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Leone R, Zuglian C, Brambilla R, Morella I. Understanding copy number variations through their genes: a molecular view on 16p11.2 deletion and duplication syndromes. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1407865. [PMID: 38948459 PMCID: PMC11211608 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1407865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) include a broad spectrum of pathological conditions that affect >4% of children worldwide, share common features and present a variegated genetic origin. They include clinically defined diseases, such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), motor disorders such as Tics and Tourette's syndromes, but also much more heterogeneous conditions like intellectual disability (ID) and epilepsy. Schizophrenia (SCZ) has also recently been proposed to belong to NDDs. Relatively common causes of NDDs are copy number variations (CNVs), characterised by the gain or the loss of a portion of a chromosome. In this review, we focus on deletions and duplications at the 16p11.2 chromosomal region, associated with NDDs, ID, ASD but also epilepsy and SCZ. Some of the core phenotypes presented by human carriers could be recapitulated in animal and cellular models, which also highlighted prominent neurophysiological and signalling alterations underpinning 16p11.2 CNVs-associated phenotypes. In this review, we also provide an overview of the genes within the 16p11.2 locus, including those with partially known or unknown function as well as non-coding RNAs. A particularly interesting interplay was observed between MVP and MAPK3 in modulating some of the pathological phenotypes associated with the 16p11.2 deletion. Elucidating their role in intracellular signalling and their functional links will be a key step to devise novel therapeutic strategies for 16p11.2 CNVs-related syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Leone
- Università di Pavia, Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cecilia Zuglian
- Università di Pavia, Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, Pavia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Brambilla
- Università di Pavia, Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, Pavia, Italy
- Cardiff University, School of Biosciences, Neuroscience and Mental Health Innovation Institute, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Ilaria Morella
- Cardiff University, School of Biosciences, Neuroscience and Mental Health Innovation Institute, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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Trimbour R, Deutschmann IM, Cantini L. Molecular mechanisms reconstruction from single-cell multi-omics data with HuMMuS. Bioinformatics 2024; 40:btae143. [PMID: 38460192 PMCID: PMC11065476 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btae143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION The molecular identity of a cell results from a complex interplay between heterogeneous molecular layers. Recent advances in single-cell sequencing technologies have opened the possibility to measure such molecular layers of regulation. RESULTS Here, we present HuMMuS, a new method for inferring regulatory mechanisms from single-cell multi-omics data. Differently from the state-of-the-art, HuMMuS captures cooperation between biological macromolecules and can easily include additional layers of molecular regulation. We benchmarked HuMMuS with respect to the state-of-the-art on both paired and unpaired multi-omics datasets. Our results proved the improvements provided by HuMMuS in terms of transcription factor (TF) targets, TF binding motifs and regulatory regions prediction. Finally, once applied to snmC-seq, scATAC-seq and scRNA-seq data from mouse brain cortex, HuMMuS enabled to accurately cluster scRNA profiles and to identify potential driver TFs. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION HuMMuS is available at https://github.com/cantinilab/HuMMuS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remi Trimbour
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3738, Machine Learning for Integrative Genomics Group, F-75015 Paris, France
- Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ina Maria Deutschmann
- Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Laura Cantini
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3738, Machine Learning for Integrative Genomics Group, F-75015 Paris, France
- Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
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3
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Sun J, Liu WK, Ellsworth C, Sun Q, Pan Y, Huang YC, Deng WM. Integrating lipid metabolism, pheromone production and perception by Fruitless and Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf6254. [PMID: 37390217 PMCID: PMC10313179 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf6254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Sexual attraction and perception are crucial for mating and reproductive success. In Drosophila melanogaster, the male-specific isoform of Fruitless (Fru), FruM, is a known master neuro-regulator of innate courtship behavior to control the perception of sex pheromones in sensory neurons. Here, we show that the non-sex-specific Fru isoform (FruCOM) is necessary for pheromone biosynthesis in hepatocyte-like oenocytes for sexual attraction. Loss of FruCOM in oenocytes resulted in adults with reduced levels of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs), including sex pheromones, and show altered sexual attraction and reduced cuticular hydrophobicity. We further identify Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (Hnf4) as a key target of FruCOM in directing fatty acid conversion to hydrocarbons. Fru or Hnf4 depletion in oenocytes disrupts lipid homeostasis, resulting in a sex-dimorphic CHC profile that differs from doublesex- and transformer-dependent CHC dimorphism. Thus, Fru couples pheromone perception and production in separate organs to regulate chemosensory communications and ensure efficient mating behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Wen-Kan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Calder Ellsworth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Yufeng Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yi-Chun Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Wu-Min Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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4
