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Deng H, Wang F, Wu Q, Sun H, Ma J, Ni R, Li Z, Zhang L, Zhang J, Liu M. Novel Multiresistant Osmotin-like Protein from Sweetpotato as a Promising Biofungicide to Control Ceratocystis fimbriata by Destroying Spores through Accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:1487-1499. [PMID: 38215405 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Osmotin-like proteins (OLPs) play an important role in host-plant defense. In this study, a novel multiresistant OLP (IbOLP1) was screened from sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) with a molecular weight of 26.3 kDa. The expression level of IbOLP1 was significantly higher in resistant cultivars than susceptible ones after inoculation with Ceratocystis fimbriata, which causes black rot disease in sweetpotato. The expression of IbOLP1 in Pichia pastoris led to the lysis of yeast cells themselves. The recombinant IbOLP1 displayed antifungal, antibacterial, and antinematode activity and stability. IbOLP1 could restrain the mycelial growth and lyse spores of C. fimbriata, distinctly reducing the incidence of black rot in sweetpotato. The IbOLP1 can trigger the apoptosis of black rot spores by elevating the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species. Collectively, these findings suggest that IbOLP1 can be used to develop natural antimicrobial resources instead of chemical agents and generate new, disease-resistant germplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huangyue Deng
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, China
| | - Fangrui Wang
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, China
| | - Houjun Sun
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu, Xuhuai District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221131, China
| | - Jukui Ma
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu, Xuhuai District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221131, China
| | - Rui Ni
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, China
| | - Zongyun Li
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province 250100, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, China
| | - Meiyan Liu
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, China
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The potential of plant proteins as antifungal agents for agricultural applications. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2022; 7:1075-1083. [PMID: 35891944 PMCID: PMC9305310 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal pathogens induce a variety of diseases in both plants and post-harvest food crops, resulting in significant crop losses for the agricultural industry. Although the usage of chemical-based fungicides is the most common way to control these diseases, they damage the environment, have the potential to harm human and animal life, and may lead to resistant fungal strains. Accordingly, there is an urgent need for diverse and effective agricultural fungicides that are environmentally- and eco-friendly. Plants have evolved various mechanisms in their innate immune system to defend against fungal pathogens, including soluble proteins secreted from plants with antifungal activities. These proteins can inhibit fungal growth and infection through a variety of mechanisms while exhibiting diverse functionality in addition to antifungal activity. In this mini review, we summarize and discuss the potential of using plant antifungal proteins for future agricultural applications from the perspective of bioengineering and biotechnology.
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Anisimova OK, Kochieva EZ, Shchennikova AV, Filyushin MA. Thaumatin-like Protein (TLP) Genes in Garlic (Allium sativum L.): Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization, and Expression in Response to Fusarium proliferatum Infection. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11060748. [PMID: 35336630 PMCID: PMC8949454 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Plant antifungal proteins include the pathogenesis-related (PR)-5 family of fungi- and other stress-responsive thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs). However, the information on the TLPs of garlic (Allium sativum L.), which is often infected with soil Fusarium fungi, is very limited. In the present study, we identified 32 TLP homologs in the A. sativum cv. Ershuizao genome, which may function in the defense against Fusarium attack. The promoters of A. sativumTLP (AsTLP) genes contained cis-acting elements associated with hormone signaling and response to various types of stress, including those caused by fungal pathogens and their elicitors. The expression of AsTLP genes in Fusarium-resistant and -susceptible garlic cultivars was differently regulated by F. proliferatum infection. Thus, in the roots the mRNA levels of AsTLP7–9 and 21 genes were increased in resistant and decreased in susceptible A. sativum cultivars, suggesting the involvement of these genes in the garlic response to F. proliferatum attack. Our results provide insights into the role of TLPs in garlic and may be useful for breeding programs to increase the resistance of Allium crops to Fusarium infections.
