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Lanzolla G, Marinò M, Menconi F. Graves disease: latest understanding of pathogenesis and treatment options. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024:10.1038/s41574-024-01016-5. [PMID: 39039206 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-01016-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Graves disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in iodine-sufficient areas. The main responsible mechanism is related to autoantibodies that bind and activate the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR). Although Graves hyperthyroidism is relatively common, no causal treatment options are available. Established treatment modalities are antithyroid drugs, which reduce thyroid hormone synthesis, radioactive iodine and surgery. However, emerging drugs that target the main autoantigen (monoclonal antibodies, small molecules, peptides) or block the immune pathway have been recently tested in clinical trials. Graves disease can involve the thyroid exclusively or it can be associated with extrathyroidal manifestations, among which Graves orbitopathy is the most common. The presence of Graves orbitopathy can change the management of the disease. An established treatment for moderate-to-severe Graves orbitopathy is intravenous glucocorticoids. However, recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of Graves orbitopathy have allowed the development of new target-based therapies by blocking pro-inflammatory cytokine receptors, lymphocytic infiltration or the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), with several clinical trials providing promising results. This article reviews the new discoveries in the pathogenesis of Graves hyperthyroidism and Graves orbitopathy that offer several important tools in disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Lanzolla
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Unit II, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michele Marinò
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Unit II, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Menconi
- U.O. Endocrinologia II, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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Liu B, Li L, Wang X. Petunidin suppresses Hashimoto's thyroiditis by regulating Th1/Th17 homeostasis and oxidative stress. Cell Immunol 2024; 403-404:104858. [PMID: 39053379 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2024.104858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is a prevalent autoimmune thyroid disease, necessitating further research to identify effective treatment strategies. Two key pathophysiological factors of HT are inflammation and oxidative stress. Petunidin (PET) is an anthocyanin with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of PET on HT. C57BL/6N mice were injected with thyroglobulin emulsified with adjuvant to establish the HT animal model. Our results showed that PET administration decreased the concentrations of TPOAb, TgAb, T3, T4, IgG, IgA and IgM in HT mice, accompanied by significant alterations in follicle shape and increased lymphocyte infiltrations. Additionally, the apoptosis rate, ROS level, MDA content, CD4+ level, IFN-γ and IL-17A levels, as well as the concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-17, were elevated in HT mice and reduced by PET treatment. Furthermore, HT patients exhibited higher levels of NOX4 and PKM2, which were positively correlated with TPOAb, IFN-γ, and IL-17 concentrations. In HT mice, PET therapy decreased the expression of PKM2 and NOX4 proteins. In summary, PET can improve thyroid dysfunction by suppressing apoptosis, oxidative stress and Th1/Th17 differentiation through regulation of the NOX4/PKM2 axis in HT mice, suggesting its promising potential for HT intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beiyan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui City, Xinxiang City, Henan Province 453100, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui City, Xinxiang City, Henan Province 453100, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui City, Xinxiang City, Henan Province 453100, China
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Shirizadeh A, Borzouei S, Razavi Z, Taherkhani A, Faradmal J, Solgi G. Determination of HLA class II risk alleles and prediction of self/non-self-epitopes contributing Hashimoto's thyroiditis in a group of Iranian patients. Immunogenetics 2024; 76:175-187. [PMID: 38607388 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-024-01339-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
One of the probable hypotheses for the onset of autoimmunity is molecular mimicry. This study aimed to determine the HLA-II risk alleles for developing Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) in order to analyze the molecular homology between candidate pathogen-derived epitopes and potentially self-antigens (thyroid peroxidase, TPO) based on the presence of HLA risk alleles. HLA-DRB1/-DQB1 genotyping was performed in 100 HT patients and 330 ethnically matched healthy controls to determine the predisposing/protective alleles for HT disease. Then, in silico analysis was conducted to examine the sequence homology between epitopes derived from autoantigens and four potentially relevant pathogens and their binding capacities to HLA risk alleles based on peptide docking analysis. We identified HLA-DRB1*03:01, *04:02, *04:05, and *11:04 as predisposing alleles and DRB1*13:01 as a potentially predictive allele for HT disease. Also, DRB1*11:04 ~ DQB1*03:01 (Pc = 0.002; OR, 3.97) and DRB1*03:01 ~ DQB1*02:01 (Pc = 0.004; OR, 2.24) haplotypes conferred a predisposing role for HT. Based on logistic regression analysis, carrying risk alleles increased the risk of HT development 4.5 times in our population (P = 7.09E-10). Also, ROC curve analysis revealed a high predictive power of those risk alleles for discrimination of the susceptible from healthy individuals (AUC, 0.70; P = 6.6E-10). Analysis of peptide sequence homology between epitopes of TPO and epitopes derived from four candidate microorganisms revealed a homology between envelop glycoprotein D of herpes virus and sequence 151-199 of TPO with remarkable binding capacity to HLA-DRB1*03:01 allele. Our findings indicate the increased risk of developing HT in those individuals carrying HLA risk alleles which can also be related to herpes virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ata Shirizadeh
- Immunology Department, Medical School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Blvd, P.O. Box: 6517838736, Opposite to Lona ParkHamadan, Iran
| | - Shiva Borzouei
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Zahra Razavi
- Pediatrics Department, Medical School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amir Taherkhani
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Javad Faradmal
- Biostatistics Department, Health School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ghasem Solgi
- Immunology Department, Medical School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Blvd, P.O. Box: 6517838736, Opposite to Lona ParkHamadan, Iran.
- Cancer Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Parvini P, Obreja K, Cafferata EA, Aini T, Lermen Y, Begic A, Sader R, Schwarz F. The effect of antiresorptive therapy on the prevalence and severity of oral lichen planus: a retrospective study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:547. [PMID: 38730315 PMCID: PMC11088150 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04331-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antiresorptive therapy (AR) disrupts osseous homeostasis and can induce direct irritation over the gastrointestinal mucosa; however, its possible erosive effects on the oral epithelium have not been totally described. Among the most frequent oral erosive lesions, oral lichen planus (OLP) frequently presents as painful mucosal ulcerations, arising from basal membrane inflammatory damage. Thus, the aim of this retrospective study was to describe the association between AR and the incidence of OLP. METHODS This case-control study included data from 148 patients (17 patients undergoing AR therapy (AR group) / 131 without AR therapy (Control group)). Each patient record was systematically processed and the association between AR drugs and OLP clinical characteristics within both groups was assessed. RESULTS The erosive form of OLP was significantly more frequent in the AR group than in the Control group (p = 0.029). Indeed, the AR treatment using alendronic acid (41.2%) was the most frequently reported. Additionally, the erosive form of OLP showed the strongest association with pain and burning sensation among the OLP types (p < 0.050). However, disease worsening and AR consumption were not significantly associated (p = 0.150). CONCLUSIONS Patients under AR therapy show more clinical symptoms associated to the erosive type of OLP. Regardless of the AR therapy, the erosive type of OLP is associated with more severe symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puria Parvini
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Carolinum, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Karina Obreja
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Carolinum, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Emilio A Cafferata
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Carolinum, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú.
| | - Tuba Aini
- Department of Prosthodontics, Carolinum, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Yanislava Lermen
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Carolinum, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Amira Begic
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Carolinum, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Robert Sader
- Department of Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Frank Schwarz
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Carolinum, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Zhang S, Zhao X, Wang X, Jin H, Chen L, Ma Y, Chi Y, Zhang J, Zhang J, Gao Y. Gut Microecology May Be Involved in the Pathogenesis of Hashimoto Thyroiditis by Reducing Production of Hydrogen Sulfide. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:792-801. [PMID: 37793163 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is related to intestinal microbiota alteration, but the causal relationship remains unclear. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a microbiota-derived metabolite. We speculated that abnormal intestinal microbiota might limit H2S production capacity, promoting HT pathogenesis. OBJECTIVE This work aimed to illustrate that the intestinal microbiota plays important roles in HT pathogenesis via microbiota-derived H2S levels. METHODS We collected feces from HT patients and healthy donors for fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Thirty-six female CBA/J mice were randomly assigned to 4 groups: experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT) group, EAT + Healthy group, EAT + HT group, and EAT + HT + H2S group. 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing was performed to examine gut microbiota alterations and the H2S production pathway. Serum TgAb and H2S levels were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and H2S-selective sensors, respectively. T-cell subpopulations in the spleen were detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS The gut microbiota was different after FMT among the EAT, EAT + Healthy, and EAT + HT groups. The thyroiditis score assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining was higher in the EAT + HT group than that in the EAT and EAT + HT + H2S groups. Helper T (Th1) and Th17 cell differentiation ratios were increased in the EAT + HT group compared to the other 3 groups. Serum H2S levels were decreased and the dissimilatory sulfate reduction (DSR) pathway was attenuated in the EAT + HT group compared to the EAT + Healthy group. CONCLUSION H2S alleviated thyroiditis severity and related immune disorders, which were aggravated by the FMT from HT patients. The attenuated DSR pathway in the gut microbiota from HT patients might be involved in thyroiditis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangqing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, PR China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, PR China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, PR China
| | - Hongfang Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, PR China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Animal Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, PR China
| | - Yan Chi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, PR China
| | - Jixin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, PR China
| | - Junqing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, PR China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, PR China
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Clemente-Suárez VJ, Redondo-Flórez L, Rubio-Zarapuz A, Martín-Rodríguez A, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Microbiota Implications in Endocrine-Related Diseases: From Development to Novel Therapeutic Approaches. Biomedicines 2024; 12:221. [PMID: 38255326 PMCID: PMC10813640 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review article delves into the critical role of the human microbiota in the development and management of endocrine-related diseases. We explore the complex interactions between the microbiota and the endocrine system, emphasizing the implications of microbiota dysbiosis for the onset and progression of various endocrine disorders. The review aims to synthesize current knowledge, highlighting recent advancements and the potential of novel therapeutic approaches targeting microbiota-endocrine interactions. Key topics include the impact of microbiota on hormone regulation, its role in endocrine pathologies, and the promising avenues of microbiota modulation through diet, probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation. We underscore the importance of this research in advancing personalized medicine, offering insights for more tailored and effective treatments for endocrine-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (A.R.-Z.); (J.F.T.-A.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | - Laura Redondo-Flórez
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/ Tajo s/n, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain;
| | - Alejandro Rubio-Zarapuz
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (A.R.-Z.); (J.F.T.-A.)
| | - Alexandra Martín-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (A.R.-Z.); (J.F.T.-A.)
| | - José Francisco Tornero-Aguilera
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (A.R.-Z.); (J.F.T.-A.)
