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Guadalupe GA, Grandez-Yoplac DE, García L, Doménech E. A Comprehensive Bibliometric Study in the Context of Chemical Hazards in Coffee. TOXICS 2024; 12:526. [PMID: 39058178 PMCID: PMC11281111 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12070526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The research aimed to carefully review the chemical hazards linked to the coffee production chain to analyse the risks and opportunities for consumers and the environment, as well as identify potential knowledge gaps. The Scopus database was consulted from 1949 to April 2024 to conduct a bibliometric analysis. As a result, 680 articles were analysed. Results indicated a significant increase in research activity since 2015. China, Brazil, and the USA were the leading countries in scientific production and collaborations. The most prolific journals in this field were Chemosphere, Science of the Total Environment, Food Chemistry, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, and Journal of Environmental Management, all of which are in the first quartile. The word analysis revealed two main themes: the first focuses on the chemical hazards of coffee and their impact on health, while the second explores the waste generated during coffee production and its potential for reuse. The topics covered in the research include the composition of coffee, associated chemical hazards, possible health risks, and ways to reuse waste for environmental protection. Future research should concentrate on optimising techniques and processes to ensure quality, safety, and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grobert A. Guadalupe
- Instituto de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo para el Sector Agrario y Agroindustrial de la Región Amazonas (IIDAA), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas 01001, Peru;
- Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos Food-UPV, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Dorila E. Grandez-Yoplac
- Instituto de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo para el Sector Agrario y Agroindustrial de la Región Amazonas (IIDAA), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas 01001, Peru;
| | - Ligia García
- Instituto de Investigación para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, 342 Higos Urco, Chachapoyas 01001, Peru;
| | - Eva Doménech
- Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos Food-UPV, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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2
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Zhang D, Luo T, Cai X, Zhao NN, Zhang CY. Recent advances in nucleic acid signal amplification-based aptasensors for sensing mycotoxins. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4745-4764. [PMID: 38647208 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00982g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Mycotoxin contamination in food products may cause serious health hazards and economic losses. The effective control and accurate detection of mycotoxins have become a global concern. Even though a variety of methods have been developed for mycotoxin detection, most conventional methods suffer from complicated operation procedures, low sensitivity, high cost, and long assay time. Therefore, the development of simple and sensitive methods for mycotoxin assay is highly needed. The introduction of nucleic acid signal amplification technology (NASAT) into aptasensors significantly improves the sensitivity and facilitates the detection of mycotoxins. Herein, we give a comprehensive review of the recent advances in NASAT-based aptasensors for assaying mycotoxins and summarize the principles, features, and applications of NASAT-based aptasensors. Moreover, we highlight the challenges and prospects in the field, including the simultaneous detection of multiple mycotoxins and the development of portable devices for field detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhang
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Luo
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiangyue Cai
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Ning-Ning Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Chun-Yang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
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3
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Li Y, Jia B, Song P, Long N, Shi L, Li P, Wang J, Zhou L, Kong W. Precision-SELEX aptamer screening for the colorimetric and fluorescent dual-readout aptasensing of AFB 1 in food. Food Chem 2024; 436:137661. [PMID: 37826895 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
