1
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Alotaibi BS, Abdel-Rahman Mohamed A, Abd-Elhakim YM, Noreldin AE, Elhamouly M, Khamis T, El-Far AH, Alosaimi ME, Dahran N, Alqahtani LS, Nicotra M, El-Gamal M, Di Cerbo A. Exploring the link between pyrethroids exposure and dopaminergic degeneration through morphometric, immunofluorescence, and in-silico approaches: the therapeutic role of chitosan-encapsulated curcumin nanoparticles. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1388784. [PMID: 38751787 PMCID: PMC11094265 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1388784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The synthetic pyrethroid derivative fenpropathrin (FNE), a commonly used insecticide, has been associated with various toxic effects in mammals, particularly neurotoxicity. The study addressed the hallmarks of the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease upon oral exposure to fenpropathrin (FNE), mainly the alteration of dopaminergic markers, oxidative stress, and molecular docking in rat models. In addition, the protective effect of curcumin-encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles (CRM-Chs-NPs) was also assessed. Methods: In a 60-day trial, 40 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups: Control, CRM-Chs-NPs (curcumin-encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles), FNE (15 mg/kg bw), and FNE + CRM-Chs-NPs. Results: FNE exposure induced reactive oxygen species generation, ATP production disruption, activation of inflammatory and apoptotic pathways, mitochondrial function and dynamics impairment, neurotransmitter level perturbation, and mitophagy promotion in rat brains. Molecular docking analysis revealed that FNE interacts with key binding sites of dopamine synthesis and transport proteins. On the other hand, CRM-Chs-NPs mitigated FNE's toxic effects by enhancing mitochondrial dynamics, antioxidant activity, and ATP production and promoting anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic responses. Conclusion: In summary, FNE appears to induce dopaminergic degeneration through various mechanisms, and CRM-Chs-NPs emerged as a potential therapeutic intervention for protecting the nervous tissue microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badriyah S. Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amany Abdel-Rahman Mohamed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Yasmina M. Abd-Elhakim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E. Noreldin
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Moustafa Elhamouly
- Cytology and Histology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Tarek Khamis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ali H. El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Manal E. Alosaimi
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naief Dahran
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leena S. Alqahtani
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mario Nicotra
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Matelica, Italy
| | - Mohamed El-Gamal
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, New Mansoura University, New Mansoura City, Egypt
| | - Alessandro Di Cerbo
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Matelica, Italy
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2
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Bai Y, Bentley L, Ma C, Naveenan N, Cleak J, Wu Y, Simon MM, Westerberg H, Cañas RC, Horner N, Pandey R, Paphiti K, Schulze U, Mianné J, Hough T, Teboul L, de Baaij JH, Cox RD. Cleft palate and minor metabolic disturbances in a mouse global Arl15 gene knockout. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23211. [PMID: 37773757 PMCID: PMC10631251 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201918r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
ARL15, a small GTPase protein, was linked to metabolic traits in association studies. We aimed to test the Arl15 gene as a functional candidate for metabolic traits in the mouse. CRISPR/Cas9 germline knockout (KO) of Arl15 showed that homozygotes were postnatal lethal and exhibited a complete cleft palate (CP). Also, decreased cell migration was observed from Arl15 KO mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). Metabolic phenotyping of heterozygotes showed that females had reduced fat mass on a chow diet from 14 weeks of age. Mild body composition phenotypes were also observed in heterozygous mice on a high-fat diet (HFD)/low-fat diet (LFD). Females on a HFD showed reduced body weight, gonadal fat depot weight and brown adipose tissue (BAT) weight. In contrast, in the LFD group, females showed increased bone mineral density (BMD), while males showed a trend toward reduced BMD. Clinical biochemistry analysis of plasma on HFD showed transient lower adiponectin at 20 weeks of age in females. Urinary and plasma Mg2+ concentrations were not significantly different. Our phenotyping data showed that Arl15 is essential for craniofacial development. Adult metabolic phenotyping revealed potential roles in brown adipose tissue and bone development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Bai
- Mammalian Genetics Unit and Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell Institute, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Liz Bentley
- Mammalian Genetics Unit and Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell Institute, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - James Cleak
- Mammalian Genetics Unit and Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell Institute, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Yixing Wu
- Mammalian Genetics Unit and Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell Institute, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Michelle M Simon
- Mammalian Genetics Unit and Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell Institute, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Henrik Westerberg
- Mammalian Genetics Unit and Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell Institute, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Ramón Casero Cañas
- Mammalian Genetics Unit and Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell Institute, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Neil Horner
- Mammalian Genetics Unit and Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell Institute, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Rajesh Pandey