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Cheng CW, Fang WF, Lin JD. Associations of serum keratin 1 with thyroid function and immunity in Graves' disease. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289345. [PMID: 38019813 PMCID: PMC10686460 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) can cause enormous health burdens; however, trustworthy biomarkers in identifying the onset and progression of AITD are limited. In this study, we attempted to discover new potential serum biomarkers to discriminate AITD using mass spectrometry (MS). METHODS In the biomarker study cohort, 20 patients with Graves' disease (GD), 20 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), and 20 healthy controls were enrolled for a liquid chromatographic-tandem MS assessment. A novel biomarker, keratin 1 (KRT1), was selected for further evaluation in the validation cohort, including 125 patients with GD, 34 patients with HT, and 77 controls. Relationships of serum KRT1 with AITD-related immunomodulatory cytokines were also analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). RESULTS In the MS analysis, KRT1 was the single marker overexpressed in GD, while it was underexpressed in HT. In the ELISA analysis of the validation cohort, KRT1 was consistently upregulated in GD, while it was not downregulated in HT. There were significant associations of KRT1 levels with thyroid function in GD, AITD, and overall subjects. Additionally, a significant association of KRT1 levels with thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TSHRAb) levels was observed. Moreover, there were significant associations of KRT1 with osteopontin (OPN) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF) levels in GD. CONCLUSIONS Serum KRT1 levels were upregulated in GD and were associated with thyroid function and TSHRAb levels. Moreover, KRT1 was correlated with the BAFF and OPN levels in GD patients. Further molecular-based research to elucidate the role of KRT1 in the pathogenesis of AITD is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Wen Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Traditional Herb Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Jiunn-Diann Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Zhang C, Zhang Q, Qin L, Yan Z, Wu L, Liu T. Dioscin Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Thyroiditis via the mTOR and TLR4/NF-κB Signaling. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:2273-2285. [PMID: 37551407 PMCID: PMC10404412 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s410901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is a common autoimmune disease that causes thyroid dysfunction. Clinical symptoms in Hashimoto thyroiditis patients were improved after oral administration of dioscin. However, the mechanisms involved in the therapeutic effect remain unclear. METHODS The protective effects and potential mechanisms of dioscin for autoimmune thyroiditis were explored in a rat model of thyroglobulin-induced autoimmune thyroiditis. Firstly, the rat model of AIT was obtained by subcutaneous injection of thyroglobulin and drinking the sodium iodide solution, followed by gavage administration for 8 weeks. Rats were sacrificed after anaesthesia, serum and thyroid samples were preserved. Serum triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyrotropin (TSH), thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), and thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb) expressions were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Morphological changes were observed by H&E staining. Next, we used transcriptomics techniques to find the potential therapeutic target of dioscin. Finally, we validated the transcriptomic results by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC-P), respectively. RESULTS Animal experiments showed that dioscin regulated T3, T4, FT3, TSH, TgAb, TPOAb, and TRAb and alleviated the pathological process in a dose-dependent manner, with the high-dose group showing optimal efficacy. In the transcriptome, the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway was identified by KEGG enrichment analysis and validated by RT-PCR and IHC-P. The relative expression of NF-κB, mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mRNA and protein were decreased in the dioscin-treated group compared to the AIT model group. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that dioscin treatment improved thyroid function and downregulated TGAb, TPOAb and TRAb levels in rat models of AIT, which may alleviate the pathological process and suppress the inflammatory response by inhibiting mTOR and TLR4/NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiue Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingling Qin
- Technology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyi Yan
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lili Wu
- Technology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Batóg G, Dołoto A, Bąk E, Piątkowska-Chmiel I, Krawiec P, Pac-Kożuchowska E, Herbet M. The interplay of oxidative stress and immune dysfunction in Hashimoto's thyroiditis and polycystic ovary syndrome: a comprehensive review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1211231. [PMID: 37588599 PMCID: PMC10426741 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1211231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the concomitant incidence of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), both in terms of incidence, etiology, and clinical consequences. PCOS patients suffering from autoimmune thyroid diseases show insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, weight gain, and metabolic and reproductive complications. Studies have shown that chronic stress and its consequence, i.e. oxidative stress, play an important role in the pathomechanism of both disorders. It has also been shown that long-term exposure to stress triggers biological mechanisms, in particular related to the regulation of the inflammatory cascade, which plays a key role in autoimmune diseases. The paper is a review of the literature on the role of chronic stress, oxidative stress, and immune processes in the pathogenesis of HT and PCOS. In addition, the review is a source of knowledge about the treatment of these diseases, and in particular the use of antioxidants in therapeutic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Batóg
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Dołoto
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewelina Bąk
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Iwona Piątkowska-Chmiel
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Paulina Krawiec
- Department of Paediatrics and Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Mariola Herbet
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Zhang S, Chi Y, Jin H, Wang X, Zhao X, Gao Y, Zhang J. Alteration of Intestinal Microbiota and Hydrogen Sulfide Metabolism in Patients with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2023; 2023:9302189. [PMID: 37469789 PMCID: PMC10352533 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9302189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Objective To analyze the intestinal microbiota and H2S levels in patients with HT. Methods Twenty euthyroid HT patients and twenty healthy control individuals were recruited. Fecal samples were collected, and the microbiota was examined using 16S RNA gene sequencing. We also collected serum samples to examine the H2S levels. Results Compared with patients with HT, the ACE and Chao indices were significantly lower in healthy controls (P=0.04, 0.03, respectively). The microbial composition of the HT group differed significantly from that of the healthy group. We observed a significant increase in the proportions of Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Sutterella, and Veillonella in patients with HT (P < 0.05). Linear discriminant analysis and effect size analysis also revealed that Bacteroides and Ralstonia were enriched in patients with HT. Additionally, patients with HT had significantly lower H2S levels than healthy controls (P < 0.005). The enrichment of H2S anabolism was linked to the alteration of intestinal microbiota in patients with HT. Conclusion We demonstrated that patients with HT have aberrant intestinal microbiome and that H2S anabolism may contribute to HT pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangqing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yan Chi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Hongfang Jin
- Department of Pediatric, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Department of Pediatric, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Junqing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
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Xu Y, Huo J, Nie R, Ge L, Xie C, Meng Y, Liu J, Wu L, Qin X. Altered profile of glycosylated proteins in serum samples obtained from patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis following depletion of highly abundant proteins. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1182842. [PMID: 37457741 PMCID: PMC10348014 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1182842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is one of the most common autoimmune disorders; however, its underlying pathological mechanisms remain unclear. Although aberrant glycosylation has been implicated in the N-glycome of immunoglobulin G (IgG), changes in serum proteins have not been comprehensively characterized. This study aimed to investigate glycosylation profiles in serum samples depleted of highly abundant proteins from patients with HT and propose the potential functions of glycoproteins for further studies on the pathological mechanisms of HT. Methods A lectin microarray containing 70 lectins was used to detect and analyze glycosylation of serum proteins using serum samples (N=27 HT; N=26 healthy control [HC]) depleted of abundant proteins. Significant differences in glycosylation status between HT patients and the HC group were verified using lectin blot analysis. A lectin-based pull-down assay combined with mass spectrometry was used to investigate potential glycoproteins combined with differentially present lectins, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to identify the expression of targeted glycoproteins in 131 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), 131 patients with benign thyroid nodules (BTN) patients, 130 patients with HT, and 128 HCs. Results Compared with the HC group, the majority of the lectin binding signals in HT group were weakened, while the Vicia villosa agglutinin (VVA) binding signal was increased. The difference in VVA binding signals verified by lectin blotting was consistent with the results of the lectin microarray. A total of 113 potential VVA-binding glycoproteins were identified by mass spectrometry and classified by gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analyses. Using ELISA, we confirmed that lactoferrin (LTF) and mannan-binding lectin-associated serine protease 1 (MASP-1) levels were elevated in the serum of patients with HT and PTC. Conclusion Following depletion of abundant proteins, remaining serum proteins in HT patients exhibited lower glycosylation levels than those observed in HCs. An increased level of potential VVA-binding glycoproteins may play an important role in HT development. LTF and MASP-1 expression was significantly higher in the serum of HT and PTC patients, providing novel insight into HT and PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaozheng Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiawen Huo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Ruili Nie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Lili Ge
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Chonghong Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Lina Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaosong Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
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12
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Dugardin J, Demar M, Hafsi N, Amroun H, Aurelus JM, Drak Alsibai K, Ntoutoum A, Santa F, Nacher M, Sabbah N. Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 is associated with dysthyroidism in the French Amazon. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1164526. [PMID: 37293205 PMCID: PMC10244722 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1164526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus known to cause two major diseases: adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and a progressive neuromyelopathy-tropical spastic paraparesis. Many viruses may be involved in the pathogenesis of thyroiditis; however, few studies have focused on the role of HTLV-1. We aimed to investigate the association between HTLV-1 and biological thyroid dysfunction. Methods We included 357 patients with a positive HTLV-1 serology and thyroid-stimulating hormone assay data between 2012 and 2021 in a hospital in French Guiana; we compared the prevalence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in this group with that in an HTLV-1-negative control group (722 persons) matched for sex and age. Results The prevalence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in patients with HTLV-1 infection was significantly higher than that in the control group (11% versus 3.2% and 11.3% versus 2.3%, respectively; p < 0.001). Conclusion Our study shows, for the first time, the association between HTLV-1 and dysthyroidism in a large sample, suggesting that thyroid function exploration should be systematically implemented in this population as this may have an impact on therapeutic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Dugardin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Cayenne Hospital Center, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Magalie Demar
- Laboratory of Parasitology-Mycology (LHUPM), Cayenne Hospital Center, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Nezha Hafsi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Cayenne Hospital Center, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Hakim Amroun
- Department of Surgery, Cayenne Hospital Center, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Jean-Markens Aurelus
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Cayenne Hospital Center, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Kinan Drak Alsibai
