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Cornejo-Pareja I, Amiar MR, Ocaña-Wilhelmi L, Soler-Humanes R, Arranz-Salas I, Garrido-Sánchez L, Gutiérrez-Repiso C, Tinahones FJ. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with morbid obesity: the gut microbiota axis as a potential pathophysiology mechanism. J Gastroenterol 2024; 59:329-341. [PMID: 38265508 PMCID: PMC10959783 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-023-02075-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Alterations in gut microbiota are associated with the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, including metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). The aim of this study was to evaluate gut microbiota composition and functionality in patients with morbid obesity with different degrees of MAFLD, as assessed by biopsy. SUBJECTS/METHODS 110 patients with morbid obesity were evaluated by biopsy obtained during bariatric surgery for MAFLD. Stool samples were collected prior to surgery for microbiota analysis. RESULTS Gut microbiota from patients with steatosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) were characterized by an enrichment in Enterobacteriaceae (an ethanol-producing bacteria), Acidaminococcus and Megasphaera and the depletion of Eggerthellaceae and Ruminococcaceae (SCFA-producing bacteria). MAFLD was also associated with enrichment of pathways related to proteinogenic amino acid degradation, succinate production, menaquinol-7 (K2-vitamin) biosynthesis, and saccharolytic and proteolytic fermentation. Basic histological hepatic alterations (steatosis, necroinflammatory activity, or fibrosis) were associated with specific changes in microbiota patterns. Overall, the core microbiome related to basic histological alterations in MAFLD showed an increase in Enterobacteriaceae and a decrease in Ruminococcaceae. Specifically, Escherichia coli was associated with steatosis and necroinflammatory activity, whilst Escherichia-shigella was associated with fibrosis and necroinflammatory activity. CONCLUSIONS We established a link between gut microbiota alterations and histological injury in liver diagnosis using biopsy. Harmful products such as ethanol or succinate may be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of MAFLD. Thus, these alterations in gut microbiota patterns and their possible metabolic pathways could add information to the classical predictors of MAFLD severity and suggest novel metabolic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Cornejo-Pareja
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Malaga University, Campus Teatinos S/N, 29010, Málaga, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-Plataforma BIONAND (IBIMA), Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Malaga University, 2ª Planta, Campus Teatinos S/N, 29010, Málaga, Spain.
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 29010, Málaga, Spain.
- Department of Medicine and Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, 29010, Málaga, Spain.
| | - Mohamed Reda Amiar
- Department of Medicine and Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, 29010, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Clinical Analysis Laboratory, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - Luís Ocaña-Wilhelmi
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-Plataforma BIONAND (IBIMA), Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Malaga University, 2ª Planta, Campus Teatinos S/N, 29010, Málaga, Spain
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, 29010, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Surgical Specialities, Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rocío Soler-Humanes
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-Plataforma BIONAND (IBIMA), Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Malaga University, 2ª Planta, Campus Teatinos S/N, 29010, Málaga, Spain
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - Isabel Arranz-Salas
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-Plataforma BIONAND (IBIMA), Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Malaga University, 2ª Planta, Campus Teatinos S/N, 29010, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Human Physiology, Human Histology, Anatomical Pathology and Physical Education, Malaga University, 29010, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Málaga, Spain
| | - Lourdes Garrido-Sánchez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Malaga University, Campus Teatinos S/N, 29010, Málaga, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-Plataforma BIONAND (IBIMA), Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Malaga University, 2ª Planta, Campus Teatinos S/N, 29010, Málaga, Spain.
