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Zhou C, Zhao D, Wu C, Wu Z, Zhang W, Chen S, Zhao X, Wu S. Role of histone deacetylase inhibitors in non-neoplastic diseases. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33997. [PMID: 39071622 PMCID: PMC11283006 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Epigenetic dysregulation has been implicated in the development and progression of a variety of human diseases, but epigenetic changes are reversible, and epigenetic enzymes and regulatory proteins can be targeted using small molecules. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis), as a class of epigenetic drugs, are widely used to treat various cancers and other diseases involving abnormal gene expression. Results Specially, HDACis have emerged as a promising strategy to enhance the therapeutic effect of non-neoplastic conditions, including neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, renal diseases, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, infectious diseases and rare diseases, along with their related mechanisms. However, their clinical efficacy has been limited by drug resistance and toxicity. Conclusions To date, most clinical trials of HDAC inhibitors have been related to the treatment of cancer rather than the treatment of non-cancer diseases, for which experimental studies are gradually underway. Discussions regarding non-neoplastic diseases often concentrate on specific disease types. Therefore, this review highlights the development of HDACis and their potential therapeutic applications in non-neoplastic diseases, either as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs or therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Zhou
- College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Dengke Zhao
- Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Chunyan Wu
- College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Zhimin Wu
- College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Shilv Chen
- College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Xindong Zhao
- College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Shaoling Wu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
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2
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Feitelson MA, Arzumanyan A, Medhat A, Spector I. Short-chain fatty acids in cancer pathogenesis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:677-698. [PMID: 37432606 PMCID: PMC10584782 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10117-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a multi-step process that can be viewed as a cellular and immunological shift away from homeostasis in response to selected infectious agents, mutations, diet, and environmental carcinogens. Homeostasis, which contributes importantly to the definition of "health," is maintained, in part by the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are metabolites of specific gut bacteria. Alteration in the composition of gut bacteria, or dysbiosis, is often a major risk factor for some two dozen tumor types. Dysbiosis is often characterized by diminished levels of SCFAs in the stool, and the presence of a "leaky gut," permitting the penetration of microbes and microbial derived molecules (e.g., lipopolysaccharides) through the gut wall, thereby triggering chronic inflammation. SCFAs attenuate inflammation by inhibiting the activation of nuclear factor kappa B, by decreasing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, by stimulating the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor beta, and by promoting the differentiation of naïve T cells into T regulatory cells, which down-regulate immune responses by immunomodulation. SCFA function epigenetically by inhibiting selected histone acetyltransferases that alter the expression of multiple genes and the activity of many signaling pathways (e.g., Wnt, Hedgehog, Hippo, and Notch) that contribute to the pathogenesis of cancer. SCFAs block cancer stem cell proliferation, thereby potentially delaying or inhibiting cancer development or relapse by targeting genes and pathways that are mutated in tumors (e.g., epidermal growth factor receptor, hepatocyte growth factor, and MET) and by promoting the expression of tumor suppressors (e.g., by up-regulating PTEN and p53). When administered properly, SCFAs have many advantages compared to probiotic bacteria and fecal transplants. In carcinogenesis, SCFAs are toxic against tumor cells but not to surrounding tissue due to differences in their metabolic fate. Multiple hallmarks of cancer are also targets of SCFAs. These data suggest that SCFAs may re-establish homeostasis without overt toxicity and either delay or prevent the development of various tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Feitelson
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
| | - Alla Arzumanyan
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Arvin Medhat
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Islamic Azad University Tehran North Branch, Tehran, 1975933411, Iran
| | - Ira Spector
- SFA Therapeutics, Jenkintown, PA, 19046, USA
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3
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Ruyani SF, Sumarsono SH. Exposure to Valproic acid (VPA) resulted in alterations in the expression of angiogenic genes (NRP-1, VEGFA, VEGFR-2 and sFlt1) and histological modifications in the placenta of mice (Mus musculus). Reprod Toxicol 2023; 119:108405. [PMID: 37207908 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA), an anti-epileptic drug (AED), has been reported to exhibit anti-angiogenic properties. This study aimed to examine the impact of VPA on the expression of NRP-1 and additional angiogenic factors, as well as angiogenesis, in mouse placenta. Pregnant mice were divided into four groups: control (K), solvent control (KP), VPA treatment at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight (BW) (P1), and VPA treatment at a dose of 600 mg/kg BW (P2). The mice were subjected to daily treatment via gavage from embryonic day (E) 9 to E14 and E9 to E16. Histological analysis was performed to evaluate Microvascular Density (MVD) and percentage of the placental labyrinth area. In addition, a comparative analysis of Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR-2), and soluble (sFlt1) expression was conducted in relation to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). The results of the MVD analysis and percentage of labyrinth area in the E14 and E16 placentas indicated that the treated groups were significantly lower than the control group. The relative expression levels of NRP-1, VEGFA, and VEGFR-2 in the treated groups were lower than those in the control group at E14 and E16. Meanwhile, the relative expression of sFlt1 in the treated groups at E16 was significantly higher than in the control group. Changes in the relative expression of these genes inhibit angiogenesis regulation in the mouse placenta, as evidenced by reduced MVD and a smaller percentage of the labyrinth area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyfa F Ruyani
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, 10th Ganesa Street, Bandung, West Java 40132, Indonesia
| | - Sony Heru Sumarsono
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, 10th Ganesa Street, Bandung, West Java 40132, Indonesia.
