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Zhang D, Jiang H, Yang X, Zheng S, Li Y, Liu S, Xu X. Traditional Chinese Medicine and renal regeneration: experimental evidence and future perspectives. Chin Med 2024; 19:77. [PMID: 38831435 PMCID: PMC11149241 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00935-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Repair of acute kidney injury (AKI) is a typical example of renal regeneration. AKI is characterized by tubular cell death, peritubular capillary (PTC) thinning, and immune system activation. After renal tubule injury, resident renal progenitor cells, or renal tubule dedifferentiation, give rise to renal progenitor cells and repair the damaged renal tubule through proliferation and differentiation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) also play an important role in renal tubular repair. AKI leads to sparse PTC, affecting the supply of nutrients and oxygen and indirectly aggravating AKI. Therefore, repairing PTC is important for the prognosis of AKI. The activation of the immune system is conducive for the body to clear the necrotic cells and debris generated by AKI; however, if the immune activation is too strong or lengthy, it will cause damage to renal tubule cells or inhibit their repair. Macrophages have been shown to play an important role in the repair of kidney injury. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has unique advantages in the treatment of AKI and a series of studies have been conducted on the topic in recent years. Herein, the role of TCM in promoting the repair of renal injury and its molecular mechanism is discussed from three perspectives: repair of renal tubular epithelial cells, repair of PTC, and regulation of macrophages to provide a reference for the treatment and mechanistic research of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denglu Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Dominant Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Huihui Jiang
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xianzhen Yang
- Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Sanxia Zheng
- Pediatric Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
- Engineering Laboratory of Urinary Organ and Functional Reconstruction of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
| | - Shuai Liu
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Dominant Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
| | - Xiangdong Xu
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Dominant Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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Najar M, Merimi M, Faour WH, Lombard CA, Moussa Agha D, Ouhaddi Y, Sokal EM, Lagneaux L, Fahmi H. In Vitro Cellular and Molecular Interplay between Human Foreskin-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells and the Th17 Cell Pathway. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1736. [PMID: 34684029 PMCID: PMC8537928 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Foreskin, considered a biological waste material, has been shown to be a reservoir of therapeutic cells. The immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) from the foreskin (FSK-MSCs) are being evaluated in cell-based therapy for degenerative, inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Within the injured/inflamed tissue, proinflammatory lymphocytes such as IL-17-producing T helper cells (Th17) may interact with the stromal microenvironment, including MSCs. In this context, MSCs may encounter different levels of T cells as well as specific inflammatory signals. Uncovering the cellular and molecular changes during this interplay is central for developing an efficient and safe immunotherapeutic tool. To this end, an in vitro human model of cocultures of FSK-MSCs and T cells was established. These cocultures were performed at different cell ratios in the presence of an inflammatory setting. After confirming that FSK-MSCs respond to ISCT criteria by showing a typical phenotype and multilineage potential, we evaluated by flow cytometry the expression of Th17 cell markers IL-17A, IL23 receptor and RORγt within the lymphocyte population. We also measured 15 human Th17 pathway-related cytokines. Regardless of the T cell/MSC ratio, we observed a significant increase in IL-17A expression associated with an increase in IL-23 receptor expression. Furthermore, we observed substantial modulation of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23, IL-25, IL-31, IL-33, INF-γ, sCD40, and TNF-α secretion. These findings suggest that FSK-MSCs are receptive to their environment and modulate the T cell response accordingly. The changes within the secretome of the stromal and immune environment are likely relevant for the therapeutic effect of MSCs. FSK-MSCs represent a valuable cellular product for immunotherapeutic purposes that needs to be further clarified and developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Najar
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (M.N.); (L.L.)
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Makram Merimi
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (M.M.); (D.M.A.)
