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Abdelsalam RM, Hamam HW, Eissa NM, El-Sahar AE, Essam RM. Empagliflozin Dampens Doxorubicin-Induced Chemobrain in Rats: The Possible Involvement of Oxidative Stress and PI3K/Akt/mTOR/NF-κB/TNF-α Signaling Pathways. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04499-5. [PMID: 39302617 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04499-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Chemobrain is a cognitive impairment observed in up to 75% of cancer patients treated with doxorubicin (DOX). Cognitive deficits associated with DOX are complex, and multiple interplay pathways contribute to memory impairment and the loss of concentration. Empagliflozin (EMPA), a sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor with neuroprotective potential, has recently been elucidated because of its regulatory effects on oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Thus, this study aimed to explore the protective mechanisms of EMPA in DOX-induced chemobrain. Rats were allocated to four groups: normal (NC), EMPA, DOX, and EMPA + DOX. Chemobrain was induced in the third and fourth groups by DOX (2 mg/kg, IP) on the 0th, 7th, 14th, and 21st days of the study, while EMPA was administered (10 mg/kg, PO) for 28 consecutive days in both the EMPA and EMPA + DOX groups. Behavioral and biochemical assessments were then performed. Rats treated with DOX exhibited significant memory, learning, and muscle coordination dysfunctions. Moreover, DOX boosted oxidative stress in the brain, as evidenced by elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) content together with decreased levels of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and reduced glutathione (GSH). Neuroinflammation was also observed as an upsurge of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) (p65). Additionally, DOX diminished the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and increased phosphoinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated-Akt (pAkt), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) content. EMPA exhibited potent neuroprotective potential in DOX-induced cognitive impairment, attributed to its antioxidant and neuroplasticity-enhancing properties and suppression of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR/NF-κB/TNF-α signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania M Abdelsalam
- Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Giza, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Hatem W Hamam
- Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Noha M Eissa
- Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ayman E El-Sahar
- Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Giza, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Reham M Essam
- Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Giza, Egypt.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
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2
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Kaur S, Ahuja P, Kapil L, Sharma D, Singh C, Singh A. Coenzyme Q10 ameliorates chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment in mice: a preclinical study. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:930. [PMID: 39174728 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09872-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among the three most used anticancer drugs, cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin, and 5-Fluorouracil (CAF), the most significant outcome is chemobrain, caused by increased oxidative stress, inflammatory insult, and mitochondrial dysfunction. OBJECTIVE In this study, endogenous antioxidant coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) was evaluated for its neuroprotective effects in CICI. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemobrain was induced in Swiss albino female mice by administering CAF (40 + 4 + 25 mg/kg) intraperitoneal (i.p.) in three cycles (single injection per week) followed by treatment with CoQ10 (40 mg/kg; p.o.) for up to 3 weeks followed by behavioral, biochemical, molecular and histopathological analysis. RESULTS Treatment with CoQ10 significantly improved cognition by improving exploring time in novel objects recognition test followed by increasing the time spent in the target quadrant in MWM test as compared to CAF-treated animals. Moreover, CoQ10 demonstrated antioxidant properties by reducing the expression of LPO while increasing levels of GSH, SOD, and catalase as compared to CAF-treated animals. While the levels of AChEs were significantly reduced after CoQ10 treatment in CAF-treated animals. In terms of its mechanism, it effectively counteracted the pro-inflammatory substances (TNF-α and IL-1β) triggered by CAF while also enhancing the levels of anti-inflammatory markers (IL-10 and Nrf2). Moreover, CoQ10 showed mitochondrial enhancers and it improved the level of Complex (I, II, and IV). Besides that, mitochondrial morphological analysis was done by TEM, and neuronal morphology along with quantification analysis was performed by H&E staining using Image J software to confirm the neuroprotective effect of CoQ10 over CAF-induced cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION This study suggests CoQ10 can protect the mitochondria by imposing antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, which could be a potential therapy for CICI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simranjit Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy Affiliated to I.K Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences & Technology, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Palak Ahuja
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy Affiliated to I.K Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences & Technology, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Lakshay Kapil
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy Affiliated to I.K Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences & Technology, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Deepali Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy Affiliated to I.K Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences & Technology, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Charan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics (School of Pharmacy), H.N.B. Garhwal University, Garhwal, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - Arti Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy Affiliated to I.K Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences & Technology, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India.
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Flieger J, Forma A, Flieger W, Flieger M, Gawlik PJ, Dzierżyński E, Maciejewski R, Teresiński G, Baj J. Carotenoid Supplementation for Alleviating the Symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8982. [PMID: 39201668 PMCID: PMC11354426 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by, among other things, dementia and a decline in cognitive performance. In AD, dementia has neurodegenerative features and starts with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Research indicates that apoptosis and neuronal loss occur in AD, in which oxidative stress plays an important role. Therefore, reducing oxidative stress with antioxidants is a natural strategy to prevent and slow down the progression of AD. Carotenoids are natural pigments commonly found in fruits and vegetables. They include lipophilic carotenes, such as lycopene, α- and β-carotenes, and more polar xanthophylls, for example, lutein, zeaxanthin, canthaxanthin, and β-cryptoxanthin. Carotenoids can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and scavenge free radicals, especially singlet oxygen, which helps prevent the peroxidation of lipids abundant in the brain. As a result, carotenoids have neuroprotective potential. Numerous in vivo and in vitro studies, as well as randomized controlled trials, have mostly confirmed that carotenoids can help prevent neurodegeneration and alleviate cognitive impairment in AD. While carotenoids have not been officially approved as an AD therapy, they are indicated in the diet recommended for AD, including the consumption of products rich in carotenoids. This review summarizes the latest research findings supporting the potential use of carotenoids in preventing and alleviating AD symptoms. A literature review suggests that a diet rich in carotenoids should be promoted to avoid cognitive decline in AD. One of the goals of the food industry should be to encourage the enrichment of food products with functional substances, such as carotenoids, which may reduce the risk of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Alicja Forma
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.F.); (M.F.); (G.T.)
| | - Wojciech Flieger
- Department of Plastic Surgery, St. John’s Cancer Center, ul. Jaczewskiego 7, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (W.F.)
| | - Michał Flieger
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.F.); (M.F.); (G.T.)
| | - Piotr J. Gawlik
- Department of Plastic Surgery, St. John’s Cancer Center, ul. Jaczewskiego 7, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (W.F.)
| | - Eliasz Dzierżyński
- Department of Plastic Surgery, St. John’s Cancer Center, ul. Jaczewskiego 7, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (W.F.)
| | - Ryszard Maciejewski
- Institute of Health Sciences, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1 H, 20-708 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Teresiński
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.F.); (M.F.); (G.T.)
| | - Jacek Baj
- Department of Correct, Clinical and Imaging Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
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Wei N, Zhang LM, Xu JJ, Li SL, Xue R, Ma SL, Li C, Sun MM, Chen KS. Astaxanthin Rescues Memory Impairments in Rats with Vascular Dementia by Protecting Against Neuronal Death in the Hippocampus. Neuromolecular Med 2024; 26:29. [PMID: 39014255 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-024-08796-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VaD) is a cognitive disorder characterized by a decline in cognitive function resulting from cerebrovascular disease. The hippocampus is particularly susceptible to ischemic insults, leading to memory deficits in VaD. Astaxanthin (AST) has shown potential therapeutic effects in neurodegenerative diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying its protective effects in VaD and against hippocampal neuronal death remain unclear. In this study, We used the bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) method to establish a chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) rat model of VaD and administered a gastric infusion of AST at 25 mg/kg per day for 4 weeks to explore its therapeutic effects. Memory impairments were assessed using Y-maze and Morris water maze tests. We also performed biochemical analyses to evaluate levels of hippocampal neuronal death and apoptosis-related proteins, as well as the impact of astaxanthin on the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and oxidative stress. Our results demonstrated that AST significantly rescued memory impairments in VaD rats. Furthermore, astaxanthin treatment protected against hippocampal neuronal death and attenuated apoptosis. We also observed that AST modulated the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, suggesting its involvement in promoting neuronal survival and synaptic plasticity. Additionally, AST exhibited antioxidant properties, mitigating oxidative stress in the hippocampus. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential therapeutic effects of AST in VaD. By elucidating the mechanisms underlying the actions of AST, this study highlights the importance of protecting hippocampal neurons and suggests potential targets for intervention in VaD. There are still some unanswered questions include long-term effects and optimal dosage of the use in human. Further research is warranted to fully understand the therapeutic potential of AST and its application in the clinical treatment of VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wei
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jian She Dong Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China.
