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Sousa IS, Bezerra RM, Silva Filho EC, Bezerra LR, Edvan RL, Lima SBP, Lopes EC, Carvalho FLA, Moura FAS, Souza GI, Dourado LRB. Use of Cactus Pear Meal in the Feeding of Laying Hens in Semi-Intensive System. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:625. [PMID: 38396593 PMCID: PMC10886249 DOI: 10.3390/ani14040625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Little information is available in the literature on the use of cactus pear meal (CPM) in poultry diets; therefore, it is important to evaluate diets that provide excellent performance and lower production costs. Our objective was to study the use of Miúda CPM in the diets of laying hens. In the first study, two diets for male and female chicks were used-1: 80% reference diet + 20% Miúda cactus pear meal (CPM) and 2: 80% reference diet + 20% Gigante cactus pear meal (CPM). The variety Miúda provided a better use of metabolizable energy, as well as a greater digestibility coefficient of dry matter, protein, and mineral matter. In the second study, a control diet was compared to three diets with different levels of Miúda CPM for laying hens in the proportions of 3%, 6%, and 9%. No significant differences were found in productive performance. However, there were significant differences in the some parameters egg quality, texture and color profile of the cooked yolk, egg composition, fatty acids and cholesterol in the yolk. It is possible to use 9% Miúda CPM in the diet of laying hens in a semi-intensive system that does not compromise performance and egg quality, and using 3% Miúda CPM provides a higher economic return.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iara S. Sousa
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64000-900, PI, Brazil; (I.S.S.); (R.L.E.); (F.L.A.C.); (G.I.S.)
| | - Roseane M. Bezerra
- Center for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Piaui, Bom Jesus 64900-000, PI, Brazil; (R.M.B.); (S.B.P.L.); (F.A.S.M.)
| | - Edson C. Silva Filho
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Chemistry Department, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil;
| | - Leilson R. Bezerra
- Graduate Program in Animal Science and Health, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos 58708-110, PB, Brazil;
| | - Ricardo L. Edvan
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64000-900, PI, Brazil; (I.S.S.); (R.L.E.); (F.L.A.C.); (G.I.S.)
| | - Stelio B. P. Lima
- Center for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Piaui, Bom Jesus 64900-000, PI, Brazil; (R.M.B.); (S.B.P.L.); (F.A.S.M.)
| | | | - Francisca Luana A. Carvalho
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64000-900, PI, Brazil; (I.S.S.); (R.L.E.); (F.L.A.C.); (G.I.S.)
| | - Francinete A. S. Moura
- Center for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Piaui, Bom Jesus 64900-000, PI, Brazil; (R.M.B.); (S.B.P.L.); (F.A.S.M.)
| | - Gabriela I. Souza
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64000-900, PI, Brazil; (I.S.S.); (R.L.E.); (F.L.A.C.); (G.I.S.)
| | - Leilane R. B. Dourado
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64000-900, PI, Brazil; (I.S.S.); (R.L.E.); (F.L.A.C.); (G.I.S.)
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Shemnsa A, Adane WD, Tessema M, Tesfaye E, Tesfaye G. Simultaneous Determination of Mineral Nutrients and Toxic Metals in M. stenopetala from Southern Ethiopia: A Comparative Study of Three Cultivating Areas Using MP-AES. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2024; 2024:8981995. [PMID: 38222894 PMCID: PMC10787013 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8981995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
In this study, for the first time, the levels of thirteen micro- and macromineral nutrients in the leaves, seeds, and supportive soil of Moringa stenopetala (M. stenopetala) were simultaneously determined using microwave plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (MP-AES). The samples were collected during the arid season, in 2019 from the three main M. stenopetala growing areas in southern Ethiopia (Chano Mile Kebele, Nechisar Kebele, and Konso Special Woreda). A novel digestion method for leaf and seed samples was developed using an optimized acid mixture (2.5 : 0.75 : 0.5 of HNO3, HClO4, and H2O2) at 240°C for 2 hrs and 30 min, resulting in clear and colorless solutions. The method makes the digestion process more efficient by minimizing the reagent volume, reducing digestion temperature and time, and simplifying the overall procedure. The efficiency of the optimized procedure was validated by spiking experiments, and the percentage recovery ranged between 94 and 110%. Under optimized experimental conditions, higher concentrations of essential minerals (K, Na, Ca, and Mg) were observed in the plant leaf and seed samples from the three areas. In addition, significant amounts of trace elements (Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu) were also found. Importantly, no traces of the toxic elements (Cd and Pb) were detected in any of the analyzed samples, suggesting that the leaves and seeds of M. stenopetala are valuable sources of both micro- and macromineral nutrients and are safe from toxic metals. From a dietary perspective, the seed contains almost comparable concentrations of minerals as the leaves. As a result, the seeds of M. stenopetala can serve as an alternative source of minerals and play a role in overcoming the current global food crisis, particularly in the dry season. Analysis of variance at a 95% confidence level revealed significant differences in the levels of all mineral nutrients between the three sample means except K, Ca, Co, and Cu. Generally, the developed method includes an innovative digestion procedure that minimizes reagent consumption, operates at lower temperatures, and requires shorter digestion times, thereby optimizing resource utilization and maintaining analytical accuracy. Notably, the absence of toxic elements in the MP-AES procedure highlights the safety and reliability of M. stenopetala leaves and seeds as valuable, contamination-free sources of essential nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashenafi Shemnsa
- Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Merid Tessema
- Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Endale Tesfaye
- Department of Chemistry, Gambella University, P.O. Box 126, Gambella, Ethiopia
| | - Gizaw Tesfaye
- Department of Chemistry, Fitche College of Teachers Education, P.O. Box 260, Fitche, Ethiopia
