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Gebremedhin AT, Nyadanu SD, Hanigan IC, Pereira G. Maternal exposure to bioclimatic stress and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in Western Australia: identifying potential critical windows of susceptibility. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-34689-6. [PMID: 39145911 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34689-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
The anthropogenic climate change may impact pregnancy outcomes. Rather than ambient temperature, we aimed to use a composite bioclimatic metric (Universal Thermal Climate Index, UTCI) to identify critical susceptible windows for the associations between bioclimatic exposure and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs) risk. Daily UTCI exposure from 12 weeks of preconception through pregnancy was linked to 415,091 singleton pregnancies between 1st January 2000 and 31st December 2015 in Western Australia. Adjusted weekly-specific and cumulative odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia were estimated with distributed lag non-linear and standard non-linear logistic regressions. Exposures from early pregnancy to week 30 were associated with greater odds of HDPs with critical susceptible windows, particularly elevated at the 1st (10.2 °C) and 99th (26.0 °C) exposure centiles as compared to the median (14.2 °C). The most elevated ORs were 1.07 (95% CI 1.06, 1.08) in weeks 8-18 for gestational hypertension and 1.10 (95% CI 1.08, 1.11) in weeks 11-16 for preeclampsia for the 99th exposure centile. Cumulative exposures associated with HDPs with relatively higher but less precise ORs. The effects of high exposure to HDPs indicated sociodemographic inequalities. The identified critical periods and subpopulations could benefit from climate-related interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanuel T Gebremedhin
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, PerthBentley, WA, 6102, Australia
| | - Sylvester Dodzi Nyadanu
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, PerthBentley, WA, 6102, Australia.
- Education, Culture, and Health Opportunities (ECHO) Ghana, ECHO Research Group International, Aflao, Ghana.
| | - Ivan C Hanigan
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, PerthBentley, WA, 6102, Australia
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Climate Change and Health Impact Assessment, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Gavin Pereira
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, PerthBentley, WA, 6102, Australia
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Climate Change and Health Impact Assessment, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Kent Street, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia
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Zhang T, Shang F, Ma Y, Xu Y, Sun W, Song H. Caveolin-1 Promotes the Imbalance of Th17/Treg in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease by Regulating Hsp70 Expression. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2023; 18:565-574. [PMID: 37077366 PMCID: PMC10106795 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s398780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate whether the expression of Hsp70 is associated with Cav-1 in promoting the imbalance of Th17/Treg cells in COPD. Methods The plasma Cav-1, Hsp70 expression were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The frequencies of circulating Th17, Treg cells and Th17/Treg ratio were determined by flow cytometry. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from subjects were transfected with Cav-1 or control plasmids and Hsp70 plasmid. Results We found that Cav-1 expression was lower but the levels of Hsp70 and Th17 cells were higher in COPD than in healthy control (HC). Hsp70 expressions were positively correlated with Cav-1 levels, Th17 cells, and Th17/Treg ratio in COPD but not in HC. Cav-1 over-expression resulted in an increase in Hsp70 and Th17 levels. Suppressing Hsp70 expressing by small interfering RNA (siRNA), the decline of Th17 frequency was observed in Cav-1-overexpressed PBMCs. Conclusion Collectively, our results illuminate that Cav-1 contributes to the imbalance of Th17/Treg through potentially regulating Hsp70 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongsong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, 266042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Shang
- Department of Pathology, No. 971 Hospital of People’s Liberation Army Navy, Qingdao, 266071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Biotherapy Center, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanxia Xu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, 266042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weihong Sun
- Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, 266042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiping Song
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, 266042, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Haiping Song; Yanxia Xu, Department of Oncology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Hospital, 127 Siliu South Road, Qingdao, 266042, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 532 8496 2202; +86 532 84962203, Fax +86 532-84963506, Email ;
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Faisal S, Abdelaal S, Jeraiby MA, Toaimah FHS, Kattan SW, Abdel-Gawad AR, Riad E, Toraih EA, Fawzy MS, Ibrahim A. Diagnostic and Prognostic Risk Assessment of Heat Shock Protein HSPA1B rs2763979 Gene Variant in Asthma. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13122391. [PMID: 36553658 PMCID: PMC9778050 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the significant role the heat shock protein Hsp70 plays in modulating cellular homeostasis in several chronic inflammatory disorders, the genetic variation of the inducible HSP70 (HSPA1B) gene may impact protein expression and disease phenotype. The HSPA1B rs2763979 variant has been associated with multiple inflammatory scenarios, but no previous studies have explored its association with asthma. In this sense, this cross-sectional study enrolled 90 children with asthma and 218 age-/sex-matched healthy volunteers for rs2763979 variant genotyping by TaqMan allelic discrimination analysis. The results were investigated under several genetic models and associated with disease susceptibility and clinicolaboratory data. Overall analysis, including the 308 participants, revealed a higher C allele frequency among patients relative to controls (43.0% vs. 33%, p = 0.006). Furthermore, patients with the C variant initially had a higher risk of asthma under heterozygous (OR = 2.75, 95%CI = 1.46-5.18, p = 0.003), homozygous (OR = 3.35, 95%CI = 1.19-9.39, p = 0.008), dominant (OR = 2.83, 95%CI = 1.52-5.25, p < 0.001), and overdominant (OR = 2.12, 95%CI = 1.20-3.74, p = 0.008) models. However, after employing a 1:1 nearest propensity matching analysis, the studied variant showed only borderline significance with asthma under the dominant model in 71 matched cohorts. Interestingly, patients who carry the rs2763979 CC genotype showed favorable spirometric parameters in terms of better (mean ± SD) forced vital capacity (86.3 ± 7.4 vs. 77.7 ± 6.1 and 75.7 ± 7.2 for CT and TT, respectively, p = 0.021), forced expiratory volume in one second before bronchodilation (60.7 ± 12.9 vs. 54.9 ± 7.6 and 56.1 ± 7.5 for CT and TT, respectively, p = 0.021), and an improvement in peak expiratory flow rate after inhaled salbutamol bronchodilator (p = 0.044) relative to the counterpart genotypes. In conclusion, the HSPA1B rs2763979 variant might have prognostic utility as a genetic marker for asthma in our population. Further larger studies on different ethnicities are recommended to validate the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa Faisal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Sherouk Abdelaal
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. Jeraiby
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 82621, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatihi Hassan Soliman Toaimah
- Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
- Department of Clinical Pediatrics and Clinical Emergency Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha 24144, Qatar
- Department of Clinical Academic Education, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Shahad W. Kattan
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Eman Riad
- Department of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Eman A. Toraih
- Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Correspondence: (E.A.T.); (M.S.F.); Tel.: +1-346-907-4237 (E.A.T.); +966-583241944 (M.S.F.)