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Faillace GR, Caruso PB, Timmers LFSM, Favero D, Guzman FL, Rechenmacher C, de Oliveira-Busatto LA, de Souza ON, Bredemeier C, Bodanese-Zanettini MH. Molecular Characterisation of Soybean Osmotins and Their Involvement in Drought Stress Response. Front Genet 2021; 12:632685. [PMID: 34249077 PMCID: PMC8267864 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.632685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osmotins are multifunctional proteins belonging to the thaumatin-like family related to plant stress responses. To better understand the functions of soybean osmotins in drought stress response, the current study presents the characterisation of four previously described proteins and a novel putative soybean osmotin (GmOLPa-like). Gene and protein structure as well as gene expression analyses were conducted on different tissues and developmental stages of two soybean cultivars with varying dehydration sensitivities (BR16 and EMB48 are highly and slightly sensitive, respectively). The analysed osmotin sequences share the conserved amino acid signature and 3D structure of the thaumatin-like family. Some differences were observed in the conserved regions of protein sequences and in the electrostatic surface potential. P21-like present the most similar electrostatic potential to osmotins previously characterised as promoters of drought tolerance in Nicotiana tabacum and Solanum nigrum. Gene expression analysis indicated that soybean osmotins were differentially expressed in different organs (leaves and roots), developmental stages (R1 and V3), and cultivars in response to dehydration. In addition, under dehydration conditions, the highest level of gene expression was detected for GmOLPa-like and P21-like osmotins in the leaves and roots, respectively, of the less drought sensitive cultivar. Altogether, the results suggest an involvement of these genes in drought stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Ramos Faillace
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia: Biotec Seca-Pragas, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paula Bacaicoa Caruso
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Modelagem e Simulação de Biossistemas (LABIO), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luis Fernando Saraiva Macedo Timmers
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Modelagem e Simulação de Biossistemas (LABIO), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Débora Favero
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fitotecnia, Departamento de Plantas de Lavoura, Faculdade de Agronomia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Frank Lino Guzman
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia (CBiot), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ciliana Rechenmacher
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia: Biotec Seca-Pragas, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luisa Abruzzi de Oliveira-Busatto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia: Biotec Seca-Pragas, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Osmar Norberto de Souza
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Modelagem e Simulação de Biossistemas (LABIO), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Christian Bredemeier
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fitotecnia, Departamento de Plantas de Lavoura, Faculdade de Agronomia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maria Helena Bodanese-Zanettini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia: Biotec Seca-Pragas, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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de Jesús-Pires C, Ferreira-Neto JRC, Pacifico Bezerra-Neto J, Kido EA, de Oliveira Silva RL, Pandolfi V, Wanderley-Nogueira AC, Binneck E, da Costa AF, Pio-Ribeiro G, Pereira-Andrade G, Sittolin IM, Freire-Filho F, Benko-Iseppon AM. Plant Thaumatin-like Proteins: Function, Evolution and Biotechnological Applications. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2021; 21:36-51. [PMID: 30887921 DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666190318164905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) are a highly complex protein family associated with host defense and developmental processes in plants, animals, and fungi. They are highly diverse in angiosperms, for which they are classified as the PR-5 (Pathogenesis-Related-5) protein family. In plants, TLPs have a variety of properties associated with their structural diversity. They are mostly associated with responses to biotic stresses, in addition to some predicted activities under drought and osmotic stresses. The present review covers aspects related to the structure, evolution, gene expression, and biotechnological potential of TLPs. The efficiency of the discovery of new TLPs is below its potential, considering the availability of omics data. Furthermore, we present an exemplary bioinformatics annotation procedure that was applied to cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) transcriptome, including libraries of two tissues (root and leaf), and two stress types (biotic/abiotic) generated using different sequencing approaches. Even without using genomic sequences, the pipeline uncovered 56 TLP candidates in both tissues and stresses. Interestingly, abiotic stress (root dehydration) was associated with a high number of modulated TLP isoforms. The nomenclature used so far for TLPs was also evaluated, considering TLP structure and possible functions identified to date. It is clear that plant TLPs are promising candidates for breeding purposes and for plant transformation aiming a better performance under biotic and abiotic stresses. The development of new therapeutic drugs against human fungal pathogens also deserves attention. Despite that, applications derived from TLP molecules are still below their potential, as it is evident in our review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolline de Jesús-Pires
- Departamento de Genetica, Centro de Biociencias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - João Pacifico Bezerra-Neto
- Departamento de Genetica, Centro de Biociencias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ederson Akio Kido
- Departamento de Genetica, Centro de Biociencias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Valesca Pandolfi
- Departamento de Genetica, Centro de Biociencias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Eliseu Binneck
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria, Embrapa Soja, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | | | - Gilvan Pio-Ribeiro
- Departamento de Agronomia/Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Genira Pereira-Andrade
- Departamento de Agronomia/Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ilza Maria Sittolin
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria, Embrapa Meio-Norte, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Francisco Freire-Filho
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria, Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Benko-Iseppon
- Departamento de Genetica, Centro de Biociencias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Porteous-Álvarez AJ, Mayo-Prieto S, Álvarez-García S, Reinoso B, Casquero PA. Genetic Response of Common Bean to the Inoculation with Indigenous Fusarium Isolates. J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:E228. [PMID: 33081231 PMCID: PMC7711915 DOI: 10.3390/jof6040228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal species from the genus Fusarium are important soil-borne pathogens worldwide, causing significant economic losses in diverse crops. The need to find sustainable solutions against this disease has led to the development of new strategies-for instance, the use of biocontrol agents. In this regard, non-pathogenic Fusarium isolates have demonstrated their ability to help other plants withstand subsequent pathogen attacks. In the present work, several Fusarium isolates were evaluated in climatic chambers to identify those presenting low or non-pathogenic behavior. The inoculation with a low-pathogenic isolate of the fungus did not affect the development of the plant, contrary to the results observed in plants inoculated with pathogenic isolates. The expression of defense-related genes was evaluated and compared between plants inoculated with pathogenic and low-pathogenic Fusarium isolates. Low-pathogenic isolates caused a general downregulation of several plant defense-related genes, while pathogenic ones produced an upregulation of these genes. This kind of response to low-pathogenic fungal isolates has been already described for other plant species and fungal pathogens, being related to enhanced tolerance to later pathogen attacks. The results here presented suggest that low-pathogenic F. oxysporum and F. solani isolates may have potential biocontrol activity against bean pathogens via induced and systemic responses in the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Pedro A. Casquero
- Grupo Universitario de Investigación en Ingeniería y Agricultura Sostenible (GUIIAS), Instituto de Medio Ambiente, Recursos Naturales y Biodiversidad, Universidad de León, Avenida Portugal 41, 24071 León, Spain; (A.J.P.-Á.); (S.M.-P.); (S.Á.-G.); (B.R.)
