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Panagaki T, Janickova L, Petrovic D, Zuhra K, Ditrói T, Jurányi EP, Bremer O, Ascenção K, Philipp TM, Nagy P, Filipovic MR, Szabo C. Neurobehavioral dysfunction in a mouse model of Down syndrome: upregulation of cystathionine β-synthase, H 2S overproduction, altered protein persulfidation, synaptic dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and autophagy. GeroScience 2024; 46:4275-4314. [PMID: 38558215 PMCID: PMC11336008 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic condition where the person is born with an extra chromosome 21. DS is associated with accelerated aging; people with DS are prone to age-related neurological conditions including an early-onset Alzheimer's disease. Using the Dp(17)3Yey/ + mice, which overexpresses a portion of mouse chromosome 17, which encodes for the transsulfuration enzyme cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), we investigated the functional role of the CBS/hydrogen sulfide (H2S) pathway in the pathogenesis of neurobehavioral dysfunction in DS. The data demonstrate that CBS is higher in the brain of the DS mice than in the brain of wild-type mice, with primary localization in astrocytes. DS mice exhibited impaired recognition memory and spatial learning, loss of synaptosomal function, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and autophagy. Treatment of mice with aminooxyacetate, a prototypical CBS inhibitor, improved neurobehavioral function, reduced the degree of reactive gliosis in the DS brain, increased the ability of the synaptosomes to generate ATP, and reduced endoplasmic reticulum stress. H2S levels in the brain of DS mice were higher than in wild-type mice, but, unexpectedly, protein persulfidation was decreased. Many of the above alterations were more pronounced in the female DS mice. There was a significant dysregulation of metabolism in the brain of DS mice, which affected amino acid, carbohydrate, lipid, endocannabinoid, and nucleotide metabolites; some of these alterations were reversed by treatment of the mice with the CBS inhibitor. Thus, the CBS/H2S pathway contributes to the pathogenesis of neurological dysfunction in DS in the current animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Panagaki
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Janickova
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Dunja Petrovic
- Leibniz-Institut Für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-E.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Karim Zuhra
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Tamás Ditrói
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Toxicology and the National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter P Jurányi
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Toxicology and the National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Semmelweis University, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Olivier Bremer
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Kelly Ascenção
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Thilo M Philipp
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Péter Nagy
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Toxicology and the National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, HUN-REN-UVMB Laboratory of Redox Biology Research Group, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- Chemistry Institute, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Milos R Filipovic
- Leibniz-Institut Für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-E.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Meral G, Aslan ES, Burkay N, Alper Acar EG, Karagöz MF, Özkaya M, Sahin E, Alp MY. Importance of Using Epigenetic Nutrition and Supplements Based on Nutrigenetic Tests in Personalized Medicine. Cureus 2024; 16:e66959. [PMID: 39148948 PMCID: PMC11326715 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.66959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrigenetics explores how genetic variations influence an individual's responses to nutrients, enabling personalized nutrition. As dietary supplements gain popularity, understanding genetic factors in their metabolism and effectiveness is crucial for optimal health outcomes. This study examines the role of genetic differences in the metabolism and effects of nutraceuticals, underscoring the significance of personalized nutrition within precision health. It aims to reveal how individual genetic profiles influence responses to dietary supplements, highlighting the value of nutrigenetics in optimizing health interventions. The study explores how genetic variations affect the absorption and effects of nutraceuticals, focusing on personalized supplement choices based on nutrigenetics. METHODS Sixteen patients from an Epigenetic Coaching clinic who were using supplements such as quercetin, curcumin, green tea, and sulforaphane and reporting side effects were studied. Their clinical outcomes were analyzed in relation to their supplement choices and genetic backgrounds. The study involved five women and 11 men, including eight with autism and others with conditions like Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) disease and joint pain. RESULTS In the study, it was observed that removing sulforaphane and sulfur-rich supplements from the diet of five patients reduced agitation. Removing sulforaphane and sulfur-rich supplements from the diet of four patients reduced clinical symptoms. Green tea caused discomfort in two patients. Responses to quercetin showed clinical differences in two patients. Anxiety and hyperactivity increased in three patients who took curcumin. Conclusion This study highlights the importance of considering individual genetic profiles when recommending dietary supplements. The findings suggest that personalized nutrition, guided by nutrigenetic insights, can enhance the efficacy and safety of nutraceutical interventions. Tailoring supplement choices based on genetic information can lead to better health outcomes and reduced adverse effects, emphasizing the need for integrating genetic testing into nutritional planning and healthcare practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulsen Meral
- Molecular Biology and Genetics, Pediatrics, Epigenetic Coaching, Norwich, GBR
- Molecular Biology and Genetics, Pediatrics, Biruni University, Istanbul, TUR
| | - Elif S Aslan
- Molecular Biology and Genetics, Biruni University, Istanbul, TUR