As nucleic acid-based affinity elements, aptamers have attracted significant attention for a wide range of analytical applications. Although several aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) aptamers have been identified, they are unsuitable for overcoming the unavoidable cross-reactions from interferents in complex food matrices due to their poor binding affinities and specificities. Herein, a novel precision-systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (P-SELEX) strategy through introducing the counter (matrix without target AFB1) and positive (with AFB1) screening steps was implemented to accurately identify AFB1 aptamers. A DNA aptamer A-42-2 at a 24-nt length was selected finally, which possessed nanomolar-level affinity of 5.55 nM, high specificity to other interferents, and strong anti-cross-reactivity ability for matrix components. Then, an A-42-2 aptamer-based ultra-sensitive colorimetric and fluorescent dual-readout aptasensor was fabricated for AFB1 detection in three kinds of complex food samples rich in starch without cross-reactions. The aptasensor displayed outstanding detection capacity with a wide liner range of 0.25-30 nM (1.95-234.4 μg/kg), while the detection limit for colorimetric measurement as low as 0.22 nM (1.72 μg/kg) and 0.048 nM (0.20 μg/kg) for fluorescent determination. P-SELEX is ideal for screening and applying aptamers in complex food matrices, creating more opportunities for the efficient and cost-effective development of high-quality aptamers and aptasensors for other targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Boyu Jia
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Pengyue Song
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Nan Long
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Linchun Shi
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Jiabo Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Lidong Zhou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Weijun Kong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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4
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Yang Y, Shi Y, Zhang X, Li G. MNAzyme catalyzed signal amplification-mediated lateral flow biosensor for portable and sensitive detection of mycotoxin in food samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:1057-1067. [PMID: 38117324 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-05096-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Here, an enzyme-free lateral flow aptasensor was designed by target-induced strand-displacement effect and followed by the activation of multi-component nucleic acid enzyme (MNAzyme)-mediated cleavage to enable rapid and portable ochratoxin A (OTA) detection. The substrate was prepared as an oligonucleotide strand modified with magnetic beads (MB) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). The interaction of OTA with the aptamer induces the release of blocking DNA, which hybridized with three separated subunits of DNA, forming a sequence-specific MNAzyme catalytic core. This core subsequently initiated an enzyme-free MNAzyme cleavage reaction in the presence of the Mg2+ cofactor, cleaving a special substrate and releasing both the incomplete MNAzyme catalytic core and hCG-DNA probe. The incomplete MNAzyme catalytic core was then recognized by substrates once again, triggering a cascade recycling cleavage and resulting in the generation of a larger number of hCG-DNA probes. After magnetic enrichment, the free hCG-DNA probes flow through the pregnancy test strip (PTS) to the T line, generating a colorimetric readout that unequivocally confirms the presence of the target OTA. This work leverages the efficient enzyme-free cleavage amplification of MNAzyme and the PTS-based portable detection device, presenting a biosensing strategy with significant potential for sensitive and portable OTA detection. This method exhibited remarkable sensitivity and selectivity for OTA detection, boasting a detection limit of 5 nM. The present study successfully demonstrated the practical application of this method on real samples, offering a viable alternative for rapid and portable detection of mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiao Tong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Yiheng Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Guoliang Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.
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5
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Assays to Estimate the Binding Affinity of Aptamers. Talanta 2022; 238:122971. [PMID: 34857318 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aptamers have become coming-of-age molecular recognition elements in both diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Generated by SELEX, the 'quality control' of aptamers, which involves the validation of their binding affinity against their respective targets is pivotal to ascertain their potency prior to use in any downstream assays or applications. Several aptamers have been isolated thus far, however, the usage of inappropriate validation assays renders some of these aptamers dubitable in terms of their binding capabilities. Driven by this need, we provide an up-to-date critical review of the various strategies used to determine the aptamer-target binding affinity with the aim of providing researchers a better comprehension of the different analytical approaches in respect to the molecular properties of aptamers and their intended targets. The techniques reported have been classified as label-based techniques such as fluorescence intensity, fluorescence anisotropy, filter-binding assays, gel shift assays, ELISA; and label-free techniques such as UV-Vis spectroscopy, circular dichroism, isothermal titration calorimetry, native electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry, quartz crystal microbalance, surface plasmon resonance, NECEEM, backscattering interferometry, capillary electrophoresis, HPLC, and nanoparticle aggregation assays. Hybrid strategies combining the characteristics of both categories such as microscale thermophoresis have been also additionally emphasized. The fundamental principles, complexity, benefits, and challenges under each technique are elaborated in detail.
