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Ma J, Xia M, Guo J, Li W, Sun S, Chen B. MEK/ERK signaling drives the transdifferentiation of supporting cells into functional hair cells by modulating the Notch pathway. Stem Cells Transl Med 2024; 13:661-677. [PMID: 38709826 PMCID: PMC11227976 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szae030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Loss of cochlear hair cells (HCs) leads to permanent hearing loss in mammals, and regenerative medicine is regarded as an ideal strategy for hearing recovery. Limited genetic and pharmaceutical approaches for HC regeneration have been established, and the existing strategies cannot achieve recovery of auditory function. A promising target to promote HC regeneration is MEK/ERK signaling because dynamic shifts in its activity during the critical stages of inner ear development have been observed. Here, we first showed that MEK/ERK signaling is activated specifically in supporting cells (SCs) after aminoglycoside-induced HC injury. We then selected 4 MEK/ERK signaling inhibitors, and PD0325901 (PD03) was found to induce the transdifferentiation of functional supernumerary HCs from SCs in the neonatal mammalian cochlear epithelium. We next found that PD03 facilitated the generation of HCs in inner ear organoids. Through genome-wide high-throughput RNA sequencing and verification, we found that the Notch pathway is the downstream target of MEK/ERK signaling. Importantly, delivery of PD03 into the inner ear induced mild HC regeneration in vivo. Our study thus reveals the importance of MEK/ERK signaling in cell fate determination and suggests that PD03 might serve as a new approach for HC regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoyao Ma
- Department of ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingyu Xia
- Department of ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Guo
- Department of ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shan Sun
- Department of ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Herb M. NADPH Oxidase 3: Beyond the Inner Ear. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:219. [PMID: 38397817 PMCID: PMC10886416 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were formerly known as mere byproducts of metabolism with damaging effects on cellular structures. The discovery and description of NADPH oxidases (Nox) as a whole enzyme family that only produce this harmful group of molecules was surprising. After intensive research, seven Nox isoforms were discovered, described and extensively studied. Among them, the NADPH oxidase 3 is the perhaps most underrated Nox isoform, since it was firstly discovered in the inner ear. This stigma of Nox3 as "being only expressed in the inner ear" was also used by me several times. Therefore, the question arose whether this sentence is still valid or even usable. To this end, this review solely focuses on Nox3 and summarizes its discovery, the structural components, the activating and regulating factors, the expression in cells, tissues and organs, as well as the beneficial and detrimental effects of Nox3-mediated ROS production on body functions. Furthermore, the involvement of Nox3-derived ROS in diseases progression and, accordingly, as a potential target for disease treatment, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Herb
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany;
- German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), 50931 Cologne, Germany
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3
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Liu YC, Xu K. Macrophage-related immune responses in inner ear: a potential therapeutic target for sensorineural hearing loss. Front Neurosci 2024; 17:1339134. [PMID: 38274500 PMCID: PMC10808290 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1339134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is the most common sensory disorder in human beings. Cochlear sensory cells are the basis of hearing. Cochlear sensory cells suffer from various acute or chronic injuries, such as excessive sound stimulation, ototoxic drugs, and age-related degeneration. In response to these stresses, the cochlea develops an immune response. In recent years, studies have shown that the immune response of the inner ear has been regarded as one of the important pathological mechanisms of inner ear injury. Therapeutic interventions for inflammatory responses can effectively alleviate different types of inner ear injury. As the main immune cells in the inner ear, macrophages are involved in the process of inner ear injury caused by various exogenous factors. However, its specific role in the immune response of the inner ear is still unclear. This review focuses on discusses the dynamic changes of macrophages during different types of inner ear injury, and clarifies the potential role of macrophage-related immune response in inner ear injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Liu
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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4
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Abou Assale T, Kuenzel T, Schink T, Shahraz A, Neumann H, Klaus C. 6'-sialyllactose ameliorates the ototoxic effects of the aminoglycoside antibiotic neomycin in susceptible mice. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1264060. [PMID: 38130726 PMCID: PMC10733791 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1264060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Sialic acids are terminal sugars of the cellular glycocalyx and are highly abundant in the nervous tissue. Sialylation is sensed by the innate immune system and acts as an inhibitory immune checkpoint. Aminoglycoside antibiotics such as neomycin have been shown to activate tissue macrophages and induce ototoxicity. In this study, we investigated the systemic subcutaneous application of the human milk oligosaccharide 6'-sialyllactose (6SL) as a potential therapy for neomycin-induced ototoxicity in postnatal mice. Repeated systemic treatment of mice with 6SL ameliorated neomycin-induced hearing loss and attenuated neomycin-triggered macrophage activation in the cochlear spiral ganglion. In addition, 6SL reversed the neomycin-mediated increase in gene transcription of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (Il-1b) and the apoptotic/inflammatory kinase Pik3cd in the inner ear. Interestingly, neomycin application also increased the transcription of desialylating enzyme neuraminidase 3 (Neu3) in the inner ear. In vitro, we confirmed that treatment with 6SL had anti-inflammatory, anti-phagocytic, and neuroprotective effects on cultured lipopolysaccharide-challenged human THP1-macrophages. Thus, our data demonstrated that treatment with 6SL has anti-inflammatory and protective effects against neomycin-mediated macrophage activation and ototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tawfik Abou Assale
- Neural Regeneration, Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Kuenzel
- Auditory Neurophysiology, Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tamara Schink
- Neural Regeneration, Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anahita Shahraz
- Neural Regeneration, Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Harald Neumann
- Neural Regeneration, Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christine Klaus
- Neural Regeneration, Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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5
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Zhang C, Ye M, Bush P, Hu BH. Heterogeneity in macrophages along the cochlear spiral in mice: insights from SEM and functional analyses. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1222074. [PMID: 37692550 PMCID: PMC10485373 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1222074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The susceptibility of sensory cells to pathological conditions differs between the apical and basal regions of the cochlea, and the cochlear immune system may contribute to this location-dependent variability. Our previous study found morphological differences in basilar membrane macrophages between the apical and basal regions of the cochlea. However, the details of this site-dependent difference and its underlying structural and biological basis are not fully understood. In this study, we utilized scanning electron microscopy to examine the ultrastructure of macrophages and their surrounding supporting structures. Additionally, we examined the phagocytic activities of macrophages and the expression of immune molecules in both apical and basal regions of the cochlea. We employed two mouse strains (C57BL/6J and B6.129P-Cx3cr1tm1Litt/J) and evaluated three experimental conditions: young normal (1-4 months), aging (11-19 months), and noise-induced damage (120 dB SPL for 1 h). Using scanning electron microscopy, we revealed location-specific differences in basilar membrane macrophage morphology and surface texture, architecture in mesothelial cell layers, and spatial correlation between macrophages and mesothelial cells in both young and older mice. Observations of macrophage phagocytic activities demonstrated that basal macrophages exhibited greater phagocytic activities in aging and noise-damaged ears. Furthermore, we identified differences in the expression of immune molecules between the apical and basal cochlear tissues of young mice. Finally, our study demonstrated that as the cochlea ages, macrophages in the apical and basal regions undergo a transformation in their morphologies, with apical macrophages acquiring certain basal macrophage features and vice versa. Overall, our findings demonstrate apical and basal differences in macrophage phenotypes and functionality, which are related to distinct immune and structural differences in the macrophage surrounding tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Zhang
- Department of Communicative Disorders and Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Department of Audiology, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Mengxiao Ye
- Department of Communicative Disorders and Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Peter Bush
- South Campus Instrument Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Bo Hua Hu
- Department of Communicative Disorders and Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
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Cheng C, Ma J, Lu X, Zhang P, Wang X, Guo L, Li P, Wei Y, Li GL, Gao X, Zhang Y, Chai R, Li H, Sun S. P2X7 receptor is required for the ototoxicity caused by aminoglycoside in developing cochlear hair cells. Neurobiol Dis 2023:106176. [PMID: 37263384 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGAs) are widely used in life-threatening infections, but they accumulate in cochlear hair cells (HCs) and result in hearing loss. Increases in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentrations and P2X7 receptor expression were observed after neomycin treatment. Here, we demonstrated that P2X7 receptor, which is a non-selective cation channel that is activated by high ATP concentrations, may participate in the process through which AGAs enter hair cells. Using transgenic knockout mice, we found that P2X7 receptor deficiency protects HCs against neomycin-induced injury in vitro and in vivo. Subsequently, we used fluorescent gentamicin-Fluor 594 to study the uptake of AGAs and found fluorescence labeling in wild-type mice but not in P2rx7-/- mice in vitro. In addition, knocking-out P2rx7 did not significantly alter the HC count and auditory signal transduction, but it did inhibit mitochondria-dependent oxidative stress and apoptosis in the cochlea after neomycin exposure. We thus conclude that the P2X7 receptor may be linked to the entry of AGAs into HCs and is likely to be a therapeutic target for auditory HC protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), No.321 Zhongshan Road,Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jiaoyao Ma
- ENT institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiaoling Lu
- ENT institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Luo Guo
- ENT institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Peifan Li
- ENT institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ying Wei
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Geng-Lin Li
- ENT institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), No.321 Zhongshan Road,Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yuqiu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Renjie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, 100069 Beijing, China.
| | - Huawei Li
- ENT institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Fudan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shan Sun
- ENT institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.
