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Zhao P, Yang Y, Song S, Cheng W, Peng C, Chang X, Wu J, Liu C. The proportion of CD161 on CD56 + NK cells in peripheral circulation associates with clinical features and disease activity of primary Sjögren's syndrome. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1244. [PMID: 38577997 PMCID: PMC10996382 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to examine the proportion of CD161 on CD56+ natural killer (NK) cells in peripheral blood of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and investigate its clinical relevance of pSS. METHODS The proportion of CD56+ NK cells and CD161 on CD56+ NK cells was detected by flow cytometry in 31 pSS patients and 29 healthy controls (HCs). The correlations between the proportion of CD161+CD56+ NK cells and clinical features and disease activity of pSS were further analyzed. Meanwhile, we drew the receiver operating characteristic curve to evaluate the diagnostic value of CD161+CD56+ NK cells in pSS. In addition, we evaluated the differences in the effects of CD161+ cells and CD161- cells in peripheral blood on the function of CD56+ NK cells in 5 pSS patients. RESULTS The proportion of CD56+ NK cells and CD161+CD56+ NK cells decreased markedly in pSS patients compared to HCs. The correlation analysis showed that the proportion of CD161+CD56+ NK cells negatively correlated with white blood cells, Immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgM, IgG, European League Against Rheumatism Sjogren's Syndrome Patient Reported Index and European League Against Rheumatism Sjogren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index, and positively correlated with complement C4. The proportion of CD161+CD56+ NK cells in pSS patients with decayed tooth, fatigue, arthralgia, skin involvement, primary biliary cirrhosis, interstitial lung disease, anti-SSA/Ro60 positive, anti-SSB positive and high IgG was lower than that in negative patients. Furthermore, compared with inactive patients, the proportion of CD161+CD56+ NK cells decreased obviously in active patients. The area under the curve was 0.7375 (p = .0016), the results indicated that CD161+CD56+ NK cells had certain diagnostic values for pSS. In addition, the proportion of CD86, HLA-DR, Ki67, FasL, TNF-α, and IFN-γ on CD161+CD56+ NK cells was lower than that on CD161-CD56+ NK cells in the peripheral blood of pSS patients. CONCLUSION This study suggested that the proportion of CD56+ NK cells and CD161+CD56+ NK cells decreased significantly in pSS patients, and the proportion of CD161+CD56+ NK cells negatively associated with the clinical features and disease activity of pSS patients. CD161 expression inhibited the function of CD56+ NK cells in peripheral blood of pSS patients. The CD161+CD56+ NK cells may present as a potential target for therapy and a biomarker of disease activity in pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-related Diseases, Bengbu, China
| | - Yanhong Yang
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Saizhe Song
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Changshu Hospital of NanTong University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xin Chang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cuiping Liu
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Padilla CM, Valenzi E, Tabib T, Nazari B, Sembrat J, Rojas M, Fuschiotti P, Lafyatis R. Increased CD8+ tissue resident memory T cells, regulatory T cells and activated natural killer cells in systemic sclerosis lungs. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2024; 63:837-845. [PMID: 37310903 PMCID: PMC10907815 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multiple observations indicate a role for lymphocytes in driving autoimmunity in SSc. While T and NK cells have been studied in SSc whole blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, their role remains unclear, partly because no studies have analysed these cell types in SSc-interstitial lung disease (ILD) lung tissue. This research aimed to identify and analyse the lymphoid subpopulations in SSc-ILD lung explants. METHODS Lymphoid populations from 13 SSc-ILD and 6 healthy control (HC) lung explants were analysed using Seurat following single-cell RNA sequencing. Lymphoid clusters were identified by their differential gene expression. Absolute cell numbers and cell proportions in each cluster were compared between cohorts. Additional analyses were performed using pathway analysis, pseudotime and cell ligand-receptor interactions. RESULTS Activated CD16+ NK cells, CD8+ tissue resident memory T cells and Treg cells were proportionately higher in SSc-ILD compared with HC lungs. Activated CD16+ NK cells in SSc-ILD showed upregulated granzyme B, IFN-γ and CD226. Amphiregulin, highly upregulated by NK cells, was predicted to interact with epidermal growth factor receptor on several bronchial epithelial cell populations. Shifts in CD8+ T cell populations indicated a transition from resting to effector to tissue resident phenotypes in SSc-ILD. CONCLUSIONS SSc-ILD lungs show activated lymphoid populations. Activated cytotoxic NK cells suggest they may kill alveolar epithelial cells, while their expression of amphiregulin suggests they may also induce bronchial epithelial cell hyperplasia. CD8+ T cells in SSc-ILD appear to transition from resting to the tissue resident memory phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M Padilla
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eleanor Valenzi
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tracy Tabib
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Banafsheh Nazari
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John Sembrat
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Patrizia Fuschiotti
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert Lafyatis
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Lin S, Zhang Y, Cao Z, Xu Y, Jin Q, Chen X, Shu X, Lu X, Wang G, Peng Q. Decrease in cell counts and alteration of phenotype characterize peripheral NK cells of patients with anti-MDA5-positive dermatomyositis. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 543:117321. [PMID: 37019328 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the levels and phenotypes of peripheral natural killer (NK) cells in anti-MDA5+ dermatomyositis (DM) patients, and their association with clinical features. METHODS Peripheral NK cell counts (NKCCs) were retrospectively collected from 497 patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies and 60 healthy controls. Multi-color flow cytometry was used to determine the NK cell phenotype in additional 48 DM patients and 26 healthy controls. The association of NKCC and NK cell phenotypes with the clinical features and prognosis were analyzed in anti-MDA5+ DM patients. RESULTS NKCC was significantly lower in anti-MDA5+ DM patients than in those with other IIM subtypes and healthy controls. A significant decrease in NKCC was associated with disease activity. Furthermore, NKCC < 27 cells/μL was an independent risk factor for 6-month mortality in anti-MDA5+ DM patients. In addition, identification of the functional phenotype of NK cells revealed significantly increased expression of the inhibitory marker CD39 in CD56brightCD16dimNK cells of anti-MDA5+ DM patients. CD39+NK cells of anti-MDA5+ DM patients showed increased expression of NKG2A, NKG2D, Ki-67, decreased expression of Tim-3, LAG-3, CD25, CD107a, and reduced TNF-α production. CONCLUSION Decreased cell counts and inhibitory phenotype are significant characteristics of peripheral NK cells in anti-MDA5+ DM patients.
