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Cho MJ, Choi HI, Kim HJ, Bunsawat K, Kunutsor SK, Jae SY. Comparison of the acute effects of ankle bathing versus moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on vascular function in young adults. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2022; 47:469-481. [PMID: 35380875 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2021-0272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We examined the efficacy of ankle bathing versus aerobic exercise to improve vascular function in young adults who were randomized to aerobic exercise (AE) (n = 13, 40%-60% of heart rate reserve), ankle bathing (AB) (n = 15, 43 °C), or a control condition (CON) (n = 14, ankle bathing, 36 °C) for 40 min. Conduit vessel function [brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD)], carotid and femoral artery blood flow and shear rate (SR), and arterial stiffness [carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV), augmentation index (AIx@75), β-stiffness index, and arterial compliance] were evaluated. Compared with CON, AE and AB increased FMD at 30 min and 90 min (interaction: p < 0.05); AB decreased carotid artery blood flow and SR at 30 min, while both AE and AB increased femoral artery blood flow and SR at 30 min and 90 min (interaction: p < 0.05); AE and AB decreased cf-PWV and AIx@75 at 30 min and 90 min (interaction: p < 0.05); and AE improved both carotid and femoral β-stiffness index and arterial compliance, while AB reduced β-stiffness index and increased arterial compliance only in the femoral artery (interaction: p < 0.05). These findings suggest that ankle bathing may serve as an alternative strategy for enhancing vascular function. Novelty: We observed similar improvements in conduit vessel function, femoral artery blood flow and shear rate, and arterial stiffness following ankle bathing and acute aerobic exercise in young adults. These findings have identified ankle bathing as a potential therapeutic strategy for enhancing vascular function, which may be particularly relevant for those with limited ability to engage in regular aerobic exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Cho
- Department of Sport Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Il Choi
- Department of Sport Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Kim
- Department of Sport Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kanokwan Bunsawat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Setor K Kunutsor
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Sae Young Jae
- Department of Sport Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Urban Social Health, Graduate School of Urban Public Health, University of Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Inoue K, Fujie S, Hasegawa N, Horii N, Uchida M, Iemitsu K, Sanada K, Hamaoka T, Iemitsu M. Aerobic exercise training-induced irisin secretion is associated with the reduction of arterial stiffness via nitric oxide production in adults with obesity. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2020; 45:715-722. [PMID: 31860334 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to clarify whether muscle-derived irisin secretion induced by aerobic exercise training is involved in reduction of arterial stiffness via arterial nitric oxide (NO) productivity in obesity. In animal study, 16 Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats with obesity were randomly divided into 2 groups: sedentary control (OLETF-CON) and 8-week aerobic treadmill training (OLETF-EX) groups. In human study, 15 subjects with obesity completed 8-week aerobic exercise training for 45 min at 60%-70% peak oxygen uptake intensity for 3 days/week. As a result of animal study, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) was decreased, and arterial phosphorylation levels of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), protein kinase B (Akt), and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), circulating levels of nitrite/nitrate (NOx) and irisin, and muscle messenger RNA expression of fibronectin type III domain containing 5 (Fndc5) were increased in the OLETF-EX group compared with OLETF-CON group. In a human study, regular aerobic exercise reduced cfPWV and elevated circulating levels of NOx and irisin. Furthermore, change in circulating irisin levels by regular exercise was positively correlated with circulating NOx levels and was negatively correlated with cfPWV. Thus, aerobic exercise training-induced increase in irisin secretion may be related to reduction of arterial stiffness achieved by NO production via activated arterial AMPK-Akt-eNOS signaling pathway in obesity. Novelty Aerobic exercise training promoted irisin secretion with upregulation of muscle Fndc5 gene expression in rats with obesity. Irisin affected the activation of arterial AMPK-Akt-eNOS signaling by aerobic exercise training. Increased serum irisin level by aerobic exercise training was associated with reduction of arterial stiffness in obese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Inoue
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsuki Hasegawa
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Naoki Horii
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masataka Uchida
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Keiko Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Sanada
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hamaoka
- Department of Sports Medicine for Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
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Lapo P, Inmutto N, Tanaka H, Suksom D. Cardiorespiratory burden of brass neck coils placed on Kayan Karen long-neck women of Thailand. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 44:894-901. [PMID: 31313969 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