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Bashir MA, Silvestri C, Ahmad T, Hafiz IA, Abbasi NA, Manzoor A, Cristofori V, Rugini E. Osmotin: A Cationic Protein Leads to Improve Biotic and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9080992. [PMID: 32759884 PMCID: PMC7464907 DOI: 10.3390/plants9080992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Research on biologically active compounds has been increased in order to improve plant protection against various environmental stresses. Among natural sources, plants are the fundamental material for studying these bioactive compounds as their immune system consists of many peptides, proteins, and hormones. Osmotin is a multifunctional stress-responsive protein belonging to pathogenesis-related 5 (PR-5) defense-related protein family, which is involved in inducing osmo-tolerance in plants. In this scenario, the accumulation of osmotin initiates abiotic and biotic signal transductions. These proteins work as antifungal agents against a broad range of fungal species by increasing plasma membrane permeability and dissipating the membrane potential of infecting fungi. Therefore, overexpression of tobacco osmotin protein in transgenic plants protects them from different stresses by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, limiting lipid peroxidation, initiating programmed cell death (PCD), and increasing proline content and scavenging enzyme activity. Other than osmotin, its homologous proteins, osmotin-like proteins (OLPs), also have dual function in plant defense against osmotic stress and have strong antifungal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ajmal Bashir
- Department of Horticulture, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan; (M.A.B.); (T.A.); (I.A.H.); (N.A.A.)
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (V.C.); (E.R.)
| | - Cristian Silvestri
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (V.C.); (E.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-761-357533
| | - Touqeer Ahmad
- Department of Horticulture, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan; (M.A.B.); (T.A.); (I.A.H.); (N.A.A.)
| | - Ishfaq Ahmad Hafiz
- Department of Horticulture, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan; (M.A.B.); (T.A.); (I.A.H.); (N.A.A.)
| | - Nadeem Akhtar Abbasi
- Department of Horticulture, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan; (M.A.B.); (T.A.); (I.A.H.); (N.A.A.)
| | - Ayesha Manzoor
- Barani Agricultural Research Institute, Chakwal 48800, Pakistan;
| | - Valerio Cristofori
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (V.C.); (E.R.)
| | - Eddo Rugini
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (V.C.); (E.R.)
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TaTLP1 interacts with TaPR1 to contribute to wheat defense responses to leaf rust fungus. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008713. [PMID: 32658889 PMCID: PMC7357741 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs), which are defined as pathogenesis-related protein family 5 (PR5) members, are common plant proteins involved in defense responses and confer antifungal activity against many plant pathogens. Our earlier studies have reported that the TaTLP1 gene was isolated from wheat and proved to be involved in wheat defense in response to leaf rust attack. The present study aims to identify the interacting proteins of TaTLP1 and characterize the role of the interaction between wheat and Puccinia triticina (Pt). Pull-down experiments designed to isolate the molecular target of TaTLP1 in tobacco resulted in the identification of TaPR1, a pathogenesis-related protein of family 1, and the interaction between TaTLP1 and TaPR1 was confirmed by yeast two-hybrid experiments (Y2H), bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC), and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). In vitro, TaTLP1 and TaPR1 together increased antifungal activity against Pt. In vivo, the disease resistance phenotype, histological observations of fungal growth and host responses, and accumulation of H2O2 in TaTLP1-TaPR1 in co-silenced plants indicated that co-silencing significantly enhanced wheat susceptibility compared to single knockdown TaTLP1 or TaPR1 plants. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was significantly reduced in co-silenced plants compared to controls during Pt infection, which suggested that the TaTLP1-TaPR1 interaction positively modulates wheat resistance to Pt in an ROS-dependent manner. Our findings provide new insights for understanding the roles of two different PRs, TaTLP1 and TaPR1, in wheat resistance to leaf rust.
