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Tan M, He Y, Yi J, Chen J, Guo Q, Liao N, Peng L. WTAP Mediates NUPR1 Regulation of LCN2 Through m 6A Modification to Influence Ferroptosis, Thereby Promoting Breast Cancer Proliferation, Migration and Invasion. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:876-891. [PMID: 37477758 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10423-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is involved in various pathophysiological diseases, including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Targeting ferroptosis is considered as a novel anti-TNBC strategy. Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis during TNBC progression is unclear. Here, the role of WTAP in ferroptosis during TNBC progression was investigated. The clinicopathological significance of WTAP, NUPR1 and LCN2 was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay. Transwell assay was employed to analyze cell migration and invasion. GSH/GSSG and Fe2+ levels in TNBC cells were analyzed using kits. m6A level was examined using m6A dot blot assay. NUPR1 mRNA stability was analyzed using RNA degradation assay. RIP was performed to analyze the interaction between eIF3a and NURP1. Herein, our results revealed that WTAP, NUPR1 and LCN2 expressions were significantly elevated in TNBC. NUPR1 silencing inhibited TNBC cell proliferation, migration and invasion by inducing ferroptosis. NUPR1 positively regulated LCN2 expression in TNBC cells, and LCN2 knockdown induced ferroptosis to suppress TNBC cell malignant behaviors. Our molecular study further revealed that WTAP promoted NUPR1 expression in an m6A-EIF3A mediated manner. And, as expected, WTAP knockdown promoted ferroptosis to suppress TNBC cell malignant behaviors, which were abrogated by NUPR1 overexpression. WTAP upregulated LCN2 by regulation of NUPR1 m6A modification, thereby suppressing ferroptosis to contribute to accelerate TNBC progression. Our study revealed the cancer-promoting effect of WTAP, NUPR1 and LCN2 in TNBC and clarified the relevant mechanism, providing a theoretical basis for developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miduo Tan
- Department of Breast surgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, 412000, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Yazhou He
- Health Management Center, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, 412000, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Jiansheng Yi
- Department of Breast surgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, 412000, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Department of Breast surgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, 412000, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Guo
- Department of Breast surgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, 412000, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Ni Liao
- Department of Breast surgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, 412000, Hunan Province, P.R. China.
- Department of Breast surgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, No.116, Changjiang South Road, Tianyuan District, Zhuzhou, 412000, Hunan Province, P.R. China.
| | - Liping Peng
- Department of Breast and Nails, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jishou University, The intersection of Shiji Avenue and Jianxin Road, Jishou, 416000, Hunan Province, P.R. China.
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2
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Hu Y, He Y, Luo N, Li X, Guo L, Zhang K. A feedback loop between lncRNA MALAT1 and DNMT1 promotes triple-negative breast cancer stemness and tumorigenesis. Cancer Biol Ther 2023; 24:2235768. [PMID: 37548553 PMCID: PMC10408694 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2023.2235768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The function of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MALAT1 in regulating triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) stemness and tumorigenesis was investigated. METHODS Sphere formation and colony formation assays coupled with flow cytometry were employed to evaluate the percentage of CD44high/CD44low cells, and ALDH+ cells were performed to evaluate the stemness. Bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP) was employed to detect the methylation level of MALAT1. Tumor xenograft experiment was performed to evaluate tumorigenesis in vivo. Finally, dual-luciferase reporter and RIP assays were employed to verify the binding relationship between MALAT1 and miR-137. RESULTS Our results revealed that MALAT1 and BCL11A were highly expressed in TNBC, while miR-137 and DNMT1 were lowly expressed. Our results proved that MALAT1 positively regulated BCL11A expression through targeting miR-137. Functional experiments revealed that MALAT1 inhibited DNMT1 expression through acting on the miR-137/BCL11A pathway to enhance TNBC stemness and tumorigenesis. We also found that high MALAT1 expression in TNBC was related to the DNMT1-mediated hypomethylation of MALAT1. As expected, DNMT1 overexpression could remarkably inhibit TNBC stemness and tumorigenesis, which was eliminated by MALAT1 overexpression. CONCLUSION MALAT1 downregulated DNMT1 by miR-137/BCL11A pathway to enhance TNBC stemness and tumorigenesis; meanwhile, DNMT1/MALAT1 formed a positive feedback loop to continuously promote TNBC malignant behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Yuqiong He
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Na Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Kejing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
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Akingbesote ND, Owusu D, Liu R, Cartmel B, Ferrucci LM, Zupa M, Lustberg MB, Sanft T, Blenman KRM, Irwin ML, Perry RJ. A review of the impact of energy balance on triple-negative breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2023; 2023:104-124. [PMID: 37139977 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells cannot proliferate without sufficient energy to generate biomass for rapid cell division, as well as to fuel their functions at baseline. For this reason, many recent observational and interventional studies have focused on increasing energy expenditure and/or reducing energy intake during and after cancer treatment. The impact of variance in diet composition and in exercise on cancer outcomes has been detailed extensively elsewhere and is not the primary focus of this review. Instead, in this translational, narrative review we examine studies of how energy balance impacts anticancer immune activation and outcomes in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We discuss preclinical, clinical observational, and the few clinical interventional studies on energy balance in TNBC. We advocate for the implementation of clinical studies to examine how optimizing energy balance-through changes in diet and/or exercise-may optimize the response to immunotherapy in people with TNBC. It is our conviction that by taking a holistic approach that includes energy balance as a key factor to be considered during and after treatment, cancer care may be optimized, and the detrimental effects of cancer treatment and recovery on overall health may be minimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngozi D Akingbesote
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Dennis Owusu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ashanti Region, Ghana
| | - Ryan Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Cedar Park High School, Cedar Park, TX, USA
| | - Brenda Cartmel
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Leah M Ferrucci
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Maryam B Lustberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tara Sanft
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kim R M Blenman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Melinda L Irwin
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rachel J Perry
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA
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Development of a 15-Gene Signature Model as a Prognostic Tool in Sex Hormone-Dependent Cancers. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:3676107. [PMID: 34869761 PMCID: PMC8635877 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3676107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sex hormone dependence is associated with tumor progression and prognosis. Here, we explored the molecular basis of luminal A-like phenotype in sex hormone-dependent cancers. RNA-sequencing data from 8 cancer types were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We investigated the enrichment function of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in luminal A breast cancer (BRCA). Weighted coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify gene modules associated with the luminal A-like phenotype, and we calculated the module's preservation in 8 cancer types. Module hub genes screened using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were used to construct a gene signature model for the luminal A-like phenotype, and we assessed the model's relationship with prognosis, enriched pathways, and immune infiltration using bioinformatics approaches. Compared to other BRCA subtypes, the enrichment functions of upregulated genes in luminal A BRCA were related to hormone biological processes and receptor activity, and the downregulated genes were associated with the cell cycle and nuclear division. A gene module significantly associated with luminal A BRCA was shared by uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC), leading to a similar phenotype. Fifteen hub genes were used to construct a gene signature model for the assessment of the luminal A-like phenotype, and the corrected C-statistics and Brier scores were 0.986 and 0.023, respectively. Calibration plots showed good performance, and decision curve analysis indicated a high net benefit of the model. The 15-gene signature model was associated with better overall survival in BRCA and UCEC and was characterized by downregulation of DNA replication, cell cycle and activated CD4 T cells. In conclusion, our study elucidated that BRCA and UCEC share a similar sex hormone-dependent phenotype and constructed a 15-gene signature model for use as a prognostic tool to quantify the probability of the phenotype.
