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Barssotti L, Soares GM, Marconato-Júnior E, Lourençoni Alves B, Oliveira KM, Carneiro EM, Boschero AC, Barbosa HCL. KSRP improves pancreatic beta cell function and survival. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6136. [PMID: 38480757 PMCID: PMC10937633 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55505-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Impaired insulin production and/or secretion by pancreatic beta cells can lead to high blood glucose levels and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Therefore, investigating new proteins involved in beta cell response to stress conditions could be useful in finding new targets for therapeutic approaches. KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KSRP) is a protein usually involved in gene expression due to its role in post-transcriptional regulation. Although there are studies describing the important role of KSRP in tissues closely related to glucose homeostasis, its effect on pancreatic beta cells has not been explored so far. Pancreatic islets from diet-induced obese mice (C57BL/6JUnib) were used to determine KSRP expression and we also performed in vitro experiments exposing INS-1E cells (pancreatic beta cell line) to different stressors (palmitate or cyclopiazonic acid-CPA) to induce cellular dysfunction. Here we show that KSRP expression is reduced in all the beta cell dysfunction models tested. In addition, when manipulated to knock down KSRP, beta cells exhibited increased death and impaired insulin secretion, whereas KSRP overexpression prevented cell death and increased insulin secretion. Taken together, our findings suggest that KSRP could be an important target to protect beta cells from impaired functioning and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Barssotti
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083864, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Moreira Soares
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083864, Brazil
| | - Emílio Marconato-Júnior
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083864, Brazil
| | - Bruna Lourençoni Alves
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083864, Brazil
| | - Kênia Moreno Oliveira
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083864, Brazil
| | - Everardo Magalhães Carneiro
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083864, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Boschero
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083864, Brazil
| | - Helena Cristina Lima Barbosa
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083864, Brazil.
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Liu W, Zhu M, Liu J, Su S, Zeng X, Fu F, Lu Y, Rao Z, Chen Y. Comparison of the effects of monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids on the lipotoxicity of islets. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1368853. [PMID: 38501107 PMCID: PMC10945794 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1368853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been reported to combat saturated fatty acid (SFA)-induced cellular damage, however, their clinical effects on patients with metabolic diseases such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia are still controversial. Since comparative studies of the effects of these two types of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) are still limited. In this study, we aimed to compare the protective effects of various UFAs on pancreatic islets under the stress of SFA-induced metabolic disorder and lipotoxicity. Methods Rat insulinoma cell line INS-1E were treated with palmitic acid (PA) with or without UFAs including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachidonic acid (AA), and oleic acid (OA) to determine cell viability, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and inflammatory. In vivo, male C57BL/6 mice were fed a 60% high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 w. Then the lard in HFD was partially replaced with fish oil (FO) and olive oil (OO) at low or high proportions of energy (5% or 20%) to observe the ameliorative effects of the UFA supplement. Results All UFAs significantly improved PA-induced cell viability impairment in INS-1E cells, and their alleviation on PA induced apoptosis, ER stress and inflammation were confirmed. Particularly, OA had better effects than EPA, DHA, and AA on attenuating cellular ER stress. In vivo, the diets with a low proportion of UFAs (5% of energy) had limited effects on HFD induced metabolic disorder, except for a slight improved intraperitoneal glucose tolerance in obese mice. However, when fed diets containing a high proportion of UFAs (20% of energy), both the FO and OO groups exhibited substantially improved glucose and lipid metabolism, such as decrease in total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and fasting blood insulin (FBI)) and improvement of insulin sensitivity evidenced by intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) and intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test (IPITT). Unexpectedly, FO resulted in abnormal elevation of the liver function index aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum. Pathologically, OO attenuated HFD-induced compensatory hyperplasia of pancreatic islets, while this effect was not obvious in the FO group. Conclusions Both MUFAs and PUFAs can effectively protect islet β cells from SFA-induced cellular lipotoxicity. In particular, both OA in vitro and OO in vivo showed superior activities on protecting islets function and enhance insulin sensitivity, suggesting that MUFAs might have greater potential for nutritional intervention on diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shan Su
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fudong Fu
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanrong Lu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyong Rao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Younan Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Qiu M, Zhou X, Zippi M, Goyal H, Basharat Z, Jagielski M, Hong W. Comprehensive review on the pathogenesis of hypertriglyceridaemia-associated acute pancreatitis. Ann Med 2023; 55:2265939. [PMID: 37813108 PMCID: PMC10563627 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2265939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known, that the inflammatory process that characterizes acute pancreatitis (AP) can lead to both pancreatic damage and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). During the last 20 years, there has been a growing incidence of episodes of acute pancreatitis associated with hypertriglyceridaemia (HTAP). This review provides an overview of triglyceride metabolism and the potential mechanisms that may contribute to developing or exacerbating HTAP. The article comprehensively discusses the various pathological roles of free fatty acid, inflammatory response mechanisms, the involvement of microcirculation, serum calcium overload, oxidative stress and the endoplasmic reticulum, genetic polymorphism, and gut microbiota, which are known to trigger or escalate this condition. Future perspectives on HTAP appear promising, with ongoing research focused on developing more specific and effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhao Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Maddalena Zippi
