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Wang L, Zhang W, Song B, Zhang Z, Li J, Li X, Yao J. Development of a system for detecting cardiac troponin I by background fluorescence quenching based on internal filtration effect. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 35:115705. [PMID: 38035391 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad1163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study sought to develop a cardiac troponin I (cTnI) detection system based on background fluorescence quenching of internal filtration effect (IFE) and study the influence of IFE on the sensitivity of cTnI detection. Three nanogold materials were synthesized as fluorescence quenchers, and rhodamine 6 G (R6G) and Cy5 were used as fluorescence probes. Six experimental systems were established to detect cTnI in negative serum test solutions and clinical serum samples. The sensitivity of each system was compared to explore the contribution of IFE to the detection sensitivity of cTnI. When applied to negative serum test solutions, the R6G-nanogold material I system exhibited a superior detection effect for cTnI, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.15 ng ml-1. When applied to clinical serum samples, the Cy5-nanogold material Ⅲ system yielded a better detection effect for cTnI, with the lowest concentration of cTnI detected at 2 ng ml-1. The first and second internal filtering effects in the proposed system can be achieved simultaneously, effectively avoiding light absorption interference from clinical serum samples and enhancing the sensitivity of the background fluorescence quenching detection of cTnI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Active Components of Xinjiang Natural Medicine and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830063, People's Republic of China
| | - Bailing Song
- Xinjiang Hu Suan Research Institute (Co., LTD), Urumqi, 830020, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyi Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Active Components of Xinjiang Natural Medicine and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiutong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Simp Bio-Science Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201800, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxia Li
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Active Components of Xinjiang Natural Medicine and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, People's Republic of China
- Xinjiang Hu Suan Research Institute (Co., LTD), Urumqi, 830020, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yao
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Active Components of Xinjiang Natural Medicine and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, People's Republic of China
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2
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Poosinuntakul N, Chanmee T, Porntadavity S, Chailapakul O, Apilux A. Silver-enhanced colloidal gold dip strip immunoassay integrated with smartphone-based colorimetry for sensitive detection of cardiac marker troponin I. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19866. [PMID: 36400826 PMCID: PMC9674838 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24458-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is a specific cardiac biomarker for diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). A sensitive and simple point-of-care test (POCT) is still required for early detection of AMI. To address this need, we developed a dip strip assay based on sandwich immunoassay coupled with a silver enhancement system. Pre-incubation and silver enhancement were introduced to the dip strip to increase sensitivity. Due to the catalytic reaction of the silver enhancement solution, the red color of AuNPs changed to dark brown as silver ions precipitated and enlarged the AuNPs. The obtained results were easily seen by the naked eye. For quantitative analysis, the color intensity of the results was analyzed using a smartphone with RGB color picker application. The effects of operating parameters (volume of AuNP-Ab conjugate, volume of sample, incubation time, and analysis time) were investigated and optimized. Under optimal conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) by the naked eye was 0.5 ng/mL. The LOD with silver enhancement was 50-fold lower than without. For quantitative analysis using the smartphone, linearity of detection was observed through the range of 0.5-50 ng/mL (R2 = 0.9952) and the LOD was 0.12 ng/mL. The developed method was successfully applied to detection of cTnI in serum samples, achieving analytical recoveries and %RSD in the ranges of 96.10-119.17% and 2.91-5.13%, respectively. Additionally, this developed assay was not cross reactive with the potentially interfering serum proteins. These results showed the great potential of this dip strip assay as an alternative POCT for detection of serum cTnI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Napakporn Poosinuntakul
- grid.10223.320000 0004 1937 0490Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170 Thailand
| | - Theerawut Chanmee
- grid.10223.320000 0004 1937 0490Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170 Thailand
| | - Sureerut Porntadavity
- grid.10223.320000 0004 1937 0490Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170 Thailand
| | - Orawon Chailapakul
- grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Amara Apilux
- grid.10223.320000 0004 1937 0490Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170 Thailand