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Abrams DI, Velasco G, Twelves C, Ganju RK, Bar-Sela G. Cancer Treatment: Preclinical & Clinical. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2021; 2021:107-113. [PMID: 34850894 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgab010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The first evidence that cannabinoids may have in vitro and in vivo antineoplastic activity against tumor cell lines and animal tumor models was published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute nearly 50 years ago. Cannabinoids appear to induce apoptosis in rodent brain tumors by way of direct interaction with the cannabinoid receptor. They may inhibit angiogenesis and tumor cell invasiveness. Despite preclinical findings, attempts to translate the benefits from bench to bedside have been limited. This session provides a review of the basic science supporting the use of cannabinoids in gliomas, paired with the first randomized clinical trial of a cannabis-based therapy for glioblastoma multiforme. Another preclinical presentation reports the effects of cannabinoids on triple-negative breast cancer cell lines and how cannabidiol may affect tumors. The session's second human trial raises concerns about the use of botanical cannabis in patients with advanced cancer receiving immunotherapy suggesting inferior outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald I Abrams
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Guillermo Velasco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Group of Cannabinoid Signaling in Cancer Cells, Division of Oncology Research, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Chris Twelves
- Department of Oncology, University of Leeds and Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds, England, UK
| | - Ramesh K Ganju
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gil Bar-Sela
- Oncology and Hematology Division, Cancer Center, Emek Medical Center, Afula,Israel.,Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion/Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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6
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Yuan JQ, Zhang KJ, Wang SM, Guo L. YAP1/MMP7/CXCL16 axis affects efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy via tumor environment immunosuppression in triple-negative breast cancer. Gland Surg 2021; 10:2799-2814. [PMID: 34733729 PMCID: PMC8514296 DOI: 10.21037/gs-21-612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the association of potential YAP1/MMP7/CXCL16 axis and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) related chemo-response in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. METHODS We estimated the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), MMP7, and CXCL16 in paired TNBC tumor/para-tumor tissues by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and performed statistical analysis according to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) response. Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data, we noticed outstanding expression of MMP7/CXCL16 in TNBC cases, as well as associations between MMP7/CXCL16 and HIPPO-YAP1-relevant kinases. We also performed gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) between MMP7/CXCL16 and YAP1-associated pathways. Western blotting assay was employed to evaluate YAP1/MMP7/CXCL16 expression in vitro and their modulation sequence. Logistic model stepwise regression analysis was used to assess YAP1, MMP7, CXCL16, and TILs as therapeutic predictors. Residual cancer burden (RCB) score was calculated and statistically analyzed according to intensity of these variables, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve also showed their predictive value in NAC response. Recruitment efficacy for CD4+/CD8+ TIL cells (TCGA data) as well as quantified TIL cells density were both explored according to YAP1, MMP7, and CXCL16 expression level. RESULTS Up-regulation of YAP1/MMP7 and down-regulation of CXCL16 were both significant in TNBC cases with poor NAC response. Inhibition of YAP1 induced down-regulation of MMP7 and up-regulation of CXCL16, whereas inhibition of MMP7 also induced up-regulation of CXCL16. It was also shown that MMP7/CXCL16 was enriched in the YAP1-related pathway. Activation of the YAP1/MMP7/CXCL16 axis obviously affected RCB of TNBC cases. The ROC curve also supported the predictive value of YAP1/MMP7/CXCL16 axis and TILs density in NAC response prospect. The density of TILs, meanwhile, demonstrated a strong link with the YAP1/MMP7/CXCL16 axis. Over expression of YAP1/MMP7 significantly suppressed recruitment of CD4+/CD8+ TILs, while CXCL16 over expression had a beneficial impact on anti-tumor immune. CONCLUSIONS Over expression of causes up-regulation of MMP7 and down-regulation of CXCL16, which suppressed CD4+/CD8+ TILs recruitment and indirectly affected NAC response of TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Yuan
- Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer Control and Prevention in Hunan Province, Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke-Jing Zhang
- Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer Control and Prevention in Hunan Province, Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shou-Man Wang
- Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer Control and Prevention in Hunan Province, Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer Control and Prevention in Hunan Province, Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Deng JL, Zhang HB, Zeng Y, Xu YH, Huang Y, Wang G. Effects of CORO2A on Cell Migration and Proliferation and Its Potential Regulatory Network in Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:916. [PMID: 32695665 PMCID: PMC7333780 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronin 2A (CORO2A) is a novel component of the N-CoR (nuclear receptor co-repressor) complex. Abnormal CORO2A expression is associated with carcinogenesis. We used databases from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and analyzed CORO2A expression and gene regulation networks in breast cancer. Expression was analyzed using GEO and TCGA database and further validated in breast cancer samples collected in our clinic. The prognostic value of CORO2A was explored by using the Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. LinkedOmics was used to identify coexpressed genes associated with CORO2A. After analyzing the intersection of coexpressed genes correlated with CORO2A and differentially expressed genes after CORO2A silencing, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses of the intersecting genes were conducted by using FunRich software. Transwell assays were performed in breast cancer cells to determine the effect of CORO2A on cell migration. MTS, colony formation, and cell cycle distribution assays were performed in breast cancer cells to determine the effect of CORO2A on cell proliferation. Gene enrichment analysis was employed to explore the target networks of transcription factors and miRNAs. We found that CORO2A was upregulated and that the elevated expression of CORO2A was associated with poor overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) in TNBC patients. Further bioinformatics analysis of public sequencing data and our own RNA-Seq data revealed that CORO2A was probably involved in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition process and might have a significant effect on the migration of breast cancer cells, which might be mediated via pathways involving several miRNAs and MYC transcription factors. Functionally, the knockdown of CORO2A inhibited cell migration, decreased viability, and colony formation and induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase in breast cancer cells. These results demonstrate that bioinformatics-based analysis efficiently reveals information about CORO2A expression and its potential regulatory networks in breast cancer, laying a foundation for further mechanistic research on the role of CORO2A