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Xu J, Wen Z, She Y, Li M, Shen X, Zhi F, Wang S, Jiang Y. Comprehensive characterization of long QT syndrome-associated genes in cancer and development of a robust prognosis model. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e70094. [PMID: 39317949 PMCID: PMC11421991 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.70094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the leading public health problem worldwide. However, the side effects accompanying anti-cancer therapies, particularly those pertaining to cardiotoxicity and adverse cardiac events, have been the hindrances to treatment progress. Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is one of the major clinic manifestations of the anti-cancer drug associated cardiac dysfunction. Therefore, elucidating the relationship between the LQTS and cancer is urgently needed. Transcriptomic sequencing data and clinic information of 10,531 patients diagnosed with 33 types of cancer was acquired from TCGA database. A pan-cancer applicative gene prognostic model was constructed based on the LQTS gene signatures. Meanwhile, transcriptome data and clinical information from various cancer types were collected from the GEO database to validate the robustness of the prognostic model. Furthermore, the expression level of transcriptomes and multiple clinical features were integrated to construct a Nomo chart to optimize the prognosis model. The ssGSEA analysis was employed to analysis the correlation between the LQTS gene signatures, clinic features and cancer associated signalling pathways. Our findings revealed that patients with lower LQTS gene signatures enrichment levels exhibit a poorer prognosis. The correlation of enrichment levels with the typical pathways was observed in multiple cancers. Then, based on the 17 LQTS gene signatures, we construct a prognostic model through the machine-learning approaches. The results obtained from the validation datasets and training datasets indicated that our prognostic model can effectively predict patient outcomes across diverse cancer types. Finally, we integrated this model with clinical features into a nomogram, demonstrating its potential as a valuable prognostic tool for cancer patients. Our study sheds light on the intricate relationship between LQTS and cancer pathways. A LQTS feature based clinic decision tool was developed aiming to enhance precision treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jincheng Xu
- Department of Pharmacology (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, the State‐Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine‐Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of PharmacyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Zhengchao Wen
- Department of Pharmacology (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, the State‐Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine‐Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of PharmacyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Yongtao She
- Cardiology DepartmentThe First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Maohao Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and TechnologyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Xiuyun Shen
- Department of Pharmacology (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, the State‐Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine‐Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of PharmacyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Fengnan Zhi
- Department of Pharmacology (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, the State‐Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine‐Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of PharmacyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Shu Wang
- Cardiology DepartmentThe First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Yanan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, the State‐Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine‐Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of PharmacyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
- Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern ChinaHeilongjiang Academy of Medical SciencesHarbinChina
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Soboska K, Kusiński M, Pawelczyk K, Migdalska-Sęk M, Brzeziańska-Lasota E, Czarnecka-Chrebelska KH. Expression of RASSF1A, DIRAS3, and AKAP9 Genes in Thyroid Lesions: Implications for Differential Diagnosis and Prognosis of Thyroid Carcinomas. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:562. [PMID: 38203733 PMCID: PMC10778957 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid carcinoma is the primary endocrine malignancy worldwide. The preoperative examination of thyroid tissue lesion is often unclear. Approximately 25% of thyroid cancers cannot be diagnosed definitively without post-surgery histopathological examination. The assessment of diagnostic and differential markers of thyroid cancers is needed to improve preoperative diagnosis and reduce unnecessary treatments. Here, we assessed the expression of RASSF1A, DIRAS3, and AKAP9 genes, and the presence of BRAF V600E point mutation in benign and malignant thyroid lesions in a Polish cohort (120 patients). We have also performed a comparative analysis of gene expression using data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (307 samples). The expression of RASSF1A and DIRAS3 was decreased, whereas AKAP9's was increased in pathologically changed thyroid compared with normal thyroid tissue, and significantly correlated with e.g., histopathological type of lesion papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) vs follicular thyroid cancer (FTC), patient's age, tumour stage, or its encapsulation. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis for the more aggressive FTC subtype differential marker suggests value in estimating RASSF1A and AKAP9 expression, with their area under curve (AUC), specificity, and sensitivity at 0.743 (95% CI: 0.548-0.938), 82.2%, and 66.7%; for RASSF1A, and 0.848 (95% CI: 0.698-0.998), 54.8%, and 100%, for AKAP9. Our research gives new insight into the basis of the aggressiveness and progression of thyroid cancers, and provides information on potential differential markers that may improve preoperative diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Soboska
- Department of Biomedicine and Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Str. Pomorska, 92-213 Lodz, Poland (M.M.-S.)