- LBBES Laboratory, Genetics and Immune Cell Therapy Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Wissam H. Faour
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, P.O. Box 36, Byblos 5053, Lebanon;
| | - Catherine A. Lombard
- Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.A.L.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Douâa Moussa Agha
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (M.M.); (D.M.A.)
| | - Yassine Ouhaddi
- Orthopaedics Division, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal General Hospital (MGH), The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada;
| | - Etienne M. Sokal
- Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.A.L.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Laurence Lagneaux
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (M.N.); (L.L.)
| | - Hassan Fahmi
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
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Wang YH, Tao YC, Wu DB, Wang ML, Tang H, Chen EQ. Cell heterogeneity, rather than the cell storage solution, affects the behavior of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and in vivo. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:391. [PMID: 34256842 PMCID: PMC8278752 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02450-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have to be expanded in vitro to reach a sufficient cell dose for the treatment of various diseases. During the process of expansion, some obstacles remain to be overcome. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of storage solutions and heterogeneity on the behavior of MSCs in vitro and in vivo. Methods Umbilical cord MSCs (UC-MSCs) of similar sizes within normal ranges were suspended in three different storage solutions, phosphate buffer solution, normal saline, and Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium. Then, the ultrastructure, viability, and safety of these cells were compared. Other two UC-MSC populations of different sizes were categorized based on their mean diameters. The ultrastructure, proliferation, immunosuppression, hepatic differentiation potential, and number of senescent cells were investigated and compared. The survival rates of mice after the infusion of UC-MSCs of different sizes were compared. Results For UC-MSCs suspended in different storage solutions, the cell apoptosis rates, ultrastructure, and survival rates of mice were similar, and no differences were observed. Cells with a diameter of 19.14 ± 4.89 μm were categorized as the larger UC-MSC population, and cells with a diameter of 15.58 ± 3.81 μm were categorized as the smaller population. The mean diameter of the larger UC-MSC population was significantly larger than that of the smaller UC-MSC population (p < 0.01). Smaller UC-MSCs had more powerful proliferation and immunosuppressive potential and a higher nucleus-cytoplasm ratio than those of large UC-MSCs. The number of cells positive for β-galactosidase staining was higher in the larger UC-MSC population than in the smaller UC-MSC population. The survival rates of mice receiving 1 × 106 or 2 × 106 smaller UC-MSCs were 100%, both of which were higher than those of mice receiving the same amounts of larger UC-MSCs (p < 0.01). The cause of mouse death was explored and it was found that some larger UC-MSCs accumulated in the pulmonary capillary in dead mice. Conclusion Different storage solutions showed no significant effects on cell behavior, whereas heterogeneity was quite prevalent in MSC populations and might limit cells application. Hence, it is necessary to establish a more precise standardization for culture-expanded MSCs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02450-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hong Wang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.,Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Chao Tao
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.,Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Bo Wu
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.,Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Lan Wang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.,Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Tang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China. .,Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - En-Qiang Chen
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China. .,Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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In Vivo MRI Tracking of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Labeled with Ultrasmall Paramagnetic Iron Oxide Particles after Intramyocardial Transplantation in Patients with Chronic Ischemic Heart Disease. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:2754927. [PMID: 31814830 PMCID: PMC6877937 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2754927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background While regenerative stem cell therapy for ischemic heart disease has moved into phase 3 studies, little is still known about retention and migration of cell posttransplantation. In human studies, the ability to track transplanted cells has been limited to labeling with radioisotopes and tracking using nuclear imaging. This method is limited by low resolution and short half-lives of available radioisotopes. Longitudinal tracking using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of myocardial injected cells labeled with iron oxide nanoparticles has shown promising results in numerous preclinical studies but has yet to be evaluated in human studies. We aimed to evaluate MRI tracking of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) labeled with ultrasmall paramagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles after intramyocardial transplantation in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). Methods Five no-option patients with chronic symptomatic IHD underwent NOGA-guided intramyocardial transplantation of USPIO-labeled MSCs. Serial MRI scans were performed to track labeled cells both visually and using semiautomated T2∗ relaxation time analysis. For safety, we followed symptoms, quality of life, and myocardial function for 6 months. Results USPIO-labeled MSCs were tracked for up to 14 days after transplantation at injection sites both visually and using semiautomated regional T2∗ relaxation time analysis. Labeling of MSCs did not impair long-term safety of treatment. Conclusion This was a first-in-man clinical experience aimed at evaluating the utility of MRI tracking of USPIO-labeled bone marrow-derived autologous MSCs after intramyocardial injection in patients with chronic IHD. The treatment was safe, and cells were detectable at injection sites up to 14 days after transplantation. Further studies are needed to clarify if MSCs migrate out of the injection area into other areas of the myocardium or if injected cells are washed out into the peripheral circulation. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03651791.