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Guo W, Jing W. N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine Reduces Cervical Carcinogenesis by Promoting Apoptosis. Drugs R D 2023:10.1007/s40268-023-00423-9. [PMID: 37266883 DOI: 10.1007/s40268-023-00423-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in women, and is one of the most common malignant tumors of the reproductive system. However, more effective treatment for cervical cancer is needed. In this study, we aim to investigate whether N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) could inhibit the proliferation of human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive cells, and reduce cervical carcinogenesis. METHODS The cervical cancer cell lines SiHa, HeLa, HPV-negative cell line C33A, and the immortalized human cervical keratinocyte cells S12 were used. The protein expression was determined using Western blot assay. mRNA expression was determined using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell proliferation was determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Cell apoptosis was evaluated using Annexin V-FITC apoptosis kits. The numbers of colonies were measured using colony-forming assay. Xenograft tumor necrosis and HPV16 E7 expression were determined using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Our results showed that NAC treatment at the concentration of 1.5 mM significantly promoted cell apoptosis and reduced cell growth by inhibiting HPV16 E7 expression. NAC inhibited HPV16-oncoprotein-induced hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α protein expression and Akt activation in vitro. Additionally, NAC suppressed tumor growth, as evidenced by the smaller tumor size in the xenograft mouse model and decreased HPV16 E7 expression in tumor tissues. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that NAC exhibits the potential to promote HPV-positive cell apoptosis, and suppress the proliferation of HPV-positive cells by inhibiting cell inhibitor of apoptosis protein 2 and HIF-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Guo
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Peking University International Hospital, Life Park Road No. 1 Life Science Park of Zhong Guancun, Chang Ping District, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Wang Jing
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Peking University International Hospital, Life Park Road No. 1 Life Science Park of Zhong Guancun, Chang Ping District, Beijing, 102206, China
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Psilopatis I, Garmpis N, Garmpi A, Vrettou K, Sarantis P, Koustas E, Antoniou EA, Dimitroulis D, Kouraklis G, Karamouzis MV, Marinos G, Kontzoglou K, Nonni A, Nikolettos K, Fleckenstein FN, Zoumpouli C, Damaskos C. The Emerging Role of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors in Cervical Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082222. [PMID: 37190151 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical carcinoma is one of the most common cancers among women globally. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) constitute anticancer drugs that, by increasing the histone acetylation level in various cell types, induce differentiation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. The aim of the current review is to study the role of HDACIs in the treatment of cervical cancer. A literature review was conducted using the MEDLINE and LIVIVO databases with a view to identifying relevant studies. By employing the search terms "histone deacetylase" and "cervical cancer", we managed to identify 95 studies published between 2001 and 2023. The present work embodies the most up-to-date, comprehensive review of the literature centering on the particular role of HDACIs as treatment agents for cervical cancer. Both well-established and novel HDACIs seem to represent modern, efficacious anticancer drugs, which, alone or in combination with other treatments, may successfully inhibit cervical cancer cell growth, induce cell cycle arrest, and provoke apoptosis. In summary, histone deacetylases seem to represent promising future treatment targets in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iason Psilopatis
- Department of Gynecology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Garmpis
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Nikolaos Christeas Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Garmpi
- First Department of Propedeutic Internal Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Kleio Vrettou
- Department of Cytopathology, Sismanogleio General Hospital, 15126 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Sarantis
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Koustas
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Efstathios A Antoniou
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Nikolaos Christeas Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Dimitroulis
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Nikolaos Christeas Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Gregory Kouraklis
- Department of Surgery, Evgenideio Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Michail V Karamouzis
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Marinos
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kontzoglou
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Nikolaos Christeas Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Afroditi Nonni
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Nikolettos
- Obstetric and Gynecologic Clinic, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 68110 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Florian N Fleckenstein
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, BIH Charité Clinician Scientist Program, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Zoumpouli
- Department of Pathology, Sismanogleio General Hospital, 15126 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Damaskos
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Renal Transplantation Unit, Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
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6
