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Zhang J, Cheng H, Di Narzo A, Zhu Y, Xie S, Shao X, Zhang Z, Chung SK, Hao K. Profiling Microbiota from Multiple Sites in the Respiratory Tract to Identify a Biomarker for PM 2.5 Nitrate Exposure-Induced Pulmonary Damages. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:7346-7357. [PMID: 37133311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c08807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The microbiota present in the respiratory tract (RT) responds to environmental stimuli and engages in a continuous interaction with the host immune system to maintain homeostasis. A total of 40 C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups and exposed to varying concentrations of PM2.5 nitrate aerosol and clean air. After 10 weeks of exposure, assessments were conducted on the lung and airway microbiome, lung functions, and pulmonary inflammation. Additionally, we analyzed data from both mouse and human respiratory tract (RT) microbiomes to identify possible biomarkers for PM2.5 exposure-induced pulmonary damages. On average, 1.5 and 13.5% inter-individual microbiome variations in the lung and airway were explained by exposure, respectively. In the airway, among the 60 bacterial OTUs (operational taxonomic units) > 0.05% proportion, 40 OTUs were significantly affected by PM2.5 exposure (FDR ≤ 10%). Further, the airway microbiome was associated with peak expiratory flow (PEF) (p = 0.003), pulmonary neutrophil counts (p = 0.01), and alveolar 8-OHdG oxidative lesions (p = 0.0078). The Clostridiales order bacteria showed the strongest signals. For example, the o_Clostridiales;f_;g_ OTU was elevated by PM2.5 nitrate exposure (p = 4.98 × 10-5) and negatively correlated with PEF (r = -0.585 and p = 2.4 × 10-4). It was also associated with the higher pulmonary neutrophil count (p = 8.47 × 10-5) and oxidative lesion (p = 7.17 × 10-3). In human data, we confirmed the association of airway Clostridiales order bacteria with PM2.5 exposure and lung function. For the first time, this study characterizes the impact of PM2.5 exposure on the microbiome of multiple sites in the respiratory tract (RT) and its relevance to airflow obstructive diseases. By analyzing data from both humans and mice, we have identified bacteria belonging to the Clostridiales order as a promising biomarker for PM2.5 exposure-induced decline in pulmonary function and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jushan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Haoxiang Cheng
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029-6574, United States
| | - Antonio Di Narzo
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029-6574, United States
| | - Yujie Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Shuanshuan Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xiaowen Shao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Zhongyang Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029-6574, United States
| | - Sookja Kim Chung
- Medical Faculty, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Ke Hao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029-6574, United States
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Agrawal M, Devi MSK. A Comparative Study to Explore Static and Dynamic Lung Functions in Users and Non-Users of Air Conditioners in Bengaluru. Indian J Occup Environ Med 2023; 27:177-182. [PMID: 37600640 PMCID: PMC10434799 DOI: 10.4103/ijoem.ijoem_280_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Air conditioners (AC) have become indispensable in the contemporary World. However, their effects on respiratory health need to be explored further using dynamic and static lung functions. Objectives The objectives were: 1. To evaluate and compare dynamic parameters (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, PEFR, and FEF25-75) in AC users and non-users of Bengaluru. 2. To evaluate and compare airway resistance and specific airway conductance as additional parameters. Materials and Methods After applying ATS-ERS criteria for lung disorders, 30 AC users and non-users of Bengaluru, aged 18-40 yrs were assessed using body plethysmography. A significant association of restrictive pattern was seen in AC users (9 AC users out of 60 participants, Chi-square 8.37, P = 0.0038) having an Odd's ratio of 26.95 (CI: 1.4876 to 488.3558, Z = 2.229, P = 0.0258). Airway resistance (Raw) was comparable in both groups further indicating a non-obstructive pathology. Conclusion AC users had a significant decrease in flow rates (PEFR and FEF25-75) as well as an association with restrictive lung disorder suggesting the need for proper ventilation and hygiene. It is crucial to develop policies to maintain indoor air quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Agrawal
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences AIIMS, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - MS Kusuma Devi
