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Zdarta J, Kołodziejczak-Radzimska A, Bachosz K, Rybarczyk A, Bilal M, Iqbal HMN, Buszewski B, Jesionowski T. Nanostructured supports for multienzyme co-immobilization for biotechnological applications: Achievements, challenges and prospects. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 315:102889. [PMID: 37030261 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The synergistic combination of current biotechnological and nanotechnological research has turned to multienzyme co-immobilization as a promising concept to design biocatalysis engineering. It has also intensified the development and deployment of multipurpose biocatalysts, for instance, multienzyme co-immobilized constructs, via biocatalysis/protein engineering to scale-up and fulfil the ever-increasing industrial demands. Considering the characteristic features of both the loaded multienzymes and nanostructure carriers, i.e., selectivity, specificity, stability, resistivity, induce activity, reaction efficacy, multi-usability, high catalytic turnover, optimal yield, ease in recovery, and cost-effectiveness, multienzyme-based green biocatalysts have become a powerful norm in biocatalysis/protein engineering sectors. In this context, the current state-of-the-art in enzyme engineering with a synergistic combination of nanotechnology, at large, and nanomaterials, in particular, are significantly contributing and providing robust tools to engineer and/or tailor enzymes to fulfil the growing catalytic and contemporary industrial needs. Considering the above critics and unique structural, physicochemical, and functional attributes, herein, we spotlight important aspects spanning across prospective nano-carriers for multienzyme co-immobilization. Further, this work comprehensively discuss the current advances in deploying multienzyme-based cascade reactions in numerous sectors, including environmental remediation and protection, drug delivery systems (DDS), biofuel cells development and energy production, bio-electroanalytical devices (biosensors), therapeutical, nutraceutical, cosmeceutical, and pharmaceutical oriented applications. In conclusion, the continuous developments in nano-assembling the multienzyme loaded co-immobilized nanostructure carriers would be a unique way that could act as a core of modern biotechnological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Kołodziejczak-Radzimska
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Karolina Bachosz
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Rybarczyk
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Bogusław Buszewski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland; Interdisciplinary Centre of Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Teofil Jesionowski
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
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Kabir MH, Marquez E, Djokoto G, Parker M, Weinstein T, Ghann W, Uddin J, Ali MM, Alam MM, Thompson M, Poyraz AS, Msimanga HZ, Rahman MM, Rulison M, Cramer J. Energy Harvesting by Mesoporous Reduced Graphene Oxide Enhanced the Mediator-Free Glucose-Powered Enzymatic Biofuel Cell for Biomedical Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:24229-24244. [PMID: 35594363 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c25211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Harnessing electrochemical energy in an engineered electrical circuit from biochemical substrates in the human body using biofuel cells is gaining increasing research attention in the current decade due to the wide range of biomedical possibilities it creates for electronic devices. In this report, we describe and characterize the construction of just such an enzymatic biofuel cell (EBFC). It is simple, mediator-free, and glucose-powered, employing only biocompatible materials. A novel feature is the two-dimensional mesoporous thermally reduced graphene oxide (rGO) host electrode. An additionally novelty is that we explored the potential of using biocompatible, low-cost filter paper (FP) instead of carbon paper, a conductive polymer, or gold as support for the host electrode. Using glucose (C6H12O6) and molecular oxygen (O2) as the power-generating fuel, the cell consists of a pair of bioelectrodes incorporating immobilized enzymes, the bioanode modified by rGO-glucose oxidase (GOx/rGO), and the biocathode modified by rGO-laccase (Lac/rGO). Scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), transmission electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy techniques have been employed to investigate the surface morphology, defects, and chemical structure of rGO, GOx/rGO, and Lac/rGO. N2 sorption, SEM/EDX, and powder X-ray diffraction revealed a high Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area (179 m2 g-1) mesoporous rGO structure with the high C/O ratio of 80:1 as well. Results from the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies indicated that GOx remained in its native biochemical functional form upon being embedded onto the rGO matrix. Cyclic voltammetry studies showed that the presence of mesoporous rGO greatly enhanced the direct electrochemistry and electrocatalytic properties of the GOx/rGO and Lac/rGO nanocomposites. The electron transfer rate constant between GOx and rGO was estimated to be 2.14 s-1. The fabricated EBFC (GOx/rGO/FP-Lac/rGO/FP) using a single GOx/rGO/FP bioanode and a single Lac/rGO/FP biocathode provides a maximum power density (Pmax) of 4.0 nW cm-2 with an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.04 V and remains stable for more than 15 days with a power output of ∼9.0 nW cm-2 at a pH of 7.4 under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Humayun Kabir
- Department of Chemistry and Occupational Health Science, University of North Alabama, Florence, Alabama 35632, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, Georgia 30144, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Oglethorpe University, Atlanta, Georgia 30319, United States
| | - Erik Marquez
- Department of Chemistry, Oglethorpe University, Atlanta, Georgia 30319, United States
| | - Grace Djokoto
- Department of Chemistry, Oglethorpe University, Atlanta, Georgia 30319, United States
| | - Maurice Parker
- Department of Chemistry, Oglethorpe University, Atlanta, Georgia 30319, United States
| | - Talia Weinstein
- Department of Chemistry, Oglethorpe University, Atlanta, Georgia 30319, United States
| | - William Ghann
- Center for Nanotechnology, Department of Natural Sciences, Coppin State University, Baltimore, Maryland 21216, United States
| | - Jamal Uddin
- Center for Nanotechnology, Department of Natural Sciences, Coppin State University, Baltimore, Maryland 21216, United States
| | - Meser M Ali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | | | - Max Thompson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, Georgia 30144, United States
| | - Altug S Poyraz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, Georgia 30144, United States
| | - Huggins Z Msimanga
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, Georgia 30144, United States
| | - Mohammed M Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael Rulison
- Department of Physics, Oglethorpe University, Atlanta, Georgia 30319, United States
| | - John Cramer
- Department of Physics, Oglethorpe University, Atlanta, Georgia 30319, United States
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Yu S, Myung NV. Recent Advances in the Direct Electron Transfer-Enabled Enzymatic Fuel Cells. Front Chem 2021; 8:620153. [PMID: 33644003 PMCID: PMC7902792 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.620153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct electron transfer (DET), which requires no mediator to shuttle electrons from enzyme active site to the electrode surface, minimizes complexity caused by the mediator and can further enable miniaturization for biocompatible and implantable devices. However, because the redox cofactors are typically deeply embedded in the protein matrix of the enzymes, electrons generated from oxidation reaction cannot easily transfer to the electrode surface. In this review, methods to improve the DET rate for enhancement of enzymatic fuel cell performances are summarized, with a focus on the more recent works (past 10 years). Finally, progress on the application of DET-enabled EFC to some biomedical and implantable devices are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nosang V. Myung
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
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Lo Dico G, Wicklein B, Lisuzzo L, Lazzara G, Aranda P, Ruiz-Hitzky E. Multicomponent bionanocomposites based on clay nanoarchitectures for electrochemical devices. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:1303-1315. [PMID: 31293867 PMCID: PMC6604714 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Based on the unique ability of defibrillated sepiolite (SEP) to form stable and homogeneous colloidal dispersions of diverse types of nanoparticles in aqueous media under ultrasonication, multicomponent conductive nanoarchitectured materials integrating halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and chitosan (CHI) have been developed. The resulting nanohybrid suspensions could be easily formed into films or foams, where each individual component plays a critical role in the biocomposite: HNTs act as nanocontainers for bioactive species, GNPs provide electrical conductivity (enhanced by doping with MWCNTs) and, the CHI polymer matrix introduces mechanical and membrane properties that are of key significance for the development of electrochemical devices. The resulting characteristics allow for a possible application of these active elements as integrated multicomponent materials for advanced electrochemical devices such as biosensors and enzymatic biofuel cells. This strategy can be regarded as an "a la carte" menu, where the selection of the nanocomponents exhibiting different properties will determine a functional set of predetermined utility with SEP maintaining stable colloidal dispersions of different nanoparticles and polymers in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Lo Dico
