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Zhang DX, Jia SY, Xiao K, Zhang MM, Yu ZF, Liu JZ, Zhang W, Zhang LM, Xing BR, Zhou TT, Li XM, Zhao XC, An P. Icariin mitigates anxiety-like behaviors induced by hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation via inhibiting of astrocytic activation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155507. [PMID: 38552430 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal activation of astrocytes in the amygdala contributes to anxiety after hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation (HSR). Nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB)-associated epigenetic reprogramming of astrocytic activation is crucial to anxiety. A bioactive monomer derived from Epimedium icariin (ICA) has been reported to modulate NF-κB signaling and astrocytic activation. PURPOSE The present study aimed to investigate the effects of ICA on post-HSR anxiety disorders and its potential mechanism of action. METHODS We first induced HSR in mice through a bleeding and re-transfusion model and selectively inhibited and activated astrocytes in the amygdala using chemogenetics. Then, ICA (40 mg/kg) was administered by oral gavage once daily for 21 days. Behavioral, electrophysiological, and pathological changes were assessed after HSR using the light-dark transition test, elevated plus maze, recording of local field potential (LFP), and immunofluorescence assays. RESULTS Exposure to HSR reduced the duration of the light chamber and attenuated open-arm entries. Moreover, HSR exposure increased the theta oscillation power in the amygdala and upregulated NF-κB p65, H3K27ac, and H3K4me3 expression. Contrarily, chemogenetic inhibition of astrocytes significantly reversed these changes. Chemogenetic inhibition in astrocytes was simulated by ICA, but chemogenetic activation of astrocytes blocked the neuroprotective effects of ICA. CONCLUSION ICA mitigated anxiety-like behaviors induced by HSR in mice via inhibiting astrocytic activation, which is possibly associated with NF-κB-induced epigenetic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Xue Zhang
- Department of Gerontology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Yan Jia
- Anesthesia and Trauma Research Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine (Cangzhou No. 2 Hospital), Cangzhou, China; Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine in Neurological Rehabilitation, China
| | - Ke Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ming-Ming Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhi-Fang Yu
- Anesthesia and Trauma Research Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine (Cangzhou No. 2 Hospital), Cangzhou, China
| | - Ji-Zhen Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li-Min Zhang
- Anesthesia and Trauma Research Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine (Cangzhou No. 2 Hospital), Cangzhou, China
| | - Bao-Rui Xing
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine in Osteoarthrosis Research (Preparing)
| | - Ting-Ting Zhou
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine in Osteoarthrosis Research (Preparing)
| | - Xiao-Ming Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine in Osteoarthrosis Research (Preparing)
| | - Xiao-Chun Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ping An
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Fei‐Sun Y, Huang M, Qin H, Campos de SouzaHan S, Xue H, Wang Y, Wang Y. Protective effect of isoflurane preconditioning on neurological function in rats with HIE. IBRAIN 2022; 8:500-515. [PMID: 37786586 PMCID: PMC10528772 DOI: 10.1002/ibra.12081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is an important cause of neonatal death and disability, which can lead to long-term neurological and motor dysfunction. Currently, inhalation anesthetics are widely used in surgery, and some studies have found that isoflurane (ISO) may have a positive effect on neuroprotection. In this paper, we investigated whether ISO pretreatment has a neuroprotective effect on the neurological function of HIE rats. Here, 7-day-old neonatal rats were randomly divided into a sham group, a hypoxic-ischemic (HI) group, and an ISO pretreatment (pretreatment) group. The pretreatment group was pretreated with 2% ISO for 1 h, followed by the HI group to establish an HI animal model. The HI‑induced neurological injury was evaluated by Zea‑Longa scores and triphenyltetrazolium (TTC) staining. Neuronal number and histomorphological changes were observed with Nissl staining and Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. In addition, motor learning memory function was evaluated by the Morris water maze (MWM), the Y-maze, and the rotarod tests. HI induced severe neurological dysfunction, brain infarction, and cell apoptosis as well as obvious neuron loss in neonatal rats. In the MWM, the rats in the pretreatment group showed a decrease in escape latency (p = 0.042), indicating that pretreatment with ISO could improve the learning ability of HI rats. The results of Nissl staining showed that in the HI group, there was an irregular arrangement of neurons and nuclear fixation; however, the cell damage was significantly reduced and the total number of neurons was increased after ISO pretreatment (p < 0.001). In conclusion, ISO pretreatment improved cognitive function and attenuated HI-induced reduction of Nissl-positive cells and spatial memory impairment, suggesting that pretreatment with ISO before HI modeling could reduce neuronal cell death in the hippocampus after HI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fei‐Sun
- Institute of Neurological Disease, National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- Center for Epigenetics and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, Kennedy Krieger InstituteJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreUSA
| | - Miao Huang
- Department of AnesthesiologySouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuanChina
| | - Hao‐Yue Qin
- Department of AnesthesiologySouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuanChina
| | - Senio Campos de SouzaHan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacauMacau SARChina
| | - Han Xue
- School of Basic Medical SciencesJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouLiaoningChina
