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Sun X, Gu R, Bai J. Differentiation and regulation of CD4 + T cell subsets in Parkinson's disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:352. [PMID: 39153043 PMCID: PMC11335276 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05402-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, and its hallmark pathological features are the loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the midbrain substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and the accumulation of alpha-synuclein (α-syn). It has been shown that the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is damaged in PD patients, and a large number of infiltrating T cells and inflammatory cytokines have been detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain parenchyma of PD patients and PD animal models, including significant change in the number and proportion of different CD4+ T cell subsets. This suggests that the neuroinflammatory response caused by CD4+ T cells is an important risk factor for the development of PD. Here, we systematically review the differentiation of CD4+ T cell subsets, and focus on describing the functions and mechanisms of different CD4+ T cell subsets and their secreted cytokines in PD. We also summarize the current immunotherapy targeting CD4+ T cells with a view to providing assistance in the diagnosis and treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Sun
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
- Southwest United Graduate School, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Rou Gu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jie Bai
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
- Southwest United Graduate School, Kunming, 650500, China.
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Zou SP, Yang HY, Ouyang M, Cheng Q, Shi X, Sun MH. Post-marketing safety of anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs): an analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Expert Opin Drug Saf 2024; 23:353-362. [PMID: 37610085 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2023.2251382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting IL-5 or IL-5 R α (including mepolizumab, benralizumab, and reslizumab) are widely used for inflammatory diseases such as asthma, eosinophilia, and polyangiitis. However, real-world data regarding its safety in a large sample population are incomplete. So, we evaluated the safety of anti-IL-5 mAbs by pharmacovigilance analyzes based on related adverse events (AEs) from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). METHODS In disproportionality analysis, four algorithms were employed to detect the signals of anti-IL-5 mAbs from the FAERS between 2016 and 2022. In addition, we also used MYSQL 8.0, Navicat Premium 15, and Microsoft EXCEL 2019 to analyze the signals of anti-IL-5 mAbs systematically. RESULTS There are 9,476,351 reports collected from the FAERS database, of which 22,174 reports listed anti-IL-5 mAbs as the 'primary suspected (PS)' drug. A total of 59 (20 new signals, mepolizumab) and 62 (19 new signals, benralizumab) significant disproportionality preferred terms (PTs) conforming to the four algorithms were retained synchronously. Finally, we detected that the anti-IL-5 mAbs-induced AEs occurred in 31 organ systems (mepolizumab) and 30 organ systems (benralizumab). For mepolizumab and reslizumab, unexpected and new significant PTs of AEs were found, such as asthmatic crisis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pneumonia, COVID-19, pneumothorax, adrenal insufficiency and so on. Notably, the risk signal of asthmatic crisis for mepolizumab was stronger than benralizumab (ROR 108.04 [95%CI, 96.09-121.47] vs 26.83 [95%CI, 18.91-38.06]). Comparing with mepolizumab and benralizumab, we found the proportion of serious adverse events in mepolizumab was both greater than benralizumab in each age group (≤20, 20-65, and ≥ 65). The median onset time of mepolizumab was 280 days (interquartile range [IQR] 1-367 days). CONCLUSION Analysis of FAERS data identified anti-IL-5 mAbs-associated AEs, and our findings supported continuous clinical monitoring, pharmacovigilance, and further studies of anti-IL-5 mAbs. In addition, clinicians may be more aware of the limitations of use in package inserts of anti-IL-5 mAbs: Not for relief of acute bronchospasm or status asthmaticus. Because of some limitations in the FAERS such as self-reports from patients and other confounding factors, the safety of anti-IL-5 mAbs needed more studies in different dimensions, especially the risk of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Peng Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hai-Yun Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Mengling Ouyang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qian Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xuan Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ming-Hui Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Hu M, Scheffel J, Elieh-Ali-Komi