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Saha P, Yarra SS, Arruri V, Mohan U, Kumar A. Exploring the role of miRNA in diabetic neuropathy: from diagnostics to therapeutics. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03422-y. [PMID: 39249503 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03422-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is one of the major microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus affecting 50% of the diabetic population marred by various unmet clinical needs. There is a need to explore newer pathological mechanisms for designing futuristic regimens for the management of DN. There is a need for post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) to finetune different cellular mechanisms with significant biological relevance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small ncRNAs (~ 20 to 24 nucleotide length) that are known to regulate the activity of ~ 50% protein-coding genes through repression of their target mRNAs. Differential expression of these miRNAs is associated with the pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy via regulating various pathways such as neuronal hyperexcitability, inflammation, axonal growth, regeneration, and oxidative stress. Of note, the circulating and extracellular vesicular miRNAs serve as potential biomarkers underscoring their diagnostic potential. Recent pieces of evidence highlight the potential of miRNAs in modulating the initiation and progression of DN and the possibility of developing miRNAs as treatment options for DN. In this review, we have elaborated on the role of different miRNAs as potential biomarkers and emphasized their druggable aspects for promising future therapies for the clinical management of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Saha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) SAS Nagar, Sec 67, Mohali, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Sai Sumanjali Yarra
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Kolkata, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Vijay Arruri
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Utpal Mohan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Kolkata, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) SAS Nagar, Sec 67, Mohali, Punjab, 160062, India.
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2
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Su Y, Verkhratsky A, Yi C. Targeting connexins: possible game changer in managing neuropathic pain? Trends Mol Med 2024; 30:642-659. [PMID: 38594094 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a chronic debilitating condition caused by nerve injury or a variety of diseases. At the core of neuropathic pain lies the aberrant neuronal excitability in the peripheral and/or central nervous system (PNS and CNS). Enhanced connexin expression and abnormal activation of connexin-assembled gap junctional channels are prominent in neuropathic pain along with reactive gliosis, contributing to neuronal hypersensitivity and hyperexcitability. In this review, we delve into the current understanding of how connexin expression and function contribute to the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of neuropathic pain and argue for connexins as potential therapeutic targets for neuropathic pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixun Su
- Research Centre, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Alexei Verkhratsky
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Achucarro Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Bilbao, Spain; Department of Stem Cell Biology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Chenju Yi
- Research Centre, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Active substance screening and Translational Research, Shenzhen, China.
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Dong H, Sun Y, Nie L, Cui A, Zhao P, Leung WK, Wang Q. Metabolic memory: mechanisms and diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:38. [PMID: 38413567 PMCID: PMC10899265 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01755-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases and their complications impose health and economic burdens worldwide. Evidence from past experimental studies and clinical trials suggests our body may have the ability to remember the past metabolic environment, such as hyperglycemia or hyperlipidemia, thus leading to chronic inflammatory disorders and other diseases even after the elimination of these metabolic environments. The long-term effects of that aberrant metabolism on the body have been summarized as metabolic memory and are found to assume a crucial role in states of health and disease. Multiple molecular mechanisms collectively participate in metabolic memory management, resulting in different cellular alterations as well as tissue and organ dysfunctions, culminating in disease progression and even affecting offspring. The elucidation and expansion of the concept of metabolic memory provides more comprehensive insight into pathogenic mechanisms underlying metabolic diseases and complications and promises to be a new target in disease detection and management. Here, we retrace the history of relevant research on metabolic memory and summarize its salient characteristics. We provide a detailed discussion of the mechanisms by which metabolic memory may be involved in disease development at molecular, cellular, and organ levels, with emphasis on the impact of epigenetic modulations. Finally, we present some of the pivotal findings arguing in favor of targeting metabolic memory to develop therapeutic strategies for metabolic diseases and provide the latest reflections on the consequences of metabolic memory as well as their implications for human health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuezhang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lulingxiao Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Aimin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Periodontology and Implant Dentistry Division, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai Keung Leung