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Sun J, Liu WK, Ellsworth C, Sun Q, Pan YF, Huang YC, Deng WM. Integrating lipid metabolism, pheromone production and perception by Fruitless and Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.23.529767. [PMID: 36865119 PMCID: PMC9980076 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.23.529767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Sexual attraction and perception, governed by separate genetic circuits in different organs, are crucial for mating and reproductive success, yet the mechanisms of how these two aspects are integrated remain unclear. In Drosophila , the male-specific isoform of Fruitless (Fru), Fru M , is known as a master neuro-regulator of innate courtship behavior to control perception of sex pheromones in sensory neurons. Here we show that the non-sex specific Fru isoform (Fru COM ) is necessary for pheromone biosynthesis in hepatocyte-like oenocytes for sexual attraction. Loss of Fru COM in oenocytes resulted in adults with reduced levels of the cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs), including sex pheromones, and show altered sexual attraction and reduced cuticular hydrophobicity. We further identify Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 ( Hnf4 ) as a key target of Fru COM in directing fatty acid conversion to hydrocarbons in adult oenocytes. fru - and Hnf4 -depletion disrupts lipid homeostasis, resulting in a novel sex-dimorphic CHC profile, which differs from doublesex - and transformer -dependent sexual dimorphism of the CHC profile. Thus, Fru couples pheromone perception and production in separate organs for precise coordination of chemosensory communication that ensures efficient mating behavior. Teaser Fruitless and lipid metabolism regulator HNF4 integrate pheromone biosynthesis and perception to ensure robust courtship behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Wen-Kan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Calder Ellsworth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Yu-Feng Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yi-Chun Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Wu-Min Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Emerging Roles of RNA-Binding Proteins in Neurodevelopment. J Dev Biol 2022; 10:jdb10020023. [PMID: 35735914 PMCID: PMC9224834 DOI: 10.3390/jdb10020023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diverse cell types in the central nervous system (CNS) are generated by a relatively small pool of neural stem cells during early development. Spatial and temporal regulation of stem cell behavior relies on precise coordination of gene expression. Well-studied mechanisms include hormone signaling, transcription factor activity, and chromatin remodeling processes. Much less is known about downstream RNA-dependent mechanisms including posttranscriptional regulation, nuclear export, alternative splicing, and transcript stability. These important functions are carried out by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). Recent work has begun to explore how RBPs contribute to stem cell function and homeostasis, including their role in metabolism, transport, epigenetic regulation, and turnover of target transcripts. Additional layers of complexity are provided by the different target recognition mechanisms of each RBP as well as the posttranslational modifications of the RBPs themselves that alter function. Altogether, these functions allow RBPs to influence various aspects of RNA metabolism to regulate numerous cellular processes. Here we compile advances in RNA biology that have added to our still limited understanding of the role of RBPs in neurodevelopment.
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Derkus B, Isik M, Eylem CC, Ergin I, Camci CB, Bilgin S, Elbuken C, Arslan YE, Akkulak M, Adali O, Kiran F, Okesola BO, Nemutlu E, Emregul E. Xenogenic Neural Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Nanovesicles Modulate Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Fate and Reconstruct Metabolomic Structure. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2022; 6:e2101317. [PMID: 35347890 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202101317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular nanovesicles, particularly exosomes, can deliver their diverse bioactive biomolecular content, including miRNAs, proteins, and lipids, thus providing a context for investigating the capability of exosomes to induce stem cells toward lineage-specific cells and tissue regeneration. In this study, it is demonstrated that rat subventricular zone neural stem cell-derived exosomes (rSVZ-NSCExo) can control neural-lineage specification of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Microarray analysis shows that the miRNA content of rSVZ-NSCExo is a faithful representation of rSVZ tissue. Through immunocytochemistry, gene expression, and multi-omics analyses, the capability to use rSVZ-NSCExo to induce hMSCs into a neuroglial or neural stem cell phenotype and genotype in a temporal and dose-dependent manner via multiple signaling pathways is demonstrated. The current study presents a new and innovative strategy to modulate hMSCs fate by harnessing the molecular content of exosomes, thus suggesting future opportunities for rSVZ-NSCExo in nerve tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Derkus
- Stem Cell Research Lab, Department of ChemistryFaculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara, 06560, Turkey.,Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Advanced Materials (INTRAM) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
| | - Melis Isik
- Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Advanced Materials (INTRAM) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
| | - Cemil Can Eylem
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06530, Turkey
| | - Irem Ergin
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Turkey
| | - Can Berk Camci
- Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Advanced Materials (INTRAM) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
| | - Sila Bilgin
- Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Advanced Materials (INTRAM) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
| | - Caglar Elbuken
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey.,Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, 90014, Finland
| | - Yavuz Emre Arslan
- Regenerative Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Engineering Faculty, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, 17100, Turkey
| | - Merve Akkulak
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Orhan Adali
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Fadime Kiran
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
| | - Babatunde O Okesola
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - Emirhan Nemutlu
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06530, Turkey.,Bioanalytic and Omics Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06530, Turkey
| | - Emel Emregul
- Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Advanced Materials (INTRAM) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
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7
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Tissue and cell-type-specific transduction using rAAV vectors in lung diseases. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1057-1071. [PMID: 34021360 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02086-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy of genetically determined diseases, including some pathologies of the respiratory system, requires an efficient method for transgene delivery. Recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors are well studied and employed in gene therapy, as they are relatively simple and low immunogenic and able to efficiently transduce eukaryotic cells. To date, many natural and artificial (with modified capsids) AAV serotypes have been isolated, demonstrating preferential tropism toward different tissues and cells in accordance with the prevalent receptors on the cell surface. However, rAAV-mediated delivery is not strictly specific due to wide tropism of some viral serotypes. Thus, the development of the methods allowing modulating specificity of these vectors could be beneficial in some cases. This review describes various approaches for retargeting rAAV to respiratory cells, for example, using different types of capsid modifications and regulation of a transgene expression by tissue-specific promoters. Part of the review is devoted to the issues of transduction of stem and progenitor lung cells using AAV, which is a complicated task today.