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7
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Identification and Characterization of TMEM119-Positive Cells in the Postnatal and Adult Murine Cochlea. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13030516. [PMID: 36979326 PMCID: PMC10046579 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13030516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane protein 119 (TMEM119) is expressed in a subset of resident macrophage cells of the brain and was proposed as a marker for native brain microglia. The presence of cells expressing TMEM119 in the cochlea has not yet been described. Thus, the present study aimed to characterize the TMEM119-expressing cells of the postnatal and adult cochlea, the latter also after noise exposure. Immunofluorescent staining of cochlear cryosections detected TMEM119 protein in the spiral limbus fibrocytes and the developing stria vascularis at postnatal Day 3. Applying the macrophage marker Iba1 revealed that TMEM119 is not a marker of cochlear macrophages or a subset of them. In the adult murine cochlea, TMEM119 expression was detected in the basal cells of the stria vascularis and the dark mesenchymal cells of the supralimbal zone. Exposure to noise trauma was not associated with a qualitative change in the types or distributions of the TMEM119-expressing cells of the adult cochlea. Western blot analysis indicated a similar TMEM119 protein expression level in the postnatal cochlea and brain tissues. The findings do not support using TMEM119 as a specific microglial or macrophage marker in the cochlea. The precise role of TMEM119 in the cochlea remains to be investigated through functional experiments. TMEM119 expression in the basal cells of the stria vascularis implies a possible role in the gap junction system of the blood–labyrinth barrier and merits further research.
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Perumal V, Ravula AR, Shao N, Chandra N. Effect of minocycline and its nano-formulation on central auditory system in blast-induced hearing loss rat model. J Otol 2023; 18:38-48. [PMID: 36820161 PMCID: PMC9937842 DOI: 10.1016/j.joto.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Blast injuries are common among the military service members and veterans. One of the devastating effects of blast wave induced TBI is either temporary or permanent hearing loss. Treating hearing loss using minocycline is restricted by optimal drug concentration, route of administration, and its half-life. Therefore, therapeutic approach using novel therapeutic delivery method is in great need. Among the different delivery methods, nanotechnology-based drug delivery is desirable, which can achieve longer systemic circulation, pass through some biological barriers and specifically targets desired sites. The current study aimed to examine therapeutic effect of minocycline and its nanoparticle formulation in moderate blast induced hearing loss rat model through central auditory system. The I.v. administered nanoparticle at reduced dose and frequency than regularly administered toxic dose. After moderate blast exposure, rats had hearing impairment as determined by ABR at 7- and 30-days post exposure. In chronic condition, free minocycline also showed the significant reduction in ABR threshold. In central auditory system, it is found in this study that minocycline nanoparticles ameliorate excitation in inferior colliculus; and astrocytes and microglia activation after the blast exposure is reduced by minocycline nanoparticles administration. The study demonstrated that in moderate blast induced hearing loss, minocycline and its nanoparticle formulation exhibited the optimal therapeutic effect on the recovery of the ABR impairment and a protective effect through central auditory system. In conclusion, targeted and non-targeted nanoparticle formulation have therapeutic effect on blast induced hearing loss.
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Key Words
- 5-HsT, 5-hydroxytryptamine
- ABR, auditory brainstem response
- AC, auditory cortex
- Blast injury and targeted drug delivery
- CAS, central auditory system
- DAI, (diffuse axonal injury)
- GABA, gamma-aminobutyric acid
- HL, (Hearing loss)
- Hearing loss
- Minocycline
- NMDAR1, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1
- Nanoparticle
- PAS, peripheral auditory system
- bTBI, blast traumatic brain injury
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Li P, Qian T, Sun S. Spatial architecture of the cochlear immune microenvironment in noise-induced and age-related sensorineural hearing loss. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 114:109488. [PMID: 36470117 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The cochlea encodes sound stimuli and transmits them to the central nervous system, and damage to sensory cells and synapses in the cochlea leads to hearing loss. The inner ear was previously considered to be an immune privileged organ to protect the auditory organ from reactions with the immune system. However, recent studies have revealed the presence of resident macrophages in the cochlea, especially in the spiral ligament, spiral ganglion, and stria vascularis. The tissue-resident macrophages are responsible for the detection, phagocytosis, and clearance of cellular debris and pathogens from the tissues, and they initiate inflammation and influence tissue repair by producing inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Insult to the cochlea can activate the cochlear macrophages to initiate immune responses. In this review, we describe the distribution and functions of cochlear macrophages in noise-induced hearing impairment and age-related hearing disabilities. We also focus on potential therapeutic interventions concerning hearing loss by modulating local immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifan Li
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Tingting Qian
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Shan Sun
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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10
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Warnecke A, Staecker H, Rohde E, Gimona M, Giesemann A, Szczepek AJ, Di Stadio A, Hochmair I, Lenarz T. Extracellular Vesicles in Inner Ear Therapies-Pathophysiological, Manufacturing, and Clinical Considerations. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11247455. [PMID: 36556073 PMCID: PMC9788356 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Sensorineural hearing loss is a common and debilitating condition. To date, comprehensive pharmacologic interventions are not available. The complex and diverse molecular pathology that underlies hearing loss may limit our ability to intervene with small molecules. The current review foccusses on the potential for the use of extracellular vesicles in neurotology. (2) Methods: Narrative literature review. (3) Results: Extracellular vesicles provide an opportunity to modulate a wide range of pathologic and physiologic pathways and can be manufactured under GMP conditions allowing for their application in the human inner ear. The role of inflammation in hearing loss with a focus on cochlear implantation is shown. How extracellular vesicles may provide a therapeutic option for complex inflammatory disorders of the inner ear is discussed. Additionally, manufacturing and regulatory issues that need to be addressed to develop EVs as advanced therapy medicinal product for use in the inner ear are outlined. (4) Conclusion: Given the complexities of inner ear injury, novel therapeutics such as extracellular vesicles could provide a means to modulate inflammation, stress pathways and apoptosis in the inner ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasia Warnecke
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence of the German Research Foundation (DFG; “Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft”) “Hearing4all”, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Hinrich Staecker
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Rainbow Blvd., Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Eva Rohde
- GMP Unit, Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Centre Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Transfer Centre for Extracellular Vesicle Theralytic Technologies (EV-TT), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital, Salzburger Landeskliniken GesmbH (SALK) Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Mario Gimona
- GMP Unit, Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Centre Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Transfer Centre for Extracellular Vesicle Theralytic Technologies (EV-TT), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Research Program “Nanovesicular Therapies”, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Anja Giesemann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Agnieszka J. Szczepek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zielona Gora, 65-046 Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Arianna Di Stadio
- Department GF Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Thomas Lenarz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence of the German Research Foundation (DFG; “Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft”) “Hearing4all”, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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11