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Du X, Su X, Zhang W, Yi S, Zhang G, Jiang S, Li H, Li S, Xia F. Progress, Opportunities, and Challenges of Troponin Analysis in the Early Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Diseases. Anal Chem 2021; 94:442-463. [PMID: 34843218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xujie Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wanxue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Suyan Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shaoguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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Zhang B, Liu W, Liu Z, Fu X, Du D. Establishment of a Chemiluminescence Immunoassay Combined with Immunomagnetic Beads for Rapid Analysis Of Ochratoxin A. J AOAC Int 2021; 105:346-351. [PMID: 34599815 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsab104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ochratoxins A (OTA), as the harmful mycotoxins, are toxic secondary metabolite produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium. Hence, it is of vital important to establish a sensitive method to detect OTA in various grains. OBJECTIVE Herein a novel highly sensitive chemiluminescence immunoassay was developed to determination of ochratoxin A in wheat, corn, and poultry feed. METHODS The immunomagnetic beads were used as solid phase carrier and separator in the competitive chemiluminescence method, the monoclonal antibodies anti-OTA coated on immunomagnetic beads were applied as the capturing antibody, in which OTA would compete with Ochratoxin A-alkaline phosphatase (OTA-ALP) in binding with OTA antibodies. RESULTS The proposed method exhibited good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.999), adequate OTA recovery rate (83.60% to 102.50%), and good repeatability. The sensitivity of the proposed method was 2.05 pg/mL. In addition, the method was highly selective, it did not have cross-reaction with other mycotoxin (e.g., AFB1, DON, ZEN). Furthermore, the developed method was applied in the analysis of wheat, corn and two animal feeds successfully, the results obtained by the chemiluminescence method showed the high correlation with those obtained by HPLC method (correlation coefficient 0.9958) when testing each extract by both methods. CONCLUSIONS This strategy shows great potential application for other toxic and harmful mycotoxin detection. HIGHLIGHTS A novel highly rapid and sensitive chemiluminescence immunoassay was established to quantitation for ochratoxin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.,Kangyuan Techbio Biological Technology Co., Ltd, Suqian, 223600, China
| | - Wenting Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Zhenjiang Liu
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Xiaoling Fu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Daolin Du
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
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Suhito IR, Angeline N, Lee KH, Kim H, Park CG, Luo Z, Kim TH. A Spheroid-Forming Hybrid Gold Nanostructure Platform That Electrochemically Detects Anticancer Effects of Curcumin in a Multicellular Brain Cancer Model. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2002436. [PMID: 32954643 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a multifunctional platform that enables the highly efficient formation of 3D multicellular cancer spheroids and precise real-time assessments of the anticancer effects of curcumin in a brain tumor coculture model is reported. A highly conductive gold nanostructure (HCGN) is fabricated to facilitate cancer spheroid formation without using anti-cell adhesion molecules. A neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and glioblastoma (U-87MG) coculture model is generated on HCGN with a specific cell-to-cell ratio (SH-SY5Y: U-87MG = 1:1), and their redox behaviors are successfully measured without destroying the distinct 3D structure of the multicellular spheroids. Using electrochemical signals as an indicator of spheroid viability, the effects of potential anticancer compounds on cocultured spheroids are further assessed. Remarkably, decreased cell viability in 3D spheroids caused by a low concentration of curcumin (30 µM) is detectable using the electrochemical method (29.4%) but not with a conventional colorimetric assay (CCK-8). The detection is repeated more than ten times for both short- (63 h) and long-term cultivation (144 h) without damaging the spheroids, enabling real-time, non-destructive pharmacokinetic analysis of various drug candidates. Therefore, it can be concluded that the hybrid platform is a highly promising, precise, and high-throughput drug screening tool based on 3D cell cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intan Rosalina Suhito
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Novi Angeline
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Lee
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Huijung Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Gwon Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhengtang Luo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Tae-Hyung Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
- Integrative Research Center for Two-Dimensional Functional Materials, Institute of Interdisciplinary Convergence Research, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
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6
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Kang SH, Lee CH. Development of Therapeutic Antibodies and Modulating the Characteristics of Therapeutic Antibodies to Maximize the Therapeutic Efficacy. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2021; 26:295-311. [PMID: 34220207 PMCID: PMC8236339 DOI: 10.1007/s12257-020-0181-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) have been used as therapeutic agents for various diseases, and immunoglobulin G (IgG) is mainly used among antibody isotypes due to its structural and functional properties. So far, regardless of the purpose of the therapeutic antibody, wildtype IgG has been mainly used, but recently, the engineered antibodies with various strategies according to the role of the therapeutic antibody have been used to maximize the therapeutic efficacy. In this review paper, first, the overall structural features and functional characteristics of antibody IgG, second, the old and new techniques for antibody discovery, and finally, several antibody engineering strategies for maximizing therapeutic efficacy according to the role of a therapeutic antibody will be introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hyun Kang
