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Abdullaev B, Alsaab HO, Hjazi A, Alkhafaji AT, Alawadi AH, Hamzah HF. The mechanisms behind the dual role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) metastasis suppressor-1 in human tumors: Shedding light on the molecular mechanisms. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 256:155189. [PMID: 38452581 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
When the expression levels of metastasis suppressor-1 (MTSS1) were discovered to be downregulated in a metastatic cancer cell line in 2002, it was proposed that MTSS1 functioned as a suppressor of metastasis. The 755 amino acid long protein MTSS1 connects to actin and organizes the cytoskeleton. Its gene is located on human chromosome 8q24. The suppressor of metastasis in metastatic cancer was first found to be MTSS1. Subsequent reports revealed that MTSS1 is linked to the prevention of metastasis in a variety of cancer types, including hematopoietic cancers like diffuse large B cell lymphoma and esophageal, pancreatic, and stomach cancers. Remarkably, conflicting results have also been documented. For instance, it has been reported that MTSS1 expression levels are elevated in a subset of melanomas, hepatocellular carcinoma associated with hepatitis B, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and lung squamous cell carcinoma. This article provides an overview of the pathological effects of lncRNA MTSS1 dysregulation in cancer. In order to facilitate the development of MTSS1-based therapeutic targeting, we also shed light on the current understanding of MTS1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bekhzod Abdullaev
- Research Department of Biotechnology, New Uzbekistan University, Mustaqillik Avenue 54, Tashkent 100007, Republic ofUzbekistan
| | - Hashem O Alsaab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Ahmed Hussien Alawadi
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Hamza Fadhel Hamzah
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
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2
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Klein M, Wermker K, Rashad A, Fischer HJ, Jonigk DD, Hölzle F, Cacchi C. A potential new biomarker in HNSCC: metastasis suppressor protein 1 (MTSS1). Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2024; 137:391-401. [PMID: 38443233 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2023.12.795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Metastasis suppressor protein 1 (MTSS1) is a prognostic tumour marker in different malignant epithelial tumour entities and previously mainly the MTSS1 expression was analysed. This study evaluated the best analysis method as a prognosis and aggressiveness tumour marker in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). STUDY DESIGN MTSS1 expression, MTSS1 intensity, interpretation MTSS1 score and MTSS1 edging score were analysed in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue slices of 60 patients with proven HNSCC and correlated with clinical and pathological outcome parameters. RESULTS A lack of MTSS1 expression showed tumour aggressiveness, but surprisingly, mainly MTSS1 intensity was correlated with a worse patient outcome. There was a significant correlation between higher MTSS1 intensity and an increased risk for lymph node metastasis (P = .027) and a significant increased risk for extracapsular growth (P = .016). Furthermore, disease-specific survival was worse in cases with higher MTSS1 intensity (P = .001). CONCLUSION MTSS1 intensity has a high scientific potential for further studies and could potentially be used as a prognostic marker in diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice Klein
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Kai Wermker
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Klinikum Osnabrück GmbH, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Ashkan Rashad
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Henrike J Fischer
- Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Danny D Jonigk
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany; German Center for Lung Research (DZL), BREATH Hanover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Frank Hölzle
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Claudio Cacchi
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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3
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Long Non-Coding RNAs in Pancreatic Cancer: Biologic Functions, Mechanisms, and Clinical Significance. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092115. [PMID: 35565245 PMCID: PMC9100048 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite tremendous efforts devoted to research in pancreatic cancer (PC), the mechanism underlying the tumorigenesis and progression of PC is still not completely clear. Additionally, ideal biomarkers and satisfactory therapeutic strategies for clinical application in PC are still lacking. Accumulating evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) might participate in the pathogenesis of diverse cancers, including PC. The abnormal expression of lncRNAs in PC is considered a vital factor during tumorigenesis that affects tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. With this review of relevant articles published in recent years, we aimed to summarize the biogenesis mechanism, classifications, and modes of action of lncRNAs and to review the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs in PC. Additionally, the clinical significance of lncRNAs in PC was discussed. Finally, we pointed out the questions remaining from recent studies and anticipated that further investigations would address these gaps in knowledge in this field.