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Li H, Oh SH, Shin HC, Suh MW. Intratympanic Administration of Dieckol Prevents Ototoxic Hearing Loss. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20100622. [PMID: 36286446 PMCID: PMC9604621 DOI: 10.3390/md20100622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systemic administration of dieckol reportedly ameliorates acute hearing loss. In this study, dieckol was delivered to the inner ear by the intratympanic route. The functional and anatomic effects and safety of dieckol were assessed using the rat ototoxicity model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dieckol in a high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid vehicle (dieckol+vehicle group) or vehicle without dieckol (vehicle-only group) were randomly delivered into 12 ears intratympanically. Ototoxic hearing loss was induced by intravenous administration of cisplatin, gentamicin, and furosemide. The hearing threshold and surviving outer hair cells (OHC) were enumerated. Biocompatibility was assessed by serial endoscopy of the tympanic membrane (TM), and the histology of the TM and the base of bulla (BB) mucosa was quantitatively assessed. RESULTS The hearing threshold was significantly better (difference of 20 dB SPL) in the dieckol+vehicle group than in the vehicle-only group. The number of surviving OHCs was significantly greater in the dieckol+vehicle group than in the vehicle-only group. There were no signs of inflammation or infection in the ear. The thickness of the TM and the BB mucosa did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSION Intratympanic local delivery of dieckol may be a safe and effective method to prevent ototoxic hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Seung Ha Oh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Hyeon-Cheol Shin
- Center for Molecular Intelligence, The State University of New York, Incheon 21985, Korea
| | - Myung-Whan Suh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2072-3649; Fax: +82-2-745-2387
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12
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The protective effects of systemic dexamethasone on sensory epithelial damage and hearing loss in targeted Cx26-null mice. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:545. [PMID: 35688810 PMCID: PMC9187686 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04987-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the GJB2 gene (encoding Connexin26(Cx26)) are the most common cause of hereditary deafness, accounting for about a quarter of all cases. Sensory epithelial damage is considered to be one of the main causes of deafness caused by GJB2 gene mutation. Dexamethasone (DEX) is widely used in the treatment of a variety of inner ear diseases including sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), and deafness caused by ototoxic drugs. Whether DEX has a direct therapeutic effect on hereditary deafness, especially GJB2-related deafness, remains unclear. In this study, we revealed that DEX can effectively prevent hair cell death caused by oxidative stress in cochlear explants. Additionally, two distinct Cx26-null mouse models were established to investigate whether systemic administration of DEX alleviate the cochlear sensory epithelial injury or deafness in these models. In a specific longitudinally Cx26-null model that does not cause deafness, systemic administration of DEX prevents the degeneration of outer hair cells (OHCs) induced by Cx26 knockout. Similarly, in a targeted-Deiter's cells (DCs) Cx26-null mouse model that causes deafness, treatment with DEX can almost completely prevent OHCs loss and alleviates auditory threshold shifts at some frequencies. Additionally, we observed that DEX inhibited the recruitment of CD45-positive cells in the targeted-DCs Cx26-null mice. Taken together, our results suggest that the protective effect of dexamethasone on cochlear sensory epithelial damage and partially rescue auditory function may be related to the regulation of inner ear immune response in Cx26 deficiency mouse models.
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13
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Wang M, Dong Y, Gao S, Zhong Z, Cheng C, Qiang R, Zhang Y, Shi X, Qian X, Gao X, Guan B, Yu C, Yu Y, Chai R. Hippo/YAP signaling pathway protects against neomycin-induced hair cell damage in the mouse cochlea. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:79. [PMID: 35044530 PMCID: PMC8770373 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04029-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe Hippo/Yes-associated protein (YAP) signaling pathway has been shown to be able to maintain organ size and homeostasis by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The abuse of aminoglycosides is one of the main causes of sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). However, the role of the Hippo/YAP signaling pathway in cochlear hair cell (HC) damage protection in the auditory field is still unclear. In this study, we used the YAP agonist XMU-MP-1 (XMU) and the inhibitor Verteporfin (VP) to regulate the Hippo/YAP signaling pathway in vitro. We showed that YAP overexpression reduced neomycin-induced HC loss, while downregulated YAP expression increased HC vulnerability after neomycin exposure in vitro. We next found that activation of YAP expression inhibited C-Abl-mediated cell apoptosis, which led to reduced HC loss. Many previous studies have reported that the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is significantly increased in cochlear HCs after neomycin exposure. In our study, we also found that YAP overexpression significantly decreased ROS accumulation, while downregulation of YAP expression increased ROS accumulation. In summary, our results demonstrate that the Hippo/YAP signaling pathway plays an important role in reducing HC injury and maintaining auditory function after aminoglycoside exposure. YAP overexpression could protect against neomycin-induced HC loss by inhibiting C-Abl-mediated cell apoptosis and decreasing ROS accumulation, suggesting that YAP could be a novel therapeutic target for aminoglycosides-induced sensorineural hearing loss in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maohua Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Hearing and Balance Medical Engineering Technology Center of Guangdong, Foshan, 528000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Ying Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ruiying Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yuhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Xinyi Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Xiaoyun Qian
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Bing Guan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
| | - Chenjie Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Youjun Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Hearing and Balance Medical Engineering Technology Center of Guangdong, Foshan, 528000, China.
| | - Renjie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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14
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Manohar S, Ding D, Jiang H, Li L, Chen GD, Kador P, Salvi R. Combined antioxidants and anti-inflammatory therapies fail to attenuate the early and late phases of cyclodextrin-induced cochlear damage and hearing loss. Hear Res 2021; 414:108409. [PMID: 34953289 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2021.108409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by aberrant cholesterol metabolism. The progression of the disease can be slowed by removing excess cholesterol with high-doses of 2-hyroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPβCD). Unfortunately, HPβCD causes hearing loss; the initial first phase involves a rapid destruction of outer hair cells (OHCs) while the second phase, occurring 4-6 weeks later, involves the destruction of inner hair cells (IHCs), pillar cells, collapse of the organ of Corti and spiral ganglion neuron degeneration. To determine whether the first and/or second phase of HPβCD-induced cochlear damage is linked, in part, to excess oxidative stress or neuroinflammation, rats were treated with a single-dose of 3000 mg/kg HPβCD alone or together with one of two combination therapies. Each combination therapy was administered from 2-days before to 6-weeks after the HPβCD treatment. Combination 1 consisted of minocycline, an antibiotic that suppresses neuroinflammation, and HK-2, a multifunctional redox modulator that suppresses oxidative stress. Combination 2 was comprised of minocycline plus N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), which upregulates glutathione, a potent antioxidant. To determine if either combination therapy could prevent HPβCD-induced hearing impairment and cochlear damage, distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) were measured to assess OHC function and the cochlear compound action potential (CAP) was measured to assess the function of IHCs and auditory nerve fibers. Cochleograms were prepared to quantify the amount of OHC, IHC and pillar cell (PC) loss. HPβCD significantly reduced DPOAE and CAP amplitudes and caused significant OHC, IHC and OPC losses with losses greater in the high-frequency base of the cochlea than the apex. Neither minocycline + HK-2 (MIN+ HK-2) nor minocycline + NAC (MIN+NAC) prevented the loss of DPOAEs, CAPs, OHCs, IHCs or IPCs caused by HPβCD. These results suggest that oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are unlikely to play major roles in mediating the first or second phase of HPβCD-induced cochlear damage. Thus, HPβCD-induced ototoxicity must be mediated by some other unknown cell-death pathway possibly involving loss of trophic support from damaged support cells or disrupted cholesterol metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senthilvelan Manohar
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Therapeutic Vision, Inc., Elkhorn, NE, 68022, USA
| | - Dalian Ding
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Therapeutic Vision, Inc., Elkhorn, NE, 68022, USA
| | - Haiyan Jiang
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Therapeutic Vision, Inc., Elkhorn, NE, 68022, USA
| | - Li Li
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Therapeutic Vision, Inc., Elkhorn, NE, 68022, USA
| | - Guang-Di Chen
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Therapeutic Vision, Inc., Elkhorn, NE, 68022, USA
| | - Peter Kador
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Therapeutic Vision, Inc., Elkhorn, NE, 68022, USA
| | - Richard Salvi
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Therapeutic Vision, Inc., Elkhorn, NE, 68022, USA.