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Almeida JS, Casanova JM, Santos-Rosa M, Tarazona R, Solana R, Rodrigues-Santos P. Natural Killer T-like Cells: Immunobiology and Role in Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032743. [PMID: 36769064 PMCID: PMC9917533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
CD56+ T cells are generally recognized as a distinct population of T cells and are categorized as NKT-like cells. Although our understanding of NKT-like cells is far from satisfactory, it has been shown that aging and a number of disease situations have impacted these cells. To construct an overview of what is currently known, we reviewed the literature on human NKT-like cells. NKT-like cells are highly differentiated T cells with "CD1d-independent" antigen recognition and MHC-unrestricted cell killing. The genesis of NKT-like cells is unclear; however, it is proposed that the acquisition of innate characteristics by T cells could represent a remodeling process leading to successful aging. Additionally, it has been shown that NKT-like cells may play a significant role in several pathological conditions, making it necessary to comprehend whether these cells might function as prognostic markers. The quantification and characterization of these cells might serve as a cutting-edge indicator of individual immune health. Additionally, exploring the mechanisms that can control their killing activity in different contexts may therefore result in innovative therapeutic alternatives in a wide range of disease settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jani-Sofia Almeida
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Immunology and Oncology, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Manuel Casanova
- Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- University Clinic of Orthopedics, Orthopedics Service, Tumor Unit of the Locomotor Apparatus (UTAL), Coimbra Hospital and Universitary Center (CHUC), 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manuel Santos-Rosa
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raquel Tarazona
- Immunology Unit, Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Rafael Solana
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Immunology Unit, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Paulo Rodrigues-Santos
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Immunology and Oncology, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Jin J, Liu Y, Tang Q, Yan X, Jiang M, Zhao X, Chen J, Jin C, Ou Q, Zhao J. Bioinformatics-integrated screening of systemic sclerosis-specific expressed markers to identify therapeutic targets. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1125183. [PMID: 37063926 PMCID: PMC10098096 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1125183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by extensive skin fibrosis. There are no effective treatments due to the severity, multiorgan presentation, and variable outcomes of the disease. Here, integrated bioinformatics was employed to discover tissue-specific expressed hub genes associated with SSc, determine potential competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) regulatory networks, and identify potential targeted drugs. Methods In this study, four datasets of SSc were acquired. To identify the genes specific to tissues or organs, the BioGPS web database was used. For differentially expressed genes (DEGs), functional and enrichment analyses were carried out, and hub genes were screened and shown in a network of protein-protein interactions (PPI). The potential lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network was constructed using the online databases. The specifically expressed hub genes and ceRNA network were validated in the SSc mouse and in normal mice. We also used the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to determine the diagnostic values of effective biomarkers in SSc. Finally, the Drug-Gene Interaction Database (DGIdb) identified specific medicines linked to hub genes. Results The pooled datasets identified a total of 254 DEGs. The tissue/organ-specifically expressed genes involved in this analysis are commonly found in the hematologic/immune system and bone/muscle tissue. The enrichment analysis of DEGs revealed the significant terms such as regulation of actin cytoskeleton, immune-related processes, the VEGF signaling pathway, and metabolism. Cytoscape identified six gene cluster modules and 23 hub genes. And 4 hub genes were identified, including Serpine1, CCL2, IL6, and ISG15. Consistently, the expression of Serpine1, CCL2, IL6, and ISG15 was significantly higher in the SSc mouse model than in normal mice. Eventually, we found that MALAT1-miR-206-CCL2, let-7a-5p-IL6, and miR-196a-5p-SERPINE1 may be promising RNA regulatory pathways in SSc. Besides, ten potential therapeutic drugs associated with the hub gene were identified. Conclusions This study revealed tissue-specific expressed genes, SERPINE1, CCL2, IL6, and ISG15, as effective biomarkers and provided new insight into the mechanisms of SSc. Potential RNA regulatory pathways, including MALAT1-miR-206-CCL2, let-7a-5p-IL6, and miR-196a-5p-SERPINE1, contribute to our knowledge of SSc. Furthermore, the analysis of drug-hub gene interactions predicted TIPLASININ, CARLUMAB and BINDARIT as candidate drugs for SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinyu Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Caixia Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Caixia Jin, ; Qingjian Ou, ; Jingjun Zhao,
| | - Qingjian Ou
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Caixia Jin, ; Qingjian Ou, ; Jingjun Zhao,
| | - Jingjun Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Caixia Jin, ; Qingjian Ou, ; Jingjun Zhao,
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic rheumatic disease that is characterized by immune activation, vasculopathy and fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. It has been proposed that premature onset of ageing pathways and associated senescent changes in cells contribute to the clinical and pathological features of SSc. The aim of this review is to critically review recent insights into the involvement of cellular senescence in SSc. RECENT FINDINGS Cellular senescence plays a critical role in SSc pathogenesis, particularly involving endothelial cells and fibroblasts. Immunosenescence could also contribute to SSc pathogenesis by direct alteration of cellular functions or indirect promotion of defective immune surveillance. Molecular studies have shed some light on how cellular senescence contributes to fibrosis. Recent and planned proof-of-concept trials using senotherapeutics showed promising results in fibrotic diseases, including SSc. SUMMARY There is increasing evidence implicating cellular senescence in SSc. The mechanisms underlying premature cellular senescence in SSc, and its potential role in pathogenesis, merit further investigation. Emerging drugs targeting senescence-related pathways might be potential therapeutic options for SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Suen Tsou
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Scleroderma Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bo Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John Varga