- Periodontology and Implant Dentistry Division, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Wu F, Wei H, Hu Y, Gao J, Xu S. Upregulation of P2X7 Exacerbates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury through Enhancing Inflammation and Apoptosis in Diabetic Mice. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:1962-1973. [PMID: 37144844 PMCID: PMC10235857 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes-aggravated myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury remains an urgent medical issue, and the molecular mechanisms involved with diabetes and MI/R injury remain largely unknown. Previous studies have shown that inflammation and P2X7 signaling participate in the pathogenesis of the heart under individual conditions. It remains to be explored if P2X7 signaling is exacerbated or alleviated under double insults. We established a high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse model, and we compared the differences in immune cell infiltration and P2X7 expression between diabetic and nondiabetic mice after 24 h of reperfusion. The antagonist and agonist of P2X7 were administered before and after MI/R. Our study showed that the MI/R injury of diabetic mice was characterized by increased infarct area, impaired ventricular contractility, more apoptosis, aggravated immune cell infiltration, and overactive P2X7 signaling compared with nondiabetic mice. The major trigger of increased P2X7 was the MI/R-induced recruitment of monocytes and macrophages, and diabetes can be a synergistic factor in this process. Administration of P2X7 agonist eliminated the differences in MI/R injury between nondiabetic mice and diabetic mice. Both 2 wk of brilliant blue G injection before MI/R and acutely administered A438079 at the time of MI/R injury attenuated the role of diabetes in exacerbating MI/R injury, as evidenced by decreased infarct size, improved cardiac function, and inhibition of apoptosis. Additionally, brilliant blue G blockade decreased the heart rate after MI/R, which was accompanied by downregulation of tyrosine hydroxylase expression and nerve growth factor transcription. In conclusion, targeting P2X7 may be a promising strategy for reducing the risk of MI/R injury in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fancan Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingxin Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahong Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyuan Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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MicroRNA: Crucial modulator in purinergic signalling involved diseases. Purinergic Signal 2023; 19:329-341. [PMID: 35106737 PMCID: PMC9984628 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-022-09840-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Both microRNAs (miRNAs) and purinergic signalling are widely and respectively expressed in various tissues of different organisms and play vital roles in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Here, we reviewed the current publications contributed to the relationship of miRNAs and purinergic signalling in cardiovascular diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, neurological diseases, and ophthalmic diseases. We tried to decode the miRNAs-purinergic signalling network of purinergic signalling involved diseases. The evidence indicated that more than 30 miRNAs (miR-22, miR-30, miR-146, miR-150, miR-155, miR-187, etc.) directly or indirectly modulate P1 receptors (A1, A2A, A2B, A3), P2 receptors (P2X1, P2X3, P2X4, P2X7, P2Y2, P2Y6, P2Y12), and ecto-enzymes (CD39, CD73, ADA2); P2X7 and CD73 could be modulated by multiple miRNAs (P2X7: miR-21, miR-22, miR-30, miR-135a, miR-150, miR-186, miR-187, miR-216b; CD73: miR-141, miR-101, miR-193b, miR-340, miR-187, miR-30, miR-422a); miR-187 would be the common miRNA to modulate P2X7 and CD73.
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Ismail A, El-Mahdy HA, Eldeib MG, Doghish AS. miRNAs as cornerstones in diabetic microvascular complications. Mol Genet Metab 2023; 138:106978. [PMID: 36565688 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2022.106978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is usually accompanied by nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy as microvascular complications. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can affect the kidney, retina, and peripheral neurons through their implication in pathways involved in angiogenesis, inflammation, apoptosis, as well as fibrosis within these tissues and hence, play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of microvascular complications. In this review, the updated knowledge of the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of diabetic microvascular complications was summarized. PubMed Central was searched extensively to retrieve data from a wide range of reputable biomedical reports/articles published after the year 2000 to systematically collect and present a review of the key molecular pathways mediating the hyperglycemia-induced adverse effects on vascular tissues, particularly in persons with T2DM. In the present review, miR-126, miR-29b, and miR-125a are implicated in diabetes-induced microvascular complications, while miR-146a is found to be connected to all these complications. Also, vascular endothelial growth factors are noted to be the most impacted targets by miRNAs in all diabetic microvascular problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud Gomaa Eldeib
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University - Kantara Branch, 41636 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
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Endothelial derived miRNA-9 mediated cardiac fibrosis in diabetes and its regulation by ZFAS1. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276076. [PMID: 36240130 PMCID: PMC9565427 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the most prevalent causes of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Hyperglycemia induces increased expression/deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins including fibronectin (FN) and collagen (Col) and plays an important role in fibrosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). The roles of RNAs including microRNA (miRNA) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) have begun to be understood in many conditions. In this study, we investigated the role of a specific miRNA, miR-9, and its interactions with lncRNA ZFAS1 in mediating fibrosis in DCM. Treatment with 25 mM glucose (HG) decreased miR-9 expression and increased expressions of ZFAS1, ECM proteins and inflammatory markers, compared to 5 mM glucose (NG) in the HCMECs by using qRT-PCR. Glucose-induced upregulation of ECM proteins can be prevented by ZFAS1 siRNA or miR-9 mimic transfection. Luciferase assay was confirmed miR-9 binding to FN 3’-UTR. miR-9 expression can be regulated by ZFAS1 through polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) components using RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays. In the in vivo experiment, hyperglycemia-induced the ECM production can be prevented by the miR-9 overexpression in the fibrosis in DCM. These studies showed a novel glucose-induced molecular mechanism in which ZFAS1 participates in the transcriptional regulation of ECM protein production in diabetes through miR-9.
