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Heidary M, Shariati S, Nourigheimasi S, Khorami M, Moradi M, Motahar M, Bahrami P, Akrami S, Kaviar VH. Mechanism of action, resistance, interaction, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of fostemsavir. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:250. [PMID: 38395761 PMCID: PMC10885622 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09122-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has licensed many antiretroviral medications to treat human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), however, treatment options for people with multi-drug resistant HIV remain limited. Medication resistance, undesirable effects, prior tolerance, and previous interlacement incapacity to deliver new drug classes all lead to the requirement for new medication classes and drug combination therapy. Fostemsavir (FTR) is a new CD-4 attachment inhibitor medicine that was recently authorized by the United States FDA to treat HIV-1. In individuals with multidrug-resistant (MDR) HIV-1, FTR is well tolerated and virologically active. According to recent investigations, drug combination therapy can positively affect MDR-HIV. The mechanism of action, resistance, interaction, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of FTR has been highlighted in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Shariati
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Mona Khorami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Melika Moradi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Moloudsadat Motahar
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Parisa Bahrami
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sousan Akrami
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Vahab Hassan Kaviar
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
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Haddadi MH, Khoshnood S, Koupaei M, Heidary M, Moradi M, Jamshidi A, Behrouj H, Movahedpour A, Maleki MH, Ghanavati R. Evaluating the incidence of ampC-β-lactamase genes, biofilm formation, and antibiotic resistance among hypervirulent and classical Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. J Appl Microbiol 2023; 134:lxad241. [PMID: 37881066 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM Both immunocompetent and healthy individuals can become life-threateningly ill when exposed to the hypervirulent (hvKp) strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp). The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the presence of ampC-lactamase genes, biofilm formation, and antibiotic resistance in clinical strains of hvKp and cKp (classical K. pneumoniae). MATERIALS AND METHODS Kp strains were collected from patients referred to Shahidzadeh Hospital in Behbahan City, Khuzestan Province, Iran. Several techniques were used to identify hvKp. The hypermucoviscosity phenotype was determined using the string test. Isolates that developed dark colonies on tellurite agar were assumed to be hvKp strains. If any of the iucA, iutA, or peg-344 genes were detected, the isolates were classified as hvKp. Phenotypic and genotypic detection of AmpC β-lactamases of hvKp strains was performed by the combined disk method and polymerase chain reaction, respectively. In addition, crystal violet staining was used to determine the biofilm formation of these isolates. RESULTS For this study, 76 non-duplicative isolates of Kp were collected. Overall, 22 (28.94%) strains had positive string test results, and 31 (40.78%) isolates were grown in tellurite-containing medium. The genes iucA and iutA or peg-344 were found in 23.68% of all Kp strains and in 50% of tellurite-resistant isolates, respectively. The most effective antibiotics against hvKp isolates were tetracycline (85.52%) and chloramphenicol (63.15%). Using the cefoxitin disc diffusion method, we observed that 56.57% (43/76) of the strains were AmpC producer. A total of 30.26% (n = 23/76) of the isolates tested positive for at least one ampC gene, including blaDHA (52.63%, n = 40), blaCIT (40.78%, n = 31), blaACC (19.76%, n = 15), blaMOX (25%, n = 19), and blaFOX (43.42%, n = 33). Biofilm formation analysis revealed that most hvKp isolates were weak (n = 6, 40%) and moderate (n = 5, 33.33%) biofilm producers. CONCLUSION Healthcare practitioners should consider the possibility of the existence and acquisition of hvKp everywhere. The exact mechanisms of bacterial acquisition are also unknown, and it is unclear whether the occurrence of infections is related to healthcare or not. Thus, there are still many questions about hvKp that need to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam 69316, Iran
| | - Maryam Koupaei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan 8759187131, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar 6971938668 , Iran
| | - Melika Moradi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 6136763316, Iran
| | - Ali Jamshidi
- Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan 6361796819, Iran
| | - Hamid Behrouj
- Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan 6361796819, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Hassan Maleki
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam 69316, Iran
| | - Roya Ghanavati
