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Somu P, Mohanty S, Basavegowda N, Yadav AK, Paul S, Baek KH. The Interplay between Heat Shock Proteins and Cancer Pathogenesis: A Novel Strategy for Cancer Therapeutics. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:638. [PMID: 38339390 PMCID: PMC10854888 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are developmentally conserved families of protein found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. HSPs are engaged in a diverse range of physiological processes, including molecular chaperone activity to assist the initial protein folding or promote the unfolding and refolding of misfolded intermediates to acquire the normal or native conformation and its translocation and prevent protein aggregation as well as in immunity, apoptosis, and autophagy. These molecular chaperonins are classified into various families according to their molecular size or weight, encompassing small HSPs (e.g., HSP10 and HSP27), HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, HSP90, and the category of large HSPs that include HSP100 and ClpB proteins. The overexpression of HSPs is induced to counteract cell stress at elevated levels in a variety of solid tumors, including anticancer chemotherapy, and is closely related to a worse prognosis and therapeutic resistance to cancer cells. HSPs are also involved in anti-apoptotic properties and are associated with processes of cancer progression and development, such as metastasis, invasion, and cell proliferation. This review outlines the previously mentioned HSPs and their significant involvement in diverse mechanisms of tumor advancement and metastasis, as well as their contribution to identifying potential targets for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prathap Somu
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, School of Civil & Chemical Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Dehmi Kalan, Jaipur 303007, India;
| | - Sonali Mohanty
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, India;
| | - Nagaraj Basavegowda
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38451, Republic of Korea;
| | - Akhilesh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 413310, Taiwan;
- Department of Bioengineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, India
| | - Subhankar Paul
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, India;
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38451, Republic of Korea;
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Wang M, Li Z. Prediction of prognosis and immune landscape in cervical cancer based on heat shock protein-related genes. Int J Hyperthermia 2023; 40:2259140. [PMID: 37750398 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2023.2259140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play key roles in the malignant transformation and progression of many tumors. However, the effectiveness of using HSP-related genes to predict the prognosis of patients with cervical cancer (CC) remains elusive. We aimed to delineate the prognosis and biological significance of HSP-related genes in CC. Methods: We collected the transcriptional and clinical data of CC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and searched for HSP-related genes in the literature. LASSO and univariate/multivariate Cox regression analyses were utilized to screen genes; 12 genes were found to be related to CC survival, and a prediction model was built. The effectiveness of the model was confirmed using TCGA and GEO, and it was found to be an independent predictor of CC. The nomogram is plotted. The prognostic model was further visualized using calibration curves, which showed good agreement with the predicted outcomes at 1-, 3, and 5 years. Results: We found that low-risk patients had higher immune cell infiltration and stronger immune function, and according to the immunophenoscore and TIDE scores, the low-risk group tended to respond more to immunotherapy. Additionally, we used the GDSC database to predict drug sensitivity in patients with different prognostic risks. Conclusion: In summary, we built a good model to help predict the prognosis of CC patients and provide a reference for personalized treatment and medication for different patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bishan Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhizun Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bishan Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Sha G, Jiang Z, Zhang W, Jiang C, Wang D, Tang D. The multifunction of HSP70 in cancer: Guardian or traitor to the survival of tumor cells and the next potential therapeutic target. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110492. [PMID: 37390645 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is a highly conserved protein composed of nucleotide-binding domains (NBD) and C-terminal substrate binding domain (SBD) that can function as a "molecular chaperone". HSP70 was discovered to directly or indirectly play a regulatory role in both internal and external apoptosis pathways. Studies have shown that HSP70 can not only promote tumor progression, enhance tumor cell resistance and inhibit anticancer effects but also induce an anticancer response by activating immune cells. In addition, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy for cancer may be affected by HSP70, which has shown promising potential as an anticancer drug. In this review, we summarized the molecular structure and mechanism of HSP70 and discussed the dual effects of HSP70 on tumor cells and the possibility and potential methods of using HSP70 as a target to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengyu Sha
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225000, China.
| | - Zhengting Jiang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225000, China.
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225000, China.
| | - Chuwen Jiang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225000, China.
| | - Daorong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225000, China.
| | - Dong Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225000, China.
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Forcing the Antitumor Effects of HSPs Using a Modulated Electric Field. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111838. [PMID: 35681533 PMCID: PMC9180583 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) is a “double-edged sword” with regards to tumors. The location and interactions of HSPs determine their pro- or antitumor activity. The present review includes an overview of the relevant functions of HSPs, which could improve their antitumor activity. Promoting the antitumor processes could assist in the local and systemic management of cancer. We explore the possibility of achieving this by manipulating the electromagnetic interactions within the tumor microenvironment. An appropriate electric field may select and affect the cancer cells using the electric heterogeneity of the tumor tissue. This review describes the method proposed to effect such changes: amplitude-modulated radiofrequency (amRF) applied with a 13.56 MHz carrier frequency. We summarize the preclinical investigations of the amRF on the HSPs in malignant cells. The preclinical studies show the promotion of the expression of HSP70 on the plasma membrane, participating in the immunogenic cell death (ICD) pathway. The sequence of guided molecular changes triggers innate and adaptive immune reactions. The amRF promotes the secretion of HSP70 also in the extracellular matrix. The extracellular HSP70 accompanied by free HMGB1 and membrane-expressed calreticulin (CRT) form damage-associated molecular patterns encouraging the dendritic cells’ maturing for antigen presentation. The process promotes killer T-cells. Clinical results demonstrate the potential of this immune process to trigger a systemic effect. We conclude that the properly applied amRF promotes antitumor HSP activity, and in situ, it could support the tumor-specific immune effects produced locally but acting systemically for disseminated cells and metastatic lesions.
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Cohn W, Zhu C, Campagna J, Bilousova T, Spilman P, Teter B, Li F, Guo R, Elashoff D, Cole GM, Avidan A, Faull KF, Whitelegge J, Wong DTW, John V. Integrated Multiomics Analysis of Salivary Exosomes to Identify Biomarkers Associated with Changes in Mood States and Fatigue. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5257. [PMID: 35563647 PMCID: PMC9105576 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatigue and other deleterious mood alterations resulting from prolonged efforts such as a long work shift can lead to a decrease in vigilance and cognitive performance, increasing the likelihood of errors during the execution of attention-demanding activities such as piloting an aircraft or performing medical procedures. Thus, a method to rapidly and objectively assess the risk for such cognitive fatigue would be of value. The objective of the study was the identification in saliva-borne exosomes of molecular signals associated with changes in mood and fatigue that may increase the risk of reduced cognitive performance. Using integrated multiomics analysis of exosomes from the saliva of medical residents before and after a 12 h work shift, we observed changes in the abundances of several proteins and miRNAs that were associated with various mood states, and specifically fatigue, as determined by a Profile of Mood States questionnaire. The findings herein point to a promising protein biomarker, phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1), that was associated with fatigue and displayed changes in abundance in saliva, and we suggest a possible biological mechanism whereby the expression of the PGK1 gene is regulated by miR3185 in response to fatigue. Overall, these data suggest that multiomics analysis of salivary exosomes has merit for identifying novel biomarkers associated with changes in mood states and fatigue. The promising biomarker protein presents an opportunity for the development of a rapid saliva-based test for the assessment of these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitaker Cohn
- The Drug Discovery Lab, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, 710 Westwood Plaza, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (W.C.); (C.Z.); (J.C.); (T.B.); (P.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Chunni Zhu
- The Drug Discovery Lab, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, 710 Westwood Plaza, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (W.C.); (C.Z.); (J.C.); (T.B.); (P.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Jesus Campagna
- The Drug Discovery Lab, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, 710 Westwood Plaza, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (W.C.); (C.Z.); (J.C.); (T.B.); (P.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Tina Bilousova
- The Drug Discovery Lab, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, 710 Westwood Plaza, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (W.C.); (C.Z.); (J.C.); (T.B.); (P.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Patricia Spilman
- The Drug Discovery Lab, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, 710 Westwood Plaza, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (W.C.); (C.Z.); (J.C.); (T.B.); (P.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Bruce Teter
- The Drug Discovery Lab, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, 710 Westwood Plaza, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (W.C.); (C.Z.); (J.C.); (T.B.); (P.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Feng Li
- Center for Oral/Head & Neck Oncology Research, Laboratory of Salivary Diagnostics, School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (F.L.); (D.T.W.W.)
| | - Rong Guo
- Department of Medicine Statistics Core, David Geffen School of Medicine, 1100 Glendon Avenue, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (R.G.); (D.E.)
| | - David Elashoff
- Department of Medicine Statistics Core, David Geffen School of Medicine, 1100 Glendon Avenue, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (R.G.); (D.E.)
| | - Greg M. Cole
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, 710 Westwood Plaza, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (G.M.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Alon Avidan
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, 710 Westwood Plaza, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (G.M.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Kym Francis Faull
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, 760 Westwood Plaza, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (K.F.F.); (J.W.)
| | - Julian Whitelegge
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, 760 Westwood Plaza, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (K.F.F.); (J.W.)
| | - David T. W. Wong
- Center for Oral/Head & Neck Oncology Research, Laboratory of Salivary Diagnostics, School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (F.L.); (D.T.W.W.)
| | - Varghese John
- The Drug Discovery Lab, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, 710 Westwood Plaza, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (W.C.); (C.Z.); (J.C.); (T.B.); (P.S.); (B.T.)