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 29010, Málaga, Spain.
| | - Carolina Gutiérrez-Repiso
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Malaga University, Campus Teatinos S/N, 29010, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-Plataforma BIONAND (IBIMA), Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Malaga University, 2ª Planta, Campus Teatinos S/N, 29010, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco Jose Tinahones
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Malaga University, Campus Teatinos S/N, 29010, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-Plataforma BIONAND (IBIMA), Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Malaga University, 2ª Planta, Campus Teatinos S/N, 29010, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 29010, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, 29010, Málaga, Spain
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Zong X, Zhang H, Zhu L, Deehan EC, Fu J, Wang Y, Jin M. Auricularia auricula polysaccharides attenuate obesity in mice through gut commensal Papillibacter cinnamivorans. J Adv Res 2023; 52:203-218. [PMID: 37549868 PMCID: PMC10555930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Auricularia auricula is a well-known traditional edible and medical fungus with high nutritional and pharmacological values, as well as metabolic and immunoregulatory properties. Nondigestible fermentable polysaccharides are identified as primary bioactive constituents of Auricularia auricula extracts. However, the exact mechanisms underlying the effects of Auricularia auricula polysaccharides (AAP) on obesity and related metabolic endpoints, including the role of the gut microbiota, remain insufficiently understood. METHODS The effects of AAP on obesity were assessed within high-fat diet (HFD)-based mice through obesity trait analysis and metabolomic profiling. To determine the mechanistic role of the gut microbiota in observed anti-obesogenic effects AAP, faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and pseudo-germ-free mice model treated with antibiotics were also applied, together with 16S rRNA genomic-derived taxonomic profiling. RESULTS High-fat diet (HFD) murine exposure to AAP thwarted weight gains, reduced fat depositing and enhanced glucose tolerance, together with upregulating thermogenesis proteomic biomarkers within adipose tissue. Serum metabolome indicated these effects were associated with changes in fatty acid metabolism. Intestine-dwelling microbial population assessments discovered that AAP selectively enhanced Papillibacter cinnamivorans, a commensal bacterium with reduced presence in HFD mice. Notably, HFD mice treated with oral formulations of P. cinnamivorans attenuated obesity, which was linked to decreased intestinal lipid transportation and hepatic thermogenesis. Mechanistically, it was demonstrated that P. cinnamivorans regulated intestinal lipids metabolism and liver thermogenesis by reducing the proinflammatory response and gut permeability in a JAK-STAT signaling-related manner. CONCLUSION Datasets from the present study show that AAP thwarted dietary-driven obesity and metabolism-based disorders by regulating intestinal lipid transportation, a mechanism that is dependent on the gut commensal P. cinnamivorans. These results indicated AAP and P. cinnamivorans as newly identified pre- and probiotics that could serve as novel therapeutics against obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Luoyi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Edward C Deehan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Jie Fu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Mingliang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
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3
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Mustafa F, Chopra H, Baig AA, Avula SK, Kumari S, Mohanta TK, Saravanan M, Mishra AK, Sharma N, Mohanta YK. Edible Mushrooms as Novel Myco-Therapeutics: Effects on Lipid Level, Obesity and BMI. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8020211. [PMID: 35205965 PMCID: PMC8880354 DOI: 10.3390/jof8020211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, usually indicated by a body mass index of more than 30 kg/m2, is a worsening global health issue. It leads to chronic diseases, including type II diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Conventional treatments for obesity include physical activity and maintaining a negative energy balance. However, physical activity alone cannot determine body weight as several other factors play a role in the overall energy balance. Alternatively, weight loss may be achieved by medication and surgery. However, these options can be expensive or have side effects. Therefore, dietary factors, including dietary modifications, nutraceutical preparations, and functional foods have been investigated recently. For example, edible mushrooms have beneficial effects on human health. Polysaccharides (essentially β-D-glucans), chitinous substances, heteroglycans, proteoglycans, peptidoglycans, alkaloids, lactones, lectins, alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, terpenes, phenols, nucleotides, glycoproteins, proteins, amino acids, antimicrobials, and minerals are the major bioactive compounds in these mushrooms. These bioactive compounds have chemo-preventive, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective properties. Consumption of edible mushrooms reduces plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and plasma glucose levels. Polysaccharides from edible mushrooms suppress mRNA expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, contributing to their anti-obesity properties. Therefore, edible mushrooms or their active ingredients may help prevent obesity and other chronic ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faheem Mustafa
- School of Health Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54782, Pakistan;
- Unit of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu 20400, Malaysia;
| | - Hitesh Chopra
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India;
| | - Atif Amin Baig
- Unit of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu 20400, Malaysia;
| | - Satya Kumar Avula
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman; (S.K.A.); (T.K.M.)