- School of Paramedical Sciences, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan 63617, Iran
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Anvari HZ, Binabaj MM, Asadi A, Abdi M, Shakiba A, Heidary M, Sholeh M. Epidemiology of HBV-HCV Coinfection Among Iranian Patients: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Lab 2023; 69. [PMID: 37948496 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2023.230503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are major causes of hepatitis, an important disease affecting millions of people worldwide. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of HBV-HCV coinfection in Iran and evaluate the demographic and behavioral factors associated with a heterogeneity of results. METHODS We used MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Google Scholar, and 1 Persian database (Scientific Information Database) for a systematic search from January 1, 2005 to February 26, 2022. Data were analyzed based on the city, publication time, enrollment time, number of patients, gender, mean age, and HBV/HCV diagnosis method. The analysis was carried out using R (version 4.2.1) and the metafor package (version 3.8.1). RESULTS In total, 2,072 studies were found through databases: PubMed/Medline (n = 224), Scopus (n = 1,092), Web of Science (n = 394), Google Scholar (n = 272), and Scientific Information Database (n = 90). Overall, nine studies with 1,964 male and 1,909 female patients (age average = 38.1) were included in the analysis. The observed proportion ranged from 0.004 to 0.273. The estimated average proportion was μ = 0.040 (95% CI: 0.016 to 0.101). Therefore, the average outcome differed significantly from zero (z = -6.330, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS HBV/HCV coinfection is a challenging and crucial medical condition because of its variable clinical manifestations, increased risk of cirrhosis and HCC, and unpredictable treatment response. There is a heterogeneous distribution pattern of HBV/HCV infection between Iran's provinces, indicating the necessity of continuous prevention and control measurements and the implementation of further epidemiologic studies for collecting reliable data on HBV/HCV prevalence in different parts of Iran.
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Shirani M, Pakzad R, Haddadi MH, Akrami S, Asadi A, Kazemian H, Moradi M, Kaviar VH, Zomorodi AR, Khoshnood S, Shafieian M, Tavasolian R, Heidary M, Saki M. The global prevalence of gastric cancer in Helicobacter pylori-infected individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:543. [PMID: 37598157 PMCID: PMC10439572 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08504-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori is a gastrointestinal pathogen that infects around half of the world's population. H. pylori infection is the most severe known risk factor for gastric cancer (GC), which is the second highest cause of cancer-related deaths globally. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the global prevalence of GC in H. pylori-infected individuals. METHODS We performed a systematic search of the PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases for studies of the prevalence of GC in H. pylori-infected individuals published from 1 January 2011 to 20 April 2021. Metaprop package were used to calculate the pooled prevalence with 95% confidence interval. Random-effects model was applied to estimate the pooled prevalence. We also quantified it with the I2 index. Based on the Higgins classification approach, I2 values above 0.7 were determined as high heterogeneity. RESULTS Among 17,438 reports screened, we assessed 1053 full-text articles for eligibility; 149 were included in the final analysis, comprising data from 32 countries. The highest and lowest prevalence was observed in America (pooled prevalence: 18.06%; 95% CI: 16.48 - 19.63; I2: 98.84%) and Africa (pooled prevalence: 9.52%; 95% CI: 5.92 - 13.12; I2: 88.39%). Among individual countries, Japan had the highest pooled prevalence of GC in H. pylori positive patients (Prevalence: 90.90%:95% CI: 83.61-95.14), whereas Sweden had the lowest prevalence (Prevalence: 0.07%; 95% CI: 0.06-0.09). The highest and lowest prevalence was observed in prospective case series (pooled prevalence: 23.13%; 95% CI: 20.41 - 25.85; I2: 97.70%) and retrospective cohort (pooled prevalence: 1.17%; 95% CI: 0.55 - 1.78; I 2: 0.10%). CONCLUSIONS H. pylori infection in GC patients varied between regions in this systematic review and meta-analysis. We observed that large amounts of GCs in developed countries are associated with H. pylori. Using these data, regional initiatives can be taken to prevent and eradicate H. pylori worldwide, thus reducing its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Shirani
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Reza Pakzad
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Ilam University Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | | | - Sousan Akrami
- Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Arezoo Asadi
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Kazemian
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Melika Moradi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Vahab Hassan Kaviar
