Imbalanced expression of Bcl-xL and Bax in platelets treated with plasma from immune thrombocytopenia

The protective effect of ginsenoside Rg1 against sepsis-induced lung injury through PI3K-Akt pathway: insights from molecular dynamics simulation and experimental validation

Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (SALI) poses a significant threat with high incidence and mortality rates. Ginsenoside Rg1 (GRg1), derived from Ginseng in traditional Chinese medicine, has been found to reduce inflammation and protect lung epithelial cells against tissue damage. However, the specific roles and mechanisms by which GRg1 mitigates SALI have yet to be fully elucidated. In this context, we employed a relevant SALI mouse model, alongside network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation to pinpoint GRg1's action targets, complemented by in vitro assays to explore the underlying mechanisms. Our research shows that GRg1 alleviates CLP-induced SALI, decreasing lung tissue damage and levels of serum proinflammatory factor IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β, also enhancing the survival rate of CLP mice. A total of 116 common targets between GRg1 and ALI, with specific core targets including AKT1, VEGFA, SRC, IGF1, ESR1, STAT3, and ALB. Further in vitro experiments assessed GRg1's intervention effects on MLE-12 cells exposed to LPS, with qRT-PCR analysis and molecular dynamics simulations confirming AKT1 as the key target with the favorable binding activity for GRg1. Western blot results indicated that GRg1 increased the Bcl-2/Bax protein expression ratio to reduce apoptosis and decreased the high expression of cleaved caspase-3 in LPS-induced MLE-12 cells. More results showed significant increases in the phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT1. Flow cytometric analysis using PI and Annexin-V assays further verified that GRg1 decreased the apoptosis rate in LPS-stimulated MLE-12 cells (from 14.85 to 6.54%, p < 0.05). The employment of the AKT1 inhibitor LY294002 confirmed these trends, indicating that AKT1's inhibition negates GRg1's protective effects on LPS-stimulated MLE-12 cells. In conclusion, our research highlights GRg1's potential as an effective adjunct therapy for SALI, primarily by inhibiting apoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells and reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, thus significantly enhancing the survival rates of CLP mice. These beneficial effects are mediated through targeting AKT1 and activating the PI3K-AKT pathway.

Decreased cyclooxygenase-2 associated with impaired megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis in primary immune thrombocytopenia

BACKGROUND

Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of prostanoids, which is mostly inducible by inflammatory cytokines. The participation of COX-2 in the maturation of megakaryocytes has been reported but barely studied in primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).

METHODS

The expressions of COX-2 and Caspase-1, Caspase-3 and Caspase-3 p17 subunit in platelets from ITP patients and healthy controls (HC), and the expressions of COX-2 and CD41 in bone marrow (BM) of ITP patients were measured and analyzed for correlations. The effects of COX-2 inhibitor on megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis were assessed by in vitro culture of Meg01 cells and murine BM-derived megakaryocytes and in vivo experiments of passive ITP mice.

RESULTS

The expression of COX-2 was decreased and Caspase-1 and Caspase-3 p17 were increased in platelets from ITP patients compared to HC. In platelets from ITP patients, the COX-2 expression was positively correlated with platelet count and negatively correlated to the expression of Caspase-1. In ITP patients BM, the expression of CD41 was positively correlated with the expression of COX-2. COX-2 inhibitor inhibited the count of megakaryocytes and impaired the maturation and platelet production in Meg01 cells and bone marrow-derived megakaryocytes. COX-2 inhibitor aggravated thrombocytopenia and damaged megakaryopoiesis in ITP murine model.

CONCLUSION

COX-2 plays a vital role in the physiologic and pathologic conditions of ITP by intervening the survival of platelets and impairing the megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis of megakaryocytes.

