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Thumkasem N, On-Mee T, Kongsinkaew C, Chittapun S, Pornpukdeewattana S, Ketudat-Cairns M, Thongprajukaew K, Antimanon S, Charoenrat T. Enhanced high β-carotene yeast cell production by Rhodotorula paludigena CM33 and in vitro digestibility in aquatic animals. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9188. [PMID: 38649733 PMCID: PMC11035689 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59809-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This study assessed Rhodotorula paludigena CM33's growth and β-carotene production in a 22-L bioreactor for potential use as an aquatic animal feed supplement. Optimizing the feed medium's micronutrient concentration for high-cell-density fed-batch cultivation using glucose as the carbon source yielded biomass of 89.84 g/L and β-carotene concentration of 251.64 mg/L. Notably, using sucrose as the carbon source in feed medium outperforms glucose feeds, resulting in a β-carotene concentration of 285.00 mg/L with a similar biomass of 87.78 g/L. In the fed-batch fermentation using Sucrose Feed Medium, R. paludigena CM33 exhibited high biomass production rates (Qx) of 0.91 g/L.h and remarkable β-carotene production rates (Qp) of 2.97 mg/L.h. In vitro digestibility assays showed that R. paludigena CM33, especially when cultivated using sucrose, enhances protein digestibility affirming its suitability as an aquatic feed supplement. Furthermore, R. paludigena CM33's nutrient-rich profile and probiotic potential make it an attractive option for aquatic nutrition. This research highlights the importance of cost-effective carbon sources in large-scale β-carotene production for aquatic animal nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namphet Thumkasem
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University (Rangsit Center), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Thapanut On-Mee
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University (Rangsit Center), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Chatchol Kongsinkaew
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University (Rangsit Center), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Supenya Chittapun
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University (Rangsit Center), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Soisuda Pornpukdeewattana
- Division of Fermentation Technology, School of Food Industry, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, 10520, Thailand
| | - Mariena Ketudat-Cairns
- Center for Molecular Structure, Function, and Application, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Karun Thongprajukaew
- Applied Aquatic Animal Nutrition Laboratory, Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Sompot Antimanon
- Industrial Bioprocess Technology Research Team, Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Theppanya Charoenrat
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University (Rangsit Center), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
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Enhancing Antimicrobial Peptide Productivity in Pichia pastoris (Muts Strain) by Improving the Fermentation Process Based on Increasing the Volumetric Methanol Consumption Rate. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9030277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The instability of the protein expression in Pichia pastoris strains has been an issue for various peptide productions. Some modifications to the traditional fermentation process could potentially solve the problem. Here, we consider a four-stage fermentation process to express the CAP2 (cell-penetrating antimicrobial peptide 2) candidate in P. pastoris KM71H, a slow methanol utilization strain. During the fermentation process, CAP2 productivity is limited (6.15 ± 0.21 mg/L·h) by the low overall methanol consumption (approximately 645 g), which is mainly the result of the slow methanol utilization of the P. pastoris KM71H. To overcome this limitation, we increased the cell concentration two-fold prior to the induction stage. A fed-batch process with exponential and dissolved oxygen tension (DOT) stat feeding strategies was deployed to control the glycerol feed, resulting in an increase in cell concentration and enhancement of the volumetric methanol consumption rate. The improved fermentation process increased the overall methanol consumption (approximately 1070 g) and the CAP2 productivity (13.59 ± 0.24 mg/L·h) by 1.66 and 2.21 times, respectively. In addition, the CAP3 (cell-penetrating antimicrobial peptide 3) candidate could also be produced using this improved fermentation process at a high yield of 3.96 ± 0.02 g/L without any further optimization. Note that there was no oxygen limitation during the improved fermentation process operating at high cell density. This could be due to the controlled substrate addition via the DOT stat system.
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Caballero-Pérez A, Viader-Salvadó JM, Herrera-Estala AL, Fuentes-Garibay JA, Guerrero-Olazarán M. Buried Kex2 Sites in Glargine Precursor Aggregates Prevent Its Intracellular Processing in Pichia pastoris Mut s Strains and the Effect of Methanol-Feeding Strategy and Induction Temperature on Glargine Precursor Production Parameters. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:2806-2829. [PMID: 33931817 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03567-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glargine is a long-acting insulin analog with less hypoglycemia risk. Like human insulin, glargine is a globular protein composed of two polypeptide chains linked by two disulfide bonds. Pichia pastoris KM71 Muts strains were engineered to produce and secrete insulin glargine through the cleavage of two Kex2 sites. Nevertheless, the recombinant product was the single-chain insulin glargine (glargine precursor) instead of the expected double-chain glargine. Molecular model analysis of the dimeric and hexameric forms of the single-chain glargine showed buried Kex2 sites that prevent intracellular glargine precursor processing. The effect of the methanol-feeding strategy (methanol limited fed-batch vs. methanol non-limited fed-batch) and the induction temperature (28 °C vs. 24 °C) on the cell growth and production parameters in bioreactor cultures was also evaluated. Exponential growth at a constant specific growth rate was observed in all the cultures. The volumetric productivities and specific substrate consumption rates were directly proportional to the specific growth rate. The lower temperature led to increased metabolic activity of the yeast cells, which increased the specific growth rate. The methanol non-limited fed-batch culture at 24 °C showed the highest values for the process parameters. After 75 h of induction, 0.122 g/L of glargine precursor was obtained from the culture medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Caballero-Pérez
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L, Mexico
| | - José María Viader-Salvadó
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L, Mexico
| | - Ana Lucía Herrera-Estala
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L, Mexico
| | - José Antonio Fuentes-Garibay
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L, Mexico
| | - Martha Guerrero-Olazarán
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L, Mexico.
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Chen L, Mohsin A, Chu J, Zhuang Y, Liu Y, Guo M. Enhanced protein production by sorbitol co-feeding with methanol in recombinant Pichia pastoris strains. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-017-0011-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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