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), c/Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze pad 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Bernd Wicklein
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), c/Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Lisuzzo
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze pad 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lazzara
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze pad 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Pilar Aranda
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), c/Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), c/Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Features of Glucose Oxidase Incorporation into Polyaniline-Cobaltous Oxalate Nano-complex. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-018-0986-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Jeerapan I, Ciui B, Martin I, Cristea C, Sandulescu R, Wang J. Fully edible biofuel cells. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:3571-3578. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00497h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the first example of edible energy harvesting biofuel cells, based solely on highly biocompatible and ingestible food materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itthipon Jeerapan
- Department of NanoEngineering
- University of California
- San Diego La Jolla
- USA
| | - Bianca Ciui
- Department of NanoEngineering
- University of California
- San Diego La Jolla
- USA
- Analytical Chemistry Department
| | - Ian Martin
- Department of NanoEngineering
- University of California
- San Diego La Jolla
- USA
| | | | | | - Joseph Wang
- Department of NanoEngineering
- University of California
- San Diego La Jolla
- USA
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Pakapongpan S, Tuantranont A, Poo-Arporn RP. Magnetic Nanoparticle-Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite as a Novel Bioelectrode for Mediatorless-Membraneless Glucose Enzymatic Biofuel Cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12882. [PMID: 29018210 PMCID: PMC5635112 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12417-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, an enzymatic biofuel cell (EBC) based on a membraneless and mediatorless glucose enzymatic fuel cell system was constructed for operation in physiological conditions (pH 7.0 and temperature 37 °C). The new platform EBC made of nanocomposite, including magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO), was used for the immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOD) as bioanode and bilirubin oxidase (BOD) as biocathode. The EBC bioelectrodes were fabricated without binder or adhesive agents for immobilized enzyme and the first EBC using superparamagnetic properties with Fe3O4 NPs has been reported. The performance of the EBC was evaluated with promising results. In EBC tests, the maximum power density of the EBC was 73.7 μW cm−2 and an open circuit voltage (OCV) as +0.63 V with 5 mM of glucose concentration for the physiological condition of humans. The Fe3O4-RGO nanocomposite offers remarkable enhancement in large surface areas, is a favorable environment for enzyme immobilization, and facilitates electron transfer between enzymes and electrode surfaces. Fe3O4 and RGO have been implied as new promising composite nanomaterials for immobilizing enzymes and efficient platforms due to their superparamagnetism properties. Thus, glucose EBCs could potentially be used as self-powered biosensors or electric power sources for biomedical device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saithip Pakapongpan
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand.,Thailand Organic and Printed Electronics Innovation Center, National Electronics and Computer Technology Center, NSTDA, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Adisorn Tuantranont
- Thailand Organic and Printed Electronics Innovation Center, National Electronics and Computer Technology Center, NSTDA, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Rungtiva P Poo-Arporn
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand.