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De Maio A, Hightower L. The interaction of heat shock proteins with cellular membranes: a historical perspective. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:769-783. [PMID: 34478113 PMCID: PMC8413713 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-021-01228-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction of heat shock proteins (HSP) with cellular membranes has been an enigmatic process, initially observed by morphological studies, inferred during the purification of HSP70s, and confirmed after the detection of these proteins on the surface of cancer cells and their insertion into artificial lipid bilayers. Today, the association of several HSP with lipid membranes is well established. However, the mechanisms for membrane insertion have been elusive. There is conclusive evidence indicating that HSP70s have a great selectivity for negatively charged phospholipids, whereas other HSP have a broader spectrum of lipid specificity. HSP70 also oligomerizes upon membrane insertion, forming ion conductance channels. The functional role of HSP70 lipid interactions appears related to membrane stabilization that may play a role during cell membrane biogenesis. They could also play a role as membrane chaperones as well as during endocytosis, microautophagy, and signal transduction. Moreover, HSP membrane association is a key component in the extracellular export of these proteins. The presence of HSP70 on the surface of cancer cells and its interaction with lysosome membranes have been envisioned as potential therapeutic targets. Thus, the biology and function of HSP membrane association are reaching a new level of excitement. This review is an attempt to preserve the recollection of the pioneering contributions of many investigators that have participated in this endeavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio De Maio
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Burns, and Acute Care Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- Center for Investigations of Health and Education Disparities, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Lawrence Hightower
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
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Li H, Sui X, Wang Z, Fu H, Wang Z, Yuan M, Liu S, Wang G, Guo Q. A new antisarcoma strategy: multisubtype heat shock protein/peptide immunotherapy combined with PD-L1 immunological checkpoint inhibitors. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 23:1688-1704. [PMID: 33792840 PMCID: PMC8238772 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02570-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, a common malignant tumor in orthopedics, often has a very poor prognosis after lung metastasis. Immunotherapy has not achieved much progress in the treatment because of the characteristics of solid tumors and immune environment of osteosarcoma. The tumor environment is rather essential for sarcoma treatment. Our previous study demonstrated that heat shock proteins could be used as antitumor vaccines by carrying tumor antigen peptides, and we hypothesize that an anti-osteosarcoma effect may be increased with an immune check point inhibitor (PD-L1 inhibitor) as a combination treatment strategy. The present study prepared a multisubtype mixed heat shock protein osteosarcoma vaccine (mHSP/peptide vaccine) and concluded that the mHSP/peptide vaccine was more effective than a single subtype heat shock protein, like Grp94. Therefore, we used the mHSP/peptide vaccine in combination with a PD-L1 inhibitor to treat osteosarcoma, and the deterioration of osteosarcoma was effectively hampered. The mechanism of combined therapy was investigated, and AKT expression participates with sarcoma lung metastasis. This study proposed an antisarcoma strategy via stimulation of the immune system as a further alternative approach for sarcoma treatment and elucidated the mechanism of combined therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Li
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853 China
- Changzhi Second People’s Hospital, Changzhi, 046000 Shanxi China
| | - X. Sui
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Z. Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - H. Fu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
| | - Z. Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - M. Yuan
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - S. Liu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - G. Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 Shanxi China
| | - Q. Guo
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853 China
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Hsp70 in Liquid Biopsies-A Tumor-Specific Biomarker for Detection and Response Monitoring in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153706. [PMID: 34359606 PMCID: PMC8345117 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to normal cells, tumor cells of multiple entities overexpress the Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) not only in the cytosol, but also present it on their plasma membrane in a tumor-specific manner. Furthermore, membrane Hsp70-positive tumor cells actively release Hsp70 in small extracellular vesicles with biophysical characteristics of exosomes. Due to conformational changes of Hsp70 in a lipid environment, most commercially available antibodies fail to detect membrane-bound and vesicular Hsp70. To fill this gap and to assess the role of vesicular Hsp70 in circulation as a potential tumor biomarker, we established the novel complete (comp)Hsp70 sandwich ELISA, using two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), that is able to recognize both free and lipid-associated Hsp70 on the cell surface of viable tumor cells and on small extracellular vesicles. The epitopes of the mAbs cmHsp70.1 (aa 451-461) and cmHsp70.2 (aa 614-623) that are conserved among different species reside in the substrate-binding domain of Hsp70 with measured affinities of 0.42 nM and 0.44 nM, respectively. Validation of the compHsp70 ELISA revealed a high intra- and inter-assay precision, linearity in a concentration range of 1.56 to 25 ng/mL, high recovery rates of spiked liposomal Hsp70 (>84%), comparable values between human serum and plasma samples and no interference by food intake or age of the donors. Hsp70 concentrations in the circulation of patients with glioblastoma, squamous cell or adeno non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) at diagnosis were significantly higher than those of healthy donors. Hsp70 concentrations dropped concomitantly with a decrease in viable tumor mass upon irradiation of patients with approximately 20 Gy (range 18-22.5 Gy) and after completion of radiotherapy (60-70 Gy). In summary, the compHsp70 ELISA presented herein provides a sensitive and reliable tool for measuring free and vesicular Hsp70 in liquid biopsies of tumor patients, levels of which can be used as a tumor-specific biomarker, for risk assessment (i.e., differentiation of grade III vs. IV adeno NSCLC) and monitoring of therapeutic outcomes.
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Dores-Silva PR, Cauvi DM, Coto ALS, Silva NSM, Borges JC, De Maio A. Human heat shock cognate protein (HSC70/HSPA8) interacts with negatively charged phospholipids by a different mechanism than other HSP70s and brings HSP90 into membranes. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:671-684. [PMID: 34003451 PMCID: PMC8129608 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-021-01210-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSP) are critical elements for the preservation of cellular homeostasis by participating in an array of biological processes. In addition, HSP play an important role in cellular protection from various environmental stresses. HSP are part of a large family of different molecular mass polypeptides, displaying various expression patterns, subcellular localizations, and diversity functions. An unexpected observation was the detection of HSP on the cell surface. Subsequent studies have demonstrated that HSP have the ability to interact and penetrate lipid bilayers by a process initiated by the recognition of phospholipid heads, followed by conformational changes, membrane insertion, and oligomerization. In the present study, we described the interaction of HSPA8 (HSC70), the constitutive cytosolic member of the HSP70 family, with lipid membranes. HSPA8 showed high selectivity for negatively charged phospholipids, such as phosphatidylserine and cardiolipin, and low affinity for phosphatidylcholine. Membrane insertion was mediated by a spontaneous process driven by increases in entropy and diminished by the presence of ADP or ATP. Finally, HSPA8 was capable of driving into the lipid bilayer HSP90 that does not display any lipid biding capacity by itself. This observation suggests that HSPA8 may act as a membrane chaperone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo R Dores-Silva
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Burns and Acute Care Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - David M Cauvi
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Burns and Acute Care Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Amanda L S Coto
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Noeli S M Silva
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Júlio C Borges
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio De Maio
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Burns and Acute Care Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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Jee B, Dhar R, Singh S, Karmakar S. Heat Shock Proteins and Their Role in Pregnancy: Redefining the Function of "Old Rum in a New Bottle". Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:648463. [PMID: 33996811 PMCID: PMC8116900 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.648463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy in humans is a multi-step complex physiological process comprising three discrete events, decidualization, implantation and placentation. Its overall success depends on the incremental advantage that each of the preceding stages passes on to the next. The success of these synchronized sequels of events is an outcome of timely coordination between them. The pregnancy events are coordinated and governed primarily by the ovarian steroid hormones, estrogen and progesterone, which are essentially ligand-activated transcription factors. It's well known that intercellular signaling of steroid hormones engages a plethora of adapter proteins that participate in executing the biological functions. This involves binding of the hormone receptor complex to the DNA response elements in a sequence specific manner. Working with Drosophila melanogaster, the heat shock proteins (HSPs) were originally described by Ferruccio Ritossa back in the early 1960s. Over the years, there has been considerable advancement of our understanding of these conserved families of proteins, particularly in pregnancy. Accumulating evidence suggests that endometrial and uterine cells have an abundance of HSP27, HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90, implying their possible involvement during the pregnancy process. HSPs have been found to be associated with decidualization, implantation and placentation, with their dysregulation associated with implantation failure, pregnancy loss and other feto-maternal complications. Furthermore, HSP is also associated with stress response, specifically in modulating the ER stress, a critical determinant for reproductive success. Recent advances suggest a therapeutic role of HSPs proteins in improving the pregnancy outcome. In this review, we summarized our latest understanding of the role of different members of the HSP families during pregnancy and associated complications based on experimental and clinical evidences, thereby redefining and exploring their novel function with new perspective, beyond their prototype role as molecular chaperones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babban Jee
- Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Ruby Dhar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunil Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Subhradip Karmakar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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ANO7: Insights into topology, function, and potential applications as a biomarker and immunotherapy target. Tissue Cell 2021; 72:101546. [PMID: 33940566 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Anoctamin 7 (ANO7) is a member of the transmembrane protein TMEM16 family. It has a conservative topology similar to other members in this family, such as the typical eight-transmembrane domain, but it also has unique features. Although the ion channel role of ANO7 has been well accepted, evolutionary analyses and relevant studies suggest that ANO7 may be a multi-facet protein in function. Studies have shown that ANO7 may also function as a scramblase. ANO7 is highly expressed in prostate cancer as well as normal prostate tissues. A considerable amount of evidence has confirmed that ANO7 is associated with human physiology and pathology, particularly with the development of prostate cancer, which makes ANO7 a good candidate as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. In addition, ANO7 may be a potential target for prostate cancer immunotherapy. Antibody-based or T cell-mediated immunotherapies against prostate cancer by targeting ANO7 have been highly anticipated. ANO7 may also correlate with several other types of cancers or diseases, where further studies are warranted.