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Yadav AN, Singh J, Rastegari AA, Yadav N. Phyllospheric Microbiomes: Diversity, Ecological Significance, and Biotechnological Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [PMCID: PMC7123684 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-38453-1_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The phyllosphere referred to the total aerial plant surfaces (above-ground portions), as habitat for microorganisms. Microorganisms establish compositionally complex communities on the leaf surface. The microbiome of phyllosphere is rich in diversity of bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, cyanobacteria, and viruses. The diversity, dispersal, and community development on the leaf surface are based on the physiochemistry, environment, and also the immunity of the host plant. A colonization process is an important event where both the microbe and the host plant have been benefited. Microbes commonly established either epiphytic or endophytic mode of life cycle on phyllosphere environment, which helps the host plant and functional communication with the surrounding environment. To the scientific advancement, several molecular techniques like metagenomics and metaproteomics have been used to study and understand the physiology and functional relationship of microbes to the host and its environment. Based on the available information, this chapter describes the basic understanding of microbiome in leaf structure and physiology, microbial interactions, especially bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes, and their adaptation in the phyllosphere environment. Further, the detailed information related to the importance of the microbiome in phyllosphere to the host plant and their environment has been analyzed. Besides, biopotentials of the phyllosphere microbiome have been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajar Nath Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Joginder Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab India
| | | | - Neelam Yadav
- Gopi Nath PG College, Veer Bahadur Singh Purvanchal University, Ghazipur, Uttar Pradesh India
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Barbosa MS, da Silva Souza B, Silva Sales AC, de Sousa JDL, da Silva FDS, Araújo Mendes MG, da Costa KRL, de Oliveira TM, Daboit TC, de Oliveira JS. Antifungal Proteins from Plant Latex. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2019; 21:497-506. [PMID: 31746293 DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666191119101756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Latex, a milky fluid found in several plants, is widely used for many purposes, and its proteins have been investigated by researchers. Many studies have shown that latex produced by some plant species is a natural source of biologically active compounds, and many of the hydrolytic enzymes are related to health benefits. Research on the characterization and industrial and pharmaceutical utility of latex has progressed in recent years. Latex proteins are associated with plants' defense mechanisms, against attacks by fungi. In this respect, there are several biotechnological applications of antifungal proteins. Some findings reveal that antifungal proteins inhibit fungi by interrupting the synthesis of fungal cell walls or rupturing the membrane. Moreover, both phytopathogenic and clinical fungal strains are susceptible to latex proteins. The present review describes some important features of proteins isolated from plant latex which presented in vitro antifungal activities: protein classification, function, molecular weight, isoelectric point, as well as the fungal species that are inhibited by them. We also discuss their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayck Silva Barbosa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Laticifer Plants, Federal University of Piaui, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Parnaiba- PI, Brazil
| | - Bruna da Silva Souza
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Laticifer Plants, Federal University of Piaui, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Parnaiba- PI, Brazil
| | - Ana Clara Silva Sales
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Laticifer Plants, Federal University of Piaui, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Parnaiba- PI, Brazil
| | - Jhoana D'arc Lopes de Sousa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Laticifer Plants, Federal University of Piaui, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Parnaiba- PI, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Gabriela Araújo Mendes
- Group of Advanced Studies in Medical Mycology, Federal University of Piaui, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Parnaiba-PI, Brazil
| | - Káritta Raquel Lustoza da Costa
- Group of Advanced Studies in Medical Mycology, Federal University of Piaui, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Parnaiba-PI, Brazil
| | - Taiane Maria de Oliveira
- Research Center on Biodiversity and Biotechnology, Federal University of Piaui, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Parnaiba-PI, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Caroline Daboit
- Group of Advanced Studies in Medical Mycology, Federal University of Piaui, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Parnaiba-PI, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Soares de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Laticifer Plants, Federal University of Piaui, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Parnaiba- PI, Brazil
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Wang C, Yuan S, Zhang W, Ng T, Ye X. Buckwheat Antifungal Protein with Biocontrol Potential To Inhibit Fungal ( Botrytis cinerea) Infection of Cherry Tomato. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:6748-6756. [PMID: 31136167 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A 11 kDa antifungal protein FEAP was purified from buckwheat ( Fagopyrum esculentum) seed extract with a procedure involving (NH4)2SO4 precipitation and chromatography on SP-Sepharose, Affi-gel blue gel, Mono S, and Superdex peptide. Its N-terminal sequence was AQXGAQGGGAT, resembling those of buckwheat peptides Fα-AMP1 and Fα-AMP2. FEAP exhibited thermostability (20-100 °C) and acid resistance (pH 1-5). Its antifungal activity was retained in the presence of 10-150 mmol/L of K+, Mn2+, or Fe3+ ions, 10-50 mmol/L of Ca2+ or Mg2+ ions, and 50% methanol, 50% ethanol, 50% isopropanol, or 50% chloroform. Its half-maximal inhibitory concentrations toward spore germination and mycelial growth in Botrytis cinerea were 79.9 and 236.7 μg/mL, respectively. Its antifungal activity was superior to the fungicide cymoxanil mancozeb (248.1 μg/mL). FEAP prevented B. cinerea from infecting excised leaves, intact leaves, and isolated fruits of cherry tomato. Its mechanism involved induction of an increase in cell membrane permeability and a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tzibun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , Hong Kong 999077 , China
