1
|
Dean LS, Devendra G, Jiyarom B, Subia N, Tallquist MD, Nerurkar VR, Chang SP, Chow DC, Shikuma CM, Park J. Phenotypic alteration of low-density granulocytes in people with pulmonary post-acute sequalae of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1076724. [PMID: 36591237 PMCID: PMC9797994 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1076724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low-density granulocytes (LDGs) are a distinct subset of neutrophils whose increased abundance is associated with the severity of COVID-19. However, the long-term effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on LDG levels and phenotypic alteration remain unexplored. Methods Using participants naïve to SARS-CoV-2 (NP), infected with SARS-CoV-2 with no residual symptoms (NRS), and infected with SARS-CoV-2 with chronic pulmonary symptoms (PPASC), we compared LDG levels and their phenotype by measuring the expression of markers for activation, maturation, and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation using flow cytometry. Results The number of LDGs was elevated in PPASC compared to NP. Individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 (NRS and PPASC) demonstrated increased CD10+ and CD16hi subset counts of LDGs compared to NP group. Further characterization of LDGs demonstrated that LDGs from COVID-19 convalescents (PPASC and NRS) displayed increased markers of NET forming ability and aggregation with platelets compared to LDGs from NP, but no differences were observed between PPASC and NRS. Conclusions Our data from a small cohort study demonstrates that mature neutrophils with a heightened activation phenotype remain in circulation long after initial SARS-CoV-2 infection. Persistent elevation of markers for neutrophil activation and NET formation on LDGs, as well as an enhanced proclivity for platelet-neutrophil aggregation (PNA) formation in COVID-19 convalescent individuals may be associated with PPASC prognosis and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Logan S. Dean
- Hawaii Center for AIDS, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School Medicine, University of Hawai’i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Gehan Devendra
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Queen’s Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, United States
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Boonyanudh Jiyarom
- Hawaii Center for AIDS, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Natalie Subia
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School Medicine, University of Hawai’i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Michelle D. Tallquist
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Vivek R. Nerurkar
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School Medicine, University of Hawai’i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Sandra P. Chang
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School Medicine, University of Hawai’i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Dominic C. Chow
- Hawaii Center for AIDS, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Cecilia M. Shikuma
- Hawaii Center for AIDS, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Juwon Park
- Hawaii Center for AIDS, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School Medicine, University of Hawai’i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis-A Systematic Review of Published Cases. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071433. [PMID: 35889152 PMCID: PMC9318722 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplasma phagocytophilum is an emerging, Gram-negative, obligate intracellular pathogen that is transmitted by a tick vector. Human infection ranges from asymptomatic to severe disease that can present with pancytopenia, multiorgan failure, and death. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze case reports and case series reported over the last two decades in peer-reviewed journals indexed in the Medline/PubMed database according to the PRISMA guidelines. We found 110 unique patients from 88 case reports and series. The most common mode of transmission was tick bite (60.9%), followed by blood transfusion (8.2%). Infection was acquired by blood transfusion in nearly half (42%) of the immunocompromised patients. Most patients reported fever (90%), followed by constitutional (59%) and gastrointestinal symptoms (56%). Rash was present in 17% of patients, much higher than in previous studies. Thrombocytopenia was the most common laboratory abnormality (76%) followed by elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (46%). The diagnosis was most commonly established using whole-blood polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 76% of patients. Coinfection rate was 9.1% and Borrelia burgdorferi was most commonly isolated in seven patients (6.4%). Doxycycline was used to treat 70% of patients but was only used as an empiric treatment in one-third of patients (33.6%). The overall mortality rate was 5.7%, and one patient died from trauma unrelated to HGA. The mortality rates among immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients were 4.2% (n = 4/95) and 18.2% (n = 2/11), respectively. Four of the six patients who died (66.6%) received appropriate antibiotic therapy. Among these, doxycycline was delayed by more than 48 h in two patients.