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Reparative and Regenerative Effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells-Promising Potential for Kidney Transplantation? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184614. [PMID: 31540361 PMCID: PMC6770554 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) possess reparative, regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. The current literature suggests that MSCs could improve kidney transplant outcome via immunomodulation. In many clinical domains, research has also focussed on the regenerative and reparative effects of therapies with MSCs. However, in the field of transplantation, data on this subject remain scarce. This review provides an overview of what is known about the regenerative and reparative effects of MSCs in various fields ranging from wound care to fracture healing and also examines the potential of these promising MSC properties to improve the outcome of kidney transplantations.
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Uder C, Brückner S, Winkler S, Tautenhahn HM, Christ B. Mammalian MSC from selected species: Features and applications. Cytometry A 2017; 93:32-49. [PMID: 28906582 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSC) are promising candidates for cellular therapy of different diseases in humans and in animals. Following the guidelines of the International Society for Cell Therapy, human MSC may be identified by expression of a specific panel of cell surface markers (CD105+, CD73+, CD90+, CD34-, CD14-, or CD11b-, CD79- or CD19-, HLA-DR-). In addition, multiple differentiation potential into at least the osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic lineage is a main criterion for MSC definition. Human MSC and MSC of a variety of mammals isolated from different tissues meet these criteria. In addition to the abovementioned, they express many more cell surface markers. Yet, these are not uniquely expressed by MSC. The gross phenotypic appearance like marker expression and differentiation potential is similar albeit not identical for MSC from different tissues and species. Similarly, MSC may feature different biological characteristics depending on the tissue source and the isolation and culture procedures. Their versatile biological qualities comprising immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and proregenerative capacities rely largely on the migratory and secretory capabilities of MSC. They are attracted to sites of tissue lesion and secrete factors to promote self-repair of the injured tissue. This is a big perspective for clinical MSC applications in both veterinary and human medicine. Phase I/II clinical trials have been initiated to assess safety and feasibility of MSC therapies in acute and chronic disease settings. Yet, since the mode of MSC action in a specific disease environment is still unknown at large, it is mandatory to unravel the response of MSC from a given source onto a specific disease environment in suitable animal models prior to clinical applications. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Uder
- Department of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Applied Molecular Hepatology Laboratory, University Hospital of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 21, Leipzig D-04103, Germany
| | - Sandra Brückner
- Department of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Applied Molecular Hepatology Laboratory, University Hospital of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 21, Leipzig D-04103, Germany
| | - Sandra Winkler
- Department of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Applied Molecular Hepatology Laboratory, University Hospital of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 21, Leipzig D-04103, Germany
| | - Hans-Michael Tautenhahn
- Department of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Applied Molecular Hepatology Laboratory, University Hospital of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 21, Leipzig D-04103, Germany
