1
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Elahimanesh M, Shokri N, Mohammadi P, Parvaz N, Najafi M. Step by step analysis on gene datasets of growth phases in hematopoietic stem cells. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 39:101737. [PMID: 38881758 PMCID: PMC11176649 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cells (UCB-HSCs) have important roles in the treatment of illnesses based on their self-renewal and potency characteristics. Knowing the gene profiles and signaling pathways involved in each step of the cell cycle could improve the therapeutic approaches of HSCs. The aim of this study was to predict the gene profiles and signaling pathways involved in the G0, G1, and differentiation stages of HSCs. Methods Interventional (n = 8) and non-interventional (n = 3) datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and were crossed and analyzed to determine the high- and low-express genes related to each of the G0, G1, and differentiation stages of HSCs. Then, the scores of STRING were annotated to the gene data. The gene networks were constructed using Cytoscape software, and enriched with the KEGG and GO databases. Results The high- and low-express genes were determined due to inter and intra intersections of the interventional and non-interventional data. The non-interventional data were applied to construct the gene networks (n = 6) with the nodes improved using the interventional data. Several important signaling pathways were suggested in each of the G0, G1, and differentiation stages. Conclusion The data revealed that the different signaling pathways are activated in each of the G0, G1, and differentiation stages so that their genes may be targeted to improve the HSC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Elahimanesh
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Shokri
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Mohammadi
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Najmeh Parvaz
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Najafi
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Xu C, Wu J, Ye J, Si Y, Zhang J, Wu B, Pan L, Fu J, Ren Q, Xie S, Tang B, Xiao Y, Hong T. Multiomics integration-based immunological characterizations of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma in relation to keratinization. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:439. [PMID: 38906852 PMCID: PMC11192745 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06840-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Although adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) is a tumour with low histological malignancy, there are very few therapeutic options other than surgery. ACP has high histological complexity, and the unique features of the immunological microenvironment within ACP remain elusive. Further elucidation of the tumour microenvironment is particularly important to expand our knowledge of potential therapeutic targets. Here, we performed integrative analysis of 58,081 nuclei through single-nucleus RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics on ACP specimens to characterize the features and intercellular network within the microenvironment. The ACP environment is highly immunosuppressive with low levels of T-cell infiltration/cytotoxicity. Moreover, tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs), which originate from distinct sources, highly infiltrate the microenvironment. Using spatial transcriptomic data, we observed one kind of non-microglial derived TAM that highly expressed GPNMB close to the terminally differentiated epithelial cell characterized by RHCG, and this colocalization was verified by asmFISH. We also found the positive correlation of infiltration between these two cell types in datasets with larger cohort. According to intercellular communication analysis, we report a regulatory network that could facilitate the keratinization of RHCG+ epithelial cells, eventually causing tumour progression. Our findings provide a comprehensive analysis of the ACP immune microenvironment and reveal a potential therapeutic strategy base on interfering with these two types of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunming Xu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiye Ye
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuancheng Si
- Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- The School of Economics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinshi Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bowen Wu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Laisheng Pan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jun Fu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Quan Ren
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shenhao Xie
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bin Tang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yingqun Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Infectious Disease Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tao Hong
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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3
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Niu YL, Li YK, Gao CX, Li WW, Li L, Wang H, Shen W, Ge W. Melatonin promotes hair regeneration by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. Cell Prolif 2024:e13656. [PMID: 38773710 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (MLT) is a circadian hormone that reportedly influences the development and cyclic growth of secondary hair follicles; however, the mechanism of regulation remains unknown. Here, we systematically investigated the role of MLT in hair regeneration using a hair depilation mouse model. We found that MLT supplementation significantly promoted hair regeneration in the hair depilation mouse model, whereas supplementation of MLT receptor antagonist luzindole significantly suppressed hair regeneration. By analysing gene expression dynamics between the MLT group and luzindole-treated groups, we revealed that MLT supplementation significantly up-regulated Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway-related genes. In-depth analysis of the expression of key molecules in the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway revealed that MLT up-regulated the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway in dermal papillae (DP), whereas these effects were facilitated through mediating Wnt ligand expression levels in the hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). Using a DP-HFSCs co-culture system, we verified that MLT activated Wnt/β-catenin signalling in DPs when co-cultured with HFSCs, whereas supplementation of DP cells with MLT alone failed to activate Wnt/β-catenin signalling. In summary, our work identified a critical role for MLT in promoting hair regeneration and will have potential implications for future hair loss treatment in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lin Niu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu-Kang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chen-Xi Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wen-Wen Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Han Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Ge
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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Syed RU, Afsar S, Aboshouk NAM, Salem Alanzi S, Abdalla RAH, Khalifa AAS, Enrera JA, Elafandy NM, Abdalla RAH, Ali OHH, Satheesh Kumar G, Alshammari MD. LncRNAs in necroptosis: Deciphering their role in cancer pathogenesis and therapy. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 256:155252. [PMID: 38479121 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Necroptosis, a controlled type of cell death that is different from apoptosis, has become a key figure in the aetiology of cancer and offers a possible target for treatment. A growing number of biological activities, including necroptosis, have been linked to long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), a varied family of RNA molecules with limited capacity to code for proteins. The complex interactions between LncRNAs and important molecular effectors of necroptosis, including mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL) and receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3), will be investigated. We will explore the many methods that LncRNAs use to affect necroptosis, including protein-protein interactions, transcriptional control, and post-transcriptional modification. Additionally, the deregulation of certain LncRNAs in different forms of cancer will be discussed, highlighting their dual function in influencing necroptotic processes as tumour suppressors and oncogenes. The goal of this study is to thoroughly examine the complex role that LncRNAs play in controlling necroptotic pathways and how that regulation affects the onset and spread of cancer. In the necroptosis for cancer treatment, this review will also provide insight into the possible therapeutic uses of targeting LncRNAs. Techniques utilising LncRNA-based medicines show promise in controlling necroptotic pathways to prevent cancer from spreading and improve the effectiveness of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahamat Unissa Syed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia.
| | - S Afsar
- Department of Virology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh 517502, India.
| | - Nayla Ahmed Mohammed Aboshouk
- Department of Clinical laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Amna Abakar Suleiman Khalifa
- Department of Clinical laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jerlyn Apatan Enrera
- Department of Clinical laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nancy Mohammad Elafandy
- Department of Clinical laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Randa Abdeen Husien Abdalla
- Department of Clinical laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Hafiz Haj Ali
- Department of Clinical laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - G Satheesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Venkataramapuram, Tirupati, India
| | - Maali D Alshammari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
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Xu K, Zhang L, Yu N, Ren Z, Wang T, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Yu T. Effects of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on the differentiation potential of primary stem cells: a systematic review. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:74. [PMID: 37038234 PMCID: PMC10088298 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03324-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation and accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been associated with aging and the development, or worsening, of many degenerative diseases, such as atherosclerosis, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes. AGEs can accumulate in a variety of cells and tissues, and organs in the body, which in turn induces oxidative stress and inflammatory responses and adversely affects human health. In addition, under abnormal pathological conditions, AGEs create conditions that are not conducive to stem cell differentiation. Moreover, an accumulation of AGEs can affect the differentiation of stem cells. This, in turn, leads to impaired tissue repair and further aggravation of diabetic complications. Therefore, this systematic review clearly outlines the effects of AGEs on cell differentiation of various types of primary isolated stem cells and summarizes the possible regulatory mechanisms and interventions. Our study is expected to reveal the mechanism of tissue damage caused by the diabetic microenvironment from a cellular and molecular point of view and provide new ideas for treating complications caused by diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuishuai Xu
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Ning Yu
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Zhongkai Ren
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Tianrui Wang
- Department of Traumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China.
| | - Tengbo Yu
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China.
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Pancreatic Cancer: Beyond Brca Mutations. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12122076. [PMID: 36556296 PMCID: PMC9787452 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12122076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the fourth-leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The outcomes in patients with pancreatic cancer remain unsatisfactory. In the current review, we summarize the genetic and epigenetic architecture of metastatic pancreatic cancer beyond the BRCA mutations, focusing on the genetic alterations and the molecular pathology in pancreatic cancer. This review focuses on the molecular targets for the treatment of pancreatic cancer, with a correlation to future treatments. The potential approach addressed in this review may lead to the identification of a subset of patients with specific biological behaviors and treatment responses.
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GC S, Bellis SL, Hjelmeland AB. ST6Gal1: Oncogenic signaling pathways and targets. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:962908. [PMID: 36106023 PMCID: PMC9465715 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.962908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi-sialyltransferase ST6Gal1 (βgalactosidase α2,6 sialyltransferase 1), adds the negatively charged sugar, sialic acid, to the terminal galactose of N-glycosylated proteins. Upregulation of ST6Gal1 is observed in many malignancies, and a large body of research has determined that ST6Gal1-mediated α2,6 sialylation impacts cancer hallmarks. ST6Gal1 affects oncogenic behaviors including sustained proliferation, enhanced self-renewal, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and chemoresistance. However, there are relatively few ST6GaL1 related signaling pathways that are well-established to mediate these biologies: greater delineation of specific targets and signaling mechanisms that are orchestrated by ST6Gal1 is needed. The aim of this review is to provide a summary of our current understanding of select oncogenic signaling pathways and targets affected by ST6Gal1.