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, No.1 Jian She Dong Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Ke Xue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Luo-Man Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jian She Dong Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, No.1 Jian She Dong Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Ke Xue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jing Xu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jian She Dong Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, No.1 Jian She Dong Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Ke Xue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Lei Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jian She Dong Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, No.1 Jian She Dong Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Ke Xue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Xue
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jian She Dong Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Li Ma
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jian She Dong Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe Dong Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao-Miao Sun
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jian She Dong Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, No.1 Jian She Dong Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Ke Xue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Kui-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jian She Dong Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, No.1 Jian She Dong Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Ke Xue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
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5
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Zafar R, Bukhari SAB, Nasir H. Fabrication of Mn-TPP/RGO Tailored Glassy Carbon Electrode for Doxorubicin Sensing. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:25694-25703. [PMID: 38911732 PMCID: PMC11191129 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a long-standing disease, and the use of anticancer drugs can cause many different harmful side effects. Therefore, the quantitative analysis of anticancer drugs is crucial. Among all the analytical techniques that have been utilized for the detection of doxorubicin, electrochemical sensors have drawn exceptional consideration because they are simple, affordable, and highly sensitive. Manganese tetraphenylporphyrin decorated reduced graphene oxide (Mn-TPP/RGO), tetraphenylporphyrin decorated reduced graphene oxide (TPP/RGO), and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanostructure based glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs) were fabricated for the detection of doxorubicin (DOX). The synthesized materials were characterized by FTIR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV/vis), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Doxorubicin detection was performed using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Among the prepared electrodes, Mn-TPP/RGO modified GCE gave an optimum peak current at pH 3. The Mn-TPP/RGO modified electrode showed significant linear response range (0.1-0.6 mM); effective sensitivity (112.09 μA mM-1 cm-2); low detection limit (63.5 μM); and excellent stability, selectivity, repeatability, and reproducibility toward doxorubicin. With differential pulse voltammetry, LoD and sensitivity were 27 μM and 0.174 μA μM-1 cm-2, respectively. Real sample analysis was also performed in human serum, and it depicted reasonable recovery results for spiked doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafia Zafar
- School of Natural Sciences
(SNS), National University of Sciences and
Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Aqsa Batool Bukhari
- School of Natural Sciences
(SNS), National University of Sciences and
Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Habib Nasir
- School of Natural Sciences
(SNS), National University of Sciences and
Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
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6
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Serini S, Calviello G. Potential of Natural Phenolic Compounds against Doxorubicin-Induced Chemobrain: Biological and Molecular Mechanisms Involved. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:486. [PMID: 38671933 PMCID: PMC11047710 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment or "chemobrain" is a prevalent long-term complication of chemotherapy and one of the more devastating. Most of the studies performed so far to identify the cognitive dysfunctions induced by antineoplastic chemotherapies have been focused on treatment with anthracyclines, frequently administered to breast cancer patients, a population that, after treatment, shows a high possibility of long survival and, consequently, of chemobrain development. In the last few years, different possible strategies have been explored to prevent or reduce chemobrain induced by the anthracycline doxorubicin (DOX), known to promote oxidative stress and inflammation, which have been strongly implicated in the development of this brain dysfunction. Here, we have critically analyzed the results of the preclinical studies from the last few years that have evaluated the potential of phenolic compounds (PheCs), a large class of natural products able to exert powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, in inhibiting DOX-induced chemobrain. Several PheCs belonging to different classes have been shown to be able to revert DOX-induced brain morphological damages and deficits associated with learning, memory, and exploratory behavior. We have analyzed the biological and molecular mechanisms implicated and suggested possible future perspectives in this research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Serini
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Calviello
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy
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7
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Shukla D, Kaur S, Singh A, Narang RK, Singh C. Enhanced antichemobrain activity of amino acid assisted ferulic acid solid dispersion in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-024-01546-5. [PMID: 38573496 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01546-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI), also known as "chemobrain," is a common side effect of breast cancer therapy which causes oxidative stress and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ferulic acid (FA), a natural polyphenol, belongs to BCS class II is confirmed to have nootropic, neuroprotective and antioxidant effects. Here, we have developed FA solid dispersion (SD) in order to enhance its therapeutic potential against chemobrain. An amorphous ferulic acid loaded leucin solid dispersion (FA-Leu SD) was prepared by utilizing amino acid through spray-drying technique. The solid-state characterization was carried out via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Additionally, in-vitro release studies and antioxidant assay were also performed along with in-vivo locomotor, biochemical and histopathological analysis. The physical properties showed that FA-Leu SD so formed exhibited spherical, irregular surface hollow cavity of along with broad melting endotherm as observed from FE-SEM and DSC results. The XRD spectra demonstrated absence of sharp and intense peaks in FA-Leu SD which evidenced for complete encapsulation of drug into carrier. Moreover, in-vitro drug release studies over a period of 5 h in PBS (pH 7.4) displayed a significant enhanced release in the first hr (68. 49 ± 5.39%) and in-vitro DPPH assay displayed greater antioxidant potential of FA in FA-Leu SD. Furthermore, the in-vivo behavioral findings of FA-Leu SD (equivalent to 150 mg/kg of free FA) exhibited positive results accompanied by in-vivo biochemical and molecular TNF-α showed a significant difference (p < 0.001) vis-à-vis DOX treated group upon DOX + FA-Leu SD. Additionally, histopathological analysis revealed neuroprotective effects of FA-Leu SD together with declined oxidative stress due to antioxidant potential of FA which was induced by anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX). Overall, the above findings concluded that spray-dried FA-Leu SD could be useful for the treatment of chemotherapy induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeksha Shukla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Simranjit Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Arti Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 142001, India.
| | - Raj Kumar Narang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 142001, India.
| | - Charan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 142001, India.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Sciences, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India.
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8
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Lal R, Dharavath RN, Chopra K. Nrf2 Signaling Pathway: a Potential Therapeutic Target in Combating Oxidative Stress and Neurotoxicity in Chemotherapy-Induced Cognitive Impairment. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:593-608. [PMID: 37644279 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03559-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) is one of the major adverse effects of antineoplastic drugs, which decrease the quality of life in cancer survivors. Extensive experimental and clinical research suggests that chemotherapeutic drugs generate an enormous amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), contributing to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, and neuronal death, eventually leading to CICI. Despite the progress in exploring different pathological mechanisms of CICI, effective treatment to prevent CICI progression has not been developed yet. Nrf2 is the principal transcription factor that regulates cellular redox balance and inflammation-related gene expression. Emerging evidence suggests that upregulation of Nrf2 and its target genes could suppress oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation, restore BBB integrity, and increase neurogenesis. This review discusses the role of Nrf2 in CICI, how it responds to oxidative stress, inflammation, neurotoxicity, and potential Nrf2 activators that could be used to enhance Nrf2 activation in CICI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Lal
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Ravinder Naik Dharavath
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Kanwaljit Chopra
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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He YQ, Zhou CC, Jiang SG, Lan WQ, Zhang F, Tao X, Chen WS. Natural products for the treatment of chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment and prospects of nose-to-brain drug delivery. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1292807. [PMID: 38348396 PMCID: PMC10859466 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1292807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-related cognitive deficits (CRCI) as one of the common adverse drug reactions during chemotherapy that manifest as memory, attention, and executive function impairments. However, there are still no effective pharmacological therapies for the treatment of CRCI. Natural compounds have always inspired drug development and numerous natural products have shown potential therapeutic effects on CRCI. Nevertheless, improving the brain targeting of natural compounds in the treatment of CRCI is still a problem to be overcome at present and in the future. Accumulated evidence shows that nose-to-brain drug delivery may be an excellent carrier for natural compounds. Therefore, we reviewed natural products with potential anti-CRCI, focusing on the signaling pathway of these drugs' anti-CRCI effects, as well as the possibility and prospect of treating CRCI with natural compounds based on nose-to-brain drug delivery in the future. In conclusion, this review provides new insights to further explore natural products in the treatment of CRCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qiong He
- Institute of Chinese Materia Madica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Can-Can Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Gui Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Qian Lan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Madica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wan-Sheng Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Madica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Medoro A, Davinelli S, Milella L, Willcox BJ, Allsopp RC, Scapagnini G, Willcox DC. Dietary Astaxanthin: A Promising Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Agent for Brain Aging and Adult Neurogenesis. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:643. [PMID: 38132964 PMCID: PMC10744637 DOI: 10.3390/md21120643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Decreased adult neurogenesis, or the gradual depletion of neural stem cells in adult neurogenic niches, is considered a hallmark of brain aging. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the intricate relationship between aging, adult neurogenesis, and the potential neuroregenerative properties of astaxanthin, a carotenoid principally extracted from the microalga Haematococcus pluvialis. The unique chemical structure of astaxanthin enables it to cross the blood-brain barrier and easily reach the brain, where it may positively influence adult neurogenesis. Astaxanthin can affect molecular pathways involved in the homeostasis, through the activation of FOXO3-related genetic pathways, growth, and regeneration of adult brain neurons, enhancing cell proliferation and the potency of stem cells in neural progenitor cells. Furthermore, astaxanthin appears to modulate neuroinflammation by suppressing the NF-κB pathway, reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and limiting neuroinflammation associated with aging and chronic microglial activation. By modulating these pathways, along with its potent antioxidant properties, astaxanthin may contribute to the restoration of a healthy neurogenic microenvironment, thereby preserving the activity of neurogenic niches during both normal and pathological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Medoro
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (A.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (A.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Luigi Milella
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, V. le Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy;
| | - Bradley J. Willcox
- Center of Biomedical Research Excellence for Translational Research on Aging, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI 96817, USA; (B.J.W.); (R.C.A.); (D.C.W.)
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Richard C. Allsopp
- Center of Biomedical Research Excellence for Translational Research on Aging, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI 96817, USA; (B.J.W.); (R.C.A.); (D.C.W.)
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (A.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Donald Craig Willcox
- Center of Biomedical Research Excellence for Translational Research on Aging, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI 96817, USA; (B.J.W.); (R.C.A.); (D.C.W.)
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- Department of Human Welfare, Okinawa International University, Ginowan 901-2211, Japan
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Park SS, Kim SH, Kim BK, Shin MS, Jeong HT, Park JS, Kim TW. Treadmill exercise ameliorates chemotherapy-induced memory impairment through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. J Exerc Rehabil 2023; 19:314-319. [PMID: 38188132 PMCID: PMC10766450 DOI: 10.12965/jer.2346594.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used chemotherapy drug for various cancers and it is known to induce cognitive impairment. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of treadmill exercise on chemotherapy-induced memory impairment. We assessed whether DOX affects inflammation, mitochondrial Ca2+ retention capacity, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control group, exercise group, DOX-injection group, and DOX-injection and exercise group. To create a DOX-induced memory impairment model, animals were injected intraperitoneally with DOX (2 mg/kg) dissolved in saline solution once a week for 4 weeks. Treadmill exercise was performed once a day, 5 days a week, for 8 consecutive weeks. Short-term memory was determined using the step-down avoidance test. Western blot was performed for the proinflammatory cytokines, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) in the hippocampus. Mitochondrial Ca2+ retention capacity in the hippocampus was also measured. DOX-injection rats showed deterioration of short-term memory along with decreased expression of BDNF and TrkB in the hippocampus. Levels of the proinflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6, were increased in the DOX-injection rats. Wnt/β-catenin signaling was activated and mitochondrial Ca2+ retention capacity was decreased in the DOX-injection rats. However, treadmill exercise alleviated short-term memory impairment, decreased proinflammatory cytokines, increased BDNF and TrkB expression, and enhanced mitochondrial Ca2+ retention capacity. Treadmill exercise restorated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. This study demonstrated that treadmill exercise can be used for patients undergoing chemotherapy with DOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Seo Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Art and Culture, Sangmyung University, Seoul,
Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ,
USA
| | - Bo-Kyun Kim
- Department of Emergency Technology, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon,
Korea
| | - Mal-Soon Shin
- Division of Global Sport Studies, College of Culture and Sports, Korea University, Sejong,
Korea
| | - Hyun-Tae Jeong
- Division of Global Sport Studies, College of Culture and Sports, Korea University, Sejong,
Korea
| | - Jong-Suk Park
- Division of Global Sport Studies, College of Culture and Sports, Korea University, Sejong,
Korea
| | - Tae-Woon Kim
- Department of Human Health Care, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju,
Korea
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12
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Liu N, Lyu X, Zhang X, Zhang F, Chen Y, Li G. Astaxanthin attenuates cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease models by reducing oxidative stress via the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:173. [PMID: 37710272 PMCID: PMC10503143 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01129-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in neurodegenerative diseases. Astaxanthin (AST) can play a neuroprotective role owing to its long-chain conjugated unsaturated double bond, which imparts potent antioxidant, anti-neuroinflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. However, the biological mechanisms underlying these effects remain unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate and validate the protective effect of AST on neuronal senescence and apoptosis caused by oxidative stress induced by Aβ25-35 peptide, with the goal of preventing the onset of cognitive dysfunction. METHODS Alzheimer's disease models comprising ICR mice and PC12 cells were established using Aβ25-35. The Morris water maze test was used to assess mouse behavior. Nissl staining revealed morphological changes in the mouse hippocampal neurons. To elucidate the mechanism of action of AST, ICR mice and PC12 cells were treated with the silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) inhibitor nicotinamide (NAM). Additionally, immunofluorescence, western blotting, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were used to evaluate changes in the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in the mouse hippocampus, and SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway proteins were detected. Moreover, the oxidative stress markers in ICR mice and PC12 cells were evaluated. Further, CCK-8 assays, Annexin V/PI double staining, and β-galactosidase activity assays were performed in PC12 cells to evaluate the anti-senescence and apoptotic effects of AST. RESULTS In vivo experiments showed that Aβ25-35 impaired cognitive function, promoted morphological changes in hippocampal neurons, decreased Bcl-2 expression, increased Bax expression, decreased superoxide dismutase and GSH-px levels, and increased reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels. Conversely, AST alleviated the impact of Aβ25-35 in mice, with reversed outcomes. NAM administration reduced SIRT1 and PGC-1α expression in the hippocampus. This decrease was accompanied by cognitive dysfunction and hippocampal neuron atrophy, which were also evident in the mice. Additionally, in vitro experiments showed that Aβ25-35 could promote oxidative stress and induce the senescence and apoptosis of PC12 cells. Nonetheless, AST treatment counteracted this effect by inhibiting oxidative stress and altering the state of PC12 cells. Notably, the Aβ + NAM group exhibited the most significant rates of senescence and apoptosis in PC12 cells following NAM treatment. CONCLUSION AST can improve cellular senescence and apoptosis mediated by oxidative stress via the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway and plays a vital role in inhibiting neuronal senescence and apoptosis and enhancing cognitive ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China
| | - Xiaohong Lyu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China.