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Kaikkonen E, Takala A, Pursiheimo JP, Wahlström G, Schleutker J. The interactome of the prostate-specific protein Anoctamin 7. Cancer Biomark 2021; 28:91-100. [PMID: 32176628 PMCID: PMC7306890 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-190993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated Anoctamin 7 (ANO7) expression is associated with poor survival in prostate cancer patients. OBJECTIVE The aim was to discover proteins that interact with ANO7 to understand its functions and regulatory mechanisms. METHODS The proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) method was utilized. ANO7 fused to biotin ligase was transiently transfected into LNCaP cells, and the biotinylated proteins were collected and analysed by mass spectrometry. Four identified proteins were stained with dual fluorescent immunostaining and visualized using Stimulated emission depletion microscopy (STED). RESULTS After bioinformatic filtering steps, 64 potentially ANO7-interacting proteins were identified and analysed with the GO enrichment analysis tool. One of the most prominently enriched cellular components was cellular vesicle. Co-localization was showed for staphylococcal nuclease and tudor domain containing 1 (SND1), heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1A (HSPA1A), adaptor related protein complex 2 subunit beta 1 (AP2B1) and coatomer protein complex subunit gamma 2 (COPG2). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study in which ANO7 interacting proteins have been identified. Although further studies are needed, the findings reported here expand our understanding of the role and regulation of ANO7 in prostate cancer cells. Furthermore, these results are likely to introduce new targets for the novel cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Kaikkonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Aliisa Takala
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | | | - Johanna Schleutker
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Medical Genetics, Genomics, Laboratory Division, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Jones RJ, Singh RK, Shirazi F, Wan J, Wang H, Wang X, Ha MJ, Baljevic M, Kuiatse I, Davis RE, Orlowski RZ. Intravenous Immunoglobulin G Suppresses Heat Shock Protein (HSP)-70 Expression and Enhances the Activity of HSP90 and Proteasome Inhibitors. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1816. [PMID: 32903557 PMCID: PMC7438474 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravenous immunoglobulin G (IVIgG) is approved for primary immunodeficiency syndromes but may induce anti-cancer effects, and while this has been attributed to its anti-inflammatory properties, IgG against specific tumor targets may play a role. We evaluated IVIgG alone, and with a Heat shock protein (HSP)-90 or proteasome inhibitor, using multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) cells in vitro, and with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib in vivo. IVIgG inhibited the growth of all cell lines tested, induced G1 cell cycle arrest, and suppressed pro-tumor cytokines including Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-10. Genomic and proteomic studies showed that IVIgG reduced tumor cell HSP70-1 levels by suppressing the ability of extracellular HSP70-1 to stimulate endogenous HSP70-1 promoter activity, and reduced extracellular vesicle uptake. Preparations of IVIgG were found to contain high titers of anti-HSP70-1 IgG, and recombinant HSP70-1 reduced the efficacy of IVIgG to suppress HSP70-1 levels. Combining IVIgG with the HSP90 inhibitor AUY922 produced superior cell growth inhibition and correlated with HSP70-1 suppression. Also, IVIgG with bortezomib or carfilzomib was superior to each single agent, and enhanced bortezomib's activity in bortezomib-resistant myeloma cells. Moreover, IVIgG reduced transfer of extracellular vesicles (EVs) to cells, and blocked transfer of bortezomib resistance through EVs. Finally, IVIgG with bortezomib were superior to the single agents in an in vivo myeloma model. These studies support the possibility that anti-HSP70-1 IgG contained in IVIgG can inhibit myeloma and MCL growth by interfering with a novel mechanism involving uptake of exogenous HSP70-1 which then induces its own promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Jones
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ram K Singh
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Fazal Shirazi
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jie Wan
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- The Urology Department, ShengJing Hospital, China Medical University, ShenYang, China
| | - Min Jin Ha
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Muhamed Baljevic
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Isere Kuiatse
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Richard E Davis
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Robert Z Orlowski
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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14
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Fellinger H, Stangl S, Hernandez Schnelzer A, Schwab M, Di Genio T, Pieper M, Werner C, Shevtsov M, Haller B, Multhoff G. Time- and Dose-Dependent Effects of Ionizing Irradiation on the Membrane Expression of Hsp70 on Glioma Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040912. [PMID: 32276468 PMCID: PMC7226755 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The major stress-inducible protein Hsp70 (HSPA1A) is overexpressed in the cytosol of many highly aggressive tumor cells including glioblastoma multiforme and presented on their plasma membrane. Depending on its intracellular or membrane localization, Hsp70 either promotes tumor growth or serves as a target for natural killer (NK) cells. The kinetics of the membrane Hsp70 (mHsp70) density on human glioma cells (U87) was studied after different irradiation doses to define the optimal therapeutic window for Hsp70-targeting NK cells. To maintain the cells in the exponential growth phase during a cultivation period of 7 days, different initial cell counts were seeded. Although cytosolic Hsp70 levels remained unchanged on days 4 and 7 after a sublethal irradiation with 2, 4 and 6 Gy, a dose of 2 Gy resulted in an upregulated mHsp70 density in U87 cells which peaked on day 4 and started to decline on day 7. Higher radiation doses (4 Gy, 6 Gy) resulted in an earlier and more rapid onset of the mHsp70 expression on days 2 and 1, respectively, followed by a decline on day 5. Membrane Hsp70 levels were higher on cells in G2/M than in G1; however, an irradiation-induced cell cycle arrest on days 4 and 7 was not associated with an increase in the mHsp70 density. Extracellular Hsp70 concentrations in the supernatant of irradiated cells were significantly higher than sham (0 Gy) irradiated cells on days 4 and 7, but not on day 1. Functionally, elevated mHsp70 densities were associated with a significantly better lysis by Hsp70-targeting NK cells. In summary, the kinetics of changes in the mHsp70 density upon irradiation on tumor cells is time- and dose-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Fellinger
- Radiation Immuno-Oncology Group, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany; (H.F.); (S.S.); (A.H.S.); (M.S.); (T.D.G.); (M.P.); (C.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Stefan Stangl
- Radiation Immuno-Oncology Group, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany; (H.F.); (S.S.); (A.H.S.); (M.S.); (T.D.G.); (M.P.); (C.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Alicia Hernandez Schnelzer
- Radiation Immuno-Oncology Group, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany; (H.F.); (S.S.); (A.H.S.); (M.S.); (T.D.G.); (M.P.); (C.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Melissa Schwab
- Radiation Immuno-Oncology Group, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany; (H.F.); (S.S.); (A.H.S.); (M.S.); (T.D.G.); (M.P.); (C.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Tommaso Di Genio
- Radiation Immuno-Oncology Group, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany; (H.F.); (S.S.); (A.H.S.); (M.S.); (T.D.G.); (M.P.); (C.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Marija Pieper
- Radiation Immuno-Oncology Group, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany; (H.F.); (S.S.); (A.H.S.); (M.S.); (T.D.G.); (M.P.); (C.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Caroline Werner
- Radiation Immuno-Oncology Group, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany; (H.F.); (S.S.); (A.H.S.); (M.S.); (T.D.G.); (M.P.); (C.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Maxim Shevtsov
- Radiation Immuno-Oncology Group, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany; (H.F.); (S.S.); (A.H.S.); (M.S.); (T.D.G.); (M.P.); (C.W.); (M.S.)
- Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Biotechnology, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Bernhard Haller
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany;
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Radiation Immuno-Oncology Group, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany; (H.F.); (S.S.); (A.H.S.); (M.S.); (T.D.G.); (M.P.); (C.W.); (M.S.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-4140-4514
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15
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Yao L, Qu B, Ma Z, Chen Y, Tan Y, Gao Z, Zhang S. Lectin-like and bacterial-agglutinating activities of heat shock proteins Hsp5 and Hsp90α from amphioxus Branchiostoma japonicum. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 95:688-696. [PMID: 31683002 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that heat shock proteins (Hsps) are broadly associated in immune responses in a variety of animals. However, it remains largely unknown about the direct roles of Hsps during a bacterial infection. In this study, we have cloned and characterized the cDNAs of two Hsp genes in the amphioxus Branchiostoma japonicum, termed Bjhsp5 and Bjhsp90α, the first ones in this evolutionarily important animal. Both Bjhsp5 and Bjhsp90α showed distinct tissue expression patterns, and were inducible by challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA), suggesting they may be involved in anti-infectious responses. We also showed that both BjHsp5 and BjHsp90α displayed lectin-like property with affinity to both the Gram-negative and -positive bacteria as well as their signature molecules LPS and LTA, hinting they may both act as a pattern recognition receptor, capable of identifying pathogens. In addition, we found that BjHsp5 and BjHsp90α were both able to agglutinate the Gram-negative and -positive bacteria in the presence of Ca2+, suggesting they may be able to trap the invading pathogens together in vivo, avoiding them moving around and thereby protecting the host from pathogenic attack. These data provide a new angle to the roles of Hsps in immune defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yao
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Baozhen Qu
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zengyu Ma
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yunxia Tan
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zhan Gao
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Shicui Zhang
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266003, China.
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16
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Scieglinska D, Krawczyk Z, Sojka DR, Gogler-Pigłowska A. Heat shock proteins in the physiology and pathophysiology of epidermal keratinocytes. Cell Stress Chaperones 2019; 24:1027-1044. [PMID: 31734893 PMCID: PMC6882751 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-019-01044-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs), a large group of highly evolutionary conserved proteins, are considered to be main elements of the cellular proteoprotection system. HSPs are encoded by genes activated during the exposure of cells to proteotoxic factors, as well as by genes that are expressed constitutively under physiological conditions. HSPs, having properties of molecular chaperones, are involved in controlling/modulation of multiple cellular and physiological processes. In the presented review, we summarize the current knowledge on HSPs in the biology of epidermis, the outer skin layer composed of stratified squamous epithelium. This tissue has a vital barrier function preventing from dehydratation due to passive diffusion of water out of the skin, and protecting from infection and other environmental insults. We focused on HSPB1 (HSP27), HSPA1 (HSP70), HSPA2, and HSPC (HSP90), because only these HSPs have been studied in the context of physiology and pathophysiology of the epidermis. The analysis of literature data shows that HSPB1 plays a role in the regulation of final steps of keratinization; HSPA1 is involved in the cytoprotection, HSPA2 contributes to the early steps of keratinocyte differentiation, while HSPC is essential in the re-epithelialization process. Since HSPs have diverse functions in various types of somatic tissues, in spite of multiple investigations, open questions still remain about detailed roles of a particular HSP isoform in the biology of epidermal keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Scieglinska
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center Gliwice Branch, ul. Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, 44-101, Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Zdzisław Krawczyk
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center Gliwice Branch, ul. Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, 44-101, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Damian Robert Sojka
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center Gliwice Branch, ul. Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, 44-101, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gogler-Pigłowska
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center Gliwice Branch, ul. Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, 44-101, Gliwice, Poland
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17
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Tseng CC, Stanciauskas R, Zhang P, Woo D, Wu K, Kelly K, Gill PS, Yu M, Pinaud F, Lee AS. GRP78 regulates CD44v membrane homeostasis and cell spreading in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer. Life Sci Alliance 2019; 2:e201900377. [PMID: 31416894 PMCID: PMC6696983 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201900377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
GRP78 conducts protein folding and quality control in the ER and shows elevated expression and cell surface translocation in advanced tumors. However, the underlying mechanisms enabling GRP78 to exert novel signaling functions at cell surface are just emerging. CD44 is a transmembrane protein and an important regulator of cancer metastasis, and isoform switch of CD44 through incorporating additional variable exons to the extracellular juxtamembrane region is frequently observed during cancer progression. Using super-resolution dual-color single-particle tracking, we report that GRP78 interacts with CD44v in plasma membrane nanodomains of breast cancer cells. We further show that targeting cell surface GRP78 by the antibodies can effectively reduce cell surface expression of CD44v and cell spreading of tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells. Our results uncover new functions of GRP78 as an interacting partner of CD44v and as a regulator of CD44v membrane homeostasis and cell spreading. This study also provides new insights into anti-CD44 therapy in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chih Tseng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ramunas Stanciauskas
