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Abdelgawad HA, Lian Z, Yin Y, Fang T, Tian M, Yu S. Characterization of Brucella abortus Mutant A19mut2, a Potential DIVA Vaccine Candidate with a Modification on Lipopolysaccharide. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1273. [PMID: 37515088 PMCID: PMC10385478 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11071273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brucella abortus is the main causative agent for bovine brucellosis. B. abortus A19 is a widely used vaccine strain to protect cows from Brucella infection in China. However, A19 has a similar lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigen to that of the field virulent Brucella strain, whose immunization interferes with the serodiagnosis of vaccinated and infected animals. [Aim] To develop a novel Brucella DIVA vaccine candidate. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The B. abortus mutant A19mut2 with the formyltransferase gene wbkC is replaced by an acetyltransferase gene wbdR from E. coli O157 using the bacterial homologous recombination technique, generating a modified O-polysaccharide that cannot induce antibodies in mice against wild-type Brucella LPS. The biological phenotypes of the A19mut2 were assessed using a growth curve analysis, agglutination tests, Western blotting, and stress resistance assays. Histopathological changes and bacterial colonization in the spleens of vaccinated mice were investigated to assess the residual virulence and protection of the A19mut2. Humoral and cellular immunity was evaluated by measuring the levels of IgG, IgG subtypes, and the release of cytokines IFN-γ and IL10 in the splenocytes of the vaccinated mice. ELISA coated with wild-type LPS can distinguish mouse antibodies induced by A19 and A19mut2 immunization. RESULTS The A19mut2 showed a decreased residual virulence in mice, compared to the A19 strain, but induced significant humoral and cellular immune responses, as the A19 immunization did. The protection efficacy of A19mut2 immunization against B. abortus S2308 NalR infection was similar to that of A19 immunization. CONCLUSION The A19mut2 has potential as a novel DIVA vaccine candidate in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosny Ahmed Abdelgawad
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt
| | - Zhengmin Lian
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yi Yin
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Tian Fang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Mingxing Tian
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shengqing Yu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High-Tech Research and Development of Veterinary Biopharmaceuticals, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Veterinary Bio-Pharmaceutical, Taizhou 225309, China
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Heidary M, Dashtbin S, Ghanavati R, Mahdizade Ari M, Bostanghadiri N, Darbandi A, Navidifar T, Talebi M. Evaluation of Brucellosis Vaccines: A Comprehensive Review. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:925773. [PMID: 35923818 PMCID: PMC9339783 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.925773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a bacterial zoonosis caused by Brucella spp. which can lead to heavy economic losses and severe human diseases. Thus, controlling brucellosis is very important. Due to humans easily gaining brucellosis from animals, animal brucellosis control programs can help the eradication of human brucellosis. There are two popular vaccines against animal brucellosis. Live attenuated Brucella abortus strain 19 (S19 vaccine) is the first effective and most extensively used vaccine for the prevention of brucellosis in cattle. Live attenuated Brucella melitensis strain Rev.1 (Rev.1 vaccine) is the most effective vaccine against caprine and ovine brucellosis. Although these two vaccines provide good immunity for animals against brucellosis, the expense of persistent serological responses is one of the main problems of both vaccines. The advantages and limitations of Brucella vaccines, especially new vaccine candidates, have been less studied. In addition, there is an urgent need for new strategies to control and eradicate this disease. Therefore, this narrative review aims to present an updated overview of the available different types of brucellosis vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Heidary
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Shirin Dashtbin
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Ghanavati
- School of Paramedical Sciences, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Marzie Mahdizade Ari
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narjess Bostanghadiri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Darbandi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Malihe Talebi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Malihe Talebi
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Development of Brucella melitensis Rev.1 ΔOmp19 mutants with DIVA feature and comparison of their efficacy against three commercial vaccines in a mouse model. Mol Immunol 2021; 133:44-52. [PMID: 33631554 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Brucella is an intracellular zoonotic pathogen that can affect many hosts. Brucella melitensis Rev.1 is a live attenuated, is one of the most effective vaccine strain against brucellosis. It can be used safely in sheep, goats, and even cattle. Although many studies are available on this topic, there is no effective vaccine strain for sheep and goats that distinguishes the antibody titer produced between the field infections and vaccinations. Outer membrane protein 19 (Omp 19) is both virulent and a protective antigen found on the cell-wall of the Brucella strain. In this study, used the suicide plasmid pJQ200KS, which contained homologous region without Omp19 Open Reading Frame (ORF) that was transferred to B. melitensis Rev.1 and further transformed into spheroplasts along with penicillin, ampicillin, and glycine by electroporation. To obtain a mutant vector from Escherichia coli, we used the heat shock transformation method along with the blue-white colony screening using X-gal media, whereas for the gene transfer in Brucella, we used electroporation. A scanning electron microscope (S.E.M) was used to observe the spheroplast transformation while the mutant vector and deletion mutants were confirmed through PCR and sequence analysis. In the mouse model efficacy trials, three commercial vaccines were found to comply with the OIE standards. Although the deletion mutants 19 and 44/10 had similar efficiency as the commercial vaccines in terms of stimulation power, the ELISA test with Omp19 protein showed the same results as the negative control. The Rev.1 Omp19 deletion mutants obtained in this study contained sufficient residual virulence, and their protective immunity was similar to the commercial vaccines. The study showed that a vaccine prepared using a B. melitensis Rev.1 ΔOmp19 can act as a marker vaccine or differentiate infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA) through the ELISA test that detects the Omp19 protein.