- Department of Pathology and Center of Biological Resources (CRB Amazonie), Cayenne Hospital Center, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - André Ntoutoum
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Cayenne Hospital Center, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Florin Santa
- Department of Internal Diseases, Cayenne Hospital Center, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Mathieu Nacher
- Clinical Investigation Center Antilles French Guiana (CIC INSERM 1424), Cayenne Hospital Center, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Nadia Sabbah
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Cayenne Hospital Center, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Clinical Investigation Center Antilles French Guiana (CIC INSERM 1424), Cayenne Hospital Center, Cayenne, French Guiana
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Li CW, Osman R, Menconi F, Hou H, Schechter C, Kozhakhmetova A, Tomer Y. Effective Inhibition of Thyroid Antigen Presentation Using Retro-Inverso Peptides in Experimental Autoimmune Thyroiditis: A Pathway Toward Immune Therapies of Thyroid Autoimmunity. Thyroid 2023; 33:492-500. [PMID: 36762945 PMCID: PMC10325802 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2022.0511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Background: Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) represent the most common autoimmune diseases. However, current therapies focus on relieving the symptoms instead of curing AITD, and new therapies to reverse the autoimmune attack on the thyroid are needed. HLA-DRβ1-Arg74 is the key HLA class II allele that triggers AITD by presenting pathogenic thyroglobulin (Tg) peptides that activate thyroid self-reactive T cells. We hypothesized that blocking the presentation of Tg peptides to T cells within the HLA-DRβ1-Arg74 peptide binding cleft could reverse the autoimmune response to the thyroid in AITD. Methods: The approach we used to block Tg peptide presentation within HLA-DRβ1-Arg74 is to design retro-inverso D-amino acid (RID) peptides that have high affinity to the HLA-DRβ1-Arg74 peptide binding pocket. Results: By using computational approaches and molecular dynamics simulations, we designed two RID peptides, RT-15 and VT-15, that blocked peptide binding to recombinant HLA-DRβ1-Arg74 molecule, as well as T cell activation in vitro. Furthermore, RT-15 and VT-15 blocked in vivo T cell activation by thyroglobulin in humanized NOD-DR3 mice induced with experimental autoimmune thyroiditis. Conclusions: In summary, we discovered two RID peptides that block thyroglobulin peptide binding to HLA-DRβ1-Arg74 and their presentation to T cells in AITD. These findings set the stage for a personalized medicine therapeutic approach for AITD patients who carry the DRβ1-Arg74 allele. This antigen-specific therapeutic strategy can potentially be extended to other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheuk Wun Li
- The Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Roman Osman
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Francesca Menconi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Unit II, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Hanxi Hou
- The Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Clyde Schechter
- Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Aizhan Kozhakhmetova
- The Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Yaron Tomer
- The Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
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14
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Tao YX, Li Q, Li CC, Huo JJ. Efficacy of Chinese medicine in the adjuvant treatment of Hashimoto's thyroiditis with hypothyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2023:1-27. [PMID: 36942566 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2184959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
The quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk bias assessment tool and the results were analyzed using Review Manager 5.3 software. The evidence was also evaluated for its strength using GRADE. A total of 18 randomized controlled trials were included in the study, involving 1247 patients. The primary outcomes of this study included overall efficacy, effectiveness in treating specific symptoms, and the Traditional Chinese Medicine symptom score. The secondary outcomes included the levels of FT3, FT4, and TSH, the size of the thyroid gland, and any adverse events. The results of the meta-analysis showed that CHM combined with WM has a better curative effect and a more effective reduction in clinical symptoms than WM alone: comprehensive efficacy [OR = 4.83; 95% CI (3.45, 6.76)], syndrome efficacy [OR = 5.95; 95% CI (3.94, 8.99)], TCM symptom score SMD = -1.49; 95% CI (-1.86, -1.11)], FT3 [SMD = 0.59; 95% CI (0.48, 0.71)], FT4 [SMD = 0.59; 95% CI (0.48, 0.71)], TSH SMD = -0.97; 95% CI (-1.35, -0.58)], and thyroid volume SMD = -0.25; 95% CI (-0.34, 0.15)]. The incidence of adverse events between the groups was not significantly different [OR = 1.00; 95% CI (0.14, 7.27)]. Because of the effectiveness of CHM, we support using CHM to improve clinical efficacy in the treatment of HTH. The results of our research suggest that the use of Chinese Herbal Medicine (CHM) in combination with Western Medicine (WM) may result in improved clinical efficacy in the treatment of hypothyroidism (HTH) compared to using WM alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Xia Tao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Pujin Community Health Service Center, Minhang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Western Medicine, Pujin Community Health Service Center, Minhang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Chong-Chai Li
- Department of cardiology Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jing-Jing Huo
- Department of endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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15
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Lee HJ, Stefan-Lifshitz M, Li CW, Tomer Y. Genetics and epigenetics of autoimmune thyroid diseases: Translational implications. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 37:101661. [PMID: 35459628 PMCID: PMC9550878 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2022.101661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves' disease (GD) are prevalent autoimmune disorders, representing opposite ends of the clinical spectrum of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD). The pathogenesis involves a complex interplay between environment and genes. Specific susceptibility genes have been discovered that predispose to AITD, including thyroid-specific and immune-regulatory genes. Growing evidence has revealed that genetic and epigenetic variants can alter autoantigen presentation during the development of immune tolerance, can enhance self-peptide binding to MHC (major histocompatibility complex), and can amplify stimulation of T- and B-cells. These gene-driven mechanistic discoveries lay the groundwork for novel treatment targets. This review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of key AITD susceptibility genes (Tg1, TSHR, HLA-DR3, and CD40) and their translational therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna J Lee
- Department of Medicine, The Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Mihaela Stefan-Lifshitz
- Department of Medicine, The Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Cheuk Wun Li
- Department of Medicine, The Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Yaron Tomer
- Department of Medicine, The Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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16
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Schlipf M, Fischer A, Patzl M, Hartmann K, Pankraz A, Dick M, Zablotski Y, Küchenhoff H, Wehner A. Laboratory indicators of hypothyroidism and TgAA-positivity in the Eurasian dog breed. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280906. [PMID: 36693083 PMCID: PMC9873187 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary hypothyroidism represents a concern for dog breeders; thus, surveillance programs have been established for several dog breeds. METHODS Thyroid profiles (total thyroxine (TT4), thyrotropin (thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)), and thyroglobulin autoantibodies (TgAA)) collected as part of a breed surveillance program in Eurasians (2009-2017) were retrospectively analyzed. The study included data from 1,501 Eurasians from a German breeding club. Classification was exclusively based on laboratory data. Hypothyroidism was defined as a combined decrease in TT4 and increase in TSH in serum and was classified as TgAA-positive and TgAA-negative hypothyroidism. Thyroglobulin autoantibodies (TgAA) independent of the concentrations of TT4 and TSH were determined. The overall prevalence of hypothyroidism, TgAA-positive hypothyroidism, TgAA-negative hypothyroidism and TgAA-positivity was assessed when the dogs entered the program. Follow-up laboratory data was available for 324 dogs without hypothyroidism on initial examination. RESULTS The initial screening was performed at a median age of 18 months (interquartile range (IQR): 15-29). The overall prevalence of hypothyroidism was 3.9% (n = 58; 95% CI: 2.9-4.8%) and the prevalence of a positive TgAA status was 7.9% (n = 118; 95% CI: 6.6-9.3%). The prevalence of TgAA-positive and TgAA-negative hypothyroidism was 1.7% (n = 26; 95% CI: 1.1-2.4%) and 2.1% (n = 32; 95% CI: 1.4-2.9%), respectively. 22.0% of dogs with positive TgAA status (26/118) were already hypothyroid on initial examination. Overall, 42.5% (17/40) of TgAA-positive dogs on initial examination developed hypothyroidism on follow-up. CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrate that the Eurasian dog breed exhibits a relevant risk for hypothyroidism and presence of TgAA. The predictive value of TgAA for hypothyroidism or developing hypothyroidism was high in this breed. Further investigations with longitudinal studies in individual dogs are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Schlipf
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Fischer
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Patzl
- Institute of Immunology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katrin Hartmann
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Martina Dick
- Biocontrol, Bioscientia Healthcare GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Yury Zablotski
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Astrid Wehner
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Lu X, Liu Y, Xu L, Liang H, Zhou X, Lei H, Sha L. Role of Jumonji domain-containing protein D3 and its inhibitor GSK-J4 in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230659. [PMID: 36874364 PMCID: PMC9979002 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune illness caused by a combination of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. The pathogenesis of HT is not fully elucidated, especially in epigenetics. The epigenetic regulator Jumonji domain-containing protein D3 (JMJD3) has been extensively investigated in immunological disorders. This study has been performed to explore the roles and potential mechanisms of JMJD3 in HT. Thyroid samples from patients and healthy subjects were collected. We first analyzed the expression of JMJD3 and chemokines in the thyroid gland using real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. In vitro, the apoptosis effect of the JMJD3-specific inhibitor GSK-J4 on the thyroid epithelial cell line Nthy-ori 3-1 was evaluated using FITC Annexin V Detection kit. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were applied to examine the inhibitory effect of GSK-J4 on the inflammation of thyrocytes. In the thyroid tissue of HT patients, JMJD3 messenger RNA and protein levels were substantially greater than in controls (P < 0.05). Chemokines C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) were elevated in HT patients, and thyroid cells with stimulation of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). GSK-J4 could suppress TNF-α-induced synthesis of chemokines CXCL10 and CCL2 and prohibit thyrocyte apoptosis. Our results shed light on the potential role of JMJD3 in HT and indicate that JMJD3 may become a novel therapeutic target in HT treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixuan Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Hospital, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, No. 804, Shengli South Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Radiology, The 942th Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Radiology, The 942th Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Haiyan Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Hospital, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Hospital, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Hong Lei
- Department of Endocrinology, Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Hospital, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Liping Sha
- Department of Endocrinology, Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Hospital, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
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Liu J, Qin X, Lin B, Cui J, Liao J, Zhang F, Lin Q. Analysis of gut microbiota diversity in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:318. [PMID: 36564707 PMCID: PMC9789560 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02739-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease. Recent studies have found that the gut microbiota may play an important role in inducing HT, but there are no systematic studies on the changes in the gut microbiota during the development of HT. METHODS In this study, 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology in combination with the Kruskal-Wallis test, CCA/RDA analysis, Spearman correlation analysis, and other statistical methods were used to analyze the effects of age, gender, hormones, and other environmental factors on gut microbiota by comparing the differences in the microbiota at different stages of HT development. RESULTS The results showed that there were differences in the gut microbiota composition between healthy people (HCA) and in patients with HT. Lachnoclostridium, Bilophila, and Klebsiella were enriched in the HCA group, while Akkermansia, Lachnospiraceae, Bifidobacterium, Shuttleia, and Clostriworthdia were enriched in the HT group. Environmental factors analysis revealed that the Bifidobacterium and Klebsiella were two groups of bacteria that have undergone dramatic changes in HCA and HT, and mainly affected by gender. Romboutsia and Haemophilus regulated by the hormone of free triiodothyronine (FT3) may promote the development of HT, while Faecalibacterium and Lachnospiraceae regulated by free thyroxine (FT4) may protect the host. CONCLUSIONS Comprehensive studies have shown that gender is an important factor affecting gut microbial composition, but with the development of HT, hormones, age, and TSH begin to become dominant factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilai Liu
