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Panek WK, Toedebusch RG, Mclaughlin BE, Dickinson PJ, Van Dyke JE, Woolard KD, Berens ME, Lesniak MS, Sturges BK, Vernau KM, Li C, Miska J, Toedebusch CM. The CCL2-CCR4 axis promotes Regulatory T cell trafficking to canine glioma tissues. J Neurooncol 2024; 169:647-658. [PMID: 39046599 PMCID: PMC11341612 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-024-04766-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Spontaneously occurring glioma in pet dogs is increasingly recognized as a valuable translational model for human glioblastoma. Canine high-grade glioma and human glioblastomas share many molecular similarities, including the accumulation of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs) that inhibit anti-tumor immune responses. Identifying in dog mechanisms responsible for Treg recruitment may afford to target the cellular population driving immunosuppression, the results providing a rationale for translational clinical studies in human patients. Our group has previously identified C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2) as a glioma-derived T-reg chemoattractant acting on chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) in a murine orthotopic glioma model. Recently, we demonstrated a robust increase of CCL2 in the brain tissue of canine patients bearing high-grade glioma. METHODS We performed a series of in vitro experiments using canine Tregs and patient-derived canine glioma cell lines (GSC 1110, GSC 0514, J3T-Bg, G06A) to interrogate the CCL2-CCR4 signaling axis in the canine. RESULTS We established a flow cytometry gating strategy for identifying and isolating FOXP3+ Tregs in dogs. The canine CD4 + CD25high T-cell population was highly enriched in FOXP3 and CCR4 expression, indicating they are bona fide Tregs. Canine Treg migration was enhanced by CCL2 or by glioma cell line-derived supernatant. Blockade of the CCL2-CCR4 axis significantly reduced migration of canine Tregs. CCL2 mRNA was expressed in all glioma cell lines, and expression increased when exposed to Tregs but not CD4 + helper T-cells. CONCLUSION Our study validates CCL2-CCR4 as a bi-directional Treg-glioma immunosuppressive and tumor-promoting axis in canine high-grade glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- W K Panek
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, 2112 Tupper Hall, Davis, CA, 95616-5270, USA.
- Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 380 South University Avenue, 419 Hill Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - R G Toedebusch
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, 2112 Tupper Hall, Davis, CA, 95616-5270, USA
| | - B E Mclaughlin
- University of California Davis, Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Davis, CA, USA
| | - P J Dickinson
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, 2112 Tupper Hall, Davis, CA, 95616-5270, USA
| | - J E Van Dyke
- University of California Davis, Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Davis, CA, USA
| | - K D Woolard
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - M E Berens
- Cancer and Cell Biology Division, The Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - M S Lesniak
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - B K Sturges
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, 2112 Tupper Hall, Davis, CA, 95616-5270, USA
| | - K M Vernau
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, 2112 Tupper Hall, Davis, CA, 95616-5270, USA
| | - C Li
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, 2112 Tupper Hall, Davis, CA, 95616-5270, USA
| | - J Miska
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christine M Toedebusch
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, 2112 Tupper Hall, Davis, CA, 95616-5270, USA.