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Science, Ilam, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Rafati Zomorodi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Shafieian
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Ronia Tavasolian
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Nutrition Science, University of Cheste, Chester, UK
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
| | - Morteza Saki
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Khoshnood S, Pakzad R, Kaviar VH, Hashemian M, Karamollahi S, Sadeghifard N, Heidarizadeh H, Moradi M, Maleki A, Heidary M, Abdi M. Global Estimate of Clarithromycin Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Helicobacter pylori: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Lab 2023; 69. [PMID: 37436391 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2022.221032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high resistance rate to clarithromycin usually leads to failure to eradicate Helicobacter pylori. The aim of the present study was to review recent data on H. pylori resistance towards clarithromycin in clinical studies worldwide. METHODS PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Embase were used for a systematic review from 1 January 2011 to 13 April 2021 to retrieve the clinical trial studies. Data were analyzed according to publication year, age, geographic area, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Statistical analysis was done by STATA version 14.0 (College Station, Texas). RESULTS From a total of 4,304 articles, 89 articles related to clinical studies were selected for analysis. The overall H. pylori clarithromycin resistance rate was 34.95%. Based on continents, the highest and lowest pooled estimate of the bacterial resistance rates were observed in Asia (35.97%) and North America (7.02%), respectively. The highest and the lowest pooled estimate of H. pylori resistance rate to clarithromycin based on country were obtained in Australia (93.4%) and USA (7%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS H. pylori resistance to clarithromycin in most parts of the world is more than 15%, so it is recommended that each country, after estimating the rate of resistance to clarithromycin, determine the treatment/eradication pattern for H. pylori infection.
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Abdi M, Heidary M, Mirzaei R. Iran and the Challenge of Afghan Immigrants and Refugees With Tuberculosis. Health Secur 2023; 21:329-330. [PMID: 37196209 DOI: 10.1089/hs.2023.0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Milad Abdi
- Milad Abdi, PhD, is an Assistant Professor of Medical Bacteriology, Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Mohsen Heidary, PhD, is an Assistant Professor of Medical Bacteriology, Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Rasoul Mirzaei
- Rasoul Mirzaei, PhD, is a Research Assistant, Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Shokri F, Shariati A, Veisari AK, Kianezhad A, Sheidaei S, Alamian AA, Sadeghi H, Heidary M. Fatal vanishing bile duct syndrome in Iranian patient with Hodgkin's lymphoma. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7671. [PMID: 37484745 PMCID: PMC10357002 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Vanishing bile duct syndrome (VBDS) has been postulated that may be related to Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). In the present study, we present a 75-year-old male patient with HL who received chemotherapy but has not received any radiotherapy. The patient's condition worsened in further days, and he died with the diagnosis of cirrhosis and hepatic failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazlollah Shokri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research CenterKhomein University of Medical SciencesKhomeinIran
| | - Arash Kazemi Veisari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gut and Liver Research Center, School of MedicineMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | | | - Somayeh Sheidaei
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical SciencesMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Ali Asghar Alamian
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Hossein Sadeghi
- Genomic Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical SciencesSabzevar University of Medical SciencesSabzevarIran
- Cellular and Molecular Research CenterSabzevar University of Medical SciencesSabzevarIran
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Taki E, Ghanavati R, Navidifar T, Dashtbin S, Heidary M, Moghadamnia M. Ebanga™: The most recent FDA-approved drug for treating Ebola. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1083429. [PMID: 36969842 PMCID: PMC10032372 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1083429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ebolavirus (EBOV) is a virulent pathogen that causes Ebola virus disease (EVD), which is a life-threatening human condition with a fatality rate of up to 90%. Since the first outbreak in Africa in 1976, several outbreaks and epidemics of EBOV have occurred across the globe. While EVD is recognized as a serious threat to human health and outbreaks occur almost every year, the treatment options for the disease are limited. In designing therapeutic strategies against EBOV infection, viral structural proteins, such as glycoprotein (GP), could be an excellent target for neutralizing the virus. According to the latest research, GP-specific antibodies are the most efficient post-exposure treatments for EVD. Ansuvimab-zykl, i.e., mAb114 (Ebanga™), is a recent FDA-approved human immunoglobulin monoclonal antibody targeting EBOV GP. This review provides a brief overview of the pharmacological effects and safety profile of ansuvimab in clinical trials and provides insights into the precise mechanism of this new drug for treating EVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Taki