- grid.411504.50000 0004 1790 1622Department of Clinical Laboratory, People’s Hospital Affiliated of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350004 China
| | - Xuejun Qin
- grid.411504.50000 0004 1790 1622Department of Clinical Laboratory, People’s Hospital Affiliated of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350004 China
| | - Boxi Lin
- grid.411504.50000 0004 1790 1622Department of Clinical Laboratory, People’s Hospital Affiliated of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350004 China
| | - Jing Cui
- grid.411504.50000 0004 1790 1622Department of Clinical Laboratory, People’s Hospital Affiliated of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350004 China
| | - Juan Liao
- grid.411504.50000 0004 1790 1622Department of Clinical Laboratory, People’s Hospital Affiliated of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350004 China
| | - Fu Zhang
- grid.411504.50000 0004 1790 1622Department of Clinical Laboratory, People’s Hospital Affiliated of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350004 China
| | - Qing Lin
- grid.411504.50000 0004 1790 1622Department of Clinical Laboratory, People’s Hospital Affiliated of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350004 China
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Calcaterra V, Mameli C, Rossi V, Magenes VC, Massini G, Perazzi C, Verduci E, Zuccotti G. What we know about the relationship between autoimmune thyroid diseases and gut microbiota: a perspective on the role of probiotics on pediatric endocrinology. Minerva Pediatr (Torino) 2022; 74:650-671. [PMID: 36149093 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5276.22.06873-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autoimmune diseases account for a cumulative overall prevalence of about 3-5% worldwide. Among them, autoimmune thyroid diseases (ATDs) are the most common and comprise two main entities: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves-Basedow disease (GD). The pathogenesis of ATDs remains not fully elucidated, however the role of microbioma has been proposed. Gut microbiota exert an important influence on the intestinal barrier, nutrient metabolism and immune system development and functions. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION In this review, we describe on the main features of ATDs in pediatrics, focusing on the reciprocal influence between gut microbiota, thyroid hormone metabolism and thyroid autoimmunity and consider the role of probiotics and other microbiota-targeted therapies in thyroid diseases with a perspective on pediatric endocrinology. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Microbiome affects both endogenous and exogenous thyroid hormone metabolism and influences the absorption of minerals important to the thyroid function, which are iodine, selenium, zinc and iron. The alteration of the gut microbiota, with the consequent modifications in the barrier function and the increased gut permeability, seems involved in the development of autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases, including ATDs. The supplementation with probiotics showed beneficial effects on the thyroid hormone and thyroid function because this strategy could restore the intestinal eubiosis and the good strain microorganism proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Even though the evidence about the interaction between microbiota and ATDs in pediatric patients is limited, the promising results obtained in the adult population, and in other autoimmune disorders affecting children, highlight the need of for further research in the pediatric field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Calcaterra
- Department of Pediatrics, "V. Buzzi" Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy - .,Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy -
| | - Chiara Mameli
- Department of Pediatrics, "V. Buzzi" Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy.,"L. Sacco" Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Virginia Rossi
- Department of Pediatrics, "V. Buzzi" Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Massini
- Department of Pediatrics, "V. Buzzi" Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Perazzi
- Department of Pediatrics, "V. Buzzi" Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Elvira Verduci
- Department of Pediatrics, "V. Buzzi" Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Pediatrics, "V. Buzzi" Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy.,"L. Sacco" Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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20
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Li Q, Yang W, Li J, Shan Z. Emerging trends and hot spots in autoimmune thyroiditis research from 2000 to 2022: A bibliometric analysis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:953465. [PMID: 36032148 PMCID: PMC9402901 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.953465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is the most common autoimmune disease, affecting 3-5% patients worldwide. In recent years, approximately 200 articles on AIT have been published annually in various journals. However, to date, no article has systematically assessed the related literature. Therefore, we conducted a bibliometric analysis on AIT to reveal the dynamic scientific developments and help researchers gain a global perspective while exploring the hotspots and development trends. Methods AIT-related articles and reviews from 2000 to 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). The following search terms were used to extract document data: TS= (“ autoimmune thyroiditi*”) OR TI= (“chronic lymphocytic thyroiditi*”) OR TI=(hashimoto*) OR TI= (“postpartum thyroiditis”). We selected articles and reviews published in English from 2000 to 2022. Three software programs (VOSviewer, CiteSpace, Pajek) were employed to analyze the contribution and co-occurrence relationships of different references, countries/regions, institutes, journals and also keywords in this field. Results This scientometric study included 2290 English papers published in 723 journals with 39661 co-cited references from 561 institutions in 120 countries/regions. Based on the reference and keyword analysis, researchers used to focus on “apoptosis”, “insulin resistance”, “encephalopathy”, “IFN-γ” related to AIT during the past 20 years. However, with the development of other novel directions such as “papillary thyroid cancer” (2018-2022), “Vitamin D” (2016-2022), “oxidative stress” (2018-2022), “polymorphism” (2019-2022) and “association” (2020-2022), researchers are more interested in the relationship between papillary thyroid carcinoma and AIT, the effect of vitamin D supplementation on AIT, the oxidative stress in thyroid disease as well as the influence of polymorphism. Conclusion Bibliometric analysis of the outputs of AIT shows an overview of the current status of the research on AIT. The associations between papillary thyroid carcinoma, vitamin D, oxidative stress, polymorphism and AIT are major research frontiers. However, further research and collaboration are still required worldwide. Our findings can help researchers grasp the research status of AIT and quickly determine new directions for future research.
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Jiang W, Lu G, Gao D, Lv Z, Li D. The relationships between the gut microbiota and its metabolites with thyroid diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:943408. [PMID: 36060978 PMCID: PMC9433865 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.943408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging studies have provided a preliminary understanding of the thyroid-gut axis, indicating that intestinal microbiota and its metabolites may act directly or indirectly on the thyroid by influencing intestinal microelements uptake, iodothyronine conversion and storage, and immune regulation, providing new insights into the pathogenesis of thyroid disorders and clinical management strategies. However, the research on gut microbiota and thyroid has only presented the tip of the iceberg. More robust clinical data and basic experiments are still required to elucidate the specific relationships and mechanisms in the future. Here we will characterize the associations between the microbiota and thyroid diseases to evaluate their potential implications in the pathophysiology and open up scientific avenues for future precision studies of the thyroid-gut axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ganghua Lu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dingwei Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongwei Lv
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Dan Li, ; Zhongwei Lv,
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Dan Li, ; Zhongwei Lv,
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Lu X, Sun J, Liu T, Zhang H, Shan Z, Teng W. Changes in histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Arch Med Sci 2022; 18:153-163. [PMID: 35154536 PMCID: PMC8826973 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.85225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The precise pathogenesis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is yet to be fully elucidated. The role of epigenetics in the pathogenesis of HT has scarcely been addressed. Tri-methylated histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3) is generally regarded as a marker of gene activation. The aim of this study was to explore genome-wide H3K4me3 patterns and global protein levels in primary thyrocytes and thyroids from HT patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) was used to analyze genome-wide H3K4me3 patterns in primary cultured thyrocytes from three HT females and three age-matched female control subjects. Western blotting was used to analyze global H3K4me3 levels in thyrocytes and thyroid tissues. Gene expression was determined using RT-PCR. Mixed-lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1) protein levels were measured by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Nine genes - TG, CXCL8, CCL2, CXCL10, FASLG, ICAM1, ITGA4, IL18 and TRAIL - showed increased H3K4me3 enrichment in promoter regions around the transcriptional start sites, and gene expression of ICAM1, CCL2 and CXCL8 was consistently increased (p < 0.05). KEGG pathway analysis suggested that differential peak-related genes were markedly associated with autoimmune thyroid disease< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This first investigation of genome-wide H3K4me3 distribution in thyroid follicular cells suggested that genes associated with autoimmune thyroiditis showed differential H3K4me3 enrichment, which was partly related to gene expression. Global H3K4me3 changes and increased MLL1 expression were found in thyroid tissues from HT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixuan Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhongyan Shan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Weiping Teng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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Aleksić J. The influence of vitamin D and iron on thyroid function and thyroid autoimmunity. MEDICINSKI GLASNIK SPECIJALNE BOLNICE ZA BOLESTI ŠTITASTE ŽLEZDE I BOLESTI METABOLIZMA 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/mgiszm2287064a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Cheng CW, Tang KT, Fang WF, Lee TI, Lin JD. Differential serum interferon-β levels in autoimmune thyroid diseases. Arch Med Sci 2022; 18:1231-1240. [PMID: 36160354 PMCID: PMC9479710 DOI: 10.5114/aoms/110164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Interferon (IFN)-β is known as an environmental trigger for the occurrence of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). However, the association of another type-1 IFN, IFN-β, with AITD is unknown. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the study, we explored the association of serum IFN-β levels with AITD in an ethnic Chinese (i.e., Taiwanese) population. We enrolled 160 patients with Graves' disease (GD), 47 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), and 119 healthy controls. Serum IFN-β and B-cell activating factor (BAFF) levels were quantified in healthy controls at the baseline and in patients with AITD either prior to receiving medication or while under medication. Thyroid function and thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TSHRAb) levels were measured at the time of serum collection. RESULTS Serum IFN-β levels were lower in the HT group than in the control group (p = 0.031). A significant inverse correlation was observed between IFN-β and TSHRAb levels in men with GD (r = -0.433, p = 0.044). Serum IFN-β levels were also negatively associated with BAFF levels in men with GD, HT, and AITD (r = -0.320, p = 0.032; r = -0.817, p = 0.047; and r = -0.354, p = 0.011, respectively), but not in women with GD, HT, or AITD. CONCLUSIONS Serum IFN-β levels were lower in HT patients. Correlations of serum IFN-β with TSHRAb and BAFF levels were found to be gender-specific. Further well-designed studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Wen Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Traditional Herb Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kam-Tsun Tang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Fang Fang