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4
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Grandits AM, Nguyen CH, Schlerka A, Hackl H, Sill H, Etzler J, Heyes E, Stoiber D, Grebien F, Heller G, Wieser R. Downregulation of MTSS1 in acute myeloid leukemia is associated with a poor prognosis, chemotherapy resistance, and disease aggressiveness. Leukemia 2021; 35:2827-2839. [PMID: 33782537 PMCID: PMC8478650 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite recent approval of targeted drugs for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) therapy, chemotherapy with cytosine arabinoside and anthracyclines remains an important pillar of treatment. Both primary and secondary resistance are frequent and associated with poor survival, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms are incompletely understood. In previous work, we identified genes deregulated between diagnosis and relapse of AML, corresponding to therapy naïve and resistant states, respectively. Among them was MTSS1, whose downregulation is known to enhance aggressiveness of solid tumors. Here we show that low MTSS1 expression at diagnosis was associated with a poor prognosis in AML. MTSS1 expression was regulated by promoter methylation, and reduced by cytosine arabinoside and the anthracycline daunorubicin. Experimental downregulation of MTSS1 affected the expression of numerous genes. It induced the DNA damage response kinase WEE1, and rendered human AML cell lines more resistant to cytosine arabinoside, daunorubicin, and other anti-cancer drugs. Mtss1 knockdown in murine MLL-AF9-driven AML substantially decreased disease latency, and increased leukemic burden and ex vivo chemotherapy resistance. In summary, low MTSS1 expression represents a novel factor contributing to disease aggressiveness, therapy resistance, and poor outcome in AML.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anthracyclines/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- Cytarabine/administration & dosage
- Daunorubicin/administration & dosage
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Microfilament Proteins/genetics
- Microfilament Proteins/metabolism
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Prognosis
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Survival Rate
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Michael Grandits
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Chi Huu Nguyen
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Angela Schlerka
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hubert Hackl
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Heinz Sill
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Etzler
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elizabeth Heyes
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dagmar Stoiber
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Microbiology, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - Florian Grebien
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerwin Heller
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rotraud Wieser
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.
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5
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Liang L, Liang X, Jiang P, Zhou L, Zhong L, Wang M, Lin S, Guo Z, Yu J, Yang C, Chen Y, Zhuo C, Chen P, Wang Y. Metastasis suppressor 1 interacts with α-actinin 4 to affect its localization and regulate formation of membrane ruffling. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2021; 78:337-348. [PMID: 34435464 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Membrane ruffling plays an important role in the directed cell migration and escape of tumor cells from the monolayer. Metastasis suppressor 1 (MTSS1), also known as missing in metastasis, has been implicated in cell morphology, motility, metastasis, and development. Here, the dynamic interaction proteins associated with MTSS1 and involved in membrane ruffling were determined by cross-linking and mass spectrometry analysis. We identified α-actinin 4 (ACTN4) as an interacting protein and confirmed a direct interaction between MTSS1 and ACTN4. Moreover, co-expression of MTSS1 in fibroblasts recruited cytoplasmic ACTN4 to the cell periphery, at which point ruffling became thick and rigid. In MCF-7 cells, MTSS1 knockdown did not show an obvious effect on the cell shape or the distribution of endogenous ACTN4; however, ACTN4 overexpression transformed cell morphology from an epidermal- to a fibroblast-like shape, and further MTSS1 depletion significantly increased the ratio of fibroblast cells exhibiting prominent ruffling. Furthermore, biochemical data suggested that MTSS1 cross-linking with ACTN4 induced the formation of actin fiber bundles into more organized structures in vitro. These data indicated that MTSS1 might recruit cytoplasmic ACTN4 to the cell periphery and regulate cytoskeleton dynamics to restrict its performance in membrane ruffling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Liang
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoping Liang
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Luanluan Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Mei Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuyun Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhen Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Changcheng Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Chengjie Zhuo
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Ping Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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Grandits AM, Wieser R. Gene expression changes contribute to stemness and therapy resistance of relapsed acute myeloid leukemia: roles of SOCS2, CALCRL, MTSS1, and KDM6A. Exp Hematol 2021; 99:1-11. [PMID: 34029637 PMCID: PMC7612147 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Relapse is associated with therapy resistance and is a major cause of death in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It is thought to result from the accretion of therapy-refractory leukemic stem cells. Genetic and transcriptional changes that are recurrently gained at relapse are likely to contribute to the increased stemness and decreased therapy responsiveness at this disease stage. Despite the recent approval of several targeted drugs, chemotherapy with cytosine arabinoside and anthracyclines is still the mainstay of AML therapy. Accordingly, a number of studies have investigated genetic and gene expression changes between diagnosis and relapse of patients subjected to such treatment. Genetic alterations recurrently acquired at relapse were identified, but were restricted to small proportions of patients, and their functional characterization is still largely pending. In contrast, the expression of a substantial number of genes was altered consistently between diagnosis and recurrence of AML. Recent studies corroborated the roles of the upregulation of SOCS2 and CALCRL and of the downregulation of MTSS1 and KDM6A in therapy resistance and/or stemness of AML. These findings spur the assumption that functional investigations of genes consistently altered at recurrence of AML have the potential to promote the development of novel targeted drugs that may help to improve the outcome of this currently often fatal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Grandits
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rotraud Wieser
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.