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Malakoti F, Mohammadi E, Akbari Oryani M, Shanebandi D, Yousefi B, Salehi A, Asemi Z. Polyphenols target miRNAs as a therapeutic strategy for diabetic complications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:1865-1881. [PMID: 36069329 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2119364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
MiRNAs are a large group of non-coding RNAs which participate in different cellular pathways like inflammation and oxidation through transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic regulation. In the post-transcriptional regulation, miRNA interacts with the 3'-UTR of mRNAs and prevents their translation. This prevention or dysregulation can be a cause of pathological conditions like diabetic complications. A huge number of studies have revealed the association between miRNAs and diabetic complications, including diabetic nephropathy, cardiomyopathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, and delayed wound healing. To address this issue, recent studies have focused on the use of polyphenols as selective and safe drugs in the treatment of diabetes complications. In this article, we will review the involvement of miRNAs in diabetic complications' occurrence or development. Finally, we will review the latest findings on targeting miRNAs by polyphenols like curcumin, resveratrol, and quercetin for diabetic complications therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Malakoti
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Erfan Mohammadi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahsa Akbari Oryani
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Darioush Shanebandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Azadeh Salehi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Islamic Azad University of Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
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Khan A, Pasquier J, Ramachandran V, Ponirakis G, Petropoulos IN, Chidiac O, Thomas B, Robay A, Jayyousi A, Al Suwaidi J, Rafii A, Menzies RA, Talal TK, Najafi-Shoushtari SH, Abi Khalil C, Malik RA. Altered Circulating microRNAs in Patients with Diabetic Neuropathy and Corneal Nerve Loss: A Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11061632. [PMID: 35329958 PMCID: PMC8956033 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11061632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
An alteration in circulating miRNAs may have important diagnostic and therapeutic relevance in diabetic neuropathy. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) underwent an assessment of neuropathic symptoms using Douleur Neuropathique 4 (DN4), the vibration perception threshold (VPT) using a Neurothesiometer, sudomotor function using the Sudoscan, corneal nerve morphology using corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) and circulating miRNAs using high-throughput miRNA expression profiling. Patients with T2DM, with (n = 9) and without (n = 7) significant corneal nerve loss were comparable in age, gender, diabetes duration, BMI, HbA1c, eGFR, blood pressure, and lipid profile. The VPT was significantly higher (p < 0.05), and electrochemical skin conductance (p < 0.05), corneal nerve fiber density (p = 0.001), corneal nerve branch density (p = 0.013), and corneal nerve fiber length (p < 0.001) were significantly lower in T2DM patients with corneal nerve loss compared to those without corneal nerve loss. Following a q-PCR-based analysis of total plasma microRNAs, we found that miR-92b-3p (p = 0.008) was significantly downregulated, while miR-22-3p (p = 0.0001) was significantly upregulated in T2DM patients with corneal nerve loss. A network analysis revealed that these miRNAs regulate axonal guidance and neuroinflammation genes. These data support the need for more extensive studies to better understand the role of dysregulated miRNAs’ in diabetic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Khan
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar; (A.K.); (G.P.); (I.N.P.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar P.O. Box 25100, Pakistan
| | - Jennifer Pasquier
- Epigenetics Cardiovascular Laboratory, Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar; (J.P.); (O.C.); (B.T.); (A.R.); (A.R.)
| | - Vimal Ramachandran
- MicroRNA Core Laboratory, Research Division, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar; (V.R.); (S.H.N.-S.)
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Georgios Ponirakis
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar; (A.K.); (G.P.); (I.N.P.)
| | - Ioannis N. Petropoulos
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar; (A.K.); (G.P.); (I.N.P.)
| | - Omar Chidiac
- Epigenetics Cardiovascular Laboratory, Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar; (J.P.); (O.C.); (B.T.); (A.R.); (A.R.)
| | - Binitha Thomas
- Epigenetics Cardiovascular Laboratory, Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar; (J.P.); (O.C.); (B.T.); (A.R.); (A.R.)
| | - Amal Robay
- Epigenetics Cardiovascular Laboratory, Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar; (J.P.); (O.C.); (B.T.); (A.R.); (A.R.)
| | - Amin Jayyousi
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar; (A.J.); (J.A.S.); (R.A.M.); (T.K.T.)
| | - Jassim Al Suwaidi
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar; (A.J.); (J.A.S.); (R.A.M.); (T.K.T.)
| | - Arash Rafii
- Epigenetics Cardiovascular Laboratory, Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar; (J.P.); (O.C.); (B.T.); (A.R.); (A.R.)
| | - Robert A. Menzies
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar; (A.J.); (J.A.S.); (R.A.M.); (T.K.T.)
| | - Talal K. Talal
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar; (A.J.); (J.A.S.); (R.A.M.); (T.K.T.)
| | - Seyed Hani Najafi-Shoushtari
- MicroRNA Core Laboratory, Research Division, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar; (V.R.); (S.H.N.-S.)
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Charbel Abi Khalil
- Epigenetics Cardiovascular Laboratory, Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar; (J.P.); (O.C.); (B.T.); (A.R.); (A.R.)