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Sandro Pertini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Hemant Goyal
- Department of Surgery, University of TX Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Mateusz Jagielski
- Department of General, Gastroenterological and Oncological Surgery, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland
| | - Wandong Hong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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Liu W, Zhu M, Gong M, Zheng W, Zeng X, Zheng Q, Li X, Fu F, Chen Y, Cheng J, Rao Z, Lu Y, Chen Y. Comparison of the Effects of Monounsaturated Fatty Acids and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Liver Lipid Disorders in Obese Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:3200. [PMID: 37513618 PMCID: PMC10386220 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a recognized epidemic worldwide, and the accumulation of excess free saturated fatty acids (SFAs) in cells induces cellular lipotoxic damage and increases the risk of a wide spectrum of metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes (T2D) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been reported to combat SFA-induced cellular damage. However, the comparative studies of the two types of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) are still limited. We investigated the effects of different MUFAs and PUFAs in the human hepatocyte line L-02 cells in vitro, and in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obese C57BL/6 mice in vivo. The results of the in vitro study showed that SFAs induced significant cellular lipotoxic damage, but the combination of MUFAs/PUFAs with SFAs significantly improved the impaired cell viability. Particularly, oleic acid (OA) was superior to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and arachidonic acid (AA) in terms of its anti-apoptotic effect and inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In vivo, both olive-oil-enriched (HFD + OO) and fish-oil-enriched high-fat diets (HFD + FO) reduced hepatic steatosis and improved insulin sensitivity in obese mice. However, FO induced an abnormal increase in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and an increase in the oxidative stress indicator Malondialdehyde (MDA). Liver-targeted lipidomic analysis showed that liver lipid metabolites under the two types of UFA dietary interventions differed from the HFD group, modulating the abundance of some lipid metabolites such as triglycerides (TGs) and glycerophospholipids. Furthermore, the FO diet significantly increased the abundance of the associated FA 20:5 long-chain lipid metabolites, whereas the OO diet regulated the unsaturation of all fatty acids in general and increased the abundance of FA 18:1 in the overall lipid metabolites, especially TGs, which may primarily contribute to the FO, and OO drove protection in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Meng Gong
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Technology Platform, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wen Zheng
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Technology Platform, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qing Zheng
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Fudong Fu
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Yingyi Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jingqiu Cheng
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Zhiyong Rao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanrong Lu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Younan Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
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Santa-María C, López-Enríquez S, Montserrat-de la Paz S, Geniz I, Reyes-Quiroz ME, Moreno M, Palomares F, Sobrino F, Alba G. Update on Anti-Inflammatory Molecular Mechanisms Induced by Oleic Acid. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15010224. [PMID: 36615882 PMCID: PMC9824542 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2010, the Mediterranean diet was recognized by UNESCO as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Olive oil is the most characteristic food of this diet due to its high nutraceutical value. The positive effects of olive oil have often been attributed to its minor components; however, its oleic acid (OA) content (70-80%) is responsible for its many health properties. OA is an effective biomolecule, although the mechanism by which OA mediates beneficial physiological effects is not fully understood. OA influences cell membrane fluidity, receptors, intracellular signaling pathways, and gene expression. OA may directly regulate both the synthesis and activities of antioxidant enzymes. The anti-inflammatory effect may be related to the inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines and the activation of anti-inflammatory ones. The best-characterized mechanism highlights OA as a natural activator of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). Oleoylethanolamide (OEA), derived from OA, is an endogenous ligand of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) nuclear receptor. OEA regulates dietary fat intake and energy homeostasis and has therefore been suggested to be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of obesity. OEA has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The beneficial effects of olive oil may be related to the actions of OEA. New evidence suggests that oleic acid may influence epigenetic mechanisms, opening a new avenue in the exploration of therapies based on these mechanisms. OA can exert beneficial anti-inflammatory effects by regulating microRNA expression. In this review, we examine the cellular reactions and intracellular processes triggered by OA in T cells, macrophages, and neutrophils in order to better understand the immune modulation exerted by OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consuelo Santa-María
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.S.-M.); (S.L.-E.)