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Neo PY, Teh TKH, Tay ASR, Asuncion MCT, Png SN, Toh SL, Goh JCH. Stem cell-derived cell-sheets for connective tissue engineering. Connect Tissue Res 2016; 57:428-442. [PMID: 27050427 DOI: 10.3109/03008207.2016.1173035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Cell-sheet technology involves the recovery of cells with its secreted ECM and cell-cell junctions intact, and thereby harvesting them in a single contiguous layer. Temperature changes coupled with a thermoresponsive polymer grafted culture plate surface are typically used to induce detachment of this cell-matrix layer by controlling the hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity properties of the culture surface. This review article details the genesis and development of this technique as a critical tissue-engineering tool, with a comprehensive discussion on connective tissue applications. This includes applications in the myocardial, vascular, cartilage, bone, tendon/ligament, and periodontal areas among others discussed. In particular, further focus will be given to the use of stem cells-derived cell-sheets, such as those involving bone marrow-derived and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. In addition, some of the associated challenges faced by approaches using stem cells-derived cell-sheets will also be discussed. Finally, recent advances pertaining to technologies forming, detaching, and manipulating cell-sheets will be covered in view of the potential impact they will have on shaping the way cell-sheet technology will be utilized in the future as a tissue-engineering technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puay Yong Neo
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore.,b NUS Tissue Engineering Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore , Singapore
| | - Thomas Kok Hiong Teh
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore.,b NUS Tissue Engineering Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore , Singapore
| | - Alex Sheng Ru Tay
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore
| | | | - Si Ning Png
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore.,b NUS Tissue Engineering Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore , Singapore
| | - Siew Lok Toh
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore.,c Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore
| | - James Cho-Hong Goh
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore.,b NUS Tissue Engineering Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore , Singapore.,d Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore
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Juhl M, Tratwal J, Follin B, Søndergaard RH, Kirchhoff M, Ekblond A, Kastrup J, Haack-Sørensen M. Comparison of clinical grade human platelet lysates for cultivation of mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow and adipose tissue. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2016; 76:93-104. [PMID: 26878874 DOI: 10.3109/00365513.2015.1099723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The utility of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in therapeutic applications for regenerative medicine has gained much attention. Clinical translation of MSC-based approaches requires in vitro culture-expansion to achieve a sufficient number of cells. The ideal cell culture medium should be devoid of any animal derived components. We have evaluated whether human Platelet Lysate (hPL) could be an attractive alternative to animal supplements. METHODS MSCs from bone marrow (BMSCs) and adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASCs) obtained from three donors were culture expanded in three different commercially available hPL fulfilling good manufacturing practice criteria for clinical use. BMSCs and ASCs cultured in Minimum Essential Medium Eagle-alpha supplemented with 5% PLT-Max (Mill Creek), Stemulate™ PL-S and Stemulate™ PL-SP (COOK General Biotechnology) were compared to standard culture conditions with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Cell morphology, proliferation, phenotype, genomic stability, and differentiation potential were analyzed. RESULTS Regardless of manufacturer, BMSCs and ASCs cultured in hPL media showed a significant increase in proliferation capacity compared to FBS medium. In general, the immunophenotype of both BMSCs and ASCs fulfilled International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) criteria after hPL media expansion. Comparative genomic hybridization measurements demonstrated no unbalanced chromosomal rearrangements for BMSCs or ASCs cultured in hPL media or FBS medium. The BMSCs and ASCs could differentiate into osteogenic, adipogenic, or chondrogenic lineages in all four culture conditions. CONCLUSION All three clinically approved commercial human platelet lysates accelerated proliferation of BMSCs and ASCs and the cells meet the ISCT mesenchymal phenotypic requirements without exhibiting chromosomal aberrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Juhl
- a Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen University Hospital
| | - Josefine Tratwal
- a Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen University Hospital
| | - Bjarke Follin
- a Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen University Hospital