| | - Manal S. Fawzy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar 1321, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (E.A.T.); (M.S.F.); Tel.: +1-346-907-4237 (E.A.T.); +966-583241944 (M.S.F.)
| | - Ahmed Ibrahim
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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HSP70 upregulation in nasal mucosa of symptomatic children with allergic rhinitis and potential risk of asthma development. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14104. [PMID: 35982171 PMCID: PMC9388484 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18443-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis and asthma are the most common causes of chronic inflammation of the upper and lower airways in childhood. However, a nasal biomarker that can link to pulmonary inflammation is yet to be found. The present paper aims to investigate the possible role in inflammation of two inducible 70-kDa Heat Shock Proteins (HSP70) members, HSPA1A/B and HSPA6, in nasal mucosa cells of allergic children through their mRNA expression analysis, and their correlation to both spirometric and FeNO values. The relationship between FeNO in lower airways and ∆Cts of HSPA1A/B in nasal mucosa seems to be influenced by clinical symptoms regardless of age, sex, and sensitization patterns. Therefore, HSP70 expression, as well as FeNO levels, could have a predictive capability to identify lower airways inflammation and thus to recognize rhinitic children having a potential risk of asthma development.
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Hlapčić I, Hulina-Tomašković A, Grdić Rajković M, Popović-Grle S, Vukić Dugac A, Rumora L. Association of Plasma Heat Shock Protein 70 with Disease Severity, Smoking and Lung Function of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E3097. [PMID: 32992869 PMCID: PMC7601819 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular heat shock protein 70 (eHsp70) might modulate immune responses in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of the study was to explore eHsp70 concentration in stable COPD, its association with disease severity and smoking status as well as its diagnostic performance in COPD assessment. Plasma samples were collected from 137 COPD patients and 95 healthy individuals, and concentration of eHsp70 was assessed by commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (Enzo Life Science, Farmingdale, NY, USA). COPD patients were subdivided regarding airflow obstruction severity and symptoms severity according to the Global Initiative for COPD (GOLD) guidelines. eHsp70 concentration increased in COPD patients when compared to controls and increased with the severity of airflow limitation as well as symptoms burden and exacerbation history. eHsp70 concentration did not differ among COPD patients based on smoking status, yet it increased in healthy smokers compared to healthy nonsmokers. In addition, eHsp70 negatively correlated with lung function parameters forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and FEV1/ forced vital capacity (FVC), and positively with COPD multicomponent indices BODCAT (BMI, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, CAT score), BODEx (BMI, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, previous exacerbations), CODEx (Charlson's comorbidity index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, previous exacerbations) and DOSE (dyspnea, airflow obstruction, smoking status, previous exacerbations) With great predictive value (OR = 7.63) obtained from univariate logistic regression, eHsp70 correctly classified 76% of cases. eHsp70 is associated with COPD prediction and disease severity and might have the potential for becoming an additional biomarker in COPD assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Hlapčić
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Haematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.H.); (A.H.-T.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Andrea Hulina-Tomašković
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Haematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.H.); (A.H.-T.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Marija Grdić Rajković
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Haematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.H.); (A.H.-T.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Sanja Popović-Grle
- Clinical Department for Lung Diseases Jordanovac, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.P.-G.); (A.V.D.)
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andrea Vukić Dugac
- Clinical Department for Lung Diseases Jordanovac, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.P.-G.); (A.V.D.)
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lada Rumora
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Haematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.H.); (A.H.-T.); (M.G.R.)
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6
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Lai H, Nie L, Zeng X, Xin S, Wu M, Yang B, Luo Y, Liu B, Zheng J, Liu H. Enhancement of heat shock protein 70 attenuates inducible nitric oxide synthase in preeclampsia complicated with fetal growth restriction. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020; 35:2555-2563. [PMID: 32654546 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1789965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) have abnormal placental implantation and endothelial dysfunction in common. However, their etiologies are not well understood. Both heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) and nitric oxide (NO) are suggested to play a major role in the regulation of maternal and fetoplacental hemodynamics. In this study, the association of PE with FGR and Hsp70 or NO was analyzed. METHODS A total of 30 cases of PE, 25 cases of PE complicated with FGR and 50 cases of normal pregnant women were chose, and PE and normal animal models were constructed. Subsequently, the levels of Hsp70 and NO in serum and placental tissues of humans and animals were measured and compared. Further, rats were injected with pLV-NC-shRNA, pLV-Hsp70-shRNA, pLV-EFIa-NC, and pLV-EFIa-Hsp70, respectively, the weight of each conceptus, number of pups, fetal crown to tail length, total weight of the placenta/fetus unit, and the content of NO were analyzed. RESULTS The expression of Hsp70 in serum and placental tissues of PE complicated with or without FGR group was increased, whereas the content of NO was decreased compared to the normal group. The fetal weight (FW) of the Hsp70 targeted suppression group was higher than the other two groups, whereas the placental weight (PW) was reversed. Also, NO synthase (NOS) expression was decreased in the Hsp70 over-expression group. CONCLUSIONS We speculated that the enhancement of Hsp70 might be related to the development of PE combined with FGR through inhibiting the synthesis of NOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Lai
- Department of Obstetrics, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Liju Nie
- Department of Obstetrics, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoming Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Siming Xin
- Department of Obstetrics, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Meiling Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Bicheng Yang
- Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Luo
- Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Bingqin Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiusheng Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Huai Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, China
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Differential DAMP release was observed in the sputum of COPD, asthma and asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) patients. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19241. [PMID: 31848359 PMCID: PMC6917785 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55502-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) has been under intensive focus; however, the levels of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that can activate the innate and adaptive immune responses of ACO are unknown. The present study aimed to examine the levels of some DAMPs in asthma, COPD, and ACO and to identify the associations between clinical characteristics and DAMPs in ACO. Sputum from subjects with asthma (n = 87) or COPD (n = 73) and ACO (n = 68) or from smokers (n = 62) and never-smokers (n = 62) was analyzed for high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), LL-37, S100A8, and galectin-3 (Gal-3). The concentration of HMGB1, HSP70, LL-37, and S100A8 proteins in sputum from ACO patients was significantly elevated, whereas that of Gal-3 was reduced, compared to that of smokers and never-smokers. The levels of HMGB1 and Gal-3 proteins in ACO patients were elevated compared to those in asthma patients. The sputum from ACO patients showed an increase in the levels of LL-37 and S100A8 proteins compared to that of asthma patients, whereas the levels decreased compared to those of COPD patients. The concentrations of HMGB1, HSP70, LL-37, and S100A8 proteins in the sputum of 352 participants were negatively correlated, whereas the levels of Gal-3 were positively correlated, with FEV1, FEV1%pred, and FEV1/FVC. Sputum HMGB1 had a high AUC of the ROC curve while distinguishing ACO patients from asthma patients. Meanwhile, sputum LL-37 had a high AUC of the ROC curve in differentiating asthma and COPD. The release of sputum DAMPs in ACO may be involved in chronic airway inflammation in ACO; the sputum HMGB1 level might serve as a valuable biomarker for distinguishing ACO from asthma, and the sputum LL-37 level might be a biomarker for differentiating asthma and COPD.