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Sen RK, Prabhakar P, Bisht N, Patel M, Mishra S, Yadav AK, Venu DV, Gupta GK, Solanki PR, Ramakrishnan S, Mondal D, Srivastava AK, Dwivedi N, Dhand C. 2D Materials-Based Aptamer Biosensors: Present Status and Way Forward. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:5815-5849. [PMID: 34961455 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666211213115723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Current advances in constructing functional nanomaterials and elegantly designed nanostructures have opened up new possibilities for the fabrication of viable field biosensors. Two-dimensional materials (2DMs) have fascinated much attention due to their chemical, optical, physicochemical, and electronic properties. They are ultrathin nanomaterials with unique properties such as high surface-to-volume ratio, surface charge, shape, high anisotropy, and adjustable chemical functionality. 2DMs such as graphene-based 2D materials, Silicate clays, layered double hydroxides (LDHs), MXenes, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), and transition metal oxides (TMOs) offer intensified physicochemical and biological functionality and have proven to be very promising candidates for biological applications and technologies. 2DMs have a multivalent structure that can easily bind to single-stranded DNA/RNA (aptamers) through covalent, non-covalent, hydrogen bond, and π-stacking interactions, whereas aptamers have a small size, excellent chemical stability, and low immunogenicity with high affinity and specificity. This review discussed the potential of various 2D material-based aptasensor for diagnostic applications, e.g., protein detection, environmental monitoring, pathogens detection, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar Sen
- CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute, Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal. India
| | - Priyanka Prabhakar
- CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute, Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal. India
| | - Neha Bisht
- CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute, Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal. India
| | - Monika Patel
- CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute, Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal. India
| | - Shruti Mishra
- CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute, Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal. India
| | - Amit Kumar Yadav
- Special Centre for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067. India
| | - Divya Vadakkumana Venu
- CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute, Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal. India
| | - Gaurav Kumar Gupta
- CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute, Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal. India
| | - Pratima R Solanki
- Special Centre for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067. India
| | - Seeram Ramakrishnan
- Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, 2 Engineering Drive 3, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576. Singapore
| | - Dehipada Mondal
- CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute, Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal. India
| | | | - Neeraj Dwivedi
- CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute, Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal. India
| | - Chetna Dhand
- CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute, Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal. India
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7
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Hou Y, Jia B, Sheng P, Liao X, Shi L, Fang L, Zhou L, Kong W. Aptasensors for mycotoxins in foods: Recent advances and future trends. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 21:2032-2073. [PMID: 34729895 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxin contamination in foods has posed serious threat to public health and raised worldwide concern. The development of simple, rapid, facile, and cost-effective methods for mycotoxin detection is of urgent need. Aptamer-based sensors, abbreviated as aptasensors, with excellent recognition capacity to a wide variety of mycotoxins have attracted ever-increasing interest of researchers because of their simple fabrication, rapid response, high sensitivity, low cost, and easy adaptability for in situ measurement. The past few decades have witnessed the rapid advances of aptasensors for mycotoxin detection in foods. Therefore, this review first summarizes the reported aptamer sequences specific for mycotoxins. Then, the recent 5-year advancements in various newly developed aptasensors, which, according to the signal output mode, are divided into electrochemical, optical and photoelectrochemical categories, for mycotoxin detection are comprehensively discussed. A special attention is taken on their strengths and limitations in real-world application. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives for developing novel highly reliable aptasensors for mycotoxin detection are highlighted, which is expected to provide powerful references for their thorough research and extended applications. Owing to their unique advantages, aptasensors display a fascinating prospect in food field for safety inspection and risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Hou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.,Xinjiang Agricultural Vocational Technical College, Changji, China
| | - Boyu Jia
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Sheng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaofang Liao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Linchun Shi
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Fang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lidong Zhou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weijun Kong
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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8
