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Mohamed AS, Abdel-Fattah DS, Abdel-Aleem GA, El-Sheikh TF, Elbatch MM. Biochemical study of the effect of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosome versus L-Dopa in experimentally induced Parkinson's disease in rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:2795-2811. [PMID: 36966421 PMCID: PMC10627934 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04700-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and ongoing neurological condition. Unfortunately, as the dopaminergic terminals continue to deteriorate, the effectiveness of anti-Parkinson therapy decreases. This study aimed to examine the effects of BM-MSCs-derived exosomes in rats induced with Parkinson's disease. The goal was to determine their potential for neurogenic repair and functional restoration. Forty male albino rats were divided into four groups: control (group I), PD (group II), PD-L-Dopa (group III), and PD-exosome (group IV). Motor tests, histopathological examinations, and immunohistochemistry for tyrosine hydroxylase were performed on brain tissue. The levels of α-synuclein, DJ-1, PARKIN, circRNA.2837, and microRNA-34b were measured in brain homogenates. Rotenone induced motor deficits and neuronal alterations. Groups (III) and (IV) showed improvement in motor function, histopathology, α-synuclein, PARKIN, and DJ-1 compared to group (II). Group (IV) showed improvement in microRNA-34b and circRNA.2837 compared to groups (III) and (II). MSC-derived exosomes showed a greater suppression of neurodegenerative disease (ND) compared to L-Dopa in Parkinson's patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa S Mohamed
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El-Geish Street, Tanta, El Gharbia, Egypt.
| | - Dina S Abdel-Fattah
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ghada A Abdel-Aleem
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El-Geish Street, Tanta, El Gharbia, Egypt
| | - Thanaa F El-Sheikh
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El-Geish Street, Tanta, El Gharbia, Egypt
| | - Manal M Elbatch
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El-Geish Street, Tanta, El Gharbia, Egypt
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Germinated brown rice protects against glutamate toxicity in HT22 hippocampal neurons through the jnk-mediated apoptotic pathway via the GABA A receptor. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2022; 14:38-49. [PMID: 36590249 PMCID: PMC9800259 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-apoptosis effect of germinated brown rice (GBR) focusing on differentiated HT22 cells results in improved nutritional values after the germination process of GBR which contains total phenolic compounds and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Cell death induced by 5 mM glutamate was investigated for 24 h to determine whether GBR mediates cell death through GABA receptors by using antagonists. The results showed that GBR (100 µg/ml) suppressed glutamate-induced cytotoxicity and caused arrest at the G1/S phase of the cell cycle in differentiated HT22 cells. Furthermore, GBR significantly decreased the expression level of c-Jun, while its active form, p-c-Jun, is the downstream product of the JNK-mediated apoptotic pathway and causes subsequent cell death. In addition, bicuculline (12.5 nM), a GABAA antagonist, could eliminate GBR effects, but phaclofen (1 mM), a GABAB antagonist, could not. Surprisingly, GBR exhibited a better neuroprotective effect than a pure commercial GABA compound (0.115 µM). These results indicated that GBR possessed high anti-apoptotic activity and inhibited cell death in differentiated HT22 cells by perturbing re-entry of the cell cycle and apoptosis via the GABAA receptor. Hence, GBR could be further used as a valuable nutritional compound to prevent apoptosis-induced neurodegenerative diseases.
