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Luo J, Xu X, Sun Y, Lu X, Zhao L. Association of composite dietary antioxidant index with depression and all-cause mortality in middle-aged and elderly population. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9809. [PMID: 38684752 PMCID: PMC11058273 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60322-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Current research has shown an increasing acceptance of interventions for depression through dietary modifications. However, whether composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) is associated with depression and all-cause mortality in middle-aged and elderly population remains unknown. This study aimed to explore those associations in American middle-aged and elderly population. Weighted logistic regression models and weighted Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to assess the association of CDAI, covariates, depression, and all-cause mortality, respectively. The stability of the results was also determined by a linear trend test based on CDAI quintiles. Restricted cubic spline curves were employed to test for non-linear relationships. In the model adjusted for all covariates, significant associations were found with the ORs (95% CI) for CDAI and depression [0.77 (0.67, 0.89)] and the HRs (95% CI) for CDAI with all-cause mortality[0.91 (0.83, 1.00)]. Upon conducting restricted cubic spline curves, we found that the association between CDAI and depression was linear, whereas the association between CDAI and all-cause mortality was non-linear with an inflection point of -0.19. Statistical significance was only found before the inflection point. In this study of middle-aged and elderly Americans, CDAI was linearly negatively associated with depression and non-linearly negatively associated with all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Luo
- University City Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiying Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yiyan Sun
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xixue Lu
- Neck Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Jinan, China.
| | - Leiyong Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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2
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Han T, Sun Y, Zhao C, Wang HY, Yu H, Liu Y. Mitochondrial-Targeted Ratiometric Near-Infrared Fluorescence Probe for Monitoring Nitric Oxide in Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Med Chem 2024; 67:4026-4035. [PMID: 38359302 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a destructive autoimmune disease, where nitric oxide (NO) is closely implicated in the inflammatory processes of RA. Therefore, direct visualization of NO is essential to assess the pathological changes in RA. Herein, a mitochondrial-targeted near-infrared ratiometric fluorescent probe (NFL-NH2), based on the intramolecular charge transfer effect, was synthesized and applied to monitor the changes of NO content in early RA. Specially, probe NFL-NH2 showed a 44-fold fluorescent intensity ratio (I705/I780) response toward NO with a detection limit of 0.536 nM, enabling qualitative and quantitative analysis of NO. Additionally, NFL-NH2 can accurately target mitochondria and sensitively detect exogenous and endogenous NO in RAW 264.7 cells. Notably, in vivo RA monitoring assays demonstrated that NFL-NH2 can rapidly detect NO levels associated with the inflammatory damage degree in RA mice models by ratiometric fluorescence imaging. These results validate that NFL-NH2 holds significant potential for diagnosing NO-mediated RA diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Han
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Ye Sun
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Hai-Yan Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Hui Yu
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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3
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Lashgari NA, Khayatan D, Roudsari NM, Momtaz S, Dehpour AR, Abdolghaffari AH. Therapeutic approaches for cholestatic liver diseases: the role of nitric oxide pathway. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:1433-1454. [PMID: 37736835 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02684-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Cholestasis describes bile secretion or flow impairment, which is clinically manifested with fatigue, pruritus, and jaundice. Neutrophils play a crucial role in many diseases such as cholestasis liver diseases through mediating several oxidative and inflammatory pathways. Data have been collected from clinical, in vitro, and in vivo studies published between 2000 and December 2021 in English and obtained from the PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Cochrane libraries. Although nitric oxide plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cholestatic liver diseases, excessive levels of NO in serum and affected tissues, mainly synthesized by the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) enzyme, can exacerbate inflammation. NO induces the inflammatory and oxidative processes, which finally leads to cell damage. We found that natural products such as baicalin, curcumin, resveratrol, and lycopene, as well as chemical likes ursodeoxycholic acid, dexamethasone, rosuvastatin, melatonin, and sildenafil, are able to markedly attenuate the NO production and iNOS expression, mainly through inducing the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), Janus kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT), and toll like receptor-4 (TLR4) signaling pathways. This study summarizes the latest scientific data about the bile acid signaling pathway, the neutrophil chemotaxis recruitment process during cholestasis, and the role of NO in cholestasis liver diseases. Literature review directed us to propose that suppression of NO and its related pathways could be a therapeutic option for preventing or treating cholestatic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser-Aldin Lashgari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 99, Yakhchal, Gholhak, Shariati St., Tehran, Iran, P. O. Box: 19419-33111
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Danial Khayatan
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 99, Yakhchal, Gholhak, Shariati St., Tehran, Iran, P. O. Box: 19419-33111
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Momeni Roudsari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 99, Yakhchal, Gholhak, Shariati St., Tehran, Iran, P. O. Box: 19419-33111
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 99, Yakhchal, Gholhak, Shariati St., Tehran, Iran, P. O. Box: 19419-33111.