in carcinogenesis. Moreover, CORO2A promotes the migration and proliferation of breast cancer cells and may have an important function in breast cancer progression. CORO2A is a potential prognostic predictor for TNBC patients. Targeting CORO2A may provide promising therapy strategies for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Li Deng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hai-Bo Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Zeng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yun-Hua Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guo Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Wang Z, Xiang Z, Zhu T, Chen J, Zhong MZ, Huang J, Wang KS, Li L, Sun LQ, Zhou WB. Cathepsin L interacts with CDK2-AP1 as a potential predictor of prognosis in patients with breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 19:167-176. [PMID: 31897127 PMCID: PMC6924096 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cathepsin L (CTSL) is a lysosomal acid cysteine protease that has been implicated in tumorigenesis and malignant progression. In the present study, the role of CTSL in tumorigenesis and prognosis of breast cancer was evaluated. The prognostic value of CTSL was analyzed using immunohistochemistry in patients with breast cancer, as well as online microarray datasets. CTSL expression was knocked down in the breast cancer cell line T-47D using RNA interference. MTT and colony formation assays were performed to assess the role of CTSL in the proliferation of breast cancer cells. Cell cycle progression and apoptosis were measured using flow cytometry. A physical interaction of CTSL and cyclin dependent kinase 2 associated protein 1 (CDK2-AP1) was determined using a glutathione S-transferase pull-down assay. Endogenous CTSL expression was high in breast cancer cells and exhibited an inverse association with CDK2-AP1 expression; aberrant expression of CTSL in breast cancer tissues predicted an improved clinical outcome and prognosis. In addition, CTSL knockdown decelerated the progression of breast cancer cells by arresting cell cycle progression and increasing apoptosis. Thus, CTSL may be a potential therapeutic target for treating patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Xiang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Zuo Zhong
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Juan Huang
- Hunan Province Clinic Meditech Research Center for Breast Cancer, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Kuan-Song Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Ling Li
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Lun-Quan Sun
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Bing Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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9
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Ferreira EN, Brianese RC, de Almeida RVB, Drummond RD, de Souza JE, da Silva IT, de Souza SJ, Carraro DM. Influence of BRCA1 Germline Mutations in the Somatic Mutational Burden of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Transl Oncol 2019; 12:1453-1460. [PMID: 31419696 PMCID: PMC6706625 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2019.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of the hereditary triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are associated with BRCA1 germline mutations. Nevertheless, the understanding of the role of BRCA1 deficiency in the TNBC tumorigenesis is poor. In this sense, we performed whole-exome sequencing of triplet samples (leucocyte, tumor, and normal-adjacent breast tissue) for 10 cases of early-onset TNBC, including 5 hereditary (with BRCA1 germline pathogenic mutation) and 5 sporadic (with no BRCA1 or BRCA2 germline pathogenic mutations), for assessing the somatic mutation repertoire. Protein-affecting somatic mutations were identified for both mammary tissues, and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was used to investigate gene interactions. BRCA1 and RAD51C somatic promoter methylation in tumor samples was also investigated by bisulfite sequencing. Sporadic tumors had higher proportion of driver mutations (≥25% allele frequency) than BRCA1 hereditary tumors, whereas no difference was detected in the normal breast samples. Distinct gene networks were obtained from the driver genes in each group. The Cancer Genome Atlas data analysis of TNBC classified as hereditary and sporadic reinforced our findings. The data presented here indicate that in the absence of BRCA1 germline mutations, a higher number of driver mutations are required for tumor development and that different defective processes are operating in the tumorigenesis of hereditary and sporadic TNBC in young women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jorge Estefano de Souza
- Instituto Metrópole Digital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil; Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment (BioME), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Israel Tojal da Silva
- CIPE, International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sandro José de Souza
- Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment (BioME), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil; Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Dirce Maria Carraro
- CIPE, International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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10
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Rida P, Ogden A, Ellis IO, Varga Z, Wolff AC, Traina TA, Hatzis C, Palmer JR, Ambrosone CB, Lehmann BD, Nanda R, Montgomery Rice V, Brawley OW, Torres MA, Rakha E, Aneja R. First international TNBC conference meeting report. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 169:407-412. [PMID: 29417299 PMCID: PMC5955852 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4692-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Recently, Georgia State University's Centennial Hall was the premier location for the 2017 International Conference on Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC): Illuminating Actionable Biology, which was held from Sept. 18 to 20, 2017, in Atlanta, USA. The conference featured a stellar line-up of domestic and international speakers and diverse participants including TNBC survivors, luminaries in breast cancer research, medical students and fellows, clinicians, translational researchers, epidemiologists, biostatisticians, bioinformaticians, and representatives from the industry. This report distills the burning questions that spiked the event and summarizes key themes, findings, unique opportunities and future directions that emerged from this confluence of thought leaders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmashree Rida
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Novazoi Theranostics, Rolling Hills Estates, CA, USA
| | - Angela Ogden
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ian O Ellis
- Department of Histopathology, Nottingham City Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Zsuzsanna Varga
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Antonio C Wolff
- The Johns Hopkins Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tiffany A Traina
- Breast Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christos Hatzis
- Department of Medicine, Breast Medical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Julie R Palmer
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christine B Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Brian D Lehmann
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Rita Nanda
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Mylin A Torres
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Glenn Family Breast Center, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Emad Rakha
- Department of Histopathology, Nottingham City Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ritu Aneja