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Qiu X, Xu P, Zhao X, Du G, Zhang J, Li J. Combining genetically-encoded biosensors with high throughput strain screening to maximize erythritol production in Yarrowia lipolytica. Metab Eng 2020; 60:66-76. [PMID: 32224262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Erythritol is an important sweetener ingredient and chemical precursor for synthesizing materials with phase transition behavior. Commercial erythritol is primarily produced by industrial fermentation. Further strain engineering necessitates the development of high throughput screening method for rapid detection and screening of mutant strain libraries. In this work, we took advantage of the erythritol-responsive transcription factor EryD, and constructed a sensor-regulator system for rapid screening and characterization of erythritol overproducers. We configured the optimal architecture of the EryD sensor-regulator construct with improved sensitivity, specificity and dynamic response range. Coupled with mutagenesis and strain screening based on biosensors, we rapidly screened and characterized a strain library containing 1152 mutants derived from combined UV and ARTP mutagenesis, in a relatively short period of time (1 week). The optimal strain produced more than 148 g/L erythritol in bench-top reactors. This work provides a reference for other metabolic engineering researchers to develop industrially-relevant strains. The reported framework enables us to rapidly improve strain performance and engineer efficient microbial cell factories for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Qiu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, 21250, USA
| | - Xinrui Zhao
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China; The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China; The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jianghua Li
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhang H, Wang B, Wu W, Deng X, Shao Z, Yi J, Wang Z, Yang N, Wang Y, Wang Y, Chen C. Insights into irr and rirA gene regulation on the virulence of Brucella melitensis M5-90. Can J Microbiol 2020; 66:351-358. [PMID: 32040345 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2019-0393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Iron is a fundamental element required by most organisms, including Brucella. Several researchers have suggested that the iron response regulator (irr) and rhizobial iron regulator (rirA) genes regulate iron acquisition by Brucella abortus, influencing heme synthesis by and virulence of this pathogen. However, little is known about another Brucella species, Brucella melitensis. In this research, we successfully constructed two mutants: M5-90Δirr and M5-90ΔrirA. The adhesion, invasion, and intracellular survivability of these two mutants were evaluated in RAW264.7 cells infected with 1 × 106 CFU of M5-90Δirr, M5-90ΔrirA, or M5-90. We also tested the sensitivity of cells to hydrogen peroxide and their ability to grow. In addition, the virulence of these two mutants was evaluated in BALB/c mice. The results showed that the ability of these two mutants to invade and adhere inside the murine macrophages RAW264.7 was attenuated but their ability to replicate intracellularly was strengthened, enhancing the resistance to hydrogen peroxide. The M5-90Δirr mutant showed stronger growth ability than the parental strain under iron-limiting conditions. No differences were observed in the number of bacteria in spleen between M5-90 and M5-90Δirr at 7 or 15 days postinfection. However, the number of M5-90ΔrirA in spleen reduced significantly at 15 days postinfection. The splenic index of the M5-90Δirr group is evidently lower than that of M5-90. This is the first report that irr and rirA genes of B. melitensis are associated not only with virulence but also with growth ability. Together, our data suggest that M5-90Δirr is a promising Brucella vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China
| | - Benben Wang
- School of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China
| | - Wenxing Wu
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Deng
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China
| | - Zhiran Shao
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China
| | - Jihai Yi
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China
| | - Ningning Yang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China
| | - Yuanzhi Wang
- School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China
| | - Chuangfu Chen
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China
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Li Z, Wang S, Zhang H, Xi L, Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhou Q, Yi J, Li M, Zhang W, Zhang J. Development and evaluation of in murine model, of an improved live-vaccine candidate against brucellosis from to Brucella melitensis vjbR deletion mutant. Microb Pathog 2018; 124:250-257. [PMID: 30149131 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Brucellosis is an infectious disease that brings enormous economic burdens for developing countries. The Brucella melitensis (B. melitensis) M5-90 vaccine strain (M5-90) has been used on a large scale in China, but may cause abortions if given to pregnant goats or sheep subcutaneously during the late stages of gestation. Moreover, the vaccine M5-90 cannot differentiate natural from vaccinated infection. Therefore, a safer and more potent M5-90 vaccine is required. In this study, a vjbR mutant of M5-90 (M5-90ΔvjbR) was constructed and overcame these drawbacks. M5-90ΔvjbR strain showed reduced survival capability in murine macrophages (RAW 264.7) and BALB/c mice and induced high protective immunity in mice. In addition, M5-90ΔvjbR induced an anti-Brucella-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) response and stimulated the expression of gamma interferon (INF-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in vaccinated mice. Furthermore, M5-90ΔvjbR induced IgG response and stimulated the secretion of IFN-γ and IL-4 in immunized sheep. Moreover, the VjbR antigen allowed serological differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals. These results suggest that M5-90ΔvjbR is an ideal live attenuated and efficacious live vaccine candidate against B. melitensis 16 M infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Li