| | - Xianglin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China
| | - Yiming Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China
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13
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Kesler SR, Henneghan AM, Prinsloo S, Palesh O, Wintermark M. Neuroimaging based biotypes for precision diagnosis and prognosis in cancer-related cognitive impairment. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1199605. [PMID: 37720513 PMCID: PMC10499624 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1199605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is commonly associated with cancer and its treatments, yet the present binary diagnostic approach fails to capture the full spectrum of this syndrome. Cognitive function is highly complex and exists on a continuum that is poorly characterized by dichotomous categories. Advanced statistical methodologies applied to symptom assessments have demonstrated that there are multiple subclasses of CRCI. However, studies suggest that relying on symptom assessments alone may fail to account for significant differences in the neural mechanisms that underlie a specific cognitive phenotype. Treatment plans that address the specific physiologic mechanisms involved in an individual patient's condition is the heart of precision medicine. In this narrative review, we discuss how biotyping, a precision medicine framework being utilized in other mental disorders, could be applied to CRCI. Specifically, we discuss how neuroimaging can be used to determine biotypes of CRCI, which allow for increased precision in prediction and diagnosis of CRCI via biologic mechanistic data. Biotypes may also provide more precise clinical endpoints for intervention trials. Biotyping could be made more feasible with proxy imaging technologies or liquid biomarkers. Large cross-sectional phenotyping studies are needed in addition to evaluation of longitudinal trajectories, and data sharing/pooling is highly feasible with currently available digital infrastructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelli R. Kesler
- Division of Adult Health, School of Nursing, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine, Dell School of Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Department of Oncology, Dell School of Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Ashley M. Henneghan
- Division of Adult Health, School of Nursing, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Department of Oncology, Dell School of Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Sarah Prinsloo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Oxana Palesh
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Max Wintermark
- Department of Neuroradiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer, Houston, TX, United States
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14
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Shehata MK, Ismail AA, Kamel MA. Combined Donepezil with Astaxanthin via Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Effective Delivery to Brain for Alzheimer's Disease in Rat Model. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:4193-4227. [PMID: 37534058 PMCID: PMC10391537 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s417928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Donepezil (DPL), a specific acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, is used as a first-line treatment to improve cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and it might have a disease modifying effect. Astaxanthin (AST) is a natural potent antioxidant with neuroprotective, anti-amyloidogenic, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to prepare nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) co-loaded with donepezil and astaxanthin (DPL/AST-NLCs) and evaluate their in vivo efficacy in an AD-like rat model 30 days after daily intranasal administration. Methods DPL/AST-NLCs were prepared using a hot high-shear homogenization technique, in vitro examined for their physicochemical parameters and in vivo evaluated. AD induction in rats was performed by aluminum chloride. The cortex and hippocampus were isolated from the brain of rats for biochemical testing and histopathological examination. Results DPL/AST-NLCs showed z-average diameter 149.9 ± 3.21 nm, polydispersity index 0.224 ± 0.017, zeta potential -33.7 ± 4.71 mV, entrapment efficiency 81.25 ±1.98% (donepezil) and 93.85 ±1.75% (astaxanthin), in vitro sustained release of both donepezil and astaxanthin for 24 h, spherical morphology by transmission electron microscopy, and they were stable at 4-8 ± 2°C for six months. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed that donepezil and astaxanthin were molecularly dispersed in the NLC matrix in an amorphous state. The DPL/AST-NLC-treated rats showed significantly lower levels of nuclear factor-kappa B, malondialdehyde, β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1, caspase-3, amyloid beta (Aβ1‑42), and acetylcholinesterase, and significantly higher levels of glutathione and acetylcholine in the cortex and hippocampus than the AD-like untreated rats and that treated with donepezil-NLCs. DPL/AST-NLCs showed significantly higher anti-amyloidogenic, antioxidant, anti-acetylcholinesterase, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects, resulting in significant improvement in the cortical and hippocampal histopathology. Conclusion Nose-to-brain delivery of DPL/AST-NLCs is a promising strategy for the management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa K Shehata
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Assem A Ismail
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Maher A Kamel
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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15
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Mani V, Alshammeri BS. Quetiapine Moderates Doxorubicin-Induced Cognitive Deficits: Influence of Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Cellular Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11525. [PMID: 37511284 PMCID: PMC10380642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is considered a major choice in cancer treatment. Unfortunately, several cognitive deficiencies and psychiatric complications have been reported in patients with cancer during treatment and for the rest of their lives. Doxorubicin (DOX) plays an important role in chemotherapy regimens but affects both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Antipsychotic drugs alleviate the behavioral symptoms of aging-related dementia, and the atypical class, quetiapine (QUET), has been shown to have beneficial effects on various cognitive impairments. The present investigation aimed to determine the possible mechanism underlying the effect of thirty-day administrations of QUET (10 or 20 mg/kg, p.o.) on DOX-induced cognitive deficits (DICDs). DICDs were achieved through four doses of DOX (2 mg/kg, i.p.) at an interval of seven days during drug treatment. Elevated plus maze (EPM), novel object recognition (NOR), and Y-maze tasks were performed to confirm the DICDs and find the impact of QUET on them. The ELISA tests were executed with oxidative [malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase, and reduced glutathione (GSH)], inflammatory [cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)], and apoptosis [B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2), Bcl2 associated X protein (Bax), and Caspase-3] markers were assessed in the brain homogenate to explore the related mechanisms. DICD lengthened the transfer latency time in EPM, shortened the exploration time of the novel object, reduced the discrimination ability of the objects in NOR, and lowered the number of arm entries and time spent in the novel arm. QUET alleviated DICD-related symptoms. In addition, QUET reduced neuronal oxidative stress by reducing MDA and elevating GSH levels in the rat brain. Moreover, it reduced neuronal inflammation by controlling the levels of COX-2, NF-κB, and TNF-α. By improving the Bcl-2 level and reducing both Bax and Caspase-3 levels, it protected against neuronal apoptosis. Collectively, our results supported that QUET may protect against DICD, which could be explained by the inhibition of neuronal inflammation and the attenuation of cellular apoptosis protecting against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudevan Mani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bander Shehail Alshammeri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Zhu C, Liu G, Cui W, Yu Z, Chen W, Qin Y, Liu J, Lu Y, Fan W, Liang W. Astaxanthin prevents osteoarthritis by blocking Rspo2-mediated Wnt/β-catenin signaling in chondrocytes and abolishing Rspo2-related inflammatory factors in macrophages. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:5775-5797. [PMID: 37354487 PMCID: PMC10333078 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Chondrocyte degeneration and classically activated macrophage (AM)-related inflammation play critical roles in osteoarthritis (OA). Here, we explored the effects of astaxanthin and Rspo2 on OA in vitro and in vivo. We observed that the Rspo2 gene was markedly elevated in synovial tissues of OA patients compared with healthy controls. In 2D cultures, Rspo2 and inflammatory factors were enhanced in AMs compared with nonactivated macrophages (NMs), and the protein expression levels of Rspo2, β-catenin, and inflammatory factors were increased, and anabolic markers were reduced in osteoarthritic chondrocytes (OACs) compared to normal chondrocytes (NCs). Astaxanthin reversed these changes in AMs and OACs. Furthermore, Rspo2 shRNA significantly abolished inflammatory factors and elevated anabolic markers in OACs. In NCs cocultured with AM, and in OACs cocultured with AMs or NMs, astaxanthin reversed these changes in these coculture systems and promoted secretion of Rspo2, β-catenin and inflammatory factors and suppressed anabolic markers compared to NCs or OACs cultured alone. In AMs, coculture with NCs resulted in a slight elevation of Rspo2 and AM-related genes, but not protein expression, compared to culture alone, but when cocultured with OACs, these inflammatory mediators were significantly enhanced at both the gene and protein levels. Astaxanthin reversed these changes in all the groups. In vivo, we observed a deterioration in cartilage quality after intra-articular injection of Rspo2 associated with medial meniscus (DMM)-induced instability in the OA group, and astaxanthin was protective in these groups. Our results collectively revealed that astaxanthin attenuated the process of OA by abolishing Rspo2 both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Zhu
- Trauma Center, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Trauma Center, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Weiding Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhongjie Yu
- Trauma Center, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Trauma Center, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Yao Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jiuxiang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yaojun Lu
- Trauma Center, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Weimin Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Wenwei Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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Liao D, Shangguan D, Wu Y, Chen Y, Liu N, Tang J, Yao D, Shi Y. Curcumin protects against doxorubicin induced oxidative stress by regulating the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE and autophagy signaling pathways. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:1179-1190. [PMID: 36949340 PMCID: PMC10102057 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06357-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin (DOX)-induced neurotoxicity is widely reported in previous studies. Oxidative stress has been validated as a critical event involved in DOX-induced neurotoxicity. As a selective autophagy adaptor protein, p62 is reported to regulate Keap1-Nrf2-ARE antioxidant pathway in response to oxidative stress. Curcumin (CUR) relieves depressive-like state through the mitigation of oxidative stress and the activation of Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway. However, the exact mechanism of CUR in alleviating DOX-induced neurotoxicity is still unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS The rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group, DOX group, and DOX + CUR group. At the end of 3 weeks, the behavior tests as sucrose preference test (SPT), forced swimming test (FST), and novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSFT) were performed to assess anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. The rats were sacrificed after behavior tests, and the brain tissues were collected for biochemical analysis. RESULTS It was observed that the administration of CUR could effectively reverse DOX-induced depressive-like behaviors. The exposure of DOX activated autophagy and increased oxidative stress levels, and the administration of CUR could significantly inhibit DOX-induced autophagy and suppress oxidative stress. More importantly, we also found that Keap1-Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway was involved in DOX-induced neurotoxicity and oxidative stress regulated by autophagy. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that CUR could effectively reverse DOX-induced neurotoxicity through suppressing autophagy and mitigating oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehua Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Danggang Shangguan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Ni Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Jingyi Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Dunwu Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
| | - Yingrui Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
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18
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Haller OJ, Semendric I, George RP, Collins-Praino LE, Whittaker AL. The effectiveness of anti-inflammatory agents in reducing chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment in preclinical models - A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 148:105120. [PMID: 36906244 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) is a debilitating condition resulting from chemotherapy administration for cancer treatment. CICI is characterised by various cognitive impairments, including issues with learning, memory, and concentration, impacting quality of life. Several neural mechanisms are proposed to drive CICI, including inflammation, therefore, anti-inflammatory agents could ameliorate such impairments. Research is still in the preclinical stage; however, the efficacy of anti-inflammatories to reduce CICI in animal models is unknown. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted, with searches performed in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, PsycInfo and Cochrane Library. A total of 64 studies were included, and of the 50 agents identified, 41 (82%) reduced CICI. Interestingly, while non-traditional anti-inflammatory agents and natural compounds reduced impairment, the traditional agents were unsuccessful. Such results must be taken with caution due to the heterogeneity observed in terms of methods employed. Nevertheless, preliminary evidence suggests anti-inflammatory agents could be beneficial for treating CICI, although it may be critical to think beyond the use of traditional anti-inflammatories when considering which specific compounds to prioritise in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia J Haller
- School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
| | - Ines Semendric
- School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Rebecca P George
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy, South Australia 5371, Australia
| | | | - Alexandra L Whittaker
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy, South Australia 5371, Australia.