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Key Words
- AMPA, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid
- Apoptosis
- Bic, bicuculline
- Cell cycle
- Differentiated HT22 cells
- GABA, gamma-aminobutyric acid
- GABAA receptor
- GABRG2, GABAA receptor (γ2 subunit)
- GBR
- GBR, germinated brown rice
- Glu, glutamate
- HT22, mouse hippocampal neuronal cell line
- JNKs
- JNKs, c-Jun N-terminal kinases
- MAPKs, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- NMDA, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors
- Pha, phaclofen
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
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Oliveira MEAS, Coimbra PPS, Galdeano MC, Carvalho CWP, Takeiti CY. How does germinated rice impact starch structure, products and nutrional evidences? – A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Kumar S, Kumar P. The Beneficial Effect of Rice Bran Extract Against Rotenone-Induced Experimental Parkinson's Disease in Rats. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 14:428-438. [PMID: 33573588 DOI: 10.2174/1874467214666210126113324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodegenerative diseases have become an increasing cause of various disabilities worldwide, followed by aging, including Parkinson's disease (PD). Parkinson's disease is a degenerative brain disorder distinguished by growing motor & non-motor failure due to the degeneration of medium-sized spiked neurons in the striatum region. Rotenone is often employed to originate the animal model of PD. It is a powerful blocker of mitochondrial complex-I, mitochondrial electron transport chain that reliably produces Parkinsonism-like symptoms in rats. Rice bran (RB) is very rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and nutritionally beneficial compounds, such as γ-oryzanol, tocopherols, and tocotrienols and sterols are believed to have favorable outcomes on oxidative stress & mitochondrial function. OBJECTIVE The present study has been designed to explore RB extract's effect against rotenone-induced neurotoxicity in rats. METHODS In the present study, Rotenone (2 mg/kg, s.c) was administered systemically for 28 days. The hexane extract of RB was prepared using Soxhlation. Hexane extract (250 & 500 mg/kg) was administered per oral for 28 days in rotenone-treated groups. Behavioral parameters (grip strength, motor coordination, locomotion, and catalepsy) were conducted on the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th day. Animals were sacrificed on the 29th day for biochemical estimation in the striatum and cortex. RESULTS This study demonstrates significant alteration in behavioral parameters, oxidative burden (increased lipid peroxidation, nitrite concentration, and decreased glutathione, catalase, SOD) in rotenone-treated animals. Administration of hexane extract of RB prevented the behavioral, biochemical alterations induced by rotenone. The current research has been sketched to inspect RB extract's effect against rotenone-developed neurotoxicity in rats. CONCLUSION The findings support that PD is associated with impairments in motor activity. The results also suggest that the nutraceutical rice bran that contains γ-oryzanol, Vitamin-E, ferulic acid etc., may underlie the adjuvant susceptibility towards rotenone-induced PD in experimental rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Puneet Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab, India
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Mohammed NA, Abdou HM, Tass MA, Alfwuaires M, Abdel-Moneim AM, Essawy AE. Oral Supplements of <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> Extract Alleviate Neuroinflammation, Oxidative Impairments and Neurotoxicity in Rotenone-Induced Parkinsonian Rats. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 21:1259-1268. [PMID: 32196446 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200320135849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) is known to contain several bioactive compounds and exhibits free radical scavenging activity. Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons and is associated with oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and apoptosis. OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of GbE in a rat model of PD induced by rotenone (ROT; a neurotoxin). METHODS Twenty-four male albino rats were randomly divided into four groups of six rats each: normal control, GbE treated, toxin control (ROT treated) and GbE+ROT group. RESULTS Oral administration of ROT (2.5 mg/kg b.w.) for 50 days caused an increased generation of lipid peroxidation products and significant depletion of reduced glutathione, total thiol content and activities of enzymatic antioxidants, i.e., superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the brains of treated rats. Furthermore, ROT caused an elevation in acetylcholinesterase, interleukin-1β, interleukin- 6 and tumor necrosis factor-α and a significant reduction in dopamine in the stratum and substantia nigra. Immunohistochemical results illustrated that ROT treatment reduced the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). GbE treatment (150 mg/kg b.w./day) significantly reduced the elevated oxidative stress markers and proinflammatory cytokines and restored the reduced antioxidant enzyme activities, DA level and TH expression. These results were confirmed by histological observations that clearly indicated a neuroprotective effect of GbE against ROT-induced PD. CONCLUSION GbE mitigated ROT-induced PD via the inhibition of free-radical production, scavenging of ROS, and antioxidant enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nema A Mohammed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Heba M Abdou
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mona A Tass
- Faculty of Art and Science- Badr, Al-Jabal Al-Gharbi University, Gherian, Libya
| | - Manal Alfwuaires
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf-31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Amina E Essawy