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Betterton RD, Davis TP, Ronaldson PT. Organic Cation Transporter (OCT/OCTN) Expression at Brain Barrier Sites: Focus on CNS Drug Delivery. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2021; 266:301-328. [PMID: 33674914 PMCID: PMC8603467 DOI: 10.1007/164_2021_448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) continues to be a considerable challenge in the pharmacological treatment and management of neurological disorders. This is primarily due to the physiological and biochemical characteristics of brain barrier sites (i.e., blood-brain barrier (BBB), blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB)). Drug uptake into brain tissue is highly restricted by expression of tight junction protein complexes and adherens junctions between brain microvascular endothelial cells and choroid plexus epithelial cells. Additionally, efflux transport proteins expressed at the plasma membrane of these same endothelial and epithelial cells act to limit CNS concentrations of centrally acting drugs. In contrast, facilitated diffusion via transporter proteins allows for substrate-specific flux of molecules across the plasma membrane, directing drug uptake into the CNS. Organic Cation Transporters (OCTs) and Novel Organic Cation Transporters (OCTNs) are two subfamilies of the solute carrier 22 (SLC22) family of proteins that have significant potential to mediate delivery of positively charged, zwitterionic, and uncharged therapeutics. While expression of these transporters has been well characterized in peripheral tissues, the functional expression of OCT and OCTN transporters at CNS barrier sites and their role in delivery of therapeutic drugs to molecular targets in the brain require more detailed analysis. In this chapter, we will review current knowledge on localization, function, and regulation of OCT and OCTN isoforms at the BBB and BCSFB with a particular emphasis on how these transporters can be utilized for CNS delivery of therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Betterton
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Thomas P Davis
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Patrick T Ronaldson
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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Pooyan P, Karamzadeh R, Mirzaei M, Meyfour A, Amirkhan A, Wu Y, Gupta V, Baharvand H, Javan M, Salekdeh GH. The Dynamic Proteome of Oligodendrocyte Lineage Differentiation Features Planar Cell Polarity and Macroautophagy Pathways. Gigascience 2020; 9:5945159. [PMID: 33128372 PMCID: PMC7601170 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giaa116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Generation of oligodendrocytes is a sophisticated multistep process, the mechanistic underpinnings of which are not fully understood and demand further investigation. To systematically profile proteome dynamics during human embryonic stem cell differentiation into oligodendrocytes, we applied in-depth quantitative proteomics at different developmental stages and monitored changes in protein abundance using a multiplexed tandem mass tag-based proteomics approach. Findings Our proteome data provided a comprehensive protein expression profile that highlighted specific expression clusters based on the protein abundances over the course of human oligodendrocyte lineage differentiation. We identified the eminence of the planar cell polarity signalling and autophagy (particularly macroautophagy) in the progression of oligodendrocyte lineage differentiation—the cooperation of which is assisted by 106 and 77 proteins, respectively, that showed significant expression changes in this differentiation process. Furthermore, differentially expressed protein analysis of the proteome profile of oligodendrocyte lineage cells revealed 378 proteins that were specifically upregulated only in 1 differentiation stage. In addition, comparative pairwise analysis of differentiation stages demonstrated that abundances of 352 proteins differentially changed between consecutive differentiation time points. Conclusions Our study provides a comprehensive systematic proteomics profile of oligodendrocyte lineage cells that can serve as a resource for identifying novel biomarkers from these cells and for indicating numerous proteins that may contribute to regulating the development of myelinating oligodendrocytes and other cells of oligodendrocyte lineage. We showed the importance of planar cell polarity signalling in oligodendrocyte lineage differentiation and revealed the autophagy-related proteins that participate in oligodendrocyte lineage differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paria Pooyan
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Banihashem St., ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran.,Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Banihashem St., ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Banihashem St., ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran
| | - Razieh Karamzadeh
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Banihashem St., ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran.,Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Banihashem St., ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Banihashem St., ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mirzaei
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.,Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Anna Meyfour
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Daneshjoo Blv., Velenjak, Tehran 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Ardeshir Amirkhan