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
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Abouelezz HM, Shehatou GS, Shebl AM, Salem HA. A standardized pomegranate fruit extract ameliorates thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in rats via AGE-RAGE-ROS signaling. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14256. [PMID: 36938469 PMCID: PMC10015255 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to investigate a possible mechanism that may mediate the hepatoprotective effects of pomegranate fruit extract (PFE) against thioacetamide (THIO)-induced liver fibrosis in rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly allocated into four groups (n = 8 each): control; PFE (150 mg/kg/day, orally); THIO (200 mg/kg, i.p, 3 times a week); and THIO and PFE-treated groups. Oral PFE treatment decreased liver/body weight ratio by 12.4%, diminished serum function levels of ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, and total bilirubin, increased serum albumin, boosted hepatic GSH (by 35.6%) and SOD (by 17.5%), and significantly reduced hepatic levels of ROS, MDA, 4-HNE, AGEs, and RAGE in THIO-fibrotic rats relative to untreated THIO group. Moreover, PFE administration downregulated the hepatic levels of profibrotic TGF-β1 (by 23.0%, P < 0.001) and TIMP-1 (by 41.5%, P < 0.001), attenuated α-SMA protein expression, decreased serum HA levels (by 41.3%), and reduced the hepatic levels of the fibrosis markers hydroxyproline (by 26.0%, P < 0.001), collagen type IV (by 44.3%, P < 0.001) and laminin (by 43.4%, P < 0.001) compared to the untreated THIO group. The histopathological examination has corroborated these findings, where PFE decreased hepatic nodule incidence, attenuated portal necroinflammation and reduced extent of fibrosis. These findings may suggest that oral PFE administration could slow the progression of hepatic fibrogenesis via reducing hepatic levels of AGEs, RAGE, ROS, TGF-β1, and TIMP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeer M. Abouelezz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Corresponding author.
| | - George S.G. Shehatou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa City, Egypt
| | - Abdelhadi M. Shebl
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hatem A. Salem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Abstract
Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is a critical factor that causes morbidity and mortality in crucial conditions such as liver transplantation. In animal model, the common pathophysiologic mechanisms of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy are similar to those associated with bile duct ligation (BDL). Overproduction of inflammatory and oxidant markers plays a crucial role in cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. Spermidine, a multifunctional polyamine, is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we investigated the effects of spermidine on development of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy in BDL rats. Rats were randomly housed in 6 groups. Except the normal and sham groups, BDL was performed for all the control and spermidine groups. Seven days after operation, 3 different doses of spermidine (5, 10 and 50 mg/kg) were administrated until day 28, in spermidine groups. At the end of the fourth week, the electrocardiography (ECG) and papillary muscle isolation were performed. The serum level of tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-10 and cardiac level of superoxide dismutase, glutathione (GSH). and malondialdehyde (MDA) were assessed. Furthermore, the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression was assessed by western blot. Cardiac histopathological changes were monitored. The serum levels of magnesium (Mg) and potassium (K) were investigated. Control group, exhibited exaggerated signs of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy in comparison with the sham group. Co-administration of spermidine at the dose of 10 mg/kg in BDL rats significantly improved the cardiac condition, reduced the inflammatory mediators, and increased antioxidant enzymes. In addition, the histopathologic findings were in accordance with the other results of the study. Besides, there was no significant alteration in serum levels of Mg and K. This study demonstrates that spermidine at the dose of 10 mg/kg significantly improved the cirrhotic cardiomyopathy in BDL model in rats.