D, Maurer M, Hawro T, Metz M. An update on mechanisms of pruritus and their potential treatment in primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:4177-4197. [PMID: 37555911 PMCID: PMC10725374 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01141-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL), which include mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS), are a group of lymphoproliferative disorders characterized by clonal accumulation of neoplastic T-lymphocytes in the skin. Severe pruritus, one of the most common and distressing symptoms in primary CTCL, can significantly impair emotional well-being, physical functioning, and interpersonal relationships, thus greatly reducing quality of life. Unfortunately, effectively managing pruritus remains challenging in CTCL patients as the underlying mechanisms are, as of yet, not fully understood. Previous studies investigating the mechanisms of itch in CTCL have identified several mediators and their corresponding antagonists used for treatment. However, a comprehensive overview of the mediators and receptors contributing to pruritus in primary CTCL is lacking in the current literature. Here, we summarize and review the mediators and receptors that may contribute to pruritus in primary CTCL to explore the mechanisms of CTCL pruritus and identify effective therapeutic targets using the PubMed and Web of Science databases. Studies were included if they described itch mediators and receptors in MF and SS. Overall, the available data suggest that proteases (mainly tryptase), and neuropeptides (particularly Substance P) may be of greatest interest. At the receptor level, cytokine receptors, MRGPRs, and TRP channels are most likely important. Future drug development efforts should concentrate on targeting these mediators and receptors for the treatment of CTCL pruritus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Hu
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 27, 12203, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Scheffel
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 27, 12203, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Elieh-Ali-Komi
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 27, 12203, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 27, 12203, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tomasz Hawro
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, Institute and Comprehensive Center for Inflammation Medicine, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Martin Metz
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 27, 12203, Berlin, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany.
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Naorem LD, Sharma N, Raghava GPS. A web server for predicting and scanning of IL-5 inducing peptides using alignment-free and alignment-based method. Comput Biol Med 2023; 158:106864. [PMID: 37058758 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-5 (IL-5) can act as an enticing therapeutic target due to its pivotal role in several eosinophil-mediated diseases. The aim of this study is to develop a model for predicting IL-5 inducing antigenic regions in a protein with high precision. All models in this study have been trained, tested and validated on experimentally validated 1907 IL-5 inducing and 7759 non-IL-5 inducing peptides obtained from IEDB. Our primary analysis indicates that IL-5 inducing peptides are dominated by certain residues like Ile, Asn, and Tyr. It was also observed that binders of a wide range of HLA alleles can induce IL-5. Initially, alignment-based methods have been developed using similarity and motif search. These alignment-based methods provide high precision but poor coverage. In order to overcome this limitation, we explore alignment-free methods which are mainly machine learning-based models. Firstly, models have been developed using binary profiles and eXtreme Gradient Boosting-based model achieved a maximum AUC of 0.59. Secondly, composition-based models have been developed and our dipeptide-based random forest model achieved a maximum AUC of 0.74. Thirdly, random forest model developed using selected 250 dipeptides and achieved AUC 0.75 and MCC 0.29 on validation dataset; best among alignment-free models. In order to improve the performance, we developed an ensemble or hybrid method that combined alignment-based and alignment-free methods. Our hybrid method achieved AUC 0.94 with MCC 0.60 on a validation/independent dataset. The best hybrid model developed in this study has been incorporated into the user-friendly web server and a standalone package named 'IL5pred' (https://webs.iiitd.edu.in/raghava/il5pred/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Leimarembi Devi Naorem
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Okhla Phase 3, New Delhi, 110020, India.
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Okhla Phase 3, New Delhi, 110020, India.
| | - Gajendra P S Raghava
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Okhla Phase 3, New Delhi, 110020, India.