| | - Yu‐Ying Wang
- School of Basic Medical SciencesJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouLiaoningChina
| | - Yi‐Bo Wang
- School of Basic Medical SciencesJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouLiaoningChina
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Chen X, Zhang J, Wu Y, Tucker R, Baird GL, Domonoske R, Barrios-Anderson A, Lim YP, Bath K, Walsh EG, Stonestreet BS. Inter-alpha Inhibitor Proteins Ameliorate Brain Injury and Improve Behavioral Outcomes in a Sex-Dependent Manner After Exposure to Neonatal Hypoxia Ischemia in Newborn and Young Adult Rats. Neurotherapeutics 2022; 19:528-549. [PMID: 35290609 PMCID: PMC9226254 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01217-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury is a major contributor to neurodevelopmental morbidities. Inter-alpha inhibitor proteins (IAIPs) have neuroprotective effects on HI-related brain injury in neonatal rats. However, the effects of treatment with IAIPs on sequential behavioral, MRI, and histopathological abnormalities in the young adult brain after treatment with IAIPs in neonates remain to be determined. The objective of this study was to examine the neuroprotective effects of IAIPs at different neurodevelopmental stages from newborn to young adults after exposure of neonates to HI injury. IAIPs were given as 11-sequential 30-mg/kg doses to postnatal (P) day 7-21 rats after right common carotid artery ligation and exposure to 90 min of 8% oxygen. The resulting brain edema and injury were examined by T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cresyl violet staining, respectively. The mean T2 values of the ipsilateral hemisphere from MRI slices 6 to 10 were reduced in IAIP-treated HI males + females on P8, P9, and P10 and females on P8, P9, P10, and P14. IAIP treatment reduced hemispheric volume atrophy by 44.5 ± 29.7% in adult male + female P42 rats and improved general locomotor abilities measured by the righting reflex over time at P7.5, P8, and P9 in males + females and males and muscle strength/endurance measured by wire hang on P16 in males + females and females. IAIPs provided beneficial effects during the learning phase of the Morris water maze with females exhibiting beneficial effects. IAIPs confer neuroprotection from HI-related brain injury in neonates and even in adult rats and beneficial MRI and behavioral benefits in a sex-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women &101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI, 02905-2499, USA
| | - Jiyong Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women &101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI, 02905-2499, USA
| | - Yuqi Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women &101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI, 02905-2499, USA
| | - Richard Tucker
- Department of Pediatrics, Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women &101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI, 02905-2499, USA
| | - Grayson L Baird
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Biostatistics Core Lifespan Hospital System, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Rose Domonoske
- Department of Pediatrics, Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women &101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI, 02905-2499, USA
| | - Adriel Barrios-Anderson
- Department of Pediatrics, Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women &101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI, 02905-2499, USA
| | - Yow-Pin Lim
- ProThera Biologics, Inc, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Kevin Bath
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edward G Walsh
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Barbara S Stonestreet
- Department of Pediatrics, Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women &101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI, 02905-2499, USA.
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Huang L, Zhou Y, Gou ZX, Zhang F, Lu LQ. Docosahexaenoic acid reduces hypoglycemia-induced neuronal necroptosis via the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ/nuclear factor-κB pathway. Brain Res 2022; 1774:147708. [PMID: 34785255 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
DHA has been shown to be neuroprotective and important to neurogenesis, but its role in HG-induced brain injury and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. To elucidate the therapeutic effect of DHA, we established a mouse model with insulin-induced hypoglycemic brain injury and an in vitro model of HT-22 cells using a sugar-free medium. DHA treatment significantly reduced neuronal death and improved HG-induced learning and memory deficits. Moreover, DHA inhibited neuronal necroptosis and decreased the concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β and TNFR1. DHA also activated PPAR-γ and suppressed the NF-κB pathway in mouse brain tissues. In vitro, DHA treatment restored the viability and decreased necroptosis of HT-22 cells treated with glucose deprivation. However, the inhibition of PPAR-γ with T0070907 reversed neuroprotective and anti-necroptosis effects of DHA in HG-induced brain injury, which is associated with the activation of the downstream NF-κB pathway. We conclude that DHA displays a protective effect against HG-induced brain injury through the PPAR-γ/NF-κB pathway and represents a promising method to prevent HG-induced brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Huang
- Department of Neonatology, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 290 West Second Street, Shayan Road, 610031, Sichuan, China; Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of ChengDu Medical College Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of ChengDu Medical College Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhi-Xian Gou
- Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of ChengDu Medical College Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of ChengDu Medical College Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Li-Qun Lu
- Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of ChengDu Medical College Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China.