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Correspondence: (C.A.K.); (R.A.M.); Tel.: +974-4492-8484 (C.A.K.); +974-4492-8256 (R.A.M.)
| | - Rayaz A. Malik
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar; (A.K.); (G.P.); (I.N.P.)
- Correspondence: (C.A.K.); (R.A.M.); Tel.: +974-4492-8484 (C.A.K.); +974-4492-8256 (R.A.M.)
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Role of miRNAs in diabetic neuropathy: mechanisms and possible interventions. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:1836-1849. [PMID: 35023058 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02662-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Accelerating cases of diabetes worldwide have given rise to higher incidences of diabetic complications. MiRNAs, a much-explored class of non-coding RNAs, play a significant role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus by affecting insulin release, β-cell proliferation, and dysfunction. Besides, disrupted miRNAs contribute to various complications, diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy as well as severe conditions like diabetic foot. MiRNAs regulate various processes involved in diabetic complications like angiogenesis, vascularization, inflammations, and various signaling pathways like PI3K, MAPK, SMAD, and NF-KB signaling pathways. Diabetic neuropathy is the most common diabetic complication, characterized mainly by pain and numbness, especially in the legs and feet. MiRNAs implicated in diabetic neuropathy include mir-9, mir-106a, mir-146a, mir-182, miR-23a and b, miR-34a, and miR-503. The diabetic foot is the most common diabetic neuropathy, often leading to amputations. Mir-203, miR-23c, miR-145, miR-29b and c, miR-126, miR-23a and b, miR-503, and miR-34a are associated with diabetic foot. This review has been compiled to summarize miRNA involved in initiation, progression, and miRNAs affecting various signaling pathways involved in diabetic neuropathy including the diabetic foot. Besides, potential applications of miRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in this microvascular complication will also be discussed.
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Genetic and Epigenomic Modifiers of Diabetic Neuropathy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094887. [PMID: 34063061 PMCID: PMC8124699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy (DN), the most common chronic and progressive complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), strongly affects patients’ quality of life. DN could be present as peripheral, autonomous or, clinically also relevant, uremic neuropathy. The etiopathogenesis of DN is multifactorial, and genetic components play a role both in its occurrence and clinical course. A number of gene polymorphisms in candidate genes have been assessed as susceptibility factors for DN, and most of them are linked to mechanisms such as reactive oxygen species production, neurovascular impairments and modified protein glycosylation, as well as immunomodulation and inflammation. Different epigenomic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNA action have been studied in DN, which also underline the importance of “metabolic memory” in DN appearance and progression. In this review, we summarize most of the relevant data in the field of genetics and epigenomics of DN, hoping they will become significant for diagnosis, therapy and prevention of DN.
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Spallone V, Ciccacci C, Latini A, Borgiani P. What Is in the Field for Genetics and Epigenetics of Diabetic Neuropathy: The Role of MicroRNAs. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:5593608. [PMID: 34660810 PMCID: PMC8514969 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5593608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the high prevalence of diabetic neuropathy, its early start, and its impact on quality of life and mortality, unresolved clinical issues persist in the field regarding its screening implementation, the understanding of its mechanisms, and the search for valid biomarkers, as well as disease-modifying treatment. Genetics may address these needs by providing genetic biomarkers of susceptibility, giving insights into pathogenesis, and shedding light on how to select possible responders to treatment. After a brief summary of recent studies on the genetics of diabetic neuropathy, the current review focused mainly on microRNAs (miRNAs), including the authors' results in this field. It summarized the findings of animal and human studies that associate miRNAs with diabetic neuropathy and explored the possible pathogenetic meanings of these associations, in particular regarding miR-128a, miR-155a, and miR-499a, as well as their application for diabetic neuropathy screening. Moreover, from a genetic perspective, it examined new findings of polymorphisms of miRNA genes in diabetic neuropathy. It considered in more depth the pathogenetic implications for diabetic neuropathy of the polymorphism of MIR499A and the related changes in the downstream action of miR-499a, showing how epigenetic and genetic studies may provide insight into pathogenetic mechanisms like mitochondrial dysfunction. Finally, the concept and the data of genotype-phenotype association for polymorphism of miRNA genes were described. In conclusion, although at a very preliminary stage, the findings linking the genetics and epigenetics of miRNAs might contribute to the identification of exploratory risk biomarkers, a comprehensive definition of susceptibility to specific pathogenetic mechanisms, and the development of mechanism-based treatment of diabetic neuropathy, thus addressing the goals of genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Spallone
- Department of Systems Medicine, Endocrinology Section, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - C. Ciccacci
- UniCamillus, Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - A. Latini