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19
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Demos-Davies K, Lawrence J, Rogich A, Lind E, Seelig D. Cancer treatment induces neuroinflammation and behavioral deficits in mice. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 16:1067298. [PMID: 36699654 PMCID: PMC9868853 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.1067298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cancer survivors are increasingly diagnosed with a syndrome of neurocognitive dysfunction termed cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI). Chemotherapy and radiation therapy have been implicated in CRCI; however, its underlying pathogenesis remains unclear, hindering effective prevention or treatment. Methods: We used the hairless strain SKH1 (11-12-week-old) and treated the mice with radiation to the right hindlimb, doxorubicin (a chemotherapy agent), concurrent radiation, and doxorubicin, or no treatment (control). Neurocognition was evaluated via standardized behavioral testing following treatment. Mice were subsequently humanely euthanized, and plasma and brains were collected to identify inflammatory changes. Results: Mice treated with radiation, doxorubicin, or both radiation and doxorubicin demonstrated equivalent hippocampal dependent memory deficits and significant increases in activated microglia and astrocytes compared to control mice. Doxorubicin-treated mice had significantly increased plasma IL-6 and failed to gain weight compared to control mice over the study period. Discussion: This study demonstrates that non-brain directed radiation induces both gliosis and neurocognitive deficits. Moreover, this work presents the first characterization of SKH1 mice as a relevant and facile animal model of CRCI. This study provides a platform from which to build further studies to identify potential key targets that contribute to CRCI such that strategies can be developed to mitigate unintended neuropathologic consequences associated with anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Demos-Davies
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Jessica Lawrence
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, Saint Paul, MN, United States
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Allison Rogich
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Erin Lind
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Davis Seelig
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, Saint Paul, MN, United States
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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Mani V, Rabbani SI, Shariq A, Amirthalingam P, Arfeen M. Piracetam as a Therapeutic Agent for Doxorubicin-Induced Cognitive Deficits by Enhancing Cholinergic Functions and Reducing Neuronal Inflammation, Apoptosis, and Oxidative Stress in Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121563. [PMID: 36559014 PMCID: PMC9781976 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy is known to cause cognitive defects in patients. Our study investigated the effect of piracetam (PIRA; 200 or 400 mg/kg) against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cognitive deficits in a rat model. The cognitive parameters were analyzed using elevated plus-maze, novel object recognition, and Y-maze tests. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), neuroinflammatory mediators (cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)), apoptotic proteins (B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl2 associated X protein (Bax), cysteine aspartate specific protease-3 (caspase-3)), oxidative parameters (malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH)) were also determined in the brain. PIRA administration offered significant protection against DOX-induced cognitive deficits in all maze tests and restored cholinergic functions via a significant reduction in AChE levels. Additionally, PIRA suppressed DOX-induced neuroinflammatory mediators (COX-2, PGE2, NF-κB, and TNF-α), pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax and caspase-3), and oxidative stress (MDA). Besides, it facilitated antioxidant (CAT and GSH) levels. Hence, our study highlighted that the neuroprotective activity of PIRA against DOX-induced cognitive deficits can be linked to reductions of AChE levels, neuro-inflammatory mediators, pro-apoptotic proteins, and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudevan Mani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (V.M.); (M.A.); Tel.: +966-508695644 (V.M.)
| | - Syed Imam Rabbani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Shariq
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Palanisamy Amirthalingam
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
| | - Minhajul Arfeen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (V.M.); (M.A.); Tel.: +966-508695644 (V.M.)
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21
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Levetiracetam Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Chemobrain by Enhancing Cholinergic Transmission and Reducing Neuroinflammation Using an Experimental Rat Model and Molecular Docking Study. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217364. [PMID: 36364190 PMCID: PMC9653834 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (chemobrain) is a major complication that affects the prognosis of therapy. Our study evaluates the nootropic-like activity of levetiracetam (LEVE) against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced memory defects using in vivo and molecular modelling. Rats were treated with LEVE (100 and 200 mg/kg, 30 days) and chemobrain was induced by four doses of DOX (2 mg/kg, i.p.). Spatial memory parameters were evaluated using an elevated plus maze (EPM) and Y-maze. Additionally, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and the neuroinflammatory biomarkers cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were analyzed using brain homogenate. PharmMapper was used for inverse docking and AutoDock Vina was used for molecular docking. LEVE treatment significantly diminished the DOX-induced memory impairment parameters in both the EPM and Y-maze. In addition, the drug treatment significantly reduced AChE, COX-2, PGE2, NF-κB, and TNF-α levels compared to DOX-treated animals. The inverse docking procedures resulted in the identification of AChE as the potential target. Further molecular modelling studies displayed interactions with residues Gly118, Gly119, and Ser200, critical for the hydrolysis of ACh. Analysis of the results suggested that administration of LEVE improved memory-related parameters in DOX-induced animals. The ‘nootropic-like’ activity could be related to diminished AChE and neuroinflammatory mediator levels.
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22
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Ongnok B, Maneechote C, Chunchai T, Pantiya P, Arunsak B, Nawara W, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Modulation of mitochondrial dynamics rescues cognitive function in rats with 'doxorubicin-induced chemobrain' via mitigation of mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation. FEBS J 2022; 289:6435-6455. [PMID: 35514149 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX), an effective, extensively used chemotherapeutic drug, can cause cognitive deterioration in cancer patients. The associated debilitating neurological sequelae are referred to as chemobrain. Our recent work demonstrated that Dox treatment resulted in an imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics, ultimately culminating in cognitive decline in rats. Therefore, in this study, we aim to explore the therapeutic efficacy of a pharmacological intervention, which modulates mitochondrial dynamics using a potent mitochondrial fission inhibitor (Mdivi-1) and mitochondrial fusion promoter (M1) against Dox-induced chemobrain. In the study, male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to receive either normal saline solution or six doses of Dox (3 mg·kg-1 ) via intraperitoneal injection. Then, the Dox-treated rats were intraperitoneally given either 1% DMSO as the vehicle, Mdivi-1 (1.2 mg·kg-1 ), M1 (2 mg·kg-1 ), or a combined treatment of Mdivi-1 and M1 for 30 consecutive days. Long-term learning and memory were evaluated using the novel object location task and novel object recognition task. Following euthanasia, the rat brains were dissected to enable further molecular investigation. We demonstrated that long-term treatment with mitochondrial dynamic modulators suppressed mitochondrial fission in the hippocampus following Dox treatment, leading to an improvement in brain homeostasis. Mitochondrial dynamic modulator treatments restored cognitive function in Dox-treated rats by attenuating neuroinflammation, decreasing oxidative stress, preserving synaptic integrity, reducing potential Alzheimer's related lesions, and mitigating both apoptosis and necroptosis following Dox administration. Together, our findings suggested that mitochondrial dynamics modulators protected against Dox-induced cognitive impairment by rebalancing mitochondrial homeostasis and attenuating both oxidative and inflammatory insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Ongnok
- Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
| | - Chayodom Maneechote
- Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
| | - Titikorn Chunchai
- Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
| | - Patcharapong Pantiya
- Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
| | - Busarin Arunsak
- Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
| | - Wichwara Nawara
- Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
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23
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Si P, Zhu C. Biological and neurological activities of astaxanthin (Review). Mol Med Rep 2022; 26:300. [PMID: 35946443 PMCID: PMC9435021 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Astaxanthin is a lipid‑soluble carotenoid produced by various microorganisms and marine animals, including bacteria, yeast, fungi, microalgae, shrimps and lobsters. Astaxanthin has antioxidant, anti‑inflammatory and anti‑apoptotic properties. These characteristics suggest that astaxanthin has health benefits and protects against various diseases. Owing to its ability to cross the blood‑brain barrier, astaxanthin has received attention for its protective effects against neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, cognitive impairment and neuropathic pain. Previous studies on the neurological effects of astaxanthin are mostly based on animal models and cellular experiments. Thus, the biological effects of astaxanthin on humans and its underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. The present review summarizes the neuroprotective effects of astaxanthin, explores its mechanisms of action and draws attention to its potential clinical implications as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Si
- Department of Neurology Intervention, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Chenkai Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
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24
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Oo TT, Pratchayasakul W, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Emerging roles of toll-like receptor 4 in chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity. Neurotoxicology 2022; 93:112-127. [PMID: 36152729 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity is one of the most prevalent side effects in cancer patients and survivors. Cognitive decline and peripheral neuropathy are the most common chemotherapy-induced neurotoxic symptoms. These symptoms lead not only to the limiting of the dose of chemotherapy given to cancer patients, but also have an impact on the quality of life of cancer survivors. Although the exact mechanisms involved in chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity are still unclear, neuroinflammation is widely regarded as being one of the major causes involved in chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity. It is known that Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays a critical role in the inflammatory process, and it has been recently reported that it is associated with chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity. In this review, we summarize and discuss all available evidence regarding the activation of the TLR4 signaling pathway in various models of chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity. This review also emphasizes the evidence pertinent to TLR4 inhibition on chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity in rodent studies. Understanding the role of the TLR4 signaling pathway behind chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity is crucial for improving treatments and ensuring the long-term survival of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thura Tun Oo
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wasana Pratchayasakul
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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25
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The Neuroprotective Effect of GM-1 Ganglioside on the Amyloid-Beta-Induced Oxidative Stress in PC-12 Cells Mediated by Nrf-2/ARE Signaling Pathway. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:2405-2415. [PMID: 35635605 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03635-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, tau tangles, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and progressive memory deficits. Aβ deposition could exacerbate oxidative damage and cellular apoptosis. GM-1 ganglioside (GM-1) has previously been reported to exhibit neuroprotective effects in rodents and patients with AD. However, the substantial impacts and mechanism of GM-1 on Aβ-induced oxidative stress remain elusive. The present study used PC-12 pheochromocytoma cells treated with Aβ25-35 peptide to construct the AD model in vitro. Aβ25-35 administration alone inhibited cell viability and facilitated cell apoptosis in the range doses of 10 μM to 30 μM. At the same time, GM-1 supplementation promoted cell proliferation and rescued cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent fashion ranging from 5 to 30 μM. In parallel, GM-1 treatment alleviated Aβ-induced oxidative stress by increasing the level of antioxidant enzymes and decreasing the content of malondialdehyde (MDA). The nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a crucial mediator of antioxidant response. We reported herein that GM-1 could activate Nrf-2 in the PC-12 cells co-treated with Aβ25-35, following with the activated expression of antioxidant response elements (ARE)-mediated antioxidant and detoxifying genes. Consistently, knock-down of Nrf-2 via siRNA abolished the beneficial decrease of Aβ-induced oxidative stress by GM-1 treatment, indicating that GM-1-improved oxidative stress was regulated by the Nrf-2 signaling pathway. Collectively, GM-1 could alleviate Aβ25-35-induced oxidative damage mediated through the Nrf-2/ARE signaling pathway, which might be a potential agent for AD treatment.