Excessive serine from the bone marrow microenvironment impairs megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis in Multiple Myeloma

Thrombocytopenia is a major complication in a subset of patients with multiple myeloma (MM). However, little is known about its development and significance during MM. Here, we show thrombocytopenia is linked to poor prognosis in MM. In addition, we identify serine, which is released from MM cells into the bone marrow microenvironment, as a key metabolic factor that suppresses megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis. The impact of excessive serine on thrombocytopenia is mainly mediated through the suppression of megakaryocyte (MK) differentiation. Extrinsic serine is transported into MKs through SLC38A1 and downregulates SVIL via SAM-mediated tri-methylation of H3K9, ultimately leading to the impairment of megakaryopoiesis. Inhibition of serine utilization or treatment with TPO enhances megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis and suppresses MM progression. Together, we identify serine as a key metabolic regulator of thrombocytopenia, unveil molecular mechanisms governing MM progression, and provide potential therapeutic strategies for treating MM patients by targeting thrombocytopenia.

Protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN22 negatively modulates platelet function and thrombus formation

Protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 22 (PTPN22) is a protein tyrosine phosphatase that negatively regulates T-cell signaling. However, whether it is expressed and functions in platelets remains unknown. Here we investigated the expression and role of PTPN22 in platelet function. We reported PTPN22 expression in both human and mouse platelets. Using PTPN22-/- mice, we showed that PTPN22 deficiency significantly shortened tail-bleeding time and accelerated arterial thrombus formation without affecting venous thrombosis and the coagulation factors VIII and IX. Consistently, PTPN22-deficient platelets exhibited enhanced platelet aggregation, granule secretion, calcium mobilization, lamellipodia formation, spreading, and clot retraction. Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis revealed the significant difference of phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5A) phosphorylation in PTPN22-deficient platelets compared with wild-type platelets after collagen-related peptide stimulation, which was confirmed by increased PDE5A phosphorylation (Ser92) in collagen-related peptide-treated PTPN22-deficient platelets, concomitant with reduced level and vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein phosphorylation (Ser157/239). In addition, PTPN22 interacted with phosphorylated PDE5A (Ser92) and dephosphorylated it in activated platelets. Moreover, purified PTPN22 but not the mutant form (C227S) possesses intrinsic serine phosphatase activity. Furthermore, inhibition of PTPN22 enhanced human platelet aggregation, spreading, clot retraction, and increased PDE5A phosphorylation (Ser92). In conclusion, our study shows a novel role of PTPN22 in platelet function and arterial thrombosis, identifying new potential targets for future prevention of thrombotic or cardiovascular diseases.

A polygenic stacking classifier revealed the complicated platelet transcriptomic landscape of adult immune thrombocytopenia

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease with the typical symptom of a low platelet count in blood. ITP demonstrated age and sex biases in both occurrences and prognosis, and adult ITP was mainly induced by the living environments. The current diagnosis guideline lacks the integration of molecular heterogenicity. This study recruited the largest cohort of platelet transcriptome samples. A comprehensive procedure of feature selection, feature engineering, and stacking classification was carried out to detect the ITP biomarkers using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) transcriptomes. The 40 detected biomarkers were loaded to train the final ITP detection model, with an overall accuracy 0.974. The biomarkers suggested that ITP onset may be associated with various transcribed components, including protein-coding genes, long intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA) genes, and pseudogenes with apparent transcriptions. The delivered ITP detection model may also be utilized as a complementary ITP diagnosis tool. The code and the example dataset is freely available on http://www.healthinformaticslab.org/supp/resources.php

A Review of Romiplostim Mechanism of Action and Clinical Applicability

Thrombocytopenia results from a variety of conditions, including radiation, chemotherapy, autoimmune disease, bone marrow disorders, pathologic conditions associated with surgical procedures, hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), and hematologic disorders associated with severe aplastic anemia. Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is caused by immune reactions that accelerate destruction and reduce production of platelets. Thrombopoietin (TPO) is a critical component of platelet production pathways, and TPO receptor agonists (TPO-RAs) are important for the management of ITP by increasing platelet production and reducing the need for other treatments. Romiplostim is a TPO-RA approved for use in patients with ITP in the United States, European Union, Australia, and several countries in Africa and Asia, as well as for use in patients with refractory aplastic anemia in Japan and Korea. Romiplostim binds to and activates the TPO receptor on megakaryocyte precursors, thus promoting cell proliferation and viability, resulting in increased platelet production. Through this mechanism, romiplostim reduces the need for other treatments and decreases bleeding events in patients with thrombocytopenia. In addition to its efficacy in ITP, studies have shown that romiplostim is effective in improving platelet counts in various settings, thereby highlighting the versatility of romiplostim. The efficacy of romiplostim in such disorders is currently under investigation. Here, we review the structure, mechanism, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of romiplostim. We also summarize the clinical evidence supporting its use in ITP and other disorders that involve thrombocytopenia, including chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia, aplastic anemia, acute radiation syndrome, perisurgical thrombocytopenia, post-HSCT thrombocytopenia, and liver disease.