| | - Soledad López-Enríquez
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica, Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.S.-M.); (S.L.-E.)
| | - Sergio Montserrat-de la Paz
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica, Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Isabel Geniz
- Distrito Sanitario Seville Norte y Aljarafe, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, 41008 Seville, Spain
| | - María Edith Reyes-Quiroz
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica, Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Manuela Moreno
- Departamento de Farmacia y Nutrición, Hospital Costa del Sol, 29603 Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisca Palomares
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica, Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Francisco Sobrino
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica, Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Alba
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica, Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
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Braga‐Souto RN, Teixeira MG, Borges LA, Oliveira MLP, Soares JF, Paiva CL, Lima JP. Improvement of sensorial and technological characteristics of chocolate cakes with buriti fruit by‐product. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lara Aguiar Borges
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - José Fábio Soares
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) Montes Claros Brazil
| | - Caroline Liboreiro Paiva
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) Montes Claros Brazil
| | - Juliana Pinto Lima
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) Montes Claros Brazil
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You S, Zheng J, Chen Y, Huang H. Research progress on the mechanism of beta-cell apoptosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:976465. [PMID: 36060972 PMCID: PMC9434279 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.976465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) is regarded as one of the most severe chronic metabolic diseases worldwide, which poses a great threat to human safety and health. The main feature of T2DM is the deterioration of pancreatic beta-cell function. More and more studies have shown that the decline of pancreatic beta-cell function in T2DM can be attributable to beta-cell apoptosis, but the exact mechanisms of beta-cell apoptosis in T2DM are not yet fully clarified. Therefore, in this review, we will focus on the current status and progress of research on the mechanism of pancreatic beta-cell apoptosis in T2DM, to provide new ideas for T2DM treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- SuFang You
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - JingYi Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - YuPing Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - HuiBin Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: HuiBin Huang,
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Dose- and Time-Dependent Effects of Oleate on Mitochondrial Fusion/Fission Proteins and Cell Viability in HepG2 Cells: Comparison with Palmitate Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189812. [PMID: 34575980 PMCID: PMC8468319 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial impairments in dynamic behavior (fusion/fission balance) associated with mitochondrial dysfunction play a key role in cell lipotoxicity and lipid-induced metabolic diseases. The present work aimed to evaluate dose- and time-dependent effects of the monounsaturated fatty acid oleate on mitochondrial fusion/fission proteins in comparison with the saturated fatty acid palmitate in hepatic cells. To this end, HepG-2 cells were treated with 0, 10 μM, 50 μM, 100 μM, 250 μM or 500 μM of either oleate or palmitate for 8 or 24 h. Cell viability and lipid accumulation were evaluated to assess lipotoxicity. Mitochondrial markers of fusion (mitofusin 2, MFN2) and fission (dynamin-related protein 1, DRP1) processes were evaluated by Western blot analysis. After 8 h, the highest dose of oleate induced a decrease in DRP1 content without changes in MFN2 content in association with cell viability maintenance, whereas palmitate induced a decrease in cell viability associated with a decrease mainly in MFN2 content. After 24 h, oleate induced MFN2 increase, whereas palmitate induced DRP1 increase associated with a higher decrease in cell viability with high doses compared to oleate. This finding could be useful to understand the role of mitochondria in the protective effects of oleate as a bioactive compound.