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Nutraceuticals in the Prevention of Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia: A Comprehensive Review of their Neuroprotective Properties, Mechanisms of Action and Future Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052524. [PMID: 33802413 PMCID: PMC7959318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxia–ischemia (HI) is a brain injury caused by oxygen deprivation to the brain due to birth asphyxia or reduced cerebral blood perfusion, and it often leads to lifelong limiting sequelae such as cerebral palsy, seizures, or mental retardation. HI remains one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality and morbidity worldwide, and current therapies are limited. Hypothermia has been successful in reducing mortality and some disabilities, but it is only applied to a subset of newborns that meet strict inclusion criteria. Given the unpredictable nature of the obstetric complications that contribute to neonatal HI, prophylactic treatments that prevent, rather than rescue, HI brain injury are emerging as a therapeutic alternative. Nutraceuticals are natural compounds present in the diet or used as dietary supplements that have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, or antiapoptotic properties. This review summarizes the preclinical in vivo studies, mostly conducted on rodent models, that have investigated the neuroprotective properties of nutraceuticals in preventing and reducing HI-induced brain damage and cognitive impairments. The natural products reviewed include polyphenols, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, plant-derived compounds (tanshinones, sulforaphane, and capsaicin), and endogenous compounds (melatonin, carnitine, creatine, and lactate). These nutraceuticals were administered before the damage occurred, either to the mothers as a dietary supplement during pregnancy and/or lactation or to the pups prior to HI induction. To date, very few of these nutritional interventions have been investigated in humans, but we refer to those that have been successful in reducing ischemic stroke in adults. Overall, there is a robust body of preclinical evidence that supports the neuroprotective properties of nutraceuticals, and these may represent a safe and inexpensive nutritional strategy for the prevention of neonatal HI encephalopathy.
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Liu F, Shao M, Xu F, Rong F. Inhibition of NOD1 Attenuates Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia Induced Long-Term Cognitive Impairments in Mice Through Modulation of Autophagy-Related Proteins. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:2659-2669. [PMID: 34421301 PMCID: PMC8373312 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s314884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autophagy is implicated in neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) induced cognitive impairment. The nucleotide-oligomerizing domain-1 (NOD1), a protein involved in inflammatory responses, has been shown to activate autophagy to promote progression of other diseases. We aimed to investigate whether and how NOD1 is involved in HI-induced brain injury using an HI mouse model. METHODS We induced HI in neonatal mice and examined levels of NOD1 and genes associated with autophagy. We then inhibited NOD1 by intracerebroventricular injection of si-NOD1 following HI induction and tested the effects on autophagy, inflammatory responses and long-term behavioral outcomes through Morris water maze and open field tests. RESULTS We found that HI induction significantly elevated mRNA levels of NOD1 (3.54 folds change) and autophagy-related genes including Atg5 (3.89 folds change) and Beclin-1 (3.34 folds change). NOD1 inhibition following HI induction suppressed autophagy signaling as well as HI induced proinflammatory cytokine production. Importantly, NOD1 inhibition after HI improved long-term cognitive function, without impacting exploratory and locomotor activities. CONCLUSION We show here that NOD1 is involved in the pathogenesis of HI-induced brain injury through modulation of autophagy-related proteins and inflammatory responses. Our findings suggest that NOD1 may be a potent target for developing therapeutic strategies for treating HI-induced brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Department of Child Health Care, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyu Shao
- Department of Child Health Care, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Rong
- The Community Clinic of Overseas Chinese Town, Zibo Central Hospital, North Gate of Zhongrun Overseas Chinese Town, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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7
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Arteaga Cabeza O, Zhang Z, Smith Khoury E, Sheldon RA, Sharma A, Zhang F, Slusher BS, Kannan RM, Kannan S, Ferriero DM. Neuroprotective effects of a dendrimer-based glutamate carboxypeptidase inhibitor on superoxide dismutase transgenic mice after neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 148:105201. [PMID: 33271328 PMCID: PMC8351403 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The result of a deprivation of oxygen and glucose to the brain, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), remains the most common cause of death and disability in human neonates globally and is mediated by glutamate toxicity and inflammation. We have previously shown that the enzyme glutamate carboxypeptidase (GCPII) is overexpressed in activated microglia in the presence of inflammation in fetal/newborn rabbit brain. We assessed the therapeutic utility of a GCPII enzyme inhibitor called 2-(3-Mercaptopropyl) pentanedioic acid (2MPPA) attached to a dendrimer (D-2MPPA), in order to target activated microglia in an experimental neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) model using superoxide dismutase transgenic (SOD) mice that are often more injured after hypoxia-ischemia than wildtype animals. SOD overexpressing and wild type (WT) mice underwent permanent ligation of the left common carotid artery followed by 50 min of asphyxiation (10% O2) to induce HI injury on postnatal day 9 (P9). Cy5-labeled dendrimers were administered