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Hoxha A, Tomaselli T, Minicucci GM, Dall’Acqua J, Zardo D, Simioni P, Naldi L. Hypereosinophilic Syndrome Following the BNT162b2 (BioNTech/Pfizer) Vaccine Successfully Treated with Mepolizumab: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062376. [PMID: 36983376 PMCID: PMC10051530 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Although an increasing number of real-life data confirm large-scale clinical trial findings on the efficacy and safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, rare but severe adverse reactions have begun to emerge. Here, we report a full-blown hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) following a BNT162b2 (BioNTech/Pfizer) vaccine. A 48-year-old man developed, 5 days after the first shot of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, erythematous and painful nodular lesions in the lower and upper limbs accompanied by widespread itching, acrocyanosis with gangrenous lesions at the tips of the first and fourth fingers of the right hand, as well as paresthesia in the right hand and foot. Investigations revealed isolated eosinophilia, occlusion of the right ulnar artery, and electromyography alteration compatible with multifocal sensory neuropathy, as well as minimal accentuation of the interstitial texture with some ground glass appearance. Despite treatment with prednisone in combination with warfarin, he developed thrombosis of the left ulnar artery. Therefore, therapy with an IL-5 inhibitor and acetylsalicylic was successfully added. Given the time interval between the onset of clinical manifestations and the vaccine shot, we believe that the mRNA vaccine triggered the eosinophilic response. This case evidences a possible link between HES and the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Mepolizumab, an IL-5 inhibitor, might be considered in steroid refractory cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariela Hoxha
- General Internal Medicine, Hemorrhagic and Thrombosis Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
- Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, San Bortolo Hospital, 36100 Vicenza, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-(0)498212682
| | - Tania Tomaselli
- Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, San Bortolo Hospital, 36100 Vicenza, Italy
| | | | | | - Davide Zardo
- Department of Pathology, San Bortolo Hospital, 36100 Vicenza, Italy
| | - Paolo Simioni
- General Internal Medicine, Hemorrhagic and Thrombosis Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Luigi Naldi
- Dermatology Unit, San Bortolo Hospital, 36100 Vicenza, Italy
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EGPA Phenotyping: Not Only ANCA, but Also Eosinophils. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030776. [PMID: 36979755 PMCID: PMC10045549 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA) is a small-vessel necrotizing vasculitis. The anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies’ (ANCA) role in defining clinical EGPA phenotypes is well established. Although the role of eosinophils in disease pathogenesis has been clearly demonstrated, the value of blood eosinophil count (BEC) as a biomarker of disease phenotypes is currently uncertain. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed EGPA patients referred to our Immunology Clinic. Demographic, laboratory and clinical features were retrieved from clinical records, and a Logistic Regression was fitted to evaluate the predictive power of all baseline clinical and laboratory features to define EGPA phenotypes. Results: 168 patients were recruited. BEC ≤ 1500 cells/mL was predictive of a clinical involvement characterized by asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and lung opacities (OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.07–0.43; respiratory-limited phenotype); BEC > 3500/mL was predictive of extrapulmonary organ involvement (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.7–7.1; systemic phenotype). BEC was also predictive of peripheral nervous system (PNS) involvement, with a positive trend with increasing BEC (<1500/mL: OR 0.17, 95%CI, 0.06–0.47; >3500/mL: OR 2.8, 95% CI, 1.5–5.28). ANCA positivity was also predictive of extrapulmonary involvement (OR 4.7, 95% CI 1.9–11.99). Conclusions: according to BEC and irrespective of the ANCA status, two EGPA phenotypes could be identified, named systemic and respiratory-limited phenotypes, with different organ involvement and possibly different prognoses.