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12
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Padmanabhan C, Ma Q, Shekasteband R, Stewart KS, Hutton SF, Scott JW, Fei Z, Ling KS. Comprehensive transcriptome analysis and functional characterization of PR-5 for its involvement in tomato Sw-7 resistance to tomato spotted wilt tospovirus. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7673. [PMID: 31114006 PMCID: PMC6529424 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44100-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (TSWV), one of the most important plant viruses, causes yield losses to many crops including tomato. The current disease management for TSWV is based mainly on breeding tomato cultivars containing the Sw-5 locus. Unfortunately, several Sw-5 resistance-breaking strains of TSWV have been identified. Sw-7 is an alternative locus conferring resistance to a broad range of TSWV strains. In an effort to uncover gene networks that are associated with the Sw-7 resistance, we performed a comparative transcriptome profiling and gene expression analysis between a nearly-isogenic Sw-7 line and its susceptible recurrent parent (Fla. 8059) upon infection by TSWV. A total of 1,244 differentially expressed genes were identified throughout a disease progression process involving networks of host resistance genes, RNA silencing/antiviral defense genes, and crucial transcriptional and translational regulators. Notable induced genes in Sw-7 include those involved in callose accumulation, lignin deposition, proteolysis process, transcriptional activation/repression, and phosphorylation. Finally, we investigated potential involvement of PR-5 in the Sw-7 resistance. Interestingly, PR-5 overexpressed plants conferred enhanced resistance, resulting in delay in virus accumulation and symptom expression. These findings will facilitate breeding and genetic engineering efforts to incorporate this new source of resistance in tomato for protection against TSWV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chellappan Padmanabhan
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Qiyue Ma
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Reza Shekasteband
- University of Florida, IFAS, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, Wimauma, FL, USA
| | - Kevin S Stewart
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Samuel F Hutton
- University of Florida, IFAS, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, Wimauma, FL, USA
| | - John W Scott
- University of Florida, IFAS, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, Wimauma, FL, USA
| | - Zhangjun Fei
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, New York, USA.
| | - Kai-Shu Ling
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
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de Lamo FJ, Constantin ME, Fresno DH, Boeren S, Rep M, Takken FLW. Xylem Sap Proteomics Reveals Distinct Differences Between R Gene- and Endophyte-Mediated Resistance Against Fusarium Wilt Disease in Tomato. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2977. [PMID: 30564219 PMCID: PMC6288350 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance (R) genes and endophytic organisms can both protect plants against pathogens. Although the outcome of both processes is the same, little is known about the commonalities and differences between both immune responses. Here we set out to phenotypically characterize both responses in the tomato-Fusarium pathosystem, and to identify markers to distinguish these responses at the molecular level. As endophyte Fusarium oxysporum (Fo) strain Fo47 was employed, which confers protection against various pathogens, including the vascular wilt fungus F. oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (Fol). As R-gene conferring Fol resistance, the I-2 gene of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) was used. Fol colonizes the xylem vessels of susceptible and I-2 resistant tomato plants, but only causes disease in the former. Fol was found to colonize the vasculature of endophyte-colonized plants, and could be isolated from stems of non-diseased plants co-inoculated with Fo47 and Fol. Because the xylem vessels form the main interface between plant and pathogen, the xylem sap proteomes during R gene- and Endophyte-Mediated Resistance (RMR and EMR) were compared using label-free quantitative nLC-MS/MS. Surprisingly, both proteomes were remarkably similar to the mock, revealing only one or two differentially accumulated proteins in the respective resistant interactions. Whereas in I-2 plants the accumulation of the pathogenesis-related protein PR-5x was strongly induced by Fol, the endophyte triggered induction of both NP24, another PR-5 isoform, and of a β-glucanase in the presence of Fol. Notably, over 54% of the identified xylem sap proteins have a predicted intracellular localization, which implies that these might be present in exosomes. In conclusion, whereas both resistance mechanisms permit the pathogen to colonize the vasculature, this does not result in disease and this resistance coincides with specific induction of two distinct PR-5 isoforms and a β-glucanase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J. de Lamo
- Molecular Plant Pathology, Faculty of Science, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maria E. Constantin
- Molecular Plant Pathology, Faculty of Science, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - David H. Fresno
- Molecular Plant Pathology, Faculty of Science, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sjef Boeren
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Martijn Rep
- Molecular Plant Pathology, Faculty of Science, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Frank L. W. Takken