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Bekos C, Zimmermann M, Unger L, Janik S, Mitterbauer A, Koller M, Fritz R, Gäbler C, Didcock J, Kliman J, Klepetko W, Ankersmit HJ, Moser B. Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, temperature regulation and the role of heat shock proteins in non-asthmatic recreational marathon and half-marathon runners. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4168. [PMID: 30862844 PMCID: PMC6414620 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39983-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise is the most common trigger of bronchospasm. Heat shock protein (HSP) expression was linked to asthmatic patients. The prevalence and pathophysiology of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in non-professional non-asthmatic runners is unknown. We sought to investigate the frequency of EIB and cytokine changes in non-professional non-asthmatic marathon and half marathoners with and without EIB. Testing was performed before the marathon (baseline), immediately post-marathon at the finish area (peak), and 2–7 days after the marathon (recovery): immunosorbent assays for measurement of HSP70, blood count analysis, spirometry and temperature measurements. We experienced a decline in FEV1 of ≥10% in 35.29% of marathon and 22.22% of half marathon runners. Runners with EIB had significantly higher HSP70 serum concentrations at baseline than those without EIB (987.4 ± 1486.7 vs. 655.6 ± 1073.9; p = 0.014). Marathoners with EIB had significantly increased WBC before participating in the competition (7.4 ± 1.7 vs. 6.0 ± 1.5; p = 0.021). After recovery we found increased HSP70 serum concentrations in marathoners with EIB compared to those without (2539.2 ± 1692.5 vs. 1237.2 ± 835.2; p = 0.032), WBC (7.6 ± 1.8 vs. 6.4 ± 1.6; p = 0.048) and PLT (273.0 ± 43.0 vs 237.2 ± 48.3; p = 0.040). At all measured skin sites skin temperatures in runners were significantly lower immediately after participating in the competition when compared to temperature before the race (skin temperature baseline vs. peak: abdominal: 33.1 ± 0.2 vs. 30.0 ± 0.4; p < 0.001; upper arm: 31.6 ± 0.2 vs. 29.4 ± 0.3; p < 0.001; upper leg: 30.7 ± 0.3 vs. 29.4 ± 0.2; p = 0.014; lower leg: 30.6 ± 1.0 vs. 30.2 ± 1.5; p = 0.007). We found a higher than expected number of non-professional athletes with EIB. HSP70 serum concentrations and elevated WBC could indicate a predisposition to EIB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Bekos
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.,Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of General Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Zimmermann
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Unger
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Janik
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Mitterbauer
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Robert Fritz
- Sportordination, Alserstraße 28, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Jessica Didcock
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jonathan Kliman
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Klepetko
- Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hendrik Jan Ankersmit
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Moser
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Vienna, Austria. .,Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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van de Putte R, de Blaauw I, Boenink R, Reijers MHE, Broens PMA, Sloots CEJ, van Heijst AFJ, van Gelder MMHJ, Roeleveld N, van Rooij IALM. Uncontrolled maternal chronic respiratory diseases in pregnancy: A new potential risk factor suggested to be associated with anorectal malformations in offspring. Birth Defects Res 2018; 111:62-69. [PMID: 30569656 PMCID: PMC7380291 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic respiratory diseases and use of antiasthmatic medication during pregnancy may both play a role in the etiology of congenital anorectal malformations (ARM). However, it is unclear, whether the medication use or the underlying condition would be responsible. Therefore, our aim was to unravel the role of maternal chronic respiratory diseases from that of antiasthmatic medication in the etiology of ARM. METHODS We obtained 412 ARM patients and 2,137 population-based controls from the Dutch AGORA data- and biobank. We used maternal questionnaires and follow-up telephone interviews to obtain information on chronic respiratory diseases, antiasthmatic medication use, and potential confounders. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). RESULTS We observed higher risk estimates among women with chronic respiratory diseases with and without medication use (1.4 [0.8-2.7] and 2.0 [0.8-5.0]), both in comparison to women without a chronic respiratory disease and without medication use. Furthermore, increased ORs of ARM were found for women using rescue medication (2.4 [0.8-7.3]) or a combination of maintenance and rescue medication (2.5 [0.9-6.7]). In addition, increased risk estimates were observed for women having nonallergic triggers (2.5 [1.0-6.3]) or experiencing exacerbations during the periconceptional period (3.5 [1.4-8.6]). CONCLUSIONS Although the 95% CIs of most associations include the null value, the risk estimates all point towards an association between uncontrolled chronic respiratory disease, instead of antiasthmatic medication use, with ARM in offspring. Further in-depth studies towards mechanisms of this newly identified risk factor are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romy van de Putte
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ivo de Blaauw
- Department of Surgery-Paediatric surgery, Radboudumc Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rianne Boenink
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Paul M A Broens
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelius E J Sloots
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arno F J van Heijst
- Department of Pediatrics-Neonatology, Radboudumc Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen M H J van Gelder
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,REshape Innovation Center, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nel Roeleveld
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Iris A L M van Rooij
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Surgery-Paediatric surgery, Radboudumc Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Ivanova NM, Cybikov NN, Sormolotova IN. MODERN IDEAS ABOUT “ATOPIC MARCH” PATHOGENESIS AND POSSIBLE ROLE OF HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS. VESTNIK DERMATOLOGII I VENEROLOGII 2018. [DOI: 10.25208/0042-4609-2018-94-2-27-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic diseases pose a serious health problem worldwide. The review of literature presents some data on the role of heat shock proteins in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis, as the most common diseases in the population of this nosological group. Data on the possible role of heat shock proteins in the pathogenesis of atopic march development are also presented.