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Genetics Section, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - P. Borgiani
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Genetics Section, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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13
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Fan B, Chopp M, Zhang ZG, Liu XS. Emerging Roles of microRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Diabetic Neuropathy. Front Neurol 2020; 11:558758. [PMID: 33192992 PMCID: PMC7642849 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.558758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is the most prevalent chronic complication of diabetes mellitus. The exact pathophysiological mechanisms of DN are unclear; however, communication network dysfunction among axons, Schwann cells, and the microvascular endothelium likely play an important role in the development of DN. Mounting evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) act as messengers that facilitate intercellular communication and may contribute to the pathogenesis of DN. Deregulation of miRNAs is among the initial molecular alterations observed in diabetics. As such, miRNAs hold promise as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In preclinical studies, miRNA-based treatment of DN has shown evidence of therapeutic potential. But this therapy has been hampered by miRNA instability, targeting specificity, and potential toxicities. Recent findings reveal that when packaged within extracellular vesicles, miRNAs are resistant to degradation, and their delivery efficiency and therapeutic potential is markedly enhanced. Here, we review the latest research progress on the roles of miRNAs as biomarkers and as potential clinical therapeutic targets in DN. We also discuss the promise of exosomal miRNAs as therapeutics and provide recommendations for future research on miRNA-based medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyan Fan
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Michael Chopp
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, United States
| | - Zheng Gang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Xian Shuang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States
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14
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Sun Q, Zeng J, Liu Y, Chen J, Zeng QC, Chen YQ, Tu LL, Chen P, Yang F, Zhang M. microRNA-9 and -29a regulate the progression of diabetic peripheral neuropathy via ISL1-mediated sonic hedgehog signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:11446-11465. [PMID: 32544883 PMCID: PMC7343507 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we tested the hypothesis that overexpression of miR-9 and miR-29a may contribute to DPN development and progression. We performed a meta-analysis of miR expression profile studies in human diabetes mellitus (DM) and the data suggested that miR-9 and miR-29a were highly expressed in patients with DM, which was further verified in serum samples collected from 30 patients diagnosed as DM. Besides, ISL1 was confirmed to be a target gene of miR-9 and miR-29a. Lentivirus-mediated forced expression of insulin gene enhancer binding protein-1 (ISL1) activated the sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway, increased motor nerve conduction velocity and threshold of nociception, and modulated expression of neurotrophic factors in sciatic nerves in rats with DM developed by intraperitoneal injection of 0.45% streptozotocin, suggesting that ISL1 could delay DM progression and promote neural regeneration and repair after sciatic nerve damage. However, lentivirus-mediated forced expression of miR-9 or miR-29a exacerbated DM and antagonized the beneficial effect of ISL1 on DPN. Collectively, this study revealed potential roles of miR-9 and miR-29a as contributors to DPN development through the SHH signaling pathway by binding to ISL1. Additionally, the results provided an experimental basis for the targeted intervention treatment of miR-9 and miR-29a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zeng
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - JingYan Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Cui Zeng
- Department of Geriatrics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Qiu Chen
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Chongqing Yubei, Chongqing 401120, P. R. China
| | - Li-Li Tu
- Department of Geriatrics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of General Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
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15
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Non-coding RNA regulators of diabetic polyneuropathy. Neurosci Lett 2020; 731:135058. [PMID: 32454150 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic polyneuropathy is a common and disturbing complication of diabetes mellitus, presenting patients and caregivers with a substantial disease burden. Emerging mechanisms which are underlying diabetes may provide novel pathways to understand diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN). Specifically, non-coding RNA molecules consisting of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated in the biological processes underlying DPN, and may link it to clinical spheres such as other metabolic and neural pathologies. Here, we elaborate on several candidate non-coding RNAs which may be associated with DPN via regulatory roles governing phenomena related to inflammatory, pain-provoking, and metabolic syndrome pathways. Specific examples include miRNAs such as miR-106a, -146a, -9, -29b, -466a, and -98; likewise, lncRNAs MIAT, PVT1, H19, MEG3, and MALAT1 are implicated, often co-affecting the involved pathways. Incorporating newly discovered regulators into what we know about specific clinical applications may highlight novel avenues for diagnosis, prevention, and intervention with DPN.