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2
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Panek WK, Toedebusch RG, Mclaughlin BE, Dickinson PJ, Dyke JE, Woolard KD, Berens ME, Lesniak MS, Sturges BK, Vernau KM, Li C, Miska JM, Toedebusch CM. The CCL2-CCR4 Axis Promotes Regulatory T Cell Trafficking to Canine Glioma Tissues. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4474288. [PMID: 38947002 PMCID: PMC11213221 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4474288/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Purpose Spontaneously occurring glioma in pet dogs is increasingly recognized as a valuable translational model for human glioblastoma. Canine high grade glioma and human glioblastomas share many molecular similarities, including accumulation of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs) that inhibit anti-tumor immune responses. Identifying in dog mechanisms responsible for Treg recruitment may afford targeting the cellular population driving immunosuppression, the results providing a rationale for translational clinical studies in human patients. Our group has previously identified C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2) as a glioma-derived T-reg chemoattractant acting on chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) in a murine orthotopic model of glioma. Recently, we demonstrated a robust increase of CCL2 in the brain tissue of canine patients bearing high-grade glioma. Methods We performed a series of in vitro experiments using canine Tregs and patient-derived canine glioma cell lines (GSC 1110, GSC 0514, J3T-Bg, G06A) to interrogate the CCL2-CCR4 signaling axis in the canine. Results We established a flow cytometry gating strategy for identification and isolation of FOXP3+ Tregs in dogs. The canine CD4 + CD25high T-cell population was highly enriched in FOXP3 and CCR4 expression, indicating they are bona fide Tregs. Canine Treg migration was enhanced by CCL2 or by glioma cell line-derived supernatant. Blockade of the CCL2-CCR4 axis significantly reduced migration of canine Tregs. CCL2 mRNA was expressed in all glioma cell lines and expression increased when exposed to Tregs but not to CD4 + helper T-cells. Conclusion Our study validates CCL2-CCR4 as a bi-directional Treg-glioma immunosuppressive and tumor-promoting axis in canine high-grade glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - B E Mclaughlin
- University of California Davis, Flow Cytometry Shared Resource
| | | | - J E Dyke
- University of California Davis, Flow Cytometry Shared Resource
| | | | - M E Berens
- The Translational Genomics Research Institute
| | | | | | | | - C Li
- University of California, Davis
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Jia K, You J, Zhu Y, Li M, Chen S, Ren S, Chen S, Zhang J, Wang H, Zhou Y. Platelet-rich fibrin as an autologous biomaterial for bone regeneration: mechanisms, applications, optimization. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1286035. [PMID: 38689760 PMCID: PMC11058865 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1286035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelet-rich fibrin, a classical autologous-derived bioactive material, consists of a fibrin scaffold and its internal loading of growth factors, platelets, and leukocytes, with the gradual degradation of the fibrin scaffold and the slow release of physiological doses of growth factors. PRF promotes vascular regeneration, promotes the proliferation and migration of osteoblast-related cells such as mesenchymal cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts while having certain immunomodulatory and anti-bacterial effects. PRF has excellent osteogenic potential and has been widely used in the field of bone tissue engineering and dentistry. However, there are still some limitations of PRF, and the improvement of its biological properties is one of the most important issues to be solved. Therefore, it is often combined with bone tissue engineering scaffolds to enhance its mechanical properties and delay its degradation. In this paper, we present a systematic review of the development of platelet-rich derivatives, the structure and biological properties of PRF, osteogenic mechanisms, applications, and optimization to broaden their clinical applications and provide guidance for their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yanmin Zhou
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Tanaka T, Li G, Saito M, Suzuki H, Asano T, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. Development of an Anti-human CCR2 Monoclonal Antibody (C 2Mab-9) by N-Terminal Peptide Immunization. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2022; 41:188-193. [PMID: 35917563 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2022.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The CC chemokine receptor type-2 (CCR2) is one of the members of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily, which are expressed on the cell surface of immune and tumor cells. CCR2 binds to the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2)/monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), which is produced by various cells, including tumor and immune-related cells. Therefore, the development of sensitive monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for CCR2 has been desired for treatment and diagnosis. In this study, we established a specific antihuman CCR2 (hCCR2) mAb, C2Mab-9 (mouse IgG1, kappa), using the synthetic peptide immunization method. Flow cytometric and immunocytochemical results showed that C2Mab-9 reacted with hCCR2-expressing U937 (human histiocytic lymphoma) and natural killer cells. Furthermore, C2Mab-9 showed the moderate binding affinity for both cells. Conclusively, C2Mab-9 can be a useful tool for analyzing hCCR2-related biological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Guanjie Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masaki Saito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Teizo Asano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Mitchell D, Shireman J, Sierra Potchanant EA, Lara-Velazquez M, Dey M. Neuroinflammation in Autoimmune Disease and Primary Brain Tumors: The Quest for Striking the Right Balance. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:716947. [PMID: 34483843 PMCID: PMC8414998 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.716947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