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8
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Wei J, Zheng X, Li W, Li X, Fu Z. Sestrin2 reduces cancer stemness via Wnt/β-catenin signaling in colorectal cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:75. [PMID: 35148781 PMCID: PMC8840770 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02498-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in both men and women in China. In previous studies, Sestrin2 was demonstrated to have functions in CRC. However, the relationship between Sestrin2 and cancer stemness has not been reported. Methods and results To investigate the contribution of Sestrin2 in CRC, we performed bioinformatics analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets and found that Sestrin2 was downregulated in CRC. Using a lentivirus vector, we verified that Sestrin2 suppressed CRC cell proliferation, migration, and colony formation. Furthermore, sphere formation, flow cytometry, quantitative PCR, and western blot analysis verified the influence of Sestrin2 on cancer stemness, including the expression of cluster of differentiation 44, octamer-binding transcription factor 4, sex-determining region Y-Box 2, CXC chemokine receptor 4, and the Wnt pathway downstream factors β-catenin and c-Myc. Consistently, the Wnt pathway activator BML-284 partially rescued the effects of Sestrin2 on the expression of proteins related to cancer stemness. Furthermore, in a mouse xenoplant model, tumors expressing Sestrin2 were significantly reduced in size with corresponding changes in cancer stemness. Conclusions Collectively, our results suggest that Sestrin2 inhibits CRC cell progression by downregulating the Wnt signaling pathway. Thus, Sestrin2 may be a promising therapeutic target for CRC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-022-02498-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlai Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiangru Zheng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongxue Fu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Zhang Y, Chen L, Wu X, Sun Z, Wang F, Wang B, Dong P. The RNA N6-Methyladenosine Demethylase FTO Promotes Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Proliferation and Migration by Increasing CTNNB1. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:8785-8795. [PMID: 34853532 PMCID: PMC8627861 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s339095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of RNA N6-methyladenosine demethylase fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Methods Clinical data downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were used to analyze the relationship between mRNA levels of FTO, METTL3, METTL14, and ALKBH5, and the overall survival in cancer and para-cancer datasets. FTO expression in tumor and normal tissues was compared using immunohistochemistry, and its relationship with overall survival was analyzed based on the Kaplan–Meier method. The FaDu cell line with high FTO levels was chosen from five HNSCC cell lines for further experiments. FTO was verified as an oncogene in HNSCC by in vitro loss-of-function and overexpression studies, cell proliferation assay, wound healing assay, and identification of expression changes of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers. Catenin beta 1 (CTNNB1) was confirmed as a downstream target gene of FTO with additional methods like the GEPIA online tool, qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and dot blot assay. Results We found that FTO expression was significantly upregulated in HNSCC datasets and tissues. Increased FTO expression indicated a trend towards poor prognosis and was found to promote disease proliferation and migration. Mechanistically, cell proliferation assay, wound healing assay, and identification of expression changes of EMT-related markers demonstrated that FTO could act as an oncogene in HNSCC. FTO expression was significantly correlated with CTNNB1 expression. Moreover, it exerted a tumorigenic effect by increasing CTNNB1 expression in an m6A-dependent manner. Conclusion FTO promotes head and neck squamous cell carcinoma proliferation and migration by increasing CTNNB1 in an m6A-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixiao Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoliang Wu
- Tailai Bioscience, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenfeng Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoxin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Pin Dong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Xie X, Chen J, Wo D, Ma E, Ning Y, Peng J, Zhu W, Ren DN. Babao Dan is a robust anti-tumor agent via inhibiting wnt/β-catenin activation and cancer cell stemness. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 280:114449. [PMID: 34332067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is being increasingly used worldwide due to its diverse efficacy and relatively low side effects. Babao Dan (BBD) is a well-known TCM formula that is currently used for the effective treatment of various cancers, however its underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY Tumor growth and tumor recurrence are characterized by two distinct populations of cells, namely the well-differentiated cancer cells composing the majority of tumor bulk, and cancer stem cells (CSCs) involved in tumor relapse, which are both strongly associated with excessive activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Our study aims to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with the anti-tumor proliferative effects of Babao Dan (BBD). MATERIALS AND METHODS We used a hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2 with stem cell-like traits that harbors a constitutively active mutant of β-catenin in order to study the anti-tumor ability of BBD via targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling. RESULTS BBD robustly attenuated both the intrinsic and extrinsic activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in HepG2 hepatoblastoma cells, as well as Wnt target genes. Moreover, BBD significantly inhibited both the proliferation of well-differentiated cancer cells, as well as the stem-like property of CSCs as evidenced by EpCAM, a Wnt target gene and a novel marker of cancer cell stemness. In addition, mice administered with BBD using HepG2 cell line derived xenograft model had marked reductions in tumor size and weight, as well as significantly decreased expressions of Wnt target genes and cancer cell stemness. CONCLUSION Our findings elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with the robust anti-tumor effects of BBD via potent inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and implicate its use in the clinical treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Xie
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jinxiao Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Da Wo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - En Ma
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Heart Failure Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongling Ning
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Weidong Zhu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Dan-Ni Ren
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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LncRNAs in tumor microenvironment: The potential target for cancer treatment with natural compounds and chemical drugs. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 193:114802. [PMID: 34678226 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It was thought that originally long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were a kind of RNAs without any encoding function. Recently, a variety of studies have shown that lncRNAs play important roles in many life activities. The abnormal expression of lncRNAs in tumor microenvironment (TME) usually promotes the proliferation, migration, and drug resistance of tumor cells through direct or indirect effects, which also usually predicts the poor prognosis. The regulation of lncRNAs expression in TME could significantly inhibit tumor progress. However, the interaction between lncRNAs and TME has not been fully defined at present. Therefore, this paper provided the systemic summary of their interaction and natural products and chemicals targeting lncRNAs in cancer treatment. Currently, the strategies of cancer treatment still have their limits. Understanding the relationship between TME and lncRNAs can help us to realize breakthrough strategy for tumor treatment.
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Chen X, Lu Y, Guo G, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Guo L, Li R, Nan Y, Yang X, Dong J, Jin X, Huang Q. AMOTL2‑knockdown promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of glioma by regulating β‑catenin nuclear localization. Oncol Rep 2021; 46:139. [PMID: 34036399 PMCID: PMC8165599 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent type of malignant cancer in the adult central nervous system; however, its mechanism remains unclear. Angiomotin-like 2 (AMOTL2) is a member of the motin family of angiostatin-binding proteins. It has been reported as an oncogene in cervical and breast cancer, but its association with glioma remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate AMOTL2-regulated processes in glioma cell lines using extensive in vitro assays and certain bioinformatics tools. These results revealed that AMOTL2 was downregulated in high-grade glioma cells and tissues, with patients with glioma exhibiting a high AMOTL2 expression having a higher survival rate. The results of the glioma cell phenotype experiment showed that AMOTL2 suppressed GBM proliferation, migration and invasion. In addition, immunoblotting, co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assays demonstrated that AMOTL2 could directly bind to β-catenin protein, the key molecule of the Wnt signaling pathway, and regulate its downstream genes by regulating β-catenin nuclear translocation. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that AMOTL2 inhibited glioma proliferation, migration and invasion by regulating β-catenin nuclear localization. Thus, AMOTL2 may serve as a therapeutic target to further improve the prognosis and prolong survival time of patients with glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yalin Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Gaochao Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Lianmei Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Ruohong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yang Nan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Xuejun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Xun Jin
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
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13
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Gairola K, Gururani S, Bahuguna A, Garia V, Pujari R, Dubey SK. Natural products targeting cancer stem cells: Implications for cancer chemoprevention and therapeutics. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13772. [PMID: 34028051 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer, being the leading cause of death in the globe, has been one of the major thrust areas of research worldwide. In a new paradigm about neoplastic transformations, the initiation and recurrence of disease is attributed to few mutated cells in bulk of tumor called cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs have capacity of self-renewal and differentiation, which are known for resistance to radio and chemotherapy leading to recurrence of the disease even after treatment. Most of traditional drugs implicated in cancer therapy targeting primary tumors have substantial toxicity to the physiological system and have not been efficient in targeting these CSCs leading to poor prognosis. Targeting these CSCs in bulk of tumor might be novel strategy for cancer chemoprevention and therapeutics. Diet-derived interventions and diverse natural products are known to target these CSCs and related signaling pathways, namely, Wnt, Notch, and Hedgehog pathways, which are implicated for CSC self-renewal. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Cancer remains a global challenge even in this century. Poor prognosis, survival rate, and recurrence of the disease have been the major concerns in traditional cancer therapy regimes. Targeting cancer stem cells might be novel strategy for elimination and cure of the chronic disease as they are known to modulate all stages of carcinogenesis and responsible for recurrence and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The evidence support that natural products might inhibit, delay, or reverse the process of tumorigenesis and modulate the different signaling pathways implicated for cancer stem cells self-renewal and differentiation. Natural products have minimal toxicity compared to traditional cancer therapy drugs since they have long been utilized in our food habits without any major side effects reported. Thus, targeting cancer stem cells with natural product might be a novel strategy for drug development in cancer chemoprevention and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Gairola
- Department of Biochemistry, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Shriya Gururani
- Department of Biochemistry, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Ananya Bahuguna
- Department of Biochemistry, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Vaishali Garia
- Department of Biochemistry, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Rohit Pujari
- Department of Biochemistry, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Shiv K Dubey
- Department of Biochemistry, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