- Department of Physiology, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Serya H, El-Helaly M, Mosbah El-Diasty M, Al-Wehedy A, Elsherbeny E. Respiratory Findings in Herd Dairy Farmworkers from the Nile Delta Region. Med Lav 2023; 114:e2023004. [PMID: 36790408 PMCID: PMC9987471 DOI: 10.23749/mdl.v114i1.13518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dairy farmworkers are exposed to a variety of respiratory hazards, including organic and inorganic dust, allergens, disinfectants, and gases emitted by cows and their wastes resulting in a range of adverse health effects. In Egypt, large herd dairy farms (>1000 cattle) are growing in both size and number and thereby more workers are employed. However, there is a lack of studies on the respiratory health status of these workers. Accordingly, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence of respiratory problems, assess ventilatory functions, and highlight the predictors of abnormal spirometry patterns among Egyptian dairy farmworkers. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out on 282 male workers, of whom 141 were dairy farmworkers and the other 141, not involved in livestock handling, were enrolled as controls. Full history, clinical examination, and ventilatory function measurements were done for both groups. RESULTS Dairy farmworkers had a significantly higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms (throat irritation and/or sore throat, cough, sputum production, and difficulty breathing) than controls as well as bronchitis, wheezes on chest auscultation, and obstructive ventilatory patterns. Older age (>37 years), longer smoking duration (>10 years), and longer working duration (>4 years) were independent predictors of abnormal spirometry patterns, particularly obstructive patterns, in dairy farmworkers. CONCLUSIONS Large herd dairy farms, despite being open and naturally ventilated, are hazardous to workers' respiratory health. Hence, the provision of personal protective equipment, periodic spirometry examinations as well as mandatory breaks and days off, are highly urged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend Serya
- Industrial Medicine and Occupational Health at Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed El-Helaly
- Industrial Medicine and Occupational Health at Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt.
| | | | - Adel Al-Wehedy
- Industrial Medicine and Occupational Health at Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt.
| | - Enas Elsherbeny
- Industrial Medicine and Occupational Health at Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt.
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Zhu Y, Jing D, Liang H, Li D, Chang Q, Shen M, Pan P, Liu H, Zhang Y. Vitamin D status and asthma, lung function, and hospitalization among British adults. Front Nutr 2022; 9:954768. [PMID: 36034921 PMCID: PMC9399919 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.954768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D has been known to be associated with asthma. However, the association between vitamin D status and asthma, lung function as well as hospitalization among adults remains unclear. Objective To investigate the role of serum vitamin D in asthma prevalence, lung function, and asthma control in adults. Methods Multivariable logistic regression was applied to assess the relationship between serum vitamin D and asthma prevalence, lung function (FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC), current wheeze, and asthma-linked hospitalizations in a cross-sectional study of 435,040 adults aged 37-73 years old from the UK Biobank. Results Compared to vitamin D deficiency, the odds of asthma were decreased by 6.4% [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.936; 95% CI: 0.911-0.962; p < 0.001] and 9.8% (aOR = 0. 0.902; 95% CI: 0.877-0. 0.927; p < 0.001) in individuals with insufficient and optimal vitamin D concentration, respectively, in the fully adjusted model. In total asthmatic patients, serum vitamin D was obviously and positively related with FEV1 (β = 1.328 ml, 95% CI = 0.575-2.080), FVC (β = 2.018 ml, 95% CI = 1.127-2.908), and FEV1/FVC (β = 0.006%, 95% CI = 0.002-0.010). Asthmatic patients whose vitamin D level was in the deficient category had 9.3-19.9% higher odds of current wheeze than insufficient categories (aOR = 0.907; 95% CI: 0.861-0.957; p < 0.001) and optimal categories (aOR = 0.801; 95% CI: 0.759-0.845; p < 0.001), but the relationship between vitamin D and asthma hospitalization was not significant. Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency was related to higher odds of asthma and current wheeze, and lower lung function in a large sample size study of British adults. Our results indicate a potential positive impact of serum vitamin D on asthma occurrence and disease control in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Zhu
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China
| | - Danrong Jing
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huaying Liang
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China
| | - Dianwu Li
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China
| | - Qinyu Chang
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China
| | - Minxue Shen
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pinhua Pan
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China
- National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Liu
- National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China