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Zhang X, Wang F, Shen Q, Xie C, Liu Y, Pan J, Lu W. Structure Reconstruction of LyP-1: Lc(LyP-1) Coupling by Amide Bond Inspires the Brain Metastatic Tumor Targeted Drug Delivery. Mol Pharm 2017; 15:430-436. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics,
School of Pharmacy, and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Fudan University, Ministry of
Education, Shanghai 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology,
and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics,
School of Pharmacy, and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Fudan University, Ministry of
Education, Shanghai 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology,
and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qing Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutics,
School of Pharmacy, and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Fudan University, Ministry of
Education, Shanghai 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology,
and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Cao Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutics,
School of Pharmacy, and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Fudan University, Ministry of
Education, Shanghai 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology,
and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics,
School of Pharmacy, and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Fudan University, Ministry of
Education, Shanghai 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology,
and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Pan
- Department of Pharmaceutics,
School of Pharmacy, and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Fudan University, Ministry of
Education, Shanghai 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology,
and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Weiyue Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics,
School of Pharmacy, and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Fudan University, Ministry of
Education, Shanghai 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology,
and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital and Institute of Fudan-Minghang
Academic Health System, Minghang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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12
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Expression of GHRH-R, a Potentially Targetable Biomarker, in Triple-negative Breast Cancer. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2017; 26:1-5. [PMID: 29206714 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) has been shown to modify the growth behavior of many cancers, including breast. GHRH is produced by tumor cells, acts in an autocrine/paracrine manner, and requires the presence of GHRH receptor (GHRH-R) on the tumor cells to exert its effects. GHRH activity can be effectively blocked by synthetic antagonists of its receptor and hence, the expression of GHRH-R by tumor cells could serve as a predictor of response to GHRH-R antagonist therapy. In this study, we investigated the expression of GHRH-R in triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC). As TNBCs are morphologically and immunophenotypically heterogenous, the staining results were also correlated with the histologic subtypes of these tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS On the basis of histomorphology and immunophenotype, 134 cases of primary TNBCs were further subdivided into medullary, metaplastic, apocrine, and invasive ductal carcinomas of no special type (IDC-NST). Immunohistochemistry for GHRH-R was performed on paraffin sections and the staining results were assessed semiquantitatively as negative, low expression, moderate, and high expression. RESULTS Of the 134 TNBCs, 85 were classified as IDC-NST, 25 as metaplastic, 16 as medullary, and 8 as apocrine carcinoma. Overall, positive reaction for GHRH-R was seen in 77 (57%) of tumors including 66 (77.6%) of IDC-NST. All medullary carcinomas were negative for GHRH-R and, with the exception of 1 case with low expression, none of the metaplastic carcinomas expressed GHRH-R (P<0.005). CONCLUSIONS A considerable number of TNBCs are positive for GHRH-R as a predictor of potential response to anti-GHRH-R treatment. This expression however, varies considerably between histologic subtypes of triple-negative breast cancers. Although most medullary and metaplastic carcinomas do not express GHRH-R, three fourths of the IDC-NST show a positive reaction. Testing for GHRH-R expression is therefore advisable if anti-GHRH-R therapy is being considered.
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Margaryan NV, Seftor EA, Seftor RE, Hendrix MJ. Targeting the Stem Cell Properties of Adult Breast Cancer Cells: Using Combinatorial Strategies to Overcome Drug Resistance. CURRENT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS 2017; 3:159-164. [PMID: 29152453 PMCID: PMC5687579 DOI: 10.1007/s40610-017-0067-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cancer is a major public health problem worldwide. In aggressive cancers, which are heterogeneous in nature, there exists a paucity of targetable molecules that can be used to predict outcome and response to therapy in patients, especially those in the high risk category with a propensity to relapse following chemotherapy. This review addresses the challenges pertinent to treating aggressive cancer cells with inherent stem cell properties, with a special focus on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). RECENT FINDINGS Plasticity underlies the cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype in aggressive cancers like TNBC. Progenitors and CSCs implement similar signaling pathways to sustain growth, and the convergence of embryonic and tumorigenic signaling pathways has led to the discovery of novel oncofetal targets, rigorously regulated during normal development, but aberrantly reactivated in aggressive forms of cancer. SUMMARY Translational studies have shown that Nodal, an embryonic morphogen, is reactivated in aggressive cancers, but not in normal tissues, and underlies tumor growth, invasion, metastasis and drug resistance. Front-line therapies do not inhibit Nodal, but when a combinatorial approach is used with an agent such as doxorubicin followed by anti-Nodal antibody therapy, significant decreases in cell growth and viability occur. These findings are of special interest in the development of new therapeutic interventions that target the stem cell properties of cancer cells to overcome drug resistance and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naira V. Margaryan
- Department of Biochemistry, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA
- Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA
- Department of Biology, Shepherd University, Shepherdstown, WV 25443 USA
| | - Elisabeth A. Seftor
- Department of Biochemistry, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA
- Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA
- Department of Biology, Shepherd University, Shepherdstown, WV 25443 USA
| | - Richard E.B. Seftor
- Department of Biochemistry, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA
- Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA
- Department of Biology, Shepherd University, Shepherdstown, WV 25443 USA
| | - Mary J.C. Hendrix
- Department of Internal Medicine, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA
- Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA
- Department of Biology, Shepherd University, Shepherdstown, WV 25443 USA