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11
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Circulating Clusterin and Osteopontin Levels in Asthma and Asthmatic Pregnancy. Can Respir J 2017; 2017:1602039. [PMID: 29200898 PMCID: PMC5672608 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1602039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma in pregnancy poses a risk of adverse outcomes. Osteopontin and clusterin emerged as asthma biomarkers; however, their circulating levels during pregnancy are unknown yet. This cross-sectional study investigated peripheral osteopontin and clusterin levels and their relationship to disease control in 26 asthmatic pregnant (AP), 22 asthmatic nonpregnant (ANP), and 25 healthy pregnant (HP) women and 12 healthy controls (HNP). Osteopontin levels of ANP and HNP were similar (2.142 [1.483-2.701] versus 2.075 [1.680-2.331] ng/mL, p = 0.7331). Pregnancy caused a marked elevation in both healthy (HP: 3.037 [2.439-4.015] ng/ml, p = 0.003 versus HNP) and asthmatic (AP: 2.693 [1.581-3.620] ng/ml) patients; thus the pregnant groups did not differ (p = 0.3541). Circulating clusterin levels were comparable in ANP and HNP (109.2 [95.59-116.3] versus 108.8 [97.94-115.3] µg/mL, p = 0.8730) and the level was lower in HP (98.80 [84.26-105.5] µg/mL, p = 0.0344 versus HNP). In contrast, the level was higher in AP (111.7 [98.84-125.6] µg/mL, p = 0.0091 versus HP). In ANP, a positive correlation of PEF (r = 0.3405; p = 0.0221) and a negative correlation of Raw (r = -0.3723; p = 0.0128) to clusterin level were detected. Circulating osteopontin level increases in pregnancy regardless of concomitant well-controlled asthma, indicating its gestational role. Clusterin level decreases in healthy but not in asthmatic pregnancy and correlates directly with lung function.
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12
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Hromadnikova I, Dvorakova L, Kotlabova K, Kestlerova A, Hympanova L, Novotna V, Doucha J, Krofta L. Circulating heat shock protein mRNA profile in gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia & foetal growth restriction. Indian J Med Res 2017; 144:229-237. [PMID: 27934802 PMCID: PMC5206874 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.195037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: Heat shock proteins (Hsp) are ubiquitously distributed phylogenetically conserved molecules that regulate cellular homeostasis and maintain the integrity and function of cellular proteins. Increased levels of Hsp in maternal circulation have been shown to be associated with increased risk of pregnancy related complications. The objective of this study was to explore extracellular Hsp mRNA levels in maternal circulation and quantified Hsp27, Hsp60, Hsp70, Hsp90 and Hsp70 binding protein 1 (HspBP1) mRNAs in maternal plasma samples using real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Methods: Pregnancies with gestational hypertension (GH) (n = 33), pre-eclampsia (PE) with or without foetal growth restriction (FGR) (n = 78) and FGR (n = 25) were involved in the study. Hsp gene expression was analysed in relation to the severity of the disease with respect to the degree of clinical signs, requirements for the delivery and Doppler ultrasound parameters. Results: Upregulation of Hsp70 was observed in patients with mild and severe PE (P = 0.004 and P = 0.005, respectively) and in pregnancies complicated with PE delivering before and after 34 wk of gestation regardless of the degree of clinical signs (P = 0.015 and P = 0.009, respectively). No difference in the expression of other Hsp genes among the studied groups was observed. No association between Hsp gene expression and Doppler ultrasonography parameters was found. Interpretation & conclusions: These data support that maternal circulation can reflect both maternal and foetal pathologic conditions. Hsp70 represents the sole plasmatic marker, and increased Hsp70 mRNA levels reflect maternal and placental stress response to pregnancy-related complications such as GH and PE, irrespective of the severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Hromadnikova
- Department of Molecular Biology & Cell Pathology, The Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Dvorakova
- Department of Molecular Biology & Cell Pathology, The Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Kotlabova
- Department of Molecular Biology & Cell Pathology, The Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Kestlerova
- The Third Faculty of Medicine, Institute for the Care of the Mother & Child, Charles University, Podolske Nabrezi 157/36, 147 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Hympanova
- Department of Molecular Biology & Cell Pathology, The Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 100 00 Prague; The Third Faculty of Medicine, Institute for the Care of the Mother & Child, Charles University, Podolske Nabrezi 157/36, 147 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Novotna
- The Third Faculty of Medicine, Institute for the Care of the Mother & Child, Charles University, Podolske Nabrezi 157/36, 147 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jindrich Doucha
- Clinic of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Krofta
- The Third Faculty of Medicine, Institute for the Care of the Mother & Child, Charles University, Podolske Nabrezi 157/36, 147 00 Prague, Czech Republic
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13
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Min HJ, Kim KS, Yoon JH, Kim CH, Cho HJ. T-helper 2 cytokine-induced heat shock protein 70 secretion and its potential association with allergic rhinitis. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2017; 7:530-535. [PMID: 28054753 DOI: 10.1002/alr.21905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various inflammatory mediators have been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of allergic disease (AR). The role of heat shock proteins in AR has not been studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) in the nasal lavage fluids of AR patients and controls to elucidate the role of Hsp70 in the pathogenesis of AR. METHODS Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the levels of Hsp70, Hsp90, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, and IL-8 in nasal lavage fluid from patients were measured and statistically analyzed. Primary human nasal epithelial cells were cultured in vitro and T-helper 2 (Th2) cytokines (IL-4, IL-13) were added to the culture medium. We evaluated the mRNA and protein expression levels of Hsp70 using real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot assay. RESULTS Hsp70 was easily detected in nasal lavage fluid and the levels of Hsp70 were higher in AR patients than in healthy controls. Other clinical characteristics of subjects were not significantly associated with Hsp70 levels. Furthermore, we found that treatment with IL-4 and IL-13 induced the secretion of Hsp70 in human nasal epithelial cells. CONCLUSION We found that Hsp70 was abundant and positively detected in nasal lavage fluid samples from all subjects, and that Hsp70 levels were significantly higher in AR patients. We demonstrated, both in vivo and in vitro, that Hsp70 could play an important role in the pathogenesis of AR, and we suggest that Hsp70 can be used as a disease marker for AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jin Min
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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14
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Qu B, Jia Y, Liu Y, Wang H, Ren G, Wang H. The detection and role of heat shock protein 70 in various nondisease conditions and disease conditions: a literature review. Cell Stress Chaperones 2015; 20:885-92. [PMID: 26139132 PMCID: PMC4595429 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-015-0618-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