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Gyamfi ET, Ackah M, Gore DB. Bioaccessibility, exposure and risk assessment of potentially toxic elements and essential micronutrients in ayurvedic, traditional Chinese and Ghanaian medicines. Biometals 2023; 36:943-960. [PMID: 36749495 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-023-00495-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic constituents in traditional medicines remain a concern due to health risks posed to consumers. Thirty-six traditional medicines (TM) consisting of 14 Indian Ayurvedic Medicines, 11 Chinese Traditional Medicines and eleven Ghanaian Traditional Medicines were evaluated using Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (T-XRF) after microwave assisted acid digestion. Physiologically Based Extraction Test (PBET) was used to obtain bioaccessible elemental concentrations. Merck XVI multi-element standard were used to evaluate the accuracy of the analytical method. The concentrations of the elements were quantified in (mg kg-1): Cr (0.01-698), Mn (0.01-1140), Fe (15-73300), Ni (1-1340), Cu (3-8160), Zn (0.01-224). The greatest bioaccessible concentrations of arsenic was 0.80 mg kg-1 and 0.44 mg kg-1 in the gastric and intestinal phases respectively. In order to evaluate the human health risks from ingesting these TM, the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) was calculated for each medicine based on element-specific bioaccessibility-adjusted concentrations and results compared with the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Reference Dose (RfD) limits. The Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) values for risks were within the USEPA RfD. Hazard quotients (HQ) of TM were < 1, meaning elemental concentrations do not pose non-carcinogenic risks to adult consumers. In summary the methods applied in the study gives a new insight on human health risks of potentially toxic and essential micronutrients elements in TM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva T Gyamfi
- Nuclear and Applied Chemistry Research Centre, National Nuclear Research Institute Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, Legon, P. O. BOX LG 80, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Michael Ackah
- Nuclear and Applied Chemistry Research Centre, National Nuclear Research Institute Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, Legon, P. O. BOX LG 80, Accra, Ghana
| | - Damian B Gore
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2109, Australia
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Taheri A, Cheniany M, Ganjeali A, Arefi-Oskouie A. ICP-OES assessment of trace and toxic elements in Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. from Iran by chemometric approaches. Biometals 2022; 35:1169-1186. [PMID: 36053471 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-022-00433-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the concentrations of some essential and toxic elements (including Ca, K, Mg, Na, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Co, Mo, Pb, Ni, Cr, and Cd) in Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. (endemic Iranian herb) from 14 different regions by ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry) method followed by multivariate statistical analyses. The analytical performances were assessed as the limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), precision, and accuracy. Multivariate analysis (CA, PCA and HCA) showed the elemental distribution in the roots were higher than the shoots and significant element was Ca between regions. Three principal components (PCs) explained 77.94% of the total variance. They were as follows: PC1 with Cu, Zn, K, Cr, Ni, and Mn; PC2 with Na, Ca, Pb, and Fe; and PC3 with Mg. Hierarchical cluster analysis indicated four groups of Z. clinopodioides samples from the 14 regions based on their trace and toxic element levels. These chemometric approaches with multivariate analysis enable researchers to understand and quantify the relationship between the variables in a data set, and the analysis considers more than one factor. The concentrations of Cu, Na, Mn, Zn, and Pb in most Z. clinopodioides samples were below the WHO (world health organization) limit for herbal medicines (10, 51,340, 200, 50, and 10 µg g-1 respectively), while Fe and Ca levels were higher than allowed (15 and 614 µg g-1 respectively). However, the WHO limit for Mg, K, Co, and Mo in medicinal plants has not yet been determined. The results of this study confirmed that different parts of Z. clinopodioides can be used as an important source for human nutrition due to its essential mineral elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Taheri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Monireh Cheniany
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Ganjeali
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Arefi-Oskouie
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Aragão WAB, Bittencourt LO, Lima LADO, de Souza MPC, Nogueira LS, Dionizio A, Buzalaf MAR, de Oliveira EHC, Crespo-Lopez ME, Lima RR. DNA Damage and Proteomic Profile Changes in Rat Salivary Glands After Chronic Exposure to Inorganic Mercury. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3983-3995. [PMID: 35013890 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02986-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a toxic metal that became a public health problem due to environmental contamination caused by anthropogenic activity. In this sense, oral homeostasis can undergo changes due to the toxic effects of metal on the salivary glands. Therefore, our objective was to investigate the proteomic and genotoxic changes in salivary glands after exposure to inorganic mercury (IHg). Forty Wistar rats that were divided into a control group, which received distilled water, and an exposed group, which received 0.375 mg/kg of mercury chloride for 45 days via orogastric gavage. After that, the animals were euthanized, and the parotid and submandibular glands were collected for analysis of the genotoxic effects, using the comet assay and proteome global profile assessment. The results showed that IHg promoted damage to cellular DNA associated with proteomic changes that showed events such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, changes in the cytoskeleton, and apoptosis. Therefore, these findings show a profile of molecular changes due to the interactions of IHg with several proteins and mechanisms inherent to the cell, which consequently may result in dysfunction of the salivary glands and impaired homeostasis of the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walessa Alana Bragança Aragão
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa Street, n. 01, Guamá, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Oliveira Bittencourt
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa Street, n. 01, Guamá, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Leidiane Alencar de Oliveira Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa Street, n. 01, Guamá, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil
| | | | - Lygia Sega Nogueira
- Laboratory of Cell Culture and Cytogenetics, Environment Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Aline Dionizio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Elena Crespo-Lopez
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa Street, n. 01, Guamá, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil.
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