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16
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Wang D, Wang H, Gao H, Zhang H, Zhang H, Wang Q, Sun Z. P2X7 receptor mediates NLRP3 inflammasome activation in depression and diabetes. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:28. [PMID: 32166013 PMCID: PMC7059335 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00388-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of depression and diabetes mellitus has become a major public health problem worldwide. Studies have shown that people with diabetes are at a high risk of being diagnosed with depression, and diabetes complicates depression treatment by promoting the deterioration of glycemic control, reducing self-care ability and quality of life, and causing severe functional disability and early mortality. Moreover, health deterioration dramatically increases the financial cost of social and health care system. Thus, how to treat depression, diabetes, and diabetes complicated by depression has become one of the world’s urgent concerns. The activation of nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) is closely related to mental illness. This finding provides a new perspective for studying depression. NLRP3 plays an important role in the development of diabetes. In this review, we elaborate the definition and epidemiology of depression, diabetes, and diabetic depression and introduce the functional characteristics of an NLRP3 inflammasome and upstream P2X7 receptor. Moreover, related research on NLRP3 inflammasomes and P2X7 receptors is summarized and used as a reference for confirming that the excessive activation of P2X7- NLRP3 leads to the increased release of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, in depression and diabetes. We provide insights into the P2X7–NLRP3–IL-1β pathway as an important pathological mechanism and novel therapeutic target in diabetes and depression. Given that the P2X7–NLRP3–IL-1β pathway may play an important role in diabetes confounded by comorbid depression, the possibility of intervention with baicalin is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danwen Wang
- 1School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - Hui Wang
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Peixian People's Hospital, Hanyuan Avenue, Xuzhou, 221600 Jiangsu China
| | - Haixia Gao
- 1School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - Heng Zhang
- 1School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - Hua Zhang
- 1School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - Qiuling Wang
- 1School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - Zhiling Sun
- 1School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu China
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17
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Ni CM, Sun HP, Xu X, Ling BY, Jin H, Zhang YQ, Zhao ZQ, Cao H, Xu L. Spinal P2X7R contributes to streptozotocin-induced mechanical allodynia in mice. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2020; 21:155-165. [PMID: 32115912 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1900456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is a diabetes mellitus complication. Unfortunately, the mechanisms underlying PDN are still poorly understood. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-gated P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) plays a pivotal role in non-diabetic neuropathic pain, but little is known about its effects on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced peripheral neuropathy. Here, we explored whether spinal cord P2X7R was correlated with the generation of mechanical allodynia (MA) in STZ-induced type 1 diabetic neuropathy in mice. MA was assessed by measuring paw withdrawal thresholds and western blotting. Immunohistochemistry was applied to analyze the protein expression levels and localization of P2X7R. STZ-induced mice expressed increased P2X7R in the dorsal horn of the lumbar spinal cord during MA. Mice injected intrathecally with a selective antagonist of P2X7R and P2X7R knockout (KO) mice both presented attenuated progression of MA. Double-immunofluorescent labeling demonstrated that P2X7R-positive cells were mostly co-expressed with Iba1 (a microglia marker). Our results suggest that P2X7R plays an important role in the development of MA and could be used as a cellular target for treating PDN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ming Ni
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - He-Ping Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Kunshan First People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Bing-Yu Ling
- Department of Emergency, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Yu-Qiu Zhang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Qi Zhao
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hong Cao
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
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18
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Simeoli R, Fierabracci A. Insights into the Role of MicroRNAs in the Onset and Development of Diabetic Neuropathy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184627. [PMID: 31540445 PMCID: PMC6770207 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy is a serious complication of chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes patients. This complication can involve both peripheral sensorimotor and autonomic nervous system. The precise nature of injury to the peripheral nerves mediated by chronic hyperglycemia is unknown; however, several mechanisms have been proposed including polyol pathway activation, enhanced glycation of proteins and lipids, increased oxidative stress, and cytokine release in the site of injury. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that mediate RNA interference by post-transcriptionally modulating gene expression and protein synthesis. Therefore, they have been implicated in several developmental, physiological, and pathophysiological processes where they modulate the expression of different proteins. Recently, miRNAs gained an increasing attention also for their role as diagnostic test in many diseases due to their stability in serum and their easy detection. Furthermore, recent studies suggest that miRNAs may be involved in diabetic neuropathy although their role in the onset and the development of this complication is not fully understood. In this review, we discuss the most recent literature providing evidence for miRNAs role in diabetic neuropathy opening new pathways to improve both early diagnosis and treatment of this complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Simeoli
- Infectivology and Clinical Trials Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Fierabracci
- Infectivology and Clinical Trials Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy.