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Yunqi Wu
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Banihashem St., ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Banihashem St., ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran.,Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Ashrafi Esfahani, Tehran 1461968151, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javan
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Banihashem St., ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal AleAhmad, Tehran 14115-111, Iran
| | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Banihashem St., ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran.,Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
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10
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Jin B, Zhang P, Zou H, Ye H, Wang Y, Zhang J, Yang H, Pan J. Verification of EZH2 as a druggable target in metastatic uveal melanoma. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:52. [PMID: 32127003 PMCID: PMC7055080 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01173-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic metastasis develops in ~ 50% of uveal melanoma (UM) patients with no effective treatments. Although GNAQ/GNA11 mutations are believed to confer pathogenesis of UM, the underlying mechanism of liver metastasis remains poorly understood. Given that profound epigenetic evolution may occur in the long journey of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) to distant organs, we hypothesized that EZH2 endowed tumor cells with enhanced malignant features (e.g., stemness and motility) during hepatic metastasis in UM. We aimed to test this hypothesis and explore whether EZH2 was a therapeutic target for hepatic metastatic UM patients. METHODS Expression of EZH2 in UM was detected by qRT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry staining. Proliferation, apoptosis, cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) properties, migration and invasion were evaluated under circumstances of treatment with either EZH2 shRNA or EZH2 inhibitor GSK126. Antitumor activity and frequency of CSCs were determined by xenografted and PDX models with NOD/SCID mice. Hepatic metastasis was evaluated with NOG mice. RESULTS We found that EZH2 overexpressed in UM promoted the growth of UM; EZH2 increased the percentage and self-renewal of CSCs by miR-29c-DVL2-β-catenin signaling; EZH2 facilitates migration and invasion of UM cells via RhoGDIγ-Rac1 axis. Targeting EZH2 either by genetics or small molecule inhibitor GSK126 decreased CSCs and motility and abrogated the liver metastasis of UM. CONCLUSIONS These findings validate EZH2 as a druggable target in metastatic UM patients, and may shed light on the understanding and interfering the complicated metastatic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 South Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 South Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailin Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 South Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 South Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 South Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 South Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Huasheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 South Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingxuan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 South Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Huang W, Hu H, Zhang Q, Wu X, Wei F, Yang F, Gan L, Wang N, Yang X, Guo AY. Regulatory networks in mechanotransduction reveal key genes in promoting cancer cell stemness and proliferation. Oncogene 2019; 38:6818-6834. [PMID: 31406247 PMCID: PMC6988105 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0925-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-repopulating cells (TRCs) are cancer stem cell (CSC)-like cells with highly tumorigenic and self-renewing abilities, which were selected from tumor cells in soft three-dimensional (3D) fibrin gels with unidentified mechanisms. Here we evaluated the transcriptome alteration during TRCs generation in 3D culture and revealed that a variety of molecules related with integrin/membrane and stemness were continuously altered by mechanical environment. Some key regulators such as MYC/STAT3/hsa-miR-199a-5p, were changed in the TRCs generation. They regulated membrane genes and the downstream mechanotransduction pathways such as Hippo/WNT/TGF-β/PI3K-AKT pathways, thus further affecting the expression of downstream cancer-related genes. By integrating networks for membrane proteins, the WNT pathway and cancer-related genes, we identified key molecules in the selection of TRCs, such as ATF4, SLC3A2, CCT3, and hsa-miR-199a-5p. Silencing ATF4 or CCT3 inhibited the selection and growth of TRCs whereas reduction of SLC3A2 or hsa-miR-199a-5p promoted TRCs growth. Further studies showed that CCT3 promoted cell proliferation and stemness in vitro, while its suppression inhibited TRCs-induced tumor formation. We also contemplated CCT3 as a stemness-related gene. Our findings provide insights in the mechanism of TRCs selection through transcriptome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Hu
- Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Xian Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuxiang Wei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Lu Gan
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China.
| | - An-Yuan Guo
- Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China.