- Department of Family Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ting-I Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Diann Lin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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Zhang Z, Liu J, Mao C, Zhang S, Wang X, Dong L. SJMHE1 protects against excessive iodine-induced pyroptosis in human thyroid follicular epithelial cells through a toll-like receptor 2-dependent pathway. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:631-639. [PMID: 35582426 PMCID: PMC9108411 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.66167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the effect of Schistosoma japonicum peptide (SJMHE1) on pyroptosis in thyroid follicular epithelial cells (TFCs) induced by excessive iodine and the potential mechanism, the effects of SJMHE1 were investigated in NaI-treated Nthy-ori 3-1 cells; and the involvement of the ROS/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways in these effects was evaluated by employing CCK-8 assays, flow cytometry, ELISA, and Western blotting experiments. We found that SJMHE1 significantly reduced NLRP3, N-terminus of gasdermin D (GSDMD-N) and cleaved caspase-1 (C-caspase-1) expression, and decreased IL-1β secretion in TFCs. SJMHE1 also markedly reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and decreased the phosphorylation levels of MAPK and NF-κB pathway members. Moreover, blocking of the Toll-like receptor 2 significantly impaired SJMHE1-mediated protection from excessive iodine-induced pyroptosis in TFCs. Therefore, our results suggested a protective role of SJMHE1 in excessive iodine-induced pyroptosis in TFCs, which might be attributed to its suppression for ROS/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway by binding of SJMHE1 with TLR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, P. R. China.,Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 212000, P. R. China
| | - Jiameng Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, P. R. China
| | - Chaoming Mao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, P. R. China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, P. R. China
| | - Liyang Dong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, P. R. China
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Adamczyk K, Rusyan E, Franek E. Safety of Aesthetic Medicine Procedures in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: A Literature Review. Medicina (B Aires) 2021; 58:medicina58010030. [PMID: 35056337 PMCID: PMC8779514 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroid diseases are the most common organ-specific autoimmune diseases, affecting 2–5% of the world’s population. Due to the autoimmune background of thyroid diseases, we analyzed a wide range of cosmetic procedures, from minimally invasive cosmetic injections (mesotherapy) to highly invasive procedures, such as lifting threads. Out of the seven categories of treatments in aesthetic medicine analyzed by us—hyaluronic acid, botulinum toxin, autologous platelet-rich plasma, autologous fat grafting, lifting threads, IPL and laser treatment and mesotherapy—only two, mesotherapy and lifting threads, are not recommended. This is due to the lack of safety studies and the potential possibility of a higher frequency of side effects in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Adamczyk
- Adamczyk Clinic, Żyzna 4, 03-613 Warsaw, Poland;
- Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration in Warsaw, Wołoska 137, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Rusyan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Warsaw Medical University, Żwirki I Wigury 61, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Edward Franek
- Clinic of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Diabetology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration in Warsaw, Wołoska 137, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-(47)-722-14-05
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27
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Kamyshna II, Pavlovych LB, Malyk IV, Kamyshnyi AM. 25-OH Vitamin D blood serum linkage with VDR gene polymorphism (rs2228570) in thyroid pathology patients in the West-Ukrainian population. J Med Life 2021; 14:549-556. [PMID: 34621381 PMCID: PMC8485381 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2021-0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is known to alter immune regulation. It binds to the vitamin D receptors (VDR) expressed on T lymphocytes and macrophages. In individuals with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, serum vitamin D levels were found to be lower compared to healthy controls. The study’s objective was to investigate the association between VDR gene polymorphism (rs2228570) with blood serum levels of 25-OH vitamin D in patients with thyroid pathology from western Ukraine. The study involved a total of 153 patients with various forms of thyroid pathology. 25-OH vitamin D levels in the serum of the patients and healthy individuals were quantified with ELISA using the 25-OH vitamin D Total (Vit D-Direct) Test System ELISA Kit (Monobind Inc.®, United States, Product Code: 9425-300) on the EIA Reader Sirio S (Seac, Italy). Genotyping of the VDR (rs2228570) gene polymorphism was performed using TaqMan probes and TaqMan Genotyping Master Mix (4371355) on CFX96™Real-Time PCR Detection System (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., USA). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for TaqMan genotyping was carried out according to the kit instructions (Applied Biosystems, USA). Our research identified that that genotype variants of VDR rs2228570 are not risk factors for reduced serum 25-OH vitamin D or vitamin D deficiency in patients with various forms of thyroid pathology patients in the West-Ukrainian population. Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in the carriers of AA and AG genotypes with hypothyroidism caused by autoimmune thyroiditis. In AA genotype carriers with postoperative hypothyroidism, 25-OH vitamin D levels were significantly lower compared to AA genotype carriers with autoimmune thyroiditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Ivanivna Kamyshna
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Larysa Borysivna Pavlovych
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Endocrinology, HSEEU Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
| | - Igor Volodymyrovych Malyk
- Department of the System Analysis and Insurance and Financial Mathematics, Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
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Association of miR-499 Polymorphism and Its Regulatory Networks with Hashimoto Thyroiditis Susceptibility: A Population-Based Case-Control Study. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810094. [PMID: 34576267 PMCID: PMC8470033 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is a common autoimmune disorder with a strong genetic background. Several genetic factors have been suggested, yet numerous genetic contributors remain to be fully understood in HT pathogenesis. MicroRNAs (miRs) are gene expression regulators critically involved in biological processes, of which polymorphisms can alter their function, leading to pathologic conditions, including autoimmune diseases. We examined whether miR-499 rs3746444 polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to HT in an Iranian subpopulation. Furthermore, we investigated the potential interacting regulatory network of the miR-499. This case-control study included 150 HT patients and 152 healthy subjects. Genotyping of rs3746444 was performed by the PCR-RFLP method. Also, target genomic sites of the polymorphism were predicted using bioinformatics. Our results showed that miR-499 rs3746444 was positively associated with HT risk in heterozygous (OR = 3.32, 95%CI = 2.00–5.53, p < 0.001, CT vs. TT), homozygous (OR = 2.81, 95%CI = 1.30–6.10, p = 0.014, CC vs. TT), dominant (OR = 3.22, 95%CI = 1.97–5.25, p < 0.001, CT + CC vs. TT), overdominant (OR = 2.57, 95%CI = 1.62–4.09, p < 0.001, CC + TT vs. CT), and allelic (OR = 1.92, 95%CI = 1.37–2.69, p < 0.001, C vs. T) models. Mapping predicted target genes of miR-499 on tissue-specific-, co-expression-, and miR-TF networks indicated that main hub-driver nodes are implicated in regulating immune system functions, including immunorecognition and complement activity. We demonstrated that miR-499 rs3746444 is linked to HT susceptibility in our population. However, predicted regulatory networks revealed that this polymorphism is contributing to the regulation of immune system pathways.
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Rotondo Dottore G, Bucci I, Lanzolla G, Dallan I, Sframeli A, Torregrossa L, Casini G, Basolo F, Figus M, Nardi M, Marcocci C, Marinò M. Genetic Profiling of Orbital Fibroblasts from Patients with Graves' Orbitopathy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e2176-e2190. [PMID: 33484567 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is an autoimmune disease that persists when immunosuppression is achieved. Orbital fibroblasts from GO patients display peculiar phenotypes even if not exposed to autoimmunity, possibly reflecting genetic or epigenetic mechanisms, which we investigated here. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore potential genetic or epigenetic differences using primary cultures of orbital fibroblasts from GO and control patients. METHODS Cell proliferation, hyaluronic acid (HA) secretion, and HA synthases (HAS) were measured. Next-generation sequencing and gene expression analysis of the whole genome were performed, as well as real-time-PCR of selected genes and global DNA methylation assay on orbital fibroblasts from 6 patients with GO and 6 control patients from a referral center. RESULTS Cell proliferation was higher in GO than in control fibroblasts. Likewise, HA in the cell medium was higher in GO fibroblasts. HAS-1 and HAS-2 did not differ between GO and control fibroblasts, whereas HAS-3 was more expressed in GO fibroblasts. No relevant gene variants were detected by whole-genome sequencing. However, 58 genes were found to be differentially expressed in GO compared with control fibroblasts, and RT-PCR confirmed the findings in 10 selected genes. We postulated that the differential gene expression was related to an epigenetic mechanism, reflecting diverse DNA methylation, which we therefore measured. In support of our hypothesis, global DNA methylation was significantly higher in GO fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS We propose that, following an autoimmune insult, DNA methylation elicits differential gene expression and sustains the maintenance of GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Rotondo Dottore
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Unit II, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Unit II, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Lanzolla
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Unit II, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Iacopo Dallan
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology, ENT Unit I, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Angela Sframeli
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology, Ophthalmopathy Unit I, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Liborio Torregrossa
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology, Pathology Unit, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giamberto Casini
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology, Ophthalmopathy Unit I, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fulvio Basolo
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology, Pathology Unit, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Michele Figus
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology, Ophthalmopathy Unit I, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Nardi
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology, Ophthalmopathy Unit I, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudio Marcocci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Unit II, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Michele Marinò
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Unit II, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Magatti M, Masserdotti A, Cargnoni A, Papait A, Stefani FR, Silini AR, Parolini O. The Role of B Cells in PE Pathophysiology: A Potential Target for Perinatal Cell-Based Therapy? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3405. [PMID: 33810280 PMCID: PMC8037408 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of preeclampsia (PE) is poorly understood; however, there is a large body of evidence that suggests a role of immune cells in the development of PE. Amongst these, B cells are a dominant element in the pathogenesis of PE, and they have been shown to play an important role in various immune-mediated diseases, both as pro-inflammatory and regulatory cells. Perinatal cells are defined as cells from birth-associated tissues isolated from term placentas and fetal annexes and more specifically from the amniotic membrane, chorionic membrane, chorionic villi, umbilical cord (including Wharton's jelly), the basal plate, and the amniotic fluid. They have drawn particular attention in recent years due to their ability to modulate several aspects of immunity, making them promising candidates for the prevention and treatment of various immune-mediated diseases. In this review we describe main findings regarding the multifaceted in vitro and in vivo immunomodulatory properties of perinatal cells, with a focus on B lymphocytes. Indeed, we discuss evidence on the ability of perinatal cells to inhibit B cell proliferation, impair B cell differentiation, and promote regulatory B cell formation. Therefore, the findings discussed herein unveil the possibility to modulate B cell activation and function by exploiting perinatal immunomodulatory properties, thus possibly representing a novel therapeutic strategy in PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Magatti
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (M.M.); (A.C.); (A.P.); (F.R.S.); (A.R.S.)
| | - Alice Masserdotti
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, 00168 Roma, Italy;
| | - Anna Cargnoni
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (M.M.); (A.C.); (A.P.); (F.R.S.); (A.R.S.)
| | - Andrea Papait
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (M.M.); (A.C.); (A.P.); (F.R.S.); (A.R.S.)
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, 00168 Roma, Italy;
| | - Francesca Romana Stefani
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (M.M.); (A.C.); (A.P.); (F.R.S.); (A.R.S.)
| | - Antonietta Rosa Silini
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (M.M.); (A.C.); (A.P.); (F.R.S.); (A.R.S.)