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Feng D, Yan K, Liang H, Liang J, Wang W, Yu H, Zhou Y, Zhao W, Dong Z, Ling B. CBP-mediated Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling promotes cervical oncogenesis initiated by Piwil2. Neoplasia 2020; 23:1-11. [PMID: 33190089 PMCID: PMC7674161 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous work demonstrated that Piwil2 reactivated by the human papillomavirus oncoproteins E6 and E7 may reprogram somatic cells into tumor-initiating cells (TICs), which contribute to cervical neoplasia lesions. Maintaining the stemness of TICs is critical for the progression of cervical lesions. Here, we determined that canonical Wnt signaling was aberrantly activated in HaCaT cells transfected with lentivirus expressing Piwil2 and in cervical lesion specimens of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, and invasive carcinoma. Blocking the β-catenin and CREB binding protein interaction with ICG-001 significantly downregulated the reprogramming factors c-Myc, Nanog, Oct4, Sox2, and Klf4, thus leading to cell differentiation and preventing tumorigenicity in Piwil2-overexpressing HaCaT cells. Similarly, Piwil2 also critically regulated the canonical Wnt signaling pathway in cervical cancer. We further demonstrated that ICG-001 increased cisplatin sensitivity and significantly suppressed tumor growth of cervical cancer alone or in combination with cisplatin both in vitro and in vivo. The β-catenin/ CREB binding protein-mediated transcription activated by Piwil2 is essential for the maintenance of TICs, therefore contributing to the progression of cervical oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingqing Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Keqin Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Weidong Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Zhongjun Dong
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Ling
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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15
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Oh Y, Ahn CB, Je JY. Ark shell protein-derived bioactive peptides promote osteoblastic differentiation through upregulation of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13440. [PMID: 32808363 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the stimulating effect of ark shell protein-derived peptides AWLNH and PHDL on osteoblast differentiation in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) and its molecular mechanism was investigated. The hBMMSCs were cultured with two peptides and osteogenic markers were analyzed. Results showed that enhanced ALP activity and calcification were detected in the presence of AWLNH and PHDL. Based on western blotting, RT-qPCR, and immunostaining analysis, AWLNH and PHDL are specific for osteoblast differentiation of hBMMSCs through activating the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway followed by activating Runx2, osterix, and type I collagen. Loss-of-function assay with DKK-1, a Wnt antagonist, showed that the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling was essential for AWLNH and PHDL-induced osteogenesis in hBMMSCs. These findings suggested that AWLNH and PHDL can stimulate osteoblast differentiation of hBMMSCs via upregulating the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling and may be useful for a potential nutraceuticals or pharmaceuticals to treat osteoporosis. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Ark shell is a popular foodstuff in Korea. However, biological effects of its protein and peptide have not been explored in many ways. This study demonstrated that ark shell protein-derived peptides promoted osteoblast differentiation in hBMMSCs through upregulating the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling. The results of this study could be a basis to promote its application as functional foods and/or nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunok Oh
- Institute of Marine Life Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Bum Ahn
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Je
- Department of Marine-Bio Convergence Science, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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16
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Gao K, Niu J, Dang X. Wnt-3a improves functional recovery through autophagy activation via inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway after spinal cord injury. Neurosci Lett 2020; 737:135305. [PMID: 32818590 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the effect of wnt-3a on motor nerve function and its specific molecular mechanisms after spinal cord injury (SCI). This study demonstrates that the downregulated expression levels of caspases-3, caspases-9 and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) proteins and number of proportion of transferase UTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive neurons by wnt-3a treatment. Then, Nissl and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining showed that wnt-3a significantly reduced the loss of spinal anterior horn motor neurons and promoted repair of injured spinal cord tissues after SCI. The above factors constructed a favorable microenvironment for the recovery of motor nerve function after SCI. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of neuroprotection of wnt-3a on SCI, the study showed that the expression levels of Beclin-1 and light chain (LC)3-II/I in spinal cord neurons were significantly improved by wnt-3a after SCI in vitro and vivo experiments, while the effect of wnt-3a was inhibited after mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway being activated by MHY-1485. Besides, the level of p70S6K phosphorylation was inhibited by wnt-3a treatment, on the contrary, the level of p70S6K protein was elevated by wnt-3a, indicating that wnt-3a significantly activated neuronal autophagy by inhibiting mTOR signaling pathway after SCI. To further verify the correlation between neuroprotection of wnt-3a and autophagy, we found that after the rats and spinal cord neurons were combined treatment with wnt-3a and MHY-1485, the neuroprotection of wnt-3a on SCI was significantly inhibited. This study is the first to report that wnt-3a improves functional recovery through autophagy activation via inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Department of Orthopedics, Jining NO.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China.
| | - Jianbing Niu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jining NO.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China.
| | - Xiaoqian Dang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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Wu H, Xie S, Miao J, Li Y, Wang Z, Wang M, Yu Q. Lactobacillus reuteri maintains intestinal epithelial regeneration and repairs damaged intestinal mucosa. Gut Microbes 2020; 11:997-1014. [PMID: 32138622 PMCID: PMC7524370 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1734423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the regulatory effect of microbiota on the proliferation and regeneration of ISCs. Here, we found that L. reuteri stimulated the proliferation of intestinal epithelia by increasing the expression of R-spondins and thus activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The proliferation-stimulating effect of Lactobacillus on repair is further enhanced under TNF -induced intestinal mucosal damage, and the number of Lgr5+ cells is maintained. Moreover, compared to the effects of C. rodentium on the induction of intestinal inflammation and crypt hyperplasia in mice, L. reuteri protected the intestinal mucosal barrier integrity by moderately modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to avoid overactivation. L. reuteri had the ability to maintain the number of Lgr5+ cells and stimulate intestinal epithelial proliferation to repair epithelial damage and reduce proinflammatory cytokine secretion in the intestine and the LPS concentration in serum. Moreover, activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway also induced differentiation toward Paneth cells and increased antimicrobial peptide expression to inhibit C. rodentium colonization. The protective effect of Lactobacillus against C. rodentium infection disappeared upon application of the Wnt antagonist Wnt-C59 in both mice and intestinal organoids. This study demonstrates that Lactobacillus is effective at maintaining intestinal epithelial regeneration and homeostasis as well as at repairing intestinal damage after pathological injury and is thus a promising alternative therapeutic method for intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqin Wu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Shuang Xie
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jinfeng Miao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yuchen Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Minjuan Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Qinghua Yu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China,CONTACT Qinghua Yu MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, PR China
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18
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Wang S, Cai L, Zhang F, Shang X, Xiao R, Zhou H. Inhibition of EZH2 Attenuates Sorafenib Resistance by Targeting NOTCH1 Activation-Dependent Liver Cancer Stem Cells via NOTCH1-Related MicroRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Transl Oncol 2020; 13:100741. [PMID: 32092673 PMCID: PMC7036423 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired resistance and intrinsic to sorafenib therapy represents a major hurdle in improving the management of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which has been recently shown to be associated with the emergence of liver cancer stem cells (CSCs). However, it remains largely unknown whether and how histone posttranslational modifications, especially H3K27me3, are causally linked to the maintenance of self-renewal ability in sorafenib-resistant HCC. Here, we found that NOTCH1 signaling was activated in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells and NOTCH1 activation conferred hepatoma cells sorafenib resistance through enhanced self-renewal and tumorigenecity. Besides, the overexpression of EZH2 was required for the emergence of cancer stem cells following prolonged sorafenib treatment. As such, modulating EZH2 expression or activity suppressed activation of NOTCH1 pathway by elevating the expression of NOTCH1-related microRNAs, hsa-miR-21-5p and has-miR-26a-1-5p, via H3K27me3, and consequently weakened self-renewal ability and tumorigenecity and restored the anti-tumor effects of sorafenib. Overall, our results highlight the role of EZH2/NICD1 axis, and also suggest that EZH2 and NOTCH1 pathway are rational targets for therapeutic intervention in sorafenib-resistant HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- Central Laboratory, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Integrated Hospital (Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital), 208 Huancheng Dong Road, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Long Cai
- Central Laboratory, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Integrated Hospital (Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital), 208 Huancheng Dong Road, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengwei Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Integrated Hospital (Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital), 208 Huancheng Dong Road, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuechai Shang
- Central Laboratory, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Integrated Hospital (Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital), 208 Huancheng Dong Road, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Central Laboratory, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Integrated Hospital (Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital), 208 Huancheng Dong Road, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjuan Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Integrated Hospital (Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital), 208 Huancheng Dong Road, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
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19
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Transplantation of hMSCs Genome Edited with LEF1 Improves Cardio-Protective Effects in Myocardial Infarction. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 19:1186-1197. [PMID: 32069701 PMCID: PMC7019046 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapy is one of the most attractive approaches to ischemic heart diseases, such as myocardial infarction (MI). We evaluated the cardio-protective effects of the human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) stably expressing lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF1; LEF1/hUCB-MSCs) in a rat model of MI. LEF1 overexpression in hUCB-MSCs promoted cell-proliferation and anti-apoptotic effects in hypoxic conditions. For the application of its therapeutic effects in vivo, the LEF1 gene was introduced into an adeno-associated virus integration site 1 (AAVS1) locus, known as a safe harbor site on chromosome 19 by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene integration in hUCB-MSCs. Transplantation of LEF1/hUCB-MSCs onto the infarction region in the rat model significantly improved overall survival. The cardio-protective effect of LEF1/hUCB-MSCs was proven by echocardiogram parameters, including greatly improved left-ventricle ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS). Moreover, histology and immunohistochemistry successfully presented reduced MI region and fibrosis by LEF1/hUCB-MSCs. We found that these overall positive effects of LEF1/hUCB-MSCs are attributed by increased proliferation and survival of stem cells in oxidative stress conditions and by the secretion of various growth factors by LEF1. In conclusion, this study suggests that the stem cell-based therapy, conjugated with genome editing of transcription factor LEF1, which promotes cell survival, could be an effective therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular disease.