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Curcumin Alleviates Palmitic Acid-Induced LOX-1 Upregulation by Suppressing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in HUVECs. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9983725. [PMID: 34471643 PMCID: PMC8405307 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9983725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Excessive free fatty acid- (FFA-) induced endothelial lipotoxicity is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is mechanistically related to endothelial lipotoxicity. Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) is the major oxidatively modified low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) receptor in endothelial cells and is highly abundant in atherosclerotic lesions. Curcumin reduces the LOX-1 expression; however, the mechanism underlying this effect remains unknown. In the current study, we explored whether curcumin ameliorates palmitic acid- (PA-) induced endothelial lipotoxicity and LOX-1 upregulation by reducing ER stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We built endothelial lipotoxicity in vitro and found that LOX-1 was upregulated after PA stimulation, during which ER stress played an important role. Next, we observed that curcumin substantially alleviated PA-induced lipotoxicity by restoring cell viability, increasing angiogenesis, and decreasing lipid deposition. Furthermore, LOX-1 upregulation in HUVECs was blocked by curcumin, possibly via ER stress suppression. Overall, our findings demonstrated that curcumin alleviates endothelial lipotoxicity and LOX-1 upregulation, and ER stress inhibition may play a critical role in this effect.
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Moroccan antidiabetic medicinal plants: Ethnobotanical studies, phytochemical bioactive compounds, preclinical investigations, toxicological validations and clinical evidences; challenges, guidance and perspectives for future management of diabetes worldwide. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Šrámek J, Němcová-Fürstová V, Kovář J. Molecular Mechanisms of Apoptosis Induction and Its Regulation by Fatty Acids in Pancreatic β-Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4285. [PMID: 33924206 PMCID: PMC8074590 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell failure and death contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. One of the main factors responsible for β-cell dysfunction and subsequent cell death is chronic exposure to increased concentrations of FAs (fatty acids). The effect of FAs seems to depend particularly on the degree of their saturation. Saturated FAs induce apoptosis in pancreatic β-cells, whereas unsaturated FAs are well tolerated and are even capable of inhibiting the pro-apoptotic effect of saturated FAs. Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis induction by saturated FAs in β-cells are not completely elucidated. Saturated FAs induce ER stress, which in turn leads to activation of all ER stress pathways. When ER stress is severe or prolonged, apoptosis is induced. The main mediator seems to be the CHOP transcription factor. Via regulation of expression/activity of pro- and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members, and potentially also through the increase in ROS production, CHOP switches on the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis induction. ER stress signalling also possibly leads to autophagy signalling, which may activate caspase-8. Saturated FAs activate or inhibit various signalling pathways, i.e., p38 MAPK signalling, ERK signalling, ceramide signalling, Akt signalling and PKCδ signalling. This may lead to the activation of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, as well. Particularly, the inhibition of the pro-survival Akt signalling seems to play an important role. This inhibition may be mediated by multiple pathways (e.g., ER stress signalling, PKCδ and ceramide) and could also consequence in autophagy signalling. Experimental evidence indicates the involvement of certain miRNAs in mechanisms of FA-induced β-cell apoptosis, as well. In the rather rare situations when unsaturated FAs are also shown to be pro-apoptotic, the mechanisms mediating this effect in β-cells seem to be the same as for saturated FAs. To conclude, FA-induced apoptosis rather appears to be preceded by complex cross talks of multiple signalling pathways. Some of these pathways may be regulated by decreased membrane fluidity due to saturated FA incorporation. Few data are available concerning molecular mechanisms mediating the protective effect of unsaturated FAs on the effect of saturated FAs. It seems that the main possible mechanism represents a rather inhibitory intervention into saturated FA-induced pro-apoptotic signalling than activation of some pro-survival signalling pathway(s) or metabolic interference in β-cells. This inhibitory intervention may be due to an increase of membrane fluidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Šrámek
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology & Center for Research of Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 87, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Vlasta Němcová-Fürstová
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology & Center for Research of Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 87, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
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Zhu M, Liu X, Liu W, Lu Y, Cheng J, Chen Y. β cell aging and age-related diabetes. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:7691-7706. [PMID: 33686020 PMCID: PMC7993693 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance and loss of β cell mass and function. Aging is considered as a major risk factor for development of type 2 diabetes. However, the roles of pancreatic β cell senescence and systemic aging in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes in elderly people remain poorly understood. In this review, we aimed to discuss the current findings and viewpoints focusing on β cell aging and the development of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Wen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Yanrong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Jingqiu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Younan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
