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Xu Q, Xiao Z, Yang Q, Yu T, Deng X, Chen N, Huang Y, Wang L, Guo J, Wang J. Hydrogel-based cardiac repair and regeneration function in the treatment of myocardial infarction. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:100978. [PMID: 38434571 PMCID: PMC10907859 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.100978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
A life-threatening illness that poses a serious threat to human health is myocardial infarction. It may result in a significant number of myocardial cells dying, dilated left ventricles, dysfunctional heart function, and ultimately cardiac failure. Based on the development of emerging biomaterials and the lack of clinical treatment methods and cardiac donors for myocardial infarction, hydrogels with good compatibility have been gradually applied to the treatment of myocardial infarction. Specifically, based on the three processes of pathophysiology of myocardial infarction, we summarized various types of hydrogels designed for myocardial tissue engineering in recent years, including natural hydrogels, intelligent hydrogels, growth factors, stem cells, and microRNA-loaded hydrogels. In addition, we also describe the heart patch and preparation techniques that promote the repair of MI heart function. Although most of these hydrogels are still in the preclinical research stage and lack of clinical trials, they have great potential for further application in the future. It is expected that this review will improve our knowledge of and offer fresh approaches to treating myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaxin Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Zeyu Xiao
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Qianzhi Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Xiujiao Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Nenghua Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yanyu Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Lihong Wang
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jun Guo
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jinghao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
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2
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Peng C, Yan J, Jiang Y, Wu L, Li M, Fan X. Exploring Cutting-Edge Approaches to Potentiate Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Exosome Therapy for Myocardial Infarction. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024; 17:356-375. [PMID: 37819538 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-023-10438-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be a significant global health concern. Many studies have reported promising outcomes from using MSCs and their secreted exosomes in managing various cardiovascular-related diseases like myocardial infarction (MI). MSCs and exosomes have demonstrated considerable potential in promoting regeneration and neovascularization, as well as exerting beneficial effects against apoptosis, remodeling, and inflammation in cases of myocardial infarction. Nonetheless, ensuring the durability and effectiveness of MSCs and exosomes following in vivo transplantation remains a significant concern. Recently, novel methods have emerged to improve their effectiveness and robustness, such as employing preconditioning statuses, modifying MSC and their exosomes, targeted drug delivery with exosomes, biomaterials, and combination therapy. Herein, we summarize the novel approaches that intensify the therapeutic application of MSC and their derived exosomes in treating MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chendong Peng
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu'ang Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Miaoling Li
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xinrong Fan
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
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3
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Darzi S, Alappadan J, Paul K, Mazdumder P, Rosamilia A, Truong YB, Gargett C, Werkmeister J, Mukherjee S. Immunobiology of foreign body response to composite PLACL/gelatin electrospun nanofiber meshes with mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in a mouse model: Implications in pelvic floor tissue engineering and regeneration. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 155:213669. [PMID: 37980818 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) is a common gynaecological disorder where pelvic organs protrude into the vagina. While transvaginal mesh surgery using non-degradable polymers was a commonly accepted treatment for POP, it has been associated with high rates of adverse events such as mesh erosion, exposure and inflammation due to serious foreign body response and therefore banned from clinical use after regulatory mandates. This study proposes a tissue engineering strategy using uterine endometrium-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (eMSC) delivered with degradable poly L-lactic acid-co-poly ε-caprolactone (PLACL) and gelatin (G) in form of a composite electrospun nanofibrous mesh (P + G nanomesh) and evaluates the immunomodulatory mechanism at the material interfaces. The study highlights the critical acute and chronic inflammatory markers along with remodelling factors that determine the mesh surgery outcome. We hypothesise that such a bioengineered construct enhances mesh integration and mitigates the Foreign Body Response (FBR) at the host interface associated with mesh complications. Our results show that eMSC-based nanomesh significantly increased 7 genes associated with ECM synthesis and cell adhesion including, Itgb1, Itgb2, Vcam1, Cd44, Cdh2, Tgfb1, Tgfbr1, 6 genes related to angiogenesis including Ang1, Ang2, Vegfa, Pdgfa, Serpin1, Cxcl12, and 5 genes associated with collagen remodelling Col1a1, Col3a1, Col6a1, Col6a2, Col4a5 at six weeks post-implantation. Our findings suggest that cell-based tissue-engineered constructs potentially mitigate the FBR response elicited by biomaterial implants. From a clinical perspective, this construct provides an alternative to current inadequacies in surgical outcomes by modulating the immune response, inducing angiogenesis and ECM synthesis during the acute and chronic phases of the FBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeedeh Darzi