Tacrolimus ameliorates thrombocytopenia in an ITP mouse model

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by lower platelet count resulting from immune cells-mediated platelet clearance. Tacrolimus is an immunosuppressive agent which selectively inhibits T cell activation. Whether tacrolimus plays a role in ITP remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of tacrolimus on ITP in mice. An ITP mouse model was established by injection of rat anti-mouse integrin GPIIb/CD41 immunoglobulin and treated with tacrolimus followed by isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and plasma. The mRNA expression of T-bet, GATA3, and Foxp3 was measured by RT-PCR, and level of IFN-γ, IL-12p70, IL-4, IL-13, and TGF-β in plasma was measured by ELISA. Tacrolimus inhibited antiplatelet antibody-mediated platelet clearance in ITP mouse model. Meanwhile, tacrolimus-treated ITP mice displayed a significant decrease in the mRNA expression of T-bet and plasma level of IFN-γ and IL-12p70 compared with ITP mice but without differences when compared with normal mice. Furthermore, the expression of GATA3, Foxp3, and plasma level of IL-4 and TGF-β were upregulated in tacrolimus-treated ITP mice without significant differences to normal mice (except TGF-β). Tacrolimus prevents antiplatelet antibody-mediated thrombocytopenia in ITP mice possibly through regulating T cell differentiations, suggesting it might be a novel approach for preventing ITP.

Bcl-XL: A multifunctional anti-apoptotic protein

B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-X_L) is one of the anti-apoptotic proteins of the Bcl-2 family that is localized in the mitochondria. Bcl-X_L is one of the key regulators of apoptosis that can also regulate other important cellular functions. Bcl-X_L is overexpressed in many cancers, and its inhibitors have shown good therapeutic effects. Bcl-X_L interacts with Beclin 1, a key factor regulating autophagy. Bcl-X_L is essential for the survival of neurons and plays protective roles in neuronal injuries. It can promote the growth of neurons and the correct formation of neural networks, enhance synaptic plasticity, and control neurotoxicity. Bcl-X_L can also promote the transport of Ca²⁺ to mitochondria, increase the production of ATP, and improve metabolic efficiency. In addition, targeting Bcl-X_L has shown potential value in autoimmune diseases and aging. In this review, we summarize the functions of Bcl-X_L in cancer, autophagy, Ca²⁺ signaling, neuroprotection, neuronal growth and synaptic plasticity, energy metabolism, immunity, and senescence as revealed by investigations conducted in the past 10 years. Moreover, we list some inhibitors that have been developed based on the functions of Bcl-X_L.

Platycodin D inhibits platelet function and thrombus formation through inducing internalization of platelet glycoprotein receptors

Background

Platycodin D (PD) is one of the major bioactive components of the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum and possesses multiple biological and pharmacological properties, such as antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities. However, whether it affects platelet function remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the role of PD in platelet function and thrombus formation.

Methods

Platelets were treated with PD followed by measuring platelet aggregation, activation, spreading, clot retraction, expression of glycoprotein receptors. Moreover, mice platelets were treated with PD and infused into wild-type mice for analysis of in vivo hemostasis and arterial thrombosis.

Results

Platycodin D treatment significantly inhibited platelet aggregation in response to collagen, ADP, arachidonic acid and epinephrine, reduced platelet P-selectin expression, integrin α_IIbβ₃ activation, spreading on fibrinogen as well as clot retraction, accompanied with decreased phosphorylation of Syk and PLCγ2 in collagen-related peptide or thrombin-stimulated platelets. Moreover, PD-treated mice platelets presented significantly impaired in vivo hemostasis and arterial thrombus formation. Interestingly, PD induced internalization of glycoprotein receptors α_IIbβ₃, GPIbα and GPVI. However, GM6001, cytochalasin D, BAPTA-AM and wortmannin did not prevent PD-induced internalization of receptors.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates that PD inhibits platelet aggregation, activation and impairs hemostasis and arterial thrombosis, suggesting it might be a potent anti-thrombotic drug.