- Department of Oncobiology and Epigenetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Michał Kusiński
- Department of Endocrine, General and Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 62 Str. Pabianicka, 93-513 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Karol Pawelczyk
- Department of Biomedicine and Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Str. Pomorska, 92-213 Lodz, Poland (M.M.-S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Av. Kościuszki 4, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Monika Migdalska-Sęk
- Department of Biomedicine and Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Str. Pomorska, 92-213 Lodz, Poland (M.M.-S.)
| | - Ewa Brzeziańska-Lasota
- Department of Biomedicine and Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Str. Pomorska, 92-213 Lodz, Poland (M.M.-S.)
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A-Kinase Anchoring Protein 9 Promotes Gastric Cancer Progression as a Downstream Effector of Cadherin 1. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:2830634. [PMID: 36317124 PMCID: PMC9617730 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2830634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Genetic studies identified a dozen of frequently mutated genes in gastric cancer, such as cadherin 1 (CDH1) and A-kinase anchoring protein 9 (AKAP9). Of note, genetic alterations including depletion and amplification frameshift mutations of AKAP9 have been observed in 10–15% of gastric cancer patients. However, it is unknown of the expression and role of AKAP9 in gastric cancer. This study is aimed to characterize the expression and function of AKAP9 in gastric cancer. Methods Using qRT-PCR, we analyzed the mRNA levels of AKAP9 in gastric cancer patient samples. We investigated the role of AKAP9 in gastric cancer by performing cell proliferation assay, transwell assay, and mouse xenograft assay. Results AKAP9 was upregulated in gastric cancer patients. Overexpression of AKAP9 promoted cell proliferation, migration, and gastric tumor growth. Loss of CDH1 elevated AKAP9 mRNA and protein levels. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that AKAP9 functions as an oncoprotein to promote gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration, and tumor growth. Moreover, we reveal a possible molecular link showing that AKAP9 is a critical effector downstream of CDH1 in gastric cancer.
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Integrated cohort of esophageal squamous cell cancer reveals genomic features underlying clinical characteristics. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5268. [PMID: 36071046 PMCID: PMC9452532 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32962-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) is the major pathologic type of esophageal cancer in Asian population. To systematically evaluate the mutational features underlying clinical characteristics, we establish the integrated dataset of ESCC-META that consists of 1930 ESCC genomes from 33 datasets. The data process pipelines lead to well homogeneity of this integrated cohort for further analysis. We identified 11 mutational signatures in ESCC, some of which are related to clinical features, and firstly detect the significant mutated hotspots in TGFBR2 and IRF2BPL. We screen the survival related mutational features and found some genes had different prognostic impacts between early and late stage, such as PIK3CA and NFE2L2. Based on the results, an applicable approach of mutational score is proposed and validated to predict prognosis in ESCC. As an open-sourced, quality-controlled and updating mutational landscape, the ESCC-META dataset could facilitate further genomic and translational study in this field.