- Mammalian Genetics Unit and Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell Institute, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Keanu Paphiti
- Mammalian Genetics Unit and Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell Institute, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RD, UK
| | | | - Joffrey Mianné
- Mammalian Genetics Unit and Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell Institute, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Tertius Hough
- Mammalian Genetics Unit and Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell Institute, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Lydia Teboul
- Mammalian Genetics Unit and Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell Institute, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Jeroen H.F. de Baaij
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roger D. Cox
- Mammalian Genetics Unit and Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell Institute, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RD, UK
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3
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Raj S, Sifuentes CJ, Kyono Y, Denver RJ. Metamorphic gene regulation programs in Xenopus tropicalis tadpole brain. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287858. [PMID: 37384728 PMCID: PMC10310023 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Amphibian metamorphosis is controlled by thyroid hormone (TH), which binds TH receptors (TRs) to regulate gene expression programs that underlie morphogenesis. Gene expression screens using tissues from premetamorphic tadpoles treated with TH identified some TH target genes, but few studies have analyzed genome-wide changes in gene regulation during spontaneous metamorphosis. We analyzed RNA sequencing data at four developmental stages from the beginning to the end of spontaneous metamorphosis, conducted on the neuroendocrine centers of Xenopus tropicalis tadpole brain. We also conducted chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) for TRs, and we compared gene expression changes during metamorphosis with those induced by exogenous TH. The mRNA levels of 26% of protein coding genes changed during metamorphosis; about half were upregulated and half downregulated. Twenty four percent of genes whose mRNA levels changed during metamorphosis had TR ChIP-seq peaks. Genes involved with neural cell differentiation, cell physiology, synaptogenesis and cell-cell signaling were upregulated, while genes involved with cell cycle, protein synthesis, and neural stem/progenitor cell homeostasis were downregulated. There is a shift from building neural structures early in the metamorphic process, to the differentiation and maturation of neural cells and neural signaling pathways characteristic of the adult frog brain. Only half of the genes modulated by treatment of premetamorphic tadpoles with TH for 16 h changed expression during metamorphosis; these represented 33% of the genes whose mRNA levels changed during metamorphosis. Taken together, our results provide a foundation for understanding the molecular basis for metamorphosis of tadpole brain, and they highlight potential caveats for interpreting gene regulation changes in premetamorphic tadpoles induced by exogenous TH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samhitha Raj
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Christopher J. Sifuentes
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Yasuhiro Kyono
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Robert J. Denver
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
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4
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Heparin Protects Human Neural Progenitor Cells from Zika Virus-Induced Cell Death While Preserving Their Differentiation into Mature Neuroglial Cells. J Virol 2022; 96:e0112222. [PMID: 36121298 PMCID: PMC9555206 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01122-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arbovirus member of the Flaviviridae family that causes severe congenital brain anomalies in infected fetuses. The key target cells of ZIKV infection, human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs), are highly permissive to infection that causes the inhibition of cell proliferation and induces cell death. We have previously shown that pharmaceutical-grade heparin inhibits virus-induced cell death with negligible effects on in vitro virus replication in ZIKV-infected hNPCs at the “high” multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1. Here, we show that heparin inhibits formation of ZIKV-induced intracellular vacuoles, a signature of paraptosis, and inhibits necrosis and apoptosis of hNPCs grown as neurospheres (NS). To test whether heparin preserved the differentiation of ZIKV-infected hNPCs into neuroglial cells, hNPCs were infected at the MOI of 0.001. In this experimental condition, heparin inhibited ZIKV replication by ca. 2 log10, mostly interfering with virion attachment, while maintaining its protective effect against ZIKV-induced cytopathicity. Heparin preserved differentiation into neuroglial cells of hNPCs that were obtained from either human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) or by fetal tissue. Quite surprisingly, multiple additions of heparin to hNPCs enabled prolonged virus replication while preventing virus-induced cytopathicity. Collectively, these results highlight the potential neuroprotective effect of heparin that could serve as a lead compound to develop novel agents for preventing the damage of ZIKV infection on the developing brain. IMPORTANCE ZIKV is a neurotropic virus that invades neural progenitor cells (NPCs), causing inhibition of their proliferation and maturation into neurons and glial cells. We have shown previously that heparin, an anticoagulant also used widely during pregnancy, prevents ZIKV-induced cell death with negligible inhibition of virus replication. Here, we demonstrate that heparin also exerts antiviral activity against ZIKV replication using a much lower infectious inoculum. Moreover, heparin interferes with different modalities of virus-induced cell death. Finally, heparin-induced prevention of virus-induced NPC death allows their differentiation into neuroglial cells despite the intracellular accumulation of virions. These results highlight the potential use of heparin, or pharmacological agents derived from it, in pregnant women to prevent the devastating effects of ZIKV infection on the developing brain of their fetuses.