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15
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Yu C, Gao HM, Wan G. Macrophages Are Dispensable for Postnatal Pruning of the Cochlear Ribbon Synapses. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:736120. [PMID: 34744631 PMCID: PMC8566810 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.736120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribbon synapses of cochlear hair cells undergo pruning and maturation before the hearing onset. In the central nervous system (CNS), synaptic pruning was mediated by microglia, the brain-resident macrophages, via activation of the complement system. Whether a similar mechanism regulates ribbon synapse pruning is currently unknown. In this study, we report that the densities of cochlear macrophages surrounding hair cells were highest at around P8, corresponding well to the completion of ribbon synaptic pruning by P8–P9. Surprisingly, using multiple genetic mouse models, we found that postnatal pruning of the ribbon synapses and auditory functions were unaffected by the knockout of the complement receptor 3 (CR3) or by ablations of macrophages expressing either LysM or Cx3cr1. Our results suggest that unlike microglia in the CNS, macrophages in the cochlea do not mediate pruning of the cochlear ribbon synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaorong Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School, Model Animal Research Center of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui-Ming Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School, Model Animal Research Center of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoqiang Wan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School, Model Animal Research Center of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, China
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16
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Zhang C, Frye MD, Riordan J, Sharma A, Manohar S, Salvi R, Sun W, Hu BH. Loss of CX3CR1 augments neutrophil infiltration into cochlear tissues after acoustic overstimulation. J Neurosci Res 2021; 99:2999-3020. [PMID: 34520571 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The cochlea, the sensory organ for hearing, has a protected immune environment, segregated from the systemic immune system by the blood-labyrinth barrier. Previous studies have revealed that acute acoustic injury causes the infiltration of circulating leukocytes into the cochlea. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling immune cell trafficking are poorly understood. Here, we report the role of CX3CR1 in regulating the entry of neutrophils into the cochlea after acoustic trauma. We employed B6.129P-Cx3cr1tm1Litt /J mice, a transgenic strain that lacks the gene, Cx3cr1, for coding the fractalkine receptor. Our results demonstrate that lack of Cx3cr1 results in the augmentation of neutrophil infiltration into cochlear tissues after exposure to an intense noise of 120 dB SPL for 1 hr. Neutrophil distribution in the cochlea is site specific, and the infiltration level is positively associated with noise intensity. Moreover, neutrophils are short lived and macrophage phagocytosis plays a role in neutrophil clearance, consistent with typical neutrophil dynamics in inflamed non-cochlear tissues. Importantly, our study reveals the potentiation of noise-induced hearing loss and sensory cell loss in Cx3cr1-/- mice. In wild-type control mice (Cx3cr1+/+ ) exposed to the same noise, we also found neutrophils. However, neutrophils were present primarily inside the microvessels of the cochlea, with only a few in the cochlear tissues. Collectively, our data implicate CX3CR1-mediated signaling in controlling neutrophil migration from the circulation into cochlear tissues and provide a better understanding of the impacts of neutrophils on cochlear responses to acoustic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Zhang
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.,Department of Audiology, School of Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mitchell D Frye
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Juliana Riordan
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Ashu Sharma
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Richard Salvi
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Wei Sun
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Bo Hua Hu
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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17
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Zhang Y, Li Y, Fu X, Wang P, Wang Q, Meng W, Wang T, Yang J, Chai R. The Detrimental and Beneficial Functions of Macrophages After Cochlear Injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:631904. [PMID: 34458249 PMCID: PMC8385413 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.631904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are the main intrinsic immune cells in the cochlea; they can be activated and play a complicated role after cochlear injury. Many studies have shown that the number of macrophages and their morphological characteristics within the major cochlear partitions undergo significant changes under various pathological conditions including acoustic trauma, ototoxic drug treatment, age-related cochlear degeneration, selective hair cell (HC) and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) elimination, and surgery. However, the exact role of these macrophages after cochlear injury is still unclear. Regulating the migration and activity of macrophages may be a therapeutic approach to reduce the risk or magnitude of trauma-induced hearing loss, and this review highlights the role of macrophages on the peripheral auditory structures of the cochlea and elucidate the mechanisms of macrophage injury and the strategies to reduce the injury by regulating macrophage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yiyuan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaolong Fu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengjun Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Meng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianming Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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18
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Stothert AR, Kaur T. Innate Immunity to Spiral Ganglion Neuron Loss: A Neuroprotective Role of Fractalkine Signaling in Injured Cochlea. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:694292. [PMID: 34408629 PMCID: PMC8365835 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.694292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune system dysregulation is increasingly being attributed to the development of a multitude of neurodegenerative diseases. This, in large part, is due to the delicate relationship that exists between neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS), and the resident immune cells that aid in homeostasis and immune surveillance within a tissue. Classically, the inner ear was thought to be immune privileged due to the presence of a blood-labyrinth barrier. However, it is now well-established that both vestibular and auditory end organs in the inner ear contain a resident (local) population of macrophages which are the phagocytic cells of the innate-immune system. Upon cochlear sterile injury or infection, there is robust activation of these resident macrophages and a predominant increase in the numbers of macrophages as well as other types of leukocytes. Despite this, the source, nature, fate, and functions of these immune cells during cochlear physiology and pathology remains unclear. Migration of local macrophages and infiltration of bone-marrow-derived peripheral blood macrophages into the damaged cochlea occur through various signaling cascades, mediated by the release of specific chemical signals from damaged sensory and non-sensory cells of the cochlea. One such signaling pathway is CX3CL1-CX3CR1, or fractalkine (FKN) signaling, a direct line of communication between macrophages and sensory inner hair cells (IHCs) and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) of the cochlea. Despite the known importance of this neuron-immune axis in CNS function and pathology, until recently it was not clear whether this signaling axis played a role in macrophage chemotaxis and SGN survival following cochlear injury. In this review, we will explore the importance of innate immunity in neurodegenerative disease development, specifically focusing on the regulation of the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis, and present evidence for a role of FKN signaling in cochlear neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Rigel Stothert
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Tejbeer Kaur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
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19
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Milinkeviciute G, Chokr SM, Castro EM, Cramer KS. CX3CR1 mutation alters synaptic and astrocytic protein expression, topographic gradients, and response latencies in the auditory brainstem. J Comp Neurol 2021; 529:3076-3097. [PMID: 33797066 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The precise and specialized circuitry in the auditory brainstem develops through adaptations of cellular and molecular signaling. We previously showed that elimination of microglia during development impairs synaptic pruning that leads to maturation of the calyx of Held, a large encapsulating synapse that terminates on neurons of the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB). Microglia depletion also led to a decrease in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a marker for mature astrocytes. Here, we investigated the role of signaling through the fractalkine receptor (CX3CR1), which is expressed by microglia and mediates communication with neurons. CX3CR1-/- and wild-type mice were studied before and after hearing onset and at 9 weeks of age. Levels of GFAP were significantly increased in the MNTB in mutants at 9 weeks. Pruning was unaffected at the calyx of Held, but we found an increase in expression of glycinergic synaptic marker in mutant mice at P14, suggesting an effect on maturation of inhibitory inputs. We observed disrupted tonotopic gradients of neuron and calyx size in MNTB in mutant mice. Auditory brainstem recording (ABR) revealed that CX3CR1-/- mice had normal thresholds and amplitudes but decreased latencies and interpeak latencies, particularly for the highest frequencies. These results demonstrate that disruption of fractalkine signaling has a significant effect on auditory brainstem development. Our findings highlight the importance of neuron-microglia-astrocyte communication in pruning of inhibitory synapses and establishment of tonotopic gradients early in postnatal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giedre Milinkeviciute