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20
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Nasr MA, Salah RA, Abd Elkodous M, Elshenawy SE, El-Badri N. Dysregulated MicroRNA Fingerprints and Methylation Patterns in Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Cancer Stem Cells, and Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:229. [PMID: 31681762 PMCID: PMC6811506 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the top causes of cancer mortality worldwide. Although HCC has been researched extensively, there is still a need for novel and effective therapeutic interventions. There is substantial evidence that initiation of carcinogenesis in liver cirrhosis, a leading cause of HCC, is mediated by cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs were also shown to be responsible for relapse and chemoresistance in several cancers, including HCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute important epigenetic markers that regulate carcinogenesis by acting post-transcriptionally on mRNAs, contributing to the progression of HCC. We have previously shown that co-culture of cancer cells with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could induce the reprogramming of MSCs into CSC-like cells. In this review, we evaluate the available data concerning the epigenetic regulation of miRNAs through methylation and the possible role of this regulation in stem cell and somatic reprogramming in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Nasr
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Radwa Ayman Salah
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - M Abd Elkodous
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Shimaa E Elshenawy
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Nagwa El-Badri
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
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21
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Zamberlam G, Lapointe E, Abedini A, Rico C, Godin P, Paquet M, DeMayo FJ, Boerboom D. SFRP4 Is a Negative Regulator of Ovarian Follicle Development and Female Fertility. Endocrinology 2019; 160:1561-1572. [PMID: 30942852 PMCID: PMC6549581 DOI: 10.1210/en.2019-00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
WNT signaling regulates a variety of ovarian processes, including follicle development, granulosa cell (GC) proliferation and differentiation, steroidogenesis, and ovulation. The secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs) comprise a family of WNT signaling antagonists. Sfrp4 expression was previously reported to be induced in ovarian GCs and cumulus cells in vivo following human chorionic gonadotropin treatment, suggesting that it may play key roles in cumulus expansion, ovulation/luteinization, and corpus luteum (CL) function. In this study, we aimed to define the physiological roles of Sfrp4 in the ovary by gene targeting. Sfrp4-null female mice were found to produce larger litters than did their wild-type littermates. Although previous studies had suggested roles of Sfrp4 in luteal cell survival, no differences in CL formation, morphology, steroidogenesis, involution, or luteal cell apoptosis were found in Sfrp4-null mice. Likewise, cumulus expansion occurred normally in Sfrp4-null mice, with minimal changes in cumulus cell gene expression. Hyperfertility in the Sfrp4-null model was ultimately attributed to decreased antral follicle atresia, leading to an enhanced ovulatory rate. Increased expression of FSH- and LH-responsive genes was found in GCs from Sfrp4-null mice, and GCs isolated from Sfrp4-null mice were found to be hyperresponsive to FSH and LH in vitro. Although Sfrp2 was found to be overexpressed in the GCs of Sfrp4-null mice (suggesting a compensatory mechanism), Sfrp2-null mice had normal fertility and ovulatory rates, and Sfrp2/4 double knockout mice did not differ from Sfrp4-null mice. Taken together, our results suggest that SFRP4 acts to attenuate GC responsiveness to gonadotropins, thereby decreasing follicle survival, ovulatory rate, and fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Zamberlam
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
- Correspondence: Gustavo Zamberlam, DMV, PhD, Université de Montréal, 3200 Rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec J2S 7C6, Canada. E-mail:
| | - Evelyne Lapointe
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Atefeh Abedini
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Charlene Rico
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Philippe Godin
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marilène Paquet
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Francesco J DeMayo
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Derek Boerboom
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
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Zhang XY, Guo H, Huang Y, Hao PQ, Yang Y, Liu Y, Guo XX, Hao Q, An S, Xu TR. Comparative interactome analysis reveals distinct and overlapping properties of Raf family kinases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:1217-1223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.05.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Yuan J, Gao Y, Sun L, Jin S, Zhang X, Liu C, Li F, Xiang J. Wnt Signaling Pathway Linked to Intestinal Regeneration via Evolutionary Patterns and Gene Expression in the Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. Front Genet 2019; 10:112. [PMID: 30838034 PMCID: PMC6390002 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many echinoderms are regenerative species that exhibit exceptional regenerative capacity, and sea cucumber is a representative organism that could regenerate the whole intestine after evisceration. There are many signaling pathways participate in the regeneration process, but it is not clear which is essential for the intestinal regeneration. In this study, we performed genome-wide comprehensive analyses on these regeneration-related signaling pathways, and found the Wnt signaling pathway was one of the most conservative pathways among regenerative species. Additionally, among these signaling pathways, we found that the Wnt signaling pathway was the only one under positive selection in regenerative echinoderms, and the only one enriched by differentially expressed genes during the intestinal regeneration. Thus, it suggests both coding sequence and gene expression of the Wnt signaling pathway have been shaped by natural selection to provide the genetic architecture for intestinal regeneration. Wnt7, Fz7, and Dvl are the three positively selected genes and also happen to be three upstream genes in the Wnt signaling pathway. They are all significantly upregulated at the early stages of regeneration, which may contribute significantly to the early activation of Wnt signaling and the initiation of intestinal regeneration. Expression knockdown of Wnt7 and Dvl by RNA interference significantly inhibit intestinal extension, implying that they are essential for intestinal regeneration. As an important regeneration-related gene, the downstream gene c-Myc is also conserved and highly expressed during the whole regeneration stages, which may make the Wnt/c-Myc signaling to be an important way to promote intestinal regeneration. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that the Wnt signaling pathway is the chosen one to play an important role in intestinal regeneration of sea cucumbers, or even in the regeneration of other echinoderms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology and CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology and Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Yi Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology and CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology and Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Lina Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology and CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology and Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Songjun Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology and CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology and Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology and CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology and Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Chengzhang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology and CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology and Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Fuhua Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology and CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology and Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianhai Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology and CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology and Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
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24
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Rioux CR, Clapper ML, Cooper HS, Michaud J, St Amant N, Koohsari H, Workman L, Kaunga E, Hensley H, Pilorget A, Gerard C. Self-antigen MASH2 combined with the AS15 immunostimulant induces tumor protection in colorectal cancer mouse models. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210261. [PMID: 30682058 PMCID: PMC6347180 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human achaete scute homolog 2 (HASH2) and its murine ortholog MASH2 are potential targets for colorectal cancer immunotherapy. We assessed immunogenicity and antitumor potential of recombinant MASH2 protein combined with AS15 immunostimulant (recMASH2+AS15) in CB6F1 and Apc+/Min-FCCC mice. CB6F1 mice received 4 injections of recMASH2+AS15 or AS15 alone before challenge with TC1-MASH2 tumor cells (Tumor Challenge). Apc+/Min-FCCC mice received 9 injections of recMASH2+AS15 or vehicle (phosphate buffer saline [PBS] or AS15 alone), before (two independent Prophylactic Studies) or after (Immunotherapy) colon adenomas were detectable by colonoscopy. CB6F1 mice immunized with recMASH2+AS15 had a significantly smaller mean tumor size and improved survival rate compared to controls (104 mm2 vs. 197 mm2 [p = 0.009] and 67% vs. 7% [p = 0.001], respectively). In Prophylactic Study 1, the mean number of colon adenomas was significantly lower in Apc+/Min-FCCC mice receiving recMASH2+AS15 compared to PBS (1.8 [95% confidence interval 1.0–3.3] vs. 5.2 [3.7–7.4], p = 0.003). Fewer microadenomas were observed in recMASH2+AS15 groups compared to PBS in both Prophylactic Studies (Study 1: mean 0.4 [0.2–1.0] vs. 1.5 [0.9–2.4], p = 0.009; Study 2: 0.4 [0.2–0.6] vs. 1.1 [0.8–1.5], p = 0.001). In the Immunotherapy Study, fewer colon adenomas tended to be observed in recMASH2+AS15-treated mice (4.1 [2.9–6.0]) compared to controls (AS15 4.7 [3.3–6.6]; PBS 4.9 [3.5–6.9]; no significant difference). recMASH2+AS15 induced MASH2-specific antibody and CD4+ responses in both mouse models. recMASH2+AS15 partially protected mice against MASH2-expressing tumors and reduced spontaneous colorectal adenomas in Apc+/Min-FCCC mice, indicating that MASH2/HASH2 antigens are targets for colorectal cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Margie L. Clapper
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Harry S. Cooper
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Laura Workman
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Esther Kaunga
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Harvey Hensley
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
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25
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El-Badawy A, Ghoneim NI, Nasr MA, Elkhenany H, Ahmed TA, Ahmed SM, El-Badri N. Telomerase reverse transcriptase coordinates with the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition through a feedback loop to define properties of breast cancer stem cells. Biol Open 2018; 7:bio.034181. [PMID: 29907642 PMCID: PMC6078341 DOI: 10.1242/bio.034181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomerase and its core component, telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), are critical for stem cell compartment integrity. Normal adult stem cells have the longest telomeres in a given tissue, a property mediated by high hTERT expression and high telomerase enzymatic activity. In contrast, cancer stem cells (CSCs) have short telomeres despite high expression of hTERT, indicating that the role of hTERT in CSCs is not limited to telomere elongation and/or maintenance. The function of hTERT in CSCs remains poorly understood. Here, we knocked down hTERT expression in CSCs and observed a morphological shift to a more epithelial phenotype, suggesting a role for hTERT in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CSCs. Therefore, in this study, we systematically explored the relationship between hTERT and EMT and identified a reciprocal, bi-directional feedback loop between hTERT and EMT in CSCs. We found that hTERT expression is mutually exclusive to the mesenchymal phenotype and that, reciprocally, loss of the mesenchymal phenotype represses hTERT expression. We also showed that hTERT plays a critical role in the expression of key CSC markers and nuclear β-catenin localization, increases the percentage of cells with side-population properties, and upregulates the CD133 expression. hTERT also promotes chemoresistance properties, tumorsphere formation and other important functional CSC properties. Subsequently, hTERT knockdown leads to the loss of the above advantages, indicating a loss of CSC properties. Our findings suggest that targeting hTERT might improve CSCs elimination by transitioning them from the aggressive mesenchymal state to a more steady epithelial state, thereby preventing cancer progression. Summary: This study describe a reciprocal, bi-directional feedback loop between hTERT and EMT to regulate properties of CSCs, suggesting that targeting hTERT may eliminate CSCs, thereby preventing cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed El-Badawy
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City 12588, Egypt
| | - Nehal I Ghoneim
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City 12588, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Nasr
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City 12588, Egypt
| | - Hoda Elkhenany
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City 12588, Egypt.,Department of Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 22785, Egypt
| | - Toka A Ahmed
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City 12588, Egypt
| | - Sara M Ahmed
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City 12588, Egypt
| | - Nagwa El-Badri
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City 12588, Egypt
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26