According to classical dogma, the central nervous system (CNS) is defined as an immune privileged space. The basis of this theory was rooted in an incomplete understanding of the CNS microenvironment, however, recent advances such as the identification of resident dendritic cells (DC) in the brain and the presence of CNS lymphatics have deepened our understanding of the neuro-immune axis and revolutionized the field of neuroimmunology. It is now understood that many pathological conditions induce an immune response in the CNS, and that in many ways, the CNS is an immunologically distinct organ. Hyperactivity of neuro-immune axis can lead to primary neuroinflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis and antibody-mediated encephalitis, whereas immunosuppressive mechanisms promote the development and survival of primary brain tumors. On the therapeutic front, attempts are being made to target CNS pathologies using various forms of immunotherapy. One of the most actively investigated areas of CNS immunotherapy is for the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM), the most common primary brain tumor in adults. In this review, we provide an up to date overview of the neuro-immune axis in steady state and discuss the mechanisms underlying neuroinflammation in autoimmune neuroinflammatory disease as well as in the development and progression of brain tumors. In addition, we detail the current understanding of the interactions that characterize the primary brain tumor microenvironment and the implications of the neuro-immune axis on the development of successful therapeutic strategies for the treatment of CNS malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Mitchell
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Jack Shireman
- Dey Malignant Brain Tumor Laboratory, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | | | - Montserrat Lara-Velazquez
- Dey Malignant Brain Tumor Laboratory, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Mahua Dey
- Dey Malignant Brain Tumor Laboratory, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
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Advances in Chemokine Signaling Pathways as Therapeutic Targets in Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13122983. [PMID: 34203660 PMCID: PMC8232256 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13122983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With a median patient survival of 15 months, glioblastoma (GBM) is still one of the deadliest malign tumors. Despite immense efforts, therapeutic regimens fail to prolong GBM patient overall survival due to various resistance mechanisms. Chemokine signaling as part of the tumor microenvironment plays a key role in gliomagenesis, proliferation, neovascularization, metastasis and tumor progression. In this review, we aimed to investigate novel therapeutic approaches targeting various chemokine axes, including CXCR2/CXCL2/IL-8, CXCR3/CXCL4/CXCL9/CXCL10, CXCR4/CXCR7/CXCL12, CXCR6/CXCL16, CCR2/CCL2, CCR5/CCL5 and CX3CR1/CX3CL1 in preclinical and clinical studies of GBM. We reviewed targeted therapies as single therapies, in combination with the standard of care, with antiangiogenic treatment as well as immunotherapy. We found that there are many antagonist-, antibody-, cell- and vaccine-based therapeutic approaches in preclinical and clinical studies. Furthermore, targeted therapies exerted their highest efficacy in combination with other established therapeutic applications. The novel chemokine-targeting therapies have mainly been examined in preclinical models. However, clinical applications are auspicious. Thus, it is crucial to broadly investigate the recently developed preclinical approaches. Promising preclinical applications should then be investigated in clinical studies to create new therapeutic regimens and to overcome therapy resistance to GBM treatment.
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Wach J, Apallas S, Schneider M, Weller J, Schuss P, Vatter H, Herrlinger U, Güresir E. Mean Platelet Volume/Platelet Count Ratio and Risk of Progression in Glioblastoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:695316. [PMID: 34178693 PMCID: PMC8221069 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.695316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The mean platelet volume/platelet count (MPV/PC) ratio is an emerging biomarker in selected types of cancer. The objective of this study is to analyze the association of MPV/PC ratio with progression and survival in glioblastoma (GB) patients, with consideration of patient demographics, tumor morphology, extent of resection, molecular pathology, and oncological therapy. Methods One hundred ninety-one patients with newly diagnosed GB were analyzed retrospectively. MPV/PC ratio groups (≤ or >0.0575) were dichotomized into low-MPV/PC ratio (≤0.0575) and high-MPV/PC ratio (>0.0575) groups according to the most significant split in the log-rank test. Results A two-sided Fisher's exact test showed no significant differences in the confounders between the low- and high-MPV/PC ratio groups. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 9.0 months (95% CI=8.0-10.0) in the low-MPV/PC ratio group (n=164) and 6.0 months (95% CI=3.0-8.9) in the high-MPV/PC group (n=28) (p=0.013). Multivariate Cox regression analysis including the O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) status, age (≤/>65 years), baseline Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), and MPV/PC ratio showed high-MPV/PC ratio as a predictor of progression (p =0.04, HR=1.61, 95% CI=1.01-2.57). In the subgroup of IDH1 wild-type GBs, high MPV/PC ratio was still a significant predictor for shortened PFS (p=0.042, HR=1.60, 95% CI=1.02-2.52). MPV/PC ratio showed no significant effect in the overall survival (OS) analysis. Median OS was 15.0 months in the high-MPV/PC ratio group and 21.0 months in the low-MPV/PC ratio group (p=0.22). Conclusion MPV/PC ratio may independently predict the progression-free survival rates of patients with glioblastoma multiforme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Wach
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefanos Apallas
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Weller
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology and Centre of Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Patrick Schuss
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hartmut Vatter