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Tahereh Navidifar
- Department of Basic Sciences, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran
| | - Shirin Dashtbin
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Marjan Moghadamnia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Shokri F, Bahrainian S, Tajik F, Rezvani E, Shariati A, nourigheimasi S, Shahrebabaki ES, Ebrahimi M, Shamoon F, Heidary M. The potential role of telemedicine in the infectious disease pandemic with an emphasis on COVID-19: A narrative review. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1024. [PMID: 36620507 PMCID: PMC9811063 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Due of its low cost, rapid speed, data record, and vast communication coverage, information and communication technology might be useful for health-related fields in times of crisis. By providing medical or hygienic services to a patient who lives elsewhere using communication methods like email, fax, cellphones, applications, and wireless gadgets, telemedicine can aid in the better management of diseases. Reviewing the potential role of telemedicine in the pandemic of infectious diseases with a focus on the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic was the main goal of this study. Methods "Google Scholar," "PubMed," "Science Direct," and "Scopus" databases were searched to collect the papers that identify the advantages and disadvantages of telemedicine in the disease pandemic. Searched keywords include: telepharmacy, telemedicine, remote communication, pandemic(s), epidemic, distant care, distant communication, phone consulation, video conference communication and patient education. Results Information and communication technology are crucial, especially when dealing with pandemics of infectious diseases like COVID-19. Less "in-person" patient visits to hospitals as a result of telemedicine eventually means less labor for the medical staff, less viral exposure for patients, and ultimately less disease spread. By establishing a bidirectional reciprocal relationship between patients and healthcare providers although they are in separate geographical areas, it can improve patient health status. Conclusion Governments are currently facing a significant budgetary burden because to the COVID-19 pandemic. Since patients are not sent to medical facilities in person, which could be a source of infection, telemedicine reduces disease spread while saving money.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazlollah Shokri
- Department of Medical GeneticsFaculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Sara Bahrainian
- Department of Food and Drug ControlSchool of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran
| | - Fatemeh Tajik
- Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Elaheh Rezvani
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical SciencesIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Molecular and medicine research center, Khomein University of Medical SciencesKhomeinIran
| | | | - Elahe Saberi Shahrebabaki
- Tracheal Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung DiseasesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Maryam Ebrahimi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Farhan Shamoon
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical SciencesSabzevarIran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical SciencesSabzevarIran
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Mousavi SF, Ebrahimi M, Moghaddam SAA, Moafi N, Jafari M, Tavakolian A, Heidary M. Evaluating the characteristics of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted during COVID-19 peaks: A single-center study. Vacunas 2023; 24:27-36. [PMID: 36062028 PMCID: PMC9424515 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacun.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Nowadays, the world is facing a coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, elicited by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). At the time of studying, five COVID-19 waves occurred in Iran. We aimed to evaluate the characteristics of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to Vasei Hospital of Sabzevar, Iran during COVID-19 peaks. Methods Clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, radiological findings, and underlying diseases of patients with COVID-19 were obtained from electronic medical records. Then, this information was compared in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection to the peaks of COVID-19. Results The highest and lowest respiratory involvements were observed in the third (74.6%) and fourth (38.8%) peaks, respectively. The most common radiological finding in all peaks was ground-glass opacity (28.98%), followed by consolidation, which was the highest (14.6%) in peak three. The lymphocyte count decreased in all peaks. Its highest reduction (16.12) occurred in the third peak. The SpO2 was lower than normal range in all peaks, except for the second (90.77%) and fifth (91.06%) peaks. Dyspnea (52.36%) was the most and dizziness (1.26%) and sore throat (0.6%) were the least frequent symptoms. The mortality rates were 14. 