There is only scarce information regarding the physiological and health impact of lifelong wearing of the neck brass coils in Karen Kayan women. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of wearing brass neck coils on cardiorespiratory and cerebrovascular functions in long-neck Karen women. A total of 28 Karen women (aged 23-66 years) were studied. Fourteen Karen women who had been wearing neck brass coils were compared with 14 Karen women with no neck coils. We also studied 14 age-matched city-living controls. Radiographic examination of 2 older Karen women wearing neck coils showed low levels of the clavicles. There were no group differences in resting heart rate and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure was greater and functional capacity was lower in both Karen women than city-living controls (all p < 0.05). Karen women wearing neck coils demonstrated lower flow-mediated dilation, lung functions, including forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume during the first second, and cerebral blood flow velocity than Karen women without neck coils (all p < 0.05). Karen women wearing neck coils demonstrate reduced endothelial and pulmonary functions as well as cerebral perfusion compared with age-matched Karen women without neck coils living in the same villages. Brass neck coils worn by Karen women may elevate risks of developing cardiopulmonary and cerebrovascular diseases. Novelty Cerebral blood flow velocity and macrovascular and microvascular functions were lower in Karen wearing neck coils. There appears to be substantial burden of brass neck coils exerted on physiological systems in Karen women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattawan Lapo
- a Faculty of Sports Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nakarin Inmutto
- b Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Hirofumi Tanaka
- c Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Daroonwan Suksom
- a Faculty of Sports Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.,d Exercise Physiology in Special Population Research Group, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Tonhajzerova I, Mestanikova A, Jurko A, Grendar M, Langer P, Ondrejka I, Jurko T, Hrtanek I, Cesnekova D, Mestanik M. Arterial stiffness and haemodynamic regulation in adolescent anorexia nervosa versus obesity. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 45:81-90. [PMID: 31163115 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications contribute to higher morbidity and mortality in patients with anorexia nervosa. We aimed to study biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in anorexic, normal-weight, and obese adolescents with focus on complex cardiovascular autonomic regulation and early arteriosclerotic damage. We examined 20 adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa, 20 obese girls, and 20 healthy normal-weight controls. Collected data: body composition analysis, 5 min recordings of R-R intervals and beat-to-beat blood pressure (BP), and arterial stiffness evaluated using cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). Evaluated parameters: beat-to-beat heart rate and BP variability, haemodynamic parameters (total peripheral resistance (TPR) cardiac output), CAVI, and anthropometric indices, including novel body roundness index (BRI). Adolescents with anorexia nervosa had increased CAVI associated with lower arterial constriction indexed by low-frequency band of BP variability compared with normal-weight peers (p = 0.03, p = 0.04, respectively) and obese adolescents (p < 0.01, p = 0.01, respectively). After normalization of CAVI and TPR by BRI, the relationship between CAVI and TPR was significant for all groups with the highest slope in the anorexia nervosa group (R2 = 0.724, p < 0.01). This is the first study revealing early arteriosclerotic damage in anorexic girls with increased CAVI. Complex analysis of cardiovascular autonomic regulation, and early arteriosclerotic, hemodynamic, and anthropometric changes in spectrum anorexia nervosa, normal weight, and obesity could help to understand the mechanisms of increased cardiovascular risk in malnutrition. Novelty Girls with anorexia nervosa showed signs of early arteriosclerotic damage indexed by CAVI. Insufficient sympathetic cardiovascular control was found already in adolescents with anorexia nervosa. The effect of body composition on CAVI was best predicted by novel body roundness index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Tonhajzerova
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovak Republic.,Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4D, 036 01 Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Andrea Mestanikova
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovak Republic.,Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4D, 036 01 Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Alexander Jurko
- Pediatric Cardiology, Kollarova 13, 036 01 Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Marian Grendar
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4D, 036 01 Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Langer
- Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic; Institute of Scientific Instruments of the ASCR, v.v.i., Kralovopolska 147, 612 64 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Ondrejka
- Psychiatric Clinic, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital Martin, Kollarova 2, 036 59 Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Tomas Jurko
- Department of Neonatology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital Martin, Kollarova 2, 036 59 Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Igor Hrtanek
- Psychiatric Clinic, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital Martin, Kollarova 2, 036 59 Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Dana Cesnekova
- Psychiatric Clinic, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital Martin, Kollarova 2, 036 59 Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Michal Mestanik
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovak Republic.,Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4D, 036 01 Martin, Slovak Republic