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Lin C, Liu P, Shi C, Qiu L, Shang D, Lu Z, Tu Z, Liu H. Therapeutic targeting of DNA damage repair pathways guided by homologous recombination deficiency scoring in ovarian cancers. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:194-214. [PMID: 36130021 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The susceptibility of cells to DNA damage and their DNA repair ability are crucial for cancer therapy. Homologous recombination is one of the major repairing mechanisms for DNA double-strand breaks. Approximately half of ovarian cancer (OvCa) cells harbor homologous recombination deficiency (HRD). Considering that HRD is a major hallmark of OvCas, scholars proposed HRD scoring to evaluate the HRD degree and guide the choice of therapeutic strategies for OvCas. In the last decade, synthetic lethal strategy by targeting poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in HR-deficient OvCas has attracted considerable attention in view of its favorable clinical effort. We therefore suggested that the uses of other DNA damage/repair-targeted drugs in HR-deficient OvCas might also offer better clinical outcome. Here, we reviewed the current small molecule compounds that targeted DNA damage/repair pathways and discussed the HRD scoring system to guide their clinical uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiu Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaowen Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lipeng Qiu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongsheng Shang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziwen Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhigang Tu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hanqing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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7
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Natale G, Fini E, Calabrò PF, Carli M, Scarselli M, Bocci G. Valproate and lithium: Old drugs for new pharmacological approaches in brain tumors? Cancer Lett 2023; 560:216125. [PMID: 36914086 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Beyond its use as an antiepileptic drug, over time valproate has been increasingly used for several other therapeutic applications. Among these, the antineoplastic effects of valproate have been assessed in several in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies, suggesting that this agent significantly inhibits cancer cell proliferation by modulating multiple signaling pathways. During the last years various clinical trials have tried to find out if valproate co-administration could enhance the antineoplastic activity of chemotherapy in glioblastoma patients and in patients suffering from brain metastases, demonstrating that the inclusion of valproate in the therapeutic schedule causes an improved median overall survival in some studies, but not in others. Thus, the effects of the use of concomitant valproate in brain cancer patients are still controversial. Similarly, lithium has been tested as an anticancer drug in several preclinical studies mainly using the unregistered formulation of lithium chloride salts. Although, there are no data showing that the anticancer effects of lithium chloride are superimposable to the registered lithium carbonate, this formulation has shown preclinical activity in glioblastoma and hepatocellular cancers. However, few but interesting clinical trials have been performed with lithium carbonate on a very small number of cancer patients. Based on published data, valproate could represent a potential complementary therapeutic approach to enhance the anticancer activity of brain cancer standard chemotherapy. Same advantageous characteristics are less convincing for lithium carbonate. Therefore, the planning of specific phase III studies is necessary to validate the repositioning of these drugs in present and future oncological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianfranco Natale
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy; Museum of Human Anatomy "Filippo Civinini", University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Fini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Marco Carli
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Scarselli
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Guido Bocci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy.
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Wang F, Ding Y, Lei X, Liao B, Wu FX. Identifying Gene Signatures for Cancer Drug Repositioning Based on Sample Clustering. IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS 2022; 19:953-965. [PMID: 32845842 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2020.3019781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Drug repositioning is an important approach for drug discovery. Computational drug repositioning approaches typically use a gene signature to represent a particular disease and connect the gene signature with drug perturbation profiles. Although disease samples, especially from cancer, may be heterogeneous, most existing methods consider them as a homogeneous set to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs)for further determining a gene signature. As a result, some genes that should be in a gene signature may be averaged off. In this study, we propose a new framework to identify gene signatures for cancer drug repositioning based on sample clustering (GS4CDRSC). GS4CDRSC first groups samples into several clusters based on their gene expression profiles. Second, an existing method is applied to the samples in each cluster for generating a list of DEGs. Then a weighting approach is used to identify an intergrated gene signature from all the lists of DEGs. The integrated gene signature is used to connect with drug perturbation profiles in the Connectivity Map (CMap)database to generate a list of drug candidates. GS4CDRSC has been tested with several cancer datasets and existing methods. The computational results show that GS4CDRSC outperforms those methods without the sample clustering and weighting approaches in terms of both number and rate of predicted known drugs for specific cancers.