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Romero-Reyes MA, Heemstra JM. Sequestration and Removal of Multiple Small-Molecule Contaminants Using an Optimized Aptamer-Based Ultrafiltration System. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:2043-2051. [PMID: 34478279 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Small-molecule toxins pose a significant threat to human health and the environment, and their removal is made challenging by their low molecular weight. Aptamers show promise as affinity reagents for binding these toxins, and recently, aptamers have been utilized for both sensing and remediation applications. We found that functionalization of ultrafiltration membranes with aptamers provides a convenient scaffold for toxin sequestration, but our initial efforts in this area were limited by low functionalization efficiencies and the ability to only capture a single target molecule. Herein, we describe detailed optimization of our aptamer-functionalized ultrafiltration membrane system and subsequent use for simultaneous removal of multiple small-molecule toxins. We examine multiple critical components involved in fabricating and functionalizing the membranes, including PEG polymer molecular weight for membrane fabrication, grafting conditions for pMAA attachment, and coupling reagents for aptamer functionalization. This screening enabled us to identify a set of unique conditions in which we were able to achieve high flux, near quantitative yield for DNA attachment, and effective overall depletion of both toxins and bacterial cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate the attachment of multiple aptamers and subsequent parallel removal of atrazine, bisphenol A, and microcystin-LR in a complex lake water matrix. Our rigorous evaluation resulted in depletion of multiple small-molecule toxins, contaminants, and microorganisms, demonstrating the potential of aptamer-functionalized membranes as point-of-use decontamination systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer M Heemstra
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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9
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Oravczová V, Garaiová Z, Hianik T. Nanoparticles and Nanomotors Modified by Nucleic Acids Aptamers for Targeted Drug Delivery. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162021020187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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The Construction and Application of Aptamer to Simultaneous Identification of Enrofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin Residues in Fish. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-020-01937-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Yi J, Xiao W, Li G, Wu P, He Y, Chen C, He Y, Ding P, Kai T. The research of aptamer biosensor technologies for detection of microorganism. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:9877-9890. [PMID: 33047168 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10940-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The activities and transmissions of microorganisms are closely related to human, and all kinds of diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms have attracted attention in the world and brought many challenges to human health and public health. The traditional microbial detection technologies have characteristics of longer detection cycle and complicated processes, therefore, which can no longer meet the detection requirements in the field of public health. At present, it is the focus to develop and design a novel, rapid, and simple microbial detection method in the field of public health. Herein, this article summarized the development of aptamer biosensor technologies for detection of microorganism in the aspect of bacteria, viruses, and toxins in detail, including optical aptamer sensors such as fluorometry and colorimetry, electrochemical aptamer sensors, and other technologies combined with aptamer. KEY POINTS: • Aptamer biosensor is a good platform for microbial detection. • Aptamer biosensors include optical sensors and electrochemical sensors. • Aptamer sensors have been widely used in the detection of bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiecan Yi
- Xiang Ya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,School of Public Health, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, Hunan, China
| | - Wen Xiao
- Hunan Institute of Food Quality Supervision Inspection and Research, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Guiyin Li
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541014, Guangxi, China
| | - Pian Wu
- Xiang Ya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Yayuan He
- Xiang Ya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Cuimei Chen
- Xiang Ya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Yafei He
- Xiang Ya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Ping Ding
- Xiang Ya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
| | - Tianhan Kai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
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Prante M, Segal E, Scheper T, Bahnemann J, Walter J. Aptasensors for Point-of-Care Detection of Small Molecules. BIOSENSORS 2020; 10:E108. [PMID: 32859075 PMCID: PMC7559136 DOI: 10.3390/bios10090108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aptamers, a group of nucleic acids which can specifically bind to a target molecule, have drawn extensive interest over the past few decades. For analytics, aptamers represent a viable alternative to gold-standard antibodies due to their oligonucleic nature combined with advantageous properties, including higher stability in harsh environments and longer shelf-life. Indeed, over the last decade, aptamers have been used in numerous bioanalytical assays and in various point-of-care testing (POCT) platforms. The latter allows for rapid on-site testing and can be performed outside a laboratory by unskilled labor. Aptamer technology for POCT is not limited just to medical diagnostics; it can be used for a range of applications, including environmental monitoring and quality control. In this review, we critically examine the use of aptamers in POCT with an emphasis on their advantages and limitations. We also examine the recent success of aptasensor technology and how these findings pave the way for the analysis of small molecules in POCT and other health-related applications. Finally, the current major limitations of aptamers are discussed, and possible approaches for overcoming these challenges are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Prante
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany; (M.P.); (T.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Ester Segal
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200003, Israel;
| | - Thomas Scheper
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany; (M.P.); (T.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Janina Bahnemann
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany; (M.P.); (T.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Johanna Walter
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany; (M.P.); (T.S.); (J.B.)