- National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Azab AR, Abdelbasset WK, Alrawaili SM, Elsayed AEA, Hajelbashir MI, Kamel FH, Basha MA. Effect of Chest Resistance and Expansion Exercises on Respiratory Muscle Strength, Lung Function, and Thoracic Excursion in Children with a Post-Operative Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19106101. [PMID: 35627640 PMCID: PMC9142097 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a life-threatening condition with long-term complications including respiratory tract infections, respiratory muscle weakness, and abnormal lung functions. This study was designed to ascertain the effects of chest resistance and chest expansion exercises on respiratory muscle strength, lung function, and chest mobility in children with post-operative CDH. METHODS This randomized controlled clinical study was conducted in the outpatient physiotherapy clinic at Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University. Thirty-two children with CDH aged 10-14 years between May 2020 and February 2021 were randomly allocated to the study group (n = 16) and the control group (n = 16). The control group underwent a usual chest physiotherapy program; however, the study group underwent a 12-week chest resistance exercise combined with chest expansion exercise in addition to usual chest physiotherapy, with three sessions per week. Respiratory muscle strength, lung function, and thoracic excursion were assessed pre- and post-treatment. RESULTS Using the 2 × 2 repeated ANOVA, significant time × group interactions were detected in favor of the study group, FVC (F = 4.82, 95% CI = -15.6 to -0.97, p = 0.005, and η2 = 0.16), FEV1 (F = 4.54, 95% CI = -11.99 to -2.8, p ˂ 0.001, and η2 = 0.14), PImax (F = 5.12, 95% CI = -15.71 to -5.3, p ˂ 0.001, and η2 = 0.15), and thoracic excursion (F = 4.41, 95% CI = -2.04 to -0.16, p = 0.036, and η2 = 0.17). CONCLUSIONS Concurrent chest resistance and expansion exercises may improve respiratory muscle strength, lung function, and thoracic excursion in children with post-operative CDH. The study findings suggest that concurrent chest and chest expansion exercises be part of an appropriate pulmonary rehabilitation program in children with a history of CDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alshimaa R. Azab
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (W.K.A.); (S.M.A.)
- Department of Physical Therapy for Pediatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-569-485087
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (W.K.A.); (S.M.A.)
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Saud M. Alrawaili
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (W.K.A.); (S.M.A.)
| | - Abbas Elbakry A. Elsayed
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (A.E.A.E.); (M.I.H.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assuit 71524, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Ibrahim Hajelbashir
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (A.E.A.E.); (M.I.H.)
| | - FatmaAlzahraa H. Kamel
- Department of Physical Therapy for Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medical Rehabilitation, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Maged A. Basha
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medical Rehabilitation, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Physical Therapy, El-Sahel Teaching Hospital, General Organization for Teaching Hospitals and Institutes, Cairo 11697, Egypt
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Derso Y, Dagnew B, Akalu Y, Getu AA, Getnet M, Yeshaw Y. Pulmonary function, respiratory symptoms and associated factors among cotton-ginning workers at Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia: a comparative cross-sectional study. Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol 2021; 13:140-147. [PMID: 34868464 PMCID: PMC8611241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cotton dust is one of the risk factors for occupational respiratory diseases, a condition characterized by reduced pulmonary function and overwhelming respiratory symptoms. Therefore, this study aimed to determine pulmonary function parameters, respiratory symptoms, and associated factors among cotton-ginning workers at Gondar city, northwest Ethiopia. METHODS A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on 166 (83 cotton-ginning workers and 83 healthy controls) individuals. Simple random sampling and convenience sampling techniques were used to recruit cotton-ginning workers and controls, respectively. Pulmonary function parameters were measured using Spirometer. Data on respiratory symptoms were collected using the Modified American Thoracic Society questionnaire. We used Chi-square (χ2) and independent "t" test to compare the outcome variables between the two groups. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the associated factors of respiratory symptoms among cotton-ginning workers. The strength of association was determined using an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) and statistical significance was decided at P<0.05. RESULTS Cotton-ginning workers had reduced FVC, FVC%, FEV1, FEV1/FVC%, PEFR and FEF25-75%) as compared with controls. The prevalence of overall respiratory symptom was 68.6% (95% CI: 57.8, 77.8) among cotton-ginning workers and 19.2% (95% CI: 12, 29.3) among controls. Females (AOR=5.9, 95% CI: 1.19, 29.9), those with primary and secondary education (AOR=7.9, 95% CI: 1.2, 52), working at ginning department (AOR=9.4, 95% CI 1.6, 53) and pressing department (AOR=8.0, 95% CI: 1.3, 48) and not using personal protective equipment (PPE) (AOR=9.1, 95% CI: 1.8, 45.1) had an increased odds of having respiratory symptoms. CONCLUSION Reduced pulmonary function parameters and a higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms were observed among cotton-ginning workers than controls. This suggests the need to tailor workplace safety measures to prevent occupational respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonas Derso
- Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch UniversityP. O. Box 21, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Baye Dagnew
- Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of GondarP. O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Yonas Akalu
- Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of GondarP. O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Ayechew Adera Getu
- Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of GondarP. O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mihret Getnet
- Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of GondarP. O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Yigizie Yeshaw
- Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of GondarP. O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of GondarP. O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Maan HB, Meo SA, Al Rouq F, Meo IMU, Gacuan ME, Alkhalifah JM. Effect of Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) and Duration of Disease on Lung Functions in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18136970. [PMID: 34209922 PMCID: PMC8297156 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a highly challenging global health care problem. This study aimed to assess the effect of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and duration of diabetes on lung function in type 2 diabetic patients and assess whether duration or high HbA1c is more noxious to damage the lung functions. A total of 202 participants, 101 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and 101 age-, gender-, height-, and weight-matched controlled subjects were recruited. The HbA1c was measured through a clover analyzer, and lung function test parameters were recorded by spirometry. The results revealed a significant inverse correlation between HbA1c and Vital Capacity (VC) (r = -0.221, p = 0.026), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) (r = -0.261, p = 0.008), Forced Expiratory Volume in First Second (FEV1) (r = -0.272, p = 0.006), Forced Expiratory Flow 25% (FEF-25%) (r = -0.196, p = 0.050), Forced Expiratory Flow 50% (FEF-50%) (r = -0.223, p = 0.025), and Forced Expiratory Flow 75% (FEF-75%) (r = -0.169, p = 0.016). Moreover, FEV1 (p = 0.029), FEV1/FVC% (p = 0.006), FEF-50% (p = 0.001), and FEF-75% (p = 0.003) were significantly lower in the diabetic group with duration of disease 5-10 and >10 years compared to the control group. The overall results concluded that high HbA1c or uncontrolled diabetes mellitus has a more damaging effect on lung function impairment compared to the duration of diabetes mellitus. Physicians must regularly monitor the HbA1c level while treating diabetic patients, as good glycemic control is essential to minimize the complications of DM, including lung function impairment in patients with T2DM.
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Elshazly FA, Abdelbasset WK, Elnaggar RK, Tantawy SA. Effects of second-hand smoking on lung functions in athlete and non-athlete school-aged children - observational study. Afr Health Sci 2021; 20:368-375. [PMID: 33402924 PMCID: PMC7750039 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v20i1.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Second-hand smoking or environmental tobacco smoke is a critical health risk. Children are the most vulnerable to second-hand smoking because of their small bronchial ducts, less developed immunity, and low-physical activity. Objectives The purpose of this study was to ascertain the effects of second-hand smoking on lung functions in athlete and non-athlete school-aged children. Methods This observational study included forty-six school-aged children, their age was 8–15 years, assigned to three groups; 2 study groups and 1 control group (n=15). The study groups comprised of 16 football players, and of 15 cyclists. Lung functions were evaluated recording forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 sec and peak expiratory flow using digital spirometer. Results All measures were recorded in definite values and the children were also classified into second-hand smoking (SH), or non-exposed to tobacco smoking (NE). The findings presented a significant increase (p<0.05) of the study groups in forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 sec and peak expiratory flow solely for the non-exposed children. However, there were non-significant differences between the cyclists and football players or between the passive smoking children and non-exposed children in any of the two study groups (p>0.05). Conclusion The outcomes of this study suggest beneficial influences of the sports activity on the lung functions, without different influences of the cyclists and football players on the lung functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fathi A Elshazly
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid K Abdelbasset