| | - Sony Kumari
- Department of Applied Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya, Ri-Bhoi 793101, India;
| | - Tapan Kumar Mohanta
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman; (S.K.A.); (T.K.M.)
| | - Muthupandian Saravanan
- AMR and Nanotherapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India;
| | - Awdhesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 8541, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea
- Correspondence: (A.K.M.); (N.S.); (Y.K.M.)
| | - Nanaocha Sharma
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, Imphal 795001, India
- Correspondence: (A.K.M.); (N.S.); (Y.K.M.)
| | - Yugal Kishore Mohanta
- Department of Applied Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya, Ri-Bhoi 793101, India;
- Correspondence: (A.K.M.); (N.S.); (Y.K.M.)
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Abstract
The increasing prevalence of metabolic diseases has become a severe public health problem. Gut microbiota play important roles in maintaining human health by modulating the host's metabolism. Recent evidences demonstrate that Akkermansia muciniphila is effective in improving metabolic disorders and is thus considered as a promising "next-generation beneficial microbe". In addition to the live A. muciniphila, similar or even stronger beneficial effects have been observed in pasteurized A. muciniphila and its components, including the outer membrane protein Amuc_1100, A. muciniphila-derived extracellular vesicles (AmEVs), and secreted protein P9. Hence, this paper presents a systemic review of recent progress in the effects and mechanisms of A. muciniphila and its components in the treatment of metabolic diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, as well as perspectives on its future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yan
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Sheng
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Lili Sheng
| | - Houkai Li
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,CONTACT Houkai Li Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China
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5
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Sun S, Sun L, Wang K, Qiao S, Zhao X, Hu X, Chen W, Zhang S, Li H, Dai H, Liu H. The gut commensal fungus, Candida parapsilosis, promotes high fat-diet induced obesity in mice. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1220. [PMID: 34697386 PMCID: PMC8546080 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02753-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut fungi is known to play many important roles in human health regulations. Herein, we investigate the anti-obesity efficacy of the antifungal antibiotics (amphotericin B, fluconazole and 5-fluorocytosine) in the high fat diet-fed (HFD) mice. Supplementation of amphotericin B or fluconazole in water can effectively inhibit obesity and its related disorders, whereas 5-fluorocytosine exhibit little effects. The gut fungus Candida parapsilosis is identified as a key commensal fungus related to the diet-induced obesity by the culture-dependent method and the inoculation assay with C. parapsilosis in the fungi-free mice. In addition, the increase of free fatty acids in the gut due to the production of fungal lipases from C. parapsilosis is confirmed as one mechanism by which C. parapsilosis promotes obesity. The current study demonstrates the gut C. parapsilosis as a causal fungus for the development of diet-induced obesity in mice and highlights the therapeutic strategy targeting the gut fungi. Shanshan Sun, Li Sun, Kai Wang, et al. report that the gut commensal Candida parapsilosis is a causative fungus for the development of high fat-diet induced obesity in mice. Their results suggest that fungi could represent possible targets for combating obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Shanshan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xinyue Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiaomin Hu
- Department of Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Dept. of Health Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hantian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Huanqin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Hongwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Han HS, Lee HH, Gil HS, Chung KS, Kim JK, Kim DH, Yoon J, Chung EK, Lee JK, Yang WM, Shin YK, Ahn HS, Lee SH, Lee KT. Standardized hot water extract from the leaves of Hydrangea serrata (Thunb.) Ser. alleviates obesity via the AMPK pathway and modulation of the gut microbiota composition in high fat diet-induced obese mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:2672-2685. [PMID: 33656018 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02185g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is an increasing health problem worldwide as it is the major risk factor for metabolic diseases. In the present study, we investigated the anti-obesity effects of WHS by examining its effects on high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a normal diet (ND) or a high fat diet (HFD) with or without WHS. At the end of the experiment, we observed the changes in their body weight and white adipose tissue (WAT) weight and lipid profiles in plasma. We performed western blot and histological analyses of WAT and liver to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of action. We also conducted fecal 16S rRNA analysis for investigating the gut microbiota. Our results indicated that pre- and post-oral administration of WHS significantly prevented body weight gain and reduced body fat weight in HFD-induced obese mice. In addition, WHS was found to improve adipocyte hypertrophy and liver fat accumulation by regulating the AMPK and AKT/mTOR pathways. WHS ameliorated hyperlipidemia by reducing total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and decreased the energy metabolism-related hormones, leptin and insulin, in mouse plasma. Furthermore, we found that WHS modulated gut dysbiosis by normalizing HFD-induced changes. Taken together, our in vivo data implicate that WHS can be considered as a potential dietary supplement for alleviating obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Soo Han