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Rubin L, Talmon A, Ribak Y, Kessler A, Martin Y, Haran TK, Shamriz O, Adini I, Tal Y. Novel targeted inhibition of the IL-5 axis for drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1134178. [PMID: 37187735 PMCID: PMC10175640 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1134178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome represents a severe hypersensitivity reaction. Up-to-date treatment is based on withdrawal of medication, supportive care, and immunosuppression using high-dose corticosteroid (CS) therapy. However, evidence-based data are lacking regarding second-line therapy for steroid-resistant or steroid-dependent patients. Objectives We hypothesize that the interleukin (IL)-5 axis plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of DRESS; hence, inhibition of this signaling pathway could offer a potential therapy for steroid-dependent and/or steroid-resistant cases, and it may offer an alternative to CS therapy in certain patients more prone to CS toxicity. Methods Herein, we collected worldwide data on DRESS cases treated with biological agents targeting the IL-5 axis. We reviewed all cases indexed in PubMed up to October 2022 and performed a total analysis including our center experience with two additional novel cases. Results A review of the literature yielded 14 patients with DRESS who were treated with biological agents targeting the IL-5 axis as well as our two new cases. Reported patients are characterized by a female-to-male ratio of 1:1 and a mean age of 51.8 (17-87) years. The DRESS-inducing drugs, as expected from the prospective RegiSCAR study, were mostly antibiotics (7/16), as follows: vancomycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, and cefepime. DRESS patients were treated with anti-IL-5 agents (mepolizumab and reslizumab) or anti-IL-5 receptor (IL-5R) biologics (benralizumab). All patients have clinically improved under anti-IL-5/IL-5R biologics. Multiple doses of mepolizumab were needed to achieve clinical resolution, whereas a single dose of benralizumab was often sufficient. Relapse was noted in one patient receiving benralizumab treatment. One patient receiving benralizumab had a fatal outcome, although mortality was probably related to massive bleeding and cardiac arrest due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Conclusion Current treatment guidelines for DRESS are based on case reports and expert opinion. Understanding the central role of eosinophils in DRESS pathogenicity emphasizes the need for future implementation of IL-5 axis blockade as steroid-sparing agents, potential therapy to steroid-resistant cases, and perhaps an alternative to CS treatment in certain DRESS patients more prone to CS toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limor Rubin
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Aviv Talmon
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yaarit Ribak
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Asa Kessler
- Department of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yossi Martin
- Psychiatric Department, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tal Keidar Haran
- Department of Pathology, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Oded Shamriz
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- *Correspondence: Oded Shamriz, ; Yuval Tal,
| | - Irit Adini
- Department of Surgery, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yuval Tal
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- *Correspondence: Oded Shamriz, ; Yuval Tal,
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Vongsachang H, Bleicher ID, Reshef ER, Stagner AM, Wolkow N. Wells Syndrome Presenting as Atypical Periorbital Cellulitis. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2022; 38:e167-e170. [PMID: 35699219 DOI: 10.1097/iop.0000000000002220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A 62-year-old man presented with diffuse, painless, left-sided preseptal edema, erythema, and woody induration extending to the left temple. The induration generated an orbital compartment syndrome with markedly elevated intraocular pressure necessitating lateral canthotomy and cantholysis. Although atypical for an infectious etiology, empiric broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics were initiated with no improvement. A tissue biopsy demonstrated extensive perivascular and interstitial eosinophils with focal flame figures, and the patient was diagnosed with a severe hypersensitivity reaction or eosinophilic cellulitis (Wells syndrome). The disease process remitted rapidly upon initiation of oral prednisone. Wells syndrome is a rare inflammatory eosinophilic dermatosis, most often presenting in the limbs and trunk, with few reports of facial and periorbital involvement. This case highlights the importance of considering Wells syndrome in the differential diagnosis of atypical periorbital cellulitis that is nonresponsive to antibiotics and reviews the clinicopathologic nature of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isaac D Bleicher
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edith R Reshef
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anna M Stagner
- David G. Cogan Laboratory of Ophthalmic Pathology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Natalie Wolkow
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- David G. Cogan Laboratory of Ophthalmic Pathology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
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Terto WDS, Moura MQD, Borchardt JL, Santos FDS, Avila LFDC, Pinheiro NB, Leite FPL, Villela MM, Berne MEA. Cyclosporine A increases the intensity of Toxocara canis infection in swiss mice. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 82:e260199. [PMID: 36134869 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.260199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxocariasis is a zoonotic disease of worldwide distribution. The connection between parasitic diseases and conditions that depress the immune system, such as the use of immunosuppressive drugs, has been studied. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Cyclosporine A (CsA) on the intensity of infection, humoral response and gene transcription of interleukins IL-4, IL-10 and IL-12 in mice experimentally infected with Toxocara canis. To this end, mice were divided into two groups treated with CsA (G1: 10 mg/Kg and G2: 50 mg/kg), the G3 and G4 group received PBS. After the last administration of the drug or PBS (orally every 48 hours for 15 days), groups G1, G2 and G3 were inoculated with 1200 eggs of T. canis. Was collected blood samples on days zero, 15 and 30 days post-inoculation (PI), for ELISA test and the mice were euthanized 30 days PI. The organs and striated muscle tissue were collected for the recovery of larvae. The splenocytes were analyzed by RT-PCR. The intensity of infection in the mice treated with 50 mg/kg of CsA was 65.5% higher than in the control group (p=0.001). An analysis of the kinetics of anti-Toxocara antibody revealed that the groups treated with CsA showed significantly higher mean levels of antibodies on day 15 PI. The transcription of the three tested interleukins showed no statistical difference between G2 and G3 (control). It was concluded that the immunosuppression triggered by CsA (50 mg/Kg) favored the establishment of a larger number of T. canis larvae without, however, altering immunoglobulin production and IL-4, IL-10 and IL-12 transcription on day 30 PI.