to the mice at 6 h, 24 h or 72 h after HI and brains were evaluated by immunofluorescence analysis 24 h after the injection to visualize microglial localization and uptake over time. Expression of GCPII enzyme was analyzed in microglia 24 h after the HI injury. The expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were analyzed 24 h and 72 h post-HI. Brain damage was analyzed histologically 7 days post-HI in the three randomly assigned groups: control (C); hypoxic-ischemic (HI); and HI mice who received a single dose of D-2MPPA 6 h post-HI (HI+D-2MPPA). First, we found that GCPII was overexpressed in activated microglia 24 h after HI in the SOD overexpressing mice. Also, there was an increase in microglial activation 24 h after HI in the ipsilateral hippocampus which was most visible in the SOD+HI group. Dendrimers were mostly taken up by microglia by 24 h post-HI; uptake was more prominent in the SOD+HI mice than in the WT+HI. The inflammatory profile showed significant increase in expression of KC/GRO following injury in SOD mice compared to WT at 24 and 72 h. A greater and significant decrease in KC/GRO was seen in the SOD mice following treatment with D-2MPPA. Seven days after HI, D-2MPPA treatment decreased brain injury in the SOD+HI group, but not in WT+HI. This reduced damage was mainly seen in hippocampus and cortex. Our data indicate that the best time point to administer D-2MPPA is 6 h post-HI in order to suppress the expression of GCPII by 24 h after the damage since dendrimer localization in microglia is seen as early as 6 h with the peak of GCPII upregulation in activated microglia seen at 24 h post-HI. Ultimately, treatment with D-2MPPA at 6 h post-HI leads to a decrease in inflammatory profiles by 24 h and reduction in brain injury in the SOD overexpressing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Arteaga Cabeza
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - E Smith Khoury
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - R A Sheldon
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Departments of Newborn Brain Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - A Sharma
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - F Zhang
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - B S Slusher
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - R M Kannan
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - S Kannan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - D M Ferriero
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Departments of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Departments of Newborn Brain Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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Zirpoli H, Chang CL, Carpentier YA, Michael-Titus AT, Ten VS, Deckelbaum RJ. Novel Approaches for Omega-3 Fatty Acid Therapeutics: Chronic Versus Acute Administration to Protect Heart, Brain, and Spinal Cord. Annu Rev Nutr 2020; 40:161-187. [PMID: 32966188 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews novel approaches for omega-3 fatty acid (FA) therapeutics and the linked molecular mechanisms in cardiovascular and central nervous system (CNS) diseases. In vitro and in vivo research studies indicate that omega-3 FAs affect synergic mechanisms that include modulation of cell membrane fluidity, regulation of intracellular signaling pathways, and production of bioactive mediators. We compare how chronic and acute treatments with omega-3 FAs differentially trigger pathways of protection in heart, brain, and spinal cord injuries. We also summarize recent omega-3 FA randomized clinical trials and meta-analyses and discuss possible reasons for controversial results, with suggestions on improving the study design for future clinical trials. Acute treatment with omega-3 FAs offers a novel approach for preserving cardiac and neurological functions, and the combinations of acute treatment with chronic administration of omega-3 FAs might represent an additional therapeutic strategy for ameliorating adverse cardiovascular and CNS outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hylde Zirpoli
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Chuchun L Chang
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Yvon A Carpentier
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.,Nutrition Lipid Developments, SPRL, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Adina T Michael-Titus
- Center for Neuroscience, Surgery, and Trauma, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Vadim S Ten
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Richard J Deckelbaum
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; .,Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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9
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Bustelo M, Bruno MA, Loidl CF, Rey-Funes M, Steinbusch HWM, Gavilanes AWD, van den Hove DLA. Statistical differences resulting from selection of stable reference genes after hypoxia and hypothermia in the neonatal rat brain. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233387. [PMID: 32437382 PMCID: PMC7241816 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Real-time reverse transcription PCR (qPCR) normalized to an internal reference gene (RG), is a frequently used method for quantifying gene expression changes in neuroscience. Although RG expression is assumed to be constant independent of physiological or experimental conditions, several studies have shown that commonly used RGs are not expressed stably. The use of unstable RGs has a profound effect on the conclusions drawn from studies on gene expression, and almost universally results in spurious estimation of target gene expression. Approaches aimed at selecting and validating RGs often make use of different statistical methods, which may lead to conflicting results. Based on published RG validation studies involving hypoxia the present study evaluates the expression of 5 candidate RGs (Actb, Pgk1, Sdha, Gapdh, Rnu6b) as a function of hypoxia exposure and hypothermic treatment in the neonatal rat cerebral cortex–in order to identify RGs that are stably expressed under these experimental conditions–using several statistical approaches that have been proposed to validate