- Molecular Plant Pathology, Faculty of Science, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Dal Bosco D, Sinski I, Ritschel PS, Camargo UA, Fajardo TVM, Harakava R, Quecini V. Expression of disease resistance in genetically modified grapevines correlates with the contents of viral sequences in the T-DNA and global genome methylation. Transgenic Res 2018; 27:379-396. [PMID: 29876789 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-018-0082-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Increased tolerance to pathogens is an important goal in conventional and biotechnology-assisted grapevine breeding programs worldwide. Fungal and viral pathogens cause direct losses in berry production, but also affect the quality of the final products. Precision breeding strategies allow the introduction of resistance characters in elite cultivars, although the factors determining the plant's overall performance are not fully characterized. Grapevine plants expressing defense proteins, from fungal or plant origins, or of the coat protein gene of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3) were generated by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of somatic embryos and shoot apical meristems. The responses of the transformed lines to pathogen challenges were investigated by biochemical, phytopathological and molecular methods. The expression of a Metarhizium anisopliae chitinase gene delayed pathogenesis and disease progression against the necrotrophic pathogen Botrytis cinerea. Modified lines expressing a Solanum nigrum osmotin-like protein also exhibited slower disease progression, but to a smaller extent. Grapevine lines carrying two hairpin-inducing constructs had lower GLRaV-3 titers when challenged by grafting, although disease symptoms and viral multiplication were detected. The levels of global genome methylation were determined for the genetically engineered lines, and correlation analyses demonstrated the association between higher levels of methylated DNA and larger portions of virus-derived sequences. Resistance expression was also negatively correlated with the contents of introduced viral sequences and genome methylation, indicating that the effectiveness of resistance strategies employing sequences of viral origin is subject to epigenetic regulation in grapevine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Dal Bosco
- Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Caixa Postal 130, Bento Gonçalves, RS, 95701-008, Brazil
| | - Iraci Sinski
- Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Caixa Postal 130, Bento Gonçalves, RS, 95701-008, Brazil
| | - Patrícia S Ritschel
- Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Caixa Postal 130, Bento Gonçalves, RS, 95701-008, Brazil
| | - Umberto A Camargo
- Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Caixa Postal 130, Bento Gonçalves, RS, 95701-008, Brazil
| | - Thor V M Fajardo
- Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Caixa Postal 130, Bento Gonçalves, RS, 95701-008, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Harakava
- Instituto Biológico, Secretaria da Agricultura e Abastecimento, Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegocios (APTA), Av. Conselheiro Rodrigues Alves 1252, São Paulo, SP, 04014-002, Brazil
| | - Vera Quecini
- Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Caixa Postal 130, Bento Gonçalves, RS, 95701-008, Brazil. .,CNPUV (National Center for Grapevine and Wine Research), Embrapa (Brazilian Agricultural Corporation), Rua Livramento, 515, Bento Gonçalves, RS, 95701-008, Brazil.
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Ullah A, Hussain A, Shaban M, Khan AH, Alariqi M, Gul S, Jun Z, Lin S, Li J, Jin S, Munis MFH. Osmotin: A plant defense tool against biotic and abiotic stresses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 123:149-159. [PMID: 29245030 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants are prone to a number of pathogens and abiotic stresses that cause various disorders. However, plants possess a defense mechanism to cope with these stresses. The osmotin protein belongs to the PR-5 family of Pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, which are produced in response to diseases caused by various biotic and abiotic stresses. Osmotin uses a signal transduction pathway to inhibit the activity of defensive cell wall barriers and increases its own cytotoxic efficiency. However, in response to cytotoxic effects, this pathway stimulates a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade that triggers changes in the cell wall and enables osmotin's entrance into the plasma membrane. This mechanism involves cell wall binding and membrane perturbation, although the complete mechanism of osmotin activity has not been fully elucidated. Osmotin possesses an acidic cleft that is responsible for communication with its receptor in the plasma membrane of fungi. Osmotin is also involved in the initiation of apoptosis and programmed cell death, whereas its overexpression causes the accumulation of proline in transgenic plants. A higher concentration of osmotin can cause the lysis of hyphae tips. This review highlights the role of osmotin protein in the plant defense mechanism and its mode of action against numerous pathogens in wild and transgenic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid Ullah
- College of Plant Science and Technology, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Amjad Hussain
- College of Plant Science and Technology, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Muhammad Shaban
- College of Plant Science and Technology, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Aamir Hamid Khan
- College of Plant Science and Technology, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Muna Alariqi
- College of Plant Science and Technology, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Summia Gul
- Department of Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Zhang Jun
- College of Plant Science and Technology, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Sun Lin
- College of Plant Science and Technology, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Jianying Li
- College of Plant Science and Technology, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Shuangxia Jin
- College of Plant Science and Technology, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
| | - Muhammad Farooq Hussain Munis
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; University of California, Department of Plant Pathology, 354 Hutchison Hall, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616-8680, USA.