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ulrich Herrlinger
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology and Centre of Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Erdem Güresir
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Responses of canine periodontal ligament cells to bubaline blood derived platelet rich fibrin in vitro. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11409. [PMID: 34075114 PMCID: PMC8169705 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90906-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) promotes wound healing by providing the release of growth factors. Here, the influence of Thai and Murrah bubaline blood derived PRF on canine periodontal ligament cells (cPDLs) was investigated. PRF was prepared from Thai and Murrah buffaloes with single centrifugation. Results demonstrated that Thai bubaline blood derived PRF exhibited fiber-mesh like morphology and contained more platelet entrapment than Murrah bubaline blood derived PRF. Both bubaline PRFs were able to degrade in vitro under condition with trypsin. Thai but not Murrah bubaline blood derived PRF promoted cPDLs proliferation in serum free and 2% serum culture conditions. Correspondingly, the significant upregulation of KI67 mRNA expression was observed in those cells treated with Thai bubaline blood derived PRF. However, both Thai and Murrah bubaline blood derived PRF accelerated cell migration in an in vitro wound healing assay and facilitated cell spreading. Further, cPDLs cultured in osteogenic induction medium supplemented with Thai bubaline blood derived PRF exhibited the increased mineral deposition in vitro. Frozen Thai bubaline blood derived PRF also promoted cell proliferation, KI67 mRNA expression, cell migration, and cell spreading in cPDLs. Taken these evidence together, bubaline blood derived PRF could provide potential benefits for canine periodontal tissue healing.
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Jordan KR, Parra-Izquierdo I, Gruber A, Shatzel JJ, Pham P, Sherman LS, McCarty OJT, Verbout NG. Thrombin generation and activity in multiple sclerosis. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:407-420. [PMID: 33411219 PMCID: PMC7864536 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00652-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The coagulation cascade and immune system are intricately linked, highly regulated and respond cooperatively in response to injury and infection. Increasingly, evidence of hyper-coagulation has been associated with autoimmune disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS). The pathophysiology of MS includes immune cell activation and recruitment to the central nervous system (CNS) where they degrade myelin sheaths, leaving neuronal axons exposed to damaging inflammatory mediators. Breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) facilitates the entry of peripheral immune cells. Evidence of thrombin activity has been identified within the CNS of MS patients and studies using animal models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), suggest increased thrombin generation and activity may play a role in the pathogenesis of MS as well as inhibit remyelination processes. Thrombin is a serine protease capable of cleaving multiple substrates, including protease activated receptors (PARs), fibrinogen, and protein C. Cleavage of all three of these substrates represent pathways through which thrombin activity may exert immuno-regulatory effects and regulate permeability of the BBB during MS and EAE. In this review, we summarize evidence that thrombin activity directly, through PARs, and indirectly, through fibrin formation and activation of protein C influences neuro-immune responses associated with MS and EAE pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelley R Jordan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, School of Medicine, 3303 SW Bond Avenue, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Ivan Parra-Izquierdo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, School of Medicine, 3303 SW Bond Avenue, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - András Gruber
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, School of Medicine, 3303 SW Bond Avenue, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
- Aronora Inc, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Joseph J Shatzel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, School of Medicine, 3303 SW Bond Avenue, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Peter Pham
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Larry S Sherman
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Owen J T McCarty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, School of Medicine, 3303 SW Bond Avenue, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Norah G Verbout
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, School of Medicine, 3303 SW Bond Avenue, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Aronora Inc, Portland, OR, USA
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Lin JZ, Lin N. A risk signature of three autophagy-related genes for predicting lower grade glioma survival is associated with tumor immune microenvironment. Genomics 2021; 113:767-777. [PMID: 33069830 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Treatment for lower-grade gliomas (LGG) has been challenging. Though emerging approaches such as immunotherapy is promising, it is still faced with immune tolerance, an obstacle that may be overcome by targeting autophagy-related (ATG) genes. After identifying three differentially expressed ATG genes (RIPK2, MUL1 and CXCR4), we constructed an ATG gene risk signature by Kaplan-Meier, univariate Cox regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and multivariate Cox regression, followed by internal and external validation using K-M and ROC analysis. Since gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) suggested that the signature was strongly associated with immune cell functions, CIBERSORT, LM22 matrix and Pearson correlation were further performed, showing that the risk signature was significantly correlated with immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint genes. In conclusion, we identified and independently validated an ATG gene risk signature for LGG patients, as well as discovering its significant association with LGG immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Zhe Lin