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Taha M, Elazab ST, Badawy AM, Saati AA, Qusty NF, Al-Kushi AG, Sarhan A, Osman A, Farage AE. Activation of SIRT-1 Pathway by Nanoceria Sheds Light on Its Ameliorative Effect on Doxorubicin-Induced Cognitive Impairment (Chemobrain): Restraining Its Neuroinflammation, Synaptic Dysplasticity and Apoptosis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15080918. [PMID: 35893742 PMCID: PMC9394293 DOI: 10.3390/ph15080918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemo fog is one of the most serious health concerns encountered by cancer survivors receiving doxorubicin (DOX)-based chemotherapy. Oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, apoptosis and impairment of synaptic plasticity are regarded as the key factors implicated in DOX-induced cognitive impairment. This research aimed to assess the possible neuroprotective effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeNPs) against DOX-induced neurotoxicity. Forty-eight rats were divided into four groups (12 rats/group): control group, CeNPs group (received oral CeNPs solution (35 mg/kg) daily for 4 weeks), and DOX group (were administered DOX intraperitoneally (2 mg/kg, once/week for 4 weeks)) and DOX+ CeNPs group. The findings revealed that CeNPs mitigated behavioral alterations in DOX-induced cognitive deficit. Additionally, CeNPs alleviated the histopathological abnormalities in hippocampus and ameliorated DOX-induced neuroinflammation by downregulating the expression of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL6. In addition, CeNPs antagonized the apoptosis through reducing the protein expression of cytochrome c and caspase 3. In addition, it stimulated the antioxidant defense, as indicated by upregulating the expression of the Nrf2, HO-1 and PGC-1α genes. CeNPs improved synaptic plasticity via acting on the BDNF. These actions were related through the modification of SIRT-1 expression. Based on the aforementioned results, CeNPs antagonized the doxorubicin-induced neurodegeneration by its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects, alongside its SIRT-1 mediated mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medhat Taha
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
- Department of Anatomy, Al-Qunfudah Medical College, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Qunfudhah 28814, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Sara T. Elazab
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; or
| | - Alaa. M. Badawy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Abdullah A. Saati
- Department of Community Medicine and Pilgrims Healthcare, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Naeem F. Qusty
- Medical Laboratories Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdullah G. Al-Kushi
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Anas Sarhan
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amira Osman
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr Elsheikh 33511, Egypt;
| | - Amira E. Farage
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr Elsheikh 33511, Egypt;
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27
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Chunchai T, Arinno A, Ongnok B, Pantiya P, Khuanjing T, Prathumsap N, Maneechote C, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Ranolazine alleviated cardiac/brain dysfunction in doxorubicin-treated rats. Exp Mol Pathol 2022; 127:104818. [PMID: 35882281 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2022.104818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox), a powerful chemotherapeutic agent, has been shown to cause cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity. Ranolazine, a drug that is commonly used to treat patients with chronic angina, has been shown to reduce toxicity from Dox therapy. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the mechanisms behind the protective effects of ranolazine on the heart and brain in Dox-treatment. Twenty-four male Wistar rats received 6 doses of either 0.9% normal saline (0.9% NSS, i.p., n = 8) or Dox (3 mg/kg, i.p., n = 16). All Dox-treated rats were assigned into 2 groups to receive vehicle (0.9% NSS, orally; n = 8) or ranolazine (305 mg/kg/day, orally; n = 8) for 30 consecutive days. Following the treatments, left ventricular (LV) function and cognition were determined. Animals were euthanized, then the heart and brain were collected for further analysis. Dox induced systemic oxidative stress/inflammation, and cardiac injury evidenced by mitochondrial dysfunction, mitochondrial dynamic imbalance, and apoptosis, resulting in LV dysfunction. Ranolazine significantly improved LV function via attenuating cardiac injury. Dox also caused brain pathologies as indicated by increased brain inflammation, impaired blood-brain barrier integrity, brain mitochondrial dysfunction, microglial dysmorphology, hippocampal dysplasticity, and increased apoptosis, resulting in cognitive decline. Ranolazine exerted neuroprotective effects by suppressing brain pathologies and restoring cognitive function. These findings suggest that ranolazine has a potential role in cardio- and neuro-protection against chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titikorn Chunchai
- Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Apiwan Arinno
- Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Benjamin Ongnok
- Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Patcharapong Pantiya
- Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Thawatchai Khuanjing
- Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nanthip Prathumsap
- Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chayodom Maneechote
- Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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28
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Patil AD, Kasabe PJ, Dandge PB. Pharmaceutical and nutraceutical potential of natural bioactive pigment: astaxanthin. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2022; 12:25. [PMID: 35794254 PMCID: PMC9259778 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-022-00347-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Astaxanthin (3,3'-dihydroxy-β,β-carotene-4,4'-dione) is an orange-red, lipophilic keto-carotenoid pigment. It is majorly found in marine ecosystems particularly in aquatic animals such as salmon, shrimp, trout, krill, crayfish, and so on. It is also synthesized in microalgae Heamatococcus pluvialis, Chlorococcum, Chlorella zofingiensis, red yeast Phaffia rhodozyma and bacterium Paracoccus carotinifaciens. Some aquatic and terrestrial creatures regarded as a primary and secondary sources of the astaxanthin producing and accumulating it through their metabolic pathways. Astaxanthin is the powerful antioxidant, nutritional supplement as well as promising therapeutic compound, observed to have activities against different ravaging diseases and disorders. Researchers have reported remarkable bioactivities of astaxanthin against major non-communicable chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative, and immune disorders. The current review discusses some structural aspects of astaxanthin. It further elaborates its multiple potencies such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, anti-cancer, anti-obese, anti-diabetic, anti-ageing, anti-TB, anti-viral, anti-COVID 19, neuro-protective, nephro-protective, and fertility-enhancing properties. These potencies make it a more precious entity in the preventions as well as treatments of prevalent systematic diseases and/or disorders. Also, the review is acknowledging and documenting its powerful bioactivities in relation with the pharmaceutical as well as nutraceutical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva D. Patil
- Department of Biochemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, 416004 Maharashtra India
| | - Pramod J. Kasabe
- School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra India
| | - Padma B. Dandge
- Department of Biochemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, 416004 Maharashtra India
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Wang S, Qi X. The Putative Role of Astaxanthin in Neuroinflammation Modulation: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:916653. [PMID: 35814201 PMCID: PMC9263351 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.916653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a protective mechanism against insults from exogenous pathogens and endogenous cellular debris and is essential for reestablishing homeostasis in the brain. However, excessive prolonged neuroinflammation inevitably leads to lesions and disease. The use of natural compounds targeting pathways involved in neuroinflammation remains a promising strategy for treating different neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. Astaxanthin, a natural xanthophyll carotenoid, is a well known antioxidant. Mounting evidence has revealed that astaxanthin is neuroprotective and has therapeutic potential by inhibiting neuroinflammation, however, its functional roles and underlying mechanisms in modulating neuroinflammation have not been systematically summarized. Hence, this review summarizes recent progress in this field and provides an update on the medical value of astaxanthin. Astaxanthin modulates neuroinflammation by alleviating oxidative stress, reducing the production of neuroinflammatory factors, inhibiting peripheral inflammation and maintaining the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. Mechanistically, astaxanthin scavenges radicals, triggers the Nrf2-induced activation of the antioxidant system, and suppresses the activation of the NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. With its good biosafety and high bioavailability, astaxanthin has strong potential for modulating neuroinflammation, although some outstanding issues still require further investigation.
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Onzi GR, D'Agustini N, Garcia SC, Guterres SS, Pohlmann PR, Rosa DD, Pohlmann AR. Chemobrain in Breast Cancer: Mechanisms, Clinical Manifestations, and Potential Interventions. Drug Saf 2022; 45:601-621. [PMID: 35606623 DOI: 10.1007/s40264-022-01182-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Among the potential adverse effects of breast cancer treatment, chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) has gained increased attention in the past years. In this review, we provide an overview of the literature regarding CRCI in breast cancer, focusing on three main aspects. The first aspect relates to the molecular mechanisms linking individual drugs commonly used to treat breast cancer and CRCI, which include oxidative stress and inflammation, reduced neurogenesis, reduced levels of specific neurotransmitters, alterations in neuronal dendrites and spines, and impairment in myelin production. The second aspect is related to the clinical characteristics of CRCI in patients with breast cancer treated with different drug combinations. Data suggest the incidence rates of CRCI in breast cancer vary considerably, and may affect more than 50% of treated patients. Both chemotherapy regimens with or without anthracyclines have been associated with CRCI manifestations. While cross-sectional studies suggest the presence of symptoms up to 20 years after treatment, longitudinal studies confirm cognitive impairments lasting for at most 4 years after the end of chemotherapy. The third and final aspect is related to possible therapeutic interventions. Although there is still no standard of care to treat CRCI, several pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches have shown interesting results. In summary, even if cognitive impairments derived from chemotherapy resolve with time, awareness of CRCI is crucial to provide patients with a better understanding of the syndrome and to offer them the best care directed at improving quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana R Onzi
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil.
| | - Nathalia D'Agustini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia da Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Solange C Garcia
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Silvia S Guterres
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Paula R Pohlmann
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniela D Rosa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia da Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Serviço de Oncologia, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriana R Pohlmann
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil.