As an intracellular polypeptide, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) can be exposed on the plasma membrane and/or released into the circulation. However, the role of HSP70 in various nondisease and disease conditions remains unknown. Quantitative methods for the detection of HSP70 have been used in clinical studies, revealing that an increase in circulating HSP70 is associated with various types of exercise, elderly patients presenting with inflammation, mobile phones, inflammation, sepsis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, carotid intima-media thickness, glutamine-treated ill patients, mortality, diabetes mellitus, active chronic glomerulonephritis, and cancers. Circulating HSP70 decreases with age in humans and in obstructive sleep apnea, arteriosclerosis, atrial fibrillation (AF) following coronary artery bypass surgery, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, moderate-to-severe alcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatic steatosis, and Helicobacter pylori infection. In conclusion, quantitative methods can be used to detect HSP70, particularly in determining circulating HSP70 levels, using more convenient and rapid screening methods. Studies have shown that changes in HSP70 are associated with various nondisease and disease conditions; thus, HSP70 might be a novel potential biomarker reflecting various nondisease conditions and also the severity of disease conditions. However, the reliability and accuracy, as well as the underlying mechanism, of this relationship remain poorly understood, and large-sample clinical research must be performed to verify the role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoge Qu
- Internal Medicine, Taishan Hospital, No. 3 Tianwaicun Street, Taian City, Shandong, 271000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yiguo Jia
- Internal Medicine, Taishan Hospital, No. 3 Tianwaicun Street, Taian City, Shandong, 271000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanxun Liu
- Internal Medicine, Taishan Hospital, No. 3 Tianwaicun Street, Taian City, Shandong, 271000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Internal Medicine, Taishan Hospital, No. 3 Tianwaicun Street, Taian City, Shandong, 271000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangying Ren
- Internal Medicine, Taishan Hospital, No. 3 Tianwaicun Street, Taian City, Shandong, 271000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Wang
- Internal Medicine, Taishan Hospital, No. 3 Tianwaicun Street, Taian City, Shandong, 271000, People's Republic of China
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15
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Garamvölgyi Z, Prohászka Z, Rigó J, Kecskeméti A, Molvarec A. Increased circulating heat shock protein 70 (HSPA1A) levels in gestational diabetes mellitus: a pilot study. Cell Stress Chaperones 2015; 20:575-81. [PMID: 25720752 PMCID: PMC4463915 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-015-0579-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent data indicate that serum Hsp70 (HSPA1A) levels are increased in type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. However, there is no report in the literature on circulating Hsp70 levels in gestational diabetes mellitus. In this pilot study, we measured serum Hsp70 levels in 11 pregnant women with pregestational diabetes, 38 women with gestational diabetes, and 40 healthy pregnant women with ELISA. Plasma glucose levels, serum insulin concentrations, HbA1c values, and the Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index were also determined. According to our results, serum Hsp70 concentrations were significantly higher in women with pregestational and gestational diabetes mellitus than in healthy pregnant women. In addition, pregestational diabetic women had significantly higher Hsp70 levels than those with gestational diabetes. Furthermore, in the group of women with gestational diabetes mellitus, serum Hsp70 levels showed a significant positive correlation with HbA1c values. However, there was no other relationship between clinical features and metabolic parameters of the study subjects and their serum Hsp70 levels in either study group. In conclusion, we demonstrated for the first time in the literature that serum Hsp70 levels are increased and correlate with HbA1c values in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to determine whether circulating Hsp70 plays a causative role in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes or elevated serum Hsp70 levels are only consequences of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Garamvölgyi
- />First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Baross utca 27, Budapest, 1088 Hungary
| | - Zoltán Prohászka
- />Third Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- />Research Group of Inflammation Biology and Immunogenomics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Rigó
- />First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Baross utca 27, Budapest, 1088 Hungary
| | - András Kecskeméti
- />First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Baross utca 27, Budapest, 1088 Hungary
| | - Attila Molvarec
- />First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Baross utca 27, Budapest, 1088 Hungary
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16
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Bikov A, Bocskei R, Eszes N, Bohacs A, Losonczy G, Rigo J, Horvath I, Tamasi L. Circulating survivin levels in healthy and asthmatic pregnancy. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2014; 12:93. [PMID: 25248821 PMCID: PMC4189549 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-12-93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is one of the most common conditions which complicate pregnancy. Pro- and anti-apoptotic mechanisms can be modulated by asthma accompanying pregnancy. Survivin, an anti-apoptotic protein has been implicated in the pathomechanism of asthma and also in the development of pathological pregnancies; however survivin has not been studied in pregnant asthmatics. METHODS Twenty-eight asthmatic pregnant (AP), 25 asthmatic non-pregnant (ANP), 21 healthy pregnant (HP) and 29 healthy non-pregnant (HNP) women were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Plasma survivin concentration was determined by ELISA. RESULTS Plasma survivin was significantly lower in HP (1.64 /0-74.9/ pg/ml) than in HNP (24.6 /0-333.3/ pg/ml, p = 0.01). However, this difference was not observed between the asthmatic groups (p = 0.64). Similarly, there was no difference either between HNP and ANP (10.5 /0-215.4/ pg/ml, p = 0.23) or between HP and AP (13.9 /0-364.1/ pg/ml, p = 0.30) groups. CONCLUSIONS Decreased plasma survivin levels in physiological but not in asthmatic pregnancy may suggest that the normal apoptotic mechanisms are compromised in asthmatic gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andras Bikov
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, 1/C Dios arok, Budapest, H-1125 Hungary
| | - Renata Bocskei
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, 1/C Dios arok, Budapest, H-1125 Hungary
| | - Noemi Eszes
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, 1/C Dios arok, Budapest, H-1125 Hungary
| | - Aniko Bohacs
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, 1/C Dios arok, Budapest, H-1125 Hungary
| | - Gyorgy Losonczy
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, 1/C Dios arok, Budapest, H-1125 Hungary
| | - Janos Rigo
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, 27 Baross utca, Budapest, H-1085 Hungary
| | - Ildiko Horvath
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, 1/C Dios arok, Budapest, H-1125 Hungary
| | - Lilla Tamasi
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, 1/C Dios arok, Budapest, H-1125 Hungary
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17
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Roles of heat shock factor 1 in neuronal response to fetal environmental risks and its relevance to brain disorders. Neuron 2014; 82:560-72. [PMID: 24726381 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure of the developing brain to various environmental challenges increases susceptibility to late onset of neuropsychiatric dysfunction; still, the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. Here we show that exposure of embryos to a variety of environmental factors such as alcohol, methylmercury, and maternal seizure activates HSF1 in cerebral cortical cells. Furthermore, Hsf1 deficiency in the mouse cortex exposed in utero to subthreshold levels of these challenges causes structural abnormalities and increases seizure susceptibility after birth. In addition, we found that human neural progenitor cells differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells derived from schizophrenia patients show higher variability in the levels of HSF1 activation induced by environmental challenges compared to controls. We propose that HSF1 plays a crucial role in the response of brain cells to prenatal environmental insults and may be a key component in the pathogenesis of late-onset neuropsychiatric disorders.