- Neurosurgical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
| | - Nuan Lin
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
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Wouters R, Bevers S, Riva M, De Smet F, Coosemans A. Immunocompetent Mouse Models in the Search for Effective Immunotherapy in Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 13:E19. [PMID: 33374542 PMCID: PMC7793150 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive intrinsic brain tumor in adults. Despite maximal therapy consisting of surgery and radio/chemotherapy, GBM remains largely incurable with a median survival of less than 15 months. GBM has a strong immunosuppressive nature with a multitude of tumor and microenvironment (TME) derived factors that prohibit an effective immune response. To date, all clinical trials failed to provide lasting clinical efficacy, despite the relatively high success rates of preclinical studies to show effectivity of immunotherapy. Various factors may explain this discrepancy, including the inability of a single mouse model to fully recapitulate the complexity and heterogeneity of GBM. It is therefore critical to understand the features and limitations of each model, which should probably be combined to grab the full spectrum of the disease. In this review, we summarize the available knowledge concerning immune composition, stem cell characteristics and response to standard-of-care and immunotherapeutics for the most commonly available immunocompetent mouse models of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxanne Wouters
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (R.W.); (S.B.); (M.R.)
- Oncoinvent, A.S., 0484 Oslo, Norway
| | - Sien Bevers
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (R.W.); (S.B.); (M.R.)
- The Laboratory for Precision Cancer Medicine, Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Matteo Riva
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (R.W.); (S.B.); (M.R.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mont-Godinne Hospital, UCL Namur, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Frederik De Smet
- The Laboratory for Precision Cancer Medicine, Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - An Coosemans
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (R.W.); (S.B.); (M.R.)
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Aslam N, Abusharieh E, Abuarqoub D, Ali D, Al-Hattab D, Wehaibi S, Al-Kurdi B, Jamali F, Alshaer W, Jafar H, Awidi AS. Anti-oncogenic activities exhibited by paracrine factors of MSCs can be mediated by modulation of KITLG and DKK1 genes in glioma SCs in vitro. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 20:147-165. [PMID: 33575478 PMCID: PMC7851499 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) use their stemness properties to perpetuate their lineage and survive chemotherapy. Currently cell-based and cell-free therapies are under investigation to develop novel anti-cancer treatment modalities. We designed this study to investigate how cell extracts of mesenchymal stem cells affect the growth of glioma stem cells in vitro. Gliospheres were generated from the U87MG cell line and treated with conditioned media of Wharton’s jelly and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The effects were investigated at the functional and molecular levels. Our results showed that conditioned media from both types of mesenchymal stem cells changed the morphology of spheres and inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and self-renewal ability of glioma stem cells. At the molecular level, metabolism interruption at oxidative phosphorylation, cell cycle arrest, cell differentiation, and upregulation of the immune response were observed. Furthermore, this effect was mediated by the upregulation of the DKK1 gene inhibiting the Wnt pathway mediated by growth factor activity and downregulation of the KITLG gene activated by growth factor and cytokine activity, inhibiting multiple pathways. We conclude that different types of mesenchymal stem cells possess antitumor properties and their paracrine factors, in combination with anti-immune modalities, can provide practical therapeutic targets for glioblastoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazneen Aslam
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Elham Abusharieh
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.,Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Duaa Abuarqoub
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.,Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman 11196, Jordan
| | - Dema Ali
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Dana Al-Hattab
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.,Laboratory for Nanomedicine, Division of Biological & Environmental Science & Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suha Wehaibi
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Ban Al-Kurdi
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Fatima Jamali
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Walhan Alshaer
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Hanan Jafar
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.,Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Abdalla S Awidi
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
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13
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Different T-cell subsets in glioblastoma multiforme and targeted immunotherapy. Cancer Lett 2020; 496:134-143. [PMID: 33022290 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a brain tumor with a high mortality rate. Surgical resection combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the standard treatment for GBM patients, but the 5-year survival rate of patients despite this treatment is low. Immunotherapy has attracted increasing attention in recent years. As the pioneer and the main effector cells of immunotherapy, T cells play a key role in tumor immunotherapy. However, the T cells in GBM microenvironment are inhibited by the highly immunosuppressive environment of GBM, posing huge challenges to T cell-based GBM immunotherapy. This review summarizes the effects of the GBM microenvironment on the infiltration and function of different T-cell subsets and the possible strategies to overcome immunosuppression, and thus enhance the effectiveness of GBM immunotherapy.