| | | | | | | | - Merve Özkaya
- Nutrition and Dietetics, Ankara University, Ankara, TUR
| | - Esra Sahin
- Nutrition and Dietetics, Istinye University, Istanbul, TUR
| | - Muhammed Yunus Alp
- Medical Genetics, Genoks Genetics Center, Ankara, TUR
- Medical Genetics, Epigenetic Coaching, Norwich, GBR
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Tripathi SJ, Chakraborty S, Miller E, Pieper AA, Paul BD. Hydrogen sulfide signalling in neurodegenerative diseases. Br J Pharmacol 2023:10.1111/bph.16170. [PMID: 37338307 PMCID: PMC10730776 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The gaseous neurotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) exerts neuroprotective efficacy in the brain via post-translational modification of cysteine residues by sulfhydration, also known as persulfidation. This process is comparable in biological impact to phosphorylation and mediates a variety of signalling events. Unlike conventional neurotransmitters, H2 S cannot be stored in vesicles due to its gaseous nature. Instead, it is either locally synthesized or released from endogenous stores. Sulfhydration affords both specific and general neuroprotective effects and is critically diminished in several neurodegenerative disorders. Conversely, some forms of neurodegenerative disease are linked to excessive cellular H2 S. Here, we review the signalling roles of H2 S across the spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases, including Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Down syndrome, traumatic brain injury, the ataxias, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, as well as neurodegeneration generally associated with ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Jamuna Tripathi
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Suwarna Chakraborty
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Emiko Miller
- Brain Health Medicines Center, Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrew A Pieper
- Brain Health Medicines Center, Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Geriatric Psychiatry, GRECC, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center; Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- School of Medicine, Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Translational Therapeutics Core, Cleveland Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Bindu D Paul
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Kaziród K, Myszka M, Dulak J, Łoboda A. Hydrogen sulfide as a therapeutic option for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and other muscle-related diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:608. [PMID: 36441348 PMCID: PMC9705465 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04636-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been known for years as a poisoning gas and until recently evoked mostly negative associations. However, the discovery of its gasotransmitter functions suggested its contribution to various physiological and pathological processes. Although H2S has been found to exert cytoprotective effects through modulation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and pro-angiogenic responses in a variety of conditions, its role in the pathophysiology of skeletal muscles has not been broadly elucidated so far. The classical example of muscle-related disorders is Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the most common and severe type of muscular dystrophy. Mutations in the DMD gene that encodes dystrophin, a cytoskeletal protein that protects muscle fibers from contraction-induced damage, lead to prominent dysfunctions in the structure and functions of the skeletal muscle. However, the main cause of death is associated with cardiorespiratory failure, and DMD remains an incurable disease. Taking into account a wide range of physiological functions of H2S and recent literature data on its possible protective role in DMD, we focused on the description of the 'old' and 'new' functions of H2S, especially in muscle pathophysiology. Although the number of studies showing its essential regulatory action in dystrophic muscles is still limited, we propose that H2S-based therapy has the potential to attenuate the progression of DMD and other muscle-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kaziród
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Myszka
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Józef Dulak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Łoboda
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
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Zuhra K, Augsburger F, Majtan T, Szabo C. Cystathionine-β-Synthase: Molecular Regulation and Pharmacological Inhibition. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E697. [PMID: 32365821 PMCID: PMC7277093 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), the first (and rate-limiting) enzyme in the transsulfuration pathway, is an important mammalian enzyme in health and disease. Its biochemical functions under physiological conditions include the metabolism of homocysteine (a cytotoxic molecule and cardiovascular risk factor) and the generation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gaseous biological mediator with multiple regulatory roles in the vascular, nervous, and immune system. CBS is up-regulated in several diseases, including Down syndrome and many forms of cancer; in these conditions, the preclinical data indicate that inhibition or inactivation of CBS exerts beneficial effects. This article overviews the current information on the expression, tissue distribution, physiological roles, and biochemistry of CBS, followed by a comprehensive overview of direct and indirect approaches to inhibit the enzyme. Among the small-molecule CBS inhibitors, the review highlights the specificity and selectivity problems related to many of the commonly used "CBS inhibitors" (e.g., aminooxyacetic acid) and provides a comprehensive review of their pharmacological actions under physiological conditions and in various disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Zuhra
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1702 Fribourg, Switzerland; (K.Z.); (F.A.)
| | - Fiona Augsburger
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1702 Fribourg, Switzerland; (K.Z.); (F.A.)
| | - Tomas Majtan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1702 Fribourg, Switzerland; (K.Z.); (F.A.)