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Yang X, Liu Y, Li W, Li A, Sun Q. DKK4-knockdown enhances chemosensitivity of A549/DTX cells to docetaxel. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 49:899-906. [PMID: 28981599 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmx086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance greatly limits docetaxel efficiency in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Dickkopf 4 (DKK4), a negative regulator of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, is believed to be involved in various human cancers; whereas the association of DKK4 with acquired docetaxel resistance in NSCLC remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of DKK4 in the docetaxel-resistant human lung adenocarcinoma A549 (A549/DTX) cells. Our results showed that DKK4 expression was significantly increased in the A549/DTX cells compared with in the A549 cells, as well as in the culture supernatant of A549/DTX cells. DKK4 overexpression increased the resistance of A549 cells to docetaxel. DKK4-knockdown promoted inhibition of A549/DTX cell growth, and reduced the colony formation and invasion capacity of A549/DTX cells. Moreover, DKK4-knockdown promoted the pro-apoptotic effect of docetaxel characterized with caspase 3 activation and inhibition of BCL-2 expression in A549/DTX cells, which was possibly mediated by inducing the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-related signaling pathway. Thus, our results indicated that DKK4-knockdown promoted the cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic activity of A549/DTX cells, which suggests a critical role of DKK4 in docetaxel resistance of the A549 cells and provides the potential to combine docetaxel therapy with DKK4 depletion in treating NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan 030013, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Weina Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Aimin Li
- Department of Respiration, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Quan Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan 030013, China
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27
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Ci Y, Li X, Chen M, Zhong J, North BJ, Inuzuka H, He X, Li Y, Guo J, Dai X. SCF β-TRCP E3 ubiquitin ligase targets the tumor suppressor ZNRF3 for ubiquitination and degradation. Protein Cell 2018; 9:879-889. [PMID: 29497989 PMCID: PMC6160385 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-018-0510-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling has emerged as a major regulator of tissue development by governing the self-renewal and maintenance of stem cells in most tissue types. As a key upstream regulator of the Wnt pathway, the transmembrane E3 ligase ZNRF3 has recently been established to play a role in negative regulation of Wnt signaling by targeting Frizzled (FZD) receptor for ubiquitination and degradation. However, the upstream regulation of ZNRF3, in particular the turnover of ZNRF3, is still unclear. Here we report that ZNRF3 is accumulated in the presence of proteasome inhibitor treatment independent of its E3-ubiquitin ligase activity. Furthermore, the Cullin 1-specific SCF complex containing β-TRCP has been identified to directly interact with and ubiquitinate ZNRF3 thereby regulating its protein stability. Similar with the degradation of β-catenin by β-TRCP, ZNRF3 is ubiquitinated by β-TRCP in both CKI-phosphorylation- and degron-dependent manners. Thus, our findings not only identify a novel substrate for β-TRCP oncogenic regulation, but also highlight the dual regulation of Wnt signaling by β-TRCP in a context-dependent manner where β-TRCP negatively regulates Wnt signaling by targeting β-catenin, and positively regulates Wnt signaling by targeting ZNRF3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpeng Ci
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.,Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Xiaoning Li
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Maorong Chen
- The FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jiateng Zhong
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453100, China
| | - Brian J North
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Inuzuka
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Center for Advanced Stem Cell and Regenerative Research, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Xi He
- The FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yu Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Jianping Guo
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Xiangpeng Dai
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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28
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Cancer stem cell-like population is preferentially suppressed by EGFR-TKIs in EGFR-mutated PC-9 tumor models. Exp Cell Res 2018; 362:195-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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29
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El-Badawy A, Ghoneim MA, Gabr MM, Salah RA, Mohamed IK, Amer M, El-Badri N. Cancer cell-soluble factors reprogram mesenchymal stromal cells to slow cycling, chemoresistant cells with a more stem-like state. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:254. [PMID: 29115987 PMCID: PMC5688803 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0709-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play different roles in modulating tumor progression, growth, and metastasis. MSCs are recruited to the tumor site in large numbers and subsequently have an important microenvironmental role in modulating tumor progression and drug sensitivity. However, the effect of the tumor microenvironment on MSC plasticity remains poorly understood. Herein, we report a paracrine effect of cancer cells, in which they secrete soluble factors that promote a more stem-like state in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). METHODS The effect of soluble factors secreted from MCF7, Hela, and HepG2 cancer cell lines on BM-MSCs was assessed using a Transwell indirect coculture system. After 5 days of coculture, BM-MSCs were characterized by flow cytometry for surface marker expression, by qPCR for gene expression profile, and by confocal immunofluorescence for marker expression. We then measured the sensitivity of cocultured BM-MSCs to chemotherapeutic agents, their cell cycle profile, and their response to DNA damage. The sphere formation, invasive properties, and in-vivo performance of BM-MSCs after coculture with cancer cells were also measured. RESULTS Indirect coculture of cancer cells and BM-MSCs, without direct cell contact, generated slow cycling, chemoresistant spheroid stem cells that highly expressed markers of pluripotency, cancer cells, and cancer stem cells (CSCs). They also displayed properties of a side population and enhanced sphere formation in culture. Accordingly, these cells were termed cancer-induced stem cells (CiSCs). CiSCs showed a more mesenchymal phenotype that was further augmented upon TGF-β stimulation and demonstrated a high expression of the β-catenin pathway and ALDH1A1. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that MSCs, recruited to the tumor microenvironment in large numbers, may display cellular plasticity, acquire a more stem-like state, and acquire some properties of CSCs upon exposure to cancer cell-secreted factors. These acquired characteristics may contribute to tumor progression, survival, and metastasis. Our findings provide new insights into the interactions between MSCs and cancer cells, with the potential to identify novel molecular targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed El-Badawy
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, Sheikh Zayed District, 12588, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Mahmoud M. Gabr
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Radwa Ayman Salah
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, Sheikh Zayed District, 12588, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ihab K. Mohamed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa Amer
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, Sheikh Zayed District, 12588, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nagwa El-Badri
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, Sheikh Zayed District, 12588, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
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30
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Huang W, Wang P, Shen T, Hu C, Han Y, Song M, Bian Y, Li Y, Zhu Y. Aluminum Trichloride Inhibited Osteoblastic Proliferation and Downregulated the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 177:323-330. [PMID: 27830450 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0880-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) exposure inhibits bone formation. Osteoblastic proliferation promotes bone formation. Therefore, we inferred that Al may inhibit bone formation by the inhibition of osteoblastic proliferation. However, the effects and molecular mechanisms of Al on osteoblastic proliferation are still under investigation. Osteoblastic proliferation can be regulated by Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. To investigate the effects of Al on osteoblastic proliferation and whether Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in it, osteoblasts from neonatal rats were cultured and exposed to 0, 0.4 mM (1/20 IC50), 0.8 mM (1/10 IC50), and 1.6 mM (1/5 IC50) of aluminum trichloride (AlCl3) for 24 h, respectively. The osteoblastic proliferation rates; Wnt3a, lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP-5), T cell factor 1 (TCF-1), cyclin D1, and c-Myc messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions; and p-glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), GSK3β, and β-catenin protein expressions indicated that AlCl3 inhibited osteoblastic proliferation and downregulated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. In addition, the AlCl3 concentration was negatively correlated with osteoblastic proliferation rates and the mRNA expressions of Wnt3a, c-Myc, and cyclin D1, while the osteoblastic proliferation rates were positively correlated with mRNA expressions of Wnt3a, c-Myc, and cyclin D1. Taken together, these findings indicated that AlCl3 inhibits osteoblastic proliferation may be associated with the inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyue Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Peiyan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Tongtong Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Chongwei Hu
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yanfei Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Miao Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yu Bian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Yanzhu Zhu
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130112, China.
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31
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Chen YX, Zhu R, Xu ZL, Ke QF, Zhang CQ, Guo YP. Self-assembly of pifithrin-α-loaded layered double hydroxide/chitosan nanohybrid composites as a drug delivery system for bone repair materials. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:2245-2253. [PMID: 32263615 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02730j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly of pifithrin-α-loaded layered double hydroxide/chitosan nanohybrid composites as a drug delivery system was demonstrated for the first time to improve the cytocompatibility and enhance the osteoinductivity for the treatment of bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xuan Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Rong Zhu
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- Shanghai Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Zheng-liang Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Qin-Fei Ke
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- Shanghai Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Chang-Qing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Ya-Ping Guo
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- Shanghai Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
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32
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Zhu J, Jiang Y, Yang X, Wang S, Xie C, Li X, Li Y, Chen Y, Wang X, Meng Y, Zhu M, Wu R, Huang C, Ma X, Geng S, Wu J, Zhong C. Wnt/β-catenin pathway mediates (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) inhibition of lung cancer stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 482:15-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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33
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Wnt5a Increases Properties of Lung Cancer Stem Cells and Resistance to Cisplatin through Activation of Wnt5a/PKC Signaling Pathway. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:1690896. [PMID: 27895670 PMCID: PMC5118537 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1690896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of chemoresistance to cisplatin regimens causes a poor prognosis in patients with advanced NSCLC. The role of noncanonical Wnt signaling in the regulation of properties of lung cancer stem cells and chemoresistance was interrogated, by accessing capacities of cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and clonogenicity as well as the apoptosis in A549 cell lines and cisplatin-resistant A549 cells treated with Wnt5a conditional medium or protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor GF109203X. Results showed that the noncanonical Wnt signaling ligand, Wnt5a, could promote the proliferation, migration, invasion, and colony formation in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells and cisplatin-resistant A549/DDP cells and increase the fraction of ALDH-positive cell in A549/DDP cells. An exposure of cells to Wnt5a led to a significant reduction of A549/DDP cell apoptosis but not A549 cells. An addition of GF109203X could both strikingly increase the baseline apoptosis and resensitize the Wnt5a-inhibited cell apoptosis. Interestingly, an inhibition of Wnt/PKC signaling pathway could reduce properties of lung cancer stem cells, promote cell apoptosis, and resensitize cisplatin-resistant cells to cisplatin via a caspase/AIF-dependent pathway. These data thus suggested that the Wnt5a could promote lung cancer cell mobility and cisplatin-resistance through a Wnt/PKC signaling pathway and a blockage of this signaling may be an alternative therapeutic strategy for NSCLC patients with resistance to chemotherapies.