Increased GPIbα shedding from platelets treated with immune thrombocytopenia plasma

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease, characterized by accelerated platelet destruction/clearance or decreased platelet production. ADAM17-mediated platelet receptor GPIbα extracellular domain shedding has been shown to be involved in platelet clearance. Whether GPIbα shedding participates in the pathogenesis of ITP remains poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the role of GPIbα shedding in the development of ITP via incubating normal platelets with ITP plasma to mimic ITP in vivo environment. Plasma was isolated from ITP patients or healthy control and incubated with platelets in vitro followed by measuring GPIbα expression by flow cytometry and western blot, ADAM17 expression by western blot, ROS generation and platelet activation by flow cytometry. Compared with control plasma, ITP plasma-treated platelet displayed significantly reduced GPIbα surface expression, increased ADAM17 expression and ROS generation. However, metalloproteinase inhibitor GM6001 blocked the ITP-plasma-induced decrease in GPIbα surface expression, increase in ADAM17 expression and platelet activation. In addition, inhibitors of NADPH oxidase or mitochondria respiration significantly inhibited ROS generation from ITP plasma-treated platelets. Moreover, ROS inhibition or blocking FcγRIIa attenuated the decrease in GPIbα surface expression, platelet activation and ROS generation (for blocking FcγRIIa) in ITP plasma-treated platelets. In conclusion, ITP plasma induces platelet receptor GPIbα extracellular domain shedding, suggesting that it might participate in the pathogenesis of ITP and targeting it might be a novel approach for treating ITP.

Cyanidin-3-O-β-glucoside, a Natural Polyphenol, Exerts Proapoptotic Effects on Activated Platelets and Enhances Megakaryocytic Proplatelet Formation

This study investigated whether the anthocyanin cyanidin-3-O-β-glucoside (Cy-3-g) could affect platelet apoptosis and proplatelet formation in vitro. Thrombin-stimulated or resting human platelets and Meg-01 megakaryocytes were incubated with Cy-3-g (0, 0.5, 5, or 50 μM). We found that the percentage of the platelet mitochondrial membrane potential treated with 5 and 50 μM Cy-3-g was significantly higher than control (15.50% ± 3.24% and 29.77% ± 4.06% versus 2.76% ± 1.33%, respectively; P < 0.05). Treatment with 5 and 50 μM Cy-3-g significantly increased phosphatidylserine exposure compared with control (40.56% ± 10.53% and 76.62% ± 8.28% versus 15.43% ± 3.93%, respectively; P < 0.05). Moreover, Cy-3-g significantly increased the expression of Bax, Bak, and cytochrome c while markedly decreasing Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 expression as well as stimulating caspase-3, caspase-9, caspase-8, Bid, and gelsolin cleavage in thrombin-activated platelets in a dose-dependent manner ( P < 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed in the apoptosis of resting platelets when treated with Cy-3-g ( P > 0.05). Furthermore, Cy-3-g significantly ( P < 0.05) enhanced cell viability (50 μM versus control, 1.34 ± 0.01 versus 0.35 ± 0.02), the number of colony-forming unit-megakaryocytes (50 μM versus control, 38 ± 3 versus 8 ± 3), CD41 expression (50 μM versus control, 96.80% ± 2.55% versus 25.57% ± 2.86%), DNA ploidy (16N) (50 μM versus control, 19.73% ± 2.34% versus 4.42% ± 1.96%), and proplatelet formation (50 μM versus control, 27.5% ± 3.77% versus 7.67% ± 2.25%) in Meg-01 cells. In conclusion, Cy-3-g promotes activated platelet apoptosis and enhances megakaryocyte proliferation, differentiation, and proplatelet formation in vitro.