4%, 18.2%, 23%, 9.02%, and 9.4% in the first to fifth peaks, respectively. Conclusion As different variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus were predominant in each wave, COVID-19 patients had different features in various peaks. The fifth wave of COVID-19 had the highest number of hospitalized patients, while the first peak had the lowest number. Perhaps, the significant increase in testing capacity in the fifth wave and its long time period are the reasons for this growth. Most of the clinical symptoms were similar in all peaks, but the incidence was different. As patients hospitalized in the third peak had the highest rate of underlying disease, it can be a reason for the increase in the death rate of patients. We did not observe any significant differences in laboratory tests among the patients during different peaks. Thus, we should be vigilant in continuously studying the characteristics of the disease, and be able to modify treatments rapidly if necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Narges Moafi
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mahbobe Jafari
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Ayoub Tavakolian
- Emergency Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran,Corresponding authors
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Mousavi SF, Ebrahimi M, Moghaddam SAA, Moafi N, Jafari M, Tavakolian A, Heidary M. Evaluating the characteristics of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted during COVID-19 peaks: A single-center study. Vacunas (English Edition) 2023; 24. [PMCID: PMC9969536 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacune.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Nowadays, the world is facing a coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, elicited by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). At the time of studying, five COVID-19 waves occurred in Iran. We aimed to evaluate the characteristics of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to Vasei Hospital of Sabzevar, Iran during COVID-19 peaks. Methods Clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, radiological findings, and underlying diseases of patients with COVID-19 were obtained from electronic medical records. Then, this information was compared in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection to the peaks of COVID-19. Results The highest and lowest respiratory involvements were observed in the third (74.6%) and fourth (38.8%) peaks, respectively. The most common radiological finding in all peaks was ground-glass opacity (28.98%), followed by consolidation, which was the highest (14.6%) in peak three. The lymphocyte count decreased in all peaks. Its highest reduction (16.12) occurred in the third peak. The SpO2 was lower than normal range in all peaks, except for the second (90.77%) and fifth (91.06%) peaks. Dyspnea (52.36%) was the most and dizziness (1.26%) and sore throat (0.6%) were the least frequent symptoms. The mortality rates were 14. 4%, 18.2%, 23%, 9.02%, and 9.4% in the first to fifth peaks, respectively. Conclusion As different variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus were predominant in each wave, COVID-19 patients had different features in various peaks. The fifth wave of COVID-19 had the highest number of hospitalized patients, while the first peak had the lowest number. Perhaps, the significant increase in testing capacity in the fifth wave and its long time period are the reasons for this growth. Most of the clinical symptoms were similar in all peaks, but the incidence was different. As patients hospitalized in the third peak had the highest rate of underlying disease, it can be a reason for the increase in the death rate of patients. We did not observe any significant differences in laboratory tests among the patients during different peaks. Thus, we should be vigilant in continuously studying the characteristics of the disease, and be able to modify treatments rapidly if necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Narges Moafi
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mahbobe Jafari
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Ayoub Tavakolian
- Emergency Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran,Corresponding authors
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12