| | - Rebekka H Søndergaard
- a Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen University Hospital
| | - Maria Kirchhoff
- b Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen University Hospital , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Annette Ekblond
- a Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen University Hospital
| | - Jens Kastrup
- a Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen University Hospital
| | - Mandana Haack-Sørensen
- a Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen University Hospital
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Opdenaker LM, Modarai SR, Boman BM. The Proportion of ALDEFLUOR-Positive Cancer Stem Cells Changes with Cell Culture Density Due to the Expression of Different ALDH Isoforms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 2:87-95. [PMID: 28280782 PMCID: PMC5340268 DOI: 10.17140/csmmoj-2-113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A significant number of discrepancies exist within the literature regarding ALDEFLUOR-positive stem cell populations in cell lines. We hypothesized that these inconsistencies resulted from differences in culture conditions, particularly cell density. We cultured several colon cancer cell lines (N=8) at high and low densities and found a significant decrease in ALDEFLUOR-positive cell populations at high density. However, we found no changes in the CD166-positive stem cell population, self-renewal, or cell cycle distribution of cells cultured at different densities. Interestingly, when we sorted both ALDEFLUOR positive and negative populations from the different density cultures, we identified a significant number of Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) isoforms whose expression was decreased in ALDEFLUOR-positive stem cells cultured at high density. This novel finding suggests that multiple ALDH isoforms contribute to ALDEFLUOR activity in colon cancer stem cells and decreases in ALDEFLUOR-positive stem cells at high cell density are due to decreased expression of multiple ALDH isoforms. Thus, designing therapeutics to target ALDEFLUOR-positive cancer stem cells may require inhibition of multiple ALDH isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn M Opdenaker
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, 118 Wolf Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA; Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, 4701 Ogletown-Stanton Rd, Newark, DE 19713, USA
| | - Shirin R Modarai
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, 118 Wolf Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA; Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, 4701 Ogletown-Stanton Rd, Newark, DE 19713, USA
| | - Bruce M Boman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, 118 Wolf Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA; Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, 4701 Ogletown-Stanton Rd, Newark, DE 19713, USA
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Mesenchymal stromal cells derived from various tissues: Biological, clinical and cryopreservation aspects. Cryobiology 2015; 71:181-97. [PMID: 26186998 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Originally isolated from bone marrow, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have since been obtained from various fetal and post-natal tissues and are the focus of an increasing number of clinical trials. Because of their tremendous potential for cellular therapy, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, it is desirable to cryopreserve and bank MSCs to increase their access and availability. A remarkable amount of research and resources have been expended towards optimizing the protocols, freezing media composition, cooling devices and storage containers, as well as developing good manufacturing practices in order to ensure that MSCs retain their therapeutic characteristics following cryopreservation and that they are safe for clinical use. Here, we first present an overview of the identification of MSCs, their tissue sources and the properties that render them suitable as a cellular therapeutic. Next, we discuss the responses of cells during freezing and focus on the traditional and novel approaches used to cryopreserve MSCs. We conclude that viable MSCs from diverse tissues can be recovered after cryopreservation using a variety of freezing protocols, cryoprotectants, storage periods and temperatures. However, alterations in certain functions of MSCs following cryopreservation warrant future investigations on the recovery of cells post-thaw followed by expansion of functional cells in order to achieve their full therapeutic potential.