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19
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Xourgia E, Papazafiropoulou A, Melidonis A. Circulating microRNAs as biomarkers for diabetic neuropathy: A novel approach. World J Exp Med 2018; 8:18-23. [PMID: 30596030 PMCID: PMC6305524 DOI: 10.5493/wjem.v8.i3.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress stemming from tissue exposure to constant hyperglycemia is one of the major pathogenetic pathways of diabetic macro- and microvascular complications. Diabetic polyneuropathy, commonly manifesting as distal, symmetrical sensorimotor polyneuropathy, is characterized by progressive severity of symptoms, with rates analogous to the quality of glycemic control achieved by the patients and physicians. Palliative care with analgesics and aggressive glycemic control often improve quality of life in the absence of causative treatment. Currently, there is a growing body of evidence indicating the role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, with emphasis on diabetic nephropathy and neuropathy. Therefore, in this review, we aim to explore the role of microRNAs and their polymorphisms in the pathophysiology of diabetic polyneuropathy, as well as, the possibility of novel diagnostic and therapeutic applications by epigenetic profiling and manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Xourgia
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetes Center, Tzaneio General Hospital of Piraeus, Athens 18536, Greece
| | - Athanasia Papazafiropoulou
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetes Center, Tzaneio General Hospital of Piraeus, Athens 18536, Greece
| | - Andreas Melidonis
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetes Center, Tzaneio General Hospital of Piraeus, Athens 18536, Greece
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20
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Fan L, Zhang H, Li X, Yang G, Ru J, Liu T. RETRACTED: Emodin protects hyperglycemia-induced injury in PC-12 cells by up-regulation of miR-9. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 474:194-200. [PMID: 29577942 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editors. Given the comments of Dr Elisabeth Bik regarding this article “… the Western blot bands in all 400+ papers are all very regularly spaced and have a smooth appearance in the shape of a dumbbell or tadpole, without any of the usual smudges or stains. All bands are placed on similar looking backgrounds, suggesting they were copy/pasted from other sources, or computer generated”, the journal requested the authors to provide the raw data. However, the authors were not able to fulfil this request and therefore the Editors decided to retract the article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Fan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Huifeng Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Xiaobin Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Jingtao Ru
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
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21
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Zhao L, Dong M, Wang D, Ren M, Zheng Y, Zheng H, Li C, Gao H. Characteristic Metabolic Alterations Identified in Primary Neurons Under High Glucose Exposure. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:207. [PMID: 30065632 PMCID: PMC6056731 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction is a central nervous system (CNS) complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) that is characterized by impaired memory and cognitive ability. An in-depth understanding of metabolic alterations in the brain associated with DM will facilitate our understanding of the pathogenesis of cognitive dysfunction. The present study used an in vitro culture of primary neurons in a high-glucose (HG) environment to investigate characteristic alterations in neuron metabolism using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabonomics. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was also used to measure changes in the adenosine phosphate levels in the hippocampal regions of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Our results revealed significant elevations in phosphocholine and ATP production in neurons and decreased formate, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), tyrosine, methionine, acetate and phenylalanine levels after HG treatment. However, the significant changes in lactate, glutamate, taurine and myo-inositol levels in astrocytes we defined previously in astrocytes, were not found in neurons, suggested cell-specific metabolic alterations. We also confirmed an astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle between different compartments in the brain under HG conditions, which was accompanied by abnormal acetate transport. These alterations reveal specific information on the metabolite levels and transport processes related to neurons under diabetic conditions. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the metabolic alterations and underlying pathogenesis of cognitive decline in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangcai Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Minjian Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mengqian Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yongquan Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, Medicine of School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongchang Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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22
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Cisneros-Mejorado A, Gottlieb M, Ruiz A, Chara JC, Pérez-Samartín A, Marambaud P, Matute C. Blockade and knock-out of CALHM1 channels attenuate ischemic brain damage. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2018; 38:1060-1069. [PMID: 28597712 PMCID: PMC5999001 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x17713587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Overactivation of purinergic receptors during cerebral ischemia results in a massive release of neurotransmitters, including adenosine triphosphate (ATP), to the extracellular space which leads to cell death. Some hypothetical pathways of ATP release are large ion channels, such as calcium homeostasis modulator 1 (CALHM1), a membrane ion channel that can permeate ATP. Since this transmitter contributes to postischemic brain damage, we hypothesized that CALHM1 activation may be a relevant target to attenuate stroke injury. Here, we analyzed the contribution of CALHM1 to postanoxic depolarization after ischemia in cultured neurons and in cortical slices. We observed that the onset of postanoxic currents in neurons in those preparations was delayed after its blockade with ruthenium red or silencing of Calhm1 gene by short hairpin RNA, as well as in slices from CALHM1 knockout mice. Subsequently, we used transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and found that ruthenium red, a blocker of CALHM1, or the lack of CALHM1, substantially attenuated the motor symptoms and reduced significantly the infarct volume. These results show that CALHM1 channels mediate postanoxic depolarization in neurons and brain damage after ischemia. Therefore, targeting CALHM1 may have a high therapeutic potential for treating brain damage after ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Cisneros-Mejorado
- 1 Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Departamento de Neurociencias and CIBERNED, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,2 Neurotek-UPV/EHU, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Zamudio, Spain
| | - Miroslav Gottlieb
- 1 Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Departamento de Neurociencias and CIBERNED, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,3 Institute of Neurobiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Asier Ruiz
- 1 Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Departamento de Neurociencias and CIBERNED, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,2 Neurotek-UPV/EHU, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Zamudio, Spain
| | - Juan C Chara