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Sima M Chokr
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Emily M Castro
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Karina S Cramer
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
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20
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Ríos JD, Hughes CK, Lally J, Wienandt N, Esquivel C, Serhan CN, Weitzel EK. Neuroprotectin D1 Attenuates Blast Overpressure Induced Reactive Microglial Cells in the Cochlea. Laryngoscope 2021; 131:E2018-E2025. [PMID: 33427310 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS We examined a neuroinflammatory response associated with glial activation in the cochlea exposed to blast overpressure and evaluated the potential therapeutic efficacy of specialized pro-resolving mediators such as neuroprotectin D1, NPD1; (10R, 17S-dihydroxy-4Z, 7Z, 11E, 13E, 15Z, 19Z-docosahexaenoic acid) in a rodent blast-induced auditory injury model. STUDY DESIGN Animal Research. METHODS A compressed-air driven shock tube was used to expose anesthetized adult male Long-Evan rats to shock waves simulating an open-field blast exposure. Approximately 30 minutes after blast exposure, rats were treated with NPD1 (100 ng/kg body wt.) or vehicle delivered intravenously via tail vein injection. Rats were then euthanized 48 hours after blast exposure. Unexposed rats were included as controls. Tissue sections containing both middle and inner ear were prepared with hematoxylin-eosin staining to elucidate histopathological changes associated with blast exposure. Cochlear tissues were evaluated for relative expression of ionized calcium-binding adaptor 1 (Iba1), as an indicator of microglial activation by immunohistochemistry and western blot analyses. RESULTS Our animal model resulted in an acute injury mechanism manifested by damage to the tympanic membrane, hemorrhage, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and increased expression of Iba1 protein. Moreover, therapeutic intervention with NPD1 significantly reduced Iba1 expression in the cochlea, suggesting a reduction of a neuroinflammatory response caused by blast overpressure. CONCLUSIONS Blast overpressure resulted in an increased expression of proteins involved in gliosis within the auditory system, which were reduced by NPD1. Treatment of NPD1 suggests an effective strategy to reduce or halt auditory microglial cell activation due to primary blast exposure. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 131:E2018-E2025, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- José David Ríos
- US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas, U.S.A
| | - Charlotte K Hughes
- US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas, U.S.A
| | - John Lally
- US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas, U.S.A
| | - Nathan Wienandt
- US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas, U.S.A
| | - Carlos Esquivel
- Department of Defense (DoD) Hearing Center of Excellence, Defense Health Agency, Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland, San Antonio, Texas, U.S.A
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Erik K Weitzel
- US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas, U.S.A.,Department of Defense (DoD) Hearing Center of Excellence, Defense Health Agency, Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland, San Antonio, Texas, U.S.A
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21
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Zhong Z, Fu X, Li H, Chen J, Wang M, Gao S, Zhang L, Cheng C, Zhang Y, Li P, Zhang S, Qian X, Shu Y, Chai R, Gao X. Citicoline Protects Auditory Hair Cells Against Neomycin-Induced Damage. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:712. [PMID: 32984303 PMCID: PMC7487320 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminoglycoside-induced hair cell (HC) loss is one of the most important causes of hearing loss. After entering the inner ear, aminoglycosides induce the production of high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that subsequently activate apoptosis in HCs. Citicoline, a nucleoside derivative, plays a therapeutic role in central nervous system injury and in neurodegenerative disease models, including addictive disorders, stroke, head trauma, and cognitive impairment in the elderly, and has been widely used in the clinic as an FDA approved drug. However, its effect on auditory HCs remains unknown. Here, we used HC-like HEI-OC-1 cells and whole organ explant cultured mouse cochleae to explore the effect of citicoline on aminoglycoside-induced HC damage. Consistent with previous reports, both ROS levels and apoptosis were significantly increased in neomycin-induced cochlear HCs and HEI-OC-1 cells compared to undamaged controls. Interestingly, we found that co-treatment with citicoline significantly protected against neomycin-induced HC loss in both HEI-OC-1 cells and whole organ explant cultured cochleae. Furthermore, we demonstrated that citicoline could significantly reduce neomycin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibit neomycin-induced ROS accumulation and subsequent apoptosis. Thus, we conclude that citicoline can protect against neomycin-induced HC loss by inhibiting ROS aggregation and thus preventing apoptosis in HCs, and this suggests that citicoline might serve as a potential therapeutic drug in the clinic to protect HCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Zhong
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Fu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - He Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Maohua Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Liyan Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peipei Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shasha Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyun Qian
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yilai Shu
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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22
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Rousset F, Nacher-Soler G, Coelho M, Ilmjarv S, Kokje VBC, Marteyn A, Cambet Y, Perny M, Roccio M, Jaquet V, Senn P, Krause KH. Redox activation of excitatory pathways in auditory neurons as mechanism of age-related hearing loss. Redox Biol 2020; 30:101434. [PMID: 32000019 PMCID: PMC7016250 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related hearing (ARHL) loss affects a large part of the human population with a major impact on our aging societies. Yet, underlying mechanisms are not understood, and no validated therapy or prevention exists. NADPH oxidases (NOX), are important sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cochlea and might therefore be involved in the pathogenesis of ARHL. Here we investigate ARHL in a mouse model. Wild type mice showed early loss of hearing and cochlear integrity, while animals deficient in the NOX subunit p22phox remained unaffected up to six months. Genes of the excitatory pathway were down-regulated in p22phox-deficient auditory neurons. Our results demonstrate that NOX activity leads to upregulation of genes of the excitatory pathway, to excitotoxic cochlear damage, and ultimately to ARHL. In the absence of functional NOXs, aging mice conserve hearing and cochlear morphology. Our study offers new insights into pathomechanisms and future therapeutic targets of ARHL. Mice devoid of NADPH oxidase (NOX) activity are protected from age-related hearing loss. Cochlear NOX expression shows a similar pattern in mouse and human. NOX3, the predominant NOX isoform in the cochlea, is mostly expressed in auditory neurons. NOX-deficient auditory neurons show decreased transcription of glutamatergic pathway and are protected from excitotoxicity. NOX-mediated gene regulation within auditory neurons contributes to age-related hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Rousset
- Hearing and Olfaction Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - German Nacher-Soler
- Hearing and Olfaction Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marta Coelho
- Hearing and Olfaction Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sten Ilmjarv
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vivianne Beatrix Christina Kokje
- Hearing and Olfaction Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Antoine Marteyn
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yves Cambet
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland; READS Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michael Perny
- Department of Biomedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Switzerland; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Inselspital Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marta Roccio
- Department of Biomedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Switzerland; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Inselspital Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Jaquet
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland; READS Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Senn
- Hearing and Olfaction Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Service of ORL & Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Karl Heinz Krause
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
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23
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The TLR-4/NF-κB signaling pathway activation in cochlear inflammation of rats with noise-induced hearing loss. Hear Res 2019; 379:59-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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24