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Panagaki T, Randi EB, Szabo C. Role of 3-Mercaptopyruvate Sulfurtransferase in the Regulation of Proliferation and Cellular Bioenergetics in Human Down Syndrome Fibroblasts. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040653. [PMID: 32340322 PMCID: PMC7226246 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (trisomy of human chromosome 21) is a common genetic disorder. Overproduction of the gaseous mediator hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurological and metabolic deficits associated with Down syndrome. Several lines of data indicate that an important enzyme responsible for H2S overproduction in Down syndrome is cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), an enzyme localized on chromosome 21. The current study explored the possibility that a second H2S-producing enzyme, 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST), may also contribute to the development of functional deficits of Down syndrome cells. Western blotting analysis demonstrated a significantly higher level of 3-MST protein expression in human Down syndrome fibroblasts compared to cells from healthy control individuals; the excess 3-MST was mainly localized to the mitochondrial compartment. Pharmacological inhibition of 3-MST activity improved mitochondrial electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation parameters (but did not affect the suppressed glycolytic parameters) and enhanced cell proliferation in Down syndrome cells (but not in healthy control cells). The findings presented in the current report suggest that in addition to the indisputable role of CBS, H2S produced from 3-MST may also contribute to the development of mitochondrial metabolic and functional impairments in Down syndrome cells.
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Szabo C. The re-emerging pathophysiological role of the cystathionine-β-synthase - hydrogen sulfide system in Down syndrome. FEBS J 2020; 287:3150-3160. [PMID: 31955501 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is associated with significant perturbances in many morphological and biochemical features. Cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) is one of the key mammalian enzymes that is responsible for the biological production of the gaseous transmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2 S). When H2 S is overproduced, it can exert detrimental cellular effects, in part due to inhibition of mitochondrial Complex IV activity. An increased expression of CBS and the consequent overproduction of H2 S are well documented in individuals with DS. Two decades ago, it has been proposed that a toxic overproduction of H2 S importantly contributes to the metabolic and neurological deficits associated with DS. However, until recently, this hypothesis has not yet been tested experimentally. Recent data generated in human dermal fibroblasts show that DS cells overproduce H2 S, which, in turn, suppresses mitochondrial Complex IV activity and impairs mitochondrial oxygen consumption and ATP generation. Therapeutic CBS inhibition lifts the tonic (and reversible) suppression of Complex IV: This results in the normalization of mitochondrial function in DS cells. H2 S may also contribute to the cellular dysfunction via several other molecular mechanisms through interactions with various mitochondrial and extramitochondrial molecular targets. The current article provides a historical background of the field, summarizes the recently published data and their potential implications, and outlines potential translational approaches (such as CBS inhibition and H2 S neutralization) and future experimental studies in this re-emerging field of pathobiochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
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Geier DA, Kern JK, Geier MR. Down syndrome as a genetic model to evaluate the role of oxidative stress and transsulfuration abnormalities in autism spectrum disorder: A 10-year longitudinal cohort study. Dev Neurobiol 2019; 79:857-867. [PMID: 31742925 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder in which evidence reveals oxidative stress and transsulfuration pathway abnormalities. Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic disorder characterized by similar oxidative stress and transsulfuration pathway abnormalities. This hypothesis-testing longitudinal cohort study determined whether transsulfuration abnormalities and oxidative stress are important susceptibility factors in ASD etiology by evaluating the rate of ASD diagnoses in DS as compared to the general population. The Independent Healthcare Research Database was analyzed for healthcare records prospectively generated in Florida Medicaid. A cohort of 101,736 persons (born: 1990-1999) with ≥10 outpatient office visits and continuously followed for 120 months after birth was examined. There were 942 children in the DS cohort (ICD-9 code: 758.0) and 100,749 children in the undiagnosed cohort (no DS diagnosis). ASD diagnoses were defined as autistic disorder (ICD-9 code: 299.00) or Asperger's disorder/pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified (ICD-9 code: 299.80). ASDs were diagnosed in 5.31% of the DS cohort and 1.34% of the undiagnosed cohort. The risk ratio of being diagnosed with an ASD in the DS cohort as compared to the undiagnosed cohort was 3.97-fold significantly increased with a risk difference of 3.97%. Among children diagnosed with DS, less than 6% were also diagnosed with an ASD. Among children diagnosed with an ASD, less than 5% were also diagnosed with DS. Children diagnosed with DS are apparently more susceptible to ASD diagnosis relative to the general population suggesting oxidative stress and transsulfuration pathway abnormalities are important susceptibility factors in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Geier
- Institute of Chronic Illnesses, Inc., Silver Spring, MD, USA.,CoMeD, Inc., Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Janet K Kern
- Institute of Chronic Illnesses, Inc., Silver Spring, MD, USA.,CoMeD, Inc., Silver Spring, MD, USA.,CONEM US Autism Research Group, Allen, TX, USA
| | - Mark R Geier
- Institute of Chronic Illnesses, Inc., Silver Spring, MD, USA.,CoMeD, Inc., Silver Spring, MD, USA
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