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9
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Potential repurposing of the HDAC inhibitor valproic acid for patients with COVID-19. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 898:173988. [PMID: 33667455 PMCID: PMC7923868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.173988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for therapeutic approaches to prevent and mitigate the effects of Coronavirus Disease (2019) (COVID-19). The histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor valproic acid, which has been available for the therapy of epilepsy for many years, is a drug that could be repurposed for patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. This article will review the reasons to consider valproic acid as a potential therapeutic to prevent severe COVID-19. Valproic acid could reduce angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and transmembrane serine protease 2 expression, required for SARS-CoV-2 viral entry, and modulate the immune cellular and cytokine response to infection, thereby reducing end-organ damage. The combined anti-thrombotic, anti-platelet, and anti-inflammatory effects of valproic acid suggest it could be a promising therapeutic target for COVID-19.
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周 晓, 邓 洁, 张 维, 王 嘉. [MiR-600 suppresses HeLa cell proliferation by inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α signaling pathway]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:210-215. [PMID: 33624593 PMCID: PMC7905238 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.02.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether miR-600 suppresses the proliferation of HeLa cells by inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) signaling pathway and its effect on expressions of cyclin D1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). OBJECTIVE HeLa cells were transfected with miR-600 mimic and plasmid-HIF-1α, either alone or in combination, to up-regulate miR-600 and HIF-1α expressions in the cells. Six hours after the transfection, the cell viability was assessed using MTT assay, and the mRNA and protein expressions of VEGF, cyclin D1, and HIF-1α were analyzed with qPCR and Western blotting. OBJECTIVE The viability of HeLa cells showed no obvious changes 6 h after transfection with miR-600 mimic or Plasmid-HIF-1α. At 24 h and 48 h, the cells transfected with miR-600 mimic showed a time-dependent reduction of cell viability, while the cells transfected with Plasmid-HIF-1α alone and with both miR-600 mimic and Plasmid-HIF-1α showed increased cell viability. The cell viabilities in Plasmid-HIF-1α group were significantly higher than those in miR-600 mimic+Plasmid-HIF-1α group at 24 h and 48 h. Six hours after transfection with miR-600 mimic, the cells exhibited significantly decreased expressions of VEGF, cyclin D1, and HIF-1α, which were all significantly up-regulated in Plasmid-HIF-1α group and miR-600 mimic+Plasmid-HIF-1α group. VEGF, cyclin D1, and HIF-1α expressions were significant higher in Plasmid-HIF-1α group than in miR-600 mimic+ Plasmid-HIF-1α group. OBJECTIVE miR-600 suppresses the proliferation of HeLa cells and down-regulate the expressions of cyclin D1 and VEGF by inhibiting HIF-1α signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- 晓霞 周
- 成都市第二人民医院妇产科,四川 成都 610000Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - 洁 邓
- 成都医学院附属第一医院 妇产科,四川 成都 610000Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - 维 张
- 成都医学院附属第一医院 呼吸内科,四川 成都 610000Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - 嘉佳 王
- 重庆医科大学附属第二医院风湿免疫科,重庆 400010Department of Rheumatology Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
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11
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Yang X, Liu J, Liang Q, Sun G. Valproic acid reverses sorafenib resistance through inhibiting activated Notch/Akt signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2020; 35:690-699. [PMID: 33015852 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common lethal human malignancies worldwide. Sorafenib is the first-line drug approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for HCC. However, the acquired resistance to sorafenib reduces its beneficial effects and limits clinical use. In this study, we established a sorafenib-resistant HCC cell line HepG2-SR by low-concentration gradient induction. Compared with the parental cell HepG2, the proliferation and anti-apoptosis were increased in drug-resistant cell HepG2-SR. Thorough comparisons of the molecular changes between parental HepG2 and sorafenib-resistant HepG2-SR cells indicated that the Notch signaling pathway and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway were associated with sorafenib resistance mechanisms. Notch1 and Akt were upregulated in sorafenib-resistant cells. However, we surprisingly found that valproic acid (VPA) combined with sorafenib could enhance the sensitivity of drug-resistant cells and reverse the increased levels of Notch1 and Akt in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells. Moreover, Akt inhibitor could suppress Notch1 expression, whereas the level of Akt phosphorylation decreased along with increasing dose of Notch inhibitor. Besides, we found that knockdown of Akt resulted in Notch1 reduction, whereas Notch1 reduction also led to a significant reduction in the phosphorylation of Akt. Collectively, our results indicated that Notch1 and Akt might play vital roles in sorafenib resistance in HCC cells and VPA might overcome the drug resistance to enhance the sensitivity of HCC cells to sorafenib through suppressing Notch/Akt signaling pathway. VPA combined with sorafenib may provide a potential targeting therapeutic regimen for clinically to solve the problem of sorafenib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qing Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Guangchun Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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12
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Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction Triggers Sodium Valproate-Induced Cytotoxicity in Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells. J Gastrointest Cancer 2020; 52:899-906. [PMID: 32880040 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-020-00505-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide. Currently used chemotherapeutic drugs have several side effects. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzyme inhibitors possess potential anti-cancer effects. Therefore, we investigated the cytotoxic potential of sodium valproate, a HDAC inhibitor in human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29) cells. METHODS MTT assay was used to analyze the cytotoxicity of HT-29 cells. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) induction was evaluated by dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate staining. Dual staining with acridine orange/ethidium bromide was used to investigate the morphology-related apoptotic cell death. Mitochondrial membrane potential was analyzed by rhodamine 123 staining. E-cadherin protein expression was examined by immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS Sodium valproate at 2 and 4 mM/mL treatments significantly induced cytotoxicity. Increased intracellular ROS expression was observed in the cells treated with sodium valproate. This treatment also induced mitochondrial dissipation, apoptosis-related morphological damage, and E-cadherin expression in HT-29 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our present results suggest that sodium valproate is cytotoxic to HT-29 cells due to its pro-oxidative and apoptosis inducing potential. Sodium valproate can be used as an adjuvant along with standard chemotherapeutic agents in CRC patients after necessary in vivo and clinical studies.