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12
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Wang J, Wang Q, Zhou F, Li J, Li Q, Zhou H, Li S, Ma S, Wen T. The antitumor effect of TAT-DCF1 peptide in glioma cells. Neuropeptides 2018; 71:21-31. [PMID: 30001801 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma is one of the most malignant brain cancer, thus, establishing an effective therapy is paramount. Our previous results indicate that dendritic cell-derived factor (DCF1) is an attractive candidate for therapy against Glioblastoma, since its overexpression in Glioblastoma U251 cells leads to apoptosis. However, the delivery approach limits its clinical application, in this paper, we expressed TAT-DCF1 fusion protein in E.coli in order to surmount its current delivery problems. METHODS The coding sequences of the different domains of DCF1 (full length, cytoplasmic, extracellular, 19-amino acid), together with the N-terminal transactivator of transcription (TAT) sequence, were amplified and subcloned into the bacterial expression vector pET30a(+) in order to produce (His)6-tagged fusion proteins. Coomassie blue-stained SDS-PAGE and Western blotting identification showed that purity of the fusion proteins. RESULTS Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry show that U251 cells were efficiently transduced with the fusion proteins. Cell viability, proliferation, and migration assays suggest that the complete TAT-DCF1 fusion protein significantly decreased U251 proliferation and migration. Flow cytometry further reveals that TAT-DCF1 triggered cellular apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, these findings suggest that the TAT-DCF1 fusion protein was efficiently transduced into Glioblastoma U251 cells and induced the antitumor effect and support further investigation into specific targeting and side effects of TAT-DCF1 during drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shang Da Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shang Da Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shang Da Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jie Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shang Da Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Qian Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shang Da Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shang Da Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Shiman Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shang Da Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Sujuan Ma
- Animal Cell Engineering & Technology Research Center of Gansu, Northwest University for Nationalities, No. 1 Xibeixincun, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Tieqiao Wen
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shang Da Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
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13
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Arif T, Krelin Y, Nakdimon I, Benharroch D, Paul A, Dadon-Klein D, Shoshan-Barmatz V. VDAC1 is a molecular target in glioblastoma, with its depletion leading to reprogrammed metabolism and reversed oncogenic properties. Neuro Oncol 2018; 19:951-964. [PMID: 28339833 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM), an aggressive brain tumor with frequent relapses and a high mortality, still awaits an effective treatment. Like many cancers, GBM cells acquire oncogenic properties, including metabolic reprogramming, vital for growth. As such, tumor metabolism is an emerging avenue for cancer therapy. One relevant target is the voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), a mitochondrial protein controlling cell energy and metabolic homeostasis. Methods We used VDAC1-specific short interfering (si)RNA (si-VDAC1) to treat GBM cell lines and subcutaneous or intracranial-orthotopic GBM xenograft mouse models. Tumors were monitored using MRI, immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time PCR, transcription factor expression, and DNA microarray analyses. Results Silencing VDAC1 expression using si-VDAC1 in 9 glioblastoma-related cell lines, including patient-derived cells, led to marked decreases in VDAC1 levels and cell growth. Using si-VDAC1 in subcutaneous or intracranial-orthotopic GBM models inhibited tumor growth and reversed oncogenic properties, such as reprogrammed metabolism, stemness, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and invasiveness. In cells in culture, si-VDAC1 inhibits cancer neurosphere formation and, in tumors, targeted cancer stem cells, leading to their differentiation into neuronal-like cells. These VDAC1 depletion-mediated effects involved alterations in transcription factors regulating signaling pathways associated with cancer hallmarks. Conclusion VDAC1 offers a target for GBM treatment, allowing for attacks on the interplay between metabolism and oncogenic signaling networks, leading to tumor cell differentiation into neuron- and astrocyte-like cells. Simultaneously attacking all of these processes, VDAC1 depletion overcame GBM heterogeneity and can replace several anticancer drugs that separately target angiogenesis, proliferation, or metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasleem Arif
- Department of Life Sciences, and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev,Beer-Sheva, Israel; Department of Pathology, Soroka University Medical Centre, and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Yakov Krelin
- Department of Life Sciences, and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev,Beer-Sheva, Israel; Department of Pathology, Soroka University Medical Centre, and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Itay Nakdimon
- Department of Life Sciences, and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev,Beer-Sheva, Israel; Department of Pathology, Soroka University Medical Centre, and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Daniel Benharroch
- Department of Life Sciences, and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev,Beer-Sheva, Israel; Department of Pathology, Soroka University Medical Centre, and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Avijit Paul
- Department of Life Sciences, and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev,Beer-Sheva, Israel; Department of Pathology, Soroka University Medical Centre, and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Daniela Dadon-Klein
- Department of Life Sciences, and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev,Beer-Sheva, Israel; Department of Pathology, Soroka University Medical Centre, and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Varda Shoshan-Barmatz
- Department of Life Sciences, and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev,Beer-Sheva, Israel; Department of Pathology, Soroka University Medical Centre, and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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14