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Affiliation(s)
- W D S Terto
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Institute of Biology, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Post-Graduate Program in Microbiology and Parasitology, University Campus of Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - M Q de Moura
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Institute of Biology, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Post-Graduate Program in Microbiology and Parasitology, University Campus of Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - J L Borchardt
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Institute of Biology, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Post-Graduate Program in Microbiology and Parasitology, University Campus of Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - F D S Santos
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Institute of Biology, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Post-Graduate Program in Microbiology and Parasitology, University Campus of Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - L F da Costa Avila
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Area of the University Hospital, Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences - Parasitology Laboratory, Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
| | - N B Pinheiro
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Institute of Biology, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Post-Graduate Program in Microbiology and Parasitology, University Campus of Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - F P Leivas Leite
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Biotechnology Center, Post-Graduate Program in biotechnology, University Campus of Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - M M Villela
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Institute of Biology, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Post-Graduate Program in Microbiology and Parasitology, University Campus of Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - M E A Berne
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Institute of Biology, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Post-Graduate Program in Microbiology and Parasitology, University Campus of Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
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Ghosh K, Ghosh K. Monoclonal antibodies used for the management of haematological disorders. Expert Rev Hematol 2022; 15:443-455. [PMID: 35504000 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2022.2073213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Monoclonal antibodies Ab (MoAb) are increasingly becoming part of therapeutic armamentarium for haematologists and haemato-oncologists. This review brings together commonly used antibodies in one place for brevity and novel understanding. AREAS COVERED Pubmed and Scopus databases were explored focusing on MoAb in clinical haematological practice. Emphasis was given to current review articles. The data base was searched from 1997 till present. 24 different antibodies, most of which are in use were discussed. Antibodies are used for diverse conditions i.e. malignant and benign haematological conditions, treatment at various phases of stem cell transplantation. These antibodies were used both alone or in combination with various chemotherapy, targeted small molecules or as immunoconjugates. Some of the side effect profiles of these antibodies were common and some were unique. Unusual infections or organ dysfunctions were noted. Improved function of antibodies by protein engineering is also advancing rapidly. Dosage, frequency and route of administration depended on the convenience and condition for which the antibody is used. EXPERT OPINION : MoAbs are increasingly used in haematology practice either alone or in combination with other types of therapy for improved out come in various haematological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanjaksha Ghosh
- National Institute of Immunohaematology. 13th fl. KEM Hospital MS Building, Parel, Mumbai 400012. India
| | - Kinjalka Ghosh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry , Tata Memorial Hospital. & Homi Bhaba National Institute. Parel, Mumbai 400012.India
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Larsen LD, Dockstader K, Olbrich CL, Cartwright IM, Spencer LA. Modulation of surface CD11c expression tracks plasticity in murine intestinal tissue eosinophils. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 111:943-952. [PMID: 35141942 PMCID: PMC9829035 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3hi0821-432rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal eosinophils are implicated in the inflammatory pathology of eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases and inflammatory bowel diseases. Eosinophils also contribute to intestinal immunologic and tissue homeostasis and host defense. Recent studies in allergic airway disease suggest functional subphenotypes of eosinophils may underly their pathogenic versus protective roles. However, subphenotypes of intestinal eosinophils have not been defined and are complicated by their constitutive expression of the putative eosinophil inflammatory marker CD11c. Here, we propose a framework for subphenotype characterization of intestinal eosinophils based on relative intensity of surface CD11c expression. Using this flow cytometry framework in parallel with histology and BrdU tracing, we characterize intestinal eosinophil subphenotypes and monitor their plasticity at baseline and within the context of acute allergic and chronic systemic inflammation. Data reveal a conserved continuum of CD11c expression amongst intestinal eosinophils in health and acute disease states that overall tracked with other markers of activation. Oral allergen challenge induced recruitment of eosinophils into small intestinal lamina propria surrounding crypts, followed by in situ induction of CD11c expression in parallel with eosinophil redistribution into intestinal villi. Allergen challenge also elicited eosinophil transepithelial migration and the appearance of CD11clo CD11bhi eosinophils in the intestinal lumen. Chronic inflammation driven by overexpression of TNFα led to a qualitative shift in the relative abundance of CD11c-defined eosinophil subphenotypes favoring CD11chi -expressing eosinophils. These findings provide new insights into heterogeneity of intestinal tissue eosinophils and offer a framework for measuring and tracking eosinophil subphenotype versatility in situ in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigha D. Larsen
- Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, Digestive Health Institute, Children’s Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA,Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Karen Dockstader
- Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, Digestive Health Institute, Children’s Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA,Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Courtney L. Olbrich
- Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, Digestive Health Institute, Children’s Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA,Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA,GI and Liver Innate Immune Program (GALIIP), and Mucosal Inflammation Program (MIP), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Ian M. Cartwright
- GI and Liver Innate Immune Program (GALIIP), and Mucosal Inflammation Program (MIP), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA,Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA,Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Lisa A. Spencer
- Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, Digestive Health Institute, Children’s Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA,Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA,GI and Liver Innate Immune Program (GALIIP), and Mucosal Inflammation Program (MIP), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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12
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Chen M, Xu M, Lei X, Zhang B. Efficacy of Endoscopic Posterior Nasal Neurectomy in Treating Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2021; 84:347-351. [PMID: 34929698 DOI: 10.1159/000519724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent guidelines have revealed that eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) exhibits a strong tendency for recurrence after surgery and impairs quality of life. Neuropeptides play an important neuroimmunological role. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of posterior nasal neurectomy (PNN) for the treatment of ECRS by inhibiting type 2 cytokine expression. METHODS Forty-six patients were divided into group A and group B according to a random number table. Group A underwent conventional functional endoscopic sinusitis surgery (FESS) combined with PNN, and group B underwent conventional FESS alone. The subjective and objective symptoms included a 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS), 22-item SinoNasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) score, nasal speculum Lund-Kennedy score, and paranasal sinus computed tomography (CT) Lund-Mackay score at the 1-year postoperative follow-up. RESULTS Postoperative VAS (10.33 ± 2.18 vs. 8.38 ± 2.11, p < 0.01) and Lund-Kennedy score (1.95 ± 1.32 vs. 3.14 ± 1.35, p < 0.01) were significantly improved. The rhinorrhea score (1.76 ± 0.83 vs. 2.90 ± 1.14, p < 0.001) in the VAS and the discharge (0.43 ± 0.51, vs. 0.95 ± 0.67, p < 0.01) and edema (0.57 ± 0.60 vs. 0.95 ± 0.59, p < 0.05) scores in the Lund-Kennedy score were observed to have improved significantly in group A compared with those in group B. CONCLUSIONS FESS combined with PNN suppresses edema symptoms, which might significantly decrease the surgical recurrence rate of ECRS in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ningbo Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, 3rd Clinical Medical School of Zhejiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ningbo, China
| | - Xuefeng Lei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ningbo Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, 3rd Clinical Medical School of Zhejiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ningbo, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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13
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Kawabata H, Satoh M, Yatera K. Development of Rheumatoid Arthritis During Anti-Interleukin-5 Therapy in a Patient with Refractory Chronic Eosinophilic Pneumonia. J Asthma Allergy 2021; 14:1425-1430. [PMID: 34858033 PMCID: PMC8631983 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s342993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To report the case of a patient with refractory chronic eosinophilic pneumonia who developed rheumatoid arthritis during anti-interleukin (IL)-5 therapy. Case Report The case of a 66-year-old male ex-smoker with allergic rhinitis who had dyspnea and chronic cough for 6 months and who was ultimately diagnosed with chronic eosinophilic pneumonia is reported. Long-term corticosteroid therapy was necessary due to recurrence of the chronic eosinophilic pneumonia during tapering of the corticosteroid. As a steroid sparing strategy, mepolizumab was initiated, and the steroid was tapered gradually. When the dose of prednisolone was 2 mg/day, he developed polyarthralgia. Mepolizumab was changed to benralizumab considering the possibility that arthralgia was a side effect of mepolizumab; however, the arthralgia continued and he was ultimately diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. Methotrexate was initiated and his arthritis improved. Thereafter, benralizumab was discontinued after 5 injections, and he subsequently required neither systemic corticosteroids nor biologics. Conclusion The present case may suggest that suppression of IL-5 induces rheumatoid arthritis in certain patients; however, it is also possible that initial steroid therapy improved subclinical RA and made it remain undiagnosed, and the parallel OCS tapering during IL-5 therapy could have contributed to unveil the underlying RA. Further studies are required to establish guidelines on the optimum use of anti-IL-5 therapy and to understand the interactions between chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, anti-IL-5 therapy, tapering of corticosteroid and development of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kawabata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Minoru Satoh
- Department of Clinical Nursing, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yatera
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