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7
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Chen L, Chen Q, Wu Y, Zhu M, Hu J, Zhuang Z. MTSS1 inhibits colorectal cancer metastasis by regulating the CXCR4/CXCL12 signaling axis. Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:65. [PMID: 33649808 PMCID: PMC7952249 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is the most common site of metastasis for colorectal cancer (CRC). Metastasis suppressor 1 (MTSS1), a potential tumor suppressor gene associated with tumor metastasis, has been reported to play an important role in cancer development. The present study aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of MTSS1 on the biological behavior of CRC cells both in vitro and in vivo. A CRC mouse model with a high liver metastatic potential was established by injecting mice with SW1116 cells, and the association between MTSS1 expression levels and the metastatic potential of forming liver metastasis lesions was subsequently analyzed. MTSS1 gain‑ and loss‑of‑function experiments were performed by transfecting the CRC cell lines, SW1116 and DLD‑1, with Plvx‑IRES‑ZsGreen1‑MTSS1 plasmid and short hairpin RNA, respectively. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion and cell cycle distribution were analyzed by MTT, Transwell and flow cytometric assays, respectively. To further determine the underlying mechanisms of MTSS1 in CRC, the expression levels of cell surface chemokine C‑X‑C receptor 4 (CXCR4) and its downstream signaling factors, Rac and cell division cycle 42 (CDC42), were analyzed with or without C‑X‑C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) stimulation. The results revealed that as the CRC metastatic potential increased, the expression levels of MTSS1 decreased. The overexpression of MTSS1 exerted an inhibitory effect on cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while the knockdown of MTSS1 exerted the opposite effects in vitro. Flow cytometric analysis and western blot analysis demonstrated that MTSS1 negatively regulated the expression levels of cell surface CXCR4 and its downstream signaling pathway activation. On the whole, the results of the present study indicate that MTSS1 may play an important negative role in CRC metastasis and the underlying mechanisms may involve the downregulation of the CXCR4/CXCL12 signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Yongyou Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Minggao Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Jia Hu
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, College of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Zhixiang Zhuang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
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8
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Hu Y, Wang F, Xu F, Fang K, Fang Z, Shuai X, Cai K, Chen J, Hu P, Chen D, Xu P, Hu C, Zeng Z, Zhong J, Li W, Tang J, Huang M, Zhao Y, Wang C, Zhao G. A reciprocal feedback of Myc and lncRNA MTSS1-AS contributes to extracellular acidity-promoted metastasis of pancreatic cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:10120-10140. [PMID: 32929338 PMCID: PMC7481418 DOI: 10.7150/thno.49147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Previous studies have reported on the role of extracellular acidity in the metastasis of numerous cancers. However, the involvement of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in the extracellular acidity-induced cancer metastasis of pancreatic cancer (PC) remains unclear. Methods: Different expression levels of lncRNAs in PC cells under normal and acidic conditions were compared by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). The effects of antisense lncRNA of metastasis suppressor 1 (MTSS1-AS) on acidic PC cells were assessed by gain- and loss-of-function experiments. Fluorescence in situ hybridization, RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA pull-down, Western blot, luciferase reporter, and Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were employed to determine the regulatory mechanisms of MTSS1-AS in the acidity-induced metastasis of PC cells. The expression of MTSS1-AS and associated pathways were compared in PC samples and peritumoral normal tissues. Results: RNA-seq demonstrated that MTSS1-AS was significantly downregulated in pancreatic cells cultured with the acidic medium. The overexpression of MTSS1-AS remarkably inhibited the acidity-promoted metastasis of PC cells by upregulating the expression of its sense gene metastasis suppressor 1 (MTSS1). Mechanistically, MTSS1-AS scaffolded the interaction between E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase STIP1 homology and U-box containing protein 1 (STUB1) and transcription regulator myeloid zinc finger 1 (MZF1), leading to ubiquitination-mediated degradation of MZF1. Further, MZF1 inhibited the expression of MTSS1 by binding to the MTSS1 promoter. Thus, the acidity-reduced MTSS1-AS facilitated the stability of MZF1 and its inhibitory effect on MTSS1 transcription, thereby promoting the metastasis of PC cells under acidic conditions. Moreover, MTSS1-AS was transcriptionally repressed by the binding of MYC proto-oncogene (Myc) with initiator (Inr) elements of the MTSS1-AS promoter. Meanwhile, MTSS1-AS mutually repressed the expression of Myc by impairing the MZF1-mediated transcription activation of Myc, thereby forming a negative feedback loop between MTSS1-AS and Myc in acidic PC cells. In accordance with the experimental results, MTSS1-AS and MTSS1 were downregulated in PC and correlated with poor overall survival. Conclusions: The results implicated that a reciprocal feedback loop between Myc and MTSS1-AS contributed to the extracellular acidity-promoted metastasis of PC, and indicated that MTSS1-AS was a valuable biomarker and therapeutic target for PC.