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5
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Hernandez S, Serrano AG, Solis Soto LM. The Role of Nerve Fibers in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment of Solid Tumors. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2022; 6:e2200046. [PMID: 35751462 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The importance of neurons and nerve fibers in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of solid tumors is now acknowledged after being unexplored for a long time; this is possible due to the development of new technologies that allow in situ characterization of the TME. Recent studies have shown that the density and types of nerves that innervate tumors can predict a patient's clinical outcome and drive several processes of tumor biology. Nowadays, several efforts in cancer research and neuroscience are taking place to elucidate the mechanisms that drive tumor-associated innervation and nerve-tumor and nerve-immune interaction. Assessment of neurons and nerves within the context of the TME can be performed in situ, in tumor tissue, using several pathology-based strategies that utilize histochemical and immunohistochemistry principles, hi-plex technologies, and computational pathology approaches to identify measurable histopathological characteristics of nerves. These features include the number and type of tumor associated nerves, topographical location and microenvironment of neural invasion of malignant cells, and investigation of neuro-related biomarker expression in nerves, tumor cells, and cells of the TME. A deeper understanding of these complex interactions and the impact of nerves in tumor biology will guide the design of better strategies for targeted therapy in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharia Hernandez
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 2130 West Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Alejandra G Serrano
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 2130 West Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Luisa M Solis Soto
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 2130 West Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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6
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Donnard E, Shu H, Garber M. Single cell transcriptomics reveals dysregulated cellular and molecular networks in a fragile X syndrome model. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010221. [PMID: 35675353 PMCID: PMC9212148 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in understanding the pathophysiology of Fragile X syndrome (FXS), its molecular basis is still poorly understood. Whole brain tissue expression profiles have proved surprisingly uninformative, therefore we applied single cell RNA sequencing to profile an FMRP deficient mouse model with higher resolution. We found that the absence of FMRP results in highly cell type specific gene expression changes that are strongest among specific neuronal types, where FMRP-bound mRNAs were prominently downregulated. Metabolic pathways including translation and respiration are significantly upregulated across most cell types with the notable exception of excitatory neurons. These effects point to a potential difference in the activity of mTOR pathways, and together with other dysregulated pathways, suggest an excitatory-inhibitory imbalance in the Fmr1-knock out cortex that is exacerbated by astrocytes. Our data demonstrate that FMRP loss affects abundance of key cellular communication genes that potentially affect neuronal synapses and provide a resource for interrogating the biological basis of this disorder. Fragile X syndrome is a leading genetic cause of inherited intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. It results from the inactivation of a single gene, FMR1 and hence the loss of its encoded protein FMRP. Despite decades of intensive research, we still lack an overview of the molecular and biological consequences of the disease. Using single cell RNA sequencing, we profiled cells from the brain of healthy mice and of knock-out mice lacking the FMRP protein, a common model for this disease, to identify molecular changes that happen across different cell types. We find neurons are the most impacted cell type, where genes in multiple pathways are similarly impacted. This includes transcripts known to be bound by FMRP, which are collectively decreased only in neurons but not in other cell types. Our results show how the loss of FMRP affects the intricate interactions between different brain cell types, which could provide new perspectives to the development of therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Donnard
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ED); (HS); (MG)
| | - Huan Shu
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ED); (HS); (MG)
| | - Manuel Garber
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ED); (HS); (MG)
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7
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Abstract
More than 27 yr ago, the vimentin knockout (Vim-/- ) mouse was reported to develop and reproduce without an obvious phenotype, implying that this major cytoskeletal protein was nonessential. Subsequently, comprehensive and careful analyses have revealed numerous phenotypes in Vim-/- mice and their organs, tissues, and cells, frequently reflecting altered responses in the recovery of tissues following various insults or injuries. These findings have been supported by cell-based experiments demonstrating that vimentin intermediate filaments (IFs) play a critical role in regulating cell mechanics and are required to coordinate mechanosensing, transduction, signaling pathways, motility, and inflammatory responses. This review highlights the essential functions of vimentin IFs revealed from studies of Vim-/- mice and cells derived from them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Ridge
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - John E Eriksson
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Åbo Akademi University, FIN-20521 Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FIN-20521 Turku, Finland
- Euro-Bioimaging European Research Infrastructure Consortium (ERIC), FIN-20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Milos Pekny
- Laboratory of Astrocyte Biology and CNS Regeneration, Center for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales 2300, Australia
| | - Robert D Goldman
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
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8