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Scleroderma Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Choreño-Parra JA, Cervantes-Rosete D, Jiménez-Alvarez LA, Ramírez-Martínez G, Márquez-García JE, Cruz-Lagunas A, Magaña-Sanchez AY, Lima G, López-Maldonado H, Gaytán-Guzmán E, Caballero A, Fernández-Plata R, Furuzawa-Carballeda J, Mendoza-Milla C, Navarro-González MDC, Llorente L, Zuniga J, Rodriguez-Reyna TS. Dendritic cells drive profibrotic inflammation and aberrant T cell polarization in systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022; 62:1687-1698. [PMID: 36063053 PMCID: PMC10070068 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a devastating autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis and obliterative vasculopathy affecting the skin and visceral organs. While the processes mediating excessive extracellular matrix (EM) deposition and fibroblast proliferation are clear, the exact link between autoimmunity and fibrosis remains elusive. Th17 cells have been proposed as critical drivers of profibrotic inflammation during SSc, but little is known about the immune components supporting their pathogenic role. METHODS Dendritic cells (DCs) activate and shape T cell differentiation by producing polarizing cytokines. Hence, we investigated the cytokine responses of monocyte-derived DCs (Mo-DCs) from patients with limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc), diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc), and healthy controls (HC) after stimulation with toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists. Also, using co-culture assays, we analyzed T cell subpopulations after contact with autologous TLR-activated Mo-DCs. RESULTS In general, we observed an increased production of Th17 related cytokines like IL-1β, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22 by SSc compared with HC Mo-DCs, with variations between lcSSc vs. dcSSc and early- vs. late-stage subgroups. Noticeably, we found a significant increment in IL-33 production by Mo-DCs in all SSc cases regardless of their clinical phenotype. Strikingly, T cells displayed Th2, Th17, and dual Th2/Th17 phenotypes after exposure to autologous TLR-stimulated Mo-DCs from SSc patients but not HC. These changes were pronounced in individuals with early-stage dcSSc and less significant in the late-stage lcSSc subgroup. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that functional alterations of DCs subsidize the immune mechanisms favoring the aberrant T cell polarization and profibrotic inflammation behind the clinical SSc heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Alberto Choreño-Parra
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Calz. De Tlalpan 4502, Col. Sección XVI., Tlalpan, 14080. Mexico City, Mexico.,Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L., México, 64849
| | - Diana Cervantes-Rosete
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga, 15. Col. Belisario Dominguez Sección XVI. Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Armando Jiménez-Alvarez
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Calz. De Tlalpan 4502, Col. Sección XVI., Tlalpan, 14080. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Ramírez-Martínez
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Calz. De Tlalpan 4502, Col. Sección XVI., Tlalpan, 14080. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jose Eduardo Márquez-García
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Calz. De Tlalpan 4502, Col. Sección XVI., Tlalpan, 14080. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Cruz-Lagunas
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Calz. De Tlalpan 4502, Col. Sección XVI., Tlalpan, 14080. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana Yelli Magaña-Sanchez
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco, de Quiroga, 15. Col. Belisario Dominguez Sección XVI. Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Lima
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco, de Quiroga, 15. Col. Belisario Dominguez Sección XVI. Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Humberto López-Maldonado
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco, de Quiroga, 15. Col. Belisario Dominguez Sección XVI. Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Emanuel Gaytán-Guzmán
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco, de Quiroga, 15. Col. Belisario Dominguez Sección XVI. Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adrian Caballero
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco, de Quiroga, 15. Col. Belisario Dominguez Sección XVI. Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosario Fernández-Plata
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Calz. De Tlalpan 4502, Col. Sección XVI., Tlalpan, 14080. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Janette Furuzawa-Carballeda
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco, de Quiroga, 15. Col. Belisario Dominguez Sección XVI. Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Criselda Mendoza-Milla
- Laboratorio de Transducción de Señales, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Calz. De Tlalpan, 4502, Col. Sección XVI. Tlalpan, 14080. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maria Del Carmen Navarro-González
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Enfermedades Reumáticas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Calz. De Tlalpan, 4502, Col. Sección XVI. Tlalpan, 14080, . Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Llorente
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L., México, 64849
| | - Joaquin Zuniga
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Calz. De Tlalpan 4502, Col. Sección XVI., Tlalpan, 14080. Mexico City, Mexico.,Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L., México, 64849
| | - Tatiana Sofia Rodriguez-Reyna
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco, de Quiroga, 15. Col. Belisario Dominguez Sección XVI. Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
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Kuca-Warnawin E, Olesińska M, Szczȩsny P, Kontny E. Impact and Possible Mechanism(s) of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on T-Cell Proliferation in Patients With Rheumatic Disease. Front Physiol 2022; 12:749481. [PMID: 35095547 PMCID: PMC8793746 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.749481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) are chronic wasting, incurable rheumatic diseases of autoimmune background, in which T cells play a critical pathogenic role. Autologous adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) may represent an alternative therapeutic option for SLE and SSc patients, but the biology of these cells is poorly understood. Methods: Herein, we evaluated the anti-proliferative impact of ASCs of healthy donors (HD/ASCs, 5 reference cell lines), SLE patients (n = 20), and SSc patients (n = 20) on T lymphocytes. To assess the direct and indirect pathway of ASCs action, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and purified CD4+ T cells of HD were activated and co-cultured in cell-to-cell contact (C-C) and transwell (T-W) conditions with untreated or cytokine (TNF + IFNΥ, TI)-licensed ASCs, then analyzed by flow cytometry to rate the proliferation response of CD8+ and/or CD4+ T cells. The concentrations of kynurenines, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin 10 (IL-10), and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) were measured from culture supernatants. Specific inhibitors of these factors (1-MT, indomethacin, and cytokine-neutralizing antibody) were used to assess their contribution to anti-proliferative ASCs action. Results: All tested ASCs significantly decreased the number of proliferating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, the number of division/proliferating cell (PI), and fold expansion (RI), and similarly upregulated kynurenines and PGE2, but not cytokine levels, in the co-cultures with both types of target cells. However, TI-treated SLE/ASCs and SSc/ASCs exerted a slightly weaker inhibitory effect on CD4+ T-cell replication than their respective HD/ASCs. All ASCs acted mainly via soluble factors. Their anti-proliferative effect was stronger, and kynurenine levels were higher in the T-W condition than the C-C condition. Blocking experiments indicated an involvement of kynurenine pathway in inhibiting the number of proliferating cells, PI, and RI values as well as PGE2 role in decreasing the number of proliferating cells. TGFβ did not contribute to ASCs anti-proliferative capabilities, while IL-10 seems to be involved in such activity of only SLE/ASCs. Conclusion: The results indicate that SLE/ASCs and SSc/ASCs retain their capability to restrain the expansion of allogeneic CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and act by similar mechanisms as ASCs of healthy donors and thus may have therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Kuca-Warnawin
- Department of Pathophysiology and Immunology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marzena Olesińska
- Clinic of Connective Tissue Diseases, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Szczȩsny
- Clinic of Connective Tissue Diseases, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Kontny