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Yu J, Shen W, Gao B, Xu J, Gong B. Metastasis suppressor 1 acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in triple-negative breast cancer. Int J Biol Markers 2020; 35:74-81. [PMID: 32052679 DOI: 10.1177/1724600820905114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the function of metastasis suppressor 1 (MTSS1) in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). METHODS MTSS1 expression in 30 TNBC and paracancerous tissues was measured by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The prognostic value of MTSS1 was assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis followed by the log-rank test. MCF7 cells were transfected with si-MTSS1, while MDA-MB-231 cells were transfected with pcDNA3.1-MTSS1. Cell proliferation assay and transwell assay were performed to investigate the effects of MTSS1 on the biological behavior of breast cancer cells. Immunofluorescence and western blot were used to detect the influence of MTSS1 on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. RESULTS MTSS1 expression was significantly lower in TNBC tissues compared with that in paracancerous tissues (0.012 vs. 0.370; P = 0.006). A lower MTSS1 expression level was also found in tumor tissues of patients with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.002) or tumor node metastasis stage (P = 0.010). Patients with low expression of MTSS1 (⩽ 0.009) had shorter disease-free survival (47.4 vs. 56.0 months; P = 0.012). The knockdown of MTSS1 in MCF7 cells inhibited cell proliferation, enhanced cell migration and invasion capacities, decreased the E-cadherin level, and increased the vimentin level, whereas overexpression of MTSS1 in MDA-MB-231 cells had the opposite effects (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that MTSS1 regulates proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT in TNBC, and that decreased MTSS1 is associated with shorter disease-free survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinling Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Changning Maternity & Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Weida Shen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Changning Maternity & Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Beimin Gao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Changning Maternity & Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinping Xu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Changning Maternity & Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Gong
- Department of Laboratory, Shanghai Changning Maternity & Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Liu K, Jiao XD, Hao JL, Qin BD, Wu Y, Chen W, Liu J, He X, Zang YS. MTSS1 inhibits metastatic potential and induces G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in gastric cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:5143-5152. [PMID: 31303767 PMCID: PMC6612291 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s203165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Metastasis suppressor 1 (MTSS1), a potential metastasis suppressor gene associated with tumor progression, may play an important role in cancer development. Our previous study demonstrated that MTSS1 was downregulated significantly when gastric cancer (GC) progressed and metastasized, suggesting that MTSS1 may be involved in the physiopathologic mechanism of GC. Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of MTSS1 expression on the biological behavior of gastric cancer cell both in vitro and in vivo. Materials and methods: The gain-and-loss function of MTSS1 in GC cells were analyzed after transfection with pEGFP-N1-MTSS1 and ShRNA431. Proliferation and invasion abilities were measured by means of plate clone formation assay and transwell assay. To further explore the underlying mechanism of MTSS1-induced tumor restrain, cell cycle distribution was analyzed using flow cytometry. Results: The results revealed that overexpression of MTSS1 significantly reduced proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells in vivo and in vitro, while downregulation of MTSS1 had the opposite biological manifestations. Moreover, overexpression of MTSS1 induced accumulation of GC cells in G2/M phase, increased phosphorylated Cdc2 expression and decreased Cdc25C and cyclinB1 levels, suggesting MTSS1 could cause G2/M cell cycle arrest. Conclusion: Our data provided insight into an important role for MTSS1 in suppressing tumor cell proliferation, invasion and migration, indicating that MTSS, as a functional tumor suppressor in GC, could be a potential therapeutic target to prevent GC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dong Jiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie-Lu Hao