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31
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Al Dahhan NZ, Cox E, Nieman BJ, Mabbott DJ. Cross-translational models of late-onset cognitive sequelae and their treatment in pediatric brain tumor survivors. Neuron 2022; 110:2215-2241. [PMID: 35523175 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric brain tumor treatments have a high success rate, but survivors are at risk of cognitive sequelae that impact long-term quality of life. We summarize recent clinical and animal model research addressing pathogenesis or evaluating candidate interventions for treatment-induced cognitive sequelae. Assayed interventions encompass a broad range of approaches, including modifications to radiotherapy, modulation of immune response, prevention of treatment-induced cell loss or promotion of cell renewal, manipulation of neuronal signaling, and lifestyle/environmental adjustments. We further emphasize the potential of neuroimaging as a key component of cross-translation to contextualize laboratory research within broader clinical findings. This cross-translational approach has the potential to accelerate discovery to improve pediatric cancer survivors' long-term quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Z Al Dahhan
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Cox
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brian J Nieman
- Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Donald J Mabbott
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Was H, Borkowska A, Bagues A, Tu L, Liu JYH, Lu Z, Rudd JA, Nurgali K, Abalo R. Mechanisms of Chemotherapy-Induced Neurotoxicity. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:750507. [PMID: 35418856 PMCID: PMC8996259 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.750507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the first clinical trials conducted after World War II, chemotherapeutic drugs have been extensively used in the clinic as the main cancer treatment either alone or as an adjuvant therapy before and after surgery. Although the use of chemotherapeutic drugs improved the survival of cancer patients, these drugs are notorious for causing many severe side effects that significantly reduce the efficacy of anti-cancer treatment and patients’ quality of life. Many widely used chemotherapy drugs including platinum-based agents, taxanes, vinca alkaloids, proteasome inhibitors, and thalidomide analogs may cause direct and indirect neurotoxicity. In this review we discuss the main effects of chemotherapy on the peripheral and central nervous systems, including neuropathic pain, chemobrain, enteric neuropathy, as well as nausea and emesis. Understanding mechanisms involved in chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity is crucial for the development of drugs that can protect the nervous system, reduce symptoms experienced by millions of patients, and improve the outcome of the treatment and patients’ quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina Was
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Borkowska
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland.,Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ana Bagues
- Área de Farmacología y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain.,High Performance Research Group in Experimental Pharmacology (PHARMAKOM-URJC), URJC, Alcorcón, Spain.,Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Química Médica (IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Longlong Tu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Julia Y H Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zengbing Lu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - John A Rudd
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.,The Laboratory Animal Services Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kulmira Nurgali
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine Western Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells Program, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Raquel Abalo
- Área de Farmacología y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain.,Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Química Médica (IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), URJC, Alcorcón, Spain.,Grupo de Trabajo de Ciencias Básicas en Dolor y Analgesia de la Sociedad Española del Dolor, Madrid, Spain
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Wang D, Wang T, Zhu M, Sun J, Zhou Z, Chen J, Teng L. A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Serum Heparan Sulfate and Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairment: The Moderating Role of Oxidative Stress in Patients with Colorectal Cancer. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:2681-2694. [PMID: 35448193 PMCID: PMC9025203 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29040219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) has been frequently reported in colorectal cancer survivors. Heparan sulfate (HS) was gradually considered to be related to cognitive disorders. The effect and potential mechanism of HS on CRCI in colorectal cancer patients were unexplored. In this study, all participants were divided into a cognitive impaired group and a cognitive normal group. The concentrations of oxidative stress factors and HS in serum were detected. Associations among HS, oxidative stress factors and CRCI were evaluated. Participants with cognitive impairment exhibited increased levels of HS, GSH, SOD and MDA, compared to the patients with normal cognitive performance. The independent significant association was found between HS and CRCI after controlling for various covariates. The higher concentrations of HS were related to the decreased cognitive performance among survivors who reported higher levels of GSH (β = 0.080, p = 0.002). Moreover, the nonlinear association between the level of HS and cognitive scores was confirmed using the restricted cubic splines (p < 0.001). These results indicated that the increased concentrations of circulating HS had a nonlinear negative connection with cognitive performance in colorectal cancer survivors, which was moderated by GSH. HS might be a new biomolecule for the identification and management of patients with CRCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danhui Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (D.W.); (M.Z.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Teng Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;
| | - Min Zhu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (D.W.); (M.Z.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Jun Sun
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (D.W.); (M.Z.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (D.W.); (M.Z.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Jinghua Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;
| | - Liping Teng
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (D.W.); (M.Z.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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34
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Gao F, Zhao Y, Zhang B, Xiao C, Sun Z, Gao Y, Dou X. Mitochondrial targeted astaxanthin liposomes for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury based on oxidative stress. J Biomater Appl 2022; 37:303-314. [DOI: 10.1177/08853282221087102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MI/RI) refers to the clinical state of decreased coronary blood flow caused by various causes. The main pathogenesis of MI/RI is mitochondrial oxidative damage. In this study, we designed a novel mitochondrial targeted astaxanthin (AST) liposome, namely, STPP-AST-LIP, targeting mitochondria of H9c2 myocardial cells. STPP-AST-LIP not only reduced the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), but also increased the survival rate of MI/RI H9c2 cells. In addition, rat experiments further confirmed that STPP-AST-LIP could improve myocardial cardiac function in MI/RI rats, significantly inhibited apoptosis of myocardial cells, and had a protective effect on the heart of rats after MI/RI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- Department cardiovascular surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital
| | - Yongcheng Zhao
- Department cardiovascular surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department cardiovascular surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital
| | - Chunwei Xiao
- Department cardiovascular surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital
| | - Zhanfa Sun
- Department cardiovascular surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department cardiovascular surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital
| | - Xueyong Dou
- Department cardiovascular surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital
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35
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Wei T, Wang L, Tang J, Ashaolu TJ, Olatunji OJ. Protective effect of Juglanin against doxorubicin-induced cognitive impairment in rats: Effect on oxidative, inflammatory and apoptotic machineries. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:1185-1195. [PMID: 35138546 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-00923-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective anticancer drug, however, side effects such as cognitive impairment and cardiotoxicity have limited its clinical use. Juglanin (JUG) is a flavonoid with excellent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and anticancer properties. This study investigated the protective effects of JUG against DOX-induced cognitive decline, oxidative stress and inflammatory response in rats. The rats were orally administrated with JUG or JUG in combination with DOX. After treatment, the animals were subjected to series of behavioral test including Morris water maze, Y-maze and forced swimming tests. After the study, the rats were sacrificed and the level of acetylcholinesterase (AchE), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), caspase 3 and Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-кB) were assayed in the brain. Histopathological analysis was also performed on the brain of the rats. JUG significantly protected against DOX-induced cognitive impairment and depressive behaviors. In addition, JUG attenuated altered brain histopathological architecture, reduced oxido-inflammatory responses, acetylcholinesterase and caspase 3 activity in the brain of the treated rats. Collectively, the results suggested that JUG offered neuroprotection against DOX induced Chemobrain via ameliorating oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wei
- Department of Neurology, Wuhu Second Peoples Hospital, Wuhu, Anhui, 241001, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Wuhu Second Peoples Hospital, Wuhu, Anhui, 241001, China
| | - Jian Tang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Bozhou University, 236800, Bozhou, China
| | | | - Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji
- Faculty of Thai Traditional Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, 90110, Hat Yai, Thailand.
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36
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Sahu K, Singh S, Devi B, Singh C, Singh A. A review on the neuroprotective effect of berberine against chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment. Curr Drug Targets 2022; 23:913-923. [PMID: 35240956 DOI: 10.2174/1389450123666220303094752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chemobrain is one of the major side effects of chemotherapy, despite increased research, the mechanisms underlying chemotherapy-induced cognitive changes remain unknown. Though, several possibly important candidate mechanisms have been identified and will be studied further in the future. Chemobrain is characterized by memory loss, cognitive impairment, difficulty in language, concentration, acceleration, and learning. The major characteristic of chemobrain is oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, immune dysregulation, hormonal alteration, white matter abnormalities, and DNA damage. Berberine (BBR) is an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from various berberine species. BBR is a small chemical that easily passes the blood-brain barrier (BBB), making it useful for treating neurodegenerative diseases. Many studies on the pharmacology of BBR have been reported in the past. Furthermore, several clinical and experimental research indicates that BBR has a variety of pharmacological effects. So, in this review, we explore the pathogenesis of chemobrain and the neuroprotective potential of BBR against chemobrain. We also introduced the therapeutic role of BBR in various neurodegenerative and neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's disease, mental depression, schizophrenia, anxiety, and also some stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuleshwar Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
| | - Sukhdev Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
| | - Bhawna Devi
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
| | - Charan Singh
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab-144603, India
| | - Arti Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
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37
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Pietrasik S, Cichon N, Bijak M, Gorniak L, Saluk-Bijak J. Carotenoids from Marine Sources as a New Approach in Neuroplasticity Enhancement. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23041990. [PMID: 35216103 PMCID: PMC8877331 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of people experience disorders related to the central nervous system (CNS). Thus, new forms of therapy, which may be helpful in repairing processes' enhancement and restoring declined brain functions, are constantly being sought. One of the most relevant physiological processes occurring in the brain for its entire life is neuroplasticity. It has tremendous significance concerning CNS disorders since neurological recovery mainly depends on restoring its structural and functional organization. The main factors contributing to nerve tissue damage are oxidative stress and inflammation. Hence, marine carotenoids, abundantly occurring in the aquatic environment, being potent antioxidant compounds, may play a pivotal role in nerve cell protection. Furthermore, recent results revealed another valuable characteristic of these compounds in CNS therapy. By inhibiting oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, carotenoids promote synaptogenesis and neurogenesis, consequently presenting neuroprotective activity. Therefore, this paper focuses on the carotenoids obtained from marine sources and their impact on neuroplasticity enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Pietrasik
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (S.P.); (J.S.-B.)
| | - Natalia Cichon
- Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (M.B.); (L.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Michal Bijak
- Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (M.B.); (L.G.)
| | - Leslaw Gorniak
- Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (M.B.); (L.G.)
| | - Joanna Saluk-Bijak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (S.P.); (J.S.-B.)
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Potential Protective Effect of Coenzyme Q10 on Doxorubicin-Induced Neurotoxicity and Behavioral Disturbances in Rats. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:1280-1289. [PMID: 34978671 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03522-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential neuroprotective efficacy of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) against doxorubicin (DOX) -induced behavioral disturbances in rats. Female rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups as control, CoQ10, DOX, and DOX plus CoQ10. The CoQ10 groups received CoQ10 (200 mg kg-1) for 21 days, and the DOX groups received DOX (4 mg kg-1) on days 7 and 14 of the study. The open field (OF) and elevated plus maze (EPM) tests were performed to assess locomotor activity and anxiety levels. Additionally, malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein carbonyl (PC) levels and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were quantified in brain tissue. DOX administration caused alterations in locomotor activity, and anxiety-like behaviors. Moreover, DOX produced significant elevation in AChE activity . PC level and GPx activity tended to alter with DOX administration. Co-treatment with CoQ10 significantly attenuated DOX-induced behavioral alterations via improving AChE activity in the brain tissue of rats. CoQ10 treatment may be potential for the alleviation of DOX-induced behavioral disturbances. This improvement might be due to the inhibition of AChE activity.