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Duinkerken CW, Rohaan MW, de Weger VA, Lohuis PJFM, Latenstein MN, Theunissen EAR, Balm AJM, Dreschler WA, Haanen JBAG, Zuur CL. Sensorineural Hearing Loss After Adoptive Cell Immunotherapy for Melanoma Using MART-1 Specific T Cells: A Case Report and Its Pathophysiology. Otol Neurotol 2019; 40:e674-e678. [PMID: 31295198 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000002332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To illustrate a case of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) after immunotherapy based on T cell receptor (TCR) gene therapy using modified T cells recognizing melanoma antigen recognized by T cells 1 for disseminated melanoma. PATIENT We present a 59-year-old woman with profound subacute bilateral SNHL including unilateral deafness after immunotherapy based on TCR gene therapy using modified T cells recognizing melanoma antigen recognized by T cells 1 for disseminated melanoma. Ten days after treatment, the patient developed hearing loss of 57 dB hearing loss air conduction at pure-tone average 0.5-1-2-4 kHz in the right ear, and >100 dB hearing loss air conduction at pure-tone average 0.5-1-2-4 in the left ear. The right ear recovered partially, while the left ear remained deaf, despite oral prednisolone (1.0 mg/kg) and salvage treatment with three transtympanic injections of 0.5 ml dexamethasone (4.0 mg/ml). CONCLUSION Based on our presented case and a vast amount of literature there is circumstantial evidence that TCR gene therapy for melanoma targets the perivascular macrophage-like melanocytes in the stria vascularis, resulting in SNHL. We suggest that SNHL after TCR gene therapy may be caused by a disruption of the blood-labyrinth-barrier and the endolymphatic potential and/or a sterile inflammation of the stria vascularis. In severe cases like our subject, we posit that endolymphatic hydrops or hair cell loss may cause irreversible and asymmetrical deafness. Steroid prophylaxis via transtympanic application is debatable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vincent A de Weger
- Division of Pharmacology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter J F M Lohuis
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery
| | | | | | - Alfons J M Balm
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery
| | - Wouter A Dreschler
- Department of Audiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Charlotte L Zuur
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery
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25
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Camacho-Hernández NP, Lorea-Hernández JJ, Peña-Ortega F. Microglial modulators reduce respiratory rhythm long-term facilitation in vitro. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2019; 265:9-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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26
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Zou J. Autoinflammatory characteristics and short-term effects of delivering high-dose steroids to the surface of the intact endolymphatic sac and incus in refractory Ménière's disease. J Otol 2019; 14:40-50. [PMID: 31223300 PMCID: PMC6570643 DOI: 10.1016/j.joto.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate immune-related genetic background in intractable Meniere’s disease (MD) and the immediate results of a novel therapy by delivering steroids to the surface of the intact endolymphatic sac (ES) and incus in a sustainable manner. Case report and methods Candidate genes involved in immune regulation were sequenced using a next-generation sequencing method in a patient with intractable MD. Mutations were confirmed using the Sanger sequencing method. The ES was exposed, and gelatin sponge particles were immersed in high-dose methylprednisolone solution and placed onto the surface of ES. “L”-shaped gelatin sponge strips were immersed in dexamethasone solution and served as a guiding device for the steroids by touching the incus and gelatin sponge particles on the surface of the ES. Gelatin sponge particles immersed in dexamethasone solution were placed around the gelatin sponge strips and sealed using fibrin glue. Results Autoinflammation in the refractory MD case was indicated by genotype, including novel heterozygous mutations of PRF1, UNC13D, SLC29A3, ITCH, and JAK3, as well as phenotype. The vertigo was fully relieved immediately after operation. Tinnitus and aural fullness were resolved 3 weeks after operation, whereas hearing improved in 2 mon postoperation. No recurrence was noted during the 5-monfollow-up, and the final MRI supported the novel therapeutic hypothesis. Conclusion Autoinflammation was involved in a refractory MD. This novel therapy, which involves the delivery of steroids to the surface of the intact ES and incus, is effective in relieving vertigo and tinnitus and improves hearing function of refractory MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Center for Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery of Chinese PLA, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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27
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Lower ototoxicity and absence of hidden hearing loss point to gentamicin C1a and apramycin as promising antibiotics for clinical use. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2410. [PMID: 30787404 PMCID: PMC6382871 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38634-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Spread of antimicrobial resistance and shortage of novel antibiotics have led to an urgent need for new antibacterials. Although aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGs) are very potent anti-infectives, their use is largely restricted due to serious side-effects, mainly nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. We evaluated the ototoxicity of various AGs selected from a larger set of AGs on the basis of their strong antibacterial activities against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of the ESKAPE panel: gentamicin, gentamicin C1a, apramycin, paromomycin and neomycin. Following local round window application, dose-dependent effects of AGs on outer hair cell survival and compound action potentials showed gentamicin C1a and apramycin as the least toxic. Strikingly, although no changes were observed in compound action potential thresholds and outer hair cell survival following treatment with low concentrations of neomycin, gentamicin and paromomycin, the number of inner hair cell synaptic ribbons and the compound action potential amplitudes were reduced. This indication of hidden hearing loss was not observed with gentamicin C1a or apramycin at such concentrations. These findings identify the inner hair cells as the most vulnerable element to AG treatment, indicating that gentamicin C1a and apramycin are promising bases for the development of clinically useful antibiotics.
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28
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Postnatal Development of Microglia-Like Cells in Mouse Cochlea. Neural Plast 2018; 2018:1970150. [PMID: 30154835 PMCID: PMC6091412 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1970150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglial cells are involved in surveillance and cleaning of the central nervous system. Recently, microglial-like cells (MLC) have been found in an adult cochlea and investigated for their role in cochlear inflammation. The presence and potential roles of MLCs during the development of the cochlea, however, remain unclear. In this study, immunostaining was performed using the MLC-specific marker IBA1 to characterize the presence, distribution, and morphology of MLCs in the developing cochlea. From P0 to P14, MLCs were present in a variety of cochlear regions including the modiolus, spiral lamina, spiral ganglion, spiral ligament, and the organ of Corti. Interestingly, the overall number of MLCs in a mouse cochlea steadily increased since P0, peaks at P5, then gradually decreased from P5 to P14. In the spiral ligament, the distribution of the MLCs trends to shift from the type I/II fibrocyte-rich regions to the type III/IV fibrocyte-rich regions during the course of cochlear development, accompanied by the morphological changes of MLCs from the amoeboid, activated form to the ramified, quiescent form. Our results suggested that MLCs experience drastic morphological and distributional changes during postnatal cochlear development, which may play a role in the maturing and remodeling of the cochlea.
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29
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N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors Involvement in the Gentamicin-Induced Hearing Loss and Pathological Changes of Ribbon Synapse in the Mouse Cochlear Inner Hair Cells. Neural Plast 2018; 2018:3989201. [PMID: 30123246 PMCID: PMC6079453 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3989201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cochlear inner hair cell (IHC) ribbon synapses play an important role in sound encoding and neurotransmitter release. Previous reports show that both noise and aminoglycoside exposures lead to reduced numbers and morphologic changes of synaptic ribbons. In this work, we determined the distribution of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) and their role in the gentamicin-induced pathological changes of cochlear IHC ribbon synaptic elements. In normal mature mouse cochleae, the majority of NMDARs were distributed on the modiolar side of IHCs and close to the IHC nuclei region, while most of synaptic ribbons and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) were located on neural terminals closer to the IHC basal poles. After gentamicin exposure, the NMDARs increased and moved towards the IHC basal poles. At the same time, synaptic ribbons and AMPARs moved toward the IHC bundle poles on the afferent dendrites. The number of ribbon synapse decreased, and this was accompanied by increased auditory brainstem response thresholds and reduced wave I amplitudes. NMDAR antagonist MK801 treatment reduced the gentamicin-induced hearing loss and the pathological changes of IHC ribbon synapse, suggesting that NMDARs were involved in gentamicin-induced ototoxicity by regulating the number and distribution of IHC ribbon synapses.
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30
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The Role of Autoimmunity in the Pathogenesis of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Neural Plast 2018; 2018:7691473. [PMID: 30008743 PMCID: PMC6020465 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7691473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) is a clinically common acute symptom in otolaryngology. Although the incidence of SSHL has increased around the world in recent years, the etiology of the disease is still unclear. It has been reported that infections, ototoxic drugs, membrane labyrinth rupture, carcinomas, circulatory system diseases, autoimmune diseases, brain lesions, mental diseases, congenital or inherited diseases, and so on, are all risk factors for SSHL. Here, we discuss the autoimmune mechanisms behind SSHL, which might be induced by type II–IV allergic reactions. We also introduce the main immunosuppressive medications that have been used to treat SSHL, which will help us to identify potential targets for immune therapy.