- Department of Nephrology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-Dong Qin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Sheng Zang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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11
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Zeleniak AE, Huang W, Fishel ML, Hill R. PTEN-Dependent Stabilization of MTSS1 Inhibits Metastatic Phenotype in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Neoplasia 2017; 20:12-24. [PMID: 29175021 PMCID: PMC5714254 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) presents at metastatic stage in over 50% of patients. With a survival rate of just 2.7% for patients presenting with distant disease, it is imperative to uncover novel mechanisms capable of suppressing metastasis in PDAC. Previously, we reported that the loss of metastasis suppressor protein 1 (MTSS1) in PDAC cells results in significant increase in cellular migration and invasion. Conversely, we also found that overexpressing MTSS1 in metastatic PDAC cell lines corresponds with not only decreased metastatic phenotype, but also greater overall survival. While it is known that MTSS1 is downregulated in late-stage PDAC, the mechanism behind that loss has not yet been elucidated. Here, we build off our previous findings to present a novel regulatory mechanism for the stabilization of MTSS1 via the tumor suppressor protein phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). We show that PTEN loss in PDAC cells results in a decrease in MTSS1 expression and increased metastatic potential. Additionally, we demonstrate that PTEN forms a complex with MTSS1 in order to stabilize and protect it from proteasomal degradation. Finally, we show that the inflammatory tumor microenvironment, which makes up over 90% of PDAC tumor bulk, is capable of downregulating PTEN expression through secretion of miRNA-23b, potentially uncovering a novel extrinsic mechanism of MTSS1 regulation. Collectively, these data offer new insight into the role and regulation of MTSS1in suppressing tumor cell invasion and migration and help shed light as to what molecular mechanisms could be leading to early cell dissemination in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann E Zeleniak
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN 46556, USA; Integrated Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN 46556, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN 46556, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN 46556, USA
| | - Melissa L Fishel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Pancreatic Cancer Signature Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Reginald Hill
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN 46556, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN 46556, USA.
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12
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Zeleniak AE, Huang W, Brinkman MK, Fishel ML, Hill R. Loss of MTSS1 results in increased metastatic potential in pancreatic cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:16473-16487. [PMID: 28146435 PMCID: PMC5369978 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a 5-year survival rate of 7%. This dismal prognosis is largely due to the inability to diagnose the disease before metastasis occurs. Tumor cell dissemination occurs early in PDAC. While it is known that inflammation facilitates this process, the underlying mechanisms responsible for this progression have not been fully characterized. Here, we functionally test the role of metastasis suppressor 1 (MTSS1) in PDAC. Despite evidence showing that MTSS1 could be important for regulating metastasis in many different cancers, its function in PDAC has not been studied. Here, we show that loss of MTSS1 leads to increased invasion and migration in PDAC cell lines. Moreover, PDAC cells treated with cancer-associated fibroblast-conditioned media also have increased metastatic potential, which is augmented by loss of MTSS1. Finally, overexpression of MTSS1 in PDAC cell lines leads to a loss of migratory potential in vitro and an increase in overall survival in vivo. Collectively, our data provide insight into an important role for MTSS1 in suppressing tumor cell invasion and migration driven by the tumor microenvironment and suggest that therapeutic strategies aimed at increasing MTSS1 levels may effectively slow the development of metastatic lesions, increasing survival of patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann E Zeleniak
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana, USA.,Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana, USA
| | - Mary K Brinkman
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana, USA
| | - Melissa L Fishel
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Pancreatic Cancer Signature Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Reginald Hill
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana, USA