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Pu Zhang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dennis Woo
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kaijin Wu
- Department of Medicine/Division of Hematology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Kelly
- Department of Medicine/Division of Hematology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Parkash S Gill
- Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Min Yu
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fabien Pinaud
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amy S Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Aissani B, Martinez-Maza O, Kaslow RA, Wiener HW, Bream JH, Stosor V, Martinson JJ, Jacobson LP, Shrestha S. Increasing Levels of Serum Heat Shock Protein 70 Precede the Development of AIDS-Defining Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Among Carriers of HLA-B8-DR3. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2019; 81:266-273. [PMID: 31026237 PMCID: PMC6587227 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We hypothesized that carriage of presumably high Hsp70-producing gene variants on a specific human major histocompatibility complex haplotype, the 8.1 ancestral haplotype (8.1AH), may predispose HIV-infected individuals to AIDS-non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). SETTING We compared serum Hsp70 levels in the years preceding the diagnosis of AIDS-NHL in a matched case-control study (n = 151 pairs) nested in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. METHODS We tested the impact of 8.1AH-specific single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and joint SNP-human leukocyte antigen extended haplotypes previously associated with AIDS-NHL in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study on the circulating Hsp70 levels in mixed linear models. RESULTS We report elevated serum levels of Hsp70 in the 4 years preceding the diagnosis of AIDS-NHL in cases that carry 8.1AH, but not in noncarrier cases and not in carrier- or non-carrier-matched controls. The strongest predictor of higher serum Hsp70 was the haplotype A-G-A-C formed by SNPs rs537160(A) and rs1270942(G) in the complement factor CFB gene cluster, and rs2072633(A) and rs6467(C) in nearby RDBP and CYP21A2 located 70 Kb apart from the Hsp70 gene cluster. The association with A-G-A-C haplotype (beta = 0.718; standard error = 0.182; P = 0.0002) and with other 8.1AH-specific haplotypes including the high-producing tumor necrosis factor-alpha haplotype rs909253(G)-rs1800629(A) (beta = 0.308; standard error = 0.140; P = 0.032) were observed only with NHL identified as an AIDS-defining condition, but not as a post-AIDS condition, nor in combined AIDS and post-AIDS cases. CONCLUSION Our combined genetic and functional approach suggests that the altered level of Hsp70 is a correlate of 8.1AH-mediated AIDS-NHL. Further investigation of the Hsp70 gene cluster and nearby loci that are tagged by A-G-A-C could better elucidate the genetic determinants of the malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brahim Aissani
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Otoniel Martinez-Maza
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics; and
- Epidemiology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Richard A. Kaslow
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- Currently Professor Emeritus of Epidemiology
| | - Howard W. Wiener
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Jay H. Bream
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Jeremy J. Martinson
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; and
| | - Lisa P. Jacobson
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sadeep Shrestha
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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Garbuz DG, Zatsepina OG, Evgen’ev MB. The Major Human Stress Protein Hsp70 as a Factor of Protein Homeostasis and a Cytokine-Like Regulator. Mol Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893319020055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Reindl J, Shevtsov M, Dollinger G, Stangl S, Multhoff G. Membrane Hsp70-supported cell-to-cell connections via tunneling nanotubes revealed by live-cell STED nanoscopy. Cell Stress Chaperones 2019; 24:213-221. [PMID: 30632067 PMCID: PMC6363613 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-018-00958-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein Hsp70 (Hsp70) is found on the cell surface of a large variety of human and mouse tumor cell types including U87, GL261 glioblastoma, and 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells. We studied the role of membrane-bound Hsp70 (mHsp70) in the formation of cell-to-cell connections via tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) using live-cell STED nanoscopy. This technique allows the visualization of microstructures in the 100-nm range in the living cells. We could show that the presence of tumor-derived mHsp70 in TNTs with a diameter ranging from 120 to 140 nm predominantly originates from cholesterol-rich-microdomains containing the lipid compound globoyltriaosylceramide (Gb3). Under non-stress conditions, Hsp70 and Gb3 are structurally clustered in the membrane of TNTs of tumor cells that showed tumor type specific variations in the amount of cell-to-cell connection networks. Furthermore depletion of cholesterol and ionizing radiation as a stress factor results in a complete loss of Hsp70-containing TNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Reindl
- Universität der Bundeswehr München, Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39, 85577 Neubiberg, Germany
| | - Maxim Shevtsov
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technischen Universität München (TUM), Ismaningerstrasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Tikhoretsky ave. 4, St. Petersburg, 194064 Russia
- Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, L’va Tolstogo str. 6/8, St. Petersburg, 197022 Russia
- Polenov Russian Scientific Research Institute of Neurosurgery, Mayakovskogo str. 12, St. Petersburg, 191104 Russia
| | - Günther Dollinger
- Universität der Bundeswehr München, Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39, 85577 Neubiberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Stangl
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technischen Universität München (TUM), Ismaningerstrasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technischen Universität München (TUM), Ismaningerstrasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
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21
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Kaszubowska L, Foerster J, Schetz D, Kmieć Z. CD56bright cells respond to stimulation until very advanced age revealing increased expression of cellular protective proteins SIRT1, HSP70 and SOD2. Immun Ageing 2018; 15:31. [PMID: 30534181 PMCID: PMC6262966 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-018-0136-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND NK cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes of innate immunity composed of: cytotoxic CD56dim and immunoregulatory CD56bright cells. The study aimed to analyze the expression of cellular protective proteins: sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) in CD56dim and CD56bright NK cells of the young, seniors aged under 85 ('the old') and seniors aged over 85 ('the oldest'). We studied both non-stimulated NK cells and cells stimulated by IL-2, LPS or PMA with ionomycin. The expression level of proinflammatory cytokines TNF and IFN-γ was also assessed in NK cell subsets and some relationships between the studied parameters were analyzed. RESULTS CD56bright cells showed sensitivity to most of the applied stimulatory agents until very advanced age in regards to the expression of SIRT1 and intracellular HSP70. On the contrary, CD56dim cells, sensitive to stimulation by most of the stimulatory agents in the young and the old, in the oldest lost this sensitivity and presented rather high, constant expression of SIRT1 and HSP70, resistant to further stimulation. With reference to SOD2 expression, CD56dim cells were insensitive to stimulation in the young, but their sensitivity increased with ageing. CD56bright cells were sensitive to most of the applied agents in the young and the old but in the oldest they responded to all of the stimulatory agents used in the study. Similarly, both NK cell subsets were sensitive to stimulation until very advanced age in regards to the expression of TNF and IFN-γ. CONCLUSIONS CD56bright cells maintained sensitivity to stimulation until very advanced age presenting also an increased expression of SIRT1 and HSP70. CD56dim cells showed a constantly increased expression of these cellular protective proteins in the oldest, insensitive for further stimulation. The oldest, however, did not reveal an increased level of SOD2 expression, but it was significantly elevated in both NK cell subsets after stimulation.The pattern of expression of the studied cellular protective proteins in ageing process revealed the adaptation of NK cells to stress response in the oldest seniors which might accompany the immunosenescence and contribute to the long lifespan of this group of the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucyna Kaszubowska
- Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jerzy Foerster
- Department of Social and Clinical Gerontology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Daria Schetz
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębowa 23, 80-204 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Kmieć
- Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
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22
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Heat Shock Proteins as Immunomodulants. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112846. [PMID: 30388847 PMCID: PMC6278532 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are conserved molecules whose main role is to facilitate folding of other proteins. Most Hsps are generally stress-inducible as they play a particularly important cytoprotective role in cells exposed to stressful conditions. Initially, Hsps were generally thought to occur intracellulary. However, recent work has shown that some Hsps are secreted to the cell exterior particularly in response to stress. For this reason, they are generally regarded as danger signaling biomarkers. In this way, they prompt the immune system to react to prevailing adverse cellular conditions. For example, their enhanced secretion by cancer cells facilitate targeting of these cells by natural killer cells. Notably, Hsps are implicated in both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses. Their effects on immune cells depends on a number of aspects such as concentration of the respective Hsp species. In addition, various Hsp species exert unique effects on immune cells. Because of their conservation, Hsps are implicated in auto-immune diseases. Here we discuss the various metabolic pathways in which various Hsps manifest immune modulation. In addition, we discuss possible experimental variations that may account for contradictory reports on the immunomodulatory function of some Hsps.
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23
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Circulating Heat Shock Protein 70 Is a Novel Biomarker for Early Diagnosis of Lung Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2018; 2018:6184162. [PMID: 30245753 PMCID: PMC6136573 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6184162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) was a highly conserved protein which was significantly induced in response to cellular stresses. HSP70 played an important role in the pathogenesis of cancer which stabilized the production of large amount of oncogenic proteins and finally supported growth and survival of tumor. However, there was no report about the diagnosis of circulating HSP70 in lung cancer patients. In this study, a total of 297 participants (lung cancer: 197, healthy control: 100) were enrolled in the detection of circulating HSP70 level in plasma by ELISA assay. The results indicated that circulating HSP70 significantly decreased in lung cancer patients compared to healthy controls (P < 0.0001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that HSP70 (AUC: 82.2%, SN: 74.1%, SP: 80.0%) had higher diagnosis value than clinical existing biomarkers CEA (AUC: 80.1%, SN: 76.8%, SP: 67.3%) and CA 19-9 (AUC: 63.7%, SN: 64.2%, SP: 54.0%). In the analysis of early lung cancer patients, ROC results also revealed that HSP70 (AUC: 83.8%, SN: 71.2%, SP: 84.0%) have higher sensitivity, specificity, and AUC than CEA (AUC: 73.7%, SN: 73.2%, SP: 69.1%) and CA 19-9 (AUC: 61.5%, SN: 69.4%, SP: 53.4%). In analysis of specific histological classifications, HSP70 showed more valuable in the diagnosis of SCC (AUC: 85.9%, SN: 86.1.9%, SP: 81.0%) than ADC (AUC: 81.0%, SN: 69.1%, SP: 81.0%). Combined analysis of HSP70 and existing biomarker: CEA and CA 19-9 exhibited that HSP70 combined CEA and CA 19-9 showed the highest AUC (0.945, 95% CI, 0.855–1.000). The importance of our results was that we found decreased circulating HSP70, in combination with elevated CEA and CA 19-9, could be utilized in the diagnosis of early (stage I and II) lung cancer.
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24
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Stangl S, Foulds GA, Fellinger H, Pilkington GJ, Pockley AG, Multhoff G. Immunohistochemical and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Intracellular and Membrane-Bound Hsp70, as a Putative Biomarker of Glioblastoma Multiforme, Using the cmHsp70.1 Monoclonal Antibody. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1709:307-320. [PMID: 29177668 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7477-1_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
The major stress-inducible 70 kDa heat shock (stress) protein 70 (Hsp70) is frequently overexpressed in highly aggressive tumor cells and thus might serve as a tumor-specific biomarker of aggressive disease. We have previously shown that, in contrast to normal cells, tumor cells present Hsp70 on their plasma membrane. In order to elucidate the role of intracellular and membrane-bound Hsp70 as a potential tumor biomarker in glioblastoma multiforme, herein, we describe protocols for the staining of cytosolic Hsp70 in tumor formalin fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) sections using immunohistochemistry, and for plasma membrane-bound Hsp70 by multi-parametric flow cytometry using the cmHsp70.1 monoclonal antibody (mAb).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Stangl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Gemma A Foulds
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Helena Fellinger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Geoffrey J Pilkington
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK
| | - A Graham Pockley
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, Munich, 81675, Germany.,John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, Munich, 81675, Germany. .,CCG-Innate Immunity in Tumor Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany.