NLRP3 regulates platelet integrin αIIbβ3 outside-in signaling, hemostasis and arterial thrombosis

In addition to their hemostatic function, platelets play an important role in regulating the inflammatory response. The platelet NLRP3 inflammasome not only promotes interleukin-1β secretion, but was also found to be upregulated during platelet activation and thrombus formation in vitro However, the role of NLRP3 in platelet function and thrombus formation in vivo remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of NLRP3 in platelet integrin αIIbβ3 signaling transduction. Using NLRP3^-/- mice, we showed that NLRP3-deficient platelets do not have significant differences in expression of the platelet-specific adhesive receptors αIIbβ3 integrin, GPIba or GPVI; however, NLRP3^-/- platelets transfused into wild-type mice resulted in prolonged tail-bleeding time and delayed arterial thrombus formation, as well as exhibiting impaired spreading on immobilized fibrinogen and defective clot retraction, concomitant with decreased phosphorylation of c-Src, Syk and PLCγ2 in response to thrombin stimulation. Interestingly, addition of exogenous recombinant interleukin-1β reversed the defect in NLRP3^-/- platelet spreading and clot retraction, and restored thrombin-induced phosphorylation of c-Src/Syk/PLCγ2, whereas an anti-interleukin-1β antibody blocked spreading and clot retraction mediated by wild-type platelets. Using the direct NLRP3 inhibitor, CY-09, we demonstrated significantly reduced human platelet aggregation in response to threshold concentrations of collagen and ADP, as well as impaired clot retraction in CY-09-treated human platelets, supporting a role for NLRP3 also in regulating human platelet αIIbβ3 outside-in signaling. This study identifies a novel role for NLRP3 and interleukin-1β in platelet function, and provides a new potential link between thrombosis and inflammation, suggesting that therapies targeting NLRP3 or interleukin-1β might be beneficial for treating inflammation-associated thrombosis.

MicroRNAs as potential regulators of platelet function and bleeding diatheses

Although a growing number of studies suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a relevant role in platelet biology, their implications in bleeding diatheses are starting to be investigated. Indeed, several studies have shown that alterations in the intracellular levels of highly expressed platelet miRNAs provoke a thrombotic phenotype. On the other hand, primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), which is considered the hallmark of acquired bleeding disorders, has been recently associated with altered levels of miRNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, plasma, and platelets. In this review, we will focus on miRNAs that may affect the hemostatic and thrombotic functions of platelets, and we will discuss the different studies that have attempted to associate miRNAs with regulatory mechanisms of ITP.

The role of RNA uptake in platelet heterogeneity

The role of platelets in regulating vascular homeostasis has expanded beyond mediation of haemostasis and thrombosis. The discovery of platelet RNA and the presence of subpopulations of platelets containing varying amounts of RNA suggest a role for platelet transcripts in vascular function. As the RNA in anucleated platelets is biologically functional and may transfer to other vascular cells, we hypothesised that platelet RNA diminishes over the lifespan of the platelet with diminishing platelet size due to horizontal cellular transfer. The purpose of this study is to determine if platelet RNA variance is the result of horizontal cellular transfer between platelets and other vascular cells. Utilising platelet sorting and RNA sequencing, we found that smaller platelets contained a more diverse set of transcripts than larger platelets. Further investigation using fluorescence imaging, gene expression analyses and in vitro and in vivo modelling revealed that platelets take up RNA from other vascular cells in a complex manner, revealing a dynamic role for platelets in modulating vascular homeostasis through bidirectional RNA transfer. The resultant RNA profile heterogeneity suggests unique functional roles for platelets dependent on size and complexity. This study expands our basic understanding of platelet function and heterogeneity and is the first to evaluate endogenous vascular RNA uptake and its relation to platelet processes. Our findings describe a novel endogenous phenomenon that can help elucidate the platelet’s role in these non-thrombotic and haemostatic fields, as well as present potential for diagnostic and therapeutic development.

Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.