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Ma L, Du Y, Hui Y, Li N, Fan B, Zhang X, Li X, Hong W, Wu Z, Zhang S, Zhou S, Xu X, Zhou Z, Jiang C, Liu L, Zhang X. Developmental programming and lineage branching of early human telencephalon. EMBO J 2021; 40:e107277. [PMID: 34558085 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020107277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The dorsal and ventral human telencephalons contain different neuronal subtypes, including glutamatergic, GABAergic, and cholinergic neurons, and how these neurons are generated during early development is not well understood. Using scRNA-seq and stringent validations, we reveal here a developmental roadmap for human telencephalic neurons. Both dorsal and ventral telencephalic radial glial cells (RGs) differentiate into neurons via dividing intermediate progenitor cells (IPCs_div) and early postmitotic neuroblasts (eNBs). The transcription factor ASCL1 plays a key role in promoting fate transition from RGs to IPCs_div in both regions. RGs from the regionalized neuroectoderm show heterogeneity, with restricted glutamatergic, GABAergic, and cholinergic differentiation potencies. During neurogenesis, IPCs_div gradually exit the cell cycle and branch into sister eNBs to generate distinct neuronal subtypes. Our findings highlight a general RGs-IPCs_div-eNBs developmental scheme for human telencephalic progenitors and support that the major neuronal fates of human telencephalon are predetermined during dorsoventral regionalization with neuronal diversity being further shaped during neurogenesis and neural circuit integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ma
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanhua Du
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Hui
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Li
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Beibei Fan
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaocui Li
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Hong
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiping Wu
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuwei Zhang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Zhou
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangjie Xu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongshu Zhou
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Cizhong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Brain and Spinal Cord Innovative Research Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Tsingtao Advanced Research Institute, Tongji University, Qingdao, China
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9
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Li Y, Zhang LN, Chong L, Liu Y, Xi FY, Zhang H, Duan XL. Prenatal ethanol exposure impairs the formation of radial glial fibers and promotes the transformation of GFAPδ‑positive radial glial cells into astrocytes. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:274. [PMID: 33576465 PMCID: PMC7893684 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During embryonic cortical development, radial glial cells (RGCs) are the major source of neurons, and these also serve as a supportive scaffold to guide neuronal migration. Similar to Vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is one of the major intermediate filament proteins present in glial cells. Previous studies confirmed that prenatal ethanol exposure (PEE) significantly affected the levels of GFAP and increased the disassembly of radial glial fibers. GFAPδ is a variant of GFAP that is specifically expressed in RGCs; however, to the best of our knowledge, there are no reports regarding how PEE influences its expression during cortical development. In the present study, the effects of PEE on the expression and distribution of GFAPδ during early cortical development were assessed. It was found that PEE significantly decreased the expression levels of GFAP and GFAPδ. Using double immunostaining, GFAPδ was identified to be specifically expressed in apical and basal RGCs, and was co‑localized with other intermediate filament proteins, such as GFAP, Nestin and Vimentin. Additionally, PEE significantly affected the morphology of radial glial fibers and altered the behavior of RGCs. The loss of GFAPδ accelerated the transformation of RGCs into astrocytes. Using co‑immunostaining with Ki67 or phospho‑histone H3, GFAPδ+ cells were observed to be proliferative or mitotic cells, and ethanol treatment significantly decreased the proliferative or mitotic activities of GFAPδ+ RGCs. Taken together, the results suggested that PEE altered the expression patterns of GFAPδ and impaired the development of radial glial fibers and RGC behavior. The results of the present study provided evidence that GFAPδ may be a promising target to rescue the damage induced by PEE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital and The Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
- Shaanxi Center for Models of Clinical Medicine in International Cooperation of Science and Technology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital and The Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Li-Na Zhang
- The Third Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital and The Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Li Chong
- The Third Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital and The Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Yue Liu
- The Third Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital and The Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Feng-Yu Xi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital and The Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital and The Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Long Duan
- Shaanxi Center for Models of Clinical Medicine in International Cooperation of Science and Technology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital and The Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital and The Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
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10