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13
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Li L, Zeng X, Liu Z, Chen X, Li L, Luo R, Liu X, Zhang J, Liu J, Lu Y, Cheng J, Chen Y. Mesenchymal stromal cells protect hepatocytes from lipotoxicity through alleviation of endoplasmic reticulum stress by restoring SERCA activity. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:2976-2993. [PMID: 33591626 PMCID: PMC7957164 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate how mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) modulate metabolic balance and attenuate hepatic lipotoxicity in the context of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In vivo, male SD rats were fed with high-fat diet (HFD) to develop NAFLD; then, they were treated twice by intravenous injections of rat bone marrow MSCs. In vitro, HepG2 cells were cocultured with MSCs by transwell and exposed to palmitic acid (PA) for 24 hours. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stressor thapsigargin and sarco/ER Ca2+ -ATPase (SERCA2)-specific siRNA were used to explore the regulation of ER stress by MSCs. We found that MSC administration improved hepatic steatosis, restored systemic hepatic lipid and glucose homeostasis, and inhibited hepatic ER stress in HFD-fed rats. In hepatocytes, MSCs effectively alleviated the cellular lipotoxicity. Particularly, MSCs remarkably ameliorated the ER stress and intracellular calcium homeostasis induced by either PA or thapsigargin in HepG2 cells. Additionally, long-term HFD or PA stimulation would activate pyroptosis in hepatocytes, which may contribute to the cell death and liver dysfunction during the process of NAFLD, and MSC treatment effectively ameliorates these deleterious effects. SERCA2 silencing obviously abolished the ability of MSCs against the PA-induced lipotoxicity. Conclusively, our study demonstrated that MSCs were able to ameliorate liver lipotoxicity and metabolic disturbance in the context of NAFLD, in which the regulation of ER stress and the calcium homeostasis via SERCA has played a key role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linzhao Li
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Medical College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuanming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Li
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruixi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanrong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingqiu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Younan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Park WJ, Han JS. Gryllus bimaculatus extract protects against lipopolysaccharide and palmitate-induced production of proinflammatory cytokines and inflammasome formation. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:206. [PMID: 33495809 PMCID: PMC7821350 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and the inflammasome complex formation are associated with numerous diseases, and palmitates or lipopolysaccharides (LPS) have been identified as potential links between these disorders. Recently, edible insects such as the Gryllus bimaculatus (GB) and the larva of Tenebrio molitor have emerged as alternative food sources. In the present study, the effect of GB on LPS- or palmitate-induced production of inflammatory cytokines, the formation of the inflammasome complex, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and cell death was investigated in RAW264.7 cells. The results revealed that GB extract downregulated the production of inflammatory cytokines (such as TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6). Since the role of the MAP kinase and NF-κB signalling pathways in the production of inflammatory cytokines is well established, the translocation of p65 into the nucleus and the phosphorylation of IκB and MAP kinases were further examined. Both these processes were upregulated following LPS and palmitate treatment, but they were inhibited by the GB extract. Moreover, GB extract decreased LPS/palmitate-induced inflammasome complex formation (assessed via analysing the levels of the apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain, NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3, cleaved caspase-1 and IL-1β), the generation of ROS, ER stress and cell death. Treatment with SB203580 (a p38 inhibitor), SP600125 (a JNK inhibitor) and pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate ammonium (an NF-κB inhibitor) decreased the production of inflammatory cytokines, as well as helped in the recovery of LPS/palmitate-induced cell death. Overall, GB extract served an inhibitory role in LPS/palmitate-induced inflammation via inhibiting the MAP kinase and NF-κB signalling pathways, inflammasome complex formation, ROS generation, ER stress and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Jae Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Soon Han