MicroRNA profiling of platelets from immune thrombocytopenia and target gene prediction

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by a low platelet count and insufficient platelet production. Previous studies identified that microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are important for platelet function. However, the regulatory role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of thrombocytopenia in ITP remains unclear. The aim of the present study is to isolate differentially expressed miRNAs, and identify their roles in platelets from ITP. A total of 5 ml blood from 22 patients with ITP and 8 healthy controls was isolated for platelet collection. A microarray assay was performed to analyze the differentially expressed miRNAs in the patients with ITP and healthy patients. Furthermore, the expression of differentially expressed miRNAs was verified by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In addition, the target mRNAs of the differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted via miRWalk databases, and the target genes and miRNAs were classified by Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses. In the present study, 115 miRNAs were identified to be differentially expressed in platelets from patients with ITP compared with the healthy controls (>3‑fold alteration; P<0.05). Among them, 57 miRNAs were upregulated in ITP, while 58 miRNAs were downregulated. Bioinformatic prediction demonstrated that hsa‑miR‑548a‑5p, hsa‑miR‑1185‑2‑3p, hsa‑miR‑30a‑3p, hsa‑miR‑6867‑5p, hsa‑miR‑765 and hsa‑miR‑3125 were associated with platelet apoptosis and adhesion in ITP. The present study performed miRNA profiling of platelets from patients with ITP and the results may aid in the understanding of the regulatory mechanism of ITP.

Investigation of platelet apoptosis in adult patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenia

OBJECTIVES

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired and heterogeneous autoimmune-mediated hematological disease typically characterized by a low platelet count. Emerging evidence over the past several years suggests that platelet biogenesis and ageing are regulated, at least in part, by apoptotic mechanisms. However, the association between decreased platelets and apoptosis in ITP patients is poorly understood. To better understand the role of platelet apoptosis in ITP pathophysiology, we investigated apoptotic markers in platelets acquired from 40 chronic ITP patients. Furthermore, the results of ITP patients were compared to those from 40 healthy individuals.

METHODS

Markers of apoptosis, including phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure and mitochondrial inner membrane potentials (ΔΨm), were examined using flow cytometry. The expression of pro-apoptotic molecules such as Bak and Bax and anti-apoptotic molecules such as Bcl-xL were determined using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting.

RESULTS

Our study demonstrated that the platelet mitochondrial membrane depolarization in chronic ITP patients tended to be higher than in healthy controls. Additionally, the proportion of platelets with surface-exposed PS in chronic ITP was significantly higher than that of controls. The results showed that the expression levels of Bak and Bax were significantly higher in chronic ITP patients than in healthy controls; Bcl-xL expression levels were significantly decreased in the platelets of chronic ITP patients compared to healthy controls.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

study indicates that the enhancement of platelet apoptosis observed in patients with chronic ITP may be one of the pathogenic mechanisms of chronic ITP.

Long non-coding RNAs expression profiles in hepatocytes of mice after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Hepatic veno-occlusive disease (HVOD), one serious complication following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), is mainly initiated by the damage to sinusoidal endothelial cells and hepatocytes. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the proliferation of hepatocytes and liver regeneration. lncRNAs profile in hepatocytes post-HSCT remains unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the profile of lncRNAs in hepatocytes of mice after HSCT. Mice HSCT model was established through infusion of 5 × 10(6) bone marrow mononuclear cells. On day 7, 14 and 33 after HSCT, mice were sacrificed for analysis of liver pathology, function and index. Total RNA was extracted from hepatocytes of mice on day 14 for microarray analysis of the expression profiles of lncRNAs by Arraystar Mouse lncRNA Microarray v2.0. Obvious edema and spotty necrosis of hepatocytes with inflammatory cells infiltration were observed post-HSCT. Meanwhile, increased levels of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate transaminase, and total bilirubin, as well as elevated liver index were also found. 2,918 up-regulated and 1,911 down-regulated lncRNAs in hepatocytes were identified. Some of differentially expressed mRNAs had adjacent lncRNAs that were also significantly dysregulated, with the same dysregulation direction. T-cell receptor (up-regulation) and VEGF signaling pathway (down-regulation) were identified as one of the most enriched pathways. Dysregulated lncRNAs might be involved in hepatocytes damage after HSCT, suggesting targeting them might be a novel approach in amelioration of hepatocytes damage.