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Ding R, Jiang X, Ha Y, Wang Z, Guo J, Jiang H, Zheng S, Shen Z, Jie W. Activation of Notch1 signalling promotes multi-lineage differentiation of c-Kit(POS)/NKX2.5(POS) bone marrow stem cells: implication in stem cell translational medicine. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:91. [PMID: 25956503 PMCID: PMC4446115 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0085-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can repair injured hearts. However, whether BMSC populations contain cells with cardiac stem cell characteristics is ill-defined. We report here that Notch signalling can promote differentiation of c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS BMSCs into cardiomyocyte-like cells. Methods Total BMSCs were isolated from Sprague–Dawley rat femurs and c-KitPOS cells were purified. c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS cells were isolated by single-cell cloning, and the presence of cardiomyocyte, smooth muscle cell (SMC), and endothelial cell differentiation markers assessed by immunofluorescence staining and semi-quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. Levels of c-Kit and Notch1–4 in total BMSCs and c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS BMSCs were quantitated by flow cytometry. Following infection with an adenovirus over-expressing Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD), total BMSCs and c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS cells were assessed for differentiation to cardiomyocyte, SMC, and endothelial cell lineages by immunofluorescence staining and real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Total BMSCs and c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS cells were treated with the Notch1 ligand Jagged1 and markers of cardiomyocyte, SMC, and endothelial cell differentiation were examined by immunofluorescence staining and real-time quantitative RT-PCR analysis. Results c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS cells were present among total BMSC populations, and these cells did not express markers of adult cardiomyocyte, SMC, or endothelial cell lineages. c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS BMSCs exhibited a multi-lineage differentiation potential similar to total BMSCs. Following sorting, the c-Kit level in c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS BMSCs was 84.4%. Flow cytometry revealed that Notch1 was the predominant Notch receptor present in total BMSCs and c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS BMSCs. Total BMSCs and c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS BMSCs overexpressing NICD had active Notch1 signalling accompanied by differentiation into cardiomyocyte, SMC, and endothelial cell lineages. Treatment of total BMSCs and c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS BMSCs with exogenous Jagged1 activated Notch1 signalling and drove multi-lineage differentiation, with a tendency towards cardiac lineage differentiation in c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS BMSCs. Conclusions c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS cells exist in total BMSC pools. Activation of Notch1 signalling contributed to multi-lineage differentiation of c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS BMSCs, favouring differentiation into cardiomyocytes. These findings suggest that modulation of Notch1 signalling may have potential utility in stem cell translational medicine. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-015-0085-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Ding
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
| | - Xiaofan Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
| | - Yanping Ha
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
| | - Zhenliang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
| | - Junli Guo
- Cardiovascular Institute of Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Hanguo Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
| | - Shaojiang Zheng
- Cardiovascular Institute of Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Zhihua Shen
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
| | - Wei Jie
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
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Mathiasen AB, Qayyum AA, Jørgensen E, Helqvist S, Fischer-Nielsen A, Kofoed KF, Haack-Sørensen M, Ekblond A, Kastrup J. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell treatment in patients with severe ischaemic heart failure: a randomized placebo-controlled trial (MSC-HF trial). Eur Heart J 2015; 36:1744-53. [PMID: 25926562 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Regenerative treatment with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has been promising in patients with ischaemic heart failure but needs confirmation in larger randomized trials. We aimed to study effects of intra-myocardial autologous bone marrow-derived MSC treatment in patients with severe ischaemic heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS The MSC-HF trial is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Patients were randomized 2 : 1 to intra-myocardial injections of MSC or placebo, respectively. The primary endpoint was change in left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), measured by magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography at 6 months follow-up. Sixty patients aged 30-80 years with severe ischaemic heart failure, New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes II-III, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <45% and no further treatment options were randomized. Fifty-five patients completed the 6-month follow-up (37 MSCs