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18
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Dong J, Guo L, Liao Z, Zhang M, Zhang M, Wang T, Chen L, Xu D, Feng Y, Wen F. Increased expression of heat shock protein 70 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int Immunopharmacol 2013; 17:885-93. [PMID: 24095952 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) plays a critical role in the process of inflammation and innate immunity response under environmental stress. OBJECTIVES This study was to investigate HSP70 expression in the peripheral lung tissues of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and in human bronchial epithelial cells (16-HBE) exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE). METHODS Peripheral lung tissues were collected after lung cancer resection from 26 patients without COPD, 20 with mild COPD and 15 with advanced COPD, classified by lung function criteria. Among these cases, 37 were smokers and 24 non-smokers. Lung tissues were examined for histopathological changes and levels of HSP70 and IL-8. Cultured 16-HBE cells were stimulated with CSE in the absence or presence of HSP70 neutralizing antibody and the expressions of IL-8 and phospho-EGFR protein were determined. RESULTS Compared to patients without COPD, the levels of HSP70 and IL-8 were significantly increased in the lung tissues of COPD patients and positively correlated with the severity of the disease. The HSP70 expression was significantly higher in current smokers than that in non-smokers. Moreover, CSE-induced HSP70 significantly enhanced IL-8 production and EGFR phosphorylation in 16-HBE cells. The increases in IL-8 and phospho-EGFR were blocked by anti-HSP70 antibody. CONCLUSIONS Our study clarified that increased expression of HSP70 is closely related to COPD disease severity and smoking status. Extracellular HSP70 regulated chemokine productions and EGFR phosphorylation and plays an important role in the CSE-induced inflammatory and innate immunity responses in bronchial epithelia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Dong
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China and Department of Respiratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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19
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Ivancsó I, Toldi G, Bohács A, Eszes N, Müller V, Rigó J, Vásárhelyi B, Losonczy G, Tamási L. Relationship of circulating soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) levels to disease control in asthma and asthmatic pregnancy. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60697. [PMID: 23565268 PMCID: PMC3614899 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma has a high burden of morbidity if not controlled and may frequently complicate pregnancy, posing a risk for pregnancy outcomes. Elevated plasma level of the inflammatory biomarker soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is related to a worse prognosis in many conditions such as infectious, autoimmune, or pregnancy-related diseases; however the value of suPAR in asthma and asthmatic pregnancy is unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the suPAR, CRP and IL-6 levels in asthma (asthmatic non-pregnant, ANP; N = 38; female N = 27) and asthmatic pregnancy (AP; N = 15), compared to healthy non-pregnant controls (HNP; N = 29; female N = 19) and to healthy pregnant women (HP; N = 58). The relationship between suPAR levels and asthma control was also evaluated. The diagnostic efficacy of suPAR in asthma control was analyzed using ROC analysis. IL-6 and CRP levels were comparable in all study groups. Circulating suPAR levels were lower in HP and AP than in HNP and ANP subjects, respectively (2.01 [1.81–2.38] and 2.39 [2.07–2.69] vs. 2.60 [1.82–3.49] and 2.84 [2.33–3.72] ng/mL, respectively, p = 0.0001). suPAR and airway resistance correlated in ANP (r = 0.47, p = 0.004). ROC analysis of suPAR values in ANP patients with PEF above and below 80% yielded an AUC of 0.75 (95% CI: 0.57–0.92, p = 0.023) and with ACT total score above and below 20 an AUC of 0.80 (95% CI: 0.64–0.95, p = 0.006). The cut-off value of suPAR to discriminate between controlled and not controlled AP and ANP was 4.04 ng/mL. In conclusion, suPAR may help the objective assessment of asthma control, since it correlates with airway resistance and has good sensitivity in the detection of impaired asthma control. Decrease in circulating suPAR levels detected both in healthy and asthmatic pregnant women presumably represents pregnancy induced immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- István Ivancsó
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergely Toldi
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anikó Bohács
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Noémi Eszes
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Veronika Müller
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Rigó
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barna Vásárhelyi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Losonczy
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lilla Tamási
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- * E-mail:
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20
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Changchun H, Haijin Z, Wenjun L, Zhenyu L, Dan Z, Laiyu L, Wancheng T, Shao-xi C, Fei Z. Increased heat shock protein 70 levels in induced sputum and plasma correlate with severity of asthma patients. Cell Stress Chaperones 2011; 16:663-71. [PMID: 21643870 PMCID: PMC3220390 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-011-0271-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Revised: 05/15/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Damage-associated molecular pattern molecules such as high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma. The aim of our study was to examine the induced sputum and plasma concentrations of HSP70 in asthmatic patients to determine their relationship with airway obstruction. Thirty-four healthy controls and 56 patients with persistent bronchial asthma matched for gender and age were enrolled in this study. Spirometry measurements were performed before sputum induction. HSP70 levels in induced sputum and plasma were measured using the ELISA Kit. Sputum and plasma concentrations of HSP70 in asthmatics patients were significantly higher than that in control subjects (sputum, (0.88 ng/ml (0.27-1.88 ng/ml) versus 0.42 ng/ml (0.18-0.85 ng/ml), p < 0.001); plasma, (0.46 ng/ml (0.20-0.98 ng/ml) versus 0.14 ng/ml (0.11-0.37 ng/ml), p < 0.001) and were significantly negatively correlated with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1 (percent predicted), and FEV1/FVC in all 90 participants and 56 patients with asthma. There were no significant differences in HSP70 levels between patients with eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic asthma. HSP70 levels in plasma were positively correlated with neutrophil count, and HSP70 levels in induced sputum were positively correlated with lymphocyte count. In multivariate analysis, independent predictors of sputum HSP70 were diseases and disease severity but not smoking, age, or gender, and independent predictors of plasma HSP70 were also diseases and disease severity. In conclusion, this study indicates that induced sputum and plasma HSP70 could serve as a useful marker for assessing the degree of airway obstruction in patients with asthma. However, further investigation is needed to establish the role of circulating and sputum HSP70 in the pathogenesis of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hou Changchun