RGs. In doing so, we first analyzed RG ranking stability proposed by several widely used statistical methods and related tools, i.e. the Coefficient of Variation (CV) analysis, GeNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and the ΔCt method. Using the Geometric mean rank, Pgk1 was identified as the most stable gene. Subsequently, we compared RG expression patterns between the various experimental groups. We found that these statistical methods, next to producing different rankings per se, all ranked RGs displaying significant differences in expression levels between groups as the most stable RG. As a consequence, when assessing the impact of RG selection on target gene expression quantification, substantial differences in target gene expression profiles were observed. Altogether, by assessing mRNA expression profiles within the neonatal rat brain cortex in hypoxia and hypothermia as a showcase, this study underlines the importance of further validating RGs for each individual experimental paradigm, considering the limitations of the statistical methods used for this aim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín Bustelo
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC), Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, San Juan, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología Experimental, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail:
| | - Martín A. Bruno
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, San Juan, Argentina
| | - César F. Loidl
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, San Juan, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología Experimental, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Manuel Rey-Funes
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología Experimental, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Harry W. M. Steinbusch
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Antonio W. D. Gavilanes
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC), Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación de Salud Integral, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - D. L. A. van den Hove
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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10
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Hortensius LM, van Elburg RM, Nijboer CH, Benders MJNL, de Theije CGM. Postnatal Nutrition to Improve Brain Development in the Preterm Infant: A Systematic Review From Bench to Bedside. Front Physiol 2019; 10:961. [PMID: 31404162 PMCID: PMC6677108 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Preterm infants are at high risk for Encephalopathy of Prematurity and successive adverse neurodevelopmental outcome. Adequate nutrition is crucial for healthy brain development. Maternal breast milk is first choice of post-natal enteral nutrition for preterm infants. However, breast milk contains insufficient nutrient quantities to meet the greater nutritional needs of preterm infants, meaning that supplementation is recommended. Aim: To provide an overview of current literature on potential nutritional interventions for improvement of neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants, by taking a bench to bedside approach from pre-clinical models of neonatal brain injury to randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) in preterm infants. Methods: Separate clinical and pre-clinical searches were performed in Medline and Embase for English written papers published between 08/2008 and 08/2018 that studied a single nutritional component. Papers were included if one of the following components was studied: lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, minerals, probiotics, prebiotics, oligosaccharides, fatty acids, or amino acids, with brain injury, brain development or neurodevelopmental outcome as outcome measure in preterm infants (gestational age <32 weeks and/or birth weight <1,500 g) or in animal models of neonatal brain injury. Results: In total, 2,671 pre-clinical studies and 852 RCTs were screened, of which 24 pre-clinical and 22 RCTs were included in this review. In these trials supplementation with amino acids and protein, lipids, probiotics (only clinical), prebiotics (only clinical), vitamins, and minerals was studied. All included pre-clinical studies show positive effect of supplementation on brain injury and/or neurodevelopment. Although some nutrients, such as glutamine, show promising short term outcome in clinical studies, no evident long term effect of any supplemented nutrient was found. Main limitations were inclusion of studies no older than 10 years at time of search and studies that focused on single nutritional components only. Conclusion: Even though many pre-clinical trials demonstrate promising effects of different nutritional interventions on reducing brain injury and/or improving neurodevelopmental outcome, these positive effects have so far not evidently been demonstrated in RCTs. More clinically relevant animal models and long term follow up after clinical trials are needed to move novel nutritional therapies from bench to bedside of preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M. Hortensius
- Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ruurd M. van Elburg
- Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Cora H. Nijboer
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Manon J. N. L. Benders
- Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Caroline G. M. de Theije
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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11