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ragab K Elnaggar
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physical Therapy for Pediatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sayed A Tantawy
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Ahlia University, Manama, Bahrain
- Department of Physiotherapy, Centre of Radiation, Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Kulkarni MS, Pingale DP. Effects of Occupational Exposures on the Lung Functions and Quality of Life of Garbage Collectors in the Urban Area. Indian J Occup Environ Med 2019; 23:102-105. [PMID: 31920257 PMCID: PMC6941336 DOI: 10.4103/ijoem.ijoem_128_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was aimed to investigate the lung functions and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of garbage collection workers of the urban cities in India. STUDY SETTING Urban city in India. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cross-sectional study encompassed 110 participants, 55 garbage collection workers in a garbage depot in the urban city of India and 55 age-matched control group volunteering to participate in the study. Assessment of the lung function was done by using computerized spirometry and HRQoL with the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Various statistical measures such as mean, standard deviations (SD), test of significance were utilized to analyze the data. Parametric data were analyzed by unpaired t-test and nonparametric data by Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS A statistically significant difference was seen in the lung functions and quality of life in garbage collection workers except for the psychological component of WHOQoL-BREF questionnaire. CONCLUSION The study concludes that there is a greater impairment in the lung functions of garbage collection workers as compared to that of normal individuals. Moreover, the quality of life is lower in garbage workers than that of normal individuals considering the physical, social, and environmental aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhur S. Kulkarni
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Physiotherapy, Chaitanya Medical Foundation's College of Physiotherapy, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Deepali P. Pingale
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Physiotherapy, Chaitanya Medical Foundation's College of Physiotherapy, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Lapo P, Inmutto N, Tanaka H, Suksom D. Cardiorespiratory burden of brass neck coils placed on Kayan Karen long-neck women of Thailand. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 44:894-901. [PMID: 31313969 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
There is only scarce information regarding the physiological and health impact of lifelong wearing of the neck brass coils in Karen Kayan women. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of wearing brass neck coils on cardiorespiratory and cerebrovascular functions in long-neck Karen women. A total of 28 Karen women (aged 23-66 years) were studied. Fourteen Karen women who had been wearing neck brass coils were compared with 14 Karen women with no neck coils. We also studied 14 age-matched city-living controls. Radiographic examination of 2 older Karen women wearing neck coils showed low levels of the clavicles. There were no group differences in resting heart rate and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure was greater and functional capacity was lower in both Karen women than city-living controls (all p < 0.05). Karen women wearing neck coils demonstrated lower flow-mediated dilation, lung functions, including forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume during the first second, and cerebral blood flow velocity than Karen women without neck coils (all p < 0.05). Karen women wearing neck coils demonstrate reduced endothelial and pulmonary functions as well as cerebral perfusion compared with age-matched Karen women without neck coils living in the same villages. Brass neck coils worn by Karen women may elevate risks of developing cardiopulmonary and cerebrovascular diseases. Novelty Cerebral blood flow velocity and macrovascular and microvascular functions were lower in Karen wearing neck coils. There appears to be substantial burden of brass neck coils exerted on physiological systems in Karen women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattawan Lapo
- a Faculty of Sports Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nakarin Inmutto
- b Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Hirofumi Tanaka
- c Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Daroonwan Suksom