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Jamshidinia Z, Mashayekhimazar F, Ahmadi M, Molaeirad A, Alijanianzadeh M, Janfaza S. Investigation of Direct and Mediated Electron Transfer of Laccase-Based Biocathode. J ELECTROCHEM SCI TE 2017. [DOI: 10.33961/jecst.2017.8.2.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Campbell AS, Jeong YJ, Geier SM, Koepsel RR, Russell AJ, Islam MF. Membrane/mediator-free rechargeable enzymatic biofuel cell utilizing graphene/single-wall carbon nanotube cogel electrodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:4056-4065. [PMID: 25643030 DOI: 10.1021/am507801x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs) utilize enzymes to convert chemical energy present in renewable biofuels into electrical energy and have shown much promise in the continuous powering of implantable devices. Currently, however, EBFCs are greatly limited in terms of power and operational stability with a majority of reported improvements requiring the inclusion of potentially toxic and unstable electron transfer mediators or multicompartment systems separated by a semipermeable membrane resulting in complicated setups. We report on the development of a simple, membrane/mediator-free EBFC utilizing novel electrodes of graphene and single-wall carbon nanotube cogel. These cogel electrodes had large surface area (∼ 800 m(2) g(-1)) that enabled high enzyme loading, large porosity for unhindered glucose transport and moderate electrical conductivity (∼ 0.2 S cm(-1)) for efficient charge collection. Glucose oxidase and bilirubin oxidase were physically adsorbed onto these electrodes to form anodes and cathodes, respectively, and the EBFC produced power densities up to 0.19 mW cm(-2) that correlated to 0.65 mW mL(-1) or 140 mW g(-1) of GOX with an open circuit voltage of 0.61 V. Further, the electrodes were rejuvenated by a simple wash and reloading procedure. We postulate these porous and ultrahigh surface area electrodes will be useful for biosensing applications, and will allow reuse of EBFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan S Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University , 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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10
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Zhao M, Gao Y, Sun J, Gao F. Mediatorless Glucose Biosensor and Direct Electron Transfer Type Glucose/Air Biofuel Cell Enabled with Carbon Nanodots. Anal Chem 2015; 87:2615-22. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhao
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular
Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing,
Laboratory of Optical Probes and Bioelectrocatalysis, College of Chemistry
and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Gao
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular
Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing,
Laboratory of Optical Probes and Bioelectrocatalysis, College of Chemistry
and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junyong Sun
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular
Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing,
Laboratory of Optical Probes and Bioelectrocatalysis, College of Chemistry
and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Gao
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular
Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing,
Laboratory of Optical Probes and Bioelectrocatalysis, College of Chemistry
and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, People’s Republic of China
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Campbell AS, Dong C, Meng F, Hardinger J, Perhinschi G, Wu N, Dinu CZ. Enzyme catalytic efficiency: a function of bio-nano interface reactions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:5393-403. [PMID: 24666280 DOI: 10.1021/am500773g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Biocatalyst immobilization onto carbon-based nanosupports has been implemented in a variety of applications ranging from biosensing to biotransformation and from decontamination to energy storage. However, retaining enzyme functionality at carbon-based nanosupports was challenged by the non-specific attachment of the enzyme as well as by the enzyme-enzyme interactions at this interface shown to lead to loss of enzyme activity. Herein, we present a systematic study of the interplay reactions that take place upon immobilization of three pure enzymes namely soybean peroxidase, chloroperoxidase, and glucose oxidase at carbon-based nanosupport interfaces. The immobilization conditions involved both single and multipoint single-type enzyme attachment onto single and multi-walled carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide nanomaterials with properties determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Our analysis showed that the different surface properties of the enzymes as determined by their molecular mapping and size work synergistically with the carbon-based nanosupports physico-chemical properties (i.e., surface chemistry, charge and aspect ratios) to influence enzyme catalytic behavior and activity at nanointerfaces. Knowledge gained from these studies can be used to optimize enzyme-nanosupport symbiotic reactions to provide robust enzyme-based systems with optimum functionality to be used for fermentation, biosensors, or biofuel applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan S Campbell
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University , Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
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de Poulpiquet A, Ciaccafava A, Lojou E. New trends in enzyme immobilization at nanostructured interfaces for efficient electrocatalysis in biofuel cells. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.07.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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14