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Rao V, Bhushan R, Kumari P, Cheruku SP, Ravichandiran V, Kumar N. Chemobrain: A review on mechanistic insight, targets and treatments. Adv Cancer Res 2022; 155:29-76. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Sahu K, Langeh U, Singh C, Singh A. Crosstalk between anticancer drugs and mitochondrial functions. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2021; 2:100047. [PMID: 34909674 PMCID: PMC8663961 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2021.100047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is an important component of cancer treatment, which has side effects like vomiting, peripheral neuropathy, and numerous organ toxicity but the most significant outcomes of chemotherapy are cognitive impairment, which is mainly referred to as chemobrain or CICI (chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment). It is characterized by difficulty with language, concentrating, processing speed, learning, and memory, as it affects the hippocampus areas of the brain. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are one of the major mechanisms causing chemobrain. The generation of reactive oxygen species (byproducts of oxidative phosphorylation) mainly occurs in mitochondria that play a prominent role in the induction of oxidative stress. The homeostasis of ROS in the mitochondria is maintained by mitochondrial antioxidant mechanism via enzymes like catalase, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase. Lungs and breast cancer are the two most common types of cancer, which are the most leading cancers in the world with about 4.18 million cases. In this review we exposed the current knowledge regarding chemotherapy-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction to cause cognitive impairment.We especially focused on the antineoplastic agent (ADRIAMYCIN, CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE), platinum group agent CISPLATIN, antimetabolite agents (METHOTREXATE), and nitrogen mustard agent (CARMUSTINE) which increase oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in the PNS (peripheral nervous system) as well as the central nervous system. We also highlight the behavioural and functional changes in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuleshwar Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Urvashi Langeh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Charan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Arti Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
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Raghu SV, Kudva AK, Rao S, Prasad K, Mudgal J, Baliga MS. Dietary agents in mitigating chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (chemobrain or chemofog): first review addressing the benefits, gaps, challenges and ways forward. Food Funct 2021; 12:11132-11153. [PMID: 34704580 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02391h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chemobrain or chemofog is one of the important but less investigated side effects, where the cancer survivors treated with chemotherapy develop long-term cognitive impairments, affecting their quality of life. The biological mechanisms triggering the development of chemobrain are largely unknown. However, a literature study suggests the generation of free radicals, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, epigenetic chromatin remodeling, decreased neurogenesis, secretion of brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF), dendritic branching, and neurotransmitter release to be the cumulative contributions to the ailment. Unfortunately, there is no means to prevent/mitigate the development and intensity of chemobrain. Given the lack of effective prevention strategies or treatments, preclinical studies have been underway to ascertain the usefulness of natural products in mitigating chemobrain in the recent past. Natural products used in diets have been shown to provide beneficial effects by inhibition of free radicals, oxidative stress, inflammatory processes, and/or concomitant upregulation of various cell survival proteins. For the first time, this review focuses on the published effects of astaxanthin, omega-3 fatty acids, ginsenoside, cotinine, resveratrol, polydatin, catechin, rutin, naringin, curcumin, dehydrozingerone, berberine, C-phycocyanin, the higher fungi Cordyceps militaris, thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and polyherbal formulation Mulmina™ in mitigating cognitive impairments in preclinical models of study, and also addresses their potential neuro-therapeutic mechanisms and applications in preventing/ameliorating chemobrain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamprasad Varija Raghu
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Department of Applied Zoology, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, Karnataka 574199, India
| | - Avinash Kundadka Kudva
- Department of Biochemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, Karnataka 574199, India
| | - Suresh Rao
- Radiation Oncology, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Mangalore, Karnataka 575002, India
| | - Krishna Prasad
- Medical Oncology, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Mangalore, Karnataka 575002, India
| | - Jayesh Mudgal
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
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Dias-Carvalho A, Ferreira M, Ferreira R, Bastos MDL, Sá SI, Capela JP, Carvalho F, Costa VM. Four decades of chemotherapy-induced cognitive dysfunction: comprehensive review of clinical, animal and in vitro studies, and insights of key initiating events. Arch Toxicol 2021; 96:11-78. [PMID: 34725718 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03171-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction has been one of the most reported and studied adverse effects of cancer treatment, but, for many years, it was overlooked by the medical community. Nevertheless, the medical and scientific communities have now recognized that the cognitive deficits caused by chemotherapy have a strong impact on the morbidity of cancer treated patients. In fact, chemotherapy-induced cognitive dysfunction or 'chemobrain' (also named also chemofog) is at present a well-recognized effect of chemotherapy that could affect up to 78% of treated patients. Nonetheless, its underlying neurotoxic mechanism is still not fully elucidated. Therefore, this work aimed to provide a comprehensive review using PubMed as a database to assess the studies published on the field and, therefore, highlight the clinical manifestations of chemobrain and the putative neurotoxicity mechanisms.In the last two decades, a great number of papers was published on the topic, mainly with clinical observations. Chemotherapy-treated patients showed that the cognitive domains most often impaired were verbal memory, psychomotor function, visual memory, visuospatial and verbal learning, memory function and attention. Chemotherapy alters the brain's metabolism, white and grey matter and functional connectivity of brain areas. Several mechanisms have been proposed to cause chemobrain but increase of proinflammatory cytokines with oxidative stress seem more relevant, not excluding the action on neurotransmission and cellular death or impaired hippocampal neurogenesis. The interplay between these mechanisms and susceptible factors makes the clinical management of chemobrain even more difficult. New studies, mainly referring to the underlying mechanisms of chemobrain and protective measures, are important in the future, as it is expected that chemobrain will have more clinical impact in the coming years, since the number of cancer survivors is steadily increasing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Dias-Carvalho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal. .,UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Mariana Ferreira
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.,UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.,LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rita Ferreira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria de Lourdes Bastos
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.,UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana Isabel Sá
- Unit of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Capela
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.,UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.,Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Félix Carvalho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.,UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vera Marisa Costa
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal. .,UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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43
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Sun J, Wei Z, Xue C. Recent research advances in astaxanthin delivery systems: Fabrication technologies, comparisons and applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-22. [PMID: 34657544 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1989661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Astaxanthin (AST) is classified as a kind of carotenoid with bright red color, powerful antioxidant activity as well as a range of health benefits. AST-based functional foods present a new thought of healthy diets with both the enhancement of food color and incorporation of nutrients. However, the poor water solubility, easy oxidation, light instability, thermal instability and peculiar smell excessively restrict its application in the food industry. In this review, common bio-based materials for various AST delivery systems suitable for different food products are highlighted. Moreover, characteristics of different delivery systems and current applications in food products are also compared and summarized. This review provides some ideas on the research trends and applications of AST delivery systems in food. The joint use of two or more materials can significantly enhance the stability of delivery systems. All of the encapsulation systems slow down the degradation of AST to a certain extent and can be applied to different food systems. However, studies and applications are still focused on emulsions and microcapsules with unsatisfactory odor masking effects. In the future, diverse AST-loaded delivery systems with high encapsulation efficacy, good stability, odor masking effects and cost-effective preparation technologies will be the major research trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zihao Wei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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44
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El-Asfar RK, El-Derany MO, Sallam AAM, Wahdan SA, El-Demerdash E, Sayed SA, El-Mesallamy HO. Luteolin mitigates tamoxifen-associated fatty liver and cognitive impairment in rats by modulating beta-catenin. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 908:174337. [PMID: 34265292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Tamoxifen (TAM) therapy has been associated with fatty liver diseases. Recently, multiple reports have also shown that TAM is related to cognitive impairment in patients with breast cancer. Luteolin, a natural flavonoid, has been traditionally used to treat various inflammatory disorders, such as chronic liver diseases, cognitive impairments, and cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the potential protective effects of luteolin against the cognitive defects and liver steatosis induced by TAM in rats. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The diseased group was subcutaneously (s.c) injected with TAM at a dose of 1 mg/kg daily for 7 days. The cotreated groups were given luteolin via oral gavage at a dose of 20 or 40 mg/kg concomitantly with s.c injection of TAM at a dose of 1 mg/kg for 7 days. All the groups were subjected to behavioral tests 24 h after the last TAM injection. Then, the rats were sacrificed 3 days after the last TAM injection. RESULTS Luteolin cotreatment significantly alleviated the behavioral defects in rats with TAM-induced cognitive impairment. This finding was supported by the reversal of neurodegeneration in the cortex and in the hippocampal regions of the brain. Furthermore, luteolin attenuated hepatic steatosis and decreased the levels of serum aminotransferases and hypertriglyceridemia. As an anti-inflammatory agent, luteolin cotreatment similarly decreased the levels of hepatic inflammatory markers and increased the levels of hepatic β-catenin in TAM-induced fatty liver. CONCLUSIONS Luteolin improved the TAM-induced cognitive impairment and hepatic steatosis in rats by alleviating inflammation and modulating hepatic β-catenin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana K El-Asfar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa O El-Derany
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Al-Aliaa M Sallam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Industries, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Entertainment Area, Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Sara A Wahdan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ebtehal El-Demerdash
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sayed A Sayed
- Department of Pathology, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala O El-Mesallamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Sinai, Egypt.