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Yu ZH, Lun SM, He R, Tian HP, Huang HJ, Wang QS, Li XQ, Feng YM. Dual function of MAZ mediated by FOXF2 in basal-like breast cancer: Promotion of proliferation and suppression of progression. Cancer Lett 2017; 402:142-152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Bodofsky S, Koitz F, Wightman B. CONSERVED AND EXAPTED FUNCTIONS OF NUCLEAR RECEPTORS IN ANIMAL DEVELOPMENT. NUCLEAR RECEPTOR RESEARCH 2017; 4:101305. [PMID: 29333434 PMCID: PMC5761748 DOI: 10.11131/2017/101305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear receptor gene family includes 18 members that are broadly conserved among multiple disparate animal phyla, indicating that they trace their evolutionary origins to the time at which animal life arose. Typical nuclear receptors contain two major domains: a DNA-binding domain and a C-terminal domain that may bind a lipophilic hormone. Many of these nuclear receptors play varied roles in animal development, including coordination of life cycle events and cellular differentiation. The well-studied genetic model systems of Drosophila, C. elegans, and mouse permit an evaluation of the extent to which nuclear receptor function in development is conserved or exapted (repurposed) over animal evolution. While there are some specific examples of conserved functions and pathways, there are many clear examples of exaptation. Overall, the evolutionary theme of exaptation appears to be favored over strict functional conservation. Despite strong conservation of DNA-binding domain sequences and activity, the nuclear receptors prove to be highly-flexible regulators of animal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shari Bodofsky
- Biology Department, Muhlenberg College, 2400 Chew St., Allentown, PA 18104
| | - Francine Koitz
- Biology Department, Muhlenberg College, 2400 Chew St., Allentown, PA 18104
| | - Bruce Wightman
- Biology Department, Muhlenberg College, 2400 Chew St., Allentown, PA 18104
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16
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Struntz NB, Harki DA. Catch and Release DNA Decoys: Capture and Photochemical Dissociation of NF-κB Transcription Factors. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:1631-8. [PMID: 27054264 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Catch and release DNA decoys (CRDDs) are a new class of non-natural DNA probes that capture and dissociate from DNA-binding proteins using a light trigger. Photolytic cleavage of non-natural nucleobases in the CRDD yields abasic sites and truncation products that lower the affinity of the CRDD for its protein target. Herein, we demonstrate the ability of the first-generation CRDD to bind and release NF-κB proteins. This platform technology should be applicable to other DNA-binding proteins by modification of the target sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas B. Struntz
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Daniel A. Harki
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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17
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Groth JB, Kao SY, Briët MC, Stankovic KM. Hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 alpha in noise-induced cochlear neuropathy. Dev Neurobiol 2016; 76:1374-1386. [PMID: 27112738 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a problem of profound clinical significance and growing magnitude. Alarmingly, even moderate noise levels, previously assumed to cause only temporary shifts in auditory thresholds ("temporary" NIHL), are now known to cause cochlear synaptopathy and subsequent neuropathy. To uncover molecular mechanisms of this neuropathy, a network analysis of genes reported to have significantly altered expression after temporary threshold shift-inducing noise exposure was performed. The transcription factor Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor-4 alpha (HNF4α), which had not previously been studied in the context of cochlear response to noise, was identified as a hub of a top-ranking network. Hnf4α expression and localization using quantitative RT-PCR and in situ hybridization, respectively, were described in adolescent and adult mice exposed to neuropathic noise levels in adolescence. Isoforms α3 and α12 in the cochlea were also identified. At every age examined, Hnf4α mRNA expression in the cochlear apex was similar to expression in the base. Hnf4α expression was evident in select cochlear cells, including spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) and hair cells, and was significantly upregulated from 6 to 70 weeks of age, especially in SGNs. This age-related Hnf4α upregulation was inhibited by neuropathic noise exposure in adolescence. Hnf4α silencing with shRNA transfection into auditory neuroblast cells (VOT-33) reduced cell viability, as measured with the MTT assay, suggesting that Hnf4α may be involved in SGN survival. Our results motivate future studies of HNF4α in cochlear pathophysiology, especially because HNF4α mutations and polymorphisms are associated with human diseases that may include hearing loss. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 76: 1374-1386, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Bjerg Groth
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories and Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114.,Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shyan-Yuan Kao
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories and Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114
| | - Martijn C Briët
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories and Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Konstantina M Stankovic
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories and Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114.,Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115.,Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
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18
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Martins IJ. The Role of Clinical Proteomics, Lipidomics, and Genomics in the Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease. Proteomes 2016; 4:proteomes4020014. [PMID: 28248224 PMCID: PMC5217345 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes4020014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has become important to the reversal and treatment of neurodegeneration, which may be relevant to premature brain aging that is associated with chronic disease progression. Clinical proteomics allows the detection of various proteins in fluids such as the urine, plasma, and cerebrospinal fluid for the diagnosis of AD. Interest in lipidomics has accelerated with plasma testing for various lipid biomarkers that may with clinical proteomics provide a more reproducible diagnosis for early brain aging that is connected to other chronic diseases. The combination of proteomics with lipidomics may decrease the biological variability between studies and provide reproducible results that detect a community’s susceptibility to AD. The diagnosis of chronic disease associated with AD that now involves genomics may provide increased sensitivity to avoid inadvertent errors related to plasma versus cerebrospinal fluid testing by proteomics and lipidomics that identify new disease biomarkers in body fluids, cells, and tissues. The diagnosis of AD by various plasma biomarkers with clinical proteomics may now require the involvement of lipidomics and genomics to provide interpretation of proteomic results from various laboratories around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian James Martins
- School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup 6027, Australia.