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14
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Effective Management of Severe Asthma with Biologic Medications in Adult Patients: A Literature Review and International Expert Opinion. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2021; 10:422-432. [PMID: 34763123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Severe asthma often remains uncontrolled despite effective treatments and evidence-based guidelines. A group of global experts in asthma and biologic medications from 9 countries considered the most relevant clinical variables to manage severe asthma in adult patients and guide treatment choice. The resulting recommendations address the investigation of biomarker levels (blood eosinophil count along with fractional concentration of exhaled nitric oxide [FeNO]), clinical features (oral corticosteroid [OCS] dependence, specific comorbid disease entities associated with severe type 2 asthma), and safety considerations. Current evidence suggests that biomarkers, including both blood or sputum eosinophil counts as well as FeNO, add prognostic and predictive value and should be measured in all patients with severe asthma. OCS use is an important factor in biologic selection, especially given the documented ability of some biologics to reduce OCS dependence. Comorbid diseases and relevant safety considerations to each biologic should also be considered. More data are needed to determine whether biomarker profiles identify patients suited to one biologic versus another as limited data support differential predictors of response. Further prospective head-to-head trials and post hoc analyses of clinical trial data are warranted. The authors believe that these recommendations have value as they offer expert opinion to assist health care providers in making difficult decisions regarding the quality of care in severe, type 2 asthma with biologic medications. They remain conditional and are based on limited data owing to a lack of head-to-head comparisons.
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15
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Medina AL, Troendle DM, Park JY, Thaker A, Dunbar KB, Cheng E. Eosinophilic esophagitis, Barrett's esophagus and esophageal neoplasms in the pediatric patient: a narrative review. Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 6:32. [PMID: 34423153 DOI: 10.21037/tgh-20-223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There are several esophageal disorders that can occur in the pediatric population. Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an eosinophil predominant inflammatory disease of the esophagus that was first characterized in the early 1900's. EoE is the most common pediatric esophageal inflammatory condition after gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Longstanding GERD is a known risk factor for the development of Barrett's esophagus (BE) in both children and adults. BE is associated with the development of dysplasia and, if left undiagnosed, may progress to the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). EAC and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) comprise the majority of childhood esophageal malignant neoplasms. The prevalence of EoE continues to rise within the pediatric population. On the other hand, both BE and esophageal neoplasms remain extremely rare in children. The relationship between a chronic inflammatory condition like EoE to BE and/or esophageal neoplasms remains unclear. The current research of these disease entities is prioritized to further understanding the disease pathogenesis and disease progression, exploring new diagnostic modalities, and developing novel treatments or less invasive therapeutic options. The focus of the following narrative review is to provide a summary of the current clinical practices, future research and their implications on these various esophageal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette L Medina
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Health Medical Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - David M Troendle
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Health Medical Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jason Y Park
- Department of Pathology, Children's Health Medical Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ameet Thaker
- Department of Pathology, Children's Health Medical Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kerry B Dunbar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Esophageal Diseases Center, Dallas VA Medical Center, VA North Texas Healthcare System, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Edaire Cheng
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Health Medical Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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16
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Taimeh Z, Tang WHW. New Advances and Ongoing Challenges in the Use of Biologic Agents in Cardiac Sarcoidosis and Other Inflammatory Cardiomyopathies. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11936-021-00918-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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Wu AC, Fuhlbrigge AL, Robayo MA, Shaker M. Cost-Effectiveness of Biologics for Allergic Diseases. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2020; 9:1107-1117.e2. [PMID: 33069886 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of specific humanized monoclonal antibodies over the past 20 years has dramatically changed the treatment of allergic diseases. At present, 5 mAbs are licensed for treating moderate to severe allergic and eosinophilic asthma, atopic dermatitis, chronic spontaneous urticaria, chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps, and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Given the high costs of biologics, understanding their cost-effectiveness is critical. As new biologics are developed and new indications are approved for existing biologics, the use of biologics for allergic diseases will increase. Conducting cost-effectiveness evaluations in parallel to efficacy and effectiveness trials will help patients, providers, payers, and policymakers in decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Chen Wu
- Center for Healthcare Research in Pediatrics, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Mass.