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, Henan, China
| | - Shuli Wang
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, Henan, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Li Xi
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, Henan, China
| | - Jinliang Zhang
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, Henan, China
| | - Xiaogen Zhang
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, Henan, China
| | - Qingfeng Zhou
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, Henan, China
| | - Jihai Yi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Weihua Zhang
- First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu, 476000, Henan, China
| | - Junbo Zhang
- College of Biology, Agriculture and Forestry, Tongren University, Tongren, 554300, Guizhou, China
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Abstract
Abstract
Brucellosis is one of the most prevalent zoonoses in the world. Incidence of the disease has increased significantly in recent years and has seriously affected the health of human beings and the development of animal husbandry. The pathogenesis of brucellosis remains unclear. Current studies suggest that this disease may be related to changes in natural killer cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages in immune cell subsets. Brucellosis may be also related to T helper (Th) 1 cell/Th2 cell imbalance in the CD4+ T cell subset, immunoregulation of regulatory T cells and Th17 cells, and the mechanism of action of CD8+ T cell. This paper aims to review the research progress on these inherent immune cells, the CD4+ T cell subset, and CD8+ T cells in Brucella infection.
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Carvalho TF, Haddad JPA, Paixão TA, Santos RL. Meta-Analysis and Advancement of Brucellosis Vaccinology. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166582. [PMID: 27846274 PMCID: PMC5112997 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives In spite of all the research effort for developing new vaccines against brucellosis, it remains unclear whether these new vaccine technologies will in fact become widely used. The goal of this study was to perform a meta-analysis to identify parameters that influence vaccine efficacy as well as a descriptive analysis on how the field of Brucella vaccinology is advancing concerning type of vaccine, improvement of protection on animal models over time, and factors that may affect protection in the mouse model. Methods A total of 117 publications that met the criteria were selected for inclusion in this study, with a total of 782 individual experiments analyzed. Results Attenuated (n = 221), inactivated (n = 66) and mutant (n = 102) vaccines provided median protection index above 2, whereas subunit (n = 287), DNA (n = 68), and vectored (n = 38) vaccines provided protection indexes lower than 2. When all categories of experimental vaccines are analyzed together, the trend line clearly demonstrates that there was no improvement of the protection indexes over the past 30 years, with a low negative and non significant linear coefficient. A meta-regression model was developed including all vaccine categories (attenuated, DNA, inactivated, mutant, subunit, and vectored) considering the protection index as a dependent variable and the other parameters (mouse strain, route of vaccination, number of vaccinations, use of adjuvant, challenge Brucella species) as independent variables. Some of these variables influenced the expected protection index of experimental vaccines against Brucella spp. in the mouse model. Conclusion In spite of the large number of publication over the past 30 years, our results indicate that there is not clear trend to improve the protective potential of these experimental vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane F. Carvalho
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - João Paulo A. Haddad
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Tatiane A. Paixão
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Renato L. Santos
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Kwon AJ, Moon JY, Kim WK, Kim S, Hur J. Protection efficacy of the Brucella abortus ghost vaccine candidate lysed by the N-terminal 24-amino acid fragment (GI24) of the 36-amino acid peptide PMAP-36 (porcine myeloid antimicrobial peptide 36) in murine models. J Vet Med Sci 2016; 78:1541-1548. [PMID: 27349900 PMCID: PMC5095622 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.16-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucella abortus cells were lysed by the N-terminal 24-amino acid fragment (GI24) of the 36-amino acid peptide PMAP-36 (porcine myeloid
antimicrobial peptide 36). Next, the protection efficacy of the lysed fragment as a vaccine candidate was evaluated. Group A mice were immunized with sterile
PBS, group B mice were intraperitoneally (ip) immunized with 3 × 108 colony-forming units (CFUs) of B. abortus strain RB51, group C
mice were immunized ip with 3 × 108 cells of the B. abortus vaccine candidate, and group D mice were orally immunized with 3 ×
109 cells of the B. abortus vaccine candidate. Brucella lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-specific serum IgG titers were
considerably higher in groups C and D than in group A. The levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ)
were significantly higher in groups B–D than in group A. After an ip challenge with B. abortus 544, only group C mice showed a significant
level of protection as compared to group A. Overall, these results show that ip immunization with a vaccine candidate lysed by GI24 can effectively protect mice