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Hussain A, Kwon MH, Kim HK, Lee HS, Cho JS, Lee YI. Anti-Obesity Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum LB818 Is Associated with Regulation of Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet-Fed Obese Mice. J Med Food 2020; 23:750-759. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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8
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Catalkaya G, Venema K, Lucini L, Rocchetti G, Delmas D, Daglia M, De Filippis A, Xiao H, Quiles JL, Xiao J, Capanoglu E. Interaction of dietary polyphenols and gut microbiota: Microbial metabolism of polyphenols, influence on the gut microbiota, and implications on host health. FOOD FRONTIERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Catalkaya
- Department of Food Engineering Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Koen Venema
- Centre for Healthy Eating & Food Innovation Faculty of Science and Engineering Maastricht University ‐ Campus Venlo Venlo The Netherlands
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM) Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Piacenza Italy
| | - Gabriele Rocchetti
- Department for Sustainable Food Process Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Piacenza Italy
| | - Dominique Delmas
- INSERM Research Center U1231 Université de Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Centre anticancéreux Georges François Leclerc Université de Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Dijon 21000 France
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Anna De Filippis
- Department of Pharmacy University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science University of Massachusetts Amherst MA USA
| | - José L. Quiles
- Department of Physiology Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology ‘‘José Mataix” Biomedical Research Centre University of Granada Granada Spain
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine University of Macau Taipa Macau
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey
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9
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Wu TR, Lin CS, Chang CJ, Lin TL, Martel J, Ko YF, Ojcius DM, Lu CC, Young JD, Lai HC. Gut commensal Parabacteroides goldsteinii plays a predominant role in the anti-obesity effects of polysaccharides isolated from Hirsutella sinensis. Gut 2019; 68:248-262. [PMID: 30007918 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-315458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 454] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The medicinal fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis and its anamorph Hirsutella sinensis have a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine for their immunomodulatory properties. Alterations of the gut microbiota have been described in obesity and type 2 diabetes. We examined the possibility that H. sinensis mycelium (HSM) and isolated fractions containing polysaccharides may prevent diet-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes by modulating the composition of the gut microbiota. DESIGN High-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice were treated with HSM or fractions containing polysaccharides of different molecular weights. The effects of HSM and polysaccharides on the gut microbiota were assessed by horizontal faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), antibiotic treatment and 16S rDNA-based microbiota analysis. RESULTS Fraction H1 containing high-molecular weight polysaccharides (>300 kDa) considerably reduced body weight gain (∼50% reduction) and metabolic disorders in HFD-fed mice. These effects were associated with increased expression of thermogenesis protein markers in adipose tissues, enhanced gut integrity, reduced intestinal and systemic inflammation and improved insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism. Gut microbiota analysis revealed that H1 polysaccharides selectively promoted the growth of Parabacteroides goldsteinii, a commensal bacterium whose level was reduced in HFD-fed mice. FMT combined with antibiotic treatment showed that neomycin-sensitive gut bacteria negatively correlated with obesity traits and were required for H1's anti-obesogenic effects. Notably, oral treatment of HFD-fed mice with live P. goldsteinii reduced obesity and was associated with increased adipose tissue thermogenesis, enhanced intestinal integrity and reduced levels of inflammation and insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS HSM polysaccharides and the gut bacterium P. goldsteinii represent novel prebiotics and probiotics that may be used to treat obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Ru Wu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Sheng Lin
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan.,Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan.,Microbiota Research Center, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan.,Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Gueishan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jung Chang