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13
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Jia M, Sha J, Li Z, Wang W, Zhang H. High affinity truncated aptamers for ultra-sensitive colorimetric detection of bisphenol A with label-free aptasensor. Food Chem 2020; 317:126459. [PMID: 32113141 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The widespread exposure of bisphenol A (BPA) presents a significant risk to human health. A rapid, ultra-sensitive and label-free colorimetric aptasensor using high affinity truncated aptamers was developed for BPA detection. Truncated 38-mer and 12-mer aptamers specific for BPA were obtained through rationally truncation from 63-mer BPA aptamer. The dissociation constants (Kd) of 38-mer and 12-mer aptamers were determined to be 13.17 nM and 27.05 nM. Then, truncated aptamers were used in label-free colorimetric detection assays based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The limit of detections of aptasensors using 38-mer and 12-mer aptamers were 7.60 pM and 14.41 pM, which were 265-fold and 140-fold lower than that of the aptasensor using 63-mer aptamer, respectively. The recovery rates in milk, orange juice and mineralized water samples were 93.88% to 107.30%. Therefore, the developed BPA colorimetric aptasensor using truncated aptamers has great application prospects in food safety control and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China.
| | - Junyi Sha
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Zhihua Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
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An aptamer affinity column for purification and enrichment of aflatoxin B 1 and aflatoxin B 2 in agro-products. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:895-904. [PMID: 31900533 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02300-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
We have developed an aptamer affinity column (AAC) for the purification and enrichment of trace aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and aflatoxin B2 (AFB2) in genuine agro-products through the covalent conjugation of amino modified aptamer and NHS-activated Sepharose. The coupling and working conditions found to be suitable for this AFB-AAC were examined in regard to coupling time (2 min), loading volume (30 mL), and the methanol concentration (< 10%) used in the loading step. The performance of AFB-AAC was then further evaluated in terms of capacity (329.1 ± 13.7 ng for AFB1 and 162.5 ± 8.9 ng for AFB2), selectivity (excellent), reusability (twenty-three times for AFB1 and twelve times for AFB2), and repeatability (92.7% ± 2.9% for AFB1 and 71.5% ± 3.4% for AFB2). Furthermore, the AAC clean-up combined with HPLC-FLD demonstrated excellent linearity over a wide range, good sensitivity with an LOD of 50 pg mL-1 for AFB1 and 15 pg mL-1 for AFB2, and acceptable recovery with different spiking levels in different matrices. Finally, the AAC was successfully applied to analyte AFB1 and AFB2 in four types of agro-products as well as a maize flour reference material, and the results were found to be in accordance with those of commercial IACs. This study provides a reference for the analysis of other trace analytes by merely changing the corresponding aptamer and represents a strong contender for immune affinity columns. Graphical abstract An aptamer affinity column for purification and enrichment of aflatoxin B1 and aflatoxin B2 in agro-products with the aid of HPLC-FLD and a post-column photochemical derivatization reactor.