- Department of Respiration, Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
- Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 China
| | - Zhao Haijin
- Department of Respiration, Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Li Wenjun
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Liang Zhenyu
- Department of Respiration, Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Zhang Dan
- Department of Respiration, Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Liu Laiyu
- Department of Respiration, Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Tong Wancheng
- Department of Respiration, Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Cai Shao-xi
- Department of Respiration, Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Zou Fei
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
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Rodríguez-Dennen F, Martínez-Ocaña J, Kawa-Karasik S, Villanueva-Egan L, Reyes-Paredes N, Flisser A, Olivo-Díaz A. Comparison of hemodynamic, biochemical and hematological parameters of healthy pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy and the active labor phase. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2011; 11:33. [PMID: 21548965 PMCID: PMC3115919 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2393-11-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2010] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnancy is accompanied by several hemodynamic, biochemical and hematological changes which revert to normal values after labor. The mean values of these parameters have been reported for developed countries, but not for Mexican women. Furthermore, labor constitutes a stress situation, in which these factors may be altered. It is known that serologic increase of heat shock protein (Hsp) 70 is associated with abnormal pregnancies, presenting very low level in normal pregnant women. Nevertheless, there are no studies where these measurements are compared in healthy pregnant women at their third trimester of pregnancy (3TP) and the active labor phase (ActLP). METHODS Seventy five healthy Mexican pregnant women were included. Hemodynamic, biochemical and hematological parameters were obtained in all cases, and serum Hsp70 levels were measured in a sample of 15 women at 3TP and at ActLP. RESULTS Significant differences were found in most analysis performed and in Hsp70 concentration at 3TP as compared to ActLP, however all were within normal range in both conditions, supporting that only in pathological pregnancies Hsp70 is drastically increased. CONCLUSION Results obtained indicate that 3TP and ActLP have clinical similarities in normal pregnancies, therefore if abnormalities are found during 3TP, precautions should be taken before ActLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Rodríguez-Dennen
- Instituto de Oftalmología Fundación Conde de Valenciana, Chimalpopoca 14 Colonia Obrera, C.P. 06800 DF, México
| | - Joel Martínez-Ocaña
- Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Calzada de Tlalpan 4800, México 14080 DF, México
| | - Simón Kawa-Karasik
- Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Calzada de Tlalpan 4800, México 14080 DF, México
| | | | - Norberto Reyes-Paredes
- Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Calzada de Tlalpan 4800, México 14080 DF, México
| | - Ana Flisser
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México 04510 DF, México
| | - Angélica Olivo-Díaz
- Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Calzada de Tlalpan 4800, México 14080 DF, México
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22
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Nakhjavani M, Morteza A, Meysamie A, Esteghamati A, Khalilzadeh O, Esfahanian F, Khajeali L, Feiz F. Serum heat shock protein 70 and oxidized LDL in patients with type 2 diabetes: does sex matter? Cell Stress Chaperones 2011; 16:195-201. [PMID: 20872261 PMCID: PMC3059792 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-010-0232-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2010] [Revised: 09/11/2010] [Accepted: 09/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies suggest that the response to various stressors differs between the sexes. We aimed to study serum HSP70 and levels of oxidized-LDL (ox-LDL) as markers of oxidative stress in men and women with type 2 diabetes. We quantified serum HSP70 and levels of ox-LDL in three cohorts; patients with newly diagnosed diabetes, patients with long-standing diabetes and normal controls. The cohort of patients with newly diagnosed diabetes was followed up for 3 months under glucose-lowering therapy with metformin. Our findings showed that serum HSP70 level was increased in women with long-standing diabetes in comparison with men. HSP70 did not decrease after glucose lowering therapy in women with newly diagnosed diabetes, but it did decrease in men. There was no significant difference on ox-LDL between men and women in any of the studied cohorts. It decreased significantly in the cohort of patients with newly diagnosed diabetes after treatment, regardless of sex. There was no significant correlation between HSP70 and ox-LDL in any of the studied cohorts except among normal women. We suggest that diabetes induces an immune response and impairs cellular defense mechanisms against oxidative stress more commonly in women with type 2 diabetes than in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manouchehr Nakhjavani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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23
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Abstract
Worldwide the prevalence of asthma among pregnant women is on the rise, and pregnancy leads to a worsening of asthma for many women. This article examines the changes in asthma that may occur during pregnancy, with particular reference to asthma exacerbations. Asthma affects not only the mother but the baby as well, with potential complications including low birth weight, preterm delivery, perinatal mortality, and preeclampsia. Barriers to effective asthma management and opportunities for optimized care and treatment are discussed, and a summary of the clinical guidelines for the management of asthma during pregnancy is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa E Murphy
- Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Locked Bag 1, HRMC, Newcastle, New South Wales 2310, Australia; Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Locked Bag 1, HRMC, Newcastle, New South Wales 2310, Australia.