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Takanezawa Y, Nakamura R, Hamaguchi M, Yamamoto K, Sone Y, Uraguchi S, Kiyono M. Docosahexaenoic acid enhances methylmercury-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and cell death and eicosapentaenoic acid potentially attenuates these effects in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Toxicol Lett 2019; 306:35-42. [PMID: 30769081 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fish consumption has both the risk of methylmercury (MeHg) poisoning and the benefit of obtaining n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). However, the cellular interaction between MeHg and PUFAs remains unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of MeHg and n-3 PUFA exposure on mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). The results showed that EPA had a negligible effect on MeHg-induced cell death, whereas DHA promoted it. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) concentrations in cells exposed to DHA and MeHg were higher than in those exposed to EPA and MeHg. Treatment with DHA and MeHg markedly induced the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress (CHOP and DNAJB9) and Nrf2 target gene (p62 and HMOX-1) mRNA levels. Unexpectedly, EPA supplementation in addition to DHA and MeHg attenuated DHA- and MeHg-induced cell death and suppressed ER stress and expression of Nrf2 target genes. Our results revealed a differential impact of DHA and EPA on MeHg-induced cell death, and combined treatment with DHA and EPA along with MeHg attenuated MeHg-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasukazu Takanezawa
- Department of Public Health, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Nakamura
- Department of Public Health, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Miho Hamaguchi
- Department of Public Health, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Kanae Yamamoto
- Department of Public Health, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Yuka Sone
- Department of Public Health, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Shimpei Uraguchi
- Department of Public Health, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Masako Kiyono
- Department of Public Health, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan.
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12
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Ren Z, Chen L, Wang Y, Wei X, Zeng S, Zheng Y, Gao C, Liu H. Activation of the Omega-3 Fatty Acid Receptor GPR120 Protects against Focal Cerebral Ischemic Injury by Preventing Inflammation and Apoptosis in Mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 202:747-759. [PMID: 30598514 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptor 120 (GPR120) has been shown to negatively regulate inflammation and apoptosis, but its role in cerebral ischemic injury remains unclear. Using an in vivo model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and an in vitro model of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), we investigated the potential role and molecular mechanisms of GPR120 in focal cerebral ischemic injury. Increased GPR120 expression was observed in microglia and neurons following MCAO-induced ischemia in wild type C57BL/6 mice. Treatment with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) inhibited OGD-induced inflammatory response in primary microglia and murine microglial BV2 cells, whereas silencing of GPR120 strongly exacerbated the inflammation induced by OGD and abolished the anti-inflammatory effects of DHA. Mechanistically, DHA inhibited OGD-induced inflammation through GPR120 interacting with β-arrestin2. In addition to its anti-inflammatory function, GPR120 also played a role in apoptosis as its knockdown impaired the antiapoptotic effect of DHA in OGD-induced rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. Finally, using MCAO mouse model, we demonstrated that GPR120 activation protected against focal cerebral ischemic injury by preventing inflammation and apoptosis. Our study indicated that pharmacological targeting of GPR120 may provide a novel approach for the treatment of patients with ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yimeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xinbing Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Shenglan Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.,Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; and.,Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Chengjiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; .,Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; and.,Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Huiqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China;
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13
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δ-Opioid Receptor-Nrf-2-Mediated Inhibition of Inflammatory Cytokines in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:5229-5240. [PMID: 30560518 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1452-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) causes serious neurological disability; there are, however, currently few promising therapies for it. We have recently shown that δ-opioid receptor (DOR) is neuroprotective by downregulating TNF-α. Since hypoxia-ischemia (HI) triggers a robust inflammatory response, which exacerbates HI brain damage, we investigated, in this study, whether DOR activation could regulate inflammatory cytokine expression, thereby playing a protective effect on the neonatal brain under HI. Twenty-five neonatal rats were randomly divided into five groups: (1) control (control); (2) HI; (3) HI with saline (HI + NS); (4) DOR activation with UFP-512 (a potent and specific DOR agonist) under HI conditions (HI + U); and (5) DOR inhibition using NT treatment under HI conditions (HI + NT). The rats were sacrificed by decapitation at 24 h after HI, and their brains were rapidly removed for measurements. The protein expression of TNF-α, IL-6, ICAM-1, IL-10, IL-18, NQO-1, Nrf-2, and HO-1 was measured using Western blot. In the hemispheres exposed to HI, DOR activation significantly decreased the expressions of TNF-α, IL-6, and ICAM-1 in the cortex, while it significantly increased IL-10 and had no effect on IL-18 in the same region. In contrast, DOR had no appreciable effect on inflammatory cytokine expression in non-cortical tissues including hippocampal, subcortical, and cerebellar tissues. Moreover, HI stress triggered an upregulation of Nrf-2 nuclear protein as well as some of its downstream anti-inflammatory genes such as HO-1 and NQO-1 in the cortex, while DOR activation further augmented such a protective reaction against HI injury. DOR plays an important role in protecting against HI by regulating the expression of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the cortex, which is likely mediated by the Nrf-2/HO-1/NQO-1 signaling.