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan.,Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan.,Microbiota Research Center, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan.,Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Gueishan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Lung Lin
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan
| | - Jan Martel
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan.,Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Gueishan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Fei Ko
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Gueishan, Taiwan.,Chang Gung Biotechnology Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan.,Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology, Taishan, Taiwan
| | - David M Ojcius
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan.,Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Gueishan, Taiwan.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Pacific, Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Chia-Chen Lu
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Fu Jen Catholic University, Xinzhuang, Taiwan
| | - John D Young
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan.,Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Gueishan, Taiwan.,Chang Gung Biotechnology Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan.,Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology, Taishan, Taiwan.,Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, USA
| | - Hsin-Chih Lai
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan.,Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan.,Microbiota Research Center, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan.,Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Gueishan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Gueishan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Gueishan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Gueishan, Taiwan
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10
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Wiss DA, Avena N, Rada P. Sugar Addiction: From Evolution to Revolution. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:545. [PMID: 30464748 PMCID: PMC6234835 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The obesity epidemic has been widely publicized in the media worldwide. Investigators at all levels have been looking for factors that have contributed to the development of this epidemic. Two major theories have been proposed: (1) sedentary lifestyle and (2) variety and ease of inexpensive palatable foods. In the present review, we analyze how nutrients like sugar that are often used to make foods more appealing could also lead to habituation and even in some cases addiction thereby uniquely contributing to the obesity epidemic. We review the evolutionary aspects of feeding and how they have shaped the human brain to function in "survival mode" signaling to "eat as much as you can while you can." This leads to our present understanding of how the dopaminergic system is involved in reward and its functions in hedonistic rewards, like eating of highly palatable foods, and drug addiction. We also review how other neurotransmitters, like acetylcholine, interact in the satiation processes to counteract the dopamine system. Lastly, we analyze the important question of whether there is sufficient empirical evidence of sugar addiction, discussed within the broader context of food addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Wiss
- Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Nicole Avena
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Pedro Rada
- School of Medicine, University of Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela
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11
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Wiley NC, Dinan TG, Ross RP, Stanton C, Clarke G, Cryan JF. The microbiota-gut-brain axis as a key regulator of neural function and the stress response: Implications for human and animal health. J Anim Sci 2018; 95:3225-3246. [PMID: 28727115 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016.1256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain-gut-microbiota axis comprises an extensive communication network between the brain, the gut, and the microbiota residing there. Development of a diverse gut microbiota is vital for multiple features of behavior and physiology, as well as many fundamental aspects of brain structure and function. Appropriate early-life assembly of the gut microbiota is also believed to play a role in subsequent emotional and cognitive development. If the composition, diversity, or assembly of the gut microbiota is impaired, this impairment can have a negative impact on host health and lead to disorders such as obesity, diabetes, inflammatory diseases, and even potentially neuropsychiatric illnesses, including anxiety and depression. Therefore, much research effort in recent years has focused on understanding the potential of targeting the intestinal microbiota to prevent and treat such disorders. This review aims to explore the influence of the gut microbiota on host neural function and behavior, particularly those of relevance to stress-related disorders. The involvement of microbiota in diverse neural functions such as myelination, microglia function, neuronal morphology, and blood-brain barrier integrity across the life span, from early life to adolescence to old age, will also be discussed. Nurturing an optimal gut microbiome may also prove beneficial in animal science as a means to manage stressful situations and to increase productivity of farm animals. The implications of these observations are manifold, and researchers are hopeful that this promising body of preclinical work can be successfully translated to the clinic and beyond.