- Department of Pathophysiology and Immunology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
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9
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Wu Q, Liu Y, Xie Y, Wei S, Liu Y. Identification of Potential ceRNA Network and Patterns of Immune Cell Infiltration in Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:622021. [PMID: 34222222 PMCID: PMC8248550 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.622021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) is one of the most severe complications of systemic sclerosis (SSc) and is the leading cause of SSc-related deaths. However, the precise pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis in SSc-ILD remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network and immune cell infiltration patterns in SSc-ILD. Methods One microRNA (miRNA) and three messenger RNA (mRNA) microarray datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Then, the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRs) and mRNAs (DEMs) between SSc-ILD patients and normal controls were identified, respectively, followed by the prediction of the target genes and target lncRNAs of DEmiRs. The overlapping genes between DEmiRs target genes and DEMs were identified as core mRNAs to construct the ceRNA network. In addition, the “Cell Type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of Known RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT)” algorithm was used to analyze the composition of infiltrating immune cells in lung tissues of SSc-ILD patients and controls, and differentially expressed immune cells were recognized. The correlation between immune cells and core mRNAs was evaluated by Pearson correlation analysis. Results Totally, 42 SSc-ILD lung tissues and 18 normal lung tissues were included in this study. We identified 35 DEmiRs and 142 DEMs and predicted 1,265 target genes of DEmiRs. Then, 9 core mRNAs related to SSc-ILD were recognized, which were the overlapping genes between DEmiRs target genes and DEMs. Meanwhile, 9 DEmiRs related to core mRNAs were identified reversely, and their target lncRNAs were predicted. In total, 9 DEmiRs, 9 core mRNAs, and 51 predicted lncRNAs were integrated to construct the ceRNA regulatory network of SSc-ILD. In addition, 9 types of immune cells were differentially expressed in lung tissues between SSc-ILD patients and controls. Some core mRNAs, such as COL1A1, FOS, and EDN1, were positively or negatively correlated with the number of infiltrating immune cells. Conclusion This is the first comprehensive study to construct the potential ceRNA regulatory network and analyze the composition of infiltrating immune cells in lung tissues of SSc-ILD patients, which improves our understanding of the pathogenesis of SSc-ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhong Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Xie
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shixiong Wei
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Rare Diseases Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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10
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Gianchecchi E, Delfino DV, Fierabracci A. Natural Killer Cells: Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Target in Autoimmune Diseases? Front Immunol 2021; 12:616853. [PMID: 33679757 PMCID: PMC7933577 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.616853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases recognize a multifactorial pathogenesis, although the exact mechanism responsible for their onset remains to be fully elucidated. Over the past few years, the role of natural killer (NK) cells in shaping immune responses has been highlighted even though their involvement is profoundly linked to the subpopulation involved and to the site where such interaction takes place. The aberrant number and functionality of NK cells have been reported in several different autoimmune disorders. In the present review, we report the most recent findings regarding the involvement of NK cells in both systemic and organ-specific autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary Sjögren syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. In T1D, innate inflammation induces NK cell activation, disrupting the Treg function. In addition, certain genetic variants identified as risk factors for T1D influenced the activation of NK cells promoting their cytotoxic activity. The role of NK cells has also been demonstrated in the pathogenesis of PBC mediating direct or indirect biliary epithelial cell destruction. NK cell frequency and number were enhanced in both the peripheral blood and the liver of patients and associated with increased NK cell cytotoxic activity and perforin expression levels. NK cells were also involved in the perpetuation of disease through autoreactive CD4 T cell activation in the presence of antigen-presenting cells. In systemic sclerosis (SSc), in addition to phenotypic abnormalities, patients presented a reduction in CD56hi NK-cells. Moreover, NK cells presented a deficient killing activity. The influence of the activating and inhibitory killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) has been investigated in SSc and SLE susceptibility. Furthermore, autoantibodies to KIRs have been identified in different systemic autoimmune conditions. Because of its role in modulating the immune-mediated pathology, NK subpopulation could represent a potential marker for disease activity and target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gianchecchi
- VisMederi srl, Siena, Italy.,Infectivology and Clinical Trials Research Area, Primary Immunodeficiencies Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico V Delfino
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fierabracci
- Infectivology and Clinical Trials Research Area, Primary Immunodeficiencies Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
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11
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Lymphocyte subset abnormalities in early diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Res Ther 2021; 23:10. [PMID: 33407866 PMCID: PMC7789011 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-020-02383-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormalities in lymphocyte surface markers and functions have been described in systemic sclerosis (SSc), but conflicting results abound, and these studies often examined patients with heterogeneous disease duration, severity, clinical phenotype, and concurrent immunosuppressive agents. We studied a clinically homogeneous group of early diffuse cutaneous SSc patients not exposed to immunosuppressive drugs who were enrolled in a clinical trial and compared their immune parameters to healthy control subjects. METHODS Lymphocyte subsets were enumerated by multi-parameter flow cytometry of peripheral blood mononuclear cells at baseline visit. Production of the cytokines IL-4 and IL-17 was measured by intracellular flow cytometry following T cell activation. RESULTS SSc patients had increased percentages of CD4+ T cells but lower percentages of CD8+ T cells versus controls. The CD28-negative population was expanded in SSc, in the CD4 subset. Striking expansion of CD319+ T cells was noted among the CD4+ cells, in which they were barely detectable in healthy subjects. Frequencies of IL-4 producing cells did not differ between SSc and controls, but expansion of IL-17 producing cells was observed in SSc. A higher proportion of CD319+ cells produced cytokines, compared to other CD4+ cells. Numbers of activated T cells, regulatory T cells, and B cells were similar in SSc and control groups. Circulating follicular helper but not peripheral helper T cells were slightly expanded in SSc. CONCLUSION In this carefully selected group of early diffuse cutaneous SSc patients, analysis of immune cell parameters has identified abnormalities that likely reflect disease pathogenesis and that are candidate biomarkers for sub-classification and targeted treatment. The CD4+CD319+ (SLAM-F7+) cells are cytotoxic and oligoclonal, were recently shown to be a dominant T cell population in perivascular lymphocytic infiltrates in SSc skin, actively secrete cytokines, and are emerging as a target for novel treatments of SSc.