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N-(2'-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-Propylpentanamide (HO-AAVPA) Inhibits HDAC1 and Increases the Translocation of HMGB1 Levels in Human Cervical Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165873. [PMID: 32824279 PMCID: PMC7461584 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
N-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propylpentanamide (HO-AAVPA) is a VPA derivative designed to be a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. HO-AAVPA has better antiproliferative effect than VPA in cancer cell lines. Therefore, in this work, the inhibitory effect of HO-AAVPA on HDAC1, HDAC6, and HDAC8 was determined by in silico and in vitro enzymatic assay. Furthermore, its antiproliferative effect on the cervical cancer cell line (SiHa) and the translocation of HMGB1 and ROS production were evaluated. The results showed that HO-AAVPA inhibits HDAC1, which could be related with HMGB1 translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm due to HDAC1 being involved in the deacetylation of HMGB1. Furthermore, an increase in ROS production was observed after the treatment with HO-AAVPA, which also could contribute to HMGB1 translocation. Therefore, the results suggest that one of the possible antiproliferative mechanisms of HO-AAVPA is by HDAC1 inhibition which entails HMGB1 translocation and ROS increased levels that could trigger the cell apoptosis.
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14
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Avallone A, Piccirillo MC, Di Gennaro E, Romano C, Calabrese F, Roca MS, Tatangelo F, Granata V, Cassata A, Cavalcanti E, Maurea N, Maiolino P, Silvestro L, De Stefano A, Giuliani F, Rosati G, Tamburini E, Aprea P, Vicario V, Nappi A, Vitagliano C, Casaretti R, Leone A, Petrillo A, Botti G, Delrio P, Izzo F, Perrone F, Budillon A. Randomized phase II study of valproic acid in combination with bevacizumab and oxaliplatin/fluoropyrimidine regimens in patients with RAS-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer: the REVOLUTION study protocol. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920929589. [PMID: 32849914 PMCID: PMC7425244 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920929589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite effective treatments, metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) prognosis is still poor, mostly in RAS-mutated tumors, thus suggesting the need for novel combinatorial therapies. Epigenetic alterations play an important role in initiation and progression of cancers, including CRC. Histone-deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) have shown activity in combination with chemotherapy in the treatment of solid tumors. Owing to its HDACi activity and its safe use for epileptic disorders, valproic acid (VPA) is a good candidate for anticancer therapy that we have largely explored preclinically translating our findings in currently ongoing clinical studies. We have shown in CRC models that HDACi, including VPA, induces synergistic antitumor effects in combination with fluoropyrimidines. Furthermore, unpublished results from our group demonstrated that VPA induces differentiation and sensitization of CRC stem cells to oxaliplatin. Moreover, preclinical and clinical data suggest that HDACi may prevent/reverse anti-angiogenic resistance. Methods/Design A randomized, open-label, two-arm, multicenter phase-II study will be performed to explore whether the addition of VPA to first line bevacizumab/oxaliplatin/fluoropyrimidine regimens (mFOLFOX-6/mOXXEL) might improve progression-free survival (PFS) in RAS-mutated mCRC patients. A sample size of 200 patients was calculated under the hypothesis that the addition of VPA to chemotherapy/bevacizumab can improve PFS from 9 to 12 months, with one-sided alpha of 0.20 and a power of 0.80. Secondary endpoints are overall survival, objective response rate, metastases resection rate, toxicity, and quality of life. Moreover, the study will explore several prognostic and predictive biomarkers on blood samples, primary tumors, and on resected metastases. Discussion The "Revolution" study aims to improve the treatment efficacy of RAS-mutated mCRC through an attractive strategy evaluating the combination of VPA with standard cancer treatment. Correlative studies could identify novel biomarkers and could add new insight in the mechanism of interaction between VPA, fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, and bevacizumab. Trial Registration EudraCT: 2018-001414-15; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04310176.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Avallone
- Experimental Clinical Abdominal Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Via M. Semmola, Napoli, 80131, Italy
| | | | - Elena Di Gennaro
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Carmela Romano
- Experimental Clinical Abdominal Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Filomena Calabrese
- Experimental Clinical Abdominal Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Serena Roca
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Fabiana Tatangelo
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Vincenza Granata
- Radiology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Cassata
- Experimental Clinical Abdominal Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Ernesta Cavalcanti