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Janet Alappadan
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Kallyanashis Paul
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Permita Mazdumder
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Anna Rosamilia
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; Pelvic Floor Disorders Unit, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | | | - Caroline Gargett
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Jerome Werkmeister
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Shayanti Mukherjee
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
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4
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Davis KA, Gottipatti A, Peng H, Donahue R, Chelvarajan L, Cahall C, Tripathi H, Al-Darraji A, Ye S, Abdel-Latif A, Berron BJ. Gelatin coating enhances therapeutic cell adhesion to the infarcted myocardium via ECM binding. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277561. [PMID: 36355857 PMCID: PMC9648752 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) results in weakening of the heart muscle and an increased risk for chronic heart failure. Therapeutic stem cells have been shown to reduce inflammatory signaling and scar tissue expansion, despite most of these studies being limited by poor retention of cells. Gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) coatings have been shown to increase the retention of these therapeutic cells near the infarct. In this work, we evaluate two different potential binding partners for GelMA-coated bone marrow cells (BMCs) and myocardial tissue: the extracellular matrix (ECM) and interstitial non-cardiomyocytes. While cells containing β1 integrins mediate cell-ECM adhesion in vivo, these cells do not promote binding to our collagen-degraded, GelMA coating. Specifically, microscopic imagining shows that even with high integrin expression, GelMA-coated BMCs do not bind to cells within the myocardium. Alternatively, BMC incubation with decellularized heart tissue results in higher adhesion of coated cells versus uncoated cells supporting our GelMA-ECM binding mode. To further evaluate the ECM binding mode, cells were incubated on slides modified with one of three different major heart ECM components: collagen, laminin, or fibronectin. While all three components promoted higher adhesion than unmodified glass, collagen-coated slides resulted in a significantly higher adhesion of GelMA-coated BMCs over laminin and fibronectin. Incubation with unmodified BMCs confirmed that without a GelMA coating minimal adhesion of BMCs occurred. We conclude that GelMA cellular coatings significantly increase the binding of cells to collagen within the ECM. Our results provide progress towards a biocompatible and easily translatable method to enhance the retention of transplanted cells in human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara A. Davis
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Anuhya Gottipatti
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Hsuan Peng
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky and the Lexington VA Medical Center, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Renee Donahue
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky and the Lexington VA Medical Center, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Lakshman Chelvarajan
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky and the Lexington VA Medical Center, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Calvin Cahall
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Himi Tripathi
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky and the Lexington VA Medical Center, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Ahmed Al-Darraji
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky and the Lexington VA Medical Center, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Shaojing Ye
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky and the Lexington VA Medical Center, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Latif
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky and the Lexington VA Medical Center, Lexington, KY, United States of America
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Brad J. Berron
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
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Li YE, Ajoolabady A, Dhanasekaran M, Ren J. Tissue repair strategies: What we have learned from COVID-19 in the application of MSCs therapy. Pharmacol Res 2022; 182:106334. [PMID: 35779816 PMCID: PMC9242686 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection evokes severe proinflammatory storm and pulmonary infection with the number of confirmed cases (more than 200 million) and mortality (5 million) continue to surge globally. A number of vaccines (e.g., Moderna, Pfizer, Johnson/Janssen and AstraZeneca vaccines) have been developed over the past two years to restrain the rapid spread of COVID-19. However, without much of effective drug therapies, COVID-19 continues to cause multiple irreversible organ injuries and is drawing intensive attention for cell therapy in the management of organ damage in this devastating COVID-19 pandemic. For example, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have exhibited promising results in COVID-19 patients. Preclinical and clinical findings have favored the utility of stem cells in the management of COVID-19-induced adverse outcomes via inhibition of cytokine storm and hyperinflammatory syndrome with coinstantaneous tissue regeneration capacity. In this review, we will discuss the existing data with regards to application of stem cells for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran E Li
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Amir Ajoolabady
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
| | - Jun Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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6