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45
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Rummel NG, Chaiswing L, Bondada S, St Clair DK, Butterfield DA. Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment: focus on the intersection of oxidative stress and TNFα. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:6533-6540. [PMID: 34424346 PMCID: PMC10561769 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03925-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) has been observed in a large fraction of cancer survivors. Although many of the chemotherapeutic drugs do not cross the blood-brain barrier, following treatment, the structure and function of the brain are altered and cognitive dysfunction occurs in a significant number of cancer survivors. The means by which CICI occurs is becoming better understood, but there still remain unsolved questions of the mechanisms involved. The hypotheses to explain CICI are numerous. More than 50% of FDA-approved cancer chemotherapy agents are associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) that lead to oxidative stress and activate a myriad of pathways as well as inhibit pathways necessary for proper brain function. Oxidative stress triggers the activation of different proteins, one in particular is tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). Following treatment with various chemotherapy agents, this pro-inflammatory cytokine binds to its receptors at the blood-brain barrier and translocates to the parenchyma via receptor-mediated endocytosis. Once in brain, TNFα initiates pathways that may eventually lead to neuronal death and ultimately cognitive impairment. TNFα activation of the c-jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathways may contribute to both memory decline and loss of higher executive functions reported in patients after chemotherapy treatment. Chemotherapy also affects the brain's antioxidant capacity, allowing for accumulation of ROS. This review expands on these topics to provide insights into the possible mechanisms by which the intersection of oxidative stress and TNFΑ are involved in chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole G Rummel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Luksana Chaiswing
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Subbarao Bondada
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Daret K St Clair
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - D Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
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46
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Moretti RL, Dias EN, Kiel SG, Augusto MCM, Rodrigues PS, Sampaio ACS, Medeiros LS, Martins MFM, Suffredini IB, Cardoso CV, Bondan EF. Behavioral and morphological effects of resveratrol and curcumin in rats submitted to doxorubicin-induced cognitive impairment. Res Vet Sci 2021; 140:242-250. [PMID: 34536813 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is known to cause cognitive impairments in patients submitted to long-term chemotherapy (deficits also known as chemobrain). Therefore, there is an urgent need for therapeutic strategies capable of returning cancer survivors back to their previous quality of life. The present study investigated whether resveratrol (RSV) or curcumin (CUR) administration could affect mnemonic function and brain morphological changes following DOX administration in rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: DOX group (2.5 mg/kg/week for 4 weeks, i.p., plus distilled water for 28 days, oral gavage - OG), DOX + RSV group (DOX, 2.5 mg/kg/week for 4 weeks, i.p., plus RSV, 10 mg/kg/day for 28 days, OG), DOX + CUR group (DOX, 2.5 mg/kg/week for 4 weeks, i.p., plus CUR, 100 mg/kg/day for 28 days, OG) and control (CTR) group (0.9% saline solution weekly for 4 weeks, i.p., plus distilled water for 28 days, OG). Behavioral analyses (open field - OF - and the novel object recognition test - NORT) were performed. Brains were collected and analyzed by hematoxylin-eosin and luxol fast blue staining techniques and by immunohistochemistry for GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein) expression in astrocytes and Iba1 (ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1) expression in microglia. DOX-injected rats presented short-term and long-term memory impairments as seen in the NORT at 3 and 24 h after habituation and increased GFAP and Iba1 expression, respectively, in astrocytes and microglia of the frontal cortex, hypothalamus and hippocampus. Such cognitive deficits were prevented by CUR at both periods and by RSV at 24 h. DOX-induced astrogliosis and microgliosis were avoided by RSV and CUR. No signs of demyelination or neuronal loss were found in any group. Thus, CUR and RSV prevented memory loss, astrogliosis and microgliosis induced by DOX monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Moretti
- Graduate Program in Environmental and Experimental Pathology, University Paulista, Rua Doutor Bacelar, 1212, 4th Floor, São Paulo, SP, 04026-002, Brazil
| | - E N Dias
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Cruzeiro do Sul, Avenida Tenente, Laudelino Ferreira do Amaral, 700, São Paulo, SP, 08060-000, Brazil
| | - S G Kiel
- Graduate Program in Environmental and Experimental Pathology, University Paulista, Rua Doutor Bacelar, 1212, 4th Floor, São Paulo, SP, 04026-002, Brazil
| | - M C M Augusto
- Graduate Program in Environmental and Experimental Pathology, University Paulista, Rua Doutor Bacelar, 1212, 4th Floor, São Paulo, SP, 04026-002, Brazil
| | - P S Rodrigues
- Graduate Program in Environmental and Experimental Pathology, University Paulista, Rua Doutor Bacelar, 1212, 4th Floor, São Paulo, SP, 04026-002, Brazil
| | - A C S Sampaio
- Graduate Program in Environmental and Experimental Pathology, University Paulista, Rua Doutor Bacelar, 1212, 4th Floor, São Paulo, SP, 04026-002, Brazil
| | - L S Medeiros
- Graduate Program in Environmental and Experimental Pathology, University Paulista, Rua Doutor Bacelar, 1212, 4th Floor, São Paulo, SP, 04026-002, Brazil
| | - M F M Martins
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Cruzeiro do Sul, Avenida Tenente, Laudelino Ferreira do Amaral, 700, São Paulo, SP, 08060-000, Brazil
| | - I B Suffredini
- Graduate Program in Environmental and Experimental Pathology, University Paulista, Rua Doutor Bacelar, 1212, 4th Floor, São Paulo, SP, 04026-002, Brazil
| | - C V Cardoso
- Graduate Program in Environmental and Experimental Pathology, University Paulista, Rua Doutor Bacelar, 1212, 4th Floor, São Paulo, SP, 04026-002, Brazil
| | - E F Bondan
- Graduate Program in Environmental and Experimental Pathology, University Paulista, Rua Doutor Bacelar, 1212, 4th Floor, São Paulo, SP, 04026-002, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Cruzeiro do Sul, Avenida Tenente, Laudelino Ferreira do Amaral, 700, São Paulo, SP, 08060-000, Brazil.
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47
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Kaymak E, Akin AT, Öztürk E, Karabulut D, Kuloğlu N, Yakan B. Thymoquinone has a neuroprotective effect against inflammation, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress in the brain cortex, medulla, and hippocampus due to doxorubicin. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22888. [PMID: 34392583 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Although doxorubicin (DOX) is used in many cancer treatments, it causes neurotoxicity. In this study, the effect of thymoquinone (THQ), a powerful antioxidant, on DOX-induced neurotoxicity was evaluated. In total, 40 rats were used and 5 groups were formed. Group I: control group (n = 8); Group II: olive oil group (n = 8); Group III: the THQ group (n = 8); THQ 10 mg/kg per day was given intraperitoneally (i.p.) throughout the experiment; group IV: DOX group (n = 8); On Day 7 of the experiment, a single dose of 15 mg/kg intraperitoneally DOX injected; group V: DOX + THQ group (n = 8); Throughout the experiment, 10 mg/kg THQ per day and intraperitoneally 15 mg/kg DOX on Day 7 were injected. Immunohistochemically, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-17 (IL-17), hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1-α), glucose regulatory protein 78 (GRP78), and the gene inducible by growth arrest and DNA damage 153 (GADD153) proteins were evaluated in the brain cortex, medulla, and hippocampus regions. Total oxidant status (TOS) levels and total antioxidant status (TAS) in the brain tissue were measured. TNF-α, IL-17, HIF1-α, GRP78, and GADD153 immunoreactivities significantly increased in the DOX group in the study. THQ significantly reduced these values. THQ increased the TAS level significantly and decreased the TOS level significantly compared to the DOX group. THQ may play a role as a neuroprotective agent in DOX-induced neurotoxicity in the cortex, medulla, and hippocampus regions of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emin Kaymak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | | | - Emel Öztürk
- Histology-Embryology Department, Harran University, Harran, Turkey
| | - Derya Karabulut
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nurhan Kuloğlu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Birkan Yakan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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48
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Mounier NM, Wahdan SA, Gad AM, Azab SS. Role of inflammatory, oxidative, and ER stress signaling in the neuroprotective effect of atorvastatin against doxorubicin-induced cognitive impairment in rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 394:1537-1551. [PMID: 33755739 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02081-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent chemotherapeutic agent widely used for the treatment of several malignancies. Despite its effectiveness, DOX has been implicated in induced neurotoxicity manifested as cognitive dysfunction with varying degrees, commonly referred to as chemobrain. DOX-induced chemobrain is presumed to be due to cytokine-induced inflammatory, oxidative, and apoptotic responses damaging the brain. Atorvastatin (ATV), 3-hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl co-enzyme A (HMG Co-A) reductase inhibitor, is a cholesterol-lowering statin possessing beneficial pleiotropic effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the potential neuroprotective effects of ATV against DOX-induced cognitive impairment studying the possible involvement of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress biomarkers. Rats were treated with DOX (2 mg/kg/week), i.p. for 4 weeks. Oral treatment with ATV (10 mg/kg) ameliorated DOX-induced behavioral alterations, protected brain histological features, and attenuated DOX-induced inflammatory, oxidative, and apoptotic biomarkers. In addition, ATV upregulated the protective HO-1 expression levels and downregulated the DOX-induced apoptotic ER stress biomarkers. In conclusion, ATV (10 mg/kg) exhibited neuroprotective properties against DOX-induced cognitive impairment which could possibly be attributed to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic effects in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha M Mounier
- Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Formerly National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara A Wahdan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany M Gad
- Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Formerly National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, East Kantara Branch, New City, El Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Samar S Azab
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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49
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Ongnok B, Khuanjing T, Chunchai T, Pantiya P, Kerdphoo S, Arunsak B, Nawara W, Jaiwongkam T, Apaijai N, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Donepezil Protects Against Doxorubicin-Induced Chemobrain in Rats via Attenuation of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Without Interfering With Doxorubicin Efficacy. Neurotherapeutics 2021; 18:2107-2125. [PMID: 34312765 PMCID: PMC8608968 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-021-01092-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although doxorubicin (Dox) is an effective chemotherapy medication used extensively in the treatment of breast cancer, it frequently causes debilitating neurological deficits known as chemobrain. Donepezil (DPZ), an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, provides therapeutic benefits in various neuropathological conditions. However, comprehensive mechanistic insights regarding the neuroprotection of DPZ on cognition and brain pathologies in a Dox-induced chemobrain model remain obscure. Here, we demonstrated that Dox-treated rats manifested conspicuous cognitive deficits and developed chemobrain pathologies as indicated by brain inflammatory and oxidative insults, glial activation, defective mitochondrial homeostasis, increased potential lesions associated with Alzheimer's disease, disrupted neurogenesis, loss of dendritic spines, and ultimately neuronal death through both apoptosis and necroptosis. Intervention with DPZ co-treatment completely restored cognitive function by attenuating these pathological conditions induced by DOX. We also confirmed that DPZ treatment does not affect the anti-cancer efficacy of Dox in breast cancer cells. Together, our findings suggest that DPZ treatment confers potential neuroprotection against Dox-induced chemobrain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Ongnok
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Thawatchai Khuanjing
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Titikorn Chunchai
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Patcharapong Pantiya
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sasiwan Kerdphoo
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Busarin Arunsak
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wichwara Nawara
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Thidarat Jaiwongkam
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nattayaporn Apaijai
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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50
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El-Derany MO, Noureldein MH. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and their derived exosomes resolve doxorubicin-induced chemobrain: critical role of their miRNA cargo. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:322. [PMID: 34090498 PMCID: PMC8180158 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02384-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Doxorubicin (DOX), a widely used chemotherapeutic agent, can cause neurodegeneration in the brain, which leads to a condition known as chemobrain. In fact, chemobrain is a deteriorating condition which adversely affects the lives of cancer survivors. This study aimed to examine the potential therapeutic effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and their derived exosomes (BMSCs-Exo) in DOX-induced chemobrain in rat models. Methods Chemobrain was induced by exposing rats to DOX (2 mg/kg, i.p) once weekly for 4 consecutive weeks. After 48 h of the last DOX dose, a subset of rats was supplied with either an intravenous injection of BMSCs (1 × 106) or a single dose of 150 μg of BMSCs-Exo. Behavioral tests were conducted 7 days post injection. Rats were sacrificed after 14 days from BMSCs or BMSCs-Exo injection. Results BMSCs and BMSCs-Exo successfully restored DOX-induced cognitive and behavioral distortion. These actions were mediated via decreasing hippocampal neurodegeneration and neural demyelination through upregulating neural myelination factors (myelin%, Olig2, Opalin expression), neurotropic growth factors (BDNF, FGF-2), synaptic factors (synaptophysin), and fractalkine receptor expression (Cx3cr1). Halting neurodegeneration in DOX-induced chemobrain was achieved through epigenetic induction of key factors in Wnt/β-catenin and hedgehog signaling pathways mediated primarily by the most abundant secreted exosomal miRNAs (miR-21-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-199a-3p, miR-24-3p, let-7a-5p). Moreover, BMSCs and BMSCs-Exo significantly abrogate the inflammatory state (IL-6, TNF-α), apoptotic state (BAX/Bcl2), astrocyte, and microglia activation (GFAP, IBA-1) in DOX-induced chemobrain with a significant increase in the antioxidant mediators (GSH, GPx, SOD activity). Conclusions BMSCs and their derived exosomes offer neuroprotection against DOX-induced chemobrain via genetic and epigenetic abrogation of hippocampal neurodegeneration through modulating Wnt/β-catenin and hedgehog signaling pathways and through reducing inflammatory, apoptotic, and oxidative stress state. Graphical abstract Proposed mechanisms of the protective effects of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) and their exosomes (BMSCs-Exo) in doxorubicin (DOX)-induced chemobrain. Blue arrows: induce. Red arrows: inhibit.
![]() Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02384-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa O El-Derany
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed H Noureldein
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,American University of Beirut Diabetes Program, Beirut, Lebanon
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