- a Faculty of Sports Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.,d Exercise Physiology in Special Population Research Group, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Mikolka P, Kopincova J, Kosutova P, Kolomaznik M, Calkovska A, Mokra D. Anti-IL-8 antibody potentiates the effect of exogenous surfactant in respiratory failure caused by meconium aspiration. Exp Lung Res 2018; 44:40-50. [PMID: 29324051 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2017.1420272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is life-threatening respiratory failure of newborns which can be treated by exogenous surfactant. In response to meconium, increased levels of chemokine IL-8 (CXCL8) stimulate massive neutrophil infiltration of the lungs. Local accumulation and activation of neutrophils, on-going inflammation, lung edema, and oxidative damage contribute to inactivation of endogenous and therapeutically given surfactants. Therefore, we have hypothesized that addition of monoclonal anti-IL-8 antibody into exogenous surfactant can mitigate the neutrophil-induced local injury and the secondary surfactant inactivation and may finally result in improvement of respiratory functions. METHODS New Zealand rabbits with intratracheal meconium-induced respiratory failure (meconium 25 mg/ml, 4 ml/kg) were divided into three groups: untreated (M), surfactant-treated (M + S), and treated with combination of surfactant and anti-IL-8 antibody (M + S + anti-IL-8). Surfactant therapy consisted of two lung lavages with diluted porcine surfactant Curosurf (10 ml/kg, 5 mg phospholipids (PL)/ml) followed by undiluted Curosurf (100 mg PL/kg) delivered by means of asymmetric high-frequency jet ventilation (f. 300/min, Ti 20%). In M + S + anti-IL-8 group, anti-IL-8 antibody (100 µg/kg) was added directly to Curosurf dose. Animals were oxygen-ventilated for additional 5 h, respiratory parameters were measured regularly. Subsequently, cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL), lung edema formation, oxidative damage, levels of interleukins (IL)-1β and IL-6 in the lung homogenate were evaluated. RESULTS Surfactant instillation significantly improved lung function. Addition of anti-IL-8 to surfactant further improved gas exchange and ventilation efficiency and had longer-lasting effect than surfactant-only therapy. Combined treatment showed the trend to reduce neutrophil count in BAL fluid, local oxidative damage, and levels of IL-1β and IL-6 more effectively than surfactant-alone, however, these differences were not significant. CONCLUSION Addition of anti-IL-8 antibody to surfactant could potentiate the efficacy of Curosurf on the gas exchange in experimental model of MAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavol Mikolka
- a Biomedical Center Martin and Department of Physiology , Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia
| | - Jana Kopincova
- a Biomedical Center Martin and Department of Physiology , Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia
| | - Petra Kosutova
- a Biomedical Center Martin and Department of Physiology , Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia
| | - Maros Kolomaznik
- a Biomedical Center Martin and Department of Physiology , Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia
| | - Andrea Calkovska
- a Biomedical Center Martin and Department of Physiology , Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia
| | - Daniela Mokra
- a Biomedical Center Martin and Department of Physiology , Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia
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Raju TNK, Pemberton VL, Saigal S, Blaisdell CJ, Moxey-Mims M, Buist S. Long-Term Healthcare Outcomes of Preterm Birth: An Executive Summary of a Conference Sponsored by the National Institutes of Health. J Pediatr 2017; 181:309-318.e1. [PMID: 27806833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tonse N K Raju
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institutes of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
| | | | - Saroj Saigal
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Marva Moxey-Mims
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD
| | - Sonia Buist
- Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR
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Kupczyk M, Dahlén B, Sterk PJ, Nizankowska-Mogilnicka E, Papi A, Bel EH, Chanez P, Howarth PH, Holgate ST, Brusselle G, Siafakas NM, Gjomarkaj M, Dahlén SE. Stability of phenotypes defined by physiological variables and biomarkers in adults with asthma. Allergy 2014; 69:1198-204. [PMID: 25039610 DOI: 10.1111/all.12445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although asthma is characterized by variable airways obstruction, most studies of asthma phenotypes are cross-sectional. The stability of phenotypes defined either by biomarkers or by physiological variables was assessed by repeated measures over 1 year in the Pan-European BIOAIR cohort of adult asthmatics. METHODS A total of 169 patients, 93 with severe asthma (SA) and 76 with mild-to-moderate asthma (MA), were examined at six or more visits during 1 year. Asthma phenotype clusters were defined by physiological variables (lung function, reversibility and age of onset of the disease) or by biomarkers (eosinophils and neutrophils in induced sputum). RESULTS After 1 year of follow-up, the allocation to clusters was changed in 23.6% of all asthma patients when defined by physiological phenotypes and, remarkably, in 42.3% of the patients when stratified according to sputum cellularity (P = 0.034). In the SA cohort, 30% and 48.6% of the patients changed allocation according to physiological and biomarker clustering, respectively. Variability of phenotypes was not influenced by change in oral or inhaled corticosteroid dose, nor by the number of exacerbations. Lower stability of single and repeated measure was found for all evaluated biomarkers (eosinophils, neutrophils and FeNO) in contrast to good stability of physiological variables (FEV1 ), quality of life and asthma control. CONCLUSION Phenotypes determined by biomarkers are less stable than those defined by physiological variables, especially in severe asthmatics. The data also imply that definition of asthma phenotypes is improved by repeated measures to account for fluctuations in lung function, biomarkers and asthma control.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Kupczyk
- Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Medical University of Lodz; Lodz Poland
| | - B. Dahlén
- Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - P. J. Sterk
- University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | | | - A. Papi
- University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
| | - E. H. Bel
- University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - P. Chanez
- University of Marseille; Marseille France
| | | | | | | | | | - M. Gjomarkaj
- Italian National Research Council; Palermo Italy
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Patil VK, Holloway JW, Zhang H, Soto-Ramirez N, Ewart S, Arshad SH, Karmaus W. Interaction of prenatal maternal smoking, interleukin 13 genetic variants and DNA methylation influencing airflow and airway reactivity. Clin Epigenetics 2013; 5:22. [PMID: 24314122 PMCID: PMC3892084 DOI: 10.1186/1868-7083-5-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is characterized by airflow limitation and airway reactivity (AR). Interleukin-13 (IL-13) is involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. Two functional SNPs, rs20541 and rs1800925, of the IL-13 gene (IL13) have been frequently associated with asthma-related lung functions. However, genetic variation alone does not fully explain asthma risk. DNA-methylation (DNA-M) is an epigenetic mechanism that regulates gene expression and can be influenced by both environment and genetic variants. To explore the interplay of prenatal maternal smoking, genetic variants and DNA-M, we used a two-stage model: (1) identifying cytosine phosphate guanine (CpG) sites where DNA-M is influenced by the interaction between genetic variants and maternal smoking during pregnancy (conditional methQTL (methylation quantitative trait loci)); and (2) determining the effect of the interaction between DNA-M of CpG (from stage 1) and SNPs (modifying genetic variants; modGV) on airflow limitation and AR in 245 female participants of the Isle of Wight birth cohort. DNA-M was assessed using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. FINDINGS Six CpG sites were analyzed in stage 1. DNA-M at cg13566430 was influenced by interaction of maternal smoking during pregnancy and rs20541. In stage 2, genotype at rs1800925 interacted with DNA-M at cg13566430 significantly affecting airflow limitation (P = 0.042) and AR (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION Both genetic variants and environment affect DNA-M. This study supports the proposed two-stage model (methQTL and modGV) to study genetic variants, environment and DNA-M interactions in asthma-related lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veeresh K Patil
- David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, St Mary’s Hospital, Newport, Isle of Wight PO30 5TG, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - John W Holloway
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Nelis Soto-Ramirez
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Susan Ewart
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - S Hasan Arshad
- David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, St Mary’s Hospital, Newport, Isle of Wight PO30 5TG, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Wilfried Karmaus
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
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Kundra P, Varadharajan R, Yuvaraj K, Vinayagam S. Comparison of paravertebral and interpleural block in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 2013; 29:459-64. [PMID: 24249981 PMCID: PMC3819838 DOI: 10.4103/0970-9185.119133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Paravertebral and inter pleural blocks (IPB) reduce post-operative pain and decrease the effect of post-operative pain on lung functions after breast surgery. This study was designed to determine their effect on lung functions and post-operative pain in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status 1 and 2 patients scheduled to undergo breast surgery were randomly allocated to receive IPB (Group IPB, n = 60) or paravertebral block (PVB) (Group PVB, n = 60) with 20 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine pre-operatively. A standard protocol was used to provide general anesthesia. Lung function tests, visual analog scale (VAS) for pain at rest and movement, analgesic consumption were recorded everyday post-operatively until discharge. Results: Lung functions decreased on 1st post-operative day and returned to baseline value by 4th post-operative day in both groups. VAS was similar in both groups. There was no significant difference in the consumption of opioids and diclofenac in both groups. Complete block was achieved in 48 patients (80%) in paravertebral group and 42 patients (70%) in inter pleural group. Conclusion: To conclude, lung functions are well-preserved in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy under general anesthesia supplemented with paravertebral or IPB. IPB is as effective as PVB for post-operative pain relief. PVB has the added advantage of achieving a more complete block.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kundra