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Sarathkumar E, Victor M, Menon JA, Jibin K, Padmini S, Jayasree RS. Nanotechnology in cardiac stem cell therapy: cell modulation, imaging and gene delivery. RSC Adv 2021; 11:34572-34588. [PMID: 35494731 PMCID: PMC9043027 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06404e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The wide arena of applications opened by nanotechnology is multidimensional. It is already been proven that its prominence can continuously influence human life. The role of stem cells in curing degenerative diseases is another major area of research. Cardiovascular diseases are one of the major causes of death globally. Nanotechnology-assisted stem cell therapy could be used to tackle the challenges faced in the management of cardiovascular diseases. In spite of the positive indications and proven potential of stem cells to differentiate into cardiomyocytes for cardiac repair and regeneration during myocardial infarction, this therapeutic approach still remains in its infancy due to several factors such as non-specificity of injected cells, insignificant survival rate, and low cell retention. Attempts to improve stem cell therapy using nanoparticles have shown some interest among researchers. This review focuses on the major hurdles associated with cardiac stem cell therapy and the role of nanoparticles to overcome the major challenges in this field, including cell modulation, imaging, tracking and gene delivery. This review summarizes the potential challenges present in cardiac stem cell therapy and the major role of nanotechnology to overcome these challenges including cell modulation, tracking and imaging of stem cells.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Elangovan Sarathkumar
- Division of Biophotonics and Imaging, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Biomedical Technology Wing Trivandrum India
| | - Marina Victor
- Division of Biophotonics and Imaging, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Biomedical Technology Wing Trivandrum India
| | | | - Kunnumpurathu Jibin
- Division of Biophotonics and Imaging, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Biomedical Technology Wing Trivandrum India
| | - Suresh Padmini
- Sree Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences Kochi Kerala India
| | - Ramapurath S Jayasree
- Division of Biophotonics and Imaging, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Biomedical Technology Wing Trivandrum India
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7
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Cheng YH, Cheng SJ, Chen HH, Hsu WC. Development of injectable graphene oxide/laponite/gelatin hydrogel containing Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of oxidative stress-damaged cardiomyocytes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 209:112150. [PMID: 34656814 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In the initial stage of myocardial infarction (MI), cardiomyocyte necrosis activates aninflammatory response and increases the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content. Graphene oxide (GO) possesses potential antioxidant properties and can provide the adequate mechanical support for cell growth. The clinical studies showed that direct injection of Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) into infarcted areas of myocardium can reduce apoptosis and fibrosis. Gelatin is a natural polymer and can promote cell attachment. Nanoclay laponite with shear-thinning properties can be injected and gelled in-situ without chemical triggers. In the study, injectable GO/laponite/gelatin (GO-LG) hydrogel was developed and characterized. The results of cell viability showed that the optimal concentration of GO flasks (200 to 300 nm) to treat cells was 100 μg/ml. Addition of nanosized GO to the laponite/gelatin (LG) hydrogel could increase the mechanical strength and have both hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility. The release of GO from LG hydrogel could inhibit the H2O2-induced oxidative stress. The GO-LG hydrogel containing WJ-MSCs could decrease inflammation and apoptosis level and increase the cell viability of cardiomyocytes under oxidative stress. We believe that utilizing this newly developed GO-LG hydrogel containing WJ-MSCs may have potential applications in the future for treatment of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Hsin Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Jen Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ho Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chia Hsu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
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8
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Arjmand B, Abedi M, Arabi M, Alavi-Moghadam S, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Hadavandkhani M, Tayanloo-Beik A, Kordi R, Roudsari PP, Larijani B. Regenerative Medicine for the Treatment of Ischemic Heart Disease; Status and Future Perspectives. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:704903. [PMID: 34568321 PMCID: PMC8461329 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.704903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is now the leading cause of adult death in the world. According to new estimates from the World Health Organization, myocardial infarction (MI) is responsible for four out of every five deaths due to cardiovascular disease. Conventional treatments of MI are taking aspirin and nitroglycerin as intermediate treatments and injecting antithrombotic agents within the first 3 h after MI. Coronary artery bypass grafting and percutaneous coronary intervention are the most common long term treatments. Since none of these interventions will fully regenerate the infarcted myocardium, there is value in pursuing more innovative therapeutic approaches. Regenerative medicine is an innovative interdisciplinary method for rebuilding, replacing, or repairing the missed part of different organs in the body, as similar as possible to the primary structure. In recent years, regenerative medicine has been widely utilized as a treatment for ischemic heart disease (one of the most fatal factors around the world) to repair the lost part of the heart by using stem