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, 00168 Roma, Italy;
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
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Chen Y, Han B, Yu J, Chen Y, Cheng J, Zhu C, Xia F, Wang N, Lu Y. Influence of Rapid Urbanization on Thyroid Autoimmune Disease in China. Int J Endocrinol 2021; 2021:9967712. [PMID: 34122544 PMCID: PMC8189768 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9967712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs), especially Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), has increased dramatically in China. Moreover, China is experiencing the largest scale of urbanization in the world. We intended to explore the relationship between rapid urbanization and HT. METHODS A total of 2946 subjects in Zhejiang Shangyu (SY) (n = 1546) and Jiangsu Nanjing (NJ) (n = 1400) were enrolled in this study. Serum TPOAb, TGAb, and thyrotropin (TSH) were measured, and ultrasonography of the thyroid was performed in all subjects. DNA was extracted from all subjects, and four SNPs were selected for genotyping. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) was used to screen the best interaction between genetic factors and environment factors. RESULTS TPOAb and TGAb concentrations were higher in NJ than in SY (34.60 vs. 14.00 IU/ml and 21.05 vs. 7.50 IU/ml). People in NJ also had higher TPOAb and TGAb positivity rates than those in SY (7.8% vs. 12.7% and 8.7% vs. 16.3%). Logistic regression analysis indicated that rapid urbanization was an independent risk factor for TPOAb (OR = 1.473) and TGAb (OR = 1.689). Genotype TT in rs11675434 was associated with an increased risk of TPOAb positivity both in SY (OR = 2.955) and in NJ (OR = 1.819). GMDR analysis showed a two-locus model (SNP2 × urbanization) and a three-locus model (SNP2 × SNP3 × urbanization), which had testing accuracies of 56.88% and 57.25%, respectively (P values were 0.001 and 0.001). CONCLUSION Rapid urbanization influences the incidence of TPOAb and TGAb positivity. We should pay more attention to thyroid autoimmune disease in areas of China experiencing rapid urbanization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchao Chen
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Han
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunfang Zhu
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangzhen Xia
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningjian Wang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingli Lu
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Chen Z, Liu Y, Hu S, Zhang M, Shi B, Wang Y. Decreased Treg Cell and TCR Expansion Are Involved in Long-Lasting Graves' Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:632492. [PMID: 33912135 PMCID: PMC8074859 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.632492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Graves' disease (GD) is a T cell-mediated organ-specific autoimmune disorder. GD patients who have taken anti-thyroid drugs (ATDs) for more than 5 years with positive anti-thyroid stimulating hormone receptor autoantibodies value were defined as persistent GD (pGD). To develop novel immunotherapies for pGD, we investigated the role of T cells in the long-lasting phase of GD. Clinical characteristics were compared between the pGD and newly diagnosed GD (nGD) (N = 20 respectively). Flow cytometric analysis was utilized to determine the proportions of Treg and Th17 cells (pGD, N = 12; nGD, N = 14). T cell receptor sequencing (TCR-seq) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) were also performed (pGD, N = 13; nGD, N = 20). Flow cytometric analysis identified lower proportions of Th17 and Treg cells in pGD than in nGD (P = 0.0306 and P = 0.0223). TCR-seq analysis revealed a lower diversity (P = 0.0025) in pGD. Specifically, marked clonal expansion, represented by an increased percentage of top V-J recombination, was observed in pGD patients. Interestingly, pGD patients showed more public T cell clonotypes than nGD patients (2,741 versus 966). Meanwhile, RNA-seq analysis revealed upregulation of the inflammation and chemotaxis pathways in pGD. Specifically, the expression of pro-inflammatory and chemotactic genes (IL1B, IL13, IL8, and CCL4) was increased in pGD, whereas Th17 and Treg cells associated genes (RORC, CARD9, STAT5A, and SATB1) decreased in pGD. Additionally, TCR diversity was negatively correlated with the expression of pro-inflammatory or chemotactic genes (FASLG, IL18R1, CCL24, and CCL14). These results indicated that Treg dysregulation and the expansion of pathogenic T cell clones might be involved in the long-lasting phase of GD via upregulating chemotaxis or inflammation response. To improve the treatment of pGD patients, ATDs combined therapies, especially those aimed at improving Treg cell frequencies or targeting specific expanded pathogenic TCR clones, are worth exploring in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Intelligent Networks & Networks Security, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Genome Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- BioBank, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shiqian Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Bingyin Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Bingyin Shi, ; Yue Wang,
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Intelligent Networks & Networks Security, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Genome Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Bingyin Shi, ; Yue Wang,
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Bufalo NE, Dos Santos RB, Rocha AG, Teodoro L, Romaldini JH, Ward LS. Polymorphisms of the genes CTLA4, PTPN22, CD40, and PPARG and their roles in Graves' disease: susceptibility and clinical features. Endocrine 2021; 71:104-112. [PMID: 32419081 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02337-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE CTLA4, PTPN22, and CD40 are immune-regulatory genes strongly associated with GD, as well as PPARG, but their clinical significance in different populations is still uncertain. METHODS We genotyped 282 Brazilian GD patients (234 women and 48 men, 39.80 ± 11.69 years old), including 144 patients with GO, and 308 healthy control individuals (246 women and 62 men, 36.86 ± 12.95 years old). RESULTS A multivariate analysis demonstrated that the inheritance of the GG genotype rs3087243 of CTLA4 (OR = 2.593; 95% CI = 1.630-4.123; p < 0.0001) and the CC genotype of rs3789607 of PTPN22 (OR = 2.668; 95% CI = 1.399-5.086; p = 0.0029) consisted in factors independent of the susceptibility to GD. The inheritance of polymorphic genotypes of rs5742909 of CTLA4 was associated with older age at the time of diagnosis (42.90 ± 10.83 versus 38.84 ± 11.81 years old; p = 0.0105), with higher TRAb levels (148.17 ± 188.90 U/L versus 112.14 ± 208.54 U/L; p = 0.0229) and the need for higher therapeutic doses of radioiodine (64.23 ± 17.16 versus 50.22 ± 16.86; p = 0.0237). The inheritance of the CC genotype of rs1883832 CD40 gene was more frequent among women (69.65%) than men (52.00%; p = 0.0186). The polymorphic genotype of PPARG gene (rs1801282) was associated with TPOAb positivity (p = 0.0391), and the GG genotype of rs2476601 of PTPN22 gene was associated with positivity for both TgAb (p = 0.0360) and TPOAb (p < 0.0001). Both polymorphic genotypes rs2476601 and rs3789607 of the PTPN22 gene were more frequent among nonsmoking patients (p = 0.0102 and p = 0.0124, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our data confirm the important role of CTLA4 polymorphisms in GD susceptibility; demonstrate the role of PTPN22 polymorphisms in patients' clinical features; and suggest these genes may influence the severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natássia Elena Bufalo
- Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Genetics, School of Medical Sciences (FCM), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Roberto Bernardo Dos Santos
- Division of Endocrinology, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas (PUCCAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angélica Gomes Rocha
- Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Genetics, School of Medical Sciences (FCM), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa Teodoro
- Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Genetics, School of Medical Sciences (FCM), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Hamilton Romaldini
- Division of Endocrinology, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas (PUCCAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Endocrinology Service, São Paulo State Public Servant's Hospital, Institute of Medical Assistance of the State Public Servant (HSPE-IAMSPE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Laura Sterian Ward
- Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Genetics, School of Medical Sciences (FCM), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Santos TARR, Marui S, Watanabe T, Lima N, Ozaki CO, Cerri GG, Chammas MC. Color Duplex Doppler US can Follow up the Response of Radioiodine in Graves' Disease by Evaluating the Thyroid Volume and Peak Systolic Velocity. ULTRASCHALL IN DER MEDIZIN (STUTTGART, GERMANY : 1980) 2020; 41:658-667. [PMID: 31137051 DOI: 10.1055/a-0902-4842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to prove the efficacy of Doppler ultrasonography (US-Doppler) in the follow-up of patients with GD treated with radioactive iodine. METHODS 97 patients (77 female and 20 male) with a mean age of 42 years (SD ± 15) and with prior diagnosis of GD were treated with radioiodine. In total, 88.5 % achieved euthyroidism or hypothyroidism after treatment. The study was documented before treatment and one, three, and six months after treatment with radioactive iodine (131I) by a single investigator. The volume, echogenicity, echotexture and vascularization of the glands as well as the peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the inferior thyroid arteries were evaluated and compared with the laboratory data. RESULTS Thyroid volume and PSV had a statistically significant correlation with hormone levels (p < 0.05). The mean pre-dose therapeutic thyroid volume was 43.01 ± 3.88 cm3 and was 11.58 ± 11.26 cm3 6 months after treatment. The mean PSV before 131I was 90.06 ± 44.13 cm/s and decreased significantly over time (p < 0.001). Six months after the therapeutic dose, the mean PSV was 32.95 ± 16.36 cm/s. However, the subjective parameters did not have a significant correlation with the normalization of the thyroid hormones. CONCLUSION Doppler US was useful for monitoring the therapeutic response of GD patients after treatment with radioiodine by evaluating the thyroid volume and peak systolic velocity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suemi Marui
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Endocrinology (LIM 25), Clinical Hospital of the Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tomoco Watanabe
- Radiology Institute, Clinical Hospital of the Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nicolau Lima
- Endocrinology Institute, Clinical Hospital of the Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Giovanni Guido Cerri
- Radiology Institute, Clinical Hospital of the Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria C Chammas
- Radiology Institute, Clinical Hospital of the Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Aktaş T, Celik SK, Genc GC, Arpaci D, Can M, Dursun A. Higher Levels of Serum TLR2 and TLR4 in Patients with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 20:118-126. [PMID: 30924423 DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666190329114621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disorder caused by the interaction between genes and environmental triggers. HT is the most common endocrine disorder, as well as the most common cause of hypothyroidism. Autoimmunity plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of HT and recent studies suggest that Toll-like receptor (TLR) signals lead to increased inflammatory response. The aim of our study is to investigate whether TLR-2 and TLR-4 levels and gene polymorphisms contribute to the damaged immune response leading to HT. METHODS Using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TLR2 gene Arg677Trp, Arg753Gln, 196-174 del and TLR4 gene Asp299Gly, Thr399Ile were studied in 100 patients with HT and 100 healthy controls. Also, we investigated serum levels of TLR-2 and TLR-4 in the immunopathogenesis of HT. TLR-2 and TLR-4 serum levels were found to be significantly higher in HT patients than the control group. However, no statistical significance was found between patient and control groups in terms of genotype frequencies and allele frequency distribution of TLR2 gene Arg677Trp, Arg753Gln, 196-174 del and TLR4 gene Asp299Gly, Thr399Ile polymorphisms. RESULT TLR2 gene Arg677Trp, Arg753Gln, 196-174 del and TLR4 gene Asp299Gly, Thr399Ile polymorphism do not appear to have a role in the development of HT disease. However, in our study, serum levels of TLR-2 and TLR-4 were found to be higher in HT patients than control groups. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that TLR-2 and TLR-4 play an important role in the immunopathologic mechanism of disease by causing an increase in proinflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Aktaş
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Sevim K Celik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Gunes C Genc
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Bulent Ecevit University, Zongulda, Turkey
| | - Dilek Arpaci
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Murat Can
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Dursun
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Bulent Ecevit University, Zongulda, Turkey
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Differential Microbial Pattern Description in Subjects with Autoimmune-Based Thyroid Diseases: A Pilot Study. J Pers Med 2020; 10:jpm10040192. [PMID: 33114469 PMCID: PMC7712884 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10040192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between genetic susceptibility, epigenetic, endogenous, and environmental factors play a key role in the initiation and progression of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs). Studies have shown that gut microbiota alterations take part in the development of autoimmune diseases. We have investigated the possible relationship between gut microbiota composition and the most frequent AITDs. A total of nine Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), nine Graves-Basedow's disease (GD), and 11 otherwise healthy donors (HDs) were evaluated. 16S rRNA pyrosequencing and bioinformatics analysis by Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology and Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) were used to analyze the gut microbiota. Beta diversity analysis showed that gut microbiota from our groups was different. We observed an increase in bacterial richness in HT and a lower evenness in GD in comparison to the HDs. GD showed a significant increase of Fusobacteriaceae, Fusobacterium and Sutterella compared to HDs and the core microbiome features showed that Prevotellaceae and Prevotella characterized this group. Victivallaceae was increased in HT and was part of their core microbiome. Streptococcaceae, Streptococcus and Rikenellaceae were greater in HT compared to GD. Core microbiome features of HT were represented by Streptococcus, Alistipes, Anaerostipes, Dorea and Haemophilus. Faecalibacterium decreased in both AITDs compared to HDs. PICRUSt analysis demonstrated enrichment in the xenobiotics degradation, metabolism, and the metabolism of cofactors and vitamins in GD patients compared to HDs. Moreover, correlation studies showed that some bacteria were widely correlated with autoimmunity parameters. A prediction model evaluated a possible relationship between predominant concrete bacteria such as an unclassified genus of Ruminococcaceae, Sutterella and Faecalibacterium in AITDs. AITD patients present altered gut microbiota compared to HDs. These alterations could be related to the immune system development in AITD patients and the loss of tolerance to self-antigens.
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Hashimoto's thyroiditis: An update on pathogenic mechanisms, diagnostic protocols, therapeutic strategies, and potential malignant transformation. Autoimmun Rev 2020; 19:102649. [PMID: 32805423 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hashimoto's thyroiditis, characterized by thyroid-specific autoantibodies, is one of the commonest autoimmune disorders. Although the exact etiology has not been fully elucidated, Hashimoto's thyroiditis is related to an interaction among genetic elements, environmental factors and epigenetic influences. Cellular and humoral immunity play a key role in the development of the disease; thus, a T and B cells inflammatory infiltration is frequently found. Histopathologic features of the disease include lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, lymphoid follicle formation with germinal centers, and parenchymal atrophy. Moreover, the occurrence of large follicular cells and oxyphilic or Askanazy cells is frequently associated to Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Clinically, Hashimoto's thyroiditis is characterized mainly by systemic manifestations due to the damage of the thyroid gland, developing a primary hypothyroidism. Diagnosis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis is clinical and based on clinical characteristics, positivity to serum antibodies against thyroid antigens (thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin), and lymphocytic infiltration on cytological examination. The mainstream of treatment is based on the management of the hypothyroidism with a substitution therapy. A relationship between Hashimoto's thyroiditis and a possible malignant transformation has been proposed in several studies and involves immunological/hormonal pathogenic links although specific correlation is still debated and needs to be further investigated with prospective studies.