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
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Changchun H, Haijin Z, Wenjun L, Zhenyu L, Dan Z, Laiyu L, Wancheng T, Shao-xi C, Fei Z. Increased heat shock protein 70 levels in induced sputum and plasma correlate with severity of asthma patients. Cell Stress Chaperones 2011; 16:663-71. [PMID: 21643870 PMCID: PMC3220390 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-011-0271-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Revised: 05/15/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Damage-associated molecular pattern molecules such as high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma. The aim of our study was to examine the induced sputum and plasma concentrations of HSP70 in asthmatic patients to determine their relationship with airway obstruction. Thirty-four healthy controls and 56 patients with persistent bronchial asthma matched for gender and age were enrolled in this study. Spirometry measurements were performed before sputum induction. HSP70 levels in induced sputum and plasma were measured using the ELISA Kit. Sputum and plasma concentrations of HSP70 in asthmatics patients were significantly higher than that in control subjects (sputum, (0.88 ng/ml (0.27-1.88 ng/ml) versus 0.42 ng/ml (0.18-0.85 ng/ml), p < 0.001); plasma, (0.46 ng/ml (0.20-0.98 ng/ml) versus 0.14 ng/ml (0.11-0.37 ng/ml), p < 0.001) and were significantly negatively correlated with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1 (percent predicted), and FEV1/FVC in all 90 participants and 56 patients with asthma. There were no significant differences in HSP70 levels between patients with eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic asthma. HSP70 levels in plasma were positively correlated with neutrophil count, and HSP70 levels in induced sputum were positively correlated with lymphocyte count. In multivariate analysis, independent predictors of sputum HSP70 were diseases and disease severity but not smoking, age, or gender, and independent predictors of plasma HSP70 were also diseases and disease severity. In conclusion, this study indicates that induced sputum and plasma HSP70 could serve as a useful marker for assessing the degree of airway obstruction in patients with asthma. However, further investigation is needed to establish the role of circulating and sputum HSP70 in the pathogenesis of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hou Changchun
- Department of Respiration, Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
- Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 China
| | - Zhao Haijin
- Department of Respiration, Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Li Wenjun
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Liang Zhenyu
- Department of Respiration, Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Zhang Dan
- Department of Respiration, Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Liu Laiyu
- Department of Respiration, Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Tong Wancheng
- Department of Respiration, Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Cai Shao-xi
- Department of Respiration, Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Zou Fei
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
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Abstract
SUMMARY BACKGROUND This is the first study in Ghana in the Obuasi gold mines where the silica content of the respirable dust is 10%, less than in previously studied gold mines, with only 23% of the miners having ever smoked. OBJECTIVES The study was to assess the prevalence of respiratory impairment in the Ghanaian gold miner and to quantify the effects of the respirable dust on pulmonary function DESIGN A cross sectional epidemiological study METHOD The study was carried out using MRC respiratory symptoms questionnaire, spirometry, and personal respirable dust measurements. RESULTS A total of 1236 miners were studied. The mean age was 39.7 +/-5.8 (SD) years with a mean of 12.6 +/- 6.7 (SD) years underground service and a mean total cumulative exposure to dust of 10.34 +/-5.61 (SD) mg.m(-3).years. The prevalence of chronic bronchitis was 21.2% and not clearly related to cumulative exposure. MRC breathlessness grade>/=2 was 31.3%, significantly related to cumulative respirable dust exposure after adjustment of age and smoking. There was however significant reduction in FEF(25-75%) with increasing dust exposure and an interaction with ever smoking. There was no correlation between cumulative exposure to respirable dust and FEV(1) % predicted in any group, suggesting that exposure to respirable silica at a mean level of 0.06 mg/m(3) had no deleterious effect on FEV(1) in a population with little tuberculosis, good housing and a low level of cigarette smoking. CONCLUSION The prevalence of chronic bronchitis in the Ghanaian gold mine is related more to smoking than any occupational factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fy Bio
- University Health Services, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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