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Xu Z, Xu X, O’Laoi R, Ma H, Zheng J, Chen S, Luo L, Hu Z, He S, Li J, Zhang H, Zhang X. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of novel porcupine inhibitors featuring a fused 3-ring system based on the ‘reversed’ amide scaffold. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:5861-5872. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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35
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UNC119 mediates gambogic acid-induced cell-cycle dysregulation through the Gsk3β/β-catenin pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Anticancer Drugs 2016; 27:988-1000. [DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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36
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Xue YL, Meng XQ, Ma LJ, Yuan Z. Plumbagin exhibits an anti-proliferative effect in human osteosarcoma cells by downregulating FHL2 and interfering with Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:1095-1100. [PMID: 27446400 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Plumbagin, a naphthoquinone constituent of Plumbago zeylanica L. (Plumbaginaceae) is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine as an antifungal, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agent. Plumbagin is known to exhibit proapoptotic, antiangiogenic and antimetastatic effects in cancer cells. The transcriptional co-factor four and a half LIM domains 2 (FHL2) is a multifunctional adaptor protein that is involved in the regulation of gene expression, signal transduction and cell proliferation and differentiation, and also acts as a tumor suppressor or oncoprotein depending on the tissue microenvironment. The present study investigated the effect of plumbagin on FHL2 expression, Wnt/β-catenin signalling and its anti-proliferative activity in various human osteosarcoma cell lines, including SaOS2, MG63, HOS and U2OS. The cells were exposed to plumbagin and the expression of FHL2 was evaluated using western blot analysis. Furthermore, the anti-proliferative effect of plumbagin was evaluated using a 3-(4,5 dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. In addition, since FHL2 is involved in Wnt/β-catenin signaling, the effect of plumbagin on β-catenin and its primary target genes, including v-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog (c-Myc) and WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein-1 (WISP-1), was evaluated using western blot analysis. It was observed that plumbagin suppressed the expression of FHL2 and exhibited significant anti-proliferative activity in osteosarcoma cells. It also attenuated Wnt/β-catenin signalling by downregulating β-catenin and its target genes, including c-Myc and WISP-1. In conclusion, plumbagin demonstrated anti-proliferative activity in osteosarcoma cells by downregulating FHL2 and interfering with Wnt/β-catenin signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Liang Xue
- Department of Orthopedics of Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Qi Meng
- Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Long-Jun Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Yangxin, Binzhou, Shandong 251800, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
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Rios C, D'Ippolito G, Curtis KM, Delcroix GJR, Gomez LA, El Hokayem J, Rieger M, Parrondo R, de Las Pozas A, Perez-Stable C, Howard GA, Schiller PC. Low Oxygen Modulates Multiple Signaling Pathways, Increasing Self-Renewal, While Decreasing Differentiation, Senescence, and Apoptosis in Stromal MIAMI Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 25:848-60. [PMID: 27059084 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human bone marrow multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell (hMSC) number decreases with aging. Subpopulations of hMSCs can differentiate into cells found in bone, vasculature, cartilage, gut, and other tissues and participate in their repair. Maintaining throughout adult life such cell subpopulations should help prevent or delay the onset of age-related degenerative conditions. Low oxygen tension, the physiological environment in progenitor cell-rich regions of the bone marrow microarchitecture, stimulates the self-renewal of marrow-isolated adult multilineage inducible (MIAMI) cells and expression of Sox2, Nanog, Oct4a nuclear accumulation, Notch intracellular domain, notch target genes, neuronal transcriptional repressor element 1 (RE1)-silencing transcription factor (REST), and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), and additionally, by decreasing the expression of (i) the proapoptotic proteins, apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and Bak, and (ii) senescence-associated p53 expression and β-galactosidase activity. Furthermore, low oxygen increases canonical Wnt pathway signaling coreceptor Lrp5 expression, and PI3K/Akt pathway activation. Lrp5 inhibition decreases self-renewal marker Sox2 mRNA, Oct4a nuclear accumulation, and cell numbers. Wortmannin-mediated PI3K/Akt pathway inhibition leads to increased osteoblastic differentiation at both low and high oxygen tension. We demonstrate that low oxygen stimulates a complex signaling network involving PI3K/Akt, Notch, and canonical Wnt pathways, which mediate the observed increase in nuclear Oct4a and REST, with simultaneous decrease in p53, AIF, and Bak. Collectively, these pathway activations contribute to increased self-renewal with concomitant decreased differentiation, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and/or senescence in MIAMI cells. Importantly, the PI3K/Akt pathway plays a central mechanistic role in the oxygen tension-regulated self-renewal versus osteoblastic differentiation of progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Rios
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida.,2 GRECC and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Miami, Florida
| | - Gianluca D'Ippolito
- 2 GRECC and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Miami, Florida.,3 Department of Orthopaedics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida.,4 Geriatrics Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida.,5 Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida.,6 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami , Coral Gables, Florida
| | - Kevin M Curtis
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida.,2 GRECC and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Miami, Florida
| | - Gaëtan J-R Delcroix
- 2 GRECC and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Miami, Florida.,3 Department of Orthopaedics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida.,5 Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
| | - Lourdes A Gomez
- 2 GRECC and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Miami, Florida
| | - Jimmy El Hokayem
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
| | - Megan Rieger
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
| | - Ricardo Parrondo
- 2 GRECC and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Miami, Florida
| | - Alicia de Las Pozas
- 2 GRECC and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Miami, Florida
| | - Carlos Perez-Stable
- 2 GRECC and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Miami, Florida.,7 Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
| | - Guy A Howard
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida.,2 GRECC and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Miami, Florida.,7 Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
| | - Paul C Schiller
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida.,2 GRECC and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Miami, Florida.,3 Department of Orthopaedics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida.,4 Geriatrics Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida.,5 Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
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38
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Park JW, Park JM, Park DM, Kim DY, Kim HK. Stem Cells Antigen-1 Enriches for a Cancer Stem Cell-Like Subpopulation in Mouse Gastric Cancer. Stem Cells 2016; 34:1177-87. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.2329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Won Park
- Biomolecular Function Research Branch Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics, Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics; National Cancer Center; Goyang Gyeonggi Republic of Korea
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Park
- Biomolecular Function Research Branch Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics, Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics; National Cancer Center; Goyang Gyeonggi Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Min Park
- Biomolecular Function Research Branch Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics, Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics; National Cancer Center; Goyang Gyeonggi Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Yong Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Hark Kyun Kim
- Biomolecular Function Research Branch Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics, Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics; National Cancer Center; Goyang Gyeonggi Republic of Korea
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Zhang J, Lu X, Feng G, Gu Z, Sun Y, Bao G, Xu G, Lu Y, Chen J, Xu L, Feng X, Cui Z. Chitosan scaffolds induce human dental pulp stem cells to neural differentiation: potential roles for spinal cord injury therapy. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 366:129-42. [PMID: 27147262 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2402-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cell-based transplantation strategies hold great potential for spinal cord injury (SCI) repair. Chitosan scaffolds have therapeutic benefits for spinal cord regeneration. Human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are abundant available stem cells with low immunological incompatibility and can be considered for cell replacement therapy. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of chitosan scaffolds in the neural differentiation of DPSCs in vitro and to assess the supportive effects of chitosan scaffolds in an animal model of SCI. DPSCs were incubated with chitosan scaffolds. Cell viability and the secretion of neurotrophic factors were analyzed. DPSCs incubated with chitosan scaffolds were treated with neural differentiation medium for 14 days and then neural genes and protein markers were analyzed by Western blot and reverse transcription plus the polymerase chain reaction. Our study revealed a higher cell viability and neural differentiation in the DPSC/chitosan-scaffold group. Compared with the control group, the levels of BDNF, GDNF, b-NGF, and NT-3 were significantly increased in the DPSC/chitosan-scaffold group. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway played a key role in the neural differentiation of DPSCs combined with chitosan scaffolds. Transplantation of DPSCs together with chitosan scaffolds into an SCI rat model resulted in the marked recovery of hind limb locomotor functions. Thus, chitosan scaffolds were non-cytotoxic and provided a conducive and favorable microenvironment for the survival and neural differentiation of DPSCs. Transplantation of DPSCs might therefore be a suitable candidate for treating SCI and other neuronal degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Xiaohui Lu
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Guijuan Feng
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Zhifeng Gu
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Yuyu Sun
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Guofeng Bao
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Guanhua Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Yuanzhou Lu
- Department of Cardiology Medical, Tongzhou First People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226300, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Lingfeng Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Xingmei Feng
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China.
| | - Zhiming Cui
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China.
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40
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Srinivasan T, Walters J, Bu P, Than EB, Tung KL, Chen KY, Panarelli N, Milsom J, Augenlicht L, Lipkin SM, Shen X. NOTCH Signaling Regulates Asymmetric Cell Fate of Fast- and Slow-Cycling Colon Cancer-Initiating Cells. Cancer Res 2016; 76:3411-21. [PMID: 27197180 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-3198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer cells with stem-like properties, referred to as colon cancer-initiating cells (CCIC), have high tumorigenic potential. While CCIC can differentiate to promote cellular heterogeneity, it remains unclear whether CCIC within a tumor contain distinct subpopulations. Here, we describe the co-existence of fast- and slow-cycling CCIC, which can undergo asymmetric division to generate each other, highlighting CCIC plasticity and interconvertibility. Fast-cycling CCIC express markers, such as LGR5 and CD133, rely on MYC for their proliferation, whereas slow-cycling CCIC express markers, such as BMI1 and hTERT, are independent of MYC. NOTCH signaling promotes asymmetric cell fate, regulating the balance between these two populations. Overall, our results illuminate the basis for CCIC heterogeneity and plasticity by defining a direct interconversion mechanism between slow- and fast-cycling CCIC. Cancer Res; 76(11); 3411-21. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Srinivasan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Jewell Walters
- Departments of Medicine, Genetic Medicine Surgery and Pathology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Pengcheng Bu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Elaine Bich Than
- Departments of Medicine, Genetic Medicine Surgery and Pathology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Kuei-Ling Tung
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Kai-Yuan Chen
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Nicole Panarelli
- Departments of Medicine, Genetic Medicine Surgery and Pathology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Jeff Milsom
- Departments of Medicine, Genetic Medicine Surgery and Pathology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Leonard Augenlicht
- Medicine and Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Steven M Lipkin
- Departments of Medicine, Genetic Medicine Surgery and Pathology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.