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Greeson KW, Fowler KL, Estave PM, Kate Thompson S, Wagner C, Clayton Edenfield R, Symosko KM, Steves AN, Marder EM, Terrell ML, Barton H, Koval M, Marcus M, Easley CA. Detrimental effects of flame retardant, PBB153, exposure on sperm and future generations. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8567. [PMID: 32444626 PMCID: PMC7244482 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65593-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In 1973, the Velsicol Chemical Company, which manufactured FireMaster, a brominated flame retardant, and NutriMaster, a nutritional supplement, mistakenly shipped hundreds of pounds of FireMaster to grain mills around Michigan where it was incorporated into animal feed and then into the food chain across the state. An estimated 6.5 million Michigan residents consumed polybrominated biphenyl (PBB)-laced animal products leading to one of the largest agricultural accidents in U.S. history. To date, there have been no studies investigating the effects of PBB on epigenetic regulation in sperm, which could explain some of the endocrine-related health effects observed among children of PBB-exposed parents. Fusing epidemiological approaches with a novel in vitro model of human spermatogenesis, we demonstrate that exposure to PBB153, the primary component of FireMaster, alters the epigenome in human spermatogenic cells. Using our novel stem cell-based spermatogenesis model, we show that PBB153 exposure decreases DNA methylation at regulatory elements controlling imprinted genes. Furthermore, PBB153 affects DNA methylation by reducing de novo DNA methyltransferase activity at increasing PBB153 concentrations as well as reducing maintenance DNA methyltransferase activity at the lowest tested PBB153 concentration. Additionally, PBB153 exposure alters the expression of genes critical to proper human development. Taken together, these results suggest that PBB153 exposure alters the epigenome by disrupting methyltransferase activity leading to defects in imprint establishment causing altered gene expression, which could contribute to health concerns in the children of men exposed to PBB153. While this chemical is toxic to those directly exposed, the results from this study indicate that the epigenetic repercussions may be detrimental to future generations. Above all, this model may be expanded to model a multitude of environmental exposures to elucidate the effect of various chemicals on germline epigenetics and how paternal exposure may impact the health of future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Watkins Greeson
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Kristen L Fowler
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Paige M Estave
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - S Kate Thompson
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Chelsea Wagner
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R Clayton Edenfield
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Krista M Symosko
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Alyse N Steves
- Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Marder
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Metrecia L Terrell
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hillary Barton
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael Koval
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Michele Marcus
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Charles A Easley
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
- Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Ibili ABP, Selver Eklioglu B, Atabek ME. General properties of autoimmune thyroid diseases and associated morbidities. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2020; 33:509-515. [PMID: 32126013 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2019-0331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Autoimmune thyroid diseases (ATDs) can be classified into two basic diseases: Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). Here, we review the effectiveness of laboratory and imaging methods used for the early diagnosis of ATD and draw attention to methods that may improve screening. Methods Retrospective data of 142 patients diagnosed with ATD between January 2010 and December 2015 at our paediatric endocrinology clinic were used. Sociodemographic characteristics, clinical findings, treatments and follow-up data of patients were statistically evaluated. Results Of the ATD cases, 81% (n = 115) were female. The median age was 12.5 ± 3.5 (range 1-17) years and 91% (n = 129) of patients were in puberty. There was a significant positive correlation between the height (standard deviation score) and follow-up time for patients with HT (r = 0.156, p < 0.01). Thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) positivity was found in 75% (45/60) of females with a positive maternal ATD history (p = 0.045). Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4) values were significantly altered during the treatment follow-up period in female patients with GD and HT, while only fT4 values were found to be significantly altered in boys with HT. Conclusion Although GD and HT have similar mechanisms, they differ in terms of treatment duration and remission and relapse frequencies. Ultrasonography (USG) screening is a non-invasive procedure that is suitable for all patients with ATD. Based on our results, TgAb could be useful in the screening of girls with a history of maternal ATD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysel Burcu Palandokenlier Ibili
- Clinic of Child Health and Disease, Afyonkarahisar University of Health Sciences Hospital, Erkmen, Afyonkarahisar 03200, Turkey, Phone: +90 444 03 04, Fax: +90 0272 246 33 44
| | - Beray Selver Eklioglu
- Clinic of Child Endocrinology, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical Faculty Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emre Atabek
- Clinic of Child Endocrinology, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical Faculty Hospital, Konya, Turkey
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Wang Z, Yang Y, Liu S, Feng J, Zhang Y, Ke J, Zhao D. CD26/DPP4 levels in peripheral blood and T cells in Hashimoto's thyroiditis with normal thyroid function. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 77:105941. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Yi R, Yang L, Zeng S, Su Y. Different expression profile of mRNA and long noncoding RNA in autoimmune thyroid diseases patients. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:19442-19456. [PMID: 31452253 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruhai Yi
- Endocrinology Department The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Diabetes Research Insititute of Fujian Province Fuzhou Fujian Province People's Republic of China
| | - Liyong Yang
- Endocrinology Department The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Diabetes Research Insititute of Fujian Province Fuzhou Fujian Province People's Republic of China
| | - Saifan Zeng
- Pathology Department The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University China
| | - Yueqing Su
- Center of Neonatal Screening, Fujian Provincal Maternity and Children's Hospital Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University Fuzhou Fujian Province China
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Cheng CW, Tang KT, Fang WF, Lin JD. Synchronized expressions of serum osteopontin and B cell-activating factor in autoimmune thyroid disease. Eur J Clin Invest 2019; 49:e13122. [PMID: 31034586 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteopontin (OPN) is recognized as a potent immunoregulator of autoimmune disease. In the study, we tried to explore the association of serum OPN levels with autoimmune thyroid disease, including Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), in an ethnic Chinese population. MATERIALS AND METHODS We enrolled 131 patients with GD, 33 patients with HT and 123 healthy controls. Serum OPN, B cell-activating factor (BAFF) and interferon (IFN)-α levels were quantified. Graves' disease patients with high thyroid function at the time of sample collection were defined as having active GD, while the other patients were defined as having inactive GD. RESULTS Serum OPN levels were higher in active GD than in inactive GD and the control groups (P = 0.001 and P = 0.018, respectively). In GD, significant associations of OPN levels with thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TSHRAb) levels were observed in women (r = -0.344, P = 0.002, and r = 0.440, P = 0.004, respectively) but not in men. Osteopontin levels were associated with BAFF levels only in women with GD or HT (r = 0.506, P < 0.001 and r = 0.430, P = 0.025, respectively), but not in men with GD or HT. CONCLUSIONS Serum OPN levels were upregulated in active GD, and serum OPN levels were associated with thyroid function and TSHRAb levels in GD. Additionally, OPN levels were correlated with BAFF levels in GD and HT. The associations of OPN levels with clinical phenotypes of GD and BAFF levels showed a dimorphic pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Wen Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Traditional Herb Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kam-Tsun Tang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Fang Fang
- Department of Family Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Diann Lin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lu X, Peng S, Wang X, Shan Z, Teng W. Decreased expression of FcγRII in active Graves' disease patients. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 33:e22904. [PMID: 31033004 PMCID: PMC6642309 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Graves' disease (GD) is a common autoimmune disease characterized by genetic and environmental factors. Fcγ receptors (FcγRs) are involved in several autoimmune disorders through recognizing immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibodies and mediating immune response. The study on the expression of FcγRs in GD patients is scarce. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of three different types of FcγRs in patients with active and remissive GD. Methods Blood samples of patients and healthy subjects were collected to analyze the percentage of FcγRI (CD64), FcγRII (CD32), and FcγRIII (CD16) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and monocytes by flow cytometry and Western blotting. CD32 isotypes were also examined in cases and controls by real‐time PCR. Results The cell percentages expressed CD32 and protein expressions of CD32 on PBMCs, and monocytes from patients with active GD were significantly reduced compared to controls and patients with remissive GD. In particular, the expression of CD32B on PBMC was also decreased in active GD patients. However, the cell percentages expressed CD16 and CD64 from PBMCs and monocytes were comparable between three groups. Besides, the percentages of CD14+CD32+ cells were negatively correlated with TRAb titers in active GD patients (r = −0.5825, P < 0.001). Conclusion These results suggested that CD32 may act as a novel marker for active GDs. The expression of monocytic CD32, in particular CD32B, in GD patients might play a crucial role in maintaining FcγRs function and be a therapeutic target in GD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixuan Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shiqiao Peng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhongyan Shan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weiping Teng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Bayramoğlu E, Elmaogulları S, Sagsak E, Aycan Z. Evaluation of long-term follow-up and methimazole therapy outcomes of pediatric Graves' disease: a single-center experience. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2019; 32:341-346. [PMID: 30862763 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2018-0495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background The management options for Graves' disease in children are limited and there is controversy regarding optimal treatment. Remission rate with anti-thyroid drug (ATD) treatment in children is said to be lower than in adults. Definitive treatments are effective, but they often result in permanent hypothyroidism. The objective of this study was to investigate the outcome of methimazole treatment, identify significant predictors of a remission and evaluate the adverse effects of methimazole in a pediatric population of GD patients. Methods Medical records of the patients who had been diagnosed with Graves' disease were screened retrospectively. Diagnostic criteria included elevated free thyroxine (fT4) and total triiodothyronine (T3), suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and either positive thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) or thyroid receptor antibodies (TRABs) or clinical signs suggestive of Graves' disease, for example, exophthalmos. Remission was defined as maintenance of euthyroidism for more than 12 months after discontinuing methimazole treatment. Results Of the 48 patients, provisional remission was achieved in 21 patients. Of the 21 patients, 14 experienced a relapse (66.6%). Remission was achieved in seven (24.1%) of 29 patients who received methimazole treatment for more than 2 years. In patients who achieved long-term remission, the male sex ratio and fT4 levels at diagnosis were significantly lower than the relapsed and non-remission groups, whereas the free triiodothyronine (fT3)/fT4 ratio and duration of methimazole treatment were significantly higher than the relapse group. Conclusions Long-term methimazole treatment in pediatric Graves' disease would be appropriate. High fT4 levels at the time of diagnosis and male sex were associated with a risk of relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvan Bayramoğlu
- Dr. Sami Ulus Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Altındağ/Ankara 06020, Turkey, Phone: +90 03123056513, Fax: +90 03123170353
| | - Selin Elmaogulları
- Dr. Sami Ulus Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Altındağ/Ankara, Turkey
| | - Elif Sagsak
- Dr. Sami Ulus Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Altındağ/Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zehra Aycan
- Dr. Sami Ulus Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Altındağ/Ankara, Turkey