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14
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Huang X, Cai Y, Ding M, Zheng B, Sun H, Zhou J. Human chorionic gonadotropin promotes recruitment of regulatory T cells in endometrium by inducing chemokine CCL2. J Reprod Immunol 2020; 137:102856. [PMID: 31809964 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2019.102856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) can attract regulatory T cells (Tregs) into the fetal-maternal interface regulating maternal immune tolerance in pregnancy. The objective of this study was to investigate whether hCG recruits the Tregs into endometrium by inducing chemokines. The number of Tregs in the endometrium was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The expression of CCL2 was analyzed in vivo and in vitro with hCG stimulation. CD4+CD25+ Tregs were isolated from peripheral blood for Tregs migration assay with hCG, CCL2 siRNA and CCR2 antagonist stimulation. Our results showed that the number of endometrial Tregs in RIF patients was significantly decreased (9.4 ± 5.3 vs. 23.1 ± 3.1, P < 0.01), while intrauterine infusion of 2000 IU hCG increased the endometrial Tregs (18.6 ± 9.8 vs. 9.4 ± 5.3, P < 0.05) and CCL2 expression (0.21 ± 0.01 vs. 0.17 ± 0.01, P < 0.01). Horn injecting with 10 IU hCG also increased the endometrial Tregs in pseudopregnant mice (46 ± 16.8 vs. 7 ± 4.3, P < 0.01). Furthermore, the CCL2 protein and mRNA levels were significantly increased in human endometrial stromal cells (hESCs) with the stimulation of hCG. Migration assays showed that hESCs with hCG stimulation promoted Tregs migration (2597 ± 833.2 vs. 1115 ± 670.7, P < 0.05), while the number of migrated Tregs significantly decreased with CCL2 siRNA (1061 ± 105.4 vs. 2598 ± 294.7, P < 0.05) or CCR2 antagonist (356.7 ± 138.8 vs. 2597 ± 833.2, P < 0.05) treatment. In conclusion, intrauterine perfusion of hCG might promote the recruitment of Tregs into endometrium by inducing chemokine CCL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Huang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunni Cai
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Ding
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Haixiang Sun
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jianjun Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
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15
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The Role of Platelets in Cancer Pathophysiology: Focus on Malignant Glioma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040569. [PMID: 31013620 PMCID: PMC6521321 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The link between thrombocytosis and malignancy has been well known for many years and its associations with worse outcomes have been reported mainly for solid tumors. Besides measuring platelet count, it has become popular to assess platelet function in the context of malignant diseases during the last decade. Malignant gliomas differ tremendously from malignancies outside the central nervous system because they virtually never form distant metastases. This review summarizes the current understanding of the platelet-immune cell communication and its potential role in glioma resistance and progression. Particularly, we focus on platelet-derived proinflammatory modulators, such as sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). The multifaceted interaction with immune cells puts the platelet into an interesting perspective regarding the recent advances in immunotherapeutic approaches in malignant glioma.
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