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Pushchina EV, Stukaneva ME, Varaksin AA. Hydrogen Sulfide Modulates Adult and Reparative Neurogenesis in the Cerebellum of Juvenile Masu Salmon, Oncorhynchus masou. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249638. [PMID: 33348868 PMCID: PMC7766854 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish are a convenient model for the study of reparative and post-traumatic processes of central nervous system (CNS) recovery, because the formation of new cells in their CNS continues throughout life. After a traumatic injury to the cerebellum of juvenile masu salmon, Oncorhynchus masou, the cell composition of the neurogenic zones containing neural stem cells (NSCs)/neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in the acute period (two days post-injury) changes. The presence of neuroepithelial (NE) and radial glial (RG) neuronal precursors located in the dorsal, lateral, and basal zones of the cerebellar body was shown by the immunohistochemical (IHC) labeling of glutamine synthetase (GS). Progenitors of both types are sources of neurons in the cerebellum of juvenile O. masou during constitutive growth, thus, playing an important role in CNS homeostasis and neuronal plasticity during ontogenesis. Precursors with the RG phenotype were found in the same regions of the molecular layer as part of heterogeneous constitutive neurogenic niches. The presence of neuroepithelial and radial glia GS+ cells indicates a certain proportion of embryonic and adult progenitors and, obviously, different contributions of these cells to constitutive and reparative neurogenesis in the acute post-traumatic period. Expression of nestin and vimentin was revealed in neuroepithelial cerebellar progenitors of juvenile O. masou. Patterns of granular expression of these markers were found in neurogenic niches and adjacent areas, which probably indicates the neurotrophic and proneurogenic effects of vimentin and nestin in constitutive and post-traumatic neurogenesis and a high level of constructive metabolism. No expression of vimentin and nestin was detected in the cerebellar RG of juvenile O. masou. Thus, the molecular markers of NSCs/NPCs in the cerebellum of juvenile O. masou are as follows: vimentin, nestin, and glutamine synthetase label NE cells in intact animals and in the post-traumatic period, while GS expression is present in the RG of intact animals and decreases in the acute post-traumatic period. A study of distribution of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) in the cerebellum of intact young O. masou showed the expression of the marker mainly in type 1 cells, corresponding to NSCs/NCPs for other molecular markers. In the post-traumatic period, the number of CBS+ cells sharply increased, which indicates the involvement of H2S in the post-traumatic response. Induction of CBS in type 3 cells indicates the involvement of H2S in the metabolism of extracellular glutamate in the cerebellum, a decrease in the production of reactive oxygen species, and also arrest of the oxidative stress development, a weakening of the toxic effects of glutamate, and a reduction in excitotoxicity. The obtained results allow us to consider H2S as a biologically active substance, the numerous known effects of which can be supplemented by participation in the processes of constitutive neurogenesis and neuronal regeneration.
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11
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Sjöqvist M, Antfolk D, Suarez-Rodriguez F, Sahlgren C. From structural resilience to cell specification - Intermediate filaments as regulators of cell fate. FASEB J 2020; 35:e21182. [PMID: 33205514 PMCID: PMC7839487 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001627r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
During the last decades intermediate filaments (IFs) have emerged as important regulators of cellular signaling events, ascribing IFs with functions beyond the structural support they provide. The organ and developmental stage‐specific expression of IFs regulate cell differentiation within developing or remodeling tissues. Lack of IFs causes perturbed stem cell differentiation in vasculature, intestine, nervous system, and mammary gland, in transgenic mouse models. The aberrant cell fate decisions are caused by deregulation of different stem cell signaling pathways, such as Notch, Wnt, YAP/TAZ, and TGFβ. Mutations in genes coding for IFs cause an array of different diseases, many related to stem cell dysfunction, but the molecular mechanisms remain unresolved. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of how IFs interact with and regulate the activity, localization and function of different signaling proteins in stem cells, and how the assembly state and PTM profile of IFs may affect these processes. Identifying when, where and how IFs and cell signaling congregate, will expand our understanding of IF‐linked stem cell dysfunction during development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Sjöqvist
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Daniel Antfolk
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Freddy Suarez-Rodriguez
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Cecilia Sahlgren
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
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12
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Abstract
Vimentin is one of the first cytoplasmic intermediate filaments to be expressed in mammalian cells during embryogenesis, but its role in cellular fitness has long been a mystery. Vimentin is acknowledged to play a role in cell stiffness, cell motility, and cytoplasmic organization, yet it is widely considered to be dispensable for cellular function and organismal development. Here, we show that Vimentin plays a role in cellular stress response in differentiating cells, by recruiting aggregates, stress granules, and RNA-binding proteins, directing their elimination and asymmetric partitioning. In the absence of Vimentin, pluripotent embryonic stem cells fail to differentiate properly, with a pronounced deficiency in neuronal differentiation. Our results uncover a novel function for Vimentin, with important implications for development, tissue homeostasis, and in particular, stress response.
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13
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Cellular Prion Protein (PrPc): Putative Interacting Partners and Consequences of the Interaction. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197058. [PMID: 32992764 PMCID: PMC7583789 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular prion protein (PrPc) is a small glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored protein most abundantly found in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane (PM) in the central nervous system (CNS). PrPc misfolding causes neurodegenerative prion diseases in the CNS. PrPc interacts with a wide range of protein partners because of the intrinsically disordered nature of the protein’s N-terminus. Numerous studies have attempted to decipher the physiological role of the prion protein by searching for proteins which interact with PrPc. Biochemical characteristics and biological functions both appear to be affected by interacting protein partners. The key challenge in identifying a potential interacting partner is to demonstrate that binding to a specific ligand is necessary for cellular physiological function or malfunction. In this review, we have summarized the intracellular and extracellular interacting partners of PrPc and potential consequences of their binding. We also briefly describe prion disease-related mutations at the end of this review.