| | - Anne L Fuhlbrigge
- Pulmonary Science and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo
| | - Maria Acosta Robayo
- Center for Healthcare Research in Pediatrics, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Mass
| | - Marcus Shaker
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Section of Allergy and Immunology, Lebanon, NH; Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Departments of Pediatrics, of Medicine, and of Community and Family Medicine, Hanover, NH
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Caminati M, Crisafulli E, Lunardi C, Micheletto C, Festi G, Maule M, Giollo A, Orsolini G, Senna G. Mepolizumab 100 mg in severe asthmatic patients with EGPA in remission phase. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2020; 9:1386-1388. [PMID: 33011303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Caminati
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy.
| | - Ernesto Crisafulli
- Department of Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Unit and Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona and Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Lunardi
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Micheletto
- Cardio-Thoracic Department, Respiratory Unit, Integrated University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Giuliana Festi
- Cardio-Thoracic Department, Respiratory Unit, Integrated University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Matteo Maule
- Department of Medicine, Specialization Course in Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Giollo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Orsolini
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Gianenrico Senna
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy; Allergy Unit and Asthma Center, Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
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Ramdas B, Mali RS, Palam LR, Pandey R, Cai Z, Pasupuleti SK, Burns SS, Kapur R. Driver Mutations in Leukemia Promote Disease Pathogenesis through a Combination of Cell-Autonomous and Niche Modulation. Stem Cell Reports 2020; 15:95-109. [PMID: 32502465 PMCID: PMC7363747 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have led to the identification of mutations that affect different cellular pathways. Some of these have been classified as preleukemic, and a stepwise evolution program whereby cells acquire additional mutations has been proposed in the development of AML. How the timing of acquisition of these mutations and their impact on transformation and the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment occurs has only recently begun to be investigated. We show that constitutive and early loss of the epigenetic regulator, TET2, when combined with constitutive activation of FLT3, results in transformation of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia-like or myeloproliferative neoplasm-like phenotype to AML, which is more pronounced in double-mutant mice relative to mice carrying mutations in single genes. Furthermore, we show that in preleukemic and leukemic mice there are alterations in the BM niche and secreted cytokines, which creates a permissive environment for the growth of mutation-bearing cells relative to normal cells. Ubiquitous loss of Tet2 followed by expression of Flt3ITD/ITD results in lethal AML Tet2−/− cells when exposed to leukemic environment manifest MPN-like features Hyperproliferation of Flt3ITD donor cells in preleukemic Tet2−/− microenvironment
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Affiliation(s)
- Baskar Ramdas
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, R4, 1044 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Raghuveer Singh Mali
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, R4, 1044 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Lakshmi Reddy Palam
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, R4, 1044 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ruchi Pandey
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, R4, 1044 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Zhigang Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, R4, 1044 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Santhosh Kumar Pasupuleti
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, R4, 1044 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sarah S Burns
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, R4, 1044 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Reuben Kapur
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, R4, 1044 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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