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16
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Biotrophy-necrotrophy switch in pathogen evoke differential response in resistant and susceptible sesame involving multiple signaling pathways at different phases. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17251. [PMID: 29222513 PMCID: PMC5722813 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17248-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection stages of charcoal rot fungus Macrophomina phaseolina in sesame revealed for the first time a transition from biotrophy via BNS (biotrophy-to-necrotrophy switch) to necrotrophy as confirmed by transcriptional studies. Microscopy using normal and GFP-expressing pathogen showed typical constricted thick intercellular bitrophic hyphae which gave rise to thin intracellular necrotrophic hyphae during BNS and this stage was delayed in a resistant host. Results also show that as the pathogen switched its strategy of infection, the host tailored its defense strategy to meet the changing situation. Less ROS accumulation, upregulation of ROS signaling genes and higher antioxidant enzyme activities post BNS resulted in resistance. There was greater accumulation of secondary metabolites and upregulation of secondary metabolite-related genes after BNS. A total of twenty genes functioning in different aspects of plant defense that were monitored over a time course during the changing infection phases showed a coordinated response. Experiments using phytohormone priming and phytohormone inhibitors showed that resistance resulted from activation of JA-ET signaling pathway. Most importantly this defense response was more prompt in the resistant than the susceptible host indicating that a resistant host makes different choices from a susceptible host during infection which ultimately influences the severity of the disease.
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17
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Aghazadeh R, Zamani M, Motallebi M, Moradyar M. Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of the Oryza sativa Thaumatin-Like Protein to Canola (R Line Hyola308) for Enhancing Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 15:201-207. [PMID: 29845070 PMCID: PMC5811068 DOI: 10.15171/ijb.1585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background: Canola is an agro-economically oilseed crop. Yield loss due to fungal disease of stem rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a serious problem in canola cultivation. Thaumatin-like proteins are large groups of the pathogenesis-related proteins which provide resistance to the fungal infection in response to invading pathogens and play a key role in plant defense system. Objectives: Transformation of the rice tlp into canola via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and evaluation of the antifungal activity of the expressed TLP in the transgenic events on the S. sclerotiorum growth was subject to investigation. Materials and methods: The canola (R line Hyola308) was used for transformation experiment. The vector, pBITLPRA1, was used for the stable transformation. The PCR and southern blotting techniques were used to confirm transgene's presence in the transgenic canola events. Antifungal activity of transgenic plants was evaluated by the radial diffusion and spore germination assays. T2 transgenic plants were evaluated by the intact leaf inoculation method in greenhouse assay. Results: In this study, pBITLPRA1 construct containing tlp gene was introduced into canola and the transformed plants were verified by PCR. The glucanase activity of tlp gene in T0 generation was measured and transgenic plants with high activity were assessed by Southern blot analysis to confirm the copy number of the gene. Also, antifungal activity of the single copy T0 transgenic plants against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was evaluated by radial diffusion and spore germination assays. In greenhouse assay, evaluation of T2 transgenic plants by the intact leaf inoculation method demonstrated that following the infection with S. sclerotiorum, there was a significant reduction in the lesion's diameter in transgenic lines compared to the non-transgenic ones. Conclusions: These results revealed that expression of TLP has an inhibitory effect against fungus compared to non-transgenic plants both in vitro and in vivo (i.e., greenhouse condition). These transgenic lines could be used as the additional sources of disease resistance for canola breeding program.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammadreza Zamani
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Motallebi
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
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Chowdhury S, Basu A, Kundu S. Overexpression of a New Osmotin-Like Protein Gene ( SindOLP) Confers Tolerance against Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Sesame. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:410. [PMID: 28400780 PMCID: PMC5368222 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Osmotin-like proteins (OLPs), of PR-5 family, mediate defense against abiotic, and biotic stresses in plants. Overexpression in sesame of an OLP gene (SindOLP), enhanced tolerance against drought, salinity, oxidative stress, and the charcoal rot pathogen. SindOLP was expressed in all parts and localized to the cytosol. The transgenic plants recovered after prolonged drought and salinity stress, showing less electrolyte leakage, more water content, longer roots, and smaller stomatal aperture compared to control plants. There was an increase in osmolytes, ROS-scavenging enzymes, chlorophyll content, proline, secondary metabolites, and reduced lipid peroxidation in the transgenic sesame under multiple stresses. The OLP gene imparted increased tolerance through the increased expression of three genes coding for ROS scavenging enzymes and five defense-related marker genes functioning in the JA/ET and SA pathways, namely Si-Apetala2, Si-Ethylene-responsive factor, Si-Defensin, Si-Chitinase, and Si-Thaumatin-like protein were monitored. The transgenic lines showed greater survival under different stresses compared to control through the integrated activation of multiple components of the defense signaling cascade. This is the first report of transgenic sesame and first of any study done on defense-related genes in sesame. This is also the first attempt at understanding the molecular mechanism underlying multi-stress tolerance imparted by an OLP.