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Riley RS, Day ES. Frizzled7 Antibody-Functionalized Nanoshells Enable Multivalent Binding for Wnt Signaling Inhibition in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:10.1002/smll.201700544. [PMID: 28544579 PMCID: PMC5545881 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201700544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Antibodies that antagonize cell signaling pathways specific to their targeted receptor are invaluable tools to study and treat malignancies, but their utility is limited by high production costs and treatment dosages. Researchers have shown that antibodies conjugated to nanoparticles display increased affinity for their target relative to freely delivered antibodies due to multivalency, and this study investigates how this multivalency can enable antibody-nanoparticle conjugates to inhibit oncogenic cell signaling more effectively than freely delivered antibodies. This effect was evaluated using triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells that are characterized by hyperactive Wnt signaling mediated through overexpressed Frizzled7 (FZD7) transmembrane receptors. Through analysis of the expression of β-catenin and Axin2, two downstream targets in the Wnt pathway, the results demonstrate that FZD7 antibody-nanoshell conjugates (FZD7-NS) are drastically more effective at inhibiting Wnt signaling in TNBC cells than freely delivered FZD7 antibodies. Additionally, cells treated with FZD7-NS, but not cells treated with freely delivered FZD7 antibodies, have decreased viability, indicating the therapeutic potential of this technology. The results demonstrate that antibody-functionalized nanoparticles can exploit multivalency for improved signal cascade interference over free antibodies, and this may ultimately permit lower antibody dosages to be administered to study signaling pathways or to manage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S Riley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, 161 Colburn Lab, 150 Academy Street, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Emily S Day
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, 161 Colburn Lab, 150 Academy Street, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
- Helen F. Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, Newark, DE, 19713, USA
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15
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Bodenstine TM, Chandler GS, Reed DW, Margaryan NV, Gilgur A, Atkinson J, Ahmed N, Hyser M, Seftor EA, Strizzi L, Hendrix MJC. Nodal expression in triple-negative breast cancer: Cellular effects of its inhibition following doxorubicin treatment. Cell Cycle 2017; 15:1295-302. [PMID: 27007464 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1160981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents an aggressive cancer subtype characterized by the lack of expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). The independence of TNBC from these growth promoting factors eliminates the efficacy of therapies which specifically target them, and limits TNBC patients to traditional systemic neo/adjuvant chemotherapy. To better understand the growth advantage of TNBC - in the absence of ER, PR and HER2, we focused on the embryonic morphogen Nodal (associated with the cancer stem cell phenotype), which is re-expressed in aggressive breast cancers. Most notably, our previous data demonstrated that inhibition of Nodal signaling in breast cancer cells reduces their tumorigenic capacity. Furthermore, inhibiting Nodal in other cancers has resulted in improved effects of chemotherapy, although the mechanisms for this remain unknown. Thus, we hypothesized that targeting Nodal in TNBC cells in combination with conventional chemotherapy may improve efficacy and represent a potential new strategy. Our preliminary data demonstrate that Nodal is highly expressed in TNBC when compared to invasive hormone receptor positive samples. Treatment of Nodal expressing TNBC cell lines with a neutralizing anti-Nodal antibody reduces the viability of cells that had previously survived treatment with the anthracycline doxorubicin. We show that inhibiting Nodal may alter response mechanisms employed by cancer cells undergoing DNA damage. These data suggest that development of therapies which target Nodal in TNBC may lead to additional treatment options in conjunction with chemotherapy regimens - by altering signaling pathways critical to cellular survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Bodenstine
- a Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program at the Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Grace S Chandler
- a Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program at the Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - David W Reed
- a Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program at the Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Naira V Margaryan
- a Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program at the Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Alina Gilgur
- a Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program at the Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA
| | | | - Nida Ahmed
- b Presence Saint Francis Hospital , Evanston , IL , USA
| | - Matthew Hyser
- b Presence Saint Francis Hospital , Evanston , IL , USA
| | - Elisabeth A Seftor
- a Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program at the Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Luigi Strizzi
- a Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program at the Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA.,c Department of Pathology , Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Mary J C Hendrix
- a Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program at the Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA.,d Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
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16
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Andergassen U, Kölbl AC, Mumm JN, Mahner S, Jeschke U. Triple-negative breast cancer: New therapeutic options via signalling transduction cascades. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:3055-3060. [PMID: 28440460 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer is a highly aggressive type of mammalian carcinoma. It is defined by a rather weak expression of estrogen-, progesterone- and Her2-receptor, and is thus difficult to treat, resulting in low disease-free and overall survival rates of the affected patients. Hence it is important to find new therapeutic options. To this aim we analysed the incidence of some molecules from different signal transduction cascades by immunohistochemistry, which are known to correlate with triple-negative breast cancer, and correlated the expression of these molecules to different tumour traits, such as size, grading, menopausal stage, histology, lymph node affection, remote metastasis formation, and to the incidence of local and lymph node recurrence and metastasis by statistical analysis. Statistically significant correlations were found for a number of tumour characteristics and signalling molecules: HIF1α is correlated to tumour grading, β-catenin to the menopausal state of the patient, and for Notch1 a relation to lymph node affection is seen. In terms of different recurrences, a correlation of β-catenin to metastasis formation and lymph node affection could be shown, as well as coherences between XBP1 and lymph node recurrence, Notch1 and metastasis formation and FOXP3 and the occurrence of local recurrence. The presented results are in accordance with formerly published studies and therefore might comprise opportunities to develop new therapeutical strategies, which could help to handle this aggressive form of breast cancer in a manner, by which side effects would be reduced and therapeutical efficiency is increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Andergassen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandra C Kölbl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Jan-Niclas Mumm
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