- 1 Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Departamento de Neurociencias and CIBERNED, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,2 Neurotek-UPV/EHU, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Zamudio, Spain
| | - Alberto Pérez-Samartín
- 1 Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Departamento de Neurociencias and CIBERNED, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,2 Neurotek-UPV/EHU, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Zamudio, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Matute
- 1 Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Departamento de Neurociencias and CIBERNED, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,2 Neurotek-UPV/EHU, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Zamudio, Spain
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23
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Burnstock G, Knight GE. The potential of P2X7 receptors as a therapeutic target, including inflammation and tumour progression. Purinergic Signal 2018; 14:1-18. [PMID: 29164451 PMCID: PMC5842154 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-017-9593-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven P2X ion channel nucleotide receptor subtypes have been cloned and characterised. P2X7 receptors (P2X7R) are unusual in that there are extra amino acids in the intracellular C terminus. Low concentrations of ATP open cation channels sometimes leading to cell proliferation, whereas high concentrations of ATP open large pores that release inflammatory cytokines and can lead to apoptotic cell death. Since many diseases involve inflammation and immune responses, and the P2X7R regulates inflammation, there has been recent interest in the pathophysiological roles of P2X7R and the potential of P2X7R antagonists to treat a variety of diseases. These include neurodegenerative diseases, psychiatric disorders, epilepsy and a number of diseases of peripheral organs, including the cardiovascular, airways, kidney, liver, bladder, skin and musculoskeletal. The potential of P2X7R drugs to treat tumour progression is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Burnstock
- Autonomic Neuroscience Centre, University College Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Gillian E Knight
- Autonomic Neuroscience Centre, University College Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK
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24
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Zhang X, Fu Y, Li H, Shen L, Chang Q, Pan L, Hong S, Yin X. H3 relaxin inhibits the collagen synthesis via ROS- and P2X7R-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation in cardiac fibroblasts under high glucose. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:1816-1825. [PMID: 29314607 PMCID: PMC5824385 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and P2X7R activation induced by high glucose increases NLRP3 inflammasome activation, which contributes to the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Although H3 relaxin has been shown to inhibit cardiac fibrosis induced by isoproterenol, the mechanism has not been well studied. Here, we demonstrated that high glucose (HG) induced the collagen synthesis by activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to caspase‐1 activation, interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) and IL‐18 secretion in neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts. Moreover, we used a high‐glucose model with neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts and showed that the activation of ROS and P2X7R was augmented and that ROS‐ and P2X7R‐mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation was critical for the collagen synthesis. Inhibition of ROS and P2X7R decreased NLRP3 inflammasome‐mediated collagen synthesis, similar to the effects of H3 relaxin. Furthermore, H3 relaxin reduced the collagen synthesis via ROS‐ and P2X7R‐mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation in response to HG. These results provide a mechanism by which H3 relaxin alleviates NLRP3 inflammasome‐mediated collagen synthesis through the inhibition of ROS and P2X7R under HG conditions and suggest that H3 relaxin represents a potential drug for alleviating cardiac fibrosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhang
- The Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Fu
- The Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Li
- The Department of Cardiology, The Fifth hospital of Harbin, Harbin, China
| | - Li Shen
- The Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qing Chang
- The Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Liya Pan
- The Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Siting Hong
- The Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinhua Yin
- The Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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25
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Burnstock G. Purinergic Signalling: Therapeutic Developments. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:661. [PMID: 28993732 PMCID: PMC5622197 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purinergic signalling, i.e., the role of nucleotides as extracellular signalling molecules, was proposed in 1972. However, this concept was not well accepted until the early 1990's when receptor subtypes for purines and pyrimidines were cloned and characterised, which includes four subtypes of the P1 (adenosine) receptor, seven subtypes of P2X ion channel receptors and 8 subtypes of the P2Y G protein-coupled receptor. Early studies were largely concerned with the physiology, pharmacology and biochemistry of purinergic signalling. More recently, the focus has been on the pathophysiology and therapeutic potential. There was early recognition of the use of P1 receptor agonists for the treatment of supraventricular tachycardia and A2A receptor antagonists are promising for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Clopidogrel, a P2Y12 antagonist, is widely used for the treatment of thrombosis and stroke, blocking P2Y12 receptor-mediated platelet aggregation. Diquafosol, a long acting P2Y2 receptor agonist, is being used for the treatment of dry eye. P2X3 receptor antagonists have been developed that are orally bioavailable and stable in vivo and are currently in clinical trials for the treatment of chronic cough, bladder incontinence, visceral pain and hypertension. Antagonists to P2X7 receptors are being investigated for the treatment of inflammatory disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases. Other investigations are in progress for the use of purinergic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis, myocardial infarction, irritable bowel syndrome, epilepsy, atherosclerosis, depression, autism, diabetes, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Burnstock
- Autonomic Neuroscience Centre, University College Medical SchoolLondon, United Kingdom
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, MelbourneVIC, Australia
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26
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Sharma S, Mathew AB, Chugh J. miRNAs: Nanomachines That Micromanage the Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus. Adv Clin Chem 2017; 82:199-264. [PMID: 28939211 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a combination of heterogeneous complex metabolic disorders that are associated with episodes of hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance occurring as a result of defects in insulin secretion, action, or both. The prevalence of DM is increasing at an alarming rate, and there exists a need to develop better therapeutics and prognostic markers for earlier detection and diagnosis. In this review, after giving a brief introduction of diabetes mellitus and microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis pathway, we first describe various in vitro and animal model systems that have been developed to study diabetes. Further, we elaborate on the significant roles played by miRNAs as regulators of gene expression in the context of development of diabetes and its secondary complications. The different approaches to quantify miRNAs and their potential to be used as therapeutic targets for alleviation of diabetes have also been discussed.
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