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Aghazadeh R, Zamani M, Motallebi M, Moradyar M, Moghadassi Jahromi Z. Co-transformation of canola by chimeric chitinase and tlp genes towards improving resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 32:144. [PMID: 27430511 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-016-2104-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Canola (Brassica napus) plants were co-transformed with two pathogenesis-related protein genes expressing a Trichoderma atroviride chitinase with a chitin-binding domain (chimeric chitinase) and a thaumatin-like protein (tlp) from Oryza sativa conferring resistance to phytopatogenic fungi by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The putative transgenic plants were confirmed by PCR. After measuring the specific activity of the chimeric chitinase and glucanase activity for tlp genes, transgenic plants with high specific activity were selected for southern blot analysis to confirm the copy number of the genes. In vitro assays, the antifungal activity of crude extracted protein against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum showed that the inhibition percentage in double transgenic plants was between 55 and 62, whereas the inhibition percentage in single-gene transformants (chimeric chitinase) ranged from 35 to 45 percent. Importantly, in greenhouse conditions, the double transgenic plants showed significant resistance than the single-gene transformant and wild type plants. The results in T2 generation using the intact leaf inoculation method showed that the average lesion diameters were 10, 14.7 and 29 mm for the double transformant, single-gene transformant and non-transgenic plants, respectively. Combined expression of chimeric chitinase and tlp in transgenic plants showed significantly enhanced resistance against S. sclerotiorum than the one that express single-gene transformant plants. These results suggest that the co-expression of chimeric chitinase and tlp can confer enhanced disease resistance in canola plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rustam Aghazadeh
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P.O. Box 14965/161, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Zamani
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P.O. Box 14965/161, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Motallebi
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P.O. Box 14965/161, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Moradyar
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P.O. Box 14965/161, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Moghadassi Jahromi
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P.O. Box 14965/161, Tehran, Iran
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Higuchi N, Ito Y, Kato J, Ogihara J, Kasumi T. NP24 induces apoptosis dependent on caspase-like activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biosci Bioeng 2016; 121:619-624. [PMID: 26589784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2015.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Revised: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tomato NP24 is a homolog of osmotin, a PR-5 protein from tobacco that can initiate apoptosis in yeast via PHO36 in the plasma membrane. We cloned and sequenced NP24 from tomato cv. Momotaro. Based on phylogenetic analysis, NP24 from Momotaro belonged to the Solanaceae clade. The amino acid sequence was identical to that of cv. Ailsa Craig including signal peptide, but the residues predicted to interact with the adiponectin receptor, ADIPOR, were slightly different from osmotin. Recombinant NP24 (rNP24) was expressed in a reductase-deficient mutant of Escherichia coli as host cell, and purified from cell extract by affinity chromatography. Purified rNP24 significantly inhibited growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae wild-type spheroplasts. In contrast, growth of PHO36 deletion mutant (ΔIzh2) spheroplasts was not inhibited. Moreover, rNP24 induced significant activity of reactive oxygen species, caspase-like activity, and also nuclear fragmentation in wild-type spheroplast cells. These results demonstrated that rNP24 from Momotaro greatly influenced cell viability due to triggering apoptosis through PHO36. Notably, apoptosis induced by NP24 was caspase-like protease dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Higuchi
- Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ito
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, National Food Research Institute, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Jun Kato
- Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Jun Ogihara
- Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kasumi
- Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan.
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Falcao LL, Silva-Werneck JO, Ramos ADR, Martins NF, Bresso E, Rodrigues MA, Bemquerer MP, Marcellino LH. Antimicrobial properties of two novel peptides derived from Theobroma cacao osmotin. Peptides 2016; 79:75-82. [PMID: 26996966 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The osmotin proteins of several plants display antifungal activity, which can play an important role in plant defense against diseases. Thus, this protein can be useful as a source for biotechnological strategies aiming to combat fungal diseases. In this work, we analyzed the antifungal activity of a cacao osmotin-like protein (TcOsm1) and of two osmotin-derived synthetic peptides with antimicrobial features, differing by five amino acids residues at the N-terminus. Antimicrobial tests showed that TcOsm1 expressed in Escherichia coli inhibits the growth of Moniliophthora perniciosa mycelium and Pichia pastoris X-33 in vitro. The TcOsm1-derived peptides, named Osm-pepA (H-RRLDRGGVWNLNVNPGTTGARVWARTK-NH2), located at R23-K49, and Osm-pepB (H-GGVWNLNVNPGTTGARVWARTK-NH2), located at G28-K49, inhibited growth of yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C and Pichia pastoris X-33) and spore germination of the phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium f. sp. glycines and Colletotrichum gossypi. Osm-pepA was more efficient than Osm-pepB for S. cerevisiae (MIC=40μM and MIC=127μM, respectively), as well as for P. pastoris (MIC=20μM and MIC=127μM, respectively). Furthermore, the peptides presented a biphasic performance, promoting S. cerevisiae growth in doses around 5μM and inhibiting it at higher doses. The structural model for these peptides showed that the five amino acids residues, RRLDR at Osm-pepA N-terminus, significantly affect the tertiary structure, indicating that this structure is important for the peptide antimicrobial potency. This is the first report of development of antimicrobial peptides from T. cacao. Taken together, the results indicate that the cacao osmotin and its derived peptides, herein studied, are good candidates for developing biotechnological tools aiming to control phytopathogenic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loeni L Falcao
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Emmanuel Bresso
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Magali A Rodrigues
- Centro Universitário Planalto do Distrito Federal (Uniplan), Brasília, DF, Brazil
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