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14
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Confortim HD, Deniz BF, de Almeida W, Miguel PM, Bronauth L, Vieira MC, de Oliveira BC, Pereira LO. Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia caused mild motor dysfunction, recovered by acrobatic training, without affecting morphological structures involved in motor control in rats. Brain Res 2018; 1707:27-44. [PMID: 30448443 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluated motor function and morphological aspects of the components involved in motor control (sensorimotor cortex, spinal cord, sciatic nerve, neuromuscular junctions and skeletal muscle) in male Wistar rats exposed to a model of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and the possible influence of different physical exercise protocols - treadmill and acrobatic. Male Wistar rats at the 7th post-natal day (PND) were submitted to the HIE model and from the 22nd until 60th PND the exercise protocols (treadmill or acrobatic training) were running. After the training, the animals were evaluated in Open Field, Ladder Rung Walking and Rotarod tasks and after samples of the motor control components were collected. Our results evidenced that the acrobatic training reversed the hyperactivity and anxiety, caused locomotion improvement and decreased brain atrophy in HIE animals. We did not find morphological differences on sensorimotor cortex, spinal cord, sciatic nerve, neuromuscular junctions and skeletal muscle in the animals submitted to HIE model. These intriguing data support the statement of the Rice-Vannucci model does not seem to reproduce, in structures involved in control function, the damage found in humans that suffer HIE. Regarding the protocols of exercise, we proposed that the acrobatic exercise could be a good therapeutic option especially in children affected by neonatal HIE and can be responsible for good results in cognitive and motor aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloísa Deola Confortim
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, sala 107, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Ferrary Deniz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, sala 107, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Wellington de Almeida
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, sala 107, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Maidana Miguel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, sala 107, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Loise Bronauth
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Milene Cardoso Vieira
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Chaves de Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lenir Orlandi Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, sala 107, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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15
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Anti-Oxidative and Neuroprotective Effects of Supplementary Flaxseed on Oxidative Damage in the Hippocampus Area of a Rat Model of Hypoxia. ARCHIVES OF NEUROSCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/ans.60193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Janowska J, Sypecka J. Therapeutic Strategies for Leukodystrophic Disorders Resulting from Perinatal Asphyxia: Focus on Myelinating Oligodendrocytes. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:4388-4402. [PMID: 28660484 PMCID: PMC5884907 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0647-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Perinatal asphyxia results from the action of different risk factors like complications during pregnancy, preterm delivery, or long and difficult labor. Nowadays, it is still the leading cause of neonatal brain injury known as hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and resulting neurological disorders. A temporal limitation of oxygen, glucose, and trophic factors supply results in alteration of neural cell differentiation and functioning and/or leads to their death. Among the affected cells are oligodendrocytes, responsible for myelinating the central nervous system (CNS) and formation of white matter. Therefore, one of the major consequences of the experienced HIE is leukodystrophic diseases resulting from oligodendrocyte deficiency or malfunctioning. The therapeutic strategies applied after perinatal asphyxia are aimed at reducing brain damage and promoting the endogenous neuroreparative mechanisms. In this review, we focus on the biology of oligodendrocytes and discuss present clinical treatments in the context of their efficiency in preserving white matter structure and preventing cognitive and behavioral deficits after perinatal asphyxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Janowska
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego str., 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Sypecka
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego str., 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
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17
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Liu S, Xin D, Wang L, Zhang T, Bai X, Li T, Xie Y, Xue H, Bo S, Liu D, Wang Z. Therapeutic effects of L-Cysteine in newborn mice subjected to hypoxia-ischemia brain injury via the CBS/H 2S system: Role of oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Redox Biol 2017; 13:528-540. [PMID: 28735240 PMCID: PMC5524226 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) injury is a major cause of neonatal death and neurological dysfunction. H2S has been shown to protect against hypoxia-induced injury and apoptosis of neurons. L-Cysteine is catalyzed by cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) in the brain and sequentially produces endogenous H2S. The present study was designed to investigate whether L-Cysteine could attenuate the acute brain injury and improve neurobehavioral outcomes following HI brain injury in neonatal mice by releasing endogenous H2S. L-Cysteine treatment significantly attenuated brain edema and decreased infarct volume and neuronal cell death, as shown by a decrease in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, suppression of caspase-3 activation, and reduced phosphorylation of Akt and ERK at 72 h after HI. Additionally, L-Cysteine substantially up-regulated NF-E2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase-1 expression. L-Cysteine