| | - Xiling Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
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41
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Eo HJ, Park GH, Jeong JB. Inhibition of Wnt Signaling by Silymarin in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2016; 24:380-6. [PMID: 27068260 PMCID: PMC4930281 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2015.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Silymarin from milk thistle (Silybum marianum) has been reported to show an anti-cancer activity. In previous study, we reported that silymarin induces cyclin D1 proteasomal degradation through NF-κB-mediated threonine-286 phosphorylation. However, mechanism for the inhibition of Wnt signaling by silymarin still remains unanswered. Thus, we investigated whether silymarin affects Wnt signaling in human colorectal cancer cells to elucidate the additional anti-cancer mechanism of silymarin. Transient transfection with a TOP and FOP FLASH luciferase construct indicated that silymarin suppressed the transcriptional activity of β-catenin/TCF. Silymarin treatment resulted in a decrease of intracellular β-catenin protein but not mRNA. The inhibition of proteasome by MG132 and GSK3β inhibition by SB216763 blocked silymarin-mediated downregulation of β-catenin. In addition, silymarin increased phosphorylation of β-catenin and a point mutation of S33Y attenuated silymarin-mediated β-catenin downregulation. In addition, silymarin decreased TCF4 and increased Axin expression in both protein and mRNA level. From these results, we suggest that silymarin-mediated downregulation of β-catenin and TCF4 may result in the inhibition of Wnt signaling in human colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ji Eo
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang Hun Park
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Boo Jeong
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea
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42
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Yang J, Chen J, He J, Li J, Shi J, Cho WC, Liu X. Wnt signaling as potential therapeutic target in lung cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 20:999-1015. [PMID: 26882052 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2016.1154945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Wingless-type (Wnt) signaling is tightly regulated at multiple cellular levels and is dysregulated in lung cancer. Therefore, it offers therapeutic targets for developing novel agents for lung cancer treatment. AREAS COVERED In this article, we discuss the role of the Wnt signaling pathway in lung cancer, highlighting the aberrant activation of Wnt in lung cancer stem cells and its implication in resistance to radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy. We also expound the regulatory roles of microRNAs in Wnt signaling, as well as the potential of the Wnt pathway to provide biomarkers and therapeutic targets in lung cancer. The potential use of small molecule and biological inhibitors targeting the Wnt pathway for lung cancer therapy and prevention is also discussed. EXPERT OPINION Wnt signaling plays an important role in the development and metastasis of lung cancer; the pathway provides targets to develop agents towards for cancer prevention and therapy. A number of clinical trials have shown the effectiveness of Wnt pathway inhibitors in epithelial tumors. However, the side effects should be considered. Nevertheless, the results from clinical studies suggest that inhibitors targeting the Wnt signaling show promise against lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Yang
- a Ningxia Key laboratory of Clinical and Pathogenic Microbiology , Center of Laboratory Medicine of General Hospital at Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan , Ningxia 750004 , China
| | - Juan Chen
- b Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine , General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan , Ningxia , China
| | - Jinxi He
- c Department of Thoracic Surgery , General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan , Ningxia , China
| | - Jing Li
- c Department of Thoracic Surgery , General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan , Ningxia , China
| | - Juan Shi
- a Ningxia Key laboratory of Clinical and Pathogenic Microbiology , Center of Laboratory Medicine of General Hospital at Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan , Ningxia 750004 , China
| | - William C Cho
- d Department of Clinical Oncology , Queen Elizabeth Hospital , Kowloon , Hong Kong
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- a Ningxia Key laboratory of Clinical and Pathogenic Microbiology , Center of Laboratory Medicine of General Hospital at Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan , Ningxia 750004 , China.,e Human Stem Cell Institute, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan , Ningxia , China
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43
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Matsuoka T, Yashiro M. Molecular targets for the treatment of pancreatic cancer: Clinical and experimental studies. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:776-789. [PMID: 26811624 PMCID: PMC4716076 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i2.776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Although recent therapeutic developments for patients with pancreatic cancer have provided survival benefits, the outcomes for patients with pancreatic cancer remain unsatisfactory. Molecularly targeted cancer therapy has advanced in the past decade with the use of a number of pathways as candidates of therapeutic targets. This review summarizes the molecular features of this refractory disease while focusing on the recent clinical and experimental findings on pancreatic cancer. It also discusses the data supporting current standard clinical outcomes, and offers conclusions that may improve the management of pancreatic cancer in the future.
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44
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Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Viral Interferon Regulatory Factor 4 (vIRF4) Perturbs the G1-S Cell Cycle Progression via Deregulation of the cyclin D1 Gene. J Virol 2015; 90:1139-43. [PMID: 26491150 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01897-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection modulates the host cell cycle to create an environment optimal for its viral-DNA replication during the lytic life cycle. We report here that KSHV vIRF4 targets the β-catenin/CBP cofactor and blocks its occupancy on the cyclin D1 promoter, suppressing the G1-S cell cycle progression and enhancing KSHV replication. This shows that KSHV vIRF4 suppresses host G1-S transition, possibly providing an intracellular milieu favorable for its replication.
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45
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Qi W, Chen J, Cheng X, Huang J, Xiang T, Li Q, Long H, Zhu B. Targeting the Wnt-Regulatory Protein CTNNBIP1 by microRNA-214 Enhances the Stemness and Self-Renewal of Cancer Stem-Like Cells in Lung Adenocarcinomas. Stem Cells 2015; 33:3423-36. [PMID: 26299367 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel hypothesis in cancer biology proposes that cancer growth is driven by cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs), also called tumor-initiating cells, which can self-renew and differentiate into multilineage progeny in a fashion similar to stem cells. However, the impact and underlying mechanisms of this process in lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) remain to be elucidated. Here, we report that microRNA-214 (miR-214) contributes to cell self-renewal by directly targeting catenin beta interacting protein 1 (CTNNBIP1), a member of the Wnt signaling pathway. We demonstrate that miR-214 overexpression enhances stem-like properties in LAC cells and that miR-214 shows increased expression in CSLCs derived from primary tumor tissue and from two LAC cell lines (A549 and NCI-H1650). Strikingly, downregulation of miR-214 expression in CSLCs resulted in a significant decrease in spheroid formation and the expression of the stem-cell markers Nanog, Oct-4, and Sox-2. Finally, CTNNBIP1 was identified as a target of miR-214. miR-214 expression in LAC was negatively correlated with CTNNBIP1 expression and positively correlated with differentiated cellular states. Moreover, CTNNBIP1 expression correlated with longer overall survival in LAC patients. This study reveals that miR-214 plays a critical role in CSLC self-renewal and stemness by targeting CTNNBIP1. The identification of this functional miR-214-CTNNBIP1 interaction that regulates self-renewal in CSLCs has the potential to direct the development of novel therapeutic strategies for LAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qi
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junying Chen
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Cheng
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiani Huang
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Xiang
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qijing Li
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Haixia Long
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Biomedical Analysis Center, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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46
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Gianì F, Vella V, Nicolosi ML, Fierabracci A, Lotta S, Malaguarnera R, Belfiore A, Vigneri R, Frasca F. Thyrospheres From Normal or Malignant Thyroid Tissue Have Different Biological, Functional, and Genetic Features. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100:E1168-78. [PMID: 26151334 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-4163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cancer stem cells from several human malignancies, including poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma and thyroid cancer cell lines, have been cultured in vitro as sphere-forming cells. These thyroid cancer stem cells were proven to be able to reproduce the original tumor in a xenograft orthotopic model. OBJECTIVES The objective of the study was to characterize papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) spheres from well-differentiated thyroid cancer and normal thyroid (NT) spheres obtained from the contralateral thyroid tissue of the same patient. DESIGN Thyrospheres from PTCs and NTs were isolated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Gene expression analysis by real-time PCR, immunofluorescence studies, and fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis in thyrospheres from PTCs and NTs have been evaluated. CONCLUSIONS Compared with NT spheres, PTC spheres are larger, more irregular, and more clonogenic and have a higher rate of symmetric division. Moreover, PTC spheres express higher levels of stem cell markers and lower levels of thyroid-specific genes compared with NT spheres. Under appropriate conditions, NT spheres differentiated into thyrocytes, whereas PTC spheres did not, displaying a defect in the differentiation potential. Immunofluorescence experiments indicated that, in NT spheres, progenitor cells are mainly present in the sphere core, and the sphere periphery contains thyroid precursor cells already committed to differentiation. PTC spheres are not polarized like NT spheres. Unlike cells differentiated from NT spheres, TSH did not significantly stimulate cAMP production in cells differentiated from PTC spheres. A microarray analysis performed in paired samples (NT and PTC spheres from the same patient) indicated that NT and PTC spheres display a gene expression pattern typical of stem/progenitor cells; however, compared with NT spheres, PTC spheres display a unique gene expression pattern that might be involved in PTC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorenza Gianì
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Bio-Medicine (F.G., V.V., M.L.N., S.L., R.V., F.F.), Endocrinology Unit, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; Immunology and Pharmacotherapy Area (A.F.), Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, 00165 Rome, Italy; Department of Motor Sciences (V.V.), School of Human and Social Sciences, "Kore" University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy; Division of Endocrinology (R.M., A.B.), Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; and HUMANITAS (R.V.), Catania Oncology Center, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Veronica Vella
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Bio-Medicine (F.G., V.V., M.L.N., S.L., R.V., F.F.), Endocrinology Unit, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; Immunology and Pharmacotherapy Area (A.F.), Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, 00165 Rome, Italy; Department of Motor Sciences (V.V.), School of Human and Social Sciences, "Kore" University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy; Division of Endocrinology (R.M., A.B.), Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; and HUMANITAS (R.V.), Catania Oncology Center, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Nicolosi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Bio-Medicine (F.G., V.V., M.L.N., S.L., R.V., F.F.), Endocrinology Unit, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; Immunology and Pharmacotherapy Area (A.F.), Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, 00165 Rome, Italy; Department of Motor Sciences (V.V.), School of Human and Social Sciences, "Kore" University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy; Division of Endocrinology (R.M., A.B.), Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; and HUMANITAS (R.V.), Catania Oncology Center, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fierabracci