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31
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Guan M, Fang Q, He Z, Li Y, Qian F, Qian X, Lu L, Zhang X, Liu D, Qi J, Zhang S, Tang M, Gao X, Chai R. Inhibition of ARC decreases the survival of HEI-OC-1 cells after neomycin damage in vitro. Oncotarget 2018; 7:66647-66659. [PMID: 27556499 PMCID: PMC5341827 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is a common sensory disorder mainly caused by the loss of hair cells (HCs). Noise, aging, and ototoxic drugs can all induce apoptosis in HCs. Apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain(ARC) is a key factor in apoptosis that inhibits both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways; however, there have been no reports on the role of ARC in HC loss in the inner ear. In this study, we used House Ear Institute Organ of Corti 1 (HEI-OC-1) cells, which is a cochlear hair-cell-like cell line, to investigate the role of ARC in aminoglycoside-induced HC loss. ARC was expressed in the cochlear HCs as well as in the HEI-OC-1 cells, but not in the supporting cells, and the expression level of ARC in HCs was decreased after neomycin injury in both cochlear HCs and HEI-OC-1 cells, suggesting that reduced levels of ARC might correlate with neomycin-induced HC loss. We inhibited ARC expression using siRNA and found that this significantly increased the sensitivity of HEI-OC-1 cells to neomycin toxicity. Finally, we found that ARC inhibition increased the expression of pro-apoptotic factors, decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after neomycin injury, suggesting that ARC inhibits cell death and apoptosis in HEI-OC-1 cells by controlling mitochondrial function and ROS accumulation. Thus the endogenous anti-apoptotic factor ARC might be a new therapeutic target for the prevention of aminoglycoside-induced HC loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Guan
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310006, China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Qiaojun Fang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Zuhong He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Fuping Qian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xiaoyun Qian
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Dingding Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jieyu Qi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Shasha Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Mingliang Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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32
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Yu X, Fan Z, Han Y, Zhang D, Xu L, Wang M, Yang Q, Li H, Zhou M, Zhang L, Sun G, Bai X, Li J, Wang H. Paeoniflorin reduces neomycin-induced ototoxicity in hair cells by suppression of reactive oxygen species generation and extracellularly regulated kinase signalization. Toxicol Lett 2017; 285:9-19. [PMID: 29292089 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the effect of paeoniflorin (PF) on neomycin-induced ototoxicity in hair cells (HCs). Here, we took advantage of C57BL/6 mice and cochlear explants culture to determine the role of PF in vivo and in vitro. We demonstrated that neomycin exposure induced severe hearing loss and HC damage, which was mediated by activated mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, promoted extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling as well as enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in HCs. Interestingly, we found that PF pretreatment significantly alleviated neomycin-induced hearing loss, attenuated HC injury and decreased HC apoptosis caused by neomycin. Mechanistic studies revealed that PF could decrease cellular ROS levels, suppress the activation of ERK signaling and, subsequently, mitigate the imbalance of mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, thus protecting HCs from neomycin-induced apoptosis. This study indicates that PF may serve as an antioxidative and anti-apoptotic agent to prevent hearing loss caused by neomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yu
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, China; Shandong Institute of Otolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaomin Fan
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, China; Shandong Institute of Otolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Yuechen Han
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Daogong Zhang
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mingming Wang
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qianqian Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, China; Shandong Institute of Otolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Hongrui Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, China; Shandong Institute of Otolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Meijuan Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, China; Shandong Institute of Otolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, China; Shandong Institute of Otolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Gaoying Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, China; Shandong Institute of Otolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaohui Bai
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, China; Shandong Institute of Otolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, China; Shandong Institute of Otolaryngology, Jinan, China.
| | - Haibo Wang
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, China; Shandong Institute of Otolaryngology, Jinan, China.
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33
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Francis SP, Cunningham LL. Non-autonomous Cellular Responses to Ototoxic Drug-Induced Stress and Death. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:252. [PMID: 28878625 PMCID: PMC5572385 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The first major recognition of drug-induced hearing loss can be traced back more than seven decades to the development of streptomycin as an antimicrobial agent. Since then at least 130 therapeutic drugs have been recognized as having ototoxic side-effects. Two important classes of ototoxic drugs are the aminoglycoside antibiotics and the platinum-based antineoplastic agents. These drugs save the lives of millions of people worldwide, but they also cause irreparable hearing loss. In the inner ear, sensory hair cells (HCs) and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) are important cellular targets of these drugs, and most mechanistic studies have focused on the cell-autonomous responses of these cell types in response to ototoxic stress. Despite several decades of studies on ototoxicity, important unanswered questions remain, including the cellular and molecular mechanisms that determine whether HCs and SGNs will live or die when confronted with ototoxic challenge. Emerging evidence indicates that other cell types in the inner ear can act as mediators of survival or death of sensory cells and SGNs. For example, glia-like supporting cells (SCs) can promote survival of both HCs and SGNs. Alternatively, SCs can act to promote HC death and inhibit neural fiber expansion. Similarly, tissue resident macrophages activate either pro-survival or pro-death signaling that can influence HC survival after exposure to ototoxic agents. Together these data indicate that autonomous responses that occur within a stressed HC or SGN are not the only (and possibly not the primary) determinants of whether the stressed cell ultimately lives or dies. Instead non-cell-autonomous responses are emerging as significant determinants of HC and SGN survival vs. death in the face of ototoxic stress. The goal of this review is to summarize the current evidence on non-cell-autonomous responses to ototoxic stress and to discuss ways in which this knowledge may advance the development of therapies to reduce hearing loss caused by these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimon P Francis
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lisa L Cunningham
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD, United States
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34
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Wise AK, Pujol R, Landry TG, Fallon JB, Shepherd RK. Structural and Ultrastructural Changes to Type I Spiral Ganglion Neurons and Schwann Cells in the Deafened Guinea Pig Cochlea. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2017; 18:751-769. [PMID: 28717876 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-017-0631-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss is commonly caused by damage to cochlear sensory hair cells. Coinciding with hair cell degeneration, the peripheral fibres of type I spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) that normally form synaptic connections with the inner hair cell gradually degenerate. We examined the time course of these degenerative changes in type I SGNs and their satellite Schwann cells at the ultrastructural level in guinea pigs at 2, 6, and 12 weeks following aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss. Degeneration of the peripheral fibres occurred prior to the degeneration of the type I SGN soma and was characterised by shrinkage of the fibre followed by retraction of the axoplasm, often leaving a normal myelin lumen devoid of axoplasmic content. A statistically significant reduction in the cross-sectional area of peripheral fibres was evident as early as 2 weeks following deafening (p < 0.001, ANOVA). This was followed by a decrease in type I SGN density within Rosenthal's canal that was statistically significant 6 weeks following deafening (p < 0.001, ANOVA). At any time point examined, few type I SGN soma were observed undergoing degeneration, implying that once initiated, soma degeneration was rapid. While there was a significant reduction in soma area as well as changes to the morphology of the soma, the ultrastructure of surviving type I SGN soma appeared relatively normal over the 12-week period following deafening. Satellite Schwann cells exhibited greater survival traits than their type I SGN; however, on loss of neural contact, they reverted to a non-myelinating phenotype, exhibiting an astrocyte-like morphology with the formation of processes that appeared to be searching for new neural targets. In 6- and 12-week deafened cochlea, we observed cellular interaction between Schwann cell processes and residual SGNs that distorted the morphology of the SGN soma. Understanding the response of SGNs, Schwann cells, and the complex relationship between them following aminoglycoside deafening is important if we are to develop effective therapeutic techniques designed to rescue SGNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew K Wise
- The Bionics Institute, 384-388 Albert Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002, Australia.