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Viana AA, Fernandes B, Alvarez C, Guimarães GV, Ciolac EG. Prescribing high-intensity interval exercise by RPE in individuals with type 2 diabetes: metabolic and hemodynamic responses. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2018; 44:348-356. [PMID: 30230920 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that rating of perceived exertion (RPE) is a tool as efficient as the heart rate (HR) response to the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) for prescribing and self-regulating high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE), and that metabolic and hemodynamic response to HIIE is superior than to continuous moderate-intensity exercise (MICE) in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Eleven participants (age = 52.3 ± 3 years) underwent HIIE prescribed and self-regulated by RPE (HIIERPE; 25 min), HIIE prescribed and regulated by an individual's HR response to CPX (HIIEHR; 25 min), MICE prescribed and self-regulated by RPE (30 min) and control (30 min of seated resting) intervention in random order. HR, blood pressure (BP), capillary glucose, endothelial reactivity, and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity were assessed before, immediately after, and 45 min after each intervention. Exercise HR, speed, and distance were measured during exercise sessions. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory BP was measured after each intervention. Exercise HR, speed, and distance were similar between HIIERPE and HIIEHR. BP response was not different among HIIERPE, HIIEHR, and MICE. Capillary glycaemia reduction was greater (P < 0.05) after HIIERPE (48.6 ± 9.6 mg/dL) and HIIEHR (47.2 ± 9.5 mg/dL) than MICE (29.5 ± 11.5 mg/dL). Reduction (P < 0.05) in 24-h (6.7 ± 2.2 mm Hg) and tendency toward reduction (P = 0.06) in daytime systolic (7.0 ± 2.5 mm Hg) ambulatory BP were found only after HIIERPE. These results suggest that HIIE is superior to MICE for reducing glycaemia and ambulatory BP, and that the 6-20 RPE scale is a useful tool for prescribing and self-regulating HIIE in individuals with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Aparecida Viana
- a São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Sciences, Physical Education Department, Exercise and Chronic Disease Research Laboratory, Bauru 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Bianca Fernandes
- a São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Sciences, Physical Education Department, Exercise and Chronic Disease Research Laboratory, Bauru 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Cristian Alvarez
- b Family Healthcare Center Tomás Rojas, Los Lagos, Chile; Universidad de Los Lagos, Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Osorno 5290000, Chile
| | | | - Emmanuel Gomes Ciolac
- a São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Sciences, Physical Education Department, Exercise and Chronic Disease Research Laboratory, Bauru 17033-360, Brazil
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Rannelli LA, MacRae JM, Mann MC, Ramesh S, Hemmelgarn BR, Rabi D, Sola DY, Ahmed SB. Sex differences in associations between insulin resistance, heart rate variability, and arterial stiffness in healthy women and men: a physiology study. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 95:349-355. [PMID: 28099042 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes confers greater cardiovascular risk to women than to men. Whether insulin-resistance-mediated risk extends to the healthy population is unknown. Measures of insulin resistance (fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment, hemoglobin A1c, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, glucose) were determined in 48 (56% female) healthy subjects. Heart rate variability (HRV) was calculated by spectral power analysis and arterial stiffness was determined using noninvasive applanation tonometry. Both were measured at baseline and in response to angiotensin II infusion. In women, there was a non-statistically significant trend towards increasing insulin resistance being associated with an overall unfavourable HRV response and increased arterial stiffness to the stressor, while men demonstrated the opposite response. Significant differences in the associations between insulin resistance and cardiovascular physiological profile exist between healthy women and men. Further studies investigating the sex differences in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance in cardiovascular disease are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Anthony Rannelli
- a Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jennifer M MacRae
- a Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.,b Alberta Kidney Disease Network, 1403-29th St. NW, C210, Calgary, AB T2N 2T9, Canada.,c Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, 1403-29th St. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 2T9, Canada
| | - Michelle C Mann
- a Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.,c Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, 1403-29th St. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 2T9, Canada
| | - Sharanya Ramesh
- a Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.,c Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, 1403-29th St. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 2T9, Canada
| | - Brenda R Hemmelgarn
- a Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.,b Alberta Kidney Disease Network, 1403-29th St. NW, C210, Calgary, AB T2N 2T9, Canada.,c Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, 1403-29th St. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 2T9, Canada.,d Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Doreen Rabi
- a Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.,c Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, 1403-29th St. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 2T9, Canada.,d Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Darlene Y Sola