vs. 18 placebo). At 6 months, LVESV was reduced in the MSC group: -7.6 (95% CI -11.8 to -3.4) mL (P = 0.001), and increased in the placebo group: 5.4 (95% CI -0.4 to 11.2) mL (P = 0.07). The difference between groups was 13.0 (95% CI 5.9-20.1) mL (P = 0.001). Compared with placebo, there were also significant improvements in LVEF of 6.2% (P<0.0001), stroke volume of 18.4 mL (P < 0.0001), and myocardial mass of 5.7 g (P = 0.001). No differences were found in NYHA class, 6-min walking test and Kansas City cardiomyopathy questionnaire. No side effects were identified. CONCLUSION Intra-myocardial injections of autologous culture expanded MSCs were safe and improved myocardial function in patients with severe ischaemic heart failure. STUDY REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT00644410 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Bruun Mathiasen
- Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory 2014 and Cardiology Stem Cell Laboratory, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Abbas Ali Qayyum
- Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory 2014 and Cardiology Stem Cell Laboratory, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Erik Jørgensen
- Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory 2014 and Cardiology Stem Cell Laboratory, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Steffen Helqvist
- Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory 2014 and Cardiology Stem Cell Laboratory, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Anne Fischer-Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Immunology 2034, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus F Kofoed
- Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory 2014 and Cardiology Stem Cell Laboratory, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark Department of Radiology, Diagnostic Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mandana Haack-Sørensen
- Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory 2014 and Cardiology Stem Cell Laboratory, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Annette Ekblond
- Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory 2014 and Cardiology Stem Cell Laboratory, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Jens Kastrup
- Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory 2014 and Cardiology Stem Cell Laboratory, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
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Comparative analysis of cardiovascular development related genes in stem cells isolated from deciduous pulp and adipose tissue. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:186508. [PMID: 25548778 PMCID: PMC4273554 DOI: 10.1155/2014/186508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) and adipose stem cells (ASC) were suggested as alternative cell choice for cardiac regeneration. However, the true functionability of these cells toward cardiac regeneration is yet to be discovered. Hence, this study was carried out to investigate the innate biological properties of these cell sources toward cardiac regeneration. Both cells exhibited indistinguishable MSCs characteristics. Human stem cell transcription factor arrays were used to screen expression levels in SHED and ASC. Upregulated expression of transcription factor (TF) genes was detected in both sources. An almost equal percentage of > 2-fold changes were observed. These TF genes fall under several cardiovascular categories with higher expressions which were observed in growth and development of blood vessel, angiogenesis, and vasculogenesis categories. Further induction into cardiomyocyte revealed ASC to express more significantly cardiomyocyte specific markers compared to SHED during the differentiation course evidenced by morphology and gene expression profile. Despite this, spontaneous cellular beating was not detected in both cell lines. Taken together, our data suggest that despite being defined as MSCs, both ASC and SHED behave differently when they were cultured in a same cardiomyocytes culture condition. Hence, vigorous characterization is needed before introducing any cell for treating targeted diseases.
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Musa S, Xin LZ, Govindasamy V, Fuen FW, Kasim NHA. Global search for right cell type as a treatment modality for cardiovascular disease. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2013; 14:63-73. [DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2014.858694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Prolonged in vitro expansion partially affects phenotypic features and osteogenic potential of ovine amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Cytotherapy 2013; 15:930-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2013.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Trojahn Kølle SF, Oliveri RS, Glovinski PV, Kirchhoff M, Mathiasen AB, Elberg JJ, Andersen PS, Drzewiecki KT, Fischer-Nielsen A. Pooled human platelet lysate versus fetal bovine serum-investigating the proliferation rate, chromosome stability and angiogenic potential of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells intended for clinical use. Cytotherapy 2013; 15:1086-97. [PMID: 23602579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2013.01.