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12
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Toldi G, Legány N, Ocsovszki I, Balog A. Calcium Influx Kinetics and the Characteristics of Potassium Channels in Peripheral T Lymphocytes in Systemic Sclerosis. Pathobiology 2020; 87:311-316. [PMID: 32911471 DOI: 10.1159/000509674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic, immune-mediated, connective tissue disease causing microvascular abnormalities and fibrosis. The cytoplasmic calcium influx kinetics in T lymphocytes governs lymphocyte activation in this inflammatory process. The inhibition of Kv1.3 and IKCa1 potassium channels reduces calcium influx. METHODS This study aimed to analyze cytoplasmic calcium influx kinetics following activation in Th1, Th2, and CD8 cells in peripheral blood of 12 healthy individuals and 16 patients with systemic sclerosis using flow cytometry. We also evaluated the effect of the specific inhibition of the Kv1.3 and IKCa1 potassium channels. RESULTS We observed higher levels of activation in CD8 compared with Th1 cells in SSc. However, the activation of CD8 cells was lower in SSc compared to healthy controls. Moreover, activation of Th1 lymphocytes was slower in SSc than in healthy controls. The inhibition of IKCa1 channels decreased the activation of Th1 cells, while the inhibition of Kv1.3 channels modified the dynamics of activation of Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes in SSc. CONCLUSION Th1 and CD8 cells demonstrate specific activation dynamics and sensitivity to potassium channel inhibition in SSc, distinguishing this condition both from healthy controls and other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Toldi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary,
| | - Nóra Legány
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Imre Ocsovszki
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Attila Balog
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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13
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Karimizadeh E, Mostafaei S, Aslani S, Gharibdoost F, Xavier RM, Salim PH, Kavosi H, Farhadi E, Mahmoudi M. Evaluation of the association between KIR polymorphisms and systemic sclerosis: a meta-analysis. Adv Rheumatol 2020; 60:8. [PMID: 31924272 DOI: 10.1186/s42358-019-0107-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The results of investigations on the association between killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) gene polymorphisms and the risk of systemic sclerosis (SSc) are inconsistent. To comprehensively evaluate the influence of KIR polymorphisms on the risk of SSc, this meta-analysis was performed. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed in electronic databases including Scopus and PubMed/MEDLINE to find all available studies involving KIR gene family polymorphisms and SSc risk prior to July 2019. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were measured to detect associations between KIR gene family polymorphisms and SSc risk. RESULTS Five articles, comprising 571 patients and 796 healthy participants, evaluating the KIR gene family polymorphisms were included in the final meta-analysis according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and 16 KIR genes were assessed. None of the KIR genes were significantly associated with the risk of SSc. CONCLUSIONS The current meta-analysis provides evidence that KIR genes might not be potential risk factors for SSc risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Karimizadeh
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Ave, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shayan Mostafaei
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Saeed Aslani
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Ave, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Gharibdoost
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Ave, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ricardo Machado Xavier
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Patricia Hartstein Salim
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Hoda Kavosi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Ave, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Farhadi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Ave, Tehran, Iran. .,Inflammation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Ave, Tehran, Iran. .,Inflammation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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14
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Asano Y, Varga J. Rationally-based therapeutic disease modification in systemic sclerosis: Novel strategies. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 101:146-160. [PMID: 31859147 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a highly challenging chronic condition that is dominated by the pathogenetic triad of vascular damage, immune dysregulation/autoimmunity and fibrosis in multiple organs. A hallmark of SSc is the remarkable degree of molecular and phenotypic disease heterogeneity, which surpasses that of other complex rheumatic diseases. Disease trajectories in SSc are unpredictable and variable from patient to patient. Disease-modifying therapies for SSc are lacking, long-term morbidity is considerable and mortality remains unacceptably high. Currently-used empirical approaches to disease modification have modest and variable clinical efficacy and impact on survival, are expensive and frequently associated with unfavorable side effects, and none can be considered curative. However, research during the past several years is yielding significant advances with therapeutic potential. In particular, the application of unbiased omics-based discovery technologies to large and well-characterized SSc patient cohorts, coupled with hypothesis-testing experimental research using a variety of model systems is revealing new insights into SSc that allow formulation of a more nuanced appreciation of disease heterogeneity, and a deepening understanding of pathogenesis. Indeed, we are now presented with numerous novel and rationally-based strategies for targeted SSc therapy, several of which are currently, or expected to be shortly, undergoing clinical evaluation. In this review, we discuss promising novel therapeutic targets and rationally-based approaches to disease modification that have the potential to improve long-term outcomes in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Varga
- Northwestern Scleroderma Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States.
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15
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van der Kroef M, van den Hoogen LL, Mertens JS, Blokland SLM, Haskett S, Devaprasad A, Carvalheiro T, Chouri E, Vazirpanah N, Cossu M, Wichers CGK, Silva-Cardoso SC, Affandi AJ, Bekker CPJ, Lopes AP, Hillen MR, Bonte-Mineur F, Kok MR, Beretta L, Rossato M, Mingueneau M, van Roon JAG, Radstake TRDJ. Cytometry by time of flight identifies distinct signatures in patients with systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögrens syndrome. Eur J Immunol 2019; 50:119-129. [PMID: 31424086 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201948129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and primary Sjögrens syndrome (pSS) are clinically distinct systemic autoimmune diseases (SADs) that share molecular pathways. We quantified the frequency of circulating immune-cells in 169 patients with these SADs and 44 healty controls (HC) using mass-cytometry and assessed the diagnostic value of these results. Alterations in the frequency of immune-cell subsets were present in all SADs compared to HC. Most alterations, including a decrease of CD56hi NK-cells in SSc and IgM+ Bcells in pSS, were disease specific; only a reduced frequency of plasmacytoid dendritic cells was common between all SADs Strikingly, hierarchical clustering of SSc patients identified 4 clusters associated with different clinical phenotypes, and 9 of the 12 cell subset-alterations in SSc were also present during the preclinical-phase of the disease. Additionally, we found a strong association between the use of prednisone and alterations in B-cell subsets. Although differences in immune-cell frequencies between these SADs are apparent, the discriminative value thereof is too low for diagnostic purposes. Within each disease, mass cytometry analyses revealed distinct patterns between endophenotypes. Given the lack of tools enabling early diagnosis of SSc, our results justify further research into the value of cellular phenotyping as a diagnostic aid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten van der Kroef
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lucas L van den Hoogen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jorre S Mertens
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sofie L M Blokland
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Abhinandan Devaprasad
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tiago Carvalheiro
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eleni Chouri
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nadia Vazirpanah
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Cossu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Catherina G K Wichers