also decreased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated pro-apoptotic protein expression. Furthermore, L-Cysteine had long-term effects by protecting against the loss of ipsilateral brain tissue and improving neurobehavioral outcomes. Importantly, pre-treatment with a CBS inhibitor significantly attenuated the neuroprotection of L-Cysteine on HI insult. Thus, L-Cysteine exerts neuroprotection against HI-induced injury in neonates via the CBS/H2S pathway, mediated in part by anti-apoptotic effects and reduced oxidative stress and ER stress. Thus, L-Cysteine may be a promising treatment for HI. L-Cysteine administration at 24 h after HI insult has neuroprotective effect. L-Cysteine administration attenuated HI-induced oxidative stress and ER stress. L-Cysteine administration had long-term effects in improving neurobehavioral function at 14 and 28 days after HI insult. Pre-treatment with a CBS inhibitor significantly attenuated the neuroprotection of L-Cysteine on HI in neonatal mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Liu
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Danqing Xin
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Lingxiao Wang
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Xuemei Bai
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Yunkai Xie
- Department of Medical Psychology, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Hao Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, 107#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, PR China
| | - Shishi Bo
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Dexiang Liu
- Department of Medical Psychology, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.
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18
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Arteaga O, Álvarez A, Revuelta M, Santaolalla F, Urtasun A, Hilario E. Role of Antioxidants in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury: New Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E265. [PMID: 28134843 PMCID: PMC5343801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage is an alarming health and economic problem in spite of the advances in neonatal care. It can cause mortality or detrimental neurological disorders such as cerebral palsy, motor impairment and cognitive deficits in neonates. When hypoxia-ischemia occurs, a multi-faceted cascade of events starts out, which can eventually cause cell death. Lower levels of oxygen due to reduced blood supply increase the production of reactive oxygen species, which leads to oxidative stress, a higher concentration of free cytosolic calcium and impaired mitochondrial function, triggering the activation of apoptotic pathways, DNA fragmentation and cell death. The high incidence of this type of lesion in newborns can be partly attributed to the fact that the developing brain is particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress. Since antioxidants can safely interact with free radicals and terminate that chain reaction before vital molecules are damaged, exogenous antioxidant therapy may have the potential to diminish cellular damage caused by hypoxia-ischemia. In this review, we focus on the neuroprotective effects of antioxidant treatments against perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, in the light of the most recent advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olatz Arteaga
- Department of Cell Biology & Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain.
| | - Antonia Álvarez
- Department of Cell Biology & Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain.
| | - Miren Revuelta
- Department of Cell Biology & Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain.
| | - Francisco Santaolalla
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Basurto University Hospital, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain.
| | - Andoni Urtasun
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain.
- Neurogenomiks Laboratory, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48170 Zamudio, Spain.
| | - Enrique Hilario
- Department of Cell Biology & Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain.
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19
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Mao HF, Xie J, Chen JQ, Tang CF, Chen W, Zhou BC, Chen R, Qu HL, Wu CZ. Aerobic exercise combined with huwentoxin-I mitigates chronic cerebral ischemia injury. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:596-602. [PMID: 28553340 PMCID: PMC5436358 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.205099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ channel blockers have been shown to protect neurons from ischemia, and aerobic exercise has significant protective effects on a variety of chronic diseases. The present study injected huwentoxin-I (HWTX-I), a spider peptide toxin that blocks Ca2+ channels, into the caudal vein of a chronic cerebral ischemia mouse model, once every 2 days, for a total of 15 injections. During this time, a subgroup of mice was subjected to treadmill exercise for 5 weeks. Results showed amelioration of cortical injury and improved neurological function in mice with chronic cerebral ischemia in the HWTX-I + aerobic exercise group. The combined effects of HWTX-I and exercise were superior to HWTX-I or aerobic exercise alone. HWTX-I effectively activated the Notch signal transduction pathway in brain tissue. Aerobic exercise up-regulated synaptophysin mRNA expression. These results demonstrated that aerobic exercise, in combination with HWTX-I, effectively relieved neuronal injury induced by chronic cerebral ischemia via the Notch signaling pathway and promoting synaptic regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Feng Mao
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.,College of Physical Education, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jun Xie
- College of Physical Education, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jia-Qin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chang-Fa Tang
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Bo-Cun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hong-Lin Qu
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.,College of Physical Education, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Chu-Zu Wu
- College of Physical Education, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi Province, China
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