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14
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Morrow CS, Porter TJ, Xu N, Arndt ZP, Ako-Asare K, Heo HJ, Thompson EAN, Moore DL. Vimentin Coordinates Protein Turnover at the Aggresome during Neural Stem Cell Quiescence Exit. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 26:558-568.e9. [PMID: 32109376 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining a healthy proteome throughout life is critical for proper somatic stem cell function, but the complexities of the stem cell response to increases in damaged or aggregated proteins remain unclear. Here we demonstrate that adult neural stem cells (NSCs) utilize aggresomes to recover from disrupted proteostasis and describe a novel function for the intermediate filament vimentin in proteostasis as a spatial coordinator of proteasomes to the aggresome. In the absence of vimentin, NSCs have a reduced capacity to exit quiescence, a time when NSCs are required to clear a wave of aggregated proteins, and demonstrate an early age-dependent decline in proliferation and neurogenesis. Taken together, these data reveal a significant role of vimentin and aggresomes in the regulation of proteostasis during quiescent NSC activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Morrow
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Tiaira J Porter
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Nan Xu
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Zachary P Arndt
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Kayla Ako-Asare
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Helen J Heo
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | | | - Darcie L Moore
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
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15
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Cogné B, Bouameur JE, Hayot G, Latypova X, Pattabiraman S, Caillaud A, Si-Tayeb K, Besnard T, Küry S, Chariau C, Gaignerie A, David L, Bordure P, Kaganovich D, Bézieau S, Golzio C, Magin TM, Isidor B. A dominant vimentin variant causes a rare syndrome with premature aging. Eur J Hum Genet 2020; 28:1218-1230. [PMID: 32066935 PMCID: PMC7609319 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-020-0583-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Progeroid syndromes are a group of rare genetic disorders, which mimic natural aging. Unraveling the molecular defects in such conditions could impact our understanding of age-related syndromes such as Alzheimer’s or cardiovascular diseases. Here we report a de novo heterozygous missense variant in the intermediate filament vimentin (c.1160 T > C; p.(Leu387Pro)) causing a multisystem disorder associated with frontonasal dysostosis and premature aging in a 39-year-old individual. Human vimentin p.(Leu387Pro) expression in zebrafish perturbed body fat distribution, and craniofacial and peripheral nervous system development. In addition, studies in patient-derived and transfected cells revealed that the variant affects vimentin turnover and its ability to form filaments in the absence of wild-type vimentin. Vimentin p.(Leu387Pro) expression diminished the amount of peripilin and reduced lipid accumulation in differentiating adipocytes, recapitulating key patient’s features in vivo and in vitro. Our data highlight the function of vimentin during development and suggest its contribution to natural aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Cogné
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093, Nantes, France.,Université de Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Jamal-Eddine Bouameur
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gaëlle Hayot
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Xenia Latypova
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093, Nantes, France.,Université de Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Sundararaghavan Pattabiraman
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Walweg 33, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Amandine Caillaud
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Karim Si-Tayeb
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Thomas Besnard
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093, Nantes, France.,Université de Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Sébastien Küry
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093, Nantes, France.,Université de Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Caroline Chariau
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, FED 4203, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Anne Gaignerie
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, FED 4203, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Laurent David
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, FED 4203, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, F-44000, Nantes, France.,Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Philippe Bordure
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Service Oto-rhino-laryngologie, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093, Nantes, France
| | - Daniel Kaganovich
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Walweg 33, 37073, Göttingen, Germany.,1 Base Pharmaceuticals, 9A Monument Square, #2A, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Stéphane Bézieau
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093, Nantes, France.,Université de Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Christelle Golzio
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France. .,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France. .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France. .,Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Thomas M Magin
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Bertrand Isidor
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093, Nantes, France. .,Université de Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, 44000, Nantes, France.