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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Li XD, He SS, Wan TT, Li YB. Liraglutide protects palmitate-induced INS-1 cell injury by enhancing autophagy mediated via FoxO1. Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:147. [PMID: 33355375 PMCID: PMC7789139 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance and a progressive loss in mass and function of pancreatic β-cells. In T2DM, lipotoxicity leads to β-cells dysfunction and decreases its number. Autophagy serves a crucial role in maintaining the normal islet architecture and the function of β-cells. Moreover, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its analogs have beneficial roles in pancreatic β-cells. However, the protective effects of GLP-1 agents on palmitate (PA)-induced pancreatic β-cells and their underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) can prevent pancreatic β-cells from apoptosis. Whether GLP-1 protects against PA-induced β-cells injury via FoxO1 remains unknown. The present study exposed INS-1 cells to PA to establish a T2DM injury model. Cell viability was evaluated using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and apoptosis was determined via western blotting. Furthermore, autophagy was examined using western blotting, immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. Silencing FoxO1 was used to inhibit the activities of FoxO1. The results suggested that the GLP-1 analog liraglutide enhanced the cell viability, inhibited the protein expression of cleaved caspase-3 and increased the expression levels of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain3 (LC3) II/I, and FoxO1 in INS-1 cells. The autophagy inhibitor chloroquine inhibited the protective effects of liraglutide on INS-1 cells. Silencing of FoxO1 decreased the expression levels of LC3-II and attenuated the protection of liraglutide on the viability of INS-1 cells. In conclusion, the results indicated that liraglutide ameliorated the PA-induced islet β-cells injury via the upregulation of autophagy-mediated by FoxO1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Dan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Shan-Shan He
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Ting-Ting Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Bo Li
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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Wu L, Xiong L, Li J, Peng Z, Zhang L, Shi P, Gong Y, Xiao H. Circ-Tulp4 promotes β-cell adaptation to lipotoxicity by regulating soat1 expression. J Mol Endocrinol 2020; 65:149-161. [PMID: 33064661 PMCID: PMC7576671 DOI: 10.1530/jme-20-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify circular RNAs differentially expressed in the islets of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) models and clarify their roles in the control of β-cell functions. Circular RNAs dysregulated in the islets of diabetic db/db mice were identified by high-throughput RNA sequencing. Then, the expression level of the selected circular RNA circ-Tulp4 was confirmed by real-time PCR in the islets of diabetic models and Min6 cells. MTS, EdU, western blot, flow cytometric analysis, and luciferase assay were performed to investigate the impact of circ-Tulp4 on β-cell functions. This study identified thousands of circular RNAs in mouse pancreatic islets. The circ-Tulp4 level significantly decreased in the diabetic models and altered in the Min6 cells under lipotoxic condition. The modulation of circ-Tulp4 level in Min6 cells regulated cell proliferation. Furthermore, an interaction was demonstrated between circ-Tulp4 and miR-7222-3p, which suppressed the expression of cholesterol esterification-related gene, sterol O-acyltransferase 1 (SOAT1). The accumulation of soat1 activated cyclin D1 expression, thus promoting cell cycle progression. These findings showed that circ-Tulp4 regulated β-cell proliferation via miR-7222-3p/soat1/cyclin D1 signaling. Our research suggested that circ-Tulp4 might be a potential therapeutic intervention for T2DM. Besides, soat1 might be important for β-cell adaptation to lipotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Xiong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zishan Peng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Luyao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peijie Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingying Gong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to Y Gong or H Xiao: or
| | - Haipeng Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to Y Gong or H Xiao: or
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Yalçin A, Şarkici G, Kolaç UK. PKR inhibitors suppress endoplasmic reticulum stress and subdue glucolipotoxicity-mediated impairment of insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 44:93-102. [PMID: 32256145 PMCID: PMC7129068 DOI: 10.3906/biy-1909-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance and hypersecretion of insulin from the pancreas to compensate for decreased insulin sensitivity in the peripheral tissues. In later stages of the disease insulin-secreting beta cell degeneration commences and patients require insulin replacement therapy in order to accomplish proper regulation of their blood glucose. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the beta cells is one of the factors contributing to this detrimental effect. Protein kinase R (PKR) is a cellular stress kinase activated by ER stress and contributing to degeneration of pancreatic islets. In order to determine whether inhibition of PKR activation by specific small molecule inhibitors of PKR ameliorates pancreatic insulin secretion capacity, we treated beta cells with two imidazole/oxindole-derived inhibitors of PKR kinase, imoxin (C16) and 2-aminopurine (2-AP), in the presence of ER stress. Our results demonstrate that PKR inhibition suppresses tunicamycin-mediated ER stress without altering the insulin production capacity of the cells. Palmitic acid-mediated suppression of insulin secretion, however, was subdued significantly by PKR inhibitor treatment through an ER stress-related mechanism. We suggest that PKR inhibitor treatment may be used to increase the insulin secretion capacity of the pancreas in later stages of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Yalçin
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University AYDIN TURKEY
| | - Gülçin Şarkici
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University AYDIN TURKEY
| | - Umut Kerem Kolaç
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University AYDIN TURKEY