| | - Peter G Gibson
- Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Locked Bag 1, HRMC, Newcastle, New South Wales 2310, Australia; Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Locked Bag 1, HRMC, Newcastle, New South Wales 2310, Australia; Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe (Sydney), New South Wales 2037, Australia
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24
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Asthma in pregnancy--immunological changes and clinical management. Respir Med 2010; 105:159-64. [PMID: 21145223 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2010.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Revised: 10/07/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is one of the most common diseases complicating pregnancy and a risk factor for several maternal and fetal complications, posing a special challenge for physicians treating asthmatic pregnant women. Asthma influences the outcome of pregnancy and - vice versa - pregnancy affects asthma severity with bidirectional immunological interactions that are currently being examined. Supporting pregnancy-induced immunotolerance is the observation that attenuation of allergic responses can be detected in controlled asthmatic pregnant patients. However, uncontrolled asthmatic pregnant women show significant asthma-associated immune reactions, such as diminished pregnancy specific regulatory T cell proliferation, that may - besides other factors - influence fetal growth. Uncontrolled, symptomatic asthma may increase the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes; thus adequate regular anti-asthmatic treatment resulting in optimal asthma control represents a vital need during pregnancy. This review summarizes immunological changes characterizing pregnancy in asthmatic women together with the clinical implications of asthma management during pregnancy.
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25
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Tamási L, Bohács A, Horváth I, Losonczy G. Asthma in pregnancy - from immunology to clinical management. Multidiscip Respir Med 2010; 5:259-63. [PMID: 22958582 PMCID: PMC3436629 DOI: 10.1186/2049-6958-5-4-259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is one of the most common chronic medical conditions that may complicate pregnancy. Asthma influences the outcome of pregnancy and, vice versa, pregnancy affects asthma severity, but the underlying immunological mechanisms of this interaction are not fully understood. As a sign of pregnancy-induced immunotolerance, attenuation of allergic responses can be detected in controlled asthmatic pregnant patients; however non controlled asthmatic pregnant women show significant asthma-associated immune reactions that may, beside other factors, influence fetal growth. Generally, although uncontrolled asthma may increase the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes, women with well-controlled and adequately treated disease during pregnancy do not develop maternal or fetal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilla Tamási
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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26
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Schmidt EP, Tuder RM. Role of Apoptosis in Amplifying Inflammatory Responses in Lung Diseases. J Cell Death 2010; 2010:41-53. [PMID: 22081757 PMCID: PMC3213897 DOI: 10.4137/jcd.s5375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is an important contributor to the pathophysiology of lung diseases such as acute lung injury (ALI) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Furthermore, the cellular environment of these acute and chronic lung diseases favors the delayed clearance of apoptotic cells. This dysfunctional efferocytosis predisposes to the release of endogenous ligands from dying cells. These so-called damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) play an important role in the stimulation of innate immunity as well as in the induction of adaptive immunity, potentially against autoantigens. In this review, we explore the role of apoptosis in ALI and COPD, with particular attention to the contribution of DAMP release in augmenting the inflammatory response in these disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- E P Schmidt
- Program in Translational Lung Research, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado at Denver, School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado
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27
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Role of Apoptosis in Amplifying Inflammatory Responses in Lung Diseases. J Cell Death 2010; 3:41-53. [PMID: 28469476 PMCID: PMC5324575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is an important contributor to the pathophysiology of lung diseases such as acute lung injury (ALI) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Furthermore, the cellular environment of these acute and chronic lung diseases favors the delayed clearance of apoptotic cells. This dysfunctional efferocytosis predisposes to the release of endogenous ligands from dying cells. These so-called damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) play an important role in the stimulation of innate immunity as well as in the induction of adaptive immunity, potentially against autoantigens. In this review, we explore the role of apoptosis in ALI and COPD, with particular attention to the contribution of DAMP release in augmenting the inflammatory response in these disease states.
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28
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Molvarec A, Tamási L, Losonczy G, Madách K, Prohászka Z, Rigó J. Circulating heat shock protein 70 (HSPA1A) in normal and pathological pregnancies. Cell Stress Chaperones 2010; 15:237-47. [PMID: 19821156 PMCID: PMC2866993 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-009-0146-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2009] [Revised: 09/22/2009] [Accepted: 09/29/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are ubiquitous and phylogenetically conserved molecules. They are usually considered to be intracellular proteins with molecular chaperone and cytoprotective functions. However, Hsp70 (HSPA1A) is present in the peripheral circulation of healthy nonpregnant and pregnant individuals. In normal pregnancy, circulating Hsp70 levels are decreased, and show a positive correlation with gestational age and an inverse correlation with maternal age. The capacity of extracellular Hsp70 to elicit innate and adaptive proinflammatory (Th1-type) immune responses might be harmful in pregnancy and may lead to the maternal immune rejection of the fetus. Decreased circulating Hsp70 level, consequently, may promote the maintenance of immunological tolerance to the fetus. Indeed, elevated circulating Hsp70 concentrations are associated with an increased risk of several pregnancy complications. Elevated Hsp70 levels in healthy pregnant women at term might also have an effect on the onset of labor. In preeclampsia, serum Hsp70 levels are increased, and reflect systemic inflammation, oxidative stress and hepatocellular injury. Furthermore, serum Hsp70 levels are significantly higher in patients with the syndrome of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (HELLP syndrome) than in severely preeclamptic patients without HELLP syndrome. In HELLP syndrome, elevated serum Hsp70 level indicates tissue damage (hemolysis and hepatocellular injury) and disease severity. Increased circulating Hsp70 level may not only be a marker of these conditions, but might also play a role in their pathogenesis. Extracellular Hsp70 derived from stressed and damaged, necrotic cells can elicit a proinflammatory (Th1) immune response, which might be involved in the development of the maternal systemic inflammatory response and resultant endothelial damage in preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome. Circulating Hsp70 level is also elevated in preterm delivery high-risk patients, particularly in treatment-resistant cases, and may be a useful marker for evaluating the curative effects of treatment for preterm delivery. In addition, increased circulating Hsp70 levels observed in asthmatic pregnant patients might play a connecting role in the pathomechanism of asthmatic inflammation and obstetrical/perinatal complications. Nevertheless, a prospective study should be undertaken to determine whether elevated serum Hsp70 level precedes the development of any pregnancy complication, and thus can help to predict adverse maternal or perinatal pregnancy outcome. Moreover, the role of circulating Hsp70 in normal and pathological pregnancies is not fully known, and further studies are warranted to address this important issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Molvarec
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Baross utca 27, Budapest, 1088, Hungary.
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