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16
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Pushchina EV, Kapustyanov IA, Varaksin AA. Neural Stem Cells/Neuronal Precursor Cells and Postmitotic Neuroblasts in Constitutive Neurogenesis and After ,Traumatic Injury to the Mesencephalic Tegmentum of Juvenile Chum Salmon, Oncorhynchus keta. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10020065. [PMID: 31991815 PMCID: PMC7071460 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10020065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs)/neuronal precursor cells (NPCs) and the occurrence of postmitotic neuroblasts in the mesencephalic tegmentum of intact juvenile chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta, and at 3 days after a tegmental injury, were studied by immunohistochemical labeling. BrdU+ constitutive progenitor cells located both in the periventricular matrix zone and in deeper subventricular and parenchymal layers of the brain are revealed in the tegmentum of juvenile chum salmon. As a result of traumatic damage to the tegmentum, the proliferation of resident progenitor cells of the neuroepithelial type increases. Nestin-positive and vimentin-positive NPCs and granules located in the periventricular and subventricular matrix zones, as well as in the parenchymal regions of the tegmentum, are revealed in the mesencephalic tegmentum of juvenile chum salmon, which indicates a high level of constructive metabolism and constitutive neurogenesis. The expression of vimentin and nestin in the extracellular space, as well as additionally in the NSCs and NPCs of the neuroepithelial phenotype, which do not express nestin in the control animals, is enhanced during the traumatic process. As a result of the proliferation of such cells in the post-traumatic period, local Nes+ and Vim+ NPCs clusters are formed and become involved in the reparative response. Along with the primary traumatic lesion, which coincides with the injury zone, additional Nes+ and Vim+ secondary lesions are observed to form in the adjacent subventricular and parenchymal zones of the tegmentum. In the lateral tegmentum, the number of doublecortin-positive cells is higher compared to that in the medial tegmentum, which determines the different intensities and rates of neuronal differentiation in the sensory and motor regions of the tegmentum, respectively. In periventricular regions remote from the injury, the expression of doublecortin in single cells and their groups significantly increases compared to that in the damage zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniya V. Pushchina
- Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690041, Russia; (I.A.K.); (A.A.V.)
- Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 01024, Ukraine
- Correspondence:
| | - Ilya A. Kapustyanov
- Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690041, Russia; (I.A.K.); (A.A.V.)
| | - Anatoly A. Varaksin
- Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690041, Russia; (I.A.K.); (A.A.V.)
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17
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de Pablo Y, Marasek P, Pozo-Rodrigálvarez A, Wilhelmsson U, Inagaki M, Pekna M, Pekny M. Vimentin Phosphorylation Is Required for Normal Cell Division of Immature Astrocytes. Cells 2019; 8:cells8091016. [PMID: 31480524 PMCID: PMC6769829 DOI: 10.3390/cells8091016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vimentin (VIM) is an intermediate filament (nanofilament) protein expressed in multiple cell types, including astrocytes. Mice with VIM mutations of serine sites phosphorylated during mitosis (VIMSA/SA) show cytokinetic failure in fibroblasts and lens epithelial cells, chromosomal instability, facilitated cell senescence, and increased neuronal differentiation of neural progenitor cells. Here we report that in vitro immature VIMSA/SA astrocytes exhibit cytokinetic failure and contain vimentin accumulations that co-localize with mitochondria. This phenotype is transient and disappears with VIMSA/SA astrocyte maturation and expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP); it is also alleviated by the inhibition of cell proliferation. To test the hypothesis that GFAP compensates for the effect of VIMSA/SA in astrocytes, we crossed the VIMSA/SA and GFAP−/− mice. Surprisingly, the fraction of VIMSA/SA immature astrocytes with abundant vimentin accumulations was reduced when on GFAP−/− background. This indicates that the disappearance of vimentin accumulations and cytokinetic failure in mature astrocyte cultures are independent of GFAP expression. Both VIMSA/SA and VIMSA/SAGFAP−/− astrocytes showed normal mitochondrial membrane potential and vulnerability to H2O2, oxygen/glucose deprivation, and chemical ischemia. Thus, mutation of mitotic phosphorylation sites in vimentin triggers formation of vimentin accumulations and cytokinetic failure in immature astrocytes without altering their vulnerability to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda de Pablo
- Laboratory of Astrocyte Biology and CNS Regeneration, Center for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pavel Marasek
- Laboratory of Astrocyte Biology and CNS Regeneration, Center for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andrea Pozo-Rodrigálvarez
- Laboratory of Regenerative Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Wilhelmsson
- Laboratory of Astrocyte Biology and CNS Regeneration, Center for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Masaki Inagaki
- Department of Physiology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie 5148507, Japan
| | - Marcela Pekna
- Laboratory of Regenerative Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- University of Newcastle, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Milos Pekny
- Laboratory of Astrocyte Biology and CNS Regeneration, Center for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
- University of Newcastle, New South Wales 2308, Australia.