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Myocardial Dysfunction in Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy is Associated with Alterations of Phospholamban Phosphorylation and IL-6 Levels. Arch Med Res 2020; 52:284-293. [PMID: 33220932 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decreased cardiac contractility has been observed in cirrhosis, but the mechanisms that initiate and maintain cardiac dysfunction are not entirely understood. AIM OF THE STUDY We test the hypothesis that cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is related to deterioration of myocardial contractility due to alterations in calcium-handling proteins expression. In addition, we evaluated whether cardiac pro-inflammatory cytokine levels are associated with this process. METHODS Cirrhosis was induced by thioacetamide (TAA, 100 mg/kg/i.p., twice weekly for eight weeks). The myocardial performance was evaluated in isolated left ventricle papillary muscles under basal conditions and after inotropic challenge. The cardiac calcium handling protein expression was detected by Western blotting. Cardiac TNF-α and IL-6 levels were measured by ELISA. RESULTS Thioacetamide induced liver cirrhosis, which was associated with cirrhotic cardiomyopathy characterized by in vivo left ventricular diastolic and systolic dysfunction as well as cardiac hypertrophy. In vitro baseline myocardial contractility was lower in cirrhosis. Also, myocardial responsiveness to post-rest contraction stimulus was declined. Protein expression for RYR2, SERCA2, NCX, pPBL Ser16 and L-type calcium channel was quantitatively unchanged; however, pPBL Thr17 was significantly lower while IL-6 was higher. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is associated with decreased cardiac contractility with alteration of phospholamban phosphorylation in association with higher cardiac pro-inflammatory IL-6 levels. These findings provided molecular and functional insights about the effects of liver cirrhosis on cardiac function.
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Ivanova A, Gerasimova E, Gazizullina E. Study of Antioxidant Properties of Agents from the Perspective of Their Action Mechanisms. Molecules 2020; 25:E4251. [PMID: 32947948 PMCID: PMC7570667 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The creation and analysis of a large variety of existing methods for the evaluation of integrated antioxidant properties are quite relevant in connection with a range of biological mechanisms of the antioxidants (AO) action. In this work, the existing methods are correlated with mechanisms of antioxidant action. It is shown that the results obtained by various methods are mainly incomparable. This can be connected with the implementation of various mechanisms of antioxidant action in methods. The analysis of the literature data presented in this review indicates the difficulty of creating a universal method and the feasibility of using integrated approaches based on the use of several methods that implement and combine various mechanisms of the chemical conversion of antioxidants. This review describes methods for studying the chelating ability of antioxidants, except for methods based on electron and hydrogen atom transfer reactions, which are currently not widely covered in modern literature. With the description of each mechanism, special attention is paid to electrochemical methods, as the interaction of active oxygen metabolites of radical and non-radical nature with antioxidants has an electron/proton/donor-acceptor nature, which corresponds to the nature of electrochemical methods and suggests that they can be used to study the interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla Ivanova
- Chemical Technological Institute, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia; (E.G.); (E.G.)
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Orji O, Awoke J, Harbor C, Igwenyi I, Obasi O, Ezeani N, Aloke C. Ethanol leaf extract of Psychotria microphylla rich in quercetin restores heavy metal induced redox imbalance in rats. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04999. [PMID: 33033769 PMCID: PMC7534181 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychotria microphylla is a plant found in Africa and many parts of the world where the leaves are locally used in folk medicine for the treatment of toxicity related liver diseases. We investigated the antioxidant potentials of ethanol leaf extract of Psychotria microphylla (ELE-PM) in restoring hepatic redox dysregulations in rats exposed to heavy metals. HPLC was used in quantifying the bioactive compounds in ELE-PM. DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl), FRAP (Ferric reducing antioxidant power) and NO (Nitric Oxide) assays were used for in vitro studies. The in vivo studies involved 30 rats randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 6). Group 1 received normal saline (2 mg/kg), group 2, 3, 4 and 5 received a combined solution of Pb(NO3)2 (11.25 mg/kg) and HgCl2 (0.4 mg/kg) respectively. After 7 days of heavy metal exposure, groups 3, 4 and 5 received a daily bolus administration of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg body weight of EE-PM respectively through oral intubation for 28 days. HPLC quantification revealed a high amount of quercetin (27.43 ± 0.04 mg/100g), lower amounts of gallic acid (7.60 ± 0.06 mg/100g) and rutin (0.38 ± 0.009 mg/100g). Additionally, ELE-PM demonstrated strong inhibitory potentials against free radical scavenging activity generated in vitro. More interestingly, administration of ELE-PM significantly ameliorated hepatic redox dysregulations elicited by the exposure of the rats to heavy metals in a dose dependent pattern. ELE-PM is highly rich in flavonoid compound quercetin and perhaps this may be responsible for the strong antioxidant potentials exhibited in this investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- O.U. Orji