- Laboratory Medicine Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Nicola Maurea
- Cardiology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Piera Maiolino
- Pharmacy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Silvestro
- Experimental Clinical Abdominal Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Alfonso De Stefano
- Experimental Clinical Abdominal Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Gerardo Rosati
- Medical Oncology Unit, S. Carlo Hospital, Potenza, Italy
| | - Emiliano Tamburini
- Dipartimento di Oncologia e Cure Palliative, Azienda Ospedaliera Cardinale G. Panico, Tricase-Lecce, Italy
| | - Pasquale Aprea
- Vascular Access Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Valeria Vicario
- Experimental Clinical Abdominal Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Nappi
- Experimental Clinical Abdominal Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Carlo Vitagliano
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Rossana Casaretti
- Experimental Clinical Abdominal Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessandra Leone
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonella Petrillo
- Radiology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Gerardo Botti
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Paolo Delrio
- Colorectal Oncological Surgery, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesco Izzo
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesco Perrone
- Clinical Trials Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Alfredo Budillon
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Via M. Semmola, Napoli, 80131, Italy
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15
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Guo W, Chen Z, Tan L, Wu Q, Ren X, Fu C, Du Y, Ren J, Meng X. l-Cysteine decorated nanoscale metal-organic frameworks delivering valproic acid/cisplatin for drug-resistant lung cancer therapy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:3919-3922. [PMID: 32149283 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc09712k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We design multifunctional CDDP-VPA@ZrMOF-Cys-PEG nanoparticles (CVZP NPs) based on the properties of valproic acid (VPA) that can downregulate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to reduce the drug resistance of tumor cells. In vivo experiments confirm that chemotherapy combined with microwave thermal therapy (MWTT) can significantly improve the therapeutic effect of cisplatin-resistant lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenna Guo
- Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 29 East Road Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
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16
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Pandamooz S, Salehi MS, Safari A, Azarpira N, Heravi M, Ahmadiani A, Dargahi L. Enhancing the expression of neurotrophic factors in epidermal neural crest stem cells by valproic acid: A potential candidate for combinatorial treatment. Neurosci Lett 2019; 704:8-14. [PMID: 30904572 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Effective delivery of trophic factors to cure neurological disorders and traumatic injuries is a major challenge. With promising therapeutic effects of epidermal neural crest stem cells (EPI-NCSCs) in preclinical spinal cord injury, there is an implication that these stem cells might provide supportive role through releasing various trophic agents. Hence, the present study was designed to assess the influence of valproic acid (VPA), a well-known histone deacetylases inhibitor, on mRNA expression of selected trophic factors. In this study, following stem cell migration from explanted hair bulges, immunostaining against Nestin, SOX-10, DCX, β-III tubulin and GFAP was carried out. Then, cells were treated with various clinically relevant concentrations of VPA and the survival rate was defined by MTT assay. Finally, stem cells were treated with 0.1 and 1 mM VPA and the drug impact on the transcription level of BDNF, GDNF, VEGF, NGF and NT3 at 6, 24, 72, 168 h was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR. The examined proteins expressions in the population of migrated cells confirmed the identity of stem cells as EPI-NCSCs. In addition, MTT assay showed that all three tested concentrations of VPA were suitable to treat these cells. Trophic factors assessment, following treatment revealed the mRNA expression level of BDNF, GDNF and VEGF could be significantly up- regulated at various time points, mainly by 1 mM VPA. However, NGF and NT3 transcripts were enhanced at few limited time points. Our findings showed that EPI-NCSCs due to secretion of various trophic factors are potential candidate to deliver the required trophic agents and their potential can be enhanced by 1 mM VPA, predominantly following 168 h treatment. Hence, these cells can be utilized to modulate destructive context of neurological disorders and injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sareh Pandamooz
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saied Salehi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Anahid Safari
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mansooreh Heravi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolhassan Ahmadiani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Dargahi
- NeuroBiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19615-1178, Velenjak, Iran.