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080 Korea
| | - Chang-Han Lee
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080 Korea ,grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080 Korea ,Hongcheon, 25159 Korea ,grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905SNU Dementia Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080 Korea
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7
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Mattioli IA, Hassan A, Oliveira ON, Crespilho FN. On the Challenges for the Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 Based on a Review of Current Methodologies. ACS Sens 2020; 5:3655-3677. [PMID: 33267587 PMCID: PMC7724986 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diagnosis of COVID-19 has been challenging owing to the need for mass testing and for combining distinct types of detection to cover the different stages of the infection. In this review, we have surveyed the most used methodologies for diagnosis of COVID-19, which can be basically categorized into genetic-material detection and immunoassays. Detection of genetic material with real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and similar techniques has been achieved with high accuracy, but these methods are expensive and require time-consuming protocols which are not widely available, especially in less developed countries. Immunoassays for detecting a few antibodies, on the other hand, have been used for rapid, less expensive tests, but their accuracy in diagnosing infected individuals has been limited. We have therefore discussed the strengths and limitations of all of these methodologies, particularly in light of the required combination of tests owing to the long incubation periods. We identified the bottlenecks that prevented mass testing in many countries, and proposed strategies for further action, which are mostly associated with materials science and chemistry. Of special relevance are the methodologies which can be integrated into point-of-care (POC) devices and the use of artificial intelligence that do not require products from a well-developed biotech industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela A. Mattioli
- São Carlos Institute of
Chemistry, University of São Paulo,
São Carlos 13560-970, São Paulo,
Brazil
| | - Ayaz Hassan
- São Carlos Institute of
Chemistry, University of São Paulo,
São Carlos 13560-970, São Paulo,
Brazil
| | - Osvaldo N. Oliveira
- São Carlos Institute of
Physics, University of São Paulo,
São Carlos 13560-590, São Paulo,
Brazil
| | - Frank N. Crespilho
- São Carlos Institute of
Chemistry, University of São Paulo,
São Carlos 13560-970, São Paulo,
Brazil
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Khan S, Hasan A, Attar F, Sharifi M, Siddique R, Mraiche F, Falahati M. Gold Nanoparticle-Based Platforms for Diagnosis and Treatment of Myocardial Infarction. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:6460-6477. [PMID: 33320615 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, an increasing rate of mortality due to myocardial infarction (MI) has led to the development of nanobased platforms, especially gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), as promising nanomaterials for diagnosis and treatment of MI. These promising NPs have been used to develop different nanobiosensors, mainly optical sensors for early detection of biomarkers as well as biomimetic/bioinspired platforms for cardiac tissue engineering (CTE). Therefore, in this Review, we presented an overview on the potential application of AuNPs as optical (surface plasmon resonance, colorimetric, fluorescence, and chemiluminescence) nanobiosensors for early diagnosis and prognosis of MI. On the other hand, we discussed the potential application of AuNPs either alone or with other NPs/polymers as promising three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds to regulate the microenvironment and mimic the morphological and electrical features of cardiac cells for potential application in CTE. Furthermore, we presented the challenges and ongoing efforts associated with the application of AuNPs in the diagnosis and treatment of MI. In conclusion, this Review may provide outstanding information regarding the development of AuNP-based technology as a promising platform for current MI treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suliman Khan
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Jingba Road, NO.2, 450014 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.,Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Farnoosh Attar
- Department of Food Toxicology, Research Center of Food Technology and Agricultural Products, Standard Research Institute (SRI), Karaj 14155-6139, Iran
| | - Majid Sharifi
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rabeea Siddique
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Jingba Road, NO.2, 450014 Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Mojtaba Falahati