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra C Silva-Cardoso
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alsya J Affandi
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis P J Bekker
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ana P Lopes
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten R Hillen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Femke Bonte-Mineur
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marc R Kok
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Beretta
- Scleroderma Unit, Referral Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marzia Rossato
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Joel A G van Roon
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy R D J Radstake
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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16
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Yang M, Zhou Y, Liu L, Wang S, Jiang J, Shang Q, Yu H, Xiang X, Pang X, Li T, Zhao P. Decreased A20 expression on circulating CD56 bright NK cells contributes to a worse disease status in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 198:1-10. [PMID: 31206174 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A20, a pivotal anti-inflammatory protein, preserves immune homeostasis and regulates prolonged inflammation. A previous study has shown that A20 expression levels are down-regulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). However, the precise role of A20 in reducing autoimmune disorders needs to be further elucidated. In this study, A20 expression was found to be preferentially reduced on circulating CD56bright natural killer (NK) cells in patients with AS, and its level was negatively correlated with that of proinflammatory cytokines. Further investigation demonstrated that A20 reduces interferon (IFN)-γ and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α production in CD56bright NK cells after stimulation with monokines or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)/ionomycin(P/I). Furthermore, CD56bright NK cells isolated from AS patients promote TNF-α secretion by autologous monocytes, and increasing the A20 expression level partially attenuates this process. More importantly, decreased A20 expression on circulating CD56bright NK cells is associated with worse disease status in patients with AS. Our findings reveal that A20 participates in the pathogenesis of AS by negatively regulating CD56bright NK cells and that its reduced expression contributes to a worsened disease status in patients with AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yang
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Y Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - L Liu
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo, China
| | - S Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo, China
| | - J Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Q Shang
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo, China
| | - H Yu
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo, China
| | - X Xiang
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo, China
| | - X Pang
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo, China
| | - T Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - P Zhao
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo, China
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17
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Cytometric Characterization of Main Immunocompetent Cells in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis: Relationship with Disease Activity and Type of Immunosuppressive Treatment. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8050625. [PMID: 31071980 PMCID: PMC6571868 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8050625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disease that is characterized by widespread skin and internal organ fibrosis vasculopathy and immune response abnormalities, including T, B, natural killer (NK), and natural killer T (NKT) cell involvement. The aim of the study was to investigate the immune cell profile in patients with systemic sclerosis in relation to the disease activity, severity, and antibody presence and their relation to the type of immunosuppressive treatment. Cytometric examination identified following cell lines: B cells (Breg, B memory, B mature) and plasmablasts, T cell, T double positive—Tdp, T double negative—Tdn, NK, and NKT cell and monocytes. The disease severity and activity were assessed based on the Medsger and the EULAR Scleroderma Trials and Research Group (EUSTAR) 2017 scales respectively. In the study, SSc patients were characterized by higher total lymphocyte count parallel to increased frequency of Ts and Th cells. In SSc patients, increment of Tdp and reduction of Tdn as well as NK and NKT cells were observed. Additionally in SSc patients the reduction of B memory was noted. Head to head comparison between cyclophosphamide (CYC) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) treatment showed a reduction of CD19+ cells, but increment of plasmablasts in CYC treated patients.
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Unmet Needs in Systemic Sclerosis Understanding and Treatment: the Knowledge Gaps from a Scientist's, Clinician's, and Patient's Perspective. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2019; 55:312-331. [PMID: 28866756 PMCID: PMC6244948 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-017-8636-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a highly heterogeneous disease caused by a complex molecular circuitry. For decades, clinical and molecular research focused on understanding the primary process of fibrosis. More recently, the inflammatory, immunological and vascular components that precede the actual onset of fibrosis, have become a matter of increasing scientific scrutiny. As a consequence, the field has started to realize that the early identification of this syndrome is crucial for optimal clinical care as well as for understanding its pathology. The cause of SSc cannot be appointed to a single molecular pathway but to a multitude of molecular aberrances in a spatial and temporal matter and on the backbone of the patient's genetic predisposition. These alterations underlie the plethora of signs and symptoms which patients experience and clinicians look for, ultimately culminating in fibrotic features. To solve this complexity, a close interaction among the patient throughout its "journey," the clinician through its clinical assessments and the researcher with its experimental design, seems to be required. In this review, we aimed to highlight the features of SSc through the eyes of these three professionals, all with their own expertise and opinions. With this unique setup, we underscore the importance of investigating the role of environmental factors in the onset and perpetuation of SSc, of focusing on the earliest signs and symptoms preceding fibrosis and on the application of holistic research approaches that include a multitude of potential molecular alterations in time in an unbiased fashion, in the search for a patient-tailored cure.
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KIR/HLA Gene Profile Implication in Systemic Sclerosis Patients from Mexico. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:6808061. [PMID: 30723749 PMCID: PMC6339729 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6808061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune, inflammatory, and multisystemic disease characterized by the presence of autoantibodies and fibrosis. The pathogenesis involves the interaction between immune system cells such as macrophages, NK cells, T cells, and B cells. Killer-cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptors (KIR) are expressed in NK cells and some T cell subsets that recognize HLA class I molecules as ligands and are involved in regulating the activation and inhibition of these cells. The KIR family consists of 14 genes and two pseudogenes; according to the gene content, the genotype could be AA and Bx. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between KIR/HLA genes and genotypes with SSc and the clinical characteristics. Methods We included 50 SSc patients and 90 Control Subjects (CS). Genotyping of KIR, HLA-C, -Bw4, and -A∗03/∗11 was made by SSP-PCR. Results In SSc patients, a higher frequency of KIR2DL2 (p = 0.0007, p′ = 0.011), KIR2DS4del (p = 0.001, p′ = 0.021), and HLA-C2 (p = 0.02, p′ = 0.09) was found. This is the first study to evaluate the frequency of HLA-A∗03/∗11 in SSc patients, of which a low frequency was found in both groups. Compound genotypes KIR2DL2+/HLA-C1+ or KIR2DL2+/HLA-C2+ have a higher frequency in SSc patients. The Bx genotype was the most frequent and was associated with risk to SSc (p = 0.007, OR = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.4–7.9, p′ = 0.014). The genotypes with a higher iKIR number than aKIR (iKIR > aKIR) were found in all individuals; genotypes with 7-8 iKIR genes were increased in SSc patients. We do not find an association between the KIR genes with the clinical characteristics. Conclusion The results suggest that KIR2DL2 and 2DS4del could have a risk role in the development of SSc, but not with clinical manifestations.