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Chang KW, Lin CE, Tu HF, Chung HY, Chen YF, Lin SC. Establishment of a p53 Null Murine Oral Carcinoma Cell Line and the Identification of Genetic Alterations Associated with This Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249354. [PMID: 33302499 PMCID: PMC7764333 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), ranks sixth in cancer incidence worldwide. To generate OSCC cells lines from human or murine tumors, greatly facilitates investigations into OSCC. This study describes the establishing of a mouse palatal carcinoma cell line (designated MPC-1) from a spontaneous tumor present in a heterozygous p53 gene loss C57BL/6 mouse. A MPC-1-GFP cell subclone was then generated by lentivirus infection resulting in stable expression of green fluorescent protein. Assays indicated that MPC-1 was a p53 null polygonal cell that was positive for keratinocyte markers; it also expressed vimentin and showed a loss of E-cadherin expression. Despite that MPC-1 having strong proliferation and colony formation capabilities, the potential for anchorage independent growth and tumorigenesis was almost absent. Like other murine MOC-L and MTCQ cell line series we have previously established, MPC-1 also expresses a range of stemness markers, various oncogenic proteins, and a number of immune checkpoint proteins at high levels. However, the synergistic effects of the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib on other therapeutic drugs were not observed with MPC-1. Whole exon sequencing revealed that there were high rates of non-synonymous mutations in MPC-1 affecting various genes, including Akap9, Arap2, Cdh11, Hjurp, Mroh2a, Muc4, Muc6, Sp110, and Sp140, which are similar to that the mutations present in a panel of chemical carcinogenesis-related murine tongue carcinoma cell lines. Analysis has highlighted the dis-regulation of Akap9, Cdh11, Muc4, Sp110, and Sp140 in human HNSCC as indicated by the TCGA and GEO OSCC databases. Sp140 expression has also been associated with patient survival. This study describes the establishment and characterization of the MPC-1 cell line and this new cell model should help to advance genetic research into oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Wei Chang
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (K.-W.C.); (C.-E.L.); (H.-Y.C.); (Y.-F.C.)
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;
- Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Chia-En Lin
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (K.-W.C.); (C.-E.L.); (H.-Y.C.); (Y.-F.C.)
| | - Hsi-Feng Tu
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;
| | - Hsin-Yao Chung
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (K.-W.C.); (C.-E.L.); (H.-Y.C.); (Y.-F.C.)
| | - Yi-Fen Chen
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (K.-W.C.); (C.-E.L.); (H.-Y.C.); (Y.-F.C.)
| | - Shu-Chun Lin
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (K.-W.C.); (C.-E.L.); (H.-Y.C.); (Y.-F.C.)
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;
- Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Hodkinson BP, Schaffer M, Brody JD, Jurczak W, Carpio C, Ben-Yehuda D, Avivi I, Forslund A, Özcan M, Alvarez J, Ceulemans R, Fourneau N, Younes A, Balasubramanian S. Biomarkers of response to ibrutinib plus nivolumab in relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, or Richter's transformation. Transl Oncol 2020; 14:100977. [PMID: 33395752 PMCID: PMC7723809 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers of response to ibrutinib + nivolumab were analyzed in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma and Richter transformation. DLBCL patients with elevated PD-L1 by immunohistochemistry tended to have better response and survival. Whole exome sequencing identified gene mutations in alternate B-cell receptor pathways linked to response in DLBCL. Enriched pathways by gene expression profiling were related to immune activation in responders and proliferation/replication in nonresponders. This preliminary work may help to generate hypotheses on genetically defined subsets of patients most likely to benefit from ibrutinib + nivolumab.