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25
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Lamprecht C, Gehrmann M, Madl J, Römer W, Multhoff G, Ebner A. Molecular AFM imaging of Hsp70-1A association with dipalmitoyl phosphatidylserine reveals membrane blebbing in the presence of cholesterol. Cell Stress Chaperones 2018; 23:673-683. [PMID: 29404895 PMCID: PMC6045550 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-018-0879-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hsp70-1A-the major stress-inducible member of the HSP70 chaperone family-is being implicated in cancer diseases with the development of resistances to standard therapies. In normal cells, the protein is purely cytosolic, but in a growing number of tumor cells, a significant fraction can be identified on to the cell surface. The anchoring mechanism is still under debate, as Hsp70-1A lacks conventional signaling sequences for translocation from the cytosol to exoplasmic leaflet of the plasma membrane and common membrane binding domains. Recent reports propose a lipid-mediated anchoring mechanism based on a specific interaction with charged, saturated lipids such as dipalmitoyl phosphatidylserine (DPPS). Here, we prepared planar supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) to visualize the association of Hsp70-1A directly and on the single molecule level by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The single molecule sensitivity of our approach allowed us to explore the low concentration range of 0.05 to 1.0 μg/ml of Hsp70-1A which was not studied before. We compared the binding of the protein to bilayers with 20% DPPS lipid content both in the absence and presence of cholesterol. Hsp70-1A inserted exclusively into DPPS domains and assembled in clusters with increasing protein density. A critical density was reached for incubation with 0.5 μg/ml (7 nM); at higher concentrations, membrane defects were observed that originated from cluster centers. In the presence of cholesterol, this critical concentration leads to the formation of membrane blebs, which burst at higher concentrations supporting a previously proposed non-classical pathway for the export of Hsp70-1A by tumor cells. In the discussion of our data, we attempt to link the lipid-mediated plasma membrane localization of Hsp70-1A to its potential involvement in the development of resistances to radiation and chemotherapy based on our own findings and the current literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanze Lamprecht
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020, Linz, Austria.
- Institute of Physics, Experimental Polymer Physics, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technology (FIT), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Mathias Gehrmann
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Josef Madl
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technology (FIT), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Winfried Römer
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technology (FIT), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Ebner
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020, Linz, Austria
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26
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Pockley AG, Henderson B. Extracellular cell stress (heat shock) proteins-immune responses and disease: an overview. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 373:rstb.2016.0522. [PMID: 29203707 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular cell stress proteins are highly conserved phylogenetically and have been shown to act as powerful signalling agonists and receptors for selected ligands in several different settings. They also act as immunostimulatory 'danger signals' for the innate and adaptive immune systems. Other studies have shown that cell stress proteins and the induction of immune reactivity to self-cell stress proteins can attenuate disease processes. Some proteins (e.g. Hsp60, Hsp70, gp96) exhibit both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties, depending on the context in which they encounter responding immune cells. The burgeoning literature reporting the presence of stress proteins in a range of biological fluids in healthy individuals/non-diseased settings, the association of extracellular stress protein levels with a plethora of clinical and pathological conditions and the selective expression of a membrane form of Hsp70 on cancer cells now supports the concept that extracellular cell stress proteins are involved in maintaining/regulating organismal homeostasis and in disease processes and phenotype. Cell stress proteins, therefore, form a biologically complex extracellular cell stress protein network having diverse biological, homeostatic and immunomodulatory properties, the understanding of which offers exciting opportunities for delivering novel approaches to predict, identify, diagnose, manage and treat disease.This article is part of the theme issue 'Heat shock proteins as modulators and therapeutic targets of chronic disease: an integrated perspective'.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Graham Pockley
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Brian Henderson
- Division of Microbial Diseases, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London WC1X 8LD, UK
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27
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Kaszubowska L, Foerster J, Kaczor JJ, Schetz D, Ślebioda TJ, Kmieć Z. NK cells of the oldest seniors represent constant and resistant to stimulation high expression of cellular protective proteins SIRT1 and HSP70. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2018. [PMID: 29541147 PMCID: PMC5840822 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-018-0115-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Natural killer cells (NK cells) are cytotoxic lymphocytes of innate immunity that reveal some immunoregulatory properties, however, their role in the process of ageing is not completely understood. The study aimed to analyze the expression of proteins involved in cellular stress response: sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) in human NK cells with reference to the process of ageing. Non-stimulated and stimulated with IL-2, LPS or PMA with ionomycin cells originated from peripheral blood samples of: seniors aged over 85 (‘the oldest’; n = 25; 88.5 ± 0.5 years, mean ± SEM), seniors aged under 85 (‘the old’; n = 30; 75.6 ± 0.9 years) and the young (n = 31; 20.9 ± 0.3 years). The relationships between the levels of expression of cellular protective proteins in the studied population were also analyzed. The concentrations of carbonyl groups and 8-isoprostanes, markers of oxidative stress, in both stimulated and non-stimulated cultured NK cells were measured to assess the level of the oxidative stress in the cells. Results The oldest seniors varied from the other age groups by significantly higher expression of SIRT1 and HSP70 both in non-stimulated and stimulated NK cells. These cells also appeared to be resistant to further stimulations with IL-2, LPS or PMA with ionomycin. Highly positive correlations between SIRT1 and intracellular HSP70 in both stimulated and non-stimulated NK cells were observed. SOD2 presented low expression in non-stimulated cells, whereas its sensitivity to stimulation increased with age of donors. High positive correlations between SOD2 and surface HSP70 were observed. We found that the markers of oxidative stress in NK cells did not change with ageing. Conclusions The oldest seniors revealed well developed adaptive stress response in NK cells with increased, constant levels of SIRT1 and intracellular HSP70. They presented also very high positive correlations between expression of these cellular protective proteins both in stimulated and non-stimulated cells. These phenomena may contribute to the long lifespan of this group of elderly. Interestingly, in NK cells SOD2 revealed a distinct role in cellular stress response since it showed sensitivity to stimulation increasing with age of participants. These observations provide novel data concerning the role of NK cells in the process of ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucyna Kaszubowska
- 1Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jerzy Foerster
- 2Department of Social and Clinical Gerontology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jan Jacek Kaczor
- 3Department of Bioenergetics and Physiology of Exercise, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Daria Schetz
- 4Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębowa 23, 80-204 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Jerzy Ślebioda
- 1Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Kmieć
- 1Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
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28
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Friedrich L, Kornberger P, Mendler CT, Multhoff G, Schwaiger M, Skerra A. Selection of an Anticalin® against the membrane form of Hsp70 via bacterial surface display and its theranostic application in tumour models. Biol Chem 2017; 399:235-252. [DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2017-0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
We describe the selection of Anticalins against a common tumour surface antigen, human Hsp70, using functional display on live Escherichia coli cells as fusion with a truncated EspP autotransporter. While found intracellularly in normal cells, Hsp70 is frequently exposed in a membrane-bound state on the surface of tumour cells and, even more pronounced, in metastases or after radiochemotherapy. Employing a recombinant Hsp70 fragment comprising residues 383-548 as the target, Anticalins were selected from a naïve bacterial library. The Anticalin with the highest affinity (K
D=13 nm), as determined towards recombinant full-length Hsp70 by real-time surface plasmon resonance analysis, was improved to K
D=510 pm by doped random mutagenesis and another cycle of E. coli surface display, followed by rational combination of mutations. This Anticalin, which recognises a linear peptide epitope located in the interdomain linker of Hsp70, was demonstrated to specifically bind Hsp70 in its membrane-associated form in immunofluorescence microscopy and via flow cytometry using the FaDu cell line, which is positive for surface Hsp70. The radiolabelled and PASylated Anticalin revealed specific tumour accumulation in xenograft mice using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Furthermore, after enzymatic coupling to the protein toxin gelonin, the Anticalin showed potent cytotoxicity on FaDu cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Friedrich
- Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science, CIPS-M, and Lehrstuhl für Biologische Chemie , Technische Universität München , D-85354 Freising (Weihenstephan) , Germany
| | - Petra Kornberger
- Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science, CIPS-M, and Lehrstuhl für Biologische Chemie , Technische Universität München , D-85354 Freising (Weihenstephan) , Germany
| | - Claudia T. Mendler
- Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science, CIPS-M, and Lehrstuhl für Biologische Chemie , Technische Universität München , D-85354 Freising (Weihenstephan) , Germany
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Department of Radiation Oncology , Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München , D-81675 München , Germany
| | - Markus Schwaiger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar , Technische Universität München , D-81675 München , Germany
| | - Arne Skerra
- Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science, CIPS-M, and Lehrstuhl für Biologische Chemie , Technische Universität München , D-85354 Freising (Weihenstephan) , Germany
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29
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Walaszczyk A, Szołtysek K, Jelonek K, Polańska J, Dörr W, Haagen J, Widłak P, Gabryś D. Heart irradiation reduces microvascular density and accumulation of HSPA1 in mice. Strahlenther Onkol 2017; 194:235-242. [PMID: 29063166 PMCID: PMC5847036 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-017-1220-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Improvement of radiotherapy techniques reduces the exposure of normal tissues to ionizing radiation. However, the risk of radiation-related late effects remains elevated. In the present study, we investigated long-term effects of radiation on heart muscle morphology. MATERIALS AND METHODS We established a mouse model to study microvascular density (MVD), deposition of collagen fibers, and changes in accumulation of heat shock 70 kDa protein 1 (HSPA1) in irradiated heart tissue. Hearts of C57BL/6 mice received a single dose of X‑ray radiation in the range 0.2-16 Gy. Analyses were performed 20, 40, and 60 weeks after irradiation. RESULTS Reduction in MD was revealed as a long-term effect observed 20-60 weeks after irradiation. Moreover, a significant and dose-dependent increase in accumulation of HSPA1, both cytoplasmic and nuclear, was observed in heart tissues collected 20 weeks after irradiation. We also noticed an increase in collagen deposition in hearts treated with higher doses. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that some changes induced by radiation in the heart tissue, such as reduction in microvessel density, increase in collagen deposition, and accumulation of HSPA1, are observed as long-term effects which might be associated with late radiation cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Walaszczyk
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, 44-101, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Szołtysek
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, 44-101, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Karol Jelonek
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, 44-101, Gliwice, Poland
| | | | - Wolfgang Dörr
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Applied and Translational Radiobiology (ATRAB), Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Haagen
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Piotr Widłak
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, 44-101, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Dorota Gabryś
- Department of Radiotherapy, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, 44-101, Gliwice, Poland.
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30
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Morozov AV, Astakhova TM, Garbuz DG, Krasnov GS, Bobkova NV, Zatsepina OG, Karpov VL, Evgen'ev MB. Interplay between recombinant Hsp70 and proteasomes: proteasome activity modulation and ubiquitin-independent cleavage of Hsp70. Cell Stress Chaperones 2017; 22:687-697. [PMID: 28447215 PMCID: PMC5573687 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0792-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70, human HSPA1A) plays indispensable roles in cellular stress responses and protein quality control (PQC). In the framework of PQC, it cooperates with the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) to clear damaged and dysfunctional proteins in the cell. Moreover, Hsp70 itself is rapidly degraded following the recovery from stress. It was demonstrated that its fast turnover is mediated via ubiquitination and subsequent degradation by the 26S proteasome. At the same time, the effect of Hsp70 on the functional state of proteasomes has been insufficiently investigated. Here, we characterized the direct effect of recombinant Hsp70 on the activity of 20S and 26S proteasomes and studied Hsp70 degradation by the 20S proteasome in vitro. We have shown that the activity of purified 20S proteasomes is decreased following incubation with recombinant human Hsp70. On the other hand, high concentrations of Hsp70 activated 26S proteasomes. Finally, we obtained evidence that in addition to previously reported ubiquitin-dependent degradation, Hsp70 could be cleaved independent of ubiquitination by the 20S proteasome. The results obtained reveal novel aspects of the interplay between Hsp70 and proteasomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V Morozov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Tatiana M Astakhova
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 26, Moscow, 124319, Russia
| | - David G Garbuz
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - George S Krasnov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Natalia V Bobkova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Institutskaya st. 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Olga G Zatsepina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Vadim L Karpov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Michail B Evgen'ev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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31
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Yamamoto Y, Koma H, Nishii S, Yagami T. Anti-heat Shock 70 kDa Protein Antibody Induced Neuronal Cell Death. Biol Pharm Bull 2017; 40:402-412. [PMID: 28381795 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is not only a molecular chaperone in cytosol, but also presents in synaptic plasma membranes. To detect plasmalemmal Hsp70 (pl-Hsp70), neurons were immunostained with anti-Hsp70 antibody without permeabilization and fixation. Dotted immunofluorescent signals at neuronal cell bodies and neurites indicated the localization of Hsp70 on the neuronal cell surface. To target only pl-Hsp70, but not cytosolic Hsp70, the anti-Hsp70 antibody was applied without permeabilization in the primary culture of rat cortical neurons. The antibody induced neuronal cell death in a concentration-dependent manner. The anti-Hsp70 antibody activated ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, but inactivated caspase-3. A lag time was required for the neurotoxicity of anti-Hsp70 antibody. Hydrogen peroxide was increased in the anti-Hsp70 antibody-treated neurons during the lag time. Catalase suppressed the anti-Hsp70 antibody-reduced cell viability via the plausible inhibition of hydrogen peroxide generation. One of down-streams of hydrogen peroxide exposure is activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascade. The neurotoxicity of anti-Hsp70 antibody was partially ascribed to c-Jun N-terminal kinase among MAPKs. In conclusion, the anti-Hsp70 antibody targeted pl-Hsp70 on the neuronal cell surface and induced neuronal cell death without complement. Furthermore, hydrogen peroxide appeared to mediate the neuronal cell death, which was accompanied with the enhancement of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and the suppression of caspase in a different fashion from the known cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Yamamoto
- Division of Physiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Health Care, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Himeji Dokkyo University
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Rubio-Infante N, Ilhuicatzi-Alvarado D, Torres-Martínez M, Reyes-Grajeda JP, Nava-Acosta R, González-González E, Moreno-Fierros L. The Macrophage Activation Induced by Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ac Protoxin Involves ERK1/2 and p38 Pathways and the Interaction with Cell-Surface-HSP70. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:580-598. [PMID: 28608568 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Here, we aimed to further characterize the mechanisms involved in protoxin (p) Cry1Ac-induced macrophage activation. We demonstrated that pCry1Ac induces MAPK ERK1/2, p38, and JNK phosphorylation in RAW264.7 macrophages. Because MAPK activation is mainly triggered via ligand-receptor interactions, we focused on the identification of potential pCry1Ac-receptor proteins. Flow cytometry and confocal analysis showed specific saturable pCry1Ac-binding to the macrophage surface and evidenced its internalization via the clathrin-pathway. We performed immunoprecipitation assays and identified by MALDI-TOF-TOF several possible pCry1Ac-binding proteins, such as heat shock proteins (HSPs), vimentin, α-enolase, and actin; whose interaction and presence was confirmed, respectively, by ligand blot and Western blot assays. We also detected cell-surface (cs) pCry1Ac-HSP70 colocalization, so HSP70 was chosen for further characterization. Co-immunoprecipitation with HSP70 antibodies followed by Western blot confirmed the pCry1Ac-HSP70 interaction. Furthermore, pretreatment of RAW264.7 cells with HSP70 antibodies reduced pCry1Ac-induced ERK1 phosphorylation and MCP-1 production; thus suggest the functional participation of csHSP70 in pCry1Ac-induced macrophage activation. csHSP70 also was evaluated in peritoneal-cavity (PerC) macrophages of untreated BALB/c mice, interestingly it was found that the predominant population namely large-peritoneal-macrophages (LPM) displayed csHSP70 + hi. Furthermore, the dynamics of PerC macrophage subsets, LPM, and small-peritoneal macrophages (SPM) were evaluated in response to in vivo pCry1Ac stimuli in presence or not of phenylethynesulfonamide (PES) a functional HSP70 inhibitor. It was found that pCry1Ac increased the proportion of SPM CD11b + F4/80 + lowMHCII + csHSP70 + low and markedly reduced the amount of LPM CD11b + F4/80 + hiMHCII-csHSP70 + hi; while PES, partially suppressed this pCry1Ac-induced effect, further suggesting the participation of HSP70 in macrophage activation process. J. Cell. Biochem. 119: 580-598, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nestor Rubio-Infante
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad en Mucosas, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de México
| | - Damaris Ilhuicatzi-Alvarado
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad en Mucosas, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de México
| | - Marilu Torres-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad en Mucosas, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de México
| | - Juan Pablo Reyes-Grajeda
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Periférico Sur No. 4809, Colonia Arenal Tepepan, Delegación Tlalpan, 14610, México, DF
| | - Raúl Nava-Acosta
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad en Mucosas, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de México
| | - Edith González-González
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad en Mucosas, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de México
| | - Leticia Moreno-Fierros
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad en Mucosas, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de México
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Abstract
Cell surface expression of alpha-enolase, a glycolytic enzyme displaying moonlighting activities, has been shown to contribute to the motility and invasiveness of cancer cells through the protein non-enzymatic function of binding plasminogen and enhancing plasmin formation. Although a few recent records indicate the involvement of protein partners in the localization of alpha-enolase to the plasma membrane, the cellular mechanisms underlying surface exposure remain largely elusive. Searching for novel interactors and signalling pathways, we used low-metastatic breast cancer cells, a doxorubicin-resistant counterpart and a non-tumourigenic mammary epithelial cell line. Here, we demonstrate by a combination of experimental approaches that epidermal growth factor (EGF) exposure, like lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure, promotes the surface expression of alpha-enolase. We also establish Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), a multifunctional chaperone distributed in intracellular, plasma membrane and extracellular compartments, as a novel alpha-enolase interactor and demonstrate a functional involvement of Hsp70 in the surface localization of alpha-enolase. Our results contribute to shedding light on the control of surface expression of alpha-enolase in non-tumourigenic and cancer cells and suggest novel targets to counteract the metastatic potential of tumours.
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Kaszubowska L, Foerster J, Kaczor JJ, Schetz D, Ślebioda TJ, Kmieć Z. Expression of cellular protective proteins SIRT1, HSP70 and SOD2 correlates with age and is significantly higher in NK cells of the oldest seniors. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2017; 14:3. [PMID: 28127381 PMCID: PMC5259875 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-017-0085-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background NK cells are key effector lymphocytes of innate immunity provided with constitutive cytolytic activity, however, their role in human ageing is not entirely understood. The study aimed to analyze the expression of proteins involved in cellular stress response sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) in non-stimulated NK cells of the oldest seniors (n = 25; aged over 85; mean age 88 years) and compare with NK cells of the old (n = 30; aged under 85; mean age 76 years) and the young (n = 32; mean age 21 years) to find potential relationships between the level of expression of these proteins in NK cells and longevity. The concentration of carbonyl groups and 8-isoprostanes in NK cell lysates reflecting the level of oxidative stress was also measured. Results The group of the oldest seniors differed from the other age groups by significantly higher percentage of NK cells expressing SIRT1, HSP70 and SOD2. The concentration of both carbonyl groups and 8-isoprostanes in NK cell extracts remained within the normal range in all age groups. The percentage of NK cells with the expression of, respectively, SIRT1, HSP70 and SOD2 correlated positively with age. Some correlations between expression levels of particular protective proteins SIRT1, HSP70 and SOD2 were observed in the study population. Conclusions The increased expression of cellular protective proteins SIRT1, HSP70 and SOD2 in NK cells of the oldest seniors seems to correspond to longevity and the observed correlations may suggest the involvement of these proteins in establishing NK cell homeostasis specific for healthy ageing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucyna Kaszubowska
- Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, Gdańsk, PL-80-211 Poland
| | - Jerzy Foerster
- Department of Social and Clinical Gerontology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, Gdańsk, PL-80-211 Poland
| | - Jan Jacek Kaczor
- Department of Physiotherapy, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Górskiego 1, Gdańsk, PL-80-336 Poland
| | - Daria Schetz
- Department of Clinical Toxicology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Kartuska 4/6, Gdańsk, PL-80-104 Poland
| | - Tomasz Jerzy Ślebioda
- Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, Gdańsk, PL-80-211 Poland
| | - Zbigniew Kmieć
- Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, Gdańsk, PL-80-211 Poland
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Yurinskaya MM, Kochetkova OY, Shabarchina LI, Antonova OY, Suslikov AV, Evgen'ev MB, Vinokurov MG. Encapsulated Hsp70 decreases endotoxin-induced production of ROS and TNFα in human phagocytes. Cell Stress Chaperones 2017; 22:163-171. [PMID: 27783274 PMCID: PMC5225061 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-016-0743-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human heat shock protein Hsp70 was experimentally inserted into polyelectrolyte microcapsules. Encapsulated recombinant Hsp70 was studied in terms of its effects on neutrophil apoptosis, the production of reactive oxygen species, and the secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha by promonocytic THP-1 cells. It was found that encapsulated Hsp70 effectively inhibits neutrophil apoptosis, unlike free exogenous protein used in solution. In THP-1 cells, encapsulated and free Hsp70 reduced LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha production with a similar efficiency. Encapsulated Hsp70 reduces LPS-induced reactive oxygen species production by neutrophils in the course of its release from the microcapsules but not as much as free Hsp70. Thus, the polyelectrolyte microcapsules can be used as containers for the effective delivery of Hsp70 to neutrophils and monocytes to significantly improve the functioning of the innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Yurinskaya
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 32, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya Str. 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russian Federation, 142290
| | - O Yu Kochetkova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya Str. 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russian Federation, 142290
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str. 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russian Federation, 142290
| | - L I Shabarchina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str. 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russian Federation, 142290
| | - O Yu Antonova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya Str. 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russian Federation, 142290
| | - A V Suslikov
- Hospital of the Pushchino Research Center, Institutskaya Str. 1, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russian Federation, 142290
| | - M B Evgen'ev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 32, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991.
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya Str. 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russian Federation, 142290.
| | - M G Vinokurov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya Str. 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russian Federation, 142290
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Gurskiy YG, Garbuz DG, Soshnikova NV, Krasnov AN, Deikin A, Lazarev VF, Sverchinskyi D, Margulis BA, Zatsepina OG, Karpov VL, Belzhelarskaya SN, Feoktistova E, Georgieva SG, Evgen'ev MB. The development of modified human Hsp70 (HSPA1A) and its production in the milk of transgenic mice. Cell Stress Chaperones 2016; 21:1055-1064. [PMID: 27511022 PMCID: PMC5083674 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-016-0729-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of major human heat shock protein Hsp70 (HSPA1A) in a eukaryotic expression system is needed for testing and possible medical applications. In this study, transgenic mice were produced containing wild-type human Hsp70 allele in the vector providing expression in the milk. The results indicated that human Hsp70 was readily expressed in the transgenic animals but did not apparently preserve its intact structure and, hence, it was not possible to purify the protein using conventional isolation techniques. It was suggested that the protein underwent glycosylation in the process of expression, and this quite common modification for proteins expressed in the milk complicated its isolation. To check this possibility, we mutated all presumptive sites of glycosylation and tested the properties of the resulting modified Hsp70 expressed in E. coli. The investigation demonstrated that the modified protein exhibited all beneficial properties of the wild-type Hsp70 and was even superior to the latter for a few parameters. Based on these results, a transgenic mouse strain was obtained which expressed the modified Hsp70 in milk and which was easy to isolate using ATP columns. Therefore, the developed construct can be explored in various bioreactors for reliable manufacture of high quality, uniform, and reproducible human Hsp70 for possible medical applications including neurodegenerative diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslav G Gurskiy
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Cardiology Research Center, Moscow, 125552, Russia
| | - David G Garbuz
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | | | - Aleksey N Krasnov
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - Alexei Deikin
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - Vladimir F Lazarev
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitry Sverchinskyi
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Boris A Margulis
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga G Zatsepina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Vadim L Karpov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | | | - Evgenia Feoktistova
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Cardiology Research Center, Moscow, 125552, Russia
| | - Sofia G Georgieva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - Michael B Evgen'ev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow, Russia.
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Nanoscale Extracellular Vesicle Analysis in Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis and Therapy. Int J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 2016:8053139. [PMID: 27213078 PMCID: PMC4861781 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8053139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diagnostic assays that leverage bloodborne neuron-derived (neuronal) nanoscale extracellular vesicles (nsEVs) as “windows into the brain” can predict incidence of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) many years prior to onset. Beyond diagnostics, bloodborne neuronal nsEVs analysis may have substantial translational impact by revealing mechanisms of AD pathology; such knowledge could enlighten new drug targets and lead to new therapeutic approaches. The potential to establish three-dimensional nsEV analysis methods that characterize highly purified bloodborne nsEV populations in method of enrichment, cell type origin, and protein or RNA abundance dimensions could bring this promise to bear by yielding nsEV “omics” datasets that uncover new AD biomarkers and enable AD therapeutic development. In this review we provide a survey of both the current status of and new developments on the horizon in the field of neuronal nsEV analysis. This survey is supplemented by a discussion of the potential to translate such neuronal nsEV analyses to AD clinical diagnostic applications and drug development.
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Gunther S, Ostheimer C, Stangl S, Specht HM, Mozes P, Jesinghaus M, Vordermark D, Combs SE, Peltz F, Jung MP, Multhoff G. Correlation of Hsp70 Serum Levels with Gross Tumor Volume and Composition of Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Patients with Squamous Cell and Adeno Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Immunol 2015; 6:556. [PMID: 26579130 PMCID: PMC4629690 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat-shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is frequently found on the plasma membrane of a large number of malignant tumors including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and gets released into the blood circulation in lipid vesicles. On the one hand, a membrane (m)Hsp70-positive phenotype correlates with a high aggressiveness of the tumor; on the other hand, mHsp70 serves as a target for natural killer (NK) cells that had been pre-stimulated with Hsp70-peptide TKD plus low-dose interleukin-2 (TKD/IL-2). Following activation, NK cells show an up-regulated expression of activatory C-type lectin receptors, such as CD94/NKG2C, NKG2D, and natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCRs; NKp44, NKp46, and NKp30) and thereby gain the capacity to kill mHsp70-positive tumor cells. With respect to these results, the efficacy of ex vivo TKD/IL-2 stimulated, autologous NK cells is currently tested in a proof-of-concept phase II clinical trial in patients with squamous cell NSCLC after radiochemotherapy (RCT) at the TUM. Inclusion criteria are histological proven, non-resectable NSCLC in stage IIIA/IIIB, clinical responses to RCT and a mHsp70-positive tumor phenotype. The mHsp70 status is determined in the serum of patients using the lipHsp70 ELISA test, which enables the quantification of liposomal and free Hsp70. Squamous cell and adeno NSCLC patients had significantly higher serum Hsp70 levels than healthy controls. A significant correlation of serum Hsp70 levels with the gross tumor volume was shown for adeno and squamous cell NSCLC. However, significantly elevated ratios of activated CD69(+)/CD94(+) NK cells that are associated with low serum Hsp70 levels were observed only in patients with squamous cell lung cancer. These data might provide a first hint that squamous cell NSCLC is more immunogenic than adeno NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Gunther
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München (TUM) , München , Germany
| | - Christian Ostheimer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Stefan Stangl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München (TUM) , München , Germany
| | - Hanno M Specht
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München (TUM) , München , Germany
| | - Petra Mozes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München (TUM) , München , Germany
| | - Moritz Jesinghaus
- Department of Pathology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München (TUM) , München , Germany
| | - Dirk Vordermark
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Stephanie E Combs
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München (TUM) , München , Germany ; Department of Innovative Radiotherapy (iRT), Helmholtz Zentrum München , Oberschleißheim , Germany ; Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München , Oberschleißheim , Germany
| | - Friedhelm Peltz
- Pulmonary Division, 1 Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München (TUM) , München , Germany
| | - Max P Jung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München (TUM) , München , Germany
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München (TUM) , München , Germany ; Department of Innovative Radiotherapy (iRT), Helmholtz Zentrum München , Oberschleißheim , Germany ; Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München , Oberschleißheim , Germany
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Targeting the heat shock response in combination with radiotherapy: Sensitizing cancer cells to irradiation-induced cell death and heating up their immunogenicity. Cancer Lett 2015; 368:209-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 02/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Abstract
Although heat-shock (cell stress) proteins are commonly considered as being intracellular molecular chaperones that undertake a number of cytoprotective and cellular housekeeping functions, there is now a wealth of evidence to indicate that these proteins can be released by cells via active processes. Many molecular chaperones are secreted, or exist as cell surface proteins which can act as powerful signalling agonists and also as receptors for selected ligands. Levels of heat-shock (cell stress) proteins in biological fluids are now being associated with a plethora of clinical conditions, and these proteins therefore have potential utility as biomarkers of disease and/or response to therapeutic intervention. The present article summarizes current knowledge relating to extracellular cell stress proteins as biomarkers of human disease.
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Ara MN, Matsuda T, Hyodo M, Sakurai Y, Ohga N, Hida K, Harashima H. Construction of an aptamer modified liposomal system targeted to tumor endothelial cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2015; 37:1742-9. [PMID: 25366480 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b14-00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We describe herein the development of a high affinity and specific DNA aptamer as a new ligand for use in liposomal nanoparticles to target cultured mouse tumor endothelial cells (mTECs). Active targeted nanotechnology based drug delivery systems are currently of great interest, due to their potential for reducing side effects and facilitating the delivery of cytotoxic drugs or genes in a site specific manner. In this study, we report on a promising aptamer candidate AraHH036 that shows selective binding towards mTECs. The aptamer does not bind to normal cells, normal endothelial cells or tumor cells. Therefore, we synthesized an aptamer-polyethylene glycol (PEG) lipid conjugate and prepared aptamer based liposomes (ALPs) by the standard lipid hydration method. First, we quantified the higher capacity of ALPs to internalize into mTECs by incubating ALPs containing 1 mol%, 5 mol% and 10 mol% aptamer of total lipids and compared the results to those for unmodified PEGylated liposomes (PLPs). A confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) uptake study indicated that the ALPs were taken up more efficiently than PLPs. The measured Kd value of the ALPs was 142 nM. An intracellular trafficking study confirmed that most of the rhodamine labeled ALPs were taken up and co-localized with the green lysotracker, thus confirming that they were located in lysosomes. Finally, using an aptamer based proteomics approach, the molecular target protein of the aptamer was identified as heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). The results suggest that these ALPs offer promise as a new carrier molecule for delivering anti-angiogenesis drugs to tumor vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mst Naznin Ara
- Laboratory of Innovative Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
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42
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Najafizadeh SR, Ghazizadeh Z, Nargesi AA, Mahdavi M, Abtahi S, Mirmiranpour H, Nakhjavani M. Analysis of serum heat shock protein 70 (HSPA1A) concentrations for diagnosis and disease activity monitoring in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Cell Stress Chaperones 2015; 20:537-43. [PMID: 25739548 PMCID: PMC4406931 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-015-0578-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) have been repeatedly implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The authors aimed to study applicability of heat shock protein 70 (HSPA1A) serum levels as a diagnostic factor and a severity indicator in patients with RA and to quantify cut-off point that predicts status of RA with highest specificity. A total of 76 patients with RA and 36 healthy adults were studied in this case-control analysis. Patients had a higher HSPA1A level than the control group (0.78 ± 0.13 vs. 0.12 ± 0.02 ng/mL, p = 0.006), irrespective of presence of absence of rheumatoid factor or anti-citrullinated cyclic peptide. Next, diagnostic accuracy of the HSPA1A in diagnosis of RA was evaluated (area under curve 0.71; p < 0.05). HSPA1A predicted status of having RA in levels above 0.42 ng/mL with more than 90 % specificity. In addition to diagnostic value, HSPA1A can distinguish between high disease activity (1.66 ± 0.75 ng/mL) and low (0.49 ± 0.1 ng/mL), moderate (0.52 ± 0.12 ng/mL), or remission phase (0.48 ± 0.11 ng/mL). Moreover, patients in remission still had a higher HSPA1A level compared to normal subject (0.48 ± 0.11 vs. 0.12 ± 0.02 ng/mL, p < 0.05). Our results showed that serum HSPA1A could be implemented as a specific tool to facilitate diagnosis and monitoring disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Reza Najafizadeh
- />Rheumatology Research Center, Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zaniar Ghazizadeh
- />Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Aghajani Nargesi
- />Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Mahdavi
- />Rheumatology Research Center, Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Abtahi
- />Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Mirmiranpour
- />Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | - Manouchehr Nakhjavani
- />Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
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Andocs G, Meggyeshazi N, Balogh L, Spisak S, Maros ME, Balla P, Kiszner G, Teleki I, Kovago C, Krenacs T. Upregulation of heat shock proteins and the promotion of damage-associated molecular pattern signals in a colorectal cancer model by modulated electrohyperthermia. Cell Stress Chaperones 2015; 20:37-46. [PMID: 24973890 PMCID: PMC4255246 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-014-0523-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In modulated electrohyperthermia (mEHT) the enrichment of electric field and the concomitant heat can selectively induce cell death in malignant tumors as a result of elevated glycolysis, lactate production (Warburg effect), and reduced electric impedance in cancer compared to normal tissues. Earlier, we showed in HT29 colorectal cancer xenografts that the mEHT-provoked programmed cell death was dominantly caspase independent and driven by apoptosis inducing factor activation. Using this model here, we studied the mEHT-related cell stress 0-, 1-, 4-, 8-, 14-, 24-, 48-, 72-, 120-, 168- and 216-h post-treatment by focusing on damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) signals. Significant cell death response upon mEHT treatment was accompanied by the early upregulation (4-h post-treatment) of heat shock protein (Hsp70 and Hsp90) mRNA levels. In situ, the treatment resulted in spatiotemporal occurrence of a DAMP protein signal sequence featured by the significant cytoplasmic to cell membrane translocation of calreticulin at 4 h, Hsp70 between 14 and 24 h and Hsp90 between 24- and 216-h post-treatment. The release of high-mobility group box1 protein (HMGB1) from tumor cell nuclei from 24-h post-treatment and its clearance from tumor cells by 48 h was also detected. Our results suggest that mEHT treatment can induce a DAMP-related signal sequence in colorectal cancer xenografts that may be relevant for promoting immunological cell death response, which need to be further tested in immune-competent animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabor Andocs
- />Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Nora Meggyeshazi
- />1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Ulloi ut 26. 1085, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lajos Balogh
- />“Frederic Joliot Curie” National Research Institute for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sandor Spisak
- />MTA-SE Molecular Medicine Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mate Elod Maros
- />1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Ulloi ut 26. 1085, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Balla
- />1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Ulloi ut 26. 1085, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergo Kiszner
- />1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Ulloi ut 26. 1085, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ivett Teleki
- />1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Ulloi ut 26. 1085, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Kovago
- />Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent Istvan University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Krenacs
- />1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Ulloi ut 26. 1085, Budapest, Hungary
- />MTA-SE Tumor Progression Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
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Rapid isolation of extracellular vesicles from cell culture and biological fluids using a synthetic peptide with specific affinity for heat shock proteins. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110443. [PMID: 25329303 PMCID: PMC4201556 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that extracellular vesicles are an important source material for many clinical applications, including minimally-invasive disease diagnosis. However, challenges for rapid and simple extracellular vesicle collection have hindered their application. We have developed and validated a novel class of peptides (which we named venceremin, or Vn) that exhibit nucleotide-independent specific affinity for canonical heat shock proteins. The Vn peptides were validated to specifically and efficiently capture HSP-containing extracellular vesicles from cell culture growth media, plasma, and urine by electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, sequencing of nucleic acid cargo, proteomic profiling, immunoblotting, and nanoparticle tracking analysis. All of these analyses confirmed the material captured by the Vn peptides was comparable to those purified by the standard ultracentrifugation method. We show that the Vn peptides are a useful tool for the rapid isolation of extracellular vesicles using standard laboratory equipment. Moreover, the Vn peptides are adaptable to diverse platforms and therefore represent an excellent solution to the challenge of extracellular vesicle isolation for research and clinical applications.