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Rahman S, Archana A, Jan AT, Dutta D, Shankar A, Kim J, Minakshi R. Molecular Insights Into the Relationship Between Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases and Breast Cancer: A Critical Perspective on Autoimmunity and ER Stress. Front Immunol 2019; 10:344. [PMID: 30881358 PMCID: PMC6405522 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiopathologies behind autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) unravel misbehavior of immune components leading to the corruption of immune homeostasis where thyroid autoantigens turn foe to the self. In AITDs lymphocytic infiltration in the thyroid shows up a deranged immune system charging the follicular cells of the thyroid gland (thyrocytes) leading to the condition of either hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. The inflammation in AITDs consistently associate with ER function due to which disturbances in the ER protein homeostasis leads to unfolded protein response (UPR) that promotes pathogenesis of autoimmunity. The roles of ER stress in the instantaneous downregulation of MHC class I molecules on thyrocytes and the relevance of IFN γ in the pathogenesis of AITD has been well-documented. Thyroglobulin being the major target of autoantibodies in most of the AITDs is because of its unusual processing in the ER. Autoimmune disorders display a conglomeration of ER stress-induced UPR activated molecules. Several epidemiological data highlight the preponderance of AITDs in women as well as its concurrence with breast cancer. Both being an active glandular system displaying endocrine activity, thyroid as well as breast tissue show various commonalities in the expression pattern of heterogenous molecules that not only participate in the normal functioning but at the same time share the blame during disease establishment. Studies on the development and progression of breast carcinoma display a deranged and uncontrolled immune response, which is meticulously exploited during tumor metastasis. The molecular crosstalks between AITDs and breast tumor microenvironment rely on active participation of immune cells. The induction of ER stress by Tunicamycin advocates to provide a model for cancer therapy by intervening glycosylation. Therefore, this review attempts to showcase the molecules that are involved in feeding up the relationship between breast carcinoma and AITDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safikur Rahman
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Ayyagari Archana
- Department of Microbiology, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Arif Tasleem Jan
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | - Durgashree Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry, Jan Nayak Chaudhary Devilal Dental College, Sirsa, India
| | - Abhishek Shankar
- Department of Preventive Oncology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jihoe Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Rinki Minakshi
- Department of Microbiology, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
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Hu Y, Zhang L, Chen H, Liu X, Zheng X, Shi H, Jiang L, Cui D. Analysis of Regulatory T Cell Subsets and Their Expression of Helios and PD-1 in Patients with Hashimoto Thyroiditis. Int J Endocrinol 2019; 2019:5368473. [PMID: 31214258 PMCID: PMC6535823 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5368473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease that presumably arises consequent to loss of immune tolerance to autoantigen in thyroid. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are considered to play a vital role in maintaining the immune balance, as they own intensive suppressive function. This study was undertaken to analyze numbers of Tregs and their expressions of Helios and PD-1 in HT patients. It also aimed to explore the relationship of these with thyroid function and specific autoantibodies. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were extracted from blood of 20 healthy controls (HC) and 42 HT patients with varying thyroid functions (10 overt hypothyroidism, 12 subclinical hypothyroidism, and 20 euthyroidism). We performed flow cytometry analysis in PBMCs to detect CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Tregs and their subsets, including CD45RO+Foxp3high activated Treg cells (aTregs), CD45RO-Foxp3low resting Tregs cells (rTregs), and CD45RO+Foxp3low secreting Treg cells (sTregs), as well as the expression of Helios and PD-1 on these cells. The results showed that the percentage of Tregs, aTregs was significantly lower in HT patients and it showed inverse correlation to thyroid function states, in comparison with these in healthy controls. In addition, patients with HT showed decreased expression of Helios in aTregs, while having increased expression of PD-1 in Tregs and sTregs. The levels of Tregs, aTregs, and Helios expressing aTregs were all negatively correlated with antithyroid antibodies. In conclusion, the deficiency of Tregs frequency and aberrant expressions of Helios and PD-1 may possibly contribute to thyroid immune damage in HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Huanhuan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuqin Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - He Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Dai Cui
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, China
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Baldini E, Odorisio T, Tuccilli C, Persechino S, Sorrenti S, Catania A, Pironi D, Carbotta G, Giacomelli L, Arcieri S, Vergine M, Monti M, Ulisse S. Thyroid diseases and skin autoimmunity. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2018; 19:311-323. [PMID: 29948572 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-018-9450-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The skin is the largest organ of the body, at the boundary with the outside environment. Primarily, it provides a physical and chemical barrier against external insults, but it can act also as immune organ because it contains a whole host of immune-competent cells of both the innate and the adaptive immune systems, which cooperate in eliminating invading pathogens following tissue injury. On the other hand, improper skin immune responses lead to autoimmune skin diseases (AISD), such as pemphigus, bullous pemphigoid, vitiligo, and alopecia. Although the interplay among genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors has been shown to play a major role in AISD etiology and progression, the molecular mechanisms underlying disease development are far from being fully elucidated. In this context, epidemiological studies aimed at defining the association of different AISD with other autoimmune pathologies revealed possible shared molecular mechanism(s) responsible for disease progression. In particular, over the last decades, a number of reports have highlighted a significant association between thyroid diseases (TD), mainly autoimmune ones (AITD), and AISD. Here, we will recapitulate the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and pathogenesis of the main AISD, and we will summarize the epidemiological evidence showing the associations with TD as well as possible molecular mechanism(s) underlying TD and AISD pathological manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enke Baldini
- Department of Surgical Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Odorisio
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Tuccilli
- Department of Surgical Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Salvatore Sorrenti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Catania
- Department of Surgical Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Pironi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Carbotta
- Department of Surgical Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Giacomelli
- Department of Surgical Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Arcieri
- Department of Surgical Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Vergine
- Department of Surgical Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Monti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Ulisse
- Department of Surgical Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A 7-year Retrospective Study in China. Am J Med Sci 2018; 356:344-349. [PMID: 30360802 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2018.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study was a retrospective case-controlled study. We aimed to determine the clinical and laboratory features of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and compared the features of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) with those of SLE. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 38 patients with SLE with AITD (SLE-AITD) and 190 age- and gender-matched SLE patients. The distribution of sociodemographic and clinical factors was compared between the SLE-AITD and SLE groups using Chi-square tests for gender and t tests for others. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with the prevalence of AITD among SLE patients. RESULTS In univariate analysis, malar rash, oral ulcers, serositis, anti-double-stranded DNA antibody positivity (anti-dsDNA+), anti-Sjögren's syndrome type A antibodies (SSA), anti-Sjögren's syndrome type B antibodies (SSB), low complement 3 (C3), and low complement 4 (C4) were significantly different between the SLE-AITD and SLE groups. There were no significant differences among other clinical or laboratory features. In multivariate analysis, serositis (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 3.64; P = 0.00), anti-dsDNA+ (AOR, 0.30; P = 0.01) and low C3 (AOR, 0.30; P = 0.02) were all associated with SLE-AITD. CONCLUSIONS In our study, serositis was a risk factor for AITD, so we propose that AITD should be considered in lupus patients with serositis.
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Mel'nichenko GA, Larina II. Syndrome of thyrotoxicosis. Differential diagnosis and treatment. TERAPEVT ARKH 2018; 90:4-23. [DOI: 10.26442/terarkh201890104-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Since the middle of the twentieth century, there has been a significant change in methods of the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid diseases with thyrotoxicosis syndrome. Previously doctors did not have trouble just with diagnosing diseases that occur with a typical clinical presentation (the Merzeburg triad, a multinodal goiter with fibrillation) because of no possible to determine thyroid hormones. Then in the early 70s years the appearance of immunological methods for estimating hormones in the blood has led to significant changes in our understanding of the variants of thyroid pathology with thyrotoxicosis (TT). Today, the diagnosis of the fact of thyrotoxicosis as a whole is not difficult (except for the confusion of preanalytical errors), but differential diagnosis within the declared syndrome remains extremely relevant to this day. Unfortunately, in the minds of many doctors, these diseases are sometimes perceived as a whole, and in the conditions of the "century of speeds", a modern doctor, extremely limited in time, often unjustifiably prescribes thyreostatic therapy, treatment with radioactive iodine or even surgical intervention after detecting thyrotoxicosis. The old truth "remember that a patient with thyrotoxicosis is a person with a sick heart..." has not lost relevance today. It is very important for the practicing physician be able to navigate in the spectrum of pathologies manifested by the thyrotoxicosis pattern because of the influence of excess thyroid hormones on the cardiovascular system and the hemostasis system. Hereinafter we tried to show diagnostic aspects focusing on differences in pathologies with TT syndrome in a lot of thyroid diseases and even nonthyroid diseases.
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Tan B, Yuan W, Li J, Yang P, Ge Z, Liu J, Qiu C, Zhu X, Qiu C, Lai D, Guo L, Wang L, Yu L. Therapeutic effect of human amniotic epithelial cells in murine models of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Systemic lupus erythematosus. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:1247-1258. [PMID: 30174233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS The chronic inflammation of autoimmune diseases develops repetitive localized destruction or systemic disorders, represented by Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) respectively. Currently, there are no efficient ways to treat these autoimmune diseases. Therefore, it is critically important to explore new therapeutic strategies. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) in murine models of HT and SLE. METHODS Experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT) was induced in female CBA/J mice by immunization with porcine thyroglobulin (pTg). hAECs were intravenously administered at different time points during the disease course. MRL-Faslpr mice, a strain with spontaneously occurring SLE, were intravenously administered hAECs when their sera were positive for both anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs) and anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies. Two weeks after the last cell transplantation, blood and tissue samples were collected for histological examination and immune system analysis. RESULTS hAECs prevented lymphocytes infiltration into the thyroid and improved the damage of thyroid follicular in EAT mice. Correspondingly, hAECs administration reduced anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (TGAb), anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. SLE mice injected with hAECs appeared negative for ANAs and anti-dsDNA antibodies and showed reduced immunoglobulin profiles. Mechanically, hAECs modulated the immune cells balance in EAT and SLE mice, by downregulating the ratios of Th17/Treg cells in both EAT and SLE mice and upregulating the proportion of B10 cells in EAT mice. This was confirmed by in vitro assay, in which hAECs inhibited the activation of EAT mice-derived splenocytes. Moreover, hAECs improved the cytokine environment in both EAT and SLE mice, by suppressing the levels of IL-17A and IFN-γ and enhancing TGF-β. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated the immunoregulatory effect of hAECs for inflammation inhibition and injury recovery in HT and SLE murine models. The current study may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for these autoimmune diseases in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Tan
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hangzhou, China; College of Life Sciences-iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory, Hangzhou, China; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weixin Yuan
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hangzhou, China; College of Life Sciences-iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory, Hangzhou, China; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinying Li
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hangzhou, China; College of Life Sciences-iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory, Hangzhou, China; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengjie Yang
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hangzhou, China; College of Life Sciences-iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory, Hangzhou, China; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Ge
- Institute of Materia Medica, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hangzhou, China; College of Life Sciences-iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory, Hangzhou, China; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hangzhou, China; College of Life Sciences-iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory, Hangzhou, China; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhu
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hangzhou, China; College of Life Sciences-iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory, Hangzhou, China; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cong Qiu
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hangzhou, China; College of Life Sciences-iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory, Hangzhou, China; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongmei Lai
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Lihe Guo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Shanghai iCELL Biotechnology Co Ltd, Shanghai 200333, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Luyang Yu
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hangzhou, China; College of Life Sciences-iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory, Hangzhou, China; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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