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Kurth T, Witt S, Bolten S, Waniek JJ, Kortmann C, Lavrentieva A, Scheper T, Walter JG. Development of Aptamer-Based TID Assays Using Thermophoresis and Microarrays. BIOSENSORS 2019; 9:E124. [PMID: 31615077 PMCID: PMC6955894 DOI: 10.3390/bios9040124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides which can be used as alternative recognition elements for protein detection, because aptamers bind their targets with a high affinity similar to antibodies. Due to the targetinduced conformational changes of aptamers, these oligonucleotides can be applied in various biosensing platforms. In this work, aptamers directed against the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were used as a model system. VEGF plays a key role in physiological angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. Furthermore, VEGF is involved in the development and growth of cancer and other diseases like agerelated macular degeneration, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, and neurodegenerative disorders. Detecting the protein biomarker VEGF is therefore of great importance for medical research and diagnostics. In this research, VEGFbinding aptamers were investigated for the systematic development of a targetinduced dissociation (TID) assay utilizing thermophoresis and microarrays. The established aptamer-microarray allowed for the detection of 0.1 nM of VEGF. Furthermore, the systematic development of the TID method using the VEGF model protein could help to develop further TID assays for the detection of various protein biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Kurth
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Callinstraße 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sandra Witt
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Callinstraße 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Svenja Bolten
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Callinstraße 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Janice-Joy Waniek
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Callinstraße 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Carlotta Kortmann
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Callinstraße 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Antonina Lavrentieva
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Callinstraße 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Scheper
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Callinstraße 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Johanna-Gabriela Walter
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Callinstraße 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany.
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Zhao L, Huang Y, Qi X, Yan X, Wang S, Liang X. Nanotetrahedron-assisted electrochemical aptasensor with cooperatively-folding aptamer chimera for sensitive and selective detection of lysozyme in red wines. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1095:172-178. [PMID: 31864619 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although aptamers show great potential in the field of analytical chemistry, their intrinsic shortcomings of relatively weak affinity and selectivity in complex working environment limit their applicability to real analysis, because the flexibility of aptamers makes the specific aptatopes (i.e., binding sites for targets) in the conformational structure unstable and deficient. Herein, an anti-lysozyme aptamer and lysozyme were chosen as models. An aptamer chimera which could cooperatively fold to provide stable aptatopes for lysozyme was designed for improvement of the anti-lysozyme aptamers' recognition ability, and an electrochemical aptasensor was then developed based on the aptamer chimera, with assistance of a rigid DNA nanotetrahedron as a spacer to orientate the aptamer chimera on the electrodes. The nanotetrahedron-aptamer chimera-based aptasensor presented highly sensitive and selective detection towards lysozyme in red wines, furnishing a 42-fold lower LOD (17.9 pmol L-1) and better selectivity than that of the aptasensor with the original aptamer. Moreover, the developed aptasensor was characterized by good recovery (91.3-109.0%), good accuracy, repeatability and stability, indicating the excellent practical applicability of the cooperatively-folding aptamer chimera in real world. This proof-of-concept study can be referred for any other aptamers, analytes, and samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianhui Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yunfei Huang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiaoyan Qi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiaochen Yan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Sai Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Xingguo Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266000, China
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Lu C, Gao X, Chen Y, Ren J, Liu C. Aptamer-Based Lateral Flow Test Strip for the Simultaneous Detection of Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Staphylococcus aureus. ANAL LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2019.1663528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Lu
- Life Science and Technology Institute, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoxu Gao
- Life Science and Technology Institute, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ya Chen
- Chongqing Fuling Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangtao Ren