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19
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MAZ mediates the cross-talk between CT-1 and NOTCH1 signaling during gliogenesis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21534. [PMID: 26867947 PMCID: PMC4751466 DOI: 10.1038/srep21534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons and glia cells are differentiated from neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs/NPCs) during brain development. Concomitant activation of JAK/STAT and NOTCH1 signaling is required for gliogenesis, a process to generate glia cells to ensure proper brain functions. NOTCH1 signaling is down-regulated during neurogenesis and up-regulated during gliogenesis. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. We report here that cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) activates NOTCH1 signaling through the up-regulation of ADAM10, a rate-limiting factor of NOTCH1 signaling activation. We found that a transcriptional factor, Myc-associated zinc finger protein (MAZ), plays an important role in ADAM10 transcription in response to CT-1 in NPCs. MAZ knockdown inhibits CT-1 stimulated gliogenesis and it can be rescued by over-expressing human NICD. Our results provide a link between NOTCH1 activation and neuronal secreted CT-1, suggesting that CT-1 plays an important role in ensuring the coordinated activation of NOTCH1 signaling during gliogenesis.
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20
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Wang W, Li J, Wang K, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Zhou G, Cao Y, Ye M, Zou H, Liu W. Induction of predominant tenogenic phenotype in human dermal fibroblasts via synergistic effect of TGF-β and elongated cell shape. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2015; 310:C357-72. [PMID: 26632599 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00300.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Micropattern topography is widely investigated for its role in mediating stem cell differentiation, but remains unexplored for phenotype switch between mature cell types. This study investigated the potential of inducing tenogenic phenotype in human dermal fibroblasts (hDFs) by artificial elongation of cultured cells. Our results showed that a parallel microgrooved topography could convert spread hDFs into an elongated shape and induce a predominant tenogenic phenotype as the expression of biomarkers was significantly enhanced, such as scleraxis, tenomodulin, collagens I, III, VI, and decorin. It also enhanced the expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, but not α-smooth muscle actin. Elongated hDFs failed to induce other phenotypes, such as adiopogenic, chondrogenic, neurogenic, and myogenic lineages. By contrast, no tenogenic phenotype could be induced in elongated human chondrocytes, although chondrogenic phenotype was inhibited. Exogenous TGF-β1 could enhance the tenogenic phenotype in elongated hDFs at low dose (2 ng/ml), but promoted myofibroblast transdifferentiation of hDFs at high dose (10 ng/ml), regardless of cell shape. Elongated shape also resulted in decreased RhoA activity and increased Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) activity. Antagonizing TGF-β or inhibiting ROCK activity with Y27632 or depolymerizing actin with cytochalasin D could all significantly inhibit tenogenic phenotype induction, particularly in elongated hDFs. In conclusion, elongation of cultured dermal fibroblasts can induce a predominant tenogenic phenotype likely via synergistic effect of TGF-β and cytoskeletal signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Keyun Wang
- National Chromatography R&A Centre, CAS Key Lab of Separation for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, Dalian, China; and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangdong Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilin Cao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingliang Ye
- National Chromatography R&A Centre, CAS Key Lab of Separation for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, Dalian, China; and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hanfa Zou
- National Chromatography R&A Centre, CAS Key Lab of Separation for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, Dalian, China; and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, China;
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21
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Piper J, Assi SA, Cauchy P, Ladroue C, Cockerill PN, Bonifer C, Ott S. Wellington-bootstrap: differential DNase-seq footprinting identifies cell-type determining transcription factors. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:1000. [PMID: 26608661 PMCID: PMC4658755 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-2081-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The analysis of differential gene expression is a fundamental tool to relate gene regulation with specific biological processes. Differential binding of transcription factors (TFs) can drive differential gene expression. While DNase-seq data can provide global snapshots of TF binding, tools for detecting differential binding from pairs of DNase-seq data sets are lacking. Results In order to link expression changes with changes in TF binding we introduce the concept of differential footprinting alongside a computational tool. We demonstrate that differential footprinting is associated with differential gene expression and can be used to define cell types by their specific TF occupancy patterns. Conclusions Our new tool, Wellington-bootstrap, will enable the detection of differential TF binding facilitating the study of gene regulatory systems. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-2081-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Piper
- Warwick Systems Biology Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.,Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Salam A Assi
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Pierre Cauchy
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Christophe Ladroue
- Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Peter N Cockerill
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Constanze Bonifer
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Sascha Ott