- Department of Biochemistry, Ebonyi State University, PMB, 053, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - J.N. Awoke
- Department of Biochemistry, Ebonyi State University, PMB, 053, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - C. Harbor
- Department of Biochemistry, Ebonyi State University, PMB, 053, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - I.O. Igwenyi
- Department of Biochemistry, Ebonyi State University, PMB, 053, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - O.D. Obasi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, PMB, 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - N.N. Ezeani
- Department of Biochemistry, Ebonyi State University, PMB, 053, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - C. Aloke
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, PMB, 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
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Lu QY, Ma JQ, Duan YY, Sun Y, Yu S, Li B, Zhang GM. Carthamin Yellow Protects the Heart Against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury With Reduced Reactive Oxygen Species Release and Inflammatory Response. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2020; 74:228-234. [PMID: 31356540 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Carthamin yellow (CY) is a flavonoid compound isolated from safflower, which is widely used clinically in China. It has various pharmacological effects including promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis and alleviating pain. Ischemic heart disease is one of the main culprits of illness and death. Here, in this study, ex vivo and in vivo models were used to investigate whether CY reduces ischemia/reperfusion injury. In vitro experiments further verify and explain the potential mechanisms of CY cardioprotective function. Isolated hearts from male rats with or without CY pretreatment before ischemia which underwent 30-minute ischemia followed by 60-minute reperfusion showed that CY pretreatment significantly reduced the infarct size and lactate dehydrogenase release. The in vivo experiments also indicated CY preadministration (i.v.) reduced infarct size and improved the heart function, which was impaired by myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. The in vitro model on myocardial cell also showed that CY reduced ischemia/reperfusion injury by reducing the lactate dehydrogenase and reactive oxygen species (ROS) releasing. Eliminating ROS with N-acetylcysteine or preinject CY into rat jugular vein reduces the expression of IL-6, TNF-a, and, especially, IL-1b in an in vivo I/R model. Also, CY pretreatment strongly reduces ischemia/reperfusion-induced NLRP3 up-expression and caspase-1 activation. Our results indicated CY reduced ischemia-reperfusion injury when administered before reperfusion. The reduction in injury is accompanied by a reduced ROS release and decreased inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yu Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jian Qiang Ma
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu Yin Duan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Songhua Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Gui Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Alam P, Raka MA, Khan S, Sarker J, Ahmed N, Nath PD, Hasan N, Mohib MM, Tisha A, Taher Sagor MA. A clinical review of the effectiveness of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) against cardiovascular dysfunction and related metabolic syndrome. J Herb Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Li X, Zhang H, Pan L, Zou H, Miao X, Cheng J, Wu Y. Puerarin alleviates liver fibrosis via inhibition of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway in thioacetamide-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:133-138. [PMID: 31258646 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a complex pathological process and an early step in the progression of liver cirrhosis, which can eventually develop into hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, there is no effective treatment for liver fibrosis. Puerarin is a traditional Chinese herb, which is commonly used in the treatment of various diseases. In addition, it is also believed to have a therapeutic effect in liver fibrosis. However, whether puerarin reduces liver fibrosis via the ERK1/2 signaling pathway to inhibit the activation of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) and excessive collagen deposition in liver fibrosis remains unknown. The aim of the current study was to establish a liver fibrosis in vivo model by intraperitoneal injection of thioacetamide (TAA) and investigate the effect of puerarin in the treatment of liver fibrosis. Hematoxylin and eosin and Van Gieson's staining were used to examine histopathological changes associated with liver fibrosis. Liver hydroxyproline content was examined to determine the total amount of collagen in the liver. The relative protein expression levels of transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen type I, fibronectin, ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 were determined by western blot analysis. In the TAA group, histopathological changes and collagen fiber content in rat liver tissue samples were significantly increased compared with the control group (P<0.05). In addition, treatment with puerarin significantly decreased histopathological changes and collagen fiber content in rat liver tissue samples (P<0.05). The relative protein expression levels of TGFβ1, α-SMA, collagen type I, fibronectin and p-ERK1/2 were significantly upregulated in the TAA group compared with the control group (P<0.05), whereas puerarin treatment reversed these changes. These findings suggest that treatment with puerarin may reduce HSC activation and alleviate extracellular matrix protein expression levels by inhibiting the TGF-β/ERK1/2 pathway in liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lianyungang Oriental Hospital, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222042, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222023, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lianyungang Oriental Hospital, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222042, P.R. China