- Chongqing Fuling Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, China
| | - Changbin Liu
- Key Laboratories of Sheep Breeding and Reproduce, Xinjiang Academy of Agriculture and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, China
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Asmari M, Ratih R, Alhazmi HA, El Deeb S. Thermophoresis for characterizing biomolecular interaction. Methods 2018; 146:107-119. [PMID: 29438829 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of biomolecular interactions is crucial to get more insight into the biological system. The interactions of protein-protein, protein-nucleic acids, protein-sugars, nucleic acid-nucleic acids and protein-small molecules are supporting therapeutics and technological developments. Recently, the development in a large number of analytical techniques for characterizing biomolecular interactions reflect the promising research investments in this field. In this review, microscale thermophoresis technology (MST) is presented as an analytical technique for characterizing biomolecular interactions. Recent years have seen much progress and several applications established. MST is a powerful technique in quantitation of binding events based on the movement of molecules in microscopic temperature gradient. Simplicity, free solutions analysis, low sample volume, short analysis time, and immobilization free are the MST advantages over other competitive techniques. A wide range of studies in biomolecular interactions have been successfully carried out using MST, which tend to the versatility of the technique to use in screening binding events in order to save time, cost and obtained high data quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mufarreh Asmari
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, TU Braunschweig, Beethovenstrasse 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ratih Ratih
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, TU Braunschweig, Beethovenstrasse 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Hassan A Alhazmi
- College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, 45142 Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami El Deeb
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, TU Braunschweig, Beethovenstrasse 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
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Aptamers as the Agent in Decontamination Assays (Apta-Decontamination Assays): From the Environment to the Potential Application In Vivo. J Nucleic Acids 2017; 2017:3712070. [PMID: 29225967 PMCID: PMC5684557 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3712070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The binding specificity and affinity of aptamers have long been harnessed as the key elements in the development of aptamer-based assays, particularly aptasensing application. One promising avenue that is currently explored based on the specificity and affinity of aptamers is the application of aptamers in the decontamination assays. Aptamers have been successfully harnessed as the decontamination agents to remove contaminants from the environment and to decontaminate infectious elements. The reversible denaturation property inherent in aptamers enables the repeated usage of aptamers, which can immensely save the cost of decontamination. Analogous to the point-of-care diagnostics, there is no doubt that aptamers can also be deployed in the point-of-care aptamer-based decontamination assay, whereby decontamination can be performed anywhere and anytime for instantaneous decision-making. It is also prophesied that aptamers can also serve more than as a decontaminant, probably as a tool to capture and kill hazardous elements, particularly pathogenic agents.
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Witt M, Phung NL, Stalke A, Walter JG, Stahl F, von Neuhoff N, Scheper T. Comparing two conventional methods of emulsion PCR and optimizing of Tegosoft-based emulsion PCR. Eng Life Sci 2017; 17:953-958. [PMID: 32624844 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201700047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The selection of aptamers represents a promising route in the development of high affinity ligands. In these processes the formation of by-products is a common problem during the PCR-based amplification of complex oligonucleotide libraries. One approach to overcome this drawback is to separate each template oligonucleotide into an individual reaction compartment provided by a droplet. This method, termed emulsion PCR (ePCR), has already emerged to a standard method in sample preparation for 2nd generation sequencing. In this work, we compare different literature protocols that have been developed to generate stable emulsions for ePCR. We investigate different emulsification methods and evaluate the importance of the initial template concentration. We demonstrate that emulsion stability is of utmost importance for the successful inhibition of by-product formation and give an optimized protocol for generation of an emulsified PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Witt
- Institute of Technical Chemistry Leibniz University Hannover Hannover Germany
| | - Ngoc Linh Phung
- Institute of Technical Chemistry Leibniz University Hannover Hannover Germany
| | - Amelie Stalke
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Pathology Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany
| | | | - Frank Stahl
- Institute of Technical Chemistry Leibniz University Hannover Hannover Germany
| | - Nils von Neuhoff