cells. Here, the development of mesenchymal stem cells causes a breakthrough in the treatment of different cardiovascular diseases. They are easily obtainable from different sources, and expanded and enriched easily, with no need for immunosuppressing agents before transplantation, and fewer possibilities of genetic abnormality accompany them through multiple passages. The production of new cardiomyocytes can result from the transplantation of different types of stem cells. Accordingly, due to its remarkable benefits, stem cell therapy has received attention in recent years as it provides a drug-free and surgical treatment for patients and encourages a more safe and feasible cardiac repair. Although different clinical trials have reported on the promising benefits of stem cell therapy, there is still uncertainty about its mechanism of action. It is important to conduct different preclinical and clinical studies to explore the exact mechanism of action of the cells. After reviewing the pathophysiology of MI, this study addresses the role of tissue regeneration using various materials, including different types of stem cells. It proves some appropriate data about the importance of ethical problems, which leads to future perspectives on this scientific method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Abedi
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Arabi
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Alavi-Moghadam
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahdieh Hadavandkhani
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Tayanloo-Beik
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Kordi
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyvand Parhizkar Roudsari
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Abdelgawad M, Bakry NS, Farghali AA, Abdel-Latif A, Lotfy A. Mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy and exosomes in COVID-19: current trends and prospects. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:469. [PMID: 34419143 PMCID: PMC8379570 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02542-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. The virus causes an exaggerated immune response, resulting in a cytokine storm and acute respiratory distress syndrome, the leading cause of COVID-19-related mortality and morbidity. So far, no therapies have succeeded in circumventing the exacerbated immune response or cytokine storm associated with COVID-19. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), through their immunomodulatory and regenerative activities, mostly mediated by their paracrine effect and extracellular vesicle production, have therapeutic potential in many autoimmune, inflammatory, and degenerative diseases. In this paper, we review clinical studies on the use of MSCs for COVID-19 treatment, including the salutary effects of MSCs on the pathophysiology of COVID-19 and the immunomodulation of the cytokine storm. Ongoing clinical trial designs, cell sources, dose and administration, and populations are summarized, and the paracrine mode of benefit is discussed. We also offer suggestions for optimizing MSC-based therapies, including genetic engineering, strategies for cell surface modification, nanotechnology applications, and combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Abdelgawad
- Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Nourhan Saied Bakry
- Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Farghali
- Materials Science and Nanotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Latif
- Gill Heart Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky and the Lexington VA Medical Center, Lexington, KY, USA. .,College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506-0046, USA.
| | - Ahmed Lotfy
- Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62511, Egypt.
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10
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Hemalatha T, Aarthy M, Pandurangan S, Kamini NR, Ayyadurai N. A deep dive into the darning effects of biomaterials in infarct myocardium: current advances and future perspectives. Heart Fail Rev 2021; 27:1443-1467. [PMID: 34342769 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-021-10144-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) occurs due to the obstruction of coronary arteries, a major crux that restricts blood flow and thereby oxygen to the distal part of the myocardium, leading to loss of cardiomyocytes and eventually, if left untreated, leads to heart failure. MI, a potent cardiovascular disorder, requires intense therapeutic interventions and thereby presents towering challenges. Despite the concerted efforts, the treatment strategies for MI are still demanding, which has paved the way for the genesis of biomaterial applications. Biomaterials exhibit immense potentials for cardiac repair and regeneration, wherein they act as extracellular matrix replacing scaffolds or as delivery vehicles for stem cells, protein, plasmids, etc. This review concentrates on natural, synthetic, and hybrid biomaterials; their function; and interaction with the body, mechanisms of repair by which they are able to improve cardiac function in a MI milieu. We also provide focus on future perspectives that need attention. The cognizance provided by the research results certainly indicates that biomaterials could revolutionize the treatment paradigms for MI with a positive impact on clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiagarajan Hemalatha
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CSIR- Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600020, India
| | - Mayilvahanan Aarthy
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CSIR- Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600020, India
| | - Suryalakshmi Pandurangan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CSIR- Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600020, India
| | - Numbi Ramudu Kamini
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CSIR- Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600020, India
| | - Niraikulam Ayyadurai
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CSIR- Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600020, India.