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12
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Pop OL, Dulf FV, Cuibus L, Castro-Giráldez M, Fito PJ, Vodnar DC, Coman C, Socaciu C, Suharoschi R. Characterization of a Sea Buckthorn Extract and Its Effect on Free and Encapsulated Lactobacillus casei. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122513. [PMID: 29186761 PMCID: PMC5751116 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are bacteria that can provide health benefits to consumers and are suitable to be added to a variety of foods. In this research, viability of immobilized Lactobacillus casei in alginate with or without sea buckthorn lipid extract were studied during heat treatment and with an in vitro gastrointestinal model. The characterization of the lipid extract was also done using the UV-Vis spectrometry (UV-Vis), high-performance liquid chromatography photodiode array detection method (HPLC-PDA), gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GS-MS) and Cryo scanning electron microscopy (Cryo-SEM). During heat treatment, the entrapped probiotic cells proved high viability (>6 CFU log/g), even at temperatures above 50 °C. The rich in monounsaturated fatty acids sea buckthorn fraction improved the in vitro digestion passage regarding the probiotic viability. The survival of the probiotic cells was 15% higher after 2 h in the acidic medium of the simulated gastric fluid in the sample where L. casei was encapsulated with the sea buckthorn extract compared with the samples where no extract was added. Thus, this approach may be effective for the future development of probiotic-supplemented foods as foods with health welfare for the consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Lelia Pop
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.L.P.); (L.C.); (D.C.V.); (C.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Francisc Vasile Dulf
- Department of Environmental and Plant Protection, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Lucian Cuibus
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.L.P.); (L.C.); (D.C.V.); (C.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Marta Castro-Giráldez
- Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos para el Desarrollo, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (M.C.-G.); (P.J.F.)
| | - Pedro J. Fito
- Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos para el Desarrollo, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (M.C.-G.); (P.J.F.)
| | - Dan Cristian Vodnar
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.L.P.); (L.C.); (D.C.V.); (C.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Cristina Coman
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.L.P.); (L.C.); (D.C.V.); (C.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Carmen Socaciu
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.L.P.); (L.C.); (D.C.V.); (C.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Ramona Suharoschi
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.L.P.); (L.C.); (D.C.V.); (C.C.); (C.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-730-630-252
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13
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Hussain A, Yadav MK, Bose S, Wang JH, Lim D, Song YK, Ko SG, Kim H. Daesiho-Tang Is an Effective Herbal Formulation in Attenuation of Obesity in Mice through Alteration of Gene Expression and Modulation of Intestinal Microbiota. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165483. [PMID: 27812119 PMCID: PMC5094769 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity has become a major global health challenge due to its increasing prevalence, and the associated health risk. It is the main cause of various metabolic diseases including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke and certain forms of cancer. Methods and Results In the present study we evaluated the anti-obesity property of Daesiho-tang (DSHT), an herbal medicine, using high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice as a model. Our results showed that DSHT ameliorated body weight gain, decreased total body fat, regulated expression of leptin and adiponectin genes of adipose tissue and exerted an anti-diabetic effect by attenuating fasting glucose level and serum insulin level in HFD-fed animals. In addition, DSHT-treatment significantly reduced total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and increased high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) levels in serum and reduced deposition of fat droplets in liver. DSHT treatment resulted in significantly increased relative abundance of bacteria including Bacteroidetes, Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, Akkermansia Bifidobacterium., Lactobacillus, and decreased the level of Firmicutes. Using RT2 profiler PCR array, 39 (46%) genes were found to be differentially expressed in HFD-fed mice compared to normal control. However, normal gene expressions were restored in 36 (92%) genes of HFD-fed mice, when co-exposed to DSHT. Conclusion/Major Findings The results of this study demonstrated that DSHT is an effective herbal formulation in attenuation of obesity in HFD-fed mice through alteration of gene expressions and modulation of intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahtesham Hussain
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Mukesh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Medical Device Clinical Trials, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shambhunath Bose
- Applied Surface Technology Inc., 11th Floor, Bldg. A, Advance Institutes of Convergence Technology, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Jing-Hua Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Meishan Road 103, Hefei, Anhui Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongwoo Lim
- Department of pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Kyung Song
- Department of Korean Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyunghee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Nieuwboer MD, Browne P, Claassen E. Patient needs and research priorities in probiotics: A quantitative KOL prioritization analysis with emphasis on infants and children. PHARMANUTRITION 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Fernández J, Redondo-Blanco S, M. Miguélez E, J. Villar C, Clemente A, Lombó F. Healthy effects of prebiotics and their metabolites against intestinal diseases and colorectal cancer. AIMS Microbiol 2015. [DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2015.1.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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