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Sholeh M, Khoshnood S, Azimi T, Mohamadi J, Kaviar VH, Hashemian M, Karamollahi S, Sadeghifard N, Heidarizadeh H, Heidary M, Saki M. The prevalence of clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori isolates: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15121. [PMID: 37016679 PMCID: PMC10066884 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Knowledge of global clarithromycin (CLA)-resistant rates of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is crucial for decision of the most appropriate eradication therapies with good clinical outcomes. Therefore, this review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the global prevalence of the CLA resistance in H. pylori to provide some guidance for selecting the first-line antibiotics. Method A comprehensive search was performed for relevant literature until April 2021 in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation was performed to estimate the weighted pooled prevalence of resistance. Results The meta-analysis included 248 articles. The prevalence of CLA-resistant H. pylori was 27.53% (95% CI [25.41-29.69]). The heterogeneity between reports was significant (I2 = 97.80%, P < 0.01). The resistance rate increased from 24.28% in 2010-2017 to 32.14% in 2018-2021 (P < 0.01). Iran, with 38 articles, has the most report. Nevertheless, Switzerland, Portugal, and Israel had the highest resistance rates (67.16%, 48.11%, and 46.12%, respectively). The heterogeneity between the continents and the antimicrobial susceptibility methods also interpreted standard guidelines and breakpoints was insignificant (P > 0.05). Conclusion Overall CLA resistance rate was 27.53%, worldwide. The difference in CLA resistance rate among the included studies can be due to several reasons such as differences in antibiotic prescription rates in various geographic areas, use of different breakpoints or inaccurate criteria in performed studies, and the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sholeh
- Department of Microbiology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Taher Azimi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Jasem Mohamadi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emam Khomeini Hospital, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Vahab Hassan Kaviar
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Marzieh Hashemian
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Somayeh Karamollahi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Nourkhoda Sadeghifard
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Hedayat Heidarizadeh
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emam Khomeini Hospital, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Morteza Saki
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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13
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Khoshnood S, Sadeghifard N, Mahdian N, Heidary M, Mahdian S, Mohammadi M, Maleki A, Haddadi MH. Antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formation capacity among Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from patients with burns and ventilator-associated pneumonia. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 37:e24814. [PMID: 36573013 PMCID: PMC9833984 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acinetobacter baumannii is a pathogen responsible for nosocomial infections, especially in patients with burns and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). The aims of this study was to compare the biofilm formation capacity, antimicrobial resistance patterns and molecular typing based on PFGE (Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis) in A. baumannii isolated from burn and VAP patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 50 A. baumannii isolates were obtained from burn and VAP patients. In this study, we assessed antimicrobial susceptibility, biofilm formation capacity, PFGE fingerprinting, and the distribution of biofilm-related genes (csuD, csuE, ptk, ataA, and ompA). RESULTS Overall, 74% of the strains were multidrug resistant (MDR), and 26% were extensively drug-resistant (XDR). Regarding biofilm formation capacity, 52%, 36%, and 12% of the isolates were strong, moderate, and weak biofilm producers. Strong biofilm formation capacity significantly correlated with XDR phenotype (12/13, 92.3%). All the isolates harbored at least one biofilm-related gene. The most prevalent gene was csuD (98%), followed by ptk (90%), ataA (88%), ompA (86%), and csuE (86%). Harboring all the biofilm-related genes was significantly associated with XDR phenotype. Finally, PFGE clustering revealed 6 clusters, among which cluster No. 2 showed a significant correlation with strong biofilm formation and XDR phenotype. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed the variable distribution of biofilm-related genes among MDR and XDR A. baumannii isolates from burn and VAP patients. A significant correlation was found between strong biofilm formation capacity and XDR phenotype. Finally, our results suggested that XDR phenotype was predominant among strong-biofilm producer A. baumannii in our region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research CenterIlam University of Medical SciencesIlamIran
| | | | - Nahid Mahdian
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of MedicineIlam University of Medical SciencesIlamIran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Cellular and Molecular Research CenterSabzevar University of Medical SciencesSabzevarIran
| | - Somayeh Mahdian
- Clinical Microbiology Research CenterIlam University of Medical SciencesIlamIran
| | - Maryam Mohammadi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of MedicineIlam University of Medical SciencesIlