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Takahashi H, Sovadinova I, Yasuhara K, Vemparala S, Caputo GA, Kuroda K. Biomimetic antimicrobial polymers—Design, characterization, antimicrobial, and novel applications. WIRES NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 15:e1866. [PMID: 36300561 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Biomimetic antimicrobial polymers have been an area of great interest as the need for novel antimicrobial compounds grows due to the development of resistance. These polymers were designed and developed to mimic naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides in both physicochemical composition and mechanism of action. These antimicrobial peptide mimetic polymers have been extensively investigated using chemical, biophysical, microbiological, and computational approaches to gain a deeper understanding of the molecular interactions that drive function. These studies have helped inform SARs, mechanism of action, and general physicochemical factors that influence the activity and properties of antimicrobial polymers. However, there are still lingering questions in this field regarding 3D structural patterning, bioavailability, and applicability to alternative targets. In this review, we present a perspective on the development and characterization of several antimicrobial polymers and discuss novel applications of these molecules emerging in the field. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruko Takahashi
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life Hiroshima University Higashi‐Hiroshima Hiroshima Japan
| | - Iva Sovadinova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - Kazuma Yasuhara
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology Nara Institute of Science and Technology Nara Japan
- Center for Digital Green‐Innovation Nara Institute of Science and Technology Nara Japan
| | - Satyavani Vemparala
- The Institute of Mathematical Sciences CIT Campus Chennai India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Training School Complex Mumbai India
| | - Gregory A. Caputo
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry Rowan University Glassboro New Jersey USA
| | - Kenichi Kuroda
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA
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Faucher SP, Matthews S, Nickzad A, Vounba P, Shetty D, Bédard É, Prévost M, Déziel E, Paranjape K. Toxoflavin secreted by Pseudomonas alcaliphila inhibits the growth of Legionella pneumophila and Vermamoeba vermiformis. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 216:118328. [PMID: 35364354 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Legionella pneumophila is a natural inhabitant of water systems. From there, it can be transmitted to humans by aerosolization resulting in severe pneumonia. Most large outbreaks are caused by cooling towers colonized with L. pneumophila. The resident microbiota of the cooling tower is a key determinant for the colonization and growth of L. pneumophila. In our preceding study, the genus Pseudomonas correlated negatively with the presence of L. pneumophila in cooling towers, but it was not clear which species was responsible. Therefore, we identified the Pseudomonas species inhabiting 14 cooling towers using a Pseudomonas-specific 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing strategy. We found that cooling towers that are free of L. pneumophila contained a high relative abundance of members from the Pseudomonas alcaliphila/oleovorans phylogenetic cluster. P. alcaliphila JCM 10630 inhibited the growth of L. pneumophila on agar plates. Analysis of the P. alcaliphila genome revealed the presence of a gene cluster predicted to produce toxoflavin. L. pneumophila growth was inhibited by pure toxoflavin and by extracts from P. alcaliphila culture found to contain toxoflavin by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. In addition, toxoflavin inhibits the growth of Vermameoba vermiformis, a host cell of L. pneumophila. Our study indicates that P. alcaliphila may be important to restrict growth of L. pneumophila in water systems through the production of toxoflavin. A sufficiently high concentration of toxoflavin is likely not achieved in the bulk water but might have a local inhibitory effect such as near or in biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien P Faucher
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Sara Matthews
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Arvin Nickzad
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Passoret Vounba
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Deeksha Shetty
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Émilie Bédard
- Department of Civil Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Michele Prévost
- Department of Civil Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Eric Déziel
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Kiran Paranjape
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Mikula P, Mlnaříková M, Nadres ET, Takahashi H, Babica P, Kuroda K, Bláha L, Sovadinová I. Synthetic Biomimetic Polymethacrylates: Promising Platform for the Design of Anti-Cyanobacterial and Anti-Algal Agents. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13071025. [PMID: 33810255 PMCID: PMC8036423 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive, uncontrolled growth of algae and cyanobacteria is an environmental, public health, economic, and technical issue in managing natural and engineered water systems. Synthetic biomimetic polymers have been almost exclusively considered antimicrobial alternatives to conventional antibiotics to treat human bacterial infections. Very little is known about their applicability in an aquatic environment. Here, we introduce synthetic biomimetic polymethacrylates (SBPs) as a cost-effective and chemically facile, flexible platform for designing a new type of agent suitable for controlling and mitigating photosynthetic microorganisms. Since SBPs are cationic and membranolytic in heterotrophic bacteria, we hypothesized they could also interact with negatively charged cyanobacterial or algal cell walls and membranes. We demonstrated that SBPs inhibited the growth of aquatic photosynthetic organisms of concern, i.e., cyanobacteria (Microcystis aeruginosa and Synechococcus elongatus) and green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Desmodesmus quadricauda), with 50% effective growth-inhibiting concentrations ranging between 95 nM and 6.5 μM. Additionally, SBPs exhibited algicidal effects on C. reinhardtii and cyanocidal effects on picocyanobacterium S. elongatus and microcystin-producing cyanobacterium M. aeruginosa. SBP copolymers, particularly those with moderate hydrophobic content, induced more potent cyanostatic and cyanocidal effects than homopolymers. Thus, biomimetic polymers are a promising platform for the design of anti-cyanobacterial and anti-algal agents for water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Přemysl Mikula
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 3, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.M.); (M.M.); (P.B.); (L.B.)
| | - Marie Mlnaříková
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 3, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.M.); (M.M.); (P.B.); (L.B.)
| | - Enrico T. Nadres
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (E.T.N.); (H.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Haruko Takahashi
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (E.T.N.); (H.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Pavel Babica
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 3, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.M.); (M.M.); (P.B.); (L.B.)