| | - Haiou Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lianyungang Oriental Hospital, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222042, P.R. China
| | - Xiaonan Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lianyungang Oriental Hospital, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222042, P.R. China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lianyungang Oriental Hospital, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222042, P.R. China
| | - Youshan Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lianyungang Oriental Hospital, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222042, P.R. China
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Hafez HM, Ibrahim MA, Zedan MZ, Hassan M, Hassanein H. Nephroprotective effect of cilostazol and verapamil against thioacetamide-induced toxicity in rats may involve Nrf2/HO-1/NQO-1 signaling pathway. Toxicol Mech Methods 2018; 29:146-152. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2018.1528648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Heba M. Hafez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Mervat Z. Zedan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Marwa Hassan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Hanaa Hassanein
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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13
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Qinna NA, Ghanim BY. Chemical induction of hepatic apoptosis in rodents. J Appl Toxicol 2018; 39:178-190. [PMID: 30350376 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The urge of identifying new pharmacological interventions to prevent or attenuate liver injury is of critical importance and needs an expanded experimental toolbox. Hepatocyte injury and cellular death is a prominent feature behind the pathology of liver diseases. Several research activities focused on identifying chemicals and hepatotoxicants that induce cell death by apoptosis, in addition to presenting its corresponding signaling pathway. Although such efforts provided further understanding of the mechanisms of cell death, it has also raised confusion concerning identifying the involvement of several modes of cell death including apoptosis, necrosis and fibrosis. The current review highlights the ability of several chemicals and potential hepatotoxicants to induce liver damage in rodents by means of apoptosis while the probable involvement of other modes of cell death is also exposed. Thus, several chemical substances including hepatotoxins, mycotoxins, hyperglycemia inducers, metallic nanoparticles and immunosuppressant drugs are reviewed to explore the hepatic cytotoxic spectrum they could exert on hepatocytes of rodents. In addition, the current review address the mechanism by which hepatotoxicity is initiated in hepatocytes in different rodents aiding the researcher in choosing the right animal model for a better research outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidal A Qinna
- University of Petra Pharmaceutical Center (UPPC), Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - Bayan Y Ghanim
- University of Petra Pharmaceutical Center (UPPC), Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
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Assessing the Antioxidant Properties of Larrea tridentata Extract as a Potential Molecular Therapy against Oxidative Stress. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071826. [PMID: 30041415 PMCID: PMC6099408 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis diseases. Larrea tridentata (LT) also known as Creosote Bush is an evergreen shrub found in the Chihuahuan desert which has been used medicinally by Native American tribes in southwestern North America and the Amerindians of South America. However, studies of the antioxidant capacity of the crude extract of LT towards the discovery of novel molecular therapies bearing antioxidants and drug-like properties are lacking. In this study, we assessed the antioxidant properties of Larrea tridentata, collected specifically from the Chihuahuan desert in the region of El Paso del Norte, TX, USA. LT phytochemicals were obtained from three different extracts (ethanol; ethanol: water (60:40) and water). Then the extracts were evaluated in eight different assays (DPPH, ABTS, superoxide; FRAP activity, nitric oxide, phenolic content, UV visible absorption and cytotoxicity in non-cancerous HS27 cells). The three extracts were not affecting the HS27 cells at concentrations up to 120 µg/mL. Among the three extracts, we found that the mixture of ethanol: water (60:40) LT extract has the most efficient antioxidant properties (IC50 (DPPH at 30 min) = 111.7 ± 3.8 μg/mL; IC50 (ABTS) = 8.49 ± 2.28 μg/mL; IC50 (superoxide) = 0.43 ± 0.17 μg/mL; IC50 (NO) = 230.4 ± 130.4 μg/mL; and the highest phenolic content was estimated to 212.46 ± 7.05 mg GAE/L). In addition, there was a strong correlation between phenolic content and the free-radical scavenging activity assays. HPLC-MS study identified nine compounds from the LT-ethanol: water extract including Justicidin B and Beta peltain have been previously reported as secondary metabolites of Larrea tridentata.