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Brown M, O'Reilly S. The immunopathogenesis of fibrosis in systemic sclerosis. Clin Exp Immunol 2018; 195:310-321. [PMID: 30430560 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an idiopathic systemic autoimmune disease. It is characterized by a triad of hallmarks: immune dysfunction, fibrosis and vasculopathy. Immune dysfunction in SSc is characterized by the activation and recruitment of immune cells and the production of autoantibodies and cytokines. How immune abnormalities link the fibrosis and vasculopathy in SSc is poorly understood. A plethora of immune cell types are implicated in the immunopathogenesis of SSc, including T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, mast cells and macrophages. How these different cell types interact to contribute to SSc is complicated, and can involve cell-to-cell interactions and communication via cytokines, including transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-4. We will attempt to review significant and recent research demonstrating the importance of immune cell regulation in the immunopathogenesis of SSc with a particular focus on fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brown
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - S O'Reilly
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Benyamine A, Magalon J, Sabatier F, Lyonnet L, Robert S, Dumoulin C, Morange S, Mazodier K, Kaplanski G, Reynaud-Gaubert M, Rossi P, Dignat-George F, Granel B, Paul P. Natural Killer Cells Exhibit a Peculiar Phenotypic Profile in Systemic Sclerosis and Are Potent Inducers of Endothelial Microparticles Release. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1665. [PMID: 30072999 PMCID: PMC6058015 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of systemic sclerosis (SSc) involves early endothelial and immune activation, both preceding the onset of fibrosis. We previously identified soluble fractalkine and circulating endothelial microparticles (EMPs) as biomarkers of endothelial inflammatory activation in SSc. Fractalkine plays a dual role as a membrane-bound adhesion molecule expressed in inflamed endothelial cells (ECs) and as a chemokine involved in the recruitment, transmigration, and cytotoxic activation of immune cells that express CX3CR1, the receptor of fractalkine, namely CD8 and γδ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. We aimed to quantify circulating cytotoxic immune cells and their expression of CX3CR1. We further investigated the expression profile of NK cells chemokine receptors and activation markers and the potential of NK cells to induce EC activation in SSc. We performed a monocentric study (NCT 02636127) enrolling 15 SSc patients [15 females, median age of 55 years (39–63), 11 limited cutaneous form and 4 diffuse] and 15 healthy controls. Serum fractalkine levels were significantly increased in SSc patients. Circulating CD8 T cells numbers were decreased in SSc patients with no difference in their CX3CR1 expression. Circulating γδ T cells and NK cells numbers were preserved. CX3CR1 expression in CD8 and γδ T cells did not differ between SSc patients and controls. The percentage and level of CX3CR1 expression in NK cells were significantly lowered in SSc patients. Percentages of CXCR4, NKG2D, CD69-expressing NK cells, and their expression levels were decreased in NK cells. Conversely, CD16 level expression and percentages of CD16+ NK cells were preserved. The exposure of human microvascular dermic EC line (HMVEC-d) to peripheral blood mononuclear cells resulted in similar NK cells degranulation activity in SSc patients and controls. We further showed that NK cells purified from the blood of SSc patients induced enhanced release of EMPs than NK cells from controls. This study evidenced a peculiar NK cells phenotype in SSc characterized by decreased chemokine and activation receptors expression, that might reflect NK cells involvement in the pathogenic process. It also highlighted the role of NK cells as a potent mechanism inducing endothelial activation through enhanced EMPs release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Benyamine
- Internal Medicine Department, Pôle MINC, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | - Jérémy Magalon
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France.,Cell Therapy Unit, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, INSERM CIC BT 1409, Marseille, France
| | - Florence Sabatier
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France.,Cell Therapy Unit, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, INSERM CIC BT 1409, Marseille, France.,Hematology and Vascular Biology Department, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, Marseille, France.,Centre d'Investigation clinique (CIC), Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Luc Lyonnet
- Hematology and Vascular Biology Department, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | | | - Chloé Dumoulin
- Cell Therapy Unit, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, INSERM CIC BT 1409, Marseille, France.,Hematology and Vascular Biology Department, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Sophie Morange
- Centre d'Investigation clinique (CIC), Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Karin Mazodier
- Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology Department, Pôle MINC, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Gilles Kaplanski
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France.,Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology Department, Pôle MINC, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | | | - Pascal Rossi
- Internal Medicine Department, Pôle MINC, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | - Françoise Dignat-George
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France.,Hematology and Vascular Biology Department, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Brigitte Granel
- Internal Medicine Department, Pôle MINC, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | - Pascale Paul
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France.,Cell Therapy Unit, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, INSERM CIC BT 1409, Marseille, France.,Hematology and Vascular Biology Department, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, Marseille, France
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Fleury M, Belkina AC, Proctor EA, Zammitti C, Simms RW, Lauffenburger DA, Snyder-Cappione JE, Lafyatis R, Dooms H. Increased Expression and Modulated Regulatory Activity of Coinhibitory Receptors PD-1, TIGIT, and TIM-3 in Lymphocytes From Patients With Systemic Sclerosis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2018; 70:566-577. [PMID: 29245183 PMCID: PMC5876093 DOI: 10.1002/art.40399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Immune dysfunction is an important component of the disease process underlying systemic sclerosis (SSc), but the mechanisms contributing to altered immune cell function in SSc remain poorly defined. This study was undertaken to measure the expression and function of the coinhibitory receptors (co-IRs) programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT), T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3), and lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3) in lymphocyte subsets from the peripheral blood of patients with SSc. METHODS Co-IR expression levels on subsets of immune cells were analyzed using a 16-color flow cytometry panel. The functional role of co-IRs was determined by measuring cytokine production after in vitro stimulation of SSc and healthy control peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the presence of co-IR-blocking antibodies. Supernatants from cultures of stimulated PBMCs were added to SSc fibroblasts, and their impact on fibroblast gene expression was measured. Mathematical modeling was used to reveal differences between co-IR functions in SSc patients and healthy controls. RESULTS Levels of the co-IRs PD-1 and TIGIT were increased, and each was coexpressed, in distinct T cell subsets from SSc patients compared to healthy controls. Levels of TIM-3 were increased in SSc natural killer cells. PD-1, TIGIT, and TIM-3 antibody blockade revealed patient-specific roles of each of these co-IRs in modulating activation-induced T cell cytokine production. In contrast to healthy subjects, blockade of TIGIT and TIM-3, but not PD-1, failed to reverse inhibited cytokine production in SSc patients, indicating that enhanced T cell exhaustion is present in SSc. Finally, cytokines secreted in anti-TIM-3-treated PBMC cultures distinctly changed the gene expression profile in SSc fibroblasts. CONCLUSION The altered expression and regulatory capacity of co-IRs in SSc lymphocytes may contribute to disease pathophysiology by modulating the cytokine-mediated cross-talk of immune cells and fibroblasts at sites of inflammation and/or fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna C Belkina
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Robert W Simms
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Robert Lafyatis
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Hans Dooms
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
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23
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Lymphocyte Disturbances in Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome and Application to Venous Thromboembolism Follow-Up. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2018; 53:14-27. [PMID: 27342459 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-016-8568-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Among patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE), the persistent detection of antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies (Ab) represents an independent high risk factor for recurrence. However, oral anticoagulation vitamin K antagonist therapy, frequently used in these patients, is problematic in assessing and/or confirming a diagnosis of primary aPL syndrome (pAPS), suggesting use of alternative strategies. For this reason, and by analogy with other autoimmune diseases, a flow cytometer approach testing peripheral T cell subsets (CD3, CD4, and CD8), B cell subsets (B1, transitional, naive, and memory), and NK cells can be proposed. As an example and to validate the concept, pAPS patients selected from the monocentric VTE case-control EDITH's cohort were selected during their follow-up. As suspected and in contrast to non-APS VTE patients, other autoimmune diseases, and controls, pAPS VTE patients displayed specific lymphocyte disturbances. Quantitative and qualitative modifications were related to total CD4+ T cell reduction, a lower CD4/CD8 ratio, and disturbance in B cell homeostasis with increased proportions of B1 cells, transitional B cells (CD24++CD38++), and naive B cells (IgD+CD27-), while memory B cells (IgD+CD27+ and IgD-CD27+) were reduced. Interestingly, the absolute number of CD4+ T cells positively correlated with IgG anti-cardiolipin Ab levels. Altogether, disturbances of T and B cell homeostasis characterized pAPS VTE patients during their follow-up. This suggests a means of profiling that could be used in addition to existing criteria to characterize them.