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11
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Borrelli MA, Turnquist HR, Little SR. Biologics and their delivery systems: Trends in myocardial infarction. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 173:181-215. [PMID: 33775706 PMCID: PMC8178247 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death around the world, in which myocardial infarction (MI) is a precipitating event. However, current therapies do not adequately address the multiple dysregulated systems following MI. Consequently, recent studies have developed novel biologic delivery systems to more effectively address these maladies. This review utilizes a scientometric summary of the recent literature to identify trends among biologic delivery systems designed to treat MI. Emphasis is placed on sustained or targeted release of biologics (e.g. growth factors, nucleic acids, stem cells, chemokines) from common delivery systems (e.g. microparticles, nanocarriers, injectable hydrogels, implantable patches). We also evaluate biologic delivery system trends in the entire regenerative medicine field to identify emerging approaches that may translate to the treatment of MI. Future developments include immune system targeting through soluble factor or chemokine delivery, and the development of advanced delivery systems that facilitate the synergistic delivery of biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Borrelli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 940 Benedum Hall, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Heth R Turnquist
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, 200 Darragh St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Steven R Little
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 940 Benedum Hall, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 302 Benedum Hall, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Forbes Tower, Suite 7057, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Suite 300, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, 203 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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12
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Davis K, Peng H, Chelvarajan L, Abdel-Latif A, Berron BJ. Increased yield of gelatin coated therapeutic cells through cholesterol insertion. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 109:326-335. [PMID: 32491263 PMCID: PMC7710926 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Gelatin coatings are effective in increasing the retention of MSCs injected into the heart and minimizing the damage from acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but early studies suffered from low fractions of the MSCs coated with gelatin. Biotinylation of the MSC surface is a critical first step in the gelatin coating process, and in this study, we evaluated the use of biotinylated cholesterol "lipid insertion" anchors as a substitute for the covalent NHS-biotin anchors to the cell surface. Streptavidin-eosin molecules, where eosin is our photoinitiator, can then be bound to the cell surface through biotin-streptavidin affinity. The use of cholesterol anchors increased streptavidin density on the surface of MSCs further driving polymerization and allowing for an increased fraction of MSCs coated with gelatin (83%) when compared to NHS-biotin (52%). Additionally, the cholesterol anchors increased the uniformity of the coating on the MSC surface and supported greater numbers of coated MSCs even when the streptavidin density was slightly lower than that of an NHS-biotin anchoring strategy. Critically, this improvement in gelatin coating efficiency did not impact cytokine secretion and other critical MSC functions. Proper selection of the cholesterol anchor and the biotinylation conditions supports cellular function and densities of streptavidin on the MSC surface of up to ~105 streptavidin molecules/μm2 . In all, these cholesterol anchors offer an effective path towards the formation of conformal coatings on the majority of MSCs to improve the retention of MSCs in the heart following AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara Davis
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Hsuan Peng
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington KY, USA
| | - Lakshman Chelvarajan
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington KY, USA
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Latif
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington KY, USA
| | - Brad J. Berron
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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13
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Peng H, Chelvarajan L, Donahue R, Gottipati A, Cahall CF, Davis KA, Tripathi H, Al-Darraji A, Elsawalhy E, Dobrozsi N, Srinivasan A, Levitan BM, Kong R, Gao E, Abdel-Latif A, Berron BJ. Polymer Cell Surface Coating Enhances Mesenchymal Stem Cell Retention and Cardiac Protection. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:1655-1667. [PMID: 35014513 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has been widely tested in clinical trials to promote healing post-myocardial infarction. However, low cell retention and the need for a large donor cell number in human studies remain a key challenge for clinical translation. Natural biomaterials such as gelatin are ideally suited as scaffolds to deliver and enhance cell engraftment after transplantation. A potential drawback of MSC encapsulation in the hydrogel is that the bulky matrix may limit their biological function and interaction with the surrounding tissue microenvironment that conveys important injury signals. To overcome this limitation, we adopted a gelatin methacrylate (gelMA) cell-coating technique that photocross-links gelatin on the individual cell surface at the nanoscale. The present study investigated the cardiac protection of gelMA coated, hypoxia preconditioned MSCs (gelMA-MSCs) in a murine myocardial infarction (MI) model. We demonstrate that the direct injection of gelMA-MSC results in significantly higher myocardial engraftment 7 days after MI compared to uncoated MSCs. GelMA-MSC further amplified MSC benefits resulting in enhanced cardioprotection as measured by cardiac function, scar size, and angiogenesis. Improved MSC cardiac retention also led to a greater cardiac immunomodulatory function after injury. Taken together, this study demonstrated the efficacy of gelMA-MSCs in treating cardiac injury with a promising potential to reduce the need for donor MSCs through enhanced myocardial engraftment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan Peng