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17
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Iizuka N, Morita A, Kawano C, Mori A, Sakamoto K, Kuroyama M, Ishii K, Nakahara T. Anti-angiogenic effects of valproic acid in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy. J Pharmacol Sci 2018; 138:203-208. [PMID: 30409713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological retinal angiogenesis contributes to the pathogenesis of several ocular diseases. Valproic acid, a widely used antiepileptic drug, exerts anti-angiogenic effects by inhibiting histone deacetylase (HDAC). Herein, we investigated the effects of valproic acid and vorinostat, a HDAC inhibitor, on pathological retinal angiogenesis in mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). OIR was induced in neonatal mice by exposure to 80% oxygen from postnatal day (P) 7 to P10 and to atmospheric oxygen from P10 to P15. Mice were subcutaneously injected with valproic acid, vorinostat, or vehicle once a day from P10 to P14. At P15, retinal neovascular tufts and vascular growth in the central avascular zone were observed in mice with OIR. Additionally, immunoreactivity for phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 (pS6), an indicator of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity, was detected in the neovascular tufts. Both valproic acid and vorinostat reduced the formation of retinal neovascular tuft without affecting vascular growth in the central avascular zone. Valproic acid reduced the pS6 immunoreactivity in neovascular tufts. Given that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) activates mTOR-dependent pathways in proliferating endothelial cells of the neonatal mouse retina, these results suggest that valproic acid suppresses pathological retinal angiogenesis by interrupting VEGF-mTOR pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Iizuka
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan; Pharmacy Practice and Science II (Kitasato University East Hospital), Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Akane Morita
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Chihiro Kawano
- Pharmacy Practice and Science II (Kitasato University East Hospital), Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Asami Mori
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Kenji Sakamoto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Masakazu Kuroyama
- Pharmacy Practice and Science II (Kitasato University East Hospital), Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Kunio Ishii
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Nakahara
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan.
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18
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Shah RR, Stonier PD. Repurposing old drugs in oncology: Opportunities with clinical and regulatory challenges ahead. J Clin Pharm Ther 2018; 44:6-22. [PMID: 30218625 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE In order to expedite the availability of drugs to treat cancers in a cost-effective manner, repurposing of old drugs for oncological indications is gathering momentum. Revolutionary advances in pharmacology and genomics have demonstrated many old drugs to have activity at novel antioncogenic pharmacological targets. We decided to investigate whether prospective studies support the promises of nonclinical and retrospective clinical studies on repurposing three old drugs, namely metformin, valproate and astemizole. METHODS We conducted an extensive literature search through PubMed to gather representative nonclinical and retrospective clinical studies that investigated the potential repurposing of these three drugs for oncological indications. We then searched for prospective studies aimed at confirming the promises of retrospective data. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION While evidence from nonclinical and retrospective clinical studies with these drugs appears highly promising, large scale prospective studies are either lacking or have failed to substantiate this promise. We provide a brief discussion of some of the challenges in repurposing. Principal challenges and obstacles relate to heterogeneity of cancers studied without considering their molecular signatures, trials with small sample size and short duration, failure consider issues of ethnicity of study population and effective antioncogenic doses of the drug studied. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION Well-designed prospective studies demonstrating efficacy are required for repurposing old drugs for oncology indications, just as they are for new chemical entities for any indication. Early and ongoing interactions with regulatory authorities are invaluable. We outline a tentative framework for a structured approach to repurposing old drugs for novel indications in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi R Shah
- Pharmaceutical Consultant, Gerrards Cross, Buckinghamshire, UK
| | - Peter D Stonier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College, London, UK
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19
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Afzal E, Alinezhad S, Khorsand M, Khoshnood MJ, Takhshid MA. Effects of Two-by-Two Combination Therapy with Valproic Acid, Lithium Chloride, and Celecoxib on the Angiogenesis of the Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018; 43:506-513. [PMID: 30214103 PMCID: PMC6123555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The synergistic effects of valproic acid (VPA), lithium (Li), and celecoxib (CX) have been shown in combination therapy against the proliferation and metastasis of numerous cancers. Angiogenesis plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of tumor growth and metastasis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antiangiogenic effects of VPA, lithium chloride (LiCl), and CX, alone or in 2-by-2 combinations, using the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. METHODS Fertilized chicken eggs were randomly divided into 10 groups: control, VPA (1.8 and 3.6 µmol/CAM), Li (0.15 and 0.60 µmol/CAM), CX (0.02 and 0.08 µmol/CAM), VPA+Li, VPA+CX, and CX+Li (n=10 per group). A window was made on the eggshells and the CAMs were exposed to a filter disk containing VPA, LiCl, and CX, alone or in 2-by-2 combinations. The control CAMs were treated with distilled water (vehicle). Three days after the treatment, the number of vessel branch points was counted in each CAM. The data were analyzed using SPSS, version 15.One-way ANOVA, followed by the Tukey tests, was used to compare the groups. A P<0.05 was considered a statistically significant difference between the groups. RESULTS According to the results, all the tested drugs decreased the number of the vessel branch points in a dose-dependent manner compared to the control group (P<0.001). In addition, combinations of the drugs were more effective in decreasing angiogenesis than the use of each drug alone. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that 2-by-2 combinations of VPA, CX, and LiCl can be considered an effective antiangiogenesis therapeutic modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Afzal
- Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, Paramedical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
| | | | - Marjan Khorsand
- Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, Paramedical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
| | | | - Mohammad Ali Takhshid
- Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, Paramedical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
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20
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Murugavel S, Bugyei-Twum A, Matkar PN, Al-Mubarak H, Chen HH, Adam M, Jain S, Narang T, Abdin RM, Qadura M, Connelly KA, Leong-Poi H, Singh KK. Valproic Acid Induces Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition-Like Phenotypic Switching. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:737. [PMID: 30050438 PMCID: PMC6050396 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, is a widely used anticonvulsant drug that is currently undergoing clinical evaluation for anticancer therapy due to its anti-angiogenic potential. Endothelial cells (ECs) can transition into mesenchymal cells and this form of EC plasticity is called endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), which is widely implicated in several pathologies including cancer and organ fibrosis. However, the effect of VPA on EC plasticity and EndMT remains completely unknown. We report herein that VPA-treatment significantly inhibits tube formation, migration, nitric oxide production, proliferation and migration in ECs. A microscopic evaluation revealed, and qPCR, immunofluorescence and immunoblotting data confirmed EndMT-like phenotypic switching as well as an increased expression of pro-fibrotic genes in VPA-treated ECs. Furthermore, our data confirmed important and regulatory role played by TGFβ-signaling in VPA-induced EndMT. Our qPCR array data performed for 84 endothelial genes further supported our findings and demonstrated 28 significantly and differentially regulated genes mainly implicated in angiogenesis, endothelial function, EndMT and fibrosis. We, for the first time report that VPA-treatment associated EndMT contributes to the VPA-associated loss of endothelial function. Our data also suggest that VPA based therapeutics may exacerbate endothelial dysfunction and EndMT-related phenotype in patients undergoing anticonvulsant or anticancer therapy, warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antoinette Bugyei-Twum
- Division of Cardiology, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pratiek N Matkar
- Division of Cardiology, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Husain Al-Mubarak
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hao H Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mohamed Adam
- Division of Cardiology, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shubha Jain
- Vascular Surgery, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tanya Narang
- Faculty of Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rawand M Abdin
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mohammad Qadura
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Vascular Surgery, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kim A Connelly
- Division of Cardiology, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Howard Leong-Poi
- Division of Cardiology, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Krishna K Singh
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Vascular Surgery, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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21
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Olivieri M, Amata E, Vinciguerra S, Fiorito J, Giurdanella G, Drago F, Caporarello N, Prezzavento O, Arena E, Salerno L, Rescifina A, Lupo G, Anfuso CD, Marrazzo A. Antiangiogenic Effect of (±)-Haloperidol Metabolite II Valproate Ester [(±)-MRJF22] in Human Microvascular Retinal Endothelial Cells. J Med Chem 2016; 59:9960-9966. [PMID: 27739690 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
(±)-MRJF22 [(±)-2], a novel prodrug of haloperidol metabolite II (sigma-1 receptor antagonist/sigma-2 receptor agonist ligand) obtained by conjugation to valproic acid (histone deacetylase inhibitor) via an ester bond, exhibits antiangiogenic activity, being able to reduce human retinal endothelial cell (HREC) viability in a comparable manner to bevacizumab. Moreover, (±)-2 was able to significantly reduce viable cells count, endothelial cell migration, and tube formation in vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) stimulated HREC cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Olivieri
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuele Amata
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Shila Vinciguerra
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Jole Fiorito
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Giurdanella
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Filippo Drago
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Nunzia Caporarello
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Orazio Prezzavento
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuela Arena
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Loredana Salerno
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Rescifina
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Gabriella Lupo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Carmelina Daniela Anfuso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Agostino Marrazzo
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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