- Warwick Systems Biology Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
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22
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Feng Y, Wang J, Ling S, Li Z, Li M, Li Q, Ma Z, Yu S. Differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into neuronal cells on fetal bovine acellular dermal matrix as a tissue engineered nerve scaffold. Neural Regen Res 2015; 9:1968-78. [PMID: 25598779 PMCID: PMC4283279 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.145378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess fetal bovine acellular dermal matrix as a scaffold for supporting the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into neural cells following induction with neural differentiation medium. We performed long-term, continuous observation of cell morphology, growth, differentiation, and neuronal development using several microscopy techniques in conjunction with immunohistochemistry. We examined specific neuronal proteins and Nissl bodies involved in the differentiation process in order to determine the neuronal differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The results show that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells that differentiate on fetal bovine acellular dermal matrix display neuronal morphology with unipolar and bi/multipolar neurite elongations that express neuronal-specific proteins, including βIII tubulin. The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells grown on fetal bovine acellular dermal matrix and induced for long periods of time with neural differentiation medium differentiated into a multilayered neural network-like structure with long nerve fibers that was composed of several parallel microfibers and neuronal cells, forming a complete neural circuit with dendrite-dendrite to axon-dendrite to dendrite-axon synapses. In addition, growth cones with filopodia were observed using scanning electron microscopy. Paraffin sectioning showed differentiated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with the typical features of neuronal phenotype, such as a large, round nucleus and a cytoplasm full of Nissl bodies. The data suggest that the biological scaffold fetal bovine acellular dermal matrix is capable of supporting human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into functional neurons and the subsequent formation of tissue engineered nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Feng
- Animal Medicine College of Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China ; Gansu Provincial Animal Cell Engineering Center; Key Laboratory of Bioengineering & Technology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Systems Biology, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shixin Ling
- Gansu Provincial Animal Cell Engineering Center; Key Laboratory of Bioengineering & Technology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Gansu Provincial Animal Cell Engineering Center; Key Laboratory of Bioengineering & Technology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Mingsheng Li
- Gansu Provincial Animal Cell Engineering Center; Key Laboratory of Bioengineering & Technology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Qiongyi Li
- Gansu Provincial Animal Cell Engineering Center; Key Laboratory of Bioengineering & Technology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Zongren Ma
- Gansu Provincial Animal Cell Engineering Center; Key Laboratory of Bioengineering & Technology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Sijiu Yu
- Animal Medicine College of Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
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Bai Y, Zhang JB, Xue Y, Peng YL, Chen G, Fang MY. Differential expression ofCYB5Ain Chinese and European pig breeds due to genetic variations in the promoter region. Anim Genet 2014; 46:16-22. [DOI: 10.1111/age.12257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Bai
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding; MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding; College of Animal Science and Technology; China Agricultural University; Beijing 100193 China
- College of Agriculture; Hebei University of Engineering; Handan 056021 China
| | - J. B. Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding; MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding; College of Animal Science and Technology; China Agricultural University; Beijing 100193 China
| | - Y. Xue
- China Animal Disease Control Center; Beijing 100125 China
| | - Y. L. Peng
- Hunan Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine; Hunan 410131 China
| | - G. Chen
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS); Beijing 100081 China
| | - M. Y. Fang
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding; MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding; College of Animal Science and Technology; China Agricultural University; Beijing 100193 China
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24
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Wang J, Li X, Cheng H, Wang K, Lu W, Wen T. Overexpression of Rho-GDP-dissociation inhibitor-γ inhibits migration of neural stem cells. J Neurosci Res 2013; 91:1394-401. [PMID: 23996536 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem cell (NSC) migration relies heavily on the regulation of actin and microtubule cytoskeletons by Rho GTPases, which are critical regulators of key steps during NSC migration. However, the migration mechanism remains unclear. Rho-GDP-dissociation inhibitor-γ (Rho-GDIγ) was identified as an important downregulator of the Rho family of GTPases, because of its ability to prevent nucleotide exchange and thus membrane association. This study investigates the role of Rho-GDIγ in neural stem cells migration. Our results indicate that the overexpression of Rho-GDIγ maintains NSCs in the stem cell state, meanwhile preventing NSC migration through inhibition of Rac1 expression, one of the Rho-family GTPases. This study provides the basis for further study of the molecular mechanism of NSC migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, Institute of Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China; School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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