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Bouchard G, Therriault H, Bujold R, Saucier C, Paquette B. Induction of interleukin-1β by mouse mammary tumor irradiation promotes triple negative breast cancer cells invasion and metastasis development. Int J Radiat Biol 2017; 93:507-516. [PMID: 27935337 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2017.1270471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiotherapy increases the level of inflammatory cytokines, some of which are known to promote metastasis. In a mouse model of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), we determined whether irradiation of the mammary tumor increases the level of key cytokines and favors the development of lung metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS D2A1 TNBC cells were implanted in the mammary glands of a Balb/c mouse and then 7 days old tumors were irradiated (4 × 6 Gy). The cytokines IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17 and MIP-2 were quantified in plasma before, midway and after irradiation. The effect of tumor irradiation on the invasion of cancer cells, the number of circulating tumor cells (CTC) and lung metastases were also measured. RESULTS TNBC tumor irradiation significantly increased the plasma level of IL-1β, which was associated with a greater number of CTC (3.5-fold) and lung metastases (2.3-fold), compared to sham-irradiated animals. Enhancement of D2A1 cell invasion in mammary gland was associated with an increase of the matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9 activity (MMP-2, -9). The ability of IL-1β to stimulate the invasiveness of irradiated D2A1 cells was confirmed by in vitro invasion chamber assays. CONCLUSION Irradiation targeting a D2A1 tumor and its microenvironment increased the level of the inflammatory cytokine IL-1β and was associated with the promotion of cancer cell invasion and lung metastasis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Bouchard
- a Centre for Research in Radiotherapy, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Université de Sherbrooke , Sherbrooke , Québec , Canada
| | - Hélène Therriault
- a Centre for Research in Radiotherapy, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Université de Sherbrooke , Sherbrooke , Québec , Canada
| | - Rachel Bujold
- b Service of Radiation Oncology , Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke , Sherbrooke , Québec , Canada
| | - Caroline Saucier
- c Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Université de Sherbrooke , Sherbrooke , Québec , Canada
| | - Benoit Paquette
- a Centre for Research in Radiotherapy, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Université de Sherbrooke , Sherbrooke , Québec , Canada
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18
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Mun B, Park YJ, Sung GH, Lee Y, Kim KH. Synthesis and antitumor activity of (−)-bassianolide in MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cells through cell cycle arrest. Bioorg Chem 2016; 69:64-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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19
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Pamarthy S, Jaiswal MK, Kulshreshtha A, Katara GK, Gilman-Sachs A, Beaman KD. The Vacuolar ATPase a2-subunit regulates Notch signaling in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:34206-20. [PMID: 26418877 PMCID: PMC4741446 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer with poor prognosis for which no targeted therapies are currently available. Notch signaling has been implicated in breast cancer but the factors that control Notch in TNBC are unknown. Because the Vacuolar ATPase has been shown to be important in breast cancer invasiveness, we investigated the role of a2-subunit isoform of Vacuolar ATPase (a2V) in regulating Notch signaling in TNBC. Confocal microscopy revealed that among all the ‘a’ subunit isoforms, a2V was uniquely expressed on the plasma membrane of breast cancer cells. Both a2V and NOTCH1 were elevated in TNBC tumors tissues and cell lines. a2V knockdown by siRNA as well as V-ATPase inhibition by Bafilomycin A1 (Baf A1) in TNBC cell lines enhanced Notch signaling by increasing the expression of Notch1 intracellular Domain (N1ICD). V-ATPase inhibition blocked NICD degradation by disrupting autophagy and lysosomal acidification as demonstrated by accumulation of LC3B and diminished expression of LAMP1 respectively. Importantly, treatment with Baf A1 or anti-a2V, a novel-neutralizing antibody against a2V hindered cell migration of TNBC cells. Our findings indicate that a2V regulates Notch signaling through its role in endolysosomal acidification and emerges as a potential target for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahithi Pamarthy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Mukesh K Jaiswal
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Arpita Kulshreshtha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Gajendra K Katara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Alice Gilman-Sachs
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Kenneth D Beaman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
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Combination of Paclitaxel and MG1 oncolytic virus as a successful strategy for breast cancer treatment. Breast Cancer Res 2016; 18:83. [PMID: 27503504 PMCID: PMC4977613 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-016-0744-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease amongst Western women. The lack of treatment options for patients with chemotherapy-resistant or recurrent cancers is pushing the field toward the rapid development of novel therapies. The use of oncolytic viruses is a promising approach for the treatment of disseminated diseases like breast cancer, with the first candidate recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in patients. In this report, we demonstrate the compatibility of oncolytic virotherapy and chemotherapy using various murine breast cancer models. This one-two punch has been explored in the past by several groups with different viruses and drugs and was shown to be a successful approach. Our strategy is to combine Paclitaxel, one of the most common drugs used to treat patients with breast cancer, and the oncolytic Rhabdovirus Maraba-MG1, a clinical trial candidate in a study currently recruiting patients with late-stage metastatic cancer. Methods We used the EMT6, 4 T1 and E0771 murine breast cancer models to evaluate in vitro and in vivo the effects of co-treatment with MG1 and Paclitaxel. Treatment-induced cytotoxicity was assessed and plaque assays, flow cytometry, microscopy and immunocytochemistry analysis were performed to quantify virus production and transgene expression. Orthotopically implanted tumors were measured during and after treatment to evaluate efficacy and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were generated. Results Our data demonstrate not only the compatibility of the treatments, but also their synergistic cytopathic activity. With Paclitaxel, EMT6 and 4 T1 tumors demonstrated increased virus production both in vitro and in vivo. Our results also show that Paclitaxel does not impair the safety profile of the virus treatment. Importantly, when combined, MG1 and the drug controlled tumor growth and prolonged survival. Conclusions The combination of MG1 and Paclitaxel improved efficacy in all of the breast cancer models we tested and thus is a promising alternative approach for the treatment of patients with refractory breast cancer. Our strategy has potential for rapid translation to the clinic, given the current clinical status of both agents. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-016-0744-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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21