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18
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A dynamic view of the proteomic landscape during differentiation of ReNcell VM cells, an immortalized human neural progenitor line. Sci Data 2019; 6:190016. [PMID: 30778261 PMCID: PMC6380223 DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2019.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The immortalized human ReNcell VM cell line represents a reproducible and easy-to-propagate cell culture system for studying the differentiation of neural progenitors. To better characterize the starting line and its subsequent differentiation, we assessed protein and phospho-protein levels and cell morphology over a 15-day period during which ReNcell progenitors differentiated into neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Five of the resulting datasets measured protein levels or states of phosphorylation based on tandem-mass-tag (TMT) mass spectrometry and four datasets characterized cellular phenotypes using high-content microscopy. Proteomic analysis revealed reproducible changes in pathways responsible for cytoskeletal rearrangement, cell phase transitions, neuronal migration, glial differentiation, neurotrophic signalling and extracellular matrix regulation. Proteomic and imaging data revealed accelerated differentiation in cells treated with the poly-selective CDK and GSK3 inhibitor kenpaullone or the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor mevastatin, both of which have previously been reported to promote neural differentiation. These data provide in-depth information on the ReNcell progenitor state and on neural differentiation in the presence and absence of drugs, setting the stage for functional studies.
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19
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Chen L, Pan X, Zhang YH, Liu M, Huang T, Cai YD. Classification of Widely and Rarely Expressed Genes with Recurrent Neural Network. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2018; 17:49-60. [PMID: 30595815 PMCID: PMC6307323 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A tissue-specific gene expression shapes the formation of tissues, while gene expression changes reflect the immune response of the human body to environmental stimulations or pressure, particularly in disease conditions, such as cancers. A few genes are commonly expressed across tissues or various cancers, while others are not. To investigate the functional differences between widely and rarely expressed genes, we defined the genes that were expressed in 32 normal tissues/cancers (i.e., called widely expressed genes; FPKM >1 in all samples) and those that were not detected (i.e., called rarely expressed genes; FPKM <1 in all samples) based on the large gene expression data set provided by Uhlen et al. Each gene was encoded using the gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment scores. Minimum redundancy maximum relevance (mRMR) was used to measure and rank these features on the mRMR feature list. Thereafter, we applied the incremental feature selection method with a supervised classifier recurrent neural network (RNN) to select the discriminate features for classifying widely expressed genes from rarely expressed genes and construct an optimum RNN classifier. The Youden's indexes generated by the optimum RNN classifier and evaluated using a 10-fold cross validation were 0.739 for normal tissues and 0.639 for cancers. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms of the key discriminate GO and KEGG features were analyzed. Results can facilitate the identification of the expression landscape of genes and elucidation of how gene expression shapes tissues and the microenvironment of cancers. Some genes are widely expressed across tissues or various cancers. A number of genes are rarely expressed across tissues or various cancers. The functional differences between widely and rarely expressed genes were studied. Several GO terms and KEGG pathways were extracted and analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China.,College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of PMMP, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - XiaoYong Pan
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yu-Hang Zhang
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Liu
- College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Huang
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Dong Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
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20
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Danielsson F, Peterson MK, Caldeira Araújo H, Lautenschläger F, Gad AKB. Vimentin Diversity in Health and Disease. Cells 2018; 7:E147. [PMID: 30248895 PMCID: PMC6210396 DOI: 10.3390/cells7100147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vimentin is a protein that has been linked to a large variety of pathophysiological conditions, including cataracts, Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, HIV and cancer. Vimentin has also been shown to regulate a wide spectrum of basic cellular functions. In cells, vimentin assembles into a network of filaments that spans the cytoplasm. It can also be found in smaller, non-filamentous forms that can localise both within cells and within the extracellular microenvironment. The vimentin structure can be altered by subunit exchange, cleavage into different sizes, re-annealing, post-translational modifications and interacting proteins. Together with the observation that different domains of vimentin might have evolved under different selection pressures that defined distinct biological functions for different parts of the protein, the many diverse variants of vimentin might be the cause of its functional diversity. A number of review articles have focussed on the biology and medical aspects of intermediate filament proteins without particular commitment to vimentin, and other reviews have focussed on intermediate filaments in an in vitro context. In contrast, the present review focusses almost exclusively on vimentin, and covers both ex vivo and in vivo data from tissue culture and from living organisms, including a summary of the many phenotypes of vimentin knockout animals. Our aim is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the many diverse aspects of vimentin, from biochemical, mechanical, cellular, systems biology and medical perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frida Danielsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Royal Institute of Technology, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | | | - Franziska Lautenschläger
- Campus D2 2, Leibniz-Institut für Neue Materialien gGmbH (INM) and Experimental Physics, NT Faculty, E 2 6, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - Annica Karin Britt Gad
- Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, 9020105 Funchal, Portugal.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 75237 Uppsala, Sweden.
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