- Department of Experimental Phycology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Botany of the CAS, CZ-60200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kenichi Kuroda
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (E.T.N.); (H.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Luděk Bláha
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 3, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.M.); (M.M.); (P.B.); (L.B.)
| | - Iva Sovadinová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 3, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.M.); (M.M.); (P.B.); (L.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-549-494-738
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Di Pippo F, Di Gregorio L, Congestri R, Tandoi V, Rossetti S. Biofilm growth and control in cooling water industrial systems. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2019; 94:4935158. [PMID: 29596620 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix-embedded, surface-attached microbial communities, known as biofilms, profusely colonise industrial cooling water systems, where the availability of nutrients and organic matter favours rapid microbial proliferation and their adhesion to surfaces in the evaporative fill material, heat exchangers, water reservoir and cooling water sections and pipelines. The extensive growth of biofilms can promote micro-biofouling and microbially induced corrosion (MIC) as well as pose health problems associated with the presence of pathogens like Legionella pneumophila. This review examines critically biofilm occurrence in cooling water systems and the main factors potentially affecting biofilm growth, biodiversity and structure. A broad evaluation of the most relevant biofilm monitoring and control strategies currently used or potentially useful in cooling water systems is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Di Pippo
- CNR-IRSA, National Research Council, Water Research Institute, Via Salaria Km 29.300, Monterotondo 00015, Rome, Italy.,CNR-IAMC, National Research Council, Institute for Coastal Marine Environment, Località Sa Mardini, Torregrande, 09170 Oristano, Italy
| | - L Di Gregorio
- CNR-IRSA, National Research Council, Water Research Institute, Via Salaria Km 29.300, Monterotondo 00015, Rome, Italy.,University of Rome Tor Vergata, Department of Biology, Via Cracovia 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - R Congestri
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, Department of Biology, Via Cracovia 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - V Tandoi
- CNR-IRSA, National Research Council, Water Research Institute, Via Salaria Km 29.300, Monterotondo 00015, Rome, Italy
| | - S Rossetti
- CNR-IRSA, National Research Council, Water Research Institute, Via Salaria Km 29.300, Monterotondo 00015, Rome, Italy
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Di Gregorio L, Congestri R, Tandoi V, Neu TR, Rossetti S, Di Pippo F. Biofilm diversity, structure and matrix seasonality in a full-scale cooling tower. BIOFOULING 2018; 34:1093-1109. [PMID: 30663885 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2018.1541454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms commonly colonise cooling water systems, causing equipment damage and interference with the operational requirements of the systems. In this study, next-generation sequencing (NGS), catalysed reporter deposition fluorescence in situ hybridisation (CARD-FISH), lectin staining and microscopy were used to evaluate temporal dynamics in the diversity and structure of biofilms collected seasonally over one year from an open full-scale cooling tower. Water samples were analysed to evaluate the contribution of the suspended microorganisms to the biofilm composition and structure. Alphaproteobacteria dominated the biofilm communities along with Beta- and Gammaproteobacteria. The phototrophic components were mainly cyanobacteria, diatoms and green algae. Bacterial biodiversity decreased from winter to autumn, concurrently with an increase in cyanobacterial and microalgal richness. Differences in structure, spatial organisation and glycoconjugates were observed among assemblages during the year. Overall, microbial variation appeared to be mostly affected by irradiance and water temperature rather than the source of the communities. Variations in biofilms over seasons should be evaluated to develop specific control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Di Gregorio
- a CNR-IRSA , Water Research Institute , Rome , Italy
- b Department of Biology , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome , Italy
| | - R Congestri
- b Department of Biology , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome , Italy
| | - V Tandoi
- a CNR-IRSA , Water Research Institute , Rome , Italy
| | - T R Neu
- c Department of River Ecology , Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - S Rossetti
- a CNR-IRSA , Water Research Institute , Rome , Italy
| | - F Di Pippo
- a CNR-IRSA , Water Research Institute , Rome , Italy
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Mikula P, Mlnarikova M, Takahashi H, Babica P, Kuroda K, Blaha L, Sovadinova I. Branched Poly(ethylene imine)s as Anti-algal and Anti-cyanobacterial Agents with Selective Flocculation Behavior to Cyanobacteria over Algae. Macromol Biosci 2018; 18:e1800187. [PMID: 30156762 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene imine)s (PEIs) have been widely studied for biomedical applications, including antimicrobial agents against potential human pathogens. The interactions of branched PEIs (B-PEIs) with environmentally relevant microorganisms whose uncontrolled growth in natural or engineered environments causes health, economic, and technical issues in many sectors of water management are studied. B-PEIs are shown to be potent antimicrobials effective in controlling the growth of environmentally relevant algae and cyanobacteria with dual-functionality and selectivity. Not only did they effectively inhibit growth of both algae and cyanobacteria, mostly without causing cell death (static activity), but they also selectively flocculated cyanobacteria over algae. Thus, unmodified B-PEIs provide a cost-effective and chemically facile framework for the further development of effective and selective antimicrobial agents useful for control of growth and separation of algae and cyanobacteria in natural or engineered environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premysl Mikula
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX) Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Mlnarikova
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX) Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Haruko Takahashi
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Pavel Babica
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX) Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kenichi Kuroda
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ludek Blaha
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX) Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Sovadinova
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX) Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-62500, Brno, Czech Republic
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