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Jarkovska D, Bludovska M, Mistrova E, Krizkova V, Kotyzova D, Kubikova T, Slavikova J, Erek SN, Djordjevic A, Chottova Dvorakova M. Expression of classical mediators in hearts of rats with hepatic dysfunction. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:1351-1359. [PMID: 28746816 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Liver cirrhosis is associated with impairment of cardiovascular function including alterations of the heart innervation, humoral and nervous dysregulation, changes in systemic circulation and electrophysiological abnormalities. Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), enzyme forming acetylcholine, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH), enzymes participating in noradrenaline synthesis, are responsible for the production of classical neurotransmitters, and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is produced by cardiomyocytes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of experimentally induced hepatic dysfunction on the expression of proANP, ChAT, TH, and DBH in the heart. Hepatic dysfunction was induced by application of thioacetamide (TAA) or by ligation of bile duct. Biochemical parameters of hepatic injury and levels of peroxidation in the liver and heart were measured. Liver enzymes measured in the plasma were significantly elevated. Cardiac level of peroxidation was increased in operated but not TAA group animals. In the left atrium of operated rats, the expression of TH and DBH was lower, while expression of ChAT remained unchanged. In TAA group, no significant differences in the expression of the genes compared to controls were observed. Liver injury induced by ligation leads to an imbalance in the intracardiac innervation, which might impair nervous control of the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar Jarkovska
- a Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic.,b Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Bludovska
- a Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic.,c Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Eliska Mistrova
- a Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic.,b Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Vera Krizkova
- d Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Lidicka 1, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Kotyzova
- c Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Kubikova
- a Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic.,d Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Lidicka 1, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Slavikova
- a Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Sumeyye Nur Erek
- b Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Aleksandar Djordjevic
- b Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Chottova Dvorakova
- a Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic.,b Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
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Jiang X, Feng X, Huang H, Liu L, Qiao L, Zhang B, Yu W. The effects of rotenone-induced toxicity via the NF-κB-iNOS pathway in rat liver. Toxicol Mech Methods 2017; 27:318-325. [PMID: 28110601 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2017.1285972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rotenone has been used as a pesticide for many years, it is an environmental poison reported to cause neurological diseases. However, the effects of rotenone on the rat liver are unclear, as are the mechanisms of toxicity. In the present study, Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into five groups: control, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), rotenone low-dose (1 mg/kg), rotenone mid-dose (2 mg/kg) and rotenone high-dose (4 mg/kg). The treatments were orally administered daily for 28 days, we assessed health status, mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors, protein levels, nitric oxide (NO) content and histological changes. The results showed that body weight was significantly decreased in each rotenone group in a dose-dependent manner, compared with the control group. Rotenone significantly increased the mRNA levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) in each rotenone group compared with the control group, except iNOS and TNF-α mRNA expression in the low-dose group. The protein levels of COX-2 were significantly higher in each rotenone group compared with the control group, NF-κB protein expression were significantly higher in the rotenone mid and high-dose groups, but not in the low-dose group, compared with the control group, similar changes were observed in NO content. Additionally, histological analysis revealed that the most severe tissue damage occurred in the high-dose group. These results indicated that rotenone has toxic effect in rat liver relating to inflammatory factors. Our findings provide insight into the mechanisms of rotenone hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Jiang
- a Department of Veterinary Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , China
| | - Xinxin Feng
- a Department of Veterinary Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , China
| | - Hui Huang
- a Department of Veterinary Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , China
| | - Lin Liu
- a Department of Veterinary Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , China
| | - Lu Qiao
- a Department of Veterinary Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , China
| | - Binqing Zhang
- a Department of Veterinary Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , China
| | - Wenhui Yu
- a Department of Veterinary Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , China
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Ghosh S, Sarkar A, Bhattacharyya S, Sil PC. Silymarin Protects Mouse Liver and Kidney from Thioacetamide Induced Toxicity by Scavenging Reactive Oxygen Species and Activating PI3K-Akt Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:481. [PMID: 28018219 PMCID: PMC5156955 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Silymarin (SMN) has been shown to possess a wide range of biological and pharmacological effects. Besides, SMN has antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities. Thioacetamide (TAA) is a well-documented liver toxin that requires oxidative bioactivation to elicit its hepatotoxic effect which ultimately modifies amine-lipids and proteins. Our study has been designed in a TAA exposed mouse model to investigate whether SMN could protect TAA-induced oxidative stress mediated hepatic and renal damage. Results suggest that TAA generated reactive oxygen species (ROS), caused oxidative stress and induced apoptosis in the liver and kidney cells via JNK as well as PKC and MAPKs signaling. All these detrimental effects of TAA could, however, be suppressed by SMN which not only scavenged ROS but also induced PI3K-Akt cell survival pathway in the liver and prevented apoptotic pathways in both the organs. Histological studies, collagen staining and DNA fragmentation analysis also supported our results. Combining, we say that SMN possess beneficial role against TAA mediated hepatic and renal pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shatadal Ghosh
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute Kolkata, India
| | - Abhijit Sarkar
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute Kolkata, India
| | | | - Parames C Sil
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute Kolkata, India
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