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Zeng X, Zhu M, Liu X, Chen X, Yuan Y, Li L, Liu J, Lu Y, Cheng J, Chen Y. Oleic acid ameliorates palmitic acid induced hepatocellular lipotoxicity by inhibition of ER stress and pyroptosis. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2020; 17:11. [PMID: 32021639 PMCID: PMC6990600 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-020-0434-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pyroptosis is a novel programmed cell death. It is identified as caspase-1 dependent and characterized by plasma-membrane rupture and release of proinflammatory intracellular contents inculuding IL-1 beta and IL-18. Pyroptosis is distinct from other forms of cell death, especially apoptosis that is characterized by nuclear and cytoplasmic condensation and is elicited via activation of a caspase cascade. In pyroptosis, gasdermin D (GSDMD) acts as a major executor, while NLRP3 related inflammasome is closely linked to caspase-1 activation. Given that pyroptosis has played a critical role in the progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), here, we investigated whether the regulation of pyroptosis activation is responsible for the protective role of monounsaturated oleic acids in the context of hepatocellular lipotoxicity. Methods Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 cells were exposed to palmitic acid (PA) with or without oleic acids (OA) or/and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) for 24 h. Besides, the cells were treated with the chemical ER stressor tunicamycin (TM) with or without OA for 24 h as well. The expressions of pyroptosis and ER stress related genes or proteins were determined by real-time PCR, Western blot or immunofluorescence. The morphology of pyroptosis was detected by acridine orange and ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining. The release of IL-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was determined by ELISA. Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were fed with high fat diet (HFD) for 16 w, then, HFD was half replaced by olive oil to observe the protective effects of olive oil. The blood chemistry were analyzed, and the liver histology and the expressions of related genes and proteins were determined in the liver tissues. Results We demonstrated that PA impaired the cell viability and disturbed the lipid metabolism of HepG2 cells (P < 0.01), but OA robustly rescued cells from cell death (P < 0.001). More importantly, we found that instead of cell apoptosis, PA induced significant pyroptosis, evidenced by remarkably increased mRNA and protein expressions of inflammasome marker NLRP3, Caspase-1 and IL-1beta, as well as cell membrane perforation driving protein GSDMD (P < 0.05). Furthermore, we demonstrated that the PA stimulated ER stress was causally related to pyroptosis. The enhanced expressions of ER stress markers CHOP and BIP were found subcellular co-located to pyroptosis markers NLRP3 and ASC. Additionally,TM was able to induce pyroptosis like PA did, and ER stress inhibitor TUDCA was able to inhibit both PA and TM induced ER stress as well as pyroptosis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that OA substantially alleviated either PA or TM induced ER stress and pyroptosis in HepG2 cells (P < 0.01). In vivo, only olive oil supplementation did not cause significant toxicity, while HFD for 32 w obviously induced liver steatosis and inflammation in SD rats (P < 0.05). Half replacement of HFD with olive oil (a mixed diet) has remarkably ameliorated liver abnormalities, and particularly inhibited the protein expressions of either ER stress and pyroptosis markers (P < 0.05). Conclusion Palmitic acid induced predominant pyroptosis in HepG2 cells, and ER stress may be responsible for the induction of pyroptosis and subsequent cell death. Monounsaturated oleic acids were able to ameliorate hepatocellular lipotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo, and OA mediated inhibition of ER stress and pyroptosis may be the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1, Keyuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1, Keyuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1, Keyuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 People's Republic of China
| | - Xuanmin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1, Keyuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 People's Republic of China
| | - Yujia Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1, Keyuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Li
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1, Keyuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 People's Republic of China
| | - Jingping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1, Keyuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanrong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1, Keyuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 People's Republic of China
| | - Jingqiu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1, Keyuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 People's Republic of China
| | - Younan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1, Keyuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 People's Republic of China