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Mumm JN, Kölbl AC, Jeschke U, Andergassen U. Do signal transduction cascades influence survival in triple-negative breast cancer? A preliminary study. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:3163-9. [PMID: 27307757 PMCID: PMC4888713 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s101677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a rather aggressive form of breast cancer, comprised by early metastasis formation and reduced overall survival of the affected patients. Steroid hormone receptors and the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 are not overexpressed, limiting therapeutic options. Therefore, new treatment options have to be investigated. The aim of our preliminary study was to detect coherences between some molecules of intracellular signal transduction pathways and survival of patients with TNBC, in order to obtain some hints for new therapeutical solutions. Methods Thirty-one paraffin-embedded tumor tissue samples, which were determined to be negative for steroid hormone receptors as well as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, were immunohistochemically stained for a number of signal transduction molecules from several signaling pathways. β-Catenin, HIF1α, MCL, Notch1, LRP6, XBP1, and FOXP3 were stained with specific antibodies, and their staining was correlated with patient survival by Kaplan–Meier analyses. Results Only two of the investigated molecules have shown correlation with overall survival. Cytoplasmic staining of HIF1α and centro-tumoral lymphocyte FOXP3 staining showed statistically significant correlations with survival. Conclusion The coherence of signal transduction molecules with survival of patients with TNBC is still controversially discussed in the literature. Our study comprises one more mosaic stone in the elucidation of these intracellular processes and their influences on patient outcome. Lots of research still has to be done in this field, but it would be worthwhile as it may offer new therapeutic targets for a group of patients with breast cancer, which is still hard to treat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Niclas Mumm
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandra C Kölbl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Andergassen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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22
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Jin MS, Park IA, Kim JY, Chung YR, Im SA, Lee KH, Moon HG, Han W, Noh DY, Ryu HS. New insight on the biological role of p53 protein as a tumor suppressor: re-evaluation of its clinical significance in triple-negative breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:11017-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4990-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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23
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Perspectives on Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Regulation in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Ligand-Mediated Mechanisms of Receptor Regulation and Potential for Clinical Targeting. Adv Cancer Res 2015; 127:253-81. [PMID: 26093903 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Currently, there are no effective targeted therapies for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) indicating a critical unmet need for breast cancer patients. Tumors that fall into the triple-negative category of breast cancers do not respond to the targeted therapies currently approved for breast cancer treatment, such as endocrine therapy (tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors) or human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) inhibitors (trastuzumab, lapatinib), because these tumors lack the most common breast cancer markers: estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2. While many patients with TNBC respond to chemotherapy, subsets of patients fare poorly and relapse very quickly. Studies indicate that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently overrepresented in TNBC (>50%), suggesting EGFR could be used as a biomarker and target in breast cancer. While it is clear that this growth factor receptor plays an integral role in TNBC, little is known about the mechanisms of sustained EGFR activation and how to target this protein despite availability of EGFR-targeted inhibitors, suggesting that our understanding of EGFR deregulation in TNBC is incomplete.
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24
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Zhang LL, Wu J, Liu Q, Zhang Y, Sun ZL, Jing H. MiR-886-5p inhibition inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of MCF7 cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:1511-5. [PMID: 24641359 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.4.1511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To explore the molecular mechanisms of miR-886-5p in breast cancer., we examined roles in inhibiting growth and migration of MCF-7 cells. METHODS MiR-886-5p mimics and inhibitors were used to express or inhibit MiR-886-5p, respectively, and MTT and clone formation assays were used to determine the survival and proliferation. Hoechst 33342/ PI double staining was applied to detect apoptosis. The expression of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, MT1-MMP, VEGF-C and VEGF-D was detected by Western blotting, and the levels of MMP2 and MMP9 secreted from MCF-7 cells were assessed by ELISA. MCF-7 cell migration was determined by wound healing and Transwell assays. RESULTS We found that the growth of MCF-7 cells was inhibited upon decreasing miR-886-5p levels. Inhibiting miR-866-5p also significantly induced apoptosis and decreased the migratory capacity of these cells. The expression of VEGF-C, VEGF-D, MT1-MMP, MMP2, and MMP9 was also found to be decreased as compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that downregulation of miR-886-5p expression in MCF-7 cells could significantly inhibit cell growth and migration. This might imply that inhibiting miR-886-5p could be a therapeutic strategy in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Lei Zhang
- Department of General Pathology, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kai Feng, China E-mail :
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25
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Nelson MT, Short A, Cole SL, Gross AC, Winter J, Eubank TD, Lannutti JJ. Preferential, enhanced breast cancer cell migration on biomimetic electrospun nanofiber 'cell highways'. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:825. [PMID: 25385001 PMCID: PMC4236463 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aggressive metastatic breast cancer cells seemingly evade surgical resection and current therapies, leading to colonization in distant organs and tissues and poor patient prognosis. Therefore, high-throughput in vitro tools allowing rapid, accurate, and novel anti-metastatic drug screening are grossly overdue. Conversely, aligned nanofiber constitutes a prominent component of the late-stage breast tumor margin extracellular matrix. This parallel suggests that the use of a synthetic ECM in the form of a nanoscale model could provide a convenient means of testing the migration potentials of cancer cells to achieve a long-term goal of providing clinicians an in vitro platform technology to test the efficacy of novel experimental anti-metastatic compounds. METHODS Electrospinning produces highly aligned, cell-adhesive nanofiber matrices by applying a strong electric field to a polymer-containing solution. The resulting fibrous microstructure and morphology closely resembles in vivo tumor microenvironments suggesting their use in analysis of migratory potentials of metastatic cancer cells. Additionally, a novel interface with a gel-based delivery system creates CXCL12 chemotactic gradients to enhance CXCR4-expressing cell migration. RESULTS Cellular dispersions of MCF-10A normal mammary epithelial cells or human breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) seeded on randomly-oriented nanofiber exhibited no significant differences in total or net distance traveled as a result of the underlying topography. Cells traveled ~2-5 fold greater distances on aligned fiber. Highly-sensitive MDA-MB-231 cells displayed an 82% increase in net distance traversed in the presence of a CXCL12 gradient. In contrast, MCF-7 cells exhibited only 31% increase and MCF-10A cells showed no statistical difference versus control or vehicle conditions. MCF-10A cells displayed little sensitivity to CXCL12 gradients, while MCF-7 cells displayed early sensitivity when CXCL12 concentrations were higher. MDA-MB-231 cells displayed low relative expression levels of CXCR4, but high sensitivity resulting in 55-fold increase at late time points due to CXCL12 gradient dissipation. CONCLUSIONS This model could create clinical impact as an in vitro diagnostic tool for rapid assessment of tumor needle biopsies to confirm metastatic tumors, their invasiveness, and allow high-throughput drug screening providing rapid development of personalized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Tyler Nelson