We analyzed potential biomarkers of response to ibrutinib plus nivolumab in biopsies from patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), and Richter's transformation (RT) from the LYM1002 phase I/IIa study, using programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunohistochemistry, whole exome sequencing (WES), and gene expression profiling (GEP). In DLBCL, PD-L1 elevation was more frequent in responders versus nonresponders (5/8 [62.5%] vs. 3/16 [18.8%]; p = 0.065; complete response 37.5% vs. 0%; p = 0.028). Overall response rates for patients with WES and GEP data, respectively, were: DLBCL (38.5% and 29.6%); FL (46.2% and 43.5%); RT (76.5% and 81.3%). In DLBCL, WES analyses demonstrated that mutations in RNF213 (40.0% vs. 6.2%; p = 0.055), KLHL14 (30.0% vs. 0%; p = 0.046), and LRP1B (30.0% vs. 6.2%; p = 0.264) were more frequent in responders. No responders had mutations in EBF1, ADAMTS20, AKAP9, TP53, MYD88, or TNFRSF14, while the frequency of these mutations in nonresponders ranged from 12.5% to 18.8%. In FL and RT, genes with different mutation frequencies in responders versus nonresponders were: BCL2 (75.0% vs. 28.6%; p = 0.047) and ROS1 (0% vs. 50.0%; p = 0.044), respectively. Per GEP, the most upregulated genes in responders were LEF1 and BTLA (overall), and CRTAM (germinal center B-cell–like DLBCL). Enriched pathways were related to immune activation in responders and resistance-associated proliferation/replication in nonresponders. This preliminary work may help to generate hypotheses regarding genetically defined subsets of DLBCL, FL, and RT patients most likely to benefit from ibrutinib plus nivolumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan P Hodkinson
- Oncology Translational Research, Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, PA 19477, United States
| | - Michael Schaffer
- Oncology Translational Research, Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, PA 19477, United States
| | - Joshua D Brody
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Wojciech Jurczak
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Krakow, 31-115, Poland
| | - Cecilia Carpio
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Department of Medicine. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Vall d'Hebron Institut of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dina Ben-Yehuda
- Department of Hematology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Irit Avivi
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Ann Forslund
- Oncology Biomarkers, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, NJ 08543, United States
| | - Muhit Özcan
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - John Alvarez
- Oncology Translational Research, Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, PA 19477, United States
| | - Rob Ceulemans
- Translational Medicine, Janssen Research & Development, Beerse 2340, Belgium
| | - Nele Fourneau
- Translational Medicine, Janssen Research & Development, Beerse 2340, Belgium
| | - Anas Younes
- Lymphoma Department, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Sriram Balasubramanian
- Oncology Translational Research, Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, PA 19477, United States.
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Lin Y, Tang Q, Li Y, He M, Jin L, Ma J, Wang X, Long K, Huang Z, Li X, Gu Y, Li M. Genomic analyses provide insights into breed-of-origin effects from purebreds on three-way crossbred pigs. PeerJ 2019; 7:e8009. [PMID: 31737448 PMCID: PMC6855203 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Crossbreeding is widely used aimed at improving crossbred performance for poultry and livestock. Alleles that are specific to different purebreds will yield a large number of heterozygous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in crossbred individuals, which are supposed to have the power to alter gene function or regulate gene expression. For pork production, a classic three-way crossbreeding system of Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire) (DLY) is generally used to produce terminal crossbred pigs with stable and prominent performance. Nonetheless, little is known about the breed-of-origin effects from purebreds on DLY pigs. In this study, we first estimated the distribution of heterozygous SNPs in three kinds of three-way crossbred pigs via whole genome sequencing data originated from three purebreds. The result suggested that DLY is a more effective strategy for three-way crossbreeding as it could yield more stably inherited heterozygous SNPs. We then sequenced a DLY pig family and identified 95, 79, 132 and 42 allele-specific expression (ASE) genes in adipose, heart, liver and skeletal muscle, respectively. Principal component analysis and unrestricted clustering analyses revealed the tissue-specific pattern of ASE genes, indicating the potential roles of ASE genes for development of DLY pigs. In summary, our findings provided a lot of candidate SNP markers and ASE genes for DLY three-way crossbreeding system, which may be valuable for pig breeding and production in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lin
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianzi Tang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mengnan He
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Long Jin
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jideng Ma
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xun Wang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Keren Long
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuewei Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiren Gu