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Zhang L, Sun Y, Liang X, Yang Y, Meng X, Zhang Q, Li P, Zhou Y. Cysteamine triggered “turn-on” fluorescence sensor for total detection of fumonisin B1, B2 and B3. Food Chem 2020; 327:127058. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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Shi C, Xie H, Ma Y, Yang Z, Zhang J. Nanoscale Technologies in Highly Sensitive Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:531. [PMID: 32582663 PMCID: PMC7289988 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death and morbidity in the world and are a major contributor to healthcare costs. Although enormous progress has been made in diagnosing CVD, there is an urgent need for more efficient early detection and the development of novel diagnostic tools. Currently, CVD diagnosis relies primarily on clinical symptoms based on molecular imaging (MOI) or biomarkers associated with CVDs. However, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the assay are still challenging for early-stage CVDs. Nanomaterial platform has been identified as a promising candidate for improving the practical usage of diagnostic tools because of their unique physicochemical properties. In this review article, we introduced cardiac biomarkers and imaging techniques that are currently used for CVD diagnosis. We presented the applications of various nanotechnologies on diagnosis within cardiac immunoassays (CIAs) and molecular imaging. We also summarized and compared different cardiac immunoassays based on their sensitivities and working ranges of biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohong Shi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Wenling, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling, China
| | - Haotian Xie
- Department of Mathematics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Yifan Ma
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Zhaogang Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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Han GR, Kim MG. Highly Sensitive Chemiluminescence-Based Lateral Flow Immunoassay for Cardiac Troponin I Detection in Human Serum. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20092593. [PMID: 32370181 PMCID: PMC7248921 DOI: 10.3390/s20092593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Lateral flow assays (LFAs) have become the most common biosensing platforms for point-of-care testing due to their compliance with the ASSURED (affordable, sensitive, specific, user-friendly, rapid/robust, equipment-free, and deliverable to end-users) guidelines stipulated by the World Health Organization. However, the limited analytical sensitivity and low quantitative capability of conventional LFAs, which use gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for colorimetric labeling, have prevented high-performance testing. Here, we report the development of a highly sensitive chemiluminescence (CL)-based LFA involving AuNPs conjugated with aldehyde-activated peroxidase and antibody molecules-i.e., AuNP-(ald)HRP-Ab-as a new conjugation scheme for high-performance testing in LFAs. When paired with the CL-based signal readout modality, the AuNP-(ald)HRP-Ab conjugate resulted in 110-fold enhanced sensitivity over the colorimetric response of a typical AuNP-Ab conjugate. To evaluate the performance of the CL-based LFA, we tested it with human cardiac troponin I (cTnI; a standard cardiac biomarker used to diagnose myocardial infarction) in standard and clinical serum samples. Testing the standard samples revealed a detection limit of 5.6 pg·mL-1 and acceptably reliable precision (with a coefficient of variation of 2.3%-8.4%), according to clinical guidelines. Moreover, testing the clinical samples revealed a high correlation (r = 0.97) with standard biochemical analyzers, demonstrating the potential clinical utility of the CL-based LFA for high-performance cTnI testing.
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12
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Haghighi AH, Khorasani MT, Faghih Z, Farjadian F. Effects of different quantities of antibody conjugated with magnetic nanoparticles on cell separation efficiency. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03677. [PMID: 32280795 PMCID: PMC7136644 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody-conjugated magnetic nanoparticles (Ab-MNPs) have received considerable attention in bioseparation and clinical diagnostics assays due to their unique ability to detect and isolate a variety of biomolecules and cells. Because antibodies can be expensive, a key challenge for bioconjugation is to determine the optimal amount of antibodies with reasonable antigen-capturing activity. We designed an approach to determine the minimum amounts of antibodies for efficient coating. Different quantities of Herceptin (anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2: HER2) antibody were applied and immobilized on the surface of MNPs. Antibody binding was then checked by using an anti-human antibody conjugated with fluorochrome and flow cytometry. When the ratio of MNPs to antibodies increased from 0.79 to 795.45, mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of conjugated MNPs decreased markedly from 185.56 to 20.07, indicating lower surface antibody coverage. We then investigated the relation between antibody content and isolation efficiency. Three Ab-MNP samples with different MFI were used to isolate SK-BR-3, a HER2-positive breast cancer cell line, from mixtures of whole blood or mononuclear cells. After isolation in a magnetic field, separation efficiency was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry-based techniques. Our results collectively showed that the amount of anti-HER2 antibodies for conjugation with MNPs could be decreased by as much as one-fifteenth without compromising isolation efficiency, which in turn can reduce the cost of immunoassay biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Haghighi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Faghih
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Farjadian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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