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24
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Gianchecchi E, Delfino DV, Fierabracci A. NK cells in autoimmune diseases: Linking innate and adaptive immune responses. Autoimmun Rev 2018; 17:142-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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van Rhijn-Brouwer FCC, Spierings J, van Laar JM. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in systemic sclerosis: A reset to tolerance? Immunol Lett 2017; 195:88-96. [PMID: 29155233 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is an effective therapy for refractory autoimmune disease, in particular diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dcSSc). ASCT is the only treatment that can induce long term remission in dcSSc. However, the mechanism of action of ASCT has not yet been fully elucidated. The current hypothesis is that ASCT induces a long term 'reset' of the immune system, but there is no clear definition yet of such an immunological 'reset to tolerance', nor has it been established how to distinguish a 'reset' from long term immunosuppression. Here, we review the literature on immunological changes after ASCT in dcSSc patients to gain more insight whether changes in immunological parameters can help elucidate the mechanism of action of ASCT. We identified 12 studies. While some immunological parameters could be correlated to clinical response, heterogeneity in the studies, short follow-up time and the small sample sizes preclude firm conclusions. Importantly, most patients displayed a sustained clinical response despite the presence of auto-antibodies or higher-than-normal concentrations of cytokines and proteins associated with disease activity. This suggests that the mechanism of ASCT may not be solely immunological. Future research should focus on larger cohorts of patients and also take functional evaluation of immune cells into account in order to determine whether ASCT induces long term immunosuppression or resets the immune system to tolerance. Answering this question is key to further optimizing ASCT for dcSSc patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke C C van Rhijn-Brouwer
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Julia Spierings
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacob M van Laar
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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26
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Early inflammatory players in cutaneous fibrosis. J Dermatol Sci 2017; 87:228-235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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27
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Van Acker HH, Capsomidis A, Smits EL, Van Tendeloo VF. CD56 in the Immune System: More Than a Marker for Cytotoxicity? Front Immunol 2017; 8:892. [PMID: 28791027 PMCID: PMC5522883 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past years, the phenotypic and functional boundaries distinguishing the main cell subsets of the immune system have become increasingly blurred. In this respect, CD56 (also known as neural cell adhesion molecule) is a very good example. CD56 is the archetypal phenotypic marker of natural killer cells but can actually be expressed by many more immune cells, including alpha beta T cells, gamma delta T cells, dendritic cells, and monocytes. Common to all these CD56-expressing cell types are strong immunostimulatory effector functions, including T helper 1 cytokine production and an efficient cytotoxic capacity. Interestingly, both numerical and functional deficiencies and phenotypic alterations of the CD56+ immune cell fraction have been reported in patients with various infectious, autoimmune, or malignant diseases. In this review, we will discuss our current knowledge on the expression and function of CD56 in the hematopoietic system, both in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heleen H Van Acker
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tumor Immunology Group (TIGR), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Anna Capsomidis
- Cancer Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Evelien L Smits
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tumor Immunology Group (TIGR), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Center for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.,Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Viggo F Van Tendeloo
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tumor Immunology Group (TIGR), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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28
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EUSTAR Registration Impacts Favourably on Clinical Practice. JOURNAL OF SCLERODERMA AND RELATED DISORDERS 2017. [DOI: 10.5301/jsrd.5000230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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29
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Cossu M, van Bon L, Nierkens S, Bellocchi C, Santaniello A, Dolstra H, Beretta L, Radstake TR. The magnitude of cytokine production by stimulated CD56+ cells is associated with early stages of systemic sclerosis. Clin Immunol 2016; 173:76-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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30
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Michel T, Poli A, Cuapio A, Briquemont B, Iserentant G, Ollert M, Zimmer J. Human CD56bright NK Cells: An Update. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:2923-31. [PMID: 26994304 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Human NK cells can be subdivided into various subsets based on the relative expression of CD16 and CD56. In particular, CD56(bright)CD16(-/dim) NK cells are the focus of interest. They are considered efficient cytokine producers endowed with immunoregulatory properties, but they can also become cytotoxic upon appropriate activation. These cells were shown to play a role in different disease states, such as cancer, autoimmunity, neuroinflammation, and infection. Although their phenotype and functional properties are well known and have been extensively studied, their lineage relationship with other NK cell subsets is not fully defined, nor is their precise hematopoietic origin. In this article, we summarize recent studies about CD56(bright) NK cells in health and disease and briefly discuss the current controversies surrounding them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Michel
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Aurélie Poli
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Angelica Cuapio
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; and
| | - Benjamin Briquemont
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Gilles Iserentant
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Markus Ollert
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Allergy Center, Department of Dermatology Odense Research Centre for Anaphylaxis, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Jacques Zimmer
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg;
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