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Because of an increasing focus on the use of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in clinical trials, the culture conditions for these cells are being optimized. We compared the proliferation rates and chromosomal stability of ASCs that had been cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) supplemented with either pooled human platelet lysate (pHPL) or clinical-grade fetal bovine serum (FBS) (DMEM(pHPL) versus DMEM(FBS)). METHODS ASCs from four healthy donors were cultured in either DMEM(pHPL) or DMEM(FBS), and the population doubling time (PDT) was calculated. ASCs from two of the donors were expanded in DMEM(pHPL) or DMEM(FBS) and cultured for the final week before harvesting with or without the addition of vascular endothelial growth factor. We assessed the chromosomal stability (through the use of array comparative genomic hybridization), the expression of ASC and endothelial surface markers and the differentiation and angiogenic potential of these cells. RESULTS The ASCs that were cultured in pHPL exhibited a significantly shorter PDT of 29.6 h (95% confidence interval, 22.3-41.9 h) compared with those cultured in FBS, for which the PDT was 123.9 h (95% confidence interval, 95.6-176.2 h). Comparative genomic hybridization analyses revealed no chromosomal aberrations. Cell differentiation, capillary structure formation and cell-surface marker expression were generally unaffected by the type of medium supplement that was used or by the addition of vascular endothelial growth factor. CONCLUSIONS We observed that the use of pHPL as a growth supplement for ASCs facilitated a significantly higher proliferation rate compared with FBS without compromising genomic stability or differentiation capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stig-Frederik Trojahn Kølle
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Breast Surgery & Burns 2102, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Song Y, Yun S, Yang HJ, Yoon AY, Kim H. Aggregation of Human Eyelid Adipose-derived Stem Cells by Human Body Fluids. Dev Reprod 2012; 16:339-51. [PMID: 25949109 PMCID: PMC4282241 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2012.16.4.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is the most frequently used serum for the cultivation of mammalian cells. However, since animal-derived materials might not be appropriate due to safety issues, allogeneic human serum (HS) has been used to replace FBS, particularly for the culture of human cells. While there has been a debate about the advantages of HS, its precise effect on human adult stem cells have not been clarified. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of HS on the human eyelid adipose stem cells (HEACs) in vitro. When HEACs were cultivated in a medium containing 10% HS, many cells moved into several spots and aggregated there. The phenomenon was observed as early as 9 days following 10% HS treatment, and 12 days following 5% HS plus 5% FBS treatment. However, the aggregation was never observed when the same cells were cultivated with 10% FBS or bovine serum albumin. To examine whether cell density might affect the aggregation, cells were seeded with different densities on 12-well dish. Until the beginning of aggregation, cells seeded at low densities exhibited the longest culture period of 16 days whereas cells seeded at high densities showed the shortest period of 9 days to form aggregation. The number of cells was 15.1±0.2×104 as the least for the low density group, and 29.3±2.8×104 as the greatest for the high density group. When human cord blood serum or normal bovine serum was examined for the same effect on HEACs, interestingly, cord blood serum induced the aggregation of cells whereas bovine serum treatment has never induced. When cells were cultivated with 10% HS for 9 days, they were obtained and analyzed by RT-PCR. Compared to FBS-cultivated HEACs, HS-cultivated HEACs did not express VIM, and less expressed GATA4, PALLD. On the other hand, HS-cultivated HEACs expressed MAP2 more than FBS-cultivated HEACs. In conclusion, human adult stem cells could move and form aggregates by the treatment with human body fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonhwa Song
- Dept. of Biotechnology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 139-774, Korea
| | - Sujin Yun
- Dept. of Biotechnology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 139-774, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Yang
- Dept. of Biotechnology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 139-774, Korea
| | - A Young Yoon
- Dept. of Biotechnology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 139-774, Korea
| | - Haekwon Kim
- Dept. of Biotechnology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 139-774, Korea
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Trophic actions of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells for muscle repair/regeneration. Cells 2012; 1:832-50. [PMID: 24710532 PMCID: PMC3901134 DOI: 10.3390/cells1040832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) represent the leading candidate cell in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. These cells can be easily isolated, expanded in vitro and are capable of providing significant functional benefits after implantation in the damaged muscle tissues. Despite their plasticity, the participation of BM-MSCs to new muscle fiber formation is controversial; in fact, emerging evidence indicates that their therapeutic effects occur without signs of long-term tissue engraftment and involve the paracrine secretion of cytokines and growth factors with multiple effects on the injured tissue, including modulation of inflammation and immune reaction, positive extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, angiogenesis and protection from apoptosis. Recently, a new role for BM-MSCs in the stimulation of muscle progenitor cells proliferation has been demonstrated, suggesting the potential ability of these cells to influence the fate of local stem cells and augment the endogenous mechanisms of repair/regeneration in the damaged tissues.
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