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Oo EM, Ruamyod K, Khowawisetsut L, Turbpaiboon C, Chaisuksunt V, Uawithya P, Pholphana N, Rangkadilok N, Chompoopong S. Germinated Brown Rice Attenuates Cell Death in Vascular Cognitive Impaired Mice and Glutamate-Induced Toxicity In HT22 Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:5093-5106. [PMID: 32275827 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Germinated brown rice (GBR) with unpolishing, soaking, and germinating processes can improve the texture, flavor, and nutritional value, including GABA and phenolic contents. The effect of GBR was first investigated in vascular cognitive impaired mice and glutamate-induced toxicity in HT22 cells with respect to standard pure GABA. Feeding mice with GBR for 5 weeks showed neuroprotection. In this study, the modified bilateral common carotid artery occlusion mice model was mild but a significant difference in cognitive impairment was still shown. Like pure GABA, GBR decreased cognitive deficits in memory behavioral tests and significantly attenuated hippocampal neuronal cell death at P < 0.001. Similarly to 0.125 μM of GABA, 100 μg/mL of GBR increased HT22 cell viability after glutamate toxicity. GBR affected less apoptotic cell death and less blocking by the GABAA antangonist bicuculline in comparison to GABA. When the results are taken together, the underlying mechanism of GBR protection may mediate though the GABAA receptor and its phenolic contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve Mon Oo
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Katesirin Ruamyod
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Ladawan Khowawisetsut
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Chairat Turbpaiboon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Vipavadee Chaisuksunt
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Panapat Uawithya
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Nanthanit Pholphana
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Chulabhorn Research Institute (CRI), Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Nuchanart Rangkadilok
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Chulabhorn Research Institute (CRI), Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Supin Chompoopong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
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7
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Sen S, Chakraborty R, Kalita P. Rice - not just a staple food: A comprehensive review on its phytochemicals and therapeutic potential. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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8
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Mohd Sairazi NS, Sirajudeen KNS. Natural Products and Their Bioactive Compounds: Neuroprotective Potentials against Neurodegenerative Diseases. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:6565396. [PMID: 32148547 PMCID: PMC7042511 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6565396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, natural products, which originate from plants, animals, and fungi, together with their bioactive compounds have been intensively explored and studied for their therapeutic potentials for various diseases such as cardiovascular, diabetes, hypertension, reproductive, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are characterized by the progressive dysfunction and loss of neuronal structure and function that resulted in the neuronal cell death. Since the multifactorial pathological mechanisms are associated with neurodegeneration, targeting multiple mechanisms of actions and neuroprotection approach, which involves preventing cell death and restoring the function to damaged neurons, could be promising strategies for the prevention and therapeutic of neurodegenerative diseases. Natural products have emerged as potential neuroprotective agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. This review focused on the therapeutic potential of natural products and their bioactive compounds to exert a neuroprotective effect on the pathologies of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Shafika Mohd Sairazi
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Medical Campus, Jalan Sultan Mahmud, 20400 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - K. N. S. Sirajudeen
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
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9
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Meligy FY, Elgamal DA, Abd Allah ESH, Idriss NK, Ghandour NM, Bayoumy EMR, Khalil ASA, El Fiky MM, Elkhashab M. Testing alternatives: the use of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to slow neurodegeneration in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:5841-5858. [PMID: 31396803 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05018-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of anti-Parkinson treatments gradually diminishes owing to the progressive degeneration of the dopaminergic terminals. The research described here investigated the effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSC) versus that of an anti-Parkinson drug in a rat model of Parkinsonism. Forty adult rats were divided into four equal groups, each group receiving a different treatment: vehicle, rotenone, rotenone + AD-MSC, or rotenone + carbidopa/levodopa. Behavioral tests were carried out before and at the end of the treatment and specimens harvested from the midbrain were processed for light and electron microscopy. Genetic expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and Nestin mRNA was assessed. Expression of the Lamin-B1 and Vimentin genes was measured, along with plasma levels of Angiopoietin-2 and dopamine. Treatment with rotenone induced pronounced motor deficits, as well as neuronal and glial alterations. The AD-MSC group showed improvements in motor function in the live animals and in the microscopic picture presented by their tissues. The fold change of both genes (GFAP and Nestin) decreased significantly in the AD-MSC and carbidopa/levodopa groups compared to the group with Parkinson's disease. Plasma levels of Angiopoietin-2 and dopamine were significantly increased after treatment (P < 0.001) compared to levels in the rats with Parkinson's disease. AD-MSC reduced neuronal degeneration more efficiently than did the anti-Parkinson drug in a rat model of Parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Y Meligy