Collapse
|
3
|
Morrissey SM, Geller AE, Hu X, Tieri D, Ding C, Klaes CK, Cooke EA, Woeste MR, Martin ZC, Chen O, Bush SE, Zhang HG, Cavallazzi R, Clifford SP, Chen J, Ghare S, Barve SS, Cai L, Kong M, Rouchka EC, McLeish KR, Uriarte SM, Watson CT, Huang J, Yan J. A specific low-density neutrophil population correlates with hypercoagulation and disease severity in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. JCI Insight 2021; 6:148435. [PMID: 33986193 PMCID: PMC8262329 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.148435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel viral pathogen that causes a clinical disease called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although most COVID-19 cases are asymptomatic or involve mild upper respiratory tract symptoms, a significant number of patients develop severe or critical disease. Patients with severe COVID-19 commonly present with viral pneumonia that may progress to life-threatening acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Patients with COVID-19 are also predisposed to venous and arterial thromboses that are associated with a poorer prognosis. The present study identified the emergence of a low-density inflammatory neutrophil (LDN) population expressing intermediate levels of CD16 (CD16Int) in patients with COVID-19. These cells demonstrated proinflammatory gene signatures, activated platelets, spontaneously formed neutrophil extracellular traps, and enhanced phagocytic capacity and cytokine production. Strikingly, CD16Int neutrophils were also the major immune cells within the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, exhibiting increased CXCR3 but loss of CD44 and CD38 expression. The percentage of circulating CD16Int LDNs was associated with D-dimer, ferritin, and systemic IL-6 and TNF-α levels and changed over time with altered disease status. Our data suggest that the CD16Int LDN subset contributes to COVID-19-associated coagulopathy, systemic inflammation, and ARDS. The frequency of that LDN subset in the circulation could serve as an adjunct clinical marker to monitor disease status and progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Morrissey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology.,Division of Immunotherapy, the Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD, Department of Surgery, Immuno-Oncology Program, James Graham Brown Cancer Center
| | - Anne E Geller
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology.,Division of Immunotherapy, the Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD, Department of Surgery, Immuno-Oncology Program, James Graham Brown Cancer Center
| | - Xiaoling Hu
- Division of Immunotherapy, the Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD, Department of Surgery, Immuno-Oncology Program, James Graham Brown Cancer Center
| | - David Tieri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics
| | - Chuanlin Ding
- Division of Immunotherapy, the Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD, Department of Surgery, Immuno-Oncology Program, James Graham Brown Cancer Center
| | | | | | - Matthew R Woeste
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology.,Division of Immunotherapy, the Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD, Department of Surgery, Immuno-Oncology Program, James Graham Brown Cancer Center
| | | | - Oscar Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
| | - Sarah E Bush
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
| | | | - Rodrigo Cavallazzi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Disorders, Department of Medicine
| | | | - James Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
| | - Smita Ghare
- University of Louisville Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology & Toxicology
| | - Shirish S Barve
- University of Louisville Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology & Toxicology
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics
| | | | | | - Kenneth R McLeish
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Silvia M Uriarte
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry
| | | | - Jiapeng Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology.,Division of Immunotherapy, the Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD, Department of Surgery, Immuno-Oncology Program, James Graham Brown Cancer Center
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Koike Y, Yanagisawa R, Ogiso Y, Cho Y, Minami K, Takeuchi K, Sakashita K, Higuchi T. Transient Deformation of Neutrophils in Kawasaki Disease. J Pediatr 2016; 173:238-241.e1. [PMID: 27039225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the treatment of Kawasaki disease, resistance to high-dose immunoglobulin intravenous (IGIV) can occur. The neutrophil morphology analyses in 17 patients revealed that transient pseudo-Pelger-Huët anomaly was more frequently detected in the IGIV-resistant group. This finding may aid the prediction of IGIV resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Koike
- Department of General Pediatrics, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan
| | - Ryu Yanagisawa
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
| | - Yoshifumi Ogiso
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Cho
- Department of General Pediatrics, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan
| | - Kisei Minami
- Department of General Pediatrics, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan
| | - Kouichi Takeuchi
- Department of General Pediatrics, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan
| | - Kazuo Sakashita
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Higuchi
- Department of General Pediatrics, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan
| |
Collapse
|