from systemic infection with virulent B. abortus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ae Jeong Kwon
- Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
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Zhang H, Dou X, Li Z, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Guo F, Wang Y, Wang Z, Li T, Gu X, Chen C. Expression and regulation of the ery operon of Brucella melitensis in human trophoblast cells. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:2723-2728. [PMID: 27698777 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is primarily a disease of domestic animals in which the bacteria localizes to fetal tissues such as embryonic trophoblast cells and fluids containing erythritol, which stimulates Brucella spp. growth. The utilization of erythritol is a characteristic of the genus Brucella. The ery operon contains four genes (eryA, eryB, eryC and eryD) for the utilization of erythritol, and plays a major role in the survival and multiplication of Brucella spp. The objective of the present study was to conduct a preliminary characterization of differential genes expression of the ery operon at several time points after Brucella infected embryonic trophoblast cells (HPT-8 cells). The result showed that the ery operon expression was higher in HPT-8 cells compared with the medium. The relative expression of eryA, eryB and eryC peaked at 2 h post-infection in HPT-8 cells, and eryD expression peaked at 3 h post-infection. The expression of eryA, eryB and eryC may be inhibited by increased eryD expression. However, the expression of the ery operon was stable in the presence of erythritol in cells. 2308Δery and 027Δery mutants of the ery operon were successfully constructed by homologous recombination, which were attenuated in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages. The characterization of the ery operon genes and their expression profiles in response to Brucella infection further contributes to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of infection and the pathogenesis of brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory for Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China; Co-Innovation Center for Zoonotic Infectious Diseases in The Western Region, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Dou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, Henan 476000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China
| | - Fei Guo
- Co-Innovation Center for Zoonotic Infectious Diseases in The Western Region, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China; School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China
| | - Yuanzhi Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Zoonotic Infectious Diseases in The Western Region, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China; School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China
| | - Tiansen Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China
| | - Xinli Gu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China
| | - Chuangfu Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China; Co-Innovation Center for Zoonotic Infectious Diseases in The Western Region, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China
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11
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Zhang Y, Li T, Zhang J, Li Z, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Feng H, Wang Y, Chen C, Zhang H. The Brucella melitensis M5-90 phosphoglucomutase (PGM) mutant is attenuated and confers protection against wild-type challenge in BALB/c mice. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 32:58. [PMID: 26925620 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-016-2015-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Brucellae are Gram-negative intracellular bacterial pathogens that infect humans and animals, bringing great economic burdens to developing countries. Live attenuated Brucella vaccines (strain M5-90 or others) are the most efficient means for prevention and control of animal brucellosis. However, these vaccines have several drawbacks, including residual virulence in animals, and difficulties in differentiating natural infection from vaccine immunization, which limit their application. A vaccine that can differentiate infection from immunization will have extensive applications. A Brucella melitensis (B. melitensis) strain M5-90 pgm mutant (M5-90Δpgm) was constructed to overcome these drawbacks. M5-90Δpgm showed significantly reduced survival in embryonic trophoblast cells and in mice, and induced high protective immunity in BALB/c mice. Moreover, M5-90Δpgm elicited an anti-Brucella-specific immunoglobulin G response and induced the secretion of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and interleukin-2 (IL-2). In addition, M5-90Δpgm induced the secretion of IFN-γ in immunized sheep. Serum samples from sheep inoculated with M5-90Δpgm were negative by the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and Standard Tube Agglutination Test (STAT). Furthermore, the PGM antigen allowed serological differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals. These results suggest that M5-90Δpgm is an ideal live attenuated vaccine candidate against B. melitensis 16 M and deserves further evaluation for vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiansen Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanping Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanzhi Wang
- College of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuangfu Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang Province, People's Republic of China.
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A Brucella melitensis M5-90 wboA deletion strain is attenuated and enhances vaccine efficacy. Mol Immunol 2015; 66:276-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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