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Dalia A Elgamal
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Eman S H Abd Allah
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Naglaa K Idriss
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Nagwa M Ghandour
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ehab M R Bayoumy
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Azza Sayed Abdelrehim Khalil
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, KSA, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M El Fiky
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Elkhashab
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
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Saleh ASM, Wang P, Wang N, Yang L, Xiao Z. Brown Rice Versus White Rice: Nutritional Quality, Potential Health Benefits, Development of Food Products, and Preservation Technologies. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2019; 18:1070-1096. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S. M. Saleh
- College of Grain Science and TechnologyShenyang Normal Univ. Shenyang 110034 Liaoning China
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of AgricultureAssiut Univ. Assiut 71526 Egypt
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Grain Science and TechnologyShenyang Normal Univ. Shenyang 110034 Liaoning China
| | - Na Wang
- College of Grain Science and TechnologyShenyang Normal Univ. Shenyang 110034 Liaoning China
| | - Liu Yang
- College of Grain Science and TechnologyShenyang Normal Univ. Shenyang 110034 Liaoning China
| | - Zhigang Xiao
- College of Grain Science and TechnologyShenyang Normal Univ. Shenyang 110034 Liaoning China
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Neurotherapeutic Effects of Bee Venom in a Rotenone-Induced Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-019-09777-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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Li L, Li L, Zhou X, Yu Y, Li Z, Zuo D, Wu Y. Silver nanoparticles induce protective autophagy via Ca 2+/CaMKKβ/AMPK/mTOR pathway in SH-SY5Y cells and rat brains. Nanotoxicology 2019; 13:369-391. [PMID: 30729847 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2018.1550226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used for manufacturing products containing antibacterial agents, as well as food technologies such as edible films and food packaging. Routes of AgNPs exposure are principally derived by contacting with certain medical sprays, food, toothpaste, and purification products. Previously, we showed that AgNPs induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and promote apoptosis progression in SH-SY5Y cells; however, whether AgNP-induced ER stress is able to trigger autophagy in vivo and in vitro, and the role of autophagy in AgNP-induced cytotoxicity remain unclear. In the present study, we found that increased intracellular calcium (Ca2+) levels arising from AgNP-induced-ER stress resulted in activation of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ) and adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which downregulated the level of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and upregulated Beclin-1 to activate autophagy in SH-SY5Y cells. Specifically, inhibition of autophagy by the addition of chloroquine (CQ) or silencing of Beclin-1 significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of AgNPs, suggesting that autophagy plays a protective role in AgNP-induced cell apoptosis. Furthermore, we showed that oral administration of AgNPs for 28 continuous days induced ER stress-mediated apoptosis and autophagy in rats via activation of CaMKKβ and AMPK. In summary, this study is the first to report that AgNPs induce protective autophagy via a Ca2+/CaMKKβ/AMPK/mTOR pathway in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, public exposure to AgNPs should arouse concerns regarding environmental safety and human health. Highlight Silver nanoparticle-induced ER stress elicits protective autophagy via a Ca2+-dependent mechanism in SH-SY5Y cells. The Ca2+/CaMKKβ/AMPK/mTOR pathway is involved in autophagy. Orally administered silver nanoparticles induce ER stress-mediated autophagy and apoptosis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P.R.China.,b Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of College of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Lu Li
- c Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital) , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Xuejiao Zhou
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P.R.China
| | - Yang Yu
- d Liaoning Medical Device Test Institute , Shenyang , P.R. China
| | - Zengqiang Li
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P.R.China
| | - Daiying Zuo
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P.R.China
| | - Yingliang Wu
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P.R.China
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Zhang N, Dou D, Ran X, Kang T. Neuroprotective effect of arctigenin against neuroinflammation and oxidative stress induced by rotenone. RSC Adv 2018; 8:2280-2292. [PMID: 35541453 PMCID: PMC9077403 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra10906g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: the present study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of arctigenin, the major active component of a traditional Chinese medicine “Arctii Fructus”, against PD in a rat model induced by rotenone. Materials and methods: in the present study, rotenone was injected subcutaneously in the backs of rats to mimic the progressive neurodegenerative nature of PD and arctigenin was administered. Behavioral analyses including a grid test, bar test and open-field test were used to evaluate motor activities and behavioral movement abilities. Energy metabolism indexes including oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, heat production and energy expenditure were measured via a TSE phenoMaster/LabMaster animal monitoring system. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the staining of TH and the expression of α-synuclein in substantia nigra (SN). The effect of arctigenin on oxidative stress was evaluated by the levels of GSH and MDA, and activities of SOD and GSH-Px. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ and PGE2, the expression of Iba-1 and GFAP, and the impression of inflammatory mediators such as COX-2 and NF-κB in the SN were measured to evaluate the effect on the inflammation of SN area induced by rotenone. Results: compared with the ROT group, the deadlock time of rats treated with arctigenin was significantly shortened and the score of locomotor activity increased in the behavioral test; the number of TH+ positive DA neurons of the arctigenin treated group was increased and α-synuclein immunopositive was decreased; the level of GSH and activities of SOD and GSH-Px in the arctigenin-treated group were significantly increased; arctigenin administration induced a significant decrease in the MDA level; arctigenin also significantly decreased the levels of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ and PGE2 and reduced the impression of COX-2 and NF-κB in SN; treatment with arctigenin decreased microglia and astrocyte activation evidenced by the reduced expression of Iba-1 and GFAP. Conclusion: the findings demonstrated that arctigenin can improve the behavior changes of PD rats and the damage of DA neurons. The oxidative stress and inflammation involved in the pathogenesis of PD and arctigenin may protect DA neurons through its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The present study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of arctigenin, the major active component of a traditional Chinese medicine “Arctii Fructus”, against PD in a rat model induced by rotenone.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- College of Pharmacy
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Dalian 116600
- PR China
| | - Deqiang Dou
- College of Pharmacy
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Dalian 116600
- PR China
| | - Xiaoku Ran
- College of Pharmacy
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Dalian 116600
- PR China
| | - Tingguo Kang
- College of Pharmacy
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Dalian 116600
- PR China
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Fu Z, Zhao Y, Zhang K, Wang J, Zhang M, Zhao X. Age-Dependent Responses of Brain Myelin Integrity and Behavioral Performance to Radiation in Mice. Radiat Res 2017; 188:505-516. [PMID: 28937316 DOI: 10.1667/rr14732.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is widely used to treat primary and metastatic brain tumors, but it may also lead to delayed neurological complications. Oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system produce myelin, and myelin integrity becomes highly vulnerable after brain irradiation. In this study, mice at different developmental stages were used to test the age-dependent sensitivity of myelin formation and maintenance, as well as behavioral performance after whole-brain irradiation (WBI). Mice at postnatal days 21 and 28 and at 2 months received a single dose of 25 Gy WBI. Behavioral tests for general locomotor activity and motor coordination revealed an age-dependent response after WBI. Quantitative observation revealed a sharp decrease in the number of oligodendrocytes beginning at day 1 after WBI, which recovered during different observation intervals in white matter and gray matter in mice of different ages. Myelin basic protein (MBP) staining revealed disparate quantities in an age- and brain-region-dependent pattern between groups after WBI, which was confirmed using Black-Gold staining. In summary, the response to radiation in mice of different ages provided insight into the potential of oligogenesis in microenvironments at respective stages of myelin regeneration, which may reduce central nervous system impairment and optimize the prognosis after radiation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimeng Fu
- a Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032 China
| | - Yunfei Zhao
- a Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032 China.,b 93514 Hospital, Tangshan 064200 China
| | - Kaixiang Zhang
- a Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032 China
| | - Jian Wang
- a Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032 China
| | - Min Zhang
- a Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032 China
| | - Xianghui Zhao
- a Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032 China
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Yuan J, Ren J, Wang Y, He X, Zhao Y. Acteoside Binds to Caspase-3 and Exerts Neuroprotection in the Rotenone Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162696. [PMID: 27632381 PMCID: PMC5025188 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by the progressive degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) region. Acteoside has displayed multiple biological functions. Its potential role against PD and the underlying signaling mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we showed that oral administration of acteoside significantly attenuated parkinsonism symptoms in rotenone-induced PD rats. Further, acteoside inhibited rotenone-induced α-synuclein, caspase-3 upregulation and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) downregulation in PD rats. The molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation results indicated that acteoside may directly bind to and inhibit caspase-3. Acteoside formed hydrogen bonds with at least six residues of caspase-3: ThrA177, SerA178, GlyA238, SerB339, ArgB341 and TrpB348. In addition, a pi-pi interaction was formed between acteoside and caspase-3’s HisA237, which might further stabilize the complex. MD simulation results demonstrated that the binding affinity of the caspase-3-acteoside complex was higher than that of caspase-3 and its native ligand inhibitor. Together, we show that acteoside binds to caspase-3 and exerts neuroprotection in the rotenone rat model of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinpeng Ren
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy and Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao He
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy and Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuwu Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: ;
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