- b Alberta Kidney Disease Network, 1403-29th St. NW, C210, Calgary, AB T2N 2T9, Canada.,c Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, 1403-29th St. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 2T9, Canada
| | - Sofia B Ahmed
- a Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.,b Alberta Kidney Disease Network, 1403-29th St. NW, C210, Calgary, AB T2N 2T9, Canada.,c Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, 1403-29th St. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 2T9, Canada
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Ra SG, Choi Y, Akazawa N, Ohmori H, Maeda S. Taurine supplementation attenuates delayed increase in exercise-induced arterial stiffness. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2016; 41:618-23. [PMID: 27163699 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2015-0560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
There is a delayed increase in arterial stiffness after eccentric exercise that is possibly mediated by the concurrent delayed increase in circulating oxidative stress. Taurine has anti-oxidant action, and taurine supplementation may be able to attenuate the increase in oxidative stress after exercise. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether taurine supplementation attenuates the delayed increase in arterial stiffness after eccentric exercise. In the present double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled trial, we divided 29 young, healthy men into 2 groups. Subjects received either 2.0 g of placebo (n = 14) or taurine (n = 15) 3 times per day for 14 days prior to the exercise, on the day of exercise, and the following 3 days. The exercise consisted of 2 sets of 20 maximal-effort eccentric repetitions with the nondominant arm only. On the morning of exercise and for 4 days thereafter, we measured serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) as indices of oxidative stress and arterial stiffness, respectively. On the third and fourth days after exercise, both MDA and cfPWV significantly increased in the placebo group. However, these elevations were significantly attenuated in the taurine group. The increase in MDA was associated with an increase in cfPWV from before exercise to 4 days after exercise (r = 0.597, p < 0.05) in the placebo group, but not in the taurine group. Our results suggest that delayed increase in arterial stiffness after eccentric exercise was probably affected by the exercise-induced oxidative stress and was attenuated by the taurine supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Gyu Ra
- a Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan.,b Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Youngju Choi
- a Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Akazawa
- a Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan
| | - Hajime Ohmori
- a Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan
| | - Seiji Maeda
- a Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan
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Carter SJ, Goldsby TU, Fisher G, Plaisance EP, Gower BA, Glasser SP, Hunter GR. Systolic blood pressure response after high-intensity interval exercise is independently related to decreased small arterial elasticity in normotensive African American women. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2016; 41:484-90. [PMID: 26953821 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2015-0512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aerobic exercise transiently lowers blood pressure. However, limited research has concurrently evaluated blood pressure and small arterial elasticity (SAE), an index of endothelial function, among African American (AA) and European American (EA) women the morning after (i.e., ≈22 h later) acute bouts of moderate-intensity continuous (MIC) and high-intensity interval (HII) exercise matched for total work. Because of greater gradients of shear stress, it was hypothesized that HII exercise would elicit a greater reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) compared to MIC exercise. After baseline, 22 AA and EA women initiated aerobic exercise training 3 times/week. Beginning at week 8, three follow-up assessments were conducted over the next 8 weeks at random to measure resting blood pressure and SAE. In total all participants completed 16 weeks of training. Follow-up evaluations were made: (i) in the trained state (TS; 8-16 weeks of aerobic training); (ii) ≈22 h after an acute bout of MIC exercise; and (iii) ≈22 h after an acute bout of HII exercise. Among AAs, the acute bout of HII exercise incited a significant increase in SBP (mm Hg) (TS, 121 ± 14 versus HII, 128 ± 14; p = 0.01) whereas responses (TS, 116 ± 12 versus HII, 113 ± 9; p = 0.34) did not differ in EAs. After adjusting for race, changes in SAE were associated (partial r = -0.533; p = 0.01) with changes in SBP following HII exercise. These data demonstrate an acute, unaccustomed bout of HII exercise produces physiological perturbations resulting in a significant increase in SBP that are independently associated with decreased SAE among AA women, but not EA women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Carter
- a Department of Human Studies, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.,c Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - TaShauna U Goldsby
- c Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.,d Office of Energetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Gordon Fisher
- a Department of Human Studies, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.,b Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Eric P Plaisance
- a Department of Human Studies, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Barbara A Gower
- b Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Stephen P Glasser
- e Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Gary R Hunter
- a Department of Human Studies, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.,b Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
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