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky and the Lexington VA Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
| | - Lakshman Chelvarajan
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky and the Lexington VA Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
| | - Renee Donahue
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky and the Lexington VA Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
| | - Anuhya Gottipati
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Calvin F Cahall
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Kara A Davis
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Himi Tripathi
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky and the Lexington VA Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
| | - Ahmed Al-Darraji
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky and the Lexington VA Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
| | - Eman Elsawalhy
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky and the Lexington VA Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
| | - Nicholas Dobrozsi
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky and the Lexington VA Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
| | - Amrita Srinivasan
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky and the Lexington VA Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
| | - Bryana M Levitan
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky and the Lexington VA Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States.,Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
| | - Raymond Kong
- MilliporeSigma, Seattle, Washington 98119, United States
| | - Erhe Gao
- The Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Latif
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky and the Lexington VA Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
| | - Brad J Berron
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
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14
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Hoeeg C, Dolatshahi-Pirouz A, Follin B. Injectable Hydrogels for Improving Cardiac Cell Therapy-In Vivo Evidence and Translational Challenges. Gels 2021; 7:gels7010007. [PMID: 33499287 PMCID: PMC7859914 DOI: 10.3390/gels7010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy has the potential to regenerate cardiac tissue and treat a variety of cardiac diseases which are currently without effective treatment. This novel approach to treatment has demonstrated clinical efficiency, despite low retention of the cell products in the heart. It has been shown that improving retention often leads to improved functional outcome. A feasible method of improving cell graft retention is administration of injectable hydrogels. Over the last decade, a variety of injectable hydrogels have been investigated preclinically for their potential to improve the effects of cardiac cell therapy. These hydrogels are created with different polymers, properties, and additional functional motifs and differ in their approaches for encapsulating different cell types. Only one combinational therapy has been tested in a clinical randomized controlled trial. In this review, the latest research on the potential of injectable hydrogels for delivery of cell therapy is discussed, together with potential roadblocks for clinical translation and recommendations for future explorations to facilitate future translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie Hoeeg
- Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, Rigshospitalet, Henrik Harpestrengs Vej 4C, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Alireza Dolatshahi-Pirouz
- Department of Health Technology, Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark;
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Dentistry—Regenerative Biomaterials, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, 6525EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bjarke Follin
- Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, Rigshospitalet, Henrik Harpestrengs Vej 4C, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Correspondence:
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15
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Samadian H, Maleki H, Allahyari Z, Jaymand M. Natural polymers-based light-induced hydrogels: Promising biomaterials for biomedical applications. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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16
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Wu PJ, Peng H, Li C, Abdel-Latif A, Berron BJ. Adhesive stem cell coatings for enhanced retention in the heart tissue. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:2930-2939. [PMID: 33225239 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b01198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Injection into the heart tissue is a direct route for optimally placing mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) to regulate local inflammation following a heart attack. The retention of MSCs at the injection site is severely limited by the fluid flows that rapidly wash cells away and minimize their capacity to modulate cardiac inflammation. To prevent this loss of MSCs and their function, antibody coatings were designed for the surface of MSCs to enhance their adhesion to the inflamed tissue. MSCs were biotinylated, and biotinylated antibodies against intercellular cell adhesion molecules were conjugated to the cell surface through an intermediate layer of streptavidin. MSC surfaces were modified with ~7,000 biotin/μm2 and ~23 antibodies/μm2. The heart tissue injection of antibody-coated MSCs offered a 3-fold increase of cell retention in an infarcted heart over the injection of uncoated MSCs. We supported the mechanism of adhesion through analysis of MSC adhesion to inflamed endothelial cells and also surfaces of purified adhesion molecules on glass under microfluidic shear flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Jung Wu
- Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0046, United States
| | - Hsuan Peng
- College of medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0046, United States
| | - Cong Li
- Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0046, United States
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Latif
- College of medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0046, United States
| | - Brad J Berron
- Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0046, United States
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17
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Bar A, Cohen S. Inducing Endogenous Cardiac Regeneration: Can Biomaterials Connect the Dots? Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:126. [PMID: 32175315 PMCID: PMC7056668 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) after myocardial infarction (MI) due to blockage of coronary arteries is a major public health issue. MI results in massive loss of cardiac muscle due to ischemia. Unfortunately, the adult mammalian myocardium presents a low regenerative potential, leading to two main responses to injury: fibrotic scar formation and hypertrophic remodeling. To date, complete heart transplantation remains the only clinical option to restore heart function. In the last two decades, tissue engineering has emerged as a promising approach to promote cardiac regeneration. Tissue engineering aims to target processes associated with MI, including cardiomyogenesis, modulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, and fibrosis. Tissue engineering dogmas suggest the utilization and combination of two key components: bioactive molecules and biomaterials. This chapter will present current therapeutic applications of biomaterials in cardiac regeneration and the challenges still faced ahead. The following biomaterial-based approaches will be discussed: Nano-carriers for cardiac regeneration-inducing biomolecules; corresponding matrices for their controlled release; injectable hydrogels for cell delivery and cardiac patches. The concept of combining cardiac patches with controlled release matrices will be introduced, presenting a promising strategy to promote endogenous cardiac regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assaf Bar
- The Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Smadar Cohen
- The Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
- Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
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18
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Chen Y, Li C, Li C, Chen J, Li Y, Xie H, Lin C, Fan M, Guo Y, Gao E, Yan W, Tao L. Tailorable Hydrogel Improves Retention and Cardioprotection of Intramyocardial Transplanted Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Mice. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e013784. [PMID: 31955638 PMCID: PMC7033822 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.013784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Poor engraftment of intramyocardial stem cells limits their therapeutic efficiency against myocardial infarction (MI)‐induced cardiac injury. Transglutaminase cross‐linked Gelatin (Col‐Tgel) is a tailorable collagen‐based hydrogel that is becoming an excellent biomaterial scaffold for cellular delivery in vivo. Here, we tested the hypothesis that Col‐Tgel increases retention of intramyocardially‐injected stem cells, and thereby reduces post‐MI cardiac injury. Methods and Results Adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) were co‐cultured with Col‐Tgel in a 3‐dimensional system in vitro, and Col‐Tgel encapsulated ADSCs were observed using scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy. Vitality, proliferation, and migration of co‐cultured ADSCs were evaluated. In addition, mice were subjected to MI and were intramyocardially injected with ADSCs, Col‐Tgel, or a combination thereof. ADSCs engraftment, survival, cardiac function, and fibrosis were assessed. In vitro MTT and Cell Counting Kit‐8 assays demonstrated that ADSCs survive and proliferate up to 4 weeks in the Col‐Tgel. In addition, MTT and transwell assays showed that ADSCs migrate outside the edge of the Col‐Tgel sphere. Furthermore, when compared with ADSCs alone, Col‐Tgel‐encapsulated ADSCs significantly enhanced the long‐term retention and cardioprotective effect of ADSCs against MI‐induced cardiac injury. Conclusions In the current study, we successfully established a 3‐dimensional co‐culture system using ADSCs and Col‐Tgel. The Col‐Tgel creates a suitable microenvironment for long‐term retention of ADSCs in an ischemic area, and thereby enhances their cardioprotective effects. Taken together, this study may provide an alternative biomaterial for stem cell‐based therapy to treat ischemic heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhu Chen
- Department of CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Congye Li
- Department of CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Chengxiang Li
- Department of CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Jiangwei Chen
- Department of CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yan Li
- Department of CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Huaning Xie
- Department of CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Miaomiao Fan
- Department of CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yongzhen Guo
- Department of CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Erhe Gao
- Center for Translational MedicineTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA
| | - Wenjun Yan
- Department of CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Ling Tao
- Department of CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
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