- />Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Aaron Short
- />Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Sara L Cole
- />Campus Microscopy and Imaging Facility, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Amy C Gross
- />Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Jessica Winter
- />Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH USA
- />Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Tim D Eubank
- />Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH USA
| | - John J Lannutti
- />Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ohio State University, 143 Fontana Labs, 116 W 19th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210-1179 USA
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26
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Zhu X, Li Q, Li S, Chen B, Zou H. HIF-1α decoy oligodeoxynucleotides inhibit HIF-1α signaling and breast cancer proliferation. Int J Oncol 2014; 46:215-22. [PMID: 25334080 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Although HIF-1α is considered an attractive target for the development of cancer therapies, like other transcriptional factors, it has been regarded as 'undruggable'. The decoy approach is a new class of antigene strategy that can be used to modulate the function of endogenous transcriptional factors. Here, we designed a decoy oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) and tested its effect on the function of HIF-1α. We found the HIF-1α decoy ODN could efficiently enter into cells. Furthermore, these decoy ODNs can significantly block the expression of VEGFA, a known targeted gene of HIF-1α suggesting that the HIF-1α decoy ODNs can inhibit the function of HIF-1α. More importantly, the HIF-1α decoy ODN induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. In summary, HIF-1α decoy ODNs can inhibit the function of HIF-1α and induce cancer cell apoptosis. Therefore, HIF-1α decoy ODNs should be further modified to improve their biological activity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhong Zhu
- Outpatient Department, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou 510010, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou 510010, P.R. China
| | - Bote Chen
- Department of Urology, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou 510010, P.R. China
| | - Haidong Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou 510010, P.R. China
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27
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Calvano Filho CMC, Calvano-Mendes DC, Carvalho KC, Maciel GA, Ricci MD, Torres AP, Filassi JR, Baracat EC. Triple-negative and luminal A breast tumors: differential expression of miR-18a-5p, miR-17-5p, and miR-20a-5p. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:7733-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2025-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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28
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Zhang C, Han Y, Huang H, Min L, Qu L, Shou C. Integrated analysis of expression profiling data identifies three genes in correlation with poor prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer. Int J Oncol 2014; 44:2025-33. [PMID: 24676531 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) shows more aggressive clinical behavior and poorer outcome than non-triple-negative breast cancer (NTNBC), and cannot be treated either via endocrine therapy or by Trastuzumab. For TNBC, chemotherapy is currently the mainstay of systemic medical treatment, the lack of more efficient options of treatment has been a problem in breast cancer prevention. In this study, we aimed to find genes related to prognosis in TNBC by bioinformatic analysis and to provide therapeutic candidates for TNBC treatment. We compared the differences in gene expression levels between cancer patients and healthy individuals across five breast cancer microarray databases to generate a gene cohort specifically upregulated in the NTNBC subtype, whose expression levels are ≥2-fold higher in TNBC compared to NTNBC and healthy individuals. Another two databases with clinical information were applied for following Kaplan-Meier analysis, and high expression of BIRC5, CENPA and FAM64A in this cohort were found to be related to poor survival (OS, DMFS, DFS and RFS). This correlation was also seen in patients at early stages and grades. On the other hand, the outcome of patients with synchronous upregulation of these three genes was the worst, while those with synchronous low gene level was the best. In conclusion, BIRC5, CENPA and FAM64A are specifically upregulated in TNBC, and the high expression of these three genes is associated with poor breast cancer prognosis, suggesting their clinical implication as therapeutic targets in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Yong Han
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Hao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Li Min
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Like Qu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Chengchao Shou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
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29
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Gafiuc D, Weiß M, Mylonas I, Brüning A. Borrelidin has limited anti-cancer effects in bcl-2 overexpressing breast cancer and leukemia cells and reveals toxicity in non-malignant breast epithelial cells. J Appl Toxicol 2013; 34:1109-13. [PMID: 24155182 DOI: 10.1002/jat.2946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Clinically effective anti-cancer drugs have to tread a narrow line between selective cytotoxicity on tumor cells and tolerable adverse effects against healthy tissues. This causes the failure of many potential cancer drugs in advanced clinical trials, hence signifying the importance of a comprehensive initial estimate of the cytotoxicity of prospective anti-cancer drugs in preclinical studies. In this study, the cytotoxicity of borrelidin, a macrolide antibiotic with a high cytotoxic selectivity for proliferating endothelial cells and leukemia cells, was tested on malignant and non-malignant breast cells. Highly metastatic breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435) showed promising results and exhibited good sensitivity to borrelidin at low nanomolar concentrations, but borrelidin was cytotoxic to a non-malignant breast epithelial cell line (MCF10A) as well. Furthermore, although a high sensitivity of endothelial cells (human umbilical vein endothelial cells; HUVEC) and individual leukemia cell lines (Jurkat and IM9) to borrelidin was confirmed in this study, another leukemia cell line (HL60) and an immortalized endothelial cell line (EA.hy926) displayed a significantly decreased sensitivity. Reduced sensitivity to borrelidin was associated with elevated bcl-2 expression in these cell lines. In conclusion, the results presented show that borrelidin displays high and selective cytotoxicity against subgroups of cancer cells and endothelial cells, but, owing to its non-specific toxicity to non-malignant cells, its clinical application might be restricted because of likely adverse effects and limited efficacy in bcl2-overexpressing cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Gafiuc
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Maistrasse 11, 80337, München, Germany
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