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Liu H, Ye B, Hu Y. Stressful Life Events and Depression During the Recurrent Outbreak of COVID-19 in China: The Mediating Role of Grit and the Moderating Role of Gratitude. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2022; 15:1359-1370. [PMID: 35669111 PMCID: PMC9166955 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s360455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose COVID-19 has been exerting tremendous influence on an individual’s physical behavior and mental health. In China, prolonged isolation may lead to depression among college students during the recurrent outbreak of COVID-19. We conducted this study to explore the relationship among stressful life events, grit, gratitude, and depression in college students during the recurrent outbreak of COVID-19. Methods We investigated 953 college students from across China, with an average age of 20.38 (SD=1.39) years. Participants completed four scales (Stressful Life Events Scale, Oviedo Grit Scale, Gratitude Questionnaire, and Patients’ Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item). Results The present study found that (1) stressful life events were positively correlated with depression in college students; (2) grit mediated the positive relationship between stressful life events and depression; (3) gratitude moderated the relationship between grit and depression, and such that there was a stronger association between grit and depression for college students with high gratitude. Conclusion This study was of great significance for studying the relationship between stressful life events and depression in Chinese college students during the recurrent outbreak of COVID-19. Results indicated that grit and gratitude of college students may be the main targets of depression prevention and intervention. The research conclusion has theoretical and reference value for solving and preventing depression in college students during the recurrent outbreak of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Liu
- School of Psychology & Center of Mental Health Education and Research, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Baojuan Ye
- School of Psychology & Center of Mental Health Education and Research, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Hu
- School of Foreign Languages, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
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Liu H, Yu Z, Ye B, Yang Q. Grit and Life Satisfaction Among College Students During the Recurrent Outbreak of COVID-19 in China: The Mediating Role of Depression and the Moderating Role of Stressful Life Events. Front Public Health 2022; 10:895510. [PMID: 35692342 PMCID: PMC9175177 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.895510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The global recurrent outbreak of COVID-19 has brought immense psychological distress to those affected. We conducted this study to explore the relationship among grit, stressful life events, depression, and life satisfaction in college students during the recurrent outbreak of COVID-19. According to the properties of the bias-corrected bootstrap method, we surveyed 888 college students, with an average age of 20.84 (SD = 1.57) years. Participants completed questionnaires regarding grit, depression, stressful life events, and life satisfaction. The results showed that 1) grit was correlated with life satisfaction (r = 0.426, p < 0.001); 2) depression mediated the relationship between grit and life satisfaction [indirect effect = 0.0292, SE = 0.009, 95% CIboot = (0.135, 0.500)]; 3) The relationship between grit and depression was moderated by stressful life events (β = 0.107, SE = 0.028, p < 0.001, 95% CI [0.053, 0.161]). The association between grit and depression became weaker for college students with high stressful life events. The results indicated that concerned about depression and stressful life events may be the main targets for improving life satisfaction among college students during the recurrent outbreak of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Liu
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhijun Yu
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Baojuan Ye
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiang Yang
- School of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
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Lee D, Baek JH, Ha K, Cho EY, Choi Y, Yang SY, Kim JS, Cho Y, Won HH, Hong KS. Dissecting the genetic architecture of suicide attempt and repeated attempts in Korean patients with bipolar disorder using polygenic risk scores. Int J Bipolar Disord 2022; 10:3. [PMID: 35112160 PMCID: PMC8811109 DOI: 10.1186/s40345-022-00251-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) has the greatest suicide risk among mental and physical disorders. A recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) of European ancestry (EUR) samples revealed that the genetic etiology of suicide attempt (SA) was not only polygenic but also, in part, diagnosis-specific. The authors aimed to examine whether the polygenic risk score (PRS) for SA derived from that study is associated with SA or repeated attempts in Korean patients with BD. This study also investigated the shared heritability of SA and mental disorders which showed an increased risk of SA and a high genetic correlation with BD. METHODS The study participants were 383 patients with BD. The history of SA was assessed on a lifetime basis. PRSs for reference disorders were calculated using the aforementioned GWAS data for SA and the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium data of BD, schizophrenia, major depressive disorder (MDD), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). RESULTS The PRS for SA was significantly associated with lifetime SA in the current subjects (Nagelkerke's R2 = 2.73%, odds ratio [OR] = 1.36, p = 0.007). Among other PRSs, only the PRS for OCD was significantly associated with lifetime SA (Nagelkerke's R2 = 2.72%, OR = 1.36, p = 0.007). The PRS for OCD was higher in multiple attempters than in single attempters (Nagelkerke's R2 = 4.91%, OR = 1.53, p = 0.043). CONCLUSION The PRS for SA derived from EUR data was generalized to SA in Korean patients with BD. The PRS for OCD seemed to affect repeated attempts. Genetic studies on suicide could benefit from focusing on specific psychiatric diagnoses and refined sub-phenotypes, as well as from utilizing multiple PRSs for related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongbin Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Baek
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea.
| | - Kyooseob Ha
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Young Cho
- Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yujin Choi
- Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - So-Yung Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, NHIS Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Ji Sun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Yunji Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
| | - Hong-Hee Won
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Sue Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea.
- Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea.
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