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Gehrmann M, Cervello M, Montalto G, Cappello F, Gulino A, Knape C, Specht HM, Multhoff G. Heat shock protein 70 serum levels differ significantly in patients with chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2014; 5:307. [PMID: 25071768 PMCID: PMC4076752 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family play an important role in assisting protein folding, preventing protein aggregation and transport of proteins across membranes under physiological conditions. Following environmental (i.e., irradiation, chemotherapy), physiological (i.e., cell growth, differentiation), and pathophysiological (i.e., inflammation, tumorigenesis) stress, the synthesis of heat shock proteins (HSPs) is highly up-regulated, whereas protein synthesis in general is reduced. In contrast to normal cells, many tumor entities including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) overexpress HSP70, the major-stress-inducible member of the HSP70 family, present it on their cell surface and secrete it into the extracellular milieu. Herein, the prognostic relevance of serum HSP70 levels in patients with chronic hepatitis (CH; n = 50), liver cirrhosis (LC; n = 46), and HCC (n = 47) was analyzed. Similar to other tumor entities, HSP70 is also present on the surface of primary HCC cells. The staining intensity of intracellular HSP70 in HCC tissue is stronger compared to control and cirrhotic liver sections. HSP70 serum levels in all HCC patients were significantly higher compared to a control group without liver disease (n = 40). No significant age- and gender-related differences in HSP70 serum levels were observed in male and female healthy human volunteers (n = 86). Patients with CH (n = 50) revealed significantly higher HSP70 serum levels compared to the control group, however, these values were significantly lower than those of HCC patients (n = 47). Furthermore, a subgroup of patients with LC who subsequently developed HCC (LC-HCC, n = 13) revealed higher HSP70 serum levels than patients with LC (n = 46, p = 0.05). These data indicate that serum HSP70 levels are consecutively increased in patients with CH, LC and liver carcinomas and thus might have a prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Gehrmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München , Munich , Germany
| | - Melchiorre Cervello
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology "Alberto Monroy", National Research Council , Palermo , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Montalto
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology "Alberto Monroy", National Research Council , Palermo , Italy ; Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Francesco Cappello
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy ; Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology , Palermo , Italy
| | - Alessandro Gulino
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Science, Human Pathology Section, School of Medicine, University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Clemens Knape
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München , Munich , Germany
| | - Hanno M Specht
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München , Munich , Germany
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München , Munich , Germany ; Clinical Cooperation Group (CCG) - Innate Immunity in Tumor Biology, Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Centre for Environmental Health , Munich , Germany
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Tóth ME, Vígh L, Sántha M. Alcohol stress, membranes, and chaperones. Cell Stress Chaperones 2014; 19:299-309. [PMID: 24122554 PMCID: PMC3982023 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-013-0472-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethanol, which affects all body organs, exerts a number of cytotoxic effects, most of them independent of cell type. Ethanol treatment leads to increased membrane fluidity and to changes in membrane protein composition. It can also interact directly with membrane proteins, causing conformational changes and thereby influencing their function. The cytotoxic action may include an increased level of oxidative stress. Heat shock protein molecular chaperones are ubiquitously expressed evolutionarily conserved proteins which serve as critical regulators of cellular homeostasis. Heat shock proteins can be induced by various forms of stresses such as elevated temperature, alcohol treatment, or ischemia, and they are also upregulated in certain pathological conditions. As heat shock and ethanol stress provoke similar responses, it is likely that heat shock protein activation also has a role in the protection of membranes and other cellular components during alcohol stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda E. Tóth
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 521, 6701 Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Vígh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 521, 6701 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Miklós Sántha
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 521, 6701 Szeged, Hungary
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Mahalka AK, Kirkegaard T, Jukola LT, Jäättelä M, Kinnunen PK. Human heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) as a peripheral membrane protein. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1838:1344-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tosti G, Cocorocchio E, Pennacchioli E, Ferrucci PF, Testori A, Martinoli C. Heat-shock proteins-based immunotherapy for advanced melanoma in the era of target therapies and immunomodulating agents. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2014; 14:955-67. [PMID: 24670226 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2014.902928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heat-shock proteins (HSPs) are highly conserved, stress-induced proteins that function as chaperones, stabilizing proteins and delivering peptides. Tumor-derived HSP peptide complexes (HSPPCs) induced immunity against several malignancies in preclinical models, exhibiting activity across tumor types. AREAS COVERED HSPPC-based vaccination showed clinical activity in subsets of patients with different malignancies (e.g., gastric, colorectal, pancreatic, ovarian cancer, and glioblastoma). In Phase III clinical trials for advanced melanoma and renal cell carcinoma patients, HSPPC-based vaccine demonstrated an excellent safety profile, thus emerging as a flexible tumor- and patient-specific therapeutic approach. EXPERT OPINION Melanoma, renal clear cell carcinoma, and glioblastoma are among suitable targets for HSP-based treatment as demonstrated by immune responses and clinical activity observed in subsets of patients, mainly those with early stage of disease and limited tumor burden. In order to further improve clinical activity, combinations of HSPPC-based vaccines with mutation-driven therapies, antiangiogenic agents, or immunomodulating monoclonal antibodies should be tested in controlled clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Tosti
- Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Melanoma and Sarcoma Division , Via Ripamonti 435, 2014i Milano , Italy +39 02 57489459 ; +39 02 94379230 ;
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Bayer C, Liebhardt ME, Schmid TE, Trajkovic-Arsic M, Hube K, Specht HM, Schilling D, Gehrmann M, Stangl S, Siveke JT, Wilkens JJ, Multhoff G. Validation of heat shock protein 70 as a tumor-specific biomarker for monitoring the outcome of radiation therapy in tumor mouse models. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014; 88:694-700. [PMID: 24521683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor cells, in contrast to normal cells, frequently overexpress heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) in the cytosol, present it on their cell surface, and actively release it. Therefore, soluble Hsp70 (sHsp70) was investigated as a potential tumor biomarker for monitoring the outcome of radiation therapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS Plasma from mice bearing membrane Hsp70 (mHsp70)-positive FaDu human squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and spontaneous pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) was investigated. A cohort of mice with FaDu tumors (0.32 cm(3)) was irradiated with 30 Gy, and plasma was collected 24 hours after irradiation, after the tumors had shrunk to 50% of their starting volume and after complete remission. sHsp70 levels in the plasma were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS sHsp70 levels were significantly higher in the blood of tumor-bearing mice than that of control animals. A correlation between increasing sHsp70 plasma levels and tumor volume in the range of 0.01 cm(3) to 0.66 cm(3) was observed. Radiation-induced regression of the tumors was associated with significantly decreased sHsp70 levels, which returned to the level of control animals after complete remission. CONCLUSION We propose sHsp70 as an innovative biomarker for detecting tumors and for monitoring the clinical outcome of radiation therapy in cancer patients.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/blood
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/radiotherapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/blood
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/radiotherapy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/blood
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/blood
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/radiotherapy
- Heterografts
- Humans
- Mice
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/blood
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/radiotherapy
- Radiation Dosage
- Spheroids, Cellular/metabolism
- Spheroids, Cellular/radiation effects
- Treatment Outcome
- Tumor Burden
- Pancreatic Neoplasms
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Bayer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael E Liebhardt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas E Schmid
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Marija Trajkovic-Arsic
- II Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Hube
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hanno M Specht
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniela Schilling
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Clinical Kooperation Group, Innate Immunity in Tumor Biology, HelmholtzZentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias Gehrmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Stangl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens T Siveke
- II Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan J Wilkens
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Clinical Kooperation Group, Innate Immunity in Tumor Biology, HelmholtzZentrum München, Munich, Germany.
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Gaca S, Reichert S, Multhoff G, Wacker M, Hehlgans S, Botzler C, Gehrmann M, Rödel C, Kreuter J, Rödel F. Targeting by cmHsp70.1-antibody coated and survivin miRNA plasmid loaded nanoparticles to radiosensitize glioblastoma cells. J Control Release 2013; 172:201-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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