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Bettoni F, Masotti C, Corrêa BR, Donnard E, Dos Santos FF, São Julião GP, Vailati BB, Habr-Gama A, Galante PAF, Perez RO, Camargo AA. The Effects of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer-The Impact in Intratumoral Heterogeneity. Front Oncol 2019; 9:974. [PMID: 31612112 PMCID: PMC6776613 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Intratumoral genetic heterogeneity (ITGH) is a common feature of solid tumors. However, little is known about the effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT) in ITGH of rectal tumors that exhibit poor response to nCRT. Here, we examined the impact of nCRT in the mutational profile and ITGH of rectal tumors and its adjacent irradiated normal mucosa in the setting of incomplete response to nCRT. Methods and Materials: To evaluate ITGH in rectal tumors, we analyzed whole-exome sequencing (WES) data from 79 tumors obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We also compared matched peripheral blood cells, irradiated normal rectal mucosa and pre and post-treatment tumor samples (PRE-T and POS-T) from one individual to examine the iatrogenic effects of nCRT. Finally, we performed WES of 7 PRE-T/POST-T matched samples to examine how nCRT affects ITGH. ITGH was assessed by quantifying subclonal mutations within individual tumors using the Mutant-Allele Tumor Heterogeneity score (MATH score). Results: Rectal tumors exhibit remarkable ITGH that is ultimately associated with disease stage (MATH score stage I/II 35.54 vs. stage III/IV 44.39, p = 0.047) and lymph node metastasis (MATH score N0 35.87 vs. N+ 45.79, p = 0.026). We also showed that nCRT does not seem to introduce detectable somatic mutations in the irradiated mucosa. Comparison of PRE-T and POST-T matched samples revealed a significant increase in ITGH in 5 out 7 patients and MATH scores were significantly higher after nCRT (median 41.7 vs. 28.8, p = 0.04). Finally, we were able to identify a subset of “enriched mutations” with significant changes in MAFs between PRE-T and POST-T samples. These “enriched mutations” were significantly more frequent in POST-T compared to PRE-T samples (92.9% vs. 7.1% p < 0.00001) and include mutations in genes associated with genetic instability and drug resistance in colorectal cancer, indicating the expansion of tumor cell subpopulations more prone to resist to nCRT. Conclusions: nCRT increases ITGH and may result in the expansion of resistant tumor cell populations in residual tumors. The risk of introducing relevant somatic mutations in the adjacent mucosa is minimal but non-responsive tumors may have potentially worse biological behavior when compared to their untreated counterparts. This was an exploratory study, and due to the limited number of samples analyzed, our results need to be validated in larger cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anamaria A Camargo
- Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, São Paulo, Brazil
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9
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Suryavanshi SV, Jadhav SM, McConnell BK. Polymorphisms/Mutations in A-Kinase Anchoring Proteins (AKAPs): Role in the Cardiovascular System. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2018; 5:E7. [PMID: 29370121 PMCID: PMC5872355 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd5010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) belong to a family of scaffolding proteins that bind to protein kinase A (PKA) by definition and a variety of crucial proteins, including kinases, phosphatases, and phosphodiesterases. By scaffolding these proteins together, AKAPs build a "signalosome" at specific subcellular locations and compartmentalize PKA signaling. Thus, AKAPs are important for signal transduction after upstream activation of receptors ensuring accuracy and precision of intracellular PKA-dependent signaling pathways. Since their discovery in the 1980s, AKAPs have been studied extensively in the heart and have been proven essential in mediating cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-PKA signaling. Although expression of AKAPs in the heart is very low, cardiac-specific knock-outs of several AKAPs have a noteworthy cardiac phenotype. Moreover, single nucleotide polymorphisms and genetic mutations in crucial cardiac proteins play a substantial role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Despite the significant role of AKAPs in the cardiovascular system, a limited amount of research has focused on the role of genetic polymorphisms and/or mutations in AKAPs in increasing the risk of CVDs. This review attempts to overview the available literature on the polymorphisms/mutations in AKAPs and their effects on human health with a special focus on CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh V Suryavanshi
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
| | - Shweta M Jadhav
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
| | - Bradley K McConnell
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
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10
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Reggi E, Diviani D. The role of A-kinase anchoring proteins in cancer development. Cell Signal 2017; 40:143-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Kondelin J, Gylfe AE, Lundgren S, Tanskanen T, Hamberg J, Aavikko M, Palin K, Ristolainen H, Katainen R, Kaasinen E, Taipale M, Taipale J, Renkonen-Sinisalo L, Järvinen H, Böhm J, Mecklin JP, Vahteristo P, Tuupanen S, Aaltonen LA, Pitkänen E. Comprehensive Evaluation of Protein Coding Mononucleotide Microsatellites in Microsatellite-Unstable Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Res 2017; 77:4078-4088. [PMID: 28611049 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-0682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 15% of colorectal cancers exhibit microsatellite instability (MSI), which leads to accumulation of large numbers of small insertions and deletions (indels). Genes that provide growth advantage to cells via loss-of-function mutations in microsatellites are called MSI target genes. Several criteria to define these genes have been suggested, one of them being simple mutation frequency. Microsatellite mutation