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Bio-Medicine (F.G., V.V., M.L.N., S.L., R.V., F.F.), Endocrinology Unit, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; Immunology and Pharmacotherapy Area (A.F.), Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, 00165 Rome, Italy; Department of Motor Sciences (V.V.), School of Human and Social Sciences, "Kore" University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy; Division of Endocrinology (R.M., A.B.), Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; and HUMANITAS (R.V.), Catania Oncology Center, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Sonia Lotta
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Bio-Medicine (F.G., V.V., M.L.N., S.L., R.V., F.F.), Endocrinology Unit, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; Immunology and Pharmacotherapy Area (A.F.), Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, 00165 Rome, Italy; Department of Motor Sciences (V.V.), School of Human and Social Sciences, "Kore" University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy; Division of Endocrinology (R.M., A.B.), Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; and HUMANITAS (R.V.), Catania Oncology Center, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Roberta Malaguarnera
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Bio-Medicine (F.G., V.V., M.L.N., S.L., R.V., F.F.), Endocrinology Unit, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; Immunology and Pharmacotherapy Area (A.F.), Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, 00165 Rome, Italy; Department of Motor Sciences (V.V.), School of Human and Social Sciences, "Kore" University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy; Division of Endocrinology (R.M., A.B.), Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; and HUMANITAS (R.V.), Catania Oncology Center, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Bio-Medicine (F.G., V.V., M.L.N., S.L., R.V., F.F.), Endocrinology Unit, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; Immunology and Pharmacotherapy Area (A.F.), Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, 00165 Rome, Italy; Department of Motor Sciences (V.V.), School of Human and Social Sciences, "Kore" University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy; Division of Endocrinology (R.M., A.B.), Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; and HUMANITAS (R.V.), Catania Oncology Center, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Riccardo Vigneri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Bio-Medicine (F.G., V.V., M.L.N., S.L., R.V., F.F.), Endocrinology Unit, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; Immunology and Pharmacotherapy Area (A.F.), Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, 00165 Rome, Italy; Department of Motor Sciences (V.V.), School of Human and Social Sciences, "Kore" University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy; Division of Endocrinology (R.M., A.B.), Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; and HUMANITAS (R.V.), Catania Oncology Center, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Frasca
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Bio-Medicine (F.G., V.V., M.L.N., S.L., R.V., F.F.), Endocrinology Unit, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; Immunology and Pharmacotherapy Area (A.F.), Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, 00165 Rome, Italy; Department of Motor Sciences (V.V.), School of Human and Social Sciences, "Kore" University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy; Division of Endocrinology (R.M., A.B.), Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; and HUMANITAS (R.V.), Catania Oncology Center, 95126 Catania, Italy
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Zhao L, Miao HC, Li WJ, Sun Y, Huang SL, Li ZY, Guo QL. LW-213 induces G2/M cell cycle arrest through AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway in human breast cancer cells. Mol Carcinog 2015; 55:778-92. [PMID: 25945460 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Revised: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
LW-213 is a derivative of Wogonin and the anticancer activities of Wogonin have been reported. To study whether LW-213 inhibits cancer cells and explore a possible mechanism, we investigate the compound in several cancer cell lines. We found LW-213 arrests G2/M cycle in breast cancer cells by suppression of Akt/Gsk3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. In compound treated cells, cell cycle-related proteins cyclin A, cyclin B1, p-CDK1, p-Cdc25C, and p-Chk2 (Thr68) were upregulated, and β-catenin nuclear translocation was inhibited. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay revealed LW-213 inhibits binding of β-catenin/LEF complex to DNA. GSK3β inhibitor LiCl and siRNA against GSK3β partially reversed G2/M arrest in breast cancer MCF-7 cells. These results suggest LW-213 triggered G2/M cell cycle arrest through suppression of β-catenin signaling. In BALB/c mice, growth of xenotransplanted MCF-7 tumor was also inhibited after treatment of LW-213. Regulation of cyclin A, cyclin B1, and β-catenin by LW-213 in vivo was the same as in vitro study. In conclusion, we found LW-213 exerts its anticancer effect on cell proliferation and cell cycle through repression of Akt/Gsk3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. LW-213 could be a potential candidate for anticancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- School of pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Chi Miao
- School of pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- School of pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Sun
- School of pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Liang Huang
- School of pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Yu Li
- School of pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Long Guo
- School of pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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48
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Xu S, Yang Z, Zhang J, Jiang Y, Chen Y, Li H, Liu X, Xu D, Chen Y, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Li D, Xia J. Increased levels of β-catenin, LEF-1, and HPA-1 correlate with poor prognosis for acral melanoma with negative BRAF and NRAS mutation in BRAF exons 11 and 15 and NRAS exons 1 and 2. DNA Cell Biol 2015; 34:69-77. [PMID: 25343173 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2014.2590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the expression of β-catenin, lymphoid enhancer-binding protein-1 (LEF-1), and heparanase-1 (HPA-1) and to evaluate these proteins' potential prognostic values in malignant acral melanoma without mutations in BRAF exons 11 and 15 and NRAS exons 1 and 2, specimens from 90 patients with wild-type BRAF and NRAS were assessed and analyzed by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. The positive expression of β-catenin, lymphoid enhancer-binding protein-1, and heparanase-1 was observed in 36 (72%), 31 (62%), and 32 (64%) of the detected acral melanomas, respectively. The expression of β-catenin, lymphoid enhancer-binding protein-1, and heparanase-1 was not correlated with gender, age, or diseased body parts (p>0.05), but was significantly positively correlated with the tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage and metastasis (correlation=0.406 and 0.716, 0.397 and 0.582, 0.353 and 0.579; p=0.040 and 0.0001, 0.0040 and 0.0001, 0.0120 and 0.0001, respectively). We also observed that the increased expression of β-catenin, lymphoid enhancer-binding protein-1, and heparanase-1 was significantly correlated with decreased survival and poor prognosis (p=0.001, 0.010, and 0.023, respectively). A multifactorial analysis using Cox's regression model revealed that β-catenin, lymphoid enhancer-binding protein-1, heparanase-1, and the TNM stage were all independent factors in malignant melanoma (risk ratios were 7.294, 5.550, 5.622, and 4.794; p-values were 0.007, 0.018, 0.018, and 0.029, respectively). This study may provide the basis for the use of β-catenin, lymphoid enhancer-binding protein-1, and heparanase-1 as novel targets in the treatment of malignant invasion and metastasis in acral melanoma cancer. The expression of β-catenin, LEF-1, and HPA-1 was assessed and compared in malignant melanoma with that of peritumoral tissue and benign nevus in the patients with negative mutations in BRAF exons 11 and 15 and NRAS exons 1 and 2. The study may provide the basis for β-catenin, LEF-1, and HPA-1 as new targets in the treatment of malignant invasion and metastasis in melanoma cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanxiong Xu
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province , Kunming, People's Republic of China
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Hölsken A, Stache C, Schlaffer SM, Flitsch J, Fahlbusch R, Buchfelder M, Buslei R. Adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas express tumor stem cell markers in cells with activated Wnt signaling: further evidence for the existence of a tumor stem cell niche? Pituitary 2014; 17:546-56. [PMID: 24356780 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-013-0543-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early disease onset, clinical manifestation, histomorphology, and increased tendency to relapse distinguish the adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (adaCP) from the more favorable papillary variant (papCP). A molecular hallmark of adaCP is the activated Wnt signaling pathway indicated by nuclear β-catenin accumulation in a subset of tumor cells. A mouse model recently illustrated that these cells are the driving force in tumorigenesis of adaCP. This observation and the peculiar growth pattern points to the existence of a specific tumor stem cell (TSC) population in human CP. MATERIALS AND METHODS To prove this hypothesis, the TSC markers CD133 (Prominin1) and CD44 were examined in papCP (n = 8) and adaCP (n = 25) on mRNA level using quantitative real time PCR of total tumor RNA. Furthermore, we investigated protein expression performing immunohistochemical analyses of formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tumor samples. RESULTS PapCP revealed a homogenous CD44 expression pattern predominantly at the cell membrane, whereas CD133 labeling was hardly detectable. In adaCP, on the other hand all markers were consistently and predominantly co-expressed in nuclear β-catenin accumulating cell clusters, which was confirmed by double immunofluorescence staining. Overall expression of CD44 was significantly decreased in adaCP versus papCP, whereas CD133 showed significantly higher protein and mRNA levels in adaCP. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate tumor stem cell-like characteristics of β-catenin accumulating cell clusters in adaCP, which may represent a tumor stem cell niche and might contribute to tumor recurrence. The potential impact of these special cell groups in regard to future CP management, including postoperative follow-up and additional treatment remains to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annett Hölsken
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany,
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Liu K, Luo Y, Tian H, Yu KZ, He JX, Shen WY. The tumor suppressor LKB1 antagonizes WNT signaling pathway through modulating GSK3β activity in cell growth of esophageal carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:995-1002. [PMID: 24022664 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1133-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor LKB1 gene encodes a serine-threonine kinase that regulates cell proliferation and polarity. Inactivation of LKB1 by mutations in LKB1 or loss of its expression is highly correlated with lung, ovarian, and pancreatic cancers, and WNT/β-catenin pathway is also known to be involved in many human malignancies. However, the relationship between LKB1 and WNT signaling pathway in esophageal carcinoma remains unknown. The expression of LKB1 in 62 cases of esophageal cancer patients was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. It was found that LKB1 mRNA level was significantly lower than the adjacent normal epithelium and that the LKB1 downregulation was correlating with TNM stages. Moreover, the expression of WNT target genes such as Cyclin D1, C-MYC, MMP2, and FZD2 was significantly upregulated in esophageal cancer tissues. LKB1 overexpression in TE10 cells inhibited TOPFlash luciferase reporter activity and WNT target gene expression even in the presence of WNT3A. Conversely, LKB1 knockdown enhanced WNT signaling activity in esophageal cancer cells. It was also found that LKB1 antagonized WNT signaling pathway through interaction with GSK3β to downregulate β-catenin expression level. Functional investigation revealed that LKB1 suppressed the promotion effects of WNT3A on the cell growth of TE10 cells. The LKB1 functions in regulating cell growth and WNT target genes expression were impaired by GSK3β inhibition, suggesting that LKB1 antagonized WNT-induced cell proliferation through enhancement of GSK3β activity. Together, the interaction between LKB1 and GSK3β upregulates GSK3β activity to suppress WNT-induced cell proliferation in esophageal carcinoma cells. Loss of LKB1 expression may result in the deregulation of WNT/β-catenin pathway to promote malignant progression of esophageal cancer.
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