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Yan S, Jiang Z, Cheng L, Lin Y, Fan B, Luo L, Yan Y, Yang L, Shen X. TLR4 knockout can improve dysfunction of β-cell by rebalancing proteomics disorders in pancreas of obese rats. Endocrine 2020; 67:67-79. [PMID: 31598849 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-02106-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies showed that TLR4 knockout (TLR4KO) could mitigate obesity and insulin resistance induced by high-fat diet in rats. In this study, we further investigated the effects of TLR4KO on islet function and pancreatic proteomics in obese rats by high-fat diet. METHODS PA-induced lipotoxicity β-cells, SD and TLR4KO rats were used in this study. iTRAQ was used to screen out meaningful differential proteins.The protein expression level was evaluated by Western blotting; the cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay. RESULTS TLR4KO could reduce inflammatory and regulate body composition in obese rats, and improve β-cells function. The quantitative analysis of protein revealed that TLR4KO rebalanced proteomics disorders in pancreas of obese rats. In addition, the pathways involved in differential proteins were mainly metabolic pathways, arachidonic acid metabolism, ECM-receptor interaction, pancreatic secretion, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and FoxO signaling pathway. Further analysis of protein-protein interaction (PPI) revealed that Stk39 and Ass1 interacting through Mapk14-Ywhae were node proteins and participated in inflammatory response, carboxylic acid metabolic process, and small molecule metabolic process. In vitro experiments we confirmed that silencing TLR4 can inhibit PA-induced β-cell apoptosis, insulin secretion disorders, and increase Ass1 expression. While, overexpression of Ass1 in β-cell inhibited PA or LPS-induced β-cell damage. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirmed that TLR4KO could improve dysfunction of β-cell, and the underlying mechanism might be involved in ebalancing proteomics disorders in pancreas, affecting the expression of Ass1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunjie Yan
- From Endocrinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China
- Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China
| | - Zhen Jiang
- From Endocrinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China
| | - Ling Cheng
- From Endocrinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China
| | - Youfen Lin
- From Endocrinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China
| | - Beibei Fan
- From Endocrinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China
| | - Liufen Luo
- From Endocrinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China
| | - Yuanli Yan
- From Endocrinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China
| | - Liyong Yang
- From Endocrinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China
- Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China
| | - Ximei Shen
- From Endocrinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China.
- Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China.
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20
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Zhang Y, Li Y, Ma P, Chen J, Xie W. Ficus carica leaves extract inhibited pancreatic β-cell apoptosis by inhibiting AMPK/JNK/caspase-3 signaling pathway and antioxidation. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 122:109689. [PMID: 31786467 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the inhibitory effects of Ficus carica leaves (FCL) extract on AMPK/JNK/caspase3 signaling pathway and antioxidation in pancreatic β-cells. H&E staining, insulin immunohistochemistry, and TUNEL methods were used to investigate the effects of FCL on pancreatic histopathology in type 1 diabetic mice. The expression levels of caspase-3, AMPK, and JNK protein in the pancreatic tissue and MIN6 cells [induced by palmitic acid (PA) and hydrogen peroxide] were determined. Flow cytometry was used to detect the effects of FCL on apoptosis and ROS production of MIN6 cells. FCL (2 g/kg, continuous gavage for 6 weeks) significantly improved the pancreatic tissue injury in type 1 diabetic mice and reduced the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins such as FasL, caspase8, Bax/Bcl-2, Cyt-C, caspase-3, p-AMPK, and p-JNK. FCL inhibited cell apoptosis induced by PA and the protein expression levels of caspase-3, p-AMPK, and p-JNK. The AMPK agonist AICAR could reverse the protective effects of FCL on MIN6 cells. The AMPK inhibitor compound C had a similar effect on MIN6 cells as that of FCL. FCL could inhibit cell apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide and reduced the production of ROS. In conclusion, FCL could inhibit pancreatic β-cell apoptosis by inhibiting the AMPK/JNK/caspase-3 signaling pathway and by antioxidation properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yingying Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ping Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jincheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weiping Xie
- Department of Physical and Chemical Analysis, Quanzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quanzhou, 362000, People's Republic of China.
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Extra virgin olive oil diet intervention improves insulin resistance and islet performance in diet-induced diabetes in mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11311. [PMID: 31383924 PMCID: PMC6683141 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47904-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary composition plays an important role in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. Monounsaturated fatty acid consumption has been positively associated with improved insulin sensitivity and β-cell function. We examined whether an extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) high fat diet (HFD) can improve glucose homeostasis. C57BL/6J mice were fed a standard diet or a lard-based HFD to induce type 2 diabetes. Then, HFD mice were fed with three different based HFD (lard, EVOO and EVOO rich in phenolic compounds) for 24 weeks. HFD-EVOO diets significantly improved glycemia, insulinemia, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and insulin degradation. Moreover, EVOO diets reduced β-cell apoptosis, increased β-cell number and normalized islet glucose metabolism and glucose induced insulin secretion. No additional effects were observed by higher levels of phenolic compounds. Thus, EVOO intake regulated glucose homeostasis by improving insulin sensitivity and pancreatic β-cell function, in a type 2 diabetes HFD animal model.
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