rate, however, depends on the length and nucleotide context of the microsatellite. Therefore, assessing the general impact of mismatch repair deficiency on the likelihood of mutation events is paramount when following this approach. To identify MSI target genes, we developed a statistical model for the somatic background indel mutation rate of microsatellites to assess mutation significance. Exome sequencing data of 24 MSI colorectal cancers revealed indels at 54 million mononucleotide microsatellites of three or more nucleotides in length. The top 105 microsatellites from 71 genes were further analyzed in 93 additional MSI colorectal cancers. Mutation significance and estimated clonality of mutations determined the most likely MSI target genes to be the aminoadipate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase AASDH and the solute transporter SLC9A8 Our findings offer a systematic profiling of the somatic background mutation rate in protein-coding mononucleotide microsatellites, allowing a full cataloging of the true targets of MSI in colorectal cancer. Cancer Res; 77(15); 4078-88. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Kondelin
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alexandra E Gylfe
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sofie Lundgren
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tomas Tanskanen
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jiri Hamberg
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mervi Aavikko
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kimmo Palin
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki Ristolainen
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riku Katainen
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eevi Kaasinen
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Minna Taipale
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.,Science for Life Center, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jussi Taipale
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.,Science for Life Center, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Laura Renkonen-Sinisalo
- Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki Järvinen
- Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jan Böhm
- Department of Pathology, Jyväskylä Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jukka-Pekka Mecklin
- Department of Surgery, Jyväskylä Central Hospital, University of Eastern Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Pia Vahteristo
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sari Tuupanen
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lauri A Aaltonen
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Esa Pitkänen
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. .,Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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12
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Pandya C, Uzilov AV, Bellizzi J, Lau CY, Moe AS, Strahl M, Hamou W, Newman LC, Fink MY, Antipin Y, Yu W, Stevenson M, Cavaco BM, Teh BT, Thakker RV, Morreau H, Schadt EE, Sebra R, Li SD, Arnold A, Chen R. Genomic profiling reveals mutational landscape in parathyroid carcinomas. JCI Insight 2017; 2:e92061. [PMID: 28352668 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.92061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is an extremely rare malignancy lacking effective therapeutic intervention. We generated and analyzed whole-exome sequencing data from 17 patients to identify somatic and germline genetic alterations. A panel of selected genes was sequenced in a 7-tumor expansion cohort. We show that 47% (8 of 17) of the tumors harbor somatic mutations in the CDC73 tumor suppressor, with germline inactivating variants in 4 of the 8 patients. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway was altered in 21% of the 24 cases, revealing a major oncogenic pathway in PC. We observed CCND1 amplification in 29% of the 17 patients, and a previously unreported recurrent mutation in putative kinase ADCK1. We identified the first sporadic PCs with somatic mutations in the Wnt canonical pathway, complementing previously described epigenetic mechanisms mediating Wnt activation. This is the largest genomic sequencing study of PC, and represents major progress toward a full molecular characterization of this rare malignancy to inform improved and individualized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetanya Pandya
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andrew V Uzilov
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Justin Bellizzi
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Chun Yee Lau
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Aye S Moe
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Maya Strahl
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Wissam Hamou
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Leah C Newman
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marc Y Fink
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yevgeniy Antipin
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Willie Yu
- Center for Computational Biology, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Mark Stevenson
- Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Branca M Cavaco
- Molecular Endocrinology Group, Molecular Pathobiology Research Centre Unit (UIPM) of the Portuguese Institute of Oncology from Lisbon Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Bin T Teh
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Rajesh V Thakker
- Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hans Morreau
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eric E Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert Sebra
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shuyu D Li
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andrew Arnold
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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