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Min K, Kim S, Yum T, Kim Y, Sang BI, Um Y. Conversion of levulinic acid to 2-butanone by acetoacetate decarboxylase from Clostridium acetobutylicum. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:5627-34. [PMID: 23624707 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-4879-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a novel system for synthesis of 2-butanone from levulinic acid (γ-keto-acid) via an enzymatic reaction was developed. Acetoacetate decarboxylase (AADC; E.C. 4.1.1.4) from Clostridium acetobutylicum was selected as a biocatalyst for decarboxylation of levulinic acid. The purified recombinant AADC from Escherichia coli successfully converted levulinic acid to 2-butanone with a conversion yield of 8.4-90.3 % depending on the amount of AADC under optimum conditions (30 °C and pH 5.0) despite that acetoacetate, a β-keto-acid, is a natural substrate of AADC. In order to improve the catalytic efficiency, an AADC-mediator system was tested using methyl viologen, methylene blue, azure B, zinc ion, and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) as mediators. Among them, methyl viologen showed the best performance, increasing the conversion yield up to 6.7-fold in comparison to that without methyl viologen. The results in this study are significant in the development of a renewable method for the synthesis of 2-butanone from biomass-derived chemical, levulinic acid, through enzymatic decarboxylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoungseon Min
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-791, South Korea
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Glucose Oxidase/Cellulose–Carbon Nanotube Composite Paper as a Biocompatible Bioelectrode for Biofuel Cells. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 171:1194-202. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0188-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Karunwi O, Guiseppi-Elie A. Supramolecular glucose oxidase-SWNT conjugates formed by ultrasonication: effect of tube length, functionalization and processing time. J Nanobiotechnology 2013; 11:6. [PMID: 23425592 PMCID: PMC3599492 DOI: 10.1186/1477-3155-11-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Generation-3 (Gen-3) biosensors and advanced enzyme biofuel cells will benefit from direct electron transfer to oxidoreductases facilitated by single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). METHODS Supramolecular conjugates of SWNT-glucose oxidase (GOx-SWNT) were produced via ultrasonic processing. Using a Plackett-Burman experimental design to investigate the process of tip ultrasonication (23 kHz), conjugate formation was investigated as a function of ultrasonication times (0, 5, 60 min) and functionalized SWNTs of various tube lengths (SWNT-X-L), (X = -OH or -COOH and L = 3.0 μm, 7.5 μm). RESULTS Enzyme activity (KM, kcat, kcat/KM, vmax and n (the Hill parameter)) of pGOx (pristine), sGOx (sonicated) and GOx-SWNT-X-L revealed that sonication of any duration increased both KM and kcat of GOx but did not change kcat/KM. Functionalized tubes had the most dramatic effect, reducing both KM and kcat and reducing kcat/KM. UV-vis spectra over the range of 300 to 550 nm of native enzyme-bound FAD (λmax at 381 and 452 nm) or the blue-shifted solvated FAD of the denatured enzyme (λmax at 377 and 448 nm) revealed that ultrasonication up to 60 minutes had no influence on spectral characteristics of FAD but that the longer SWNTs caused some partial denaturation leading to egress of FAD. Circular dichroism spectral analysis of the 2° structure showed that sonication of any duration caused enrichment in the α-helical content at the sacrifice of the unordered sequences in GOx while the presence of SWNTs, regardless of length and/or functionality, reduced the β-sheet content of pristine GOx. Surface profiling by white light interferometry revealed that ultrasonication produced some aggregation of GOx and that GOx effectively debundled the SWNT. CONCLUSIONS Supramolecular conjugates formed from shorter, -OH functionalized SWNTs using longer sonication times (60 min) gave the most favored combination for forming bioactive conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olukayode Karunwi
- Center for Bioelectronics, Biosensors and Biochips (C3B), Clemson University Advanced Materials Center, 100 Technology Drive, Anderson, SC 29625, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 29634, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Anthony Guiseppi-Elie
- Center for Bioelectronics, Biosensors and Biochips (C3B), Clemson University Advanced Materials Center, 100 Technology Drive, Anderson, SC 29625, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 29634, Clemson, SC, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clemson University, 29634, Clemson, SC, USA
- ABTECH Scientific, Inc., Biotechnology Research Park, 800 East Leigh Street, 23219, Richmond, VA, USA
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Enzyme immobilization on carbon nanomaterials: Loading density investigation and zeta potential analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2012.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Hybrid layered double hydroxides-polypyrrole composites for construction of glucose/O2 biofuel cell. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.01.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Lee HJ, Lee SH, Park CB, Won K. Coenzyme analogs: excellent substitutes (not poor imitations) for electrochemical regeneration. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:12538-40. [PMID: 22003495 DOI: 10.1039/c1cc14313a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, employment of nicotinamide coenzyme NAD analogs has overcome the limitations of NAD in electrochemical regeneration. It has been shown that NAD analogs, APAD and PAAD, were electrochemically reduced more efficiently than original NAD and that the stability of their reduced products was also much higher than NADH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jung Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
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