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology University of Duisburg-Essen Essen Germany
| | - Thomas Scheper
- Institute of Technical Chemistry Leibniz University Hannover Hannover Germany
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Modh H, Scheper T, Walter JG. Detection of ochratoxin A by aptamer-assisted real-time PCR-based assay (Apta-qPCR). Eng Life Sci 2017; 17:923-930. [PMID: 32624841 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201700048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection of food toxins with high sensitivity is very important and challenging. Ochratoxin A (OTA) is frequently present as food contaminant in contaminated grains and grain derivatives such as bread and beer. In this work, a target-induced dissociation (TID) based aptamer-assisted real-time PCR-based assay (apta-qPCR) is developed that features effective detection of OTA. Apta-qPCR effectively combines the capabilities of aptamer to be amplified, being a nucleotide sequence, with its specific interaction with the corresponding target molecule. Compared to commonly used fluorescence-based and colorimetric methods, the sensitivity of qPCR to detect a nucleotide sequence (aptamer) has ameliorated the sensitivity of the aptamer-based detection of OTA. Here, the OTA aptamer was immobilized on the magnetic beads coated with d(T)25 (dT beads). A sequence complementary to the OTA-binding portion of the aptamer was used as a linker between dT beads and the aptamer sequence. When OTA was added, the aptamer was released from the dT beads due to TID. The resulting assay was able to detect 0.009 ng/mL OTA with a wide dynamic range of 0.039-1000 ng/mL. Apta-qPCR can be easily transferred to other small molecules for highly sensitive detection using corresponding aptamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshvardhan Modh
- Institute of Technical Chemistry Leibniz University of Hannover Hannover Germany
| | - Thomas Scheper
- Institute of Technical Chemistry Leibniz University of Hannover Hannover Germany
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Modh H, Witt M, Urmann K, Lavrentieva A, Segal E, Scheper T, Walter JG. Aptamer-based detection of adenosine triphosphate via qPCR. Talanta 2017; 172:199-205. [PMID: 28602295 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sensitive and specific detection and quantification of small molecules often remain challenging. We developed a novel magnetic bead-based aptamer-assisted real-time PCR (Apta-qPCR) assay to provide a versatile platform for quantification of small molecules. The assay has been realized for the detection of ATP as a model system. The assay relies on a combination of qPCR with the target-induced dissociation (TID) of ATP aptamer from an oligonucleotide, complementary to the ATP binding site of the aptamer. The complementary oligonucleotide was immobilized on deoxythymidine (dT)-modified magnetic beads (dT-beads) and hybridized with the aptamer. The presence of ATP resulted in dissociation of the aptamer from the dT-beads and the dissociated aptamer was quantified using qPCR. The Apta-qPCR assay was able to detect 17nM ATP with a broad dynamic range from 50nM to 5mM. The assay is label-free, and real-time PCR-based detection of aptamer facilitates high sensitivity. The presented method is highly versatile and can be applied to various aptamer-target pairs to allow detection of a broad range of target analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshvardhan Modh
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Callinstr. 5, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - Martin Witt
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Callinstr. 5, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - Katharina Urmann
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Callinstr. 5, Hannover 30167, Germany; Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 32000 Haifa, Israel
| | - Antonina Lavrentieva
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Callinstr. 5, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - Ester Segal
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 32000 Haifa, Israel
| | - Thomas Scheper
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Callinstr. 5, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - Johanna-Gabriela Walter
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Callinstr. 5, Hannover 30167, Germany
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Urmann K, Modrejewski J, Scheper T, Walter JG. Aptamer-modified nanomaterials: principles and applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/bnm-2016-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAptamers are promising alternative binders that can substitute antibodies in various applications. Due to the advantages of aptamers, namely their high affinity, specificity and stability, along with the benefits originating from the chemical synthesis of aptamers, they have attracted attention in various applications including their use on nanostructured material. This necessitates the immobilization of aptamers on a solid support. Since aptamer immobilization may interfere with its binding properties, the immobilization of aptamers has to be investigated and optimized. Within this review, we give general insights into the principles and factors controlling the binding affinity of immobilized aptamers. Specific features of aptamer immobilization on nanostructured surfaces and nanoparticles are highlighted and a brief overview of applications of aptamer-modified nanostructured materials is given.
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