- Department of Medical Bionics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Remy Pujol
- The Bionics Institute, 384-388 Albert Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002, Australia
- INSERM Unit 1051, INM, Montpellier, France
| | - Thomas G Landry
- The Bionics Institute, 384-388 Albert Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002, Australia
| | - James B Fallon
- The Bionics Institute, 384-388 Albert Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002, Australia
- Department of Medical Bionics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robert K Shepherd
- The Bionics Institute, 384-388 Albert Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002, Australia
- Department of Medical Bionics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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35
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Wood MB, Zuo J. The Contribution of Immune Infiltrates to Ototoxicity and Cochlear Hair Cell Loss. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:106. [PMID: 28446866 PMCID: PMC5388681 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells of the immune system have been shown to infiltrate the cochlea after acoustic trauma or ototoxic drug treatment; however, the contribution of the immune system to hair cell loss in the inner ear is incompletely understood. Most studies have concentrated on the immediate innate response to hair cell damage using CD45 as a broad marker for all immune cells. More recent studies have used RNA sequencing, GeneChip arrays and quantitative PCR to analyze gene expression in the entire cochlea after auditory trauma, leading to a better understanding of the chemokines and cytokines that attract immune cells to the cochlea. Immune suppression by blocking cytokines or immune receptors has been proven to suppress hair cell damage. However, it is now understood that not all immune cells are detrimental to the cochlea. CX3CR1+ resident macrophages protect hair cells from damage mediated by infiltrating immune cells. Systemically, the immune response is associated with both protection and pathology, and it has been implicated in the regeneration of certain tissues after injury. This review focuses on the studies of immune cells in various models of hearing loss and highlights the steps that can be taken to elucidate the connection between the immune response and hearing loss. The interplay between the immune system and tissues that were previously thought to be immune privileged, such as the cochlea, is an emerging research field, to which additional studies of the immune component of the cochlear response to injury will make an important contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan B Wood
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphis, TN, USA
| | - Jian Zuo
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphis, TN, USA
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36
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Fuentes-Santamaría V, Alvarado JC, Melgar-Rojas P, Gabaldón-Ull MC, Miller JM, Juiz JM. The Role of Glia in the Peripheral and Central Auditory System Following Noise Overexposure: Contribution of TNF-α and IL-1β to the Pathogenesis of Hearing Loss. Front Neuroanat 2017; 11:9. [PMID: 28280462 PMCID: PMC5322242 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2017.00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Repeated noise exposure induces inflammation and cellular adaptations in the peripheral and central auditory system resulting in pathophysiology of hearing loss. In this study, we analyzed the mechanisms by which noise-induced inflammatory-related events in the cochlea activate glial-mediated cellular responses in the cochlear nucleus (CN), the first relay station of the auditory pathway. The auditory function, glial activation, modifications in gene expression and protein levels of inflammatory mediators and ultrastructural changes in glial-neuronal interactions were assessed in rats exposed to broadband noise (0.5-32 kHz, 118 dB SPL) for 4 h/day during 4 consecutive days to induce long-lasting hearing damage. Noise-exposed rats developed a permanent threshold shift which was associated with hair cell loss and reactive glia. Noise-induced microglial activation peaked in the cochlea between 1 and 10D post-lesion; their activation in the CN was more prolonged reaching maximum levels at 30D post-exposure. RT-PCR analyses of inflammatory-related genes expression in the cochlea demonstrated significant increases in the mRNA expression levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, inducible nitric oxide synthase, intercellular adhesion molecule and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 at 1 and 10D post-exposure. In noise-exposed cochleae, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were upregulated by reactive microglia, fibrocytes, and neurons at all time points examined. In the CN, however, neurons were the sole source of these cytokines. These observations suggest that noise exposure causes peripheral and central inflammatory reactions in which TNF-α and IL-1β are implicated in regulating the initiation and progression of noise-induced hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Fuentes-Santamaría
- Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades NeurológicasAlbacete, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La ManchaAlbacete, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Alvarado
- Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades NeurológicasAlbacete, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La ManchaAlbacete, Spain
| | - Pedro Melgar-Rojas
- Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades NeurológicasAlbacete, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La ManchaAlbacete, Spain
| | - María C Gabaldón-Ull
- Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades NeurológicasAlbacete, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La ManchaAlbacete, Spain
| | - Josef M Miller
- Center for Hearing and Communication Research and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska InstitutetStockholm, Sweden; Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI, USA
| | - José M Juiz
- Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades NeurológicasAlbacete, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La ManchaAlbacete, Spain
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37
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Zhang J, Song YL, Tian KY, Qiu JH. Minocycline attenuates noise-induced hearing loss in rats. Neurosci Lett 2017; 639:31-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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38
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Feng H, Pyykkö I, Zou J. Involvement of Ubiquitin-Editing Protein A20 in Modulating Inflammation in Rat Cochlea Associated with Silver Nanoparticle-Induced CD68 Upregulation and TLR4 Activation. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2016; 11:240. [PMID: 27142878 PMCID: PMC4854861 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1430-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were shown to temporarily impair the biological barriers in the skin of the external ear canal, mucosa of the middle ear, and inner ear, causing partially reversible hearing loss after delivery into the middle ear. The current study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism, emphasizing the TLR signaling pathways in association with the potential recruitment of macrophages in the cochlea and the modulation of inflammation by ubiquitin-editing protein A20. Molecules potentially involved in these signaling pathways were thoroughly analysed using immunohistochemistry in the rat cochlea exposed to AgNPs at various concentrations through intratympanic injection. The results showed that 0.4 % AgNPs but not 0.02 % AgNPs upregulated the expressions of CD68, TLR4, MCP1, A20, and RNF11 in the strial basal cells, spiral ligament fibrocytes, and non-sensory supporting cells of Corti's organ. 0.4 % AgNPs had no effect on CD44, TLR2, MCP2, Rac1, myosin light chain, VCAM1, Erk1/2, JNK, p38, IL-1β, TNF-α, TNFR1, TNFR2, IL-10, or TGF-β. This study suggested that AgNPs might confer macrophage-like functions on the strial basal cells and spiral ligament fibrocytes and enhance the immune activities of non-sensory supporting cells of Corti's organ through the upregulation of CD68, which might be involved in TLR4 activation. A20 and RNF11 played roles in maintaining cochlear homeostasis via negative regulation of the expressions of inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Feng
- Hearing and Balance Research Unit, Field of Oto-laryngology, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Medisiinarinkatu 3, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ilmari Pyykkö
- Hearing and Balance Research Unit, Field of Oto-laryngology, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Medisiinarinkatu 3, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jing Zou
- Hearing and Balance Research Unit, Field of Oto-laryngology, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Medisiinarinkatu 3, 33520, Tampere, Finland.
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Center for Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of Chinese PLA, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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39
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Liu L, Chen Y, Qi J, Zhang Y, He Y, Ni W, Li W, Zhang S, Sun S, Taketo MM, Wang L, Chai R, Li H. Wnt activation protects against neomycin-induced hair cell damage in the mouse cochlea. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2136. [PMID: 26962686 PMCID: PMC4823936 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have reported the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in hair cell (HC) development, regeneration, and differentiation in the mouse cochlea; however, the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in HC protection remains unknown. In this study, we took advantage of transgenic mice to specifically knockout or overactivate the canonical Wnt signaling mediator β-catenin in HCs, which allowed us to investigate the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in protecting HCs against neomycin-induced damage. We first showed that loss of β-catenin in HCs made them more vulnerable to neomycin-induced injury, while constitutive activation of β-catenin in HCs reduced HC loss both in vivo and in vitro. We then showed that loss of β-catenin in HCs increased caspase-mediated apoptosis induced by neomycin injury, while β-catenin overexpression inhibited caspase-mediated apoptosis. Finally, we demonstrated that loss of β-catenin in HCs led to increased expression of forkhead box O3 transcription factor (Foxo3) and Bim along with decreased expression of antioxidant enzymes; thus, there were increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after neomycin treatment that might be responsible for the increased aminoglycoside sensitivity of HCs. In contrast, β-catenin overexpression reduced Foxo3 and Bim expression and ROS levels, suggesting that β-catenin is protective against neomycin-induced HC loss. Our findings demonstrate that Wnt/β-catenin signaling has an important role in protecting HCs against neomycin-induced HC loss and thus might be a new therapeutic target for the prevention of HC death.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Liu
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Y Chen
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Laboratory Center, Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai, PR China
| | - J Qi
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Laboratory Center, Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Y He
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Laboratory Center, Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai, PR China
| | - W Ni
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai, PR China
| | - W Li
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Laboratory Center, Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai, PR China
| | - S Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - S Sun
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Laboratory Center, Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai, PR China
| | - M M Taketo
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - L Wang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - R Chai
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - H Li
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai, PR China
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40
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Lorea-Hernández JJ, Morales T, Rivera-Angulo AJ, Alcantara-Gonzalez D, Peña-Ortega F. Microglia modulate respiratory rhythm generation and autoresuscitation. Glia 2015; 64:603-19. [DOI: 10.1002/glia.22951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan-Julio Lorea-Hernández
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología; Instituto De Neurobiología, UNAM Campus Juriquilla; Querétaro México
| | - Teresa Morales
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología; Instituto De Neurobiología, UNAM Campus Juriquilla; Querétaro México
| | - Ana-Julia Rivera-Angulo
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología; Instituto De Neurobiología, UNAM Campus Juriquilla; Querétaro México
| | - David Alcantara-Gonzalez
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología; Instituto De Neurobiología, UNAM Campus Juriquilla; Querétaro México
| | - Fernando Peña-Ortega
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología; Instituto De Neurobiología, UNAM Campus Juriquilla; Querétaro México
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