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13
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Role of Akt2 in regulation of metastasis suppressor 1 expression and colorectal cancer metastasis. Oncogene 2017; 36:3104-3118. [PMID: 28068324 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Survival signaling is critical for the metastatic program of cancer cells. The current study investigated the role of Akt survival proteins in colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis and explored potential mechanisms of Akt-mediated metastasis regulation. Using an orthotopic implantation model in mice, which uniquely recapitulates the entire multistep process of CRC metastasis, combined with an inducible system of short hairpin RNA-mediated Akt isoform knockdown in human CRC cells, our studies confirm a role of Akt2 in CRC cell dissemination to distant organs in vivo. Akt2 deficiency profoundly inhibited the development of liver lesions in mice, whereas Akt1 had no effect under the experimental conditions used in the study. Array analysis of human metastatic genes identified the scaffolding protein metastasis suppressor 1 (MTSS1) as a novel Akt2-regulated gene. Inducible loss of Akt2 in CRC cells robustly upregulated MTSS1 at the messenger RNA and protein level, and the accumulated protein was functionally active as shown by its ability to engage an MTSS1-Src-cortactin inhibitory axis. MTSS1 expression led to a marked reduction in levels of functional cortacin (pcortactin Y421), an actin nucleation-promoting factor that has a crucial role in cancer cell invasion and metastasis. MTSS1 was also shown to mediate suppressive effects of Akt2 deficiency on CRC cell viability, survival, migration and actin polymerization in vitro. The relevance of these findings to human CRC is supported by analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and NCBI GEO data sets, which demonstrated inverse changes in expression of Akt2 and MTSS1 during CRC progression. Taken together, the data identify MTSS1 as a new Akt2-regulated gene, and point to suppression of MTSS1 as a key step in the metastasis-promoting effects of Akt2 in CRC cells.
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Li J, Chen Y, Guo X, Zhou L, Jia Z, Tang Y, Lin L, Liu W, Ren C. Inhibition of miR-15b decreases cell migration and metastasis in colorectal cancer. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:8765-73. [PMID: 26743779 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4396-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has a high prevalence and mortality rate. Biomarkers for predicting the recurrence of CRC are not clinically available. This study investigated the role of circulating miR-15b in the prediction of CRC recurrence and the associated mechanism. miR-15b levels in plasma and tissues were measured by real-time PCR. Metastasis suppressor-1 (MTSS1) and Klotho protein expression were detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Invasion and migration of CRC tumor cells were measured by transwell plates. Liver metastasis was established by intraspleen injection of HCT116 cells. Plasma miR-15b levels were significantly higher in CRC patients than in healthy controls, in CRC patients with metastasis than in CRC patients without metastasis, and in CRC patients with recurrence than in CRC patients without recurrence in the 5-year follow-up. miR-15b level in CRC tumors was significantly higher than that in peritumoral tissues. High plasma miR-15b level and negative MTSS1 and Klotho expression in tumor tissues significantly correlated with poor survival. Inhibition of miR-15b activity by adenovirus carrying antimiR-15b sequence significantly increased MTSS1 and Klotho protein expression and subsequently decreased colony formation ability, invasion, and migration of HCT116 cells in vitro and liver metastasis of HCT116 tumors in vivo. In conclusion, high abundance of circulating miR-15b correlated with tumor metastasis, recurrence, and poor patient prognosis through downregulation of MTSS1 and Klotho protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Hepatobiliary and Enteric Surgery Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiang Chen
- Hepatobiliary and Enteric Surgery Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiong Guo
- Hepatobiliary and Enteric Surgery Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Hepatobiliary and Enteric Surgery Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeming Jia
- Hepatobiliary and Enteric Surgery Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Tang
- Hepatobiliary and Enteric Surgery Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Lin
- Hepatobiliary and Enteric Surgery Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis of Chinese Ministry of Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Xiangya Road110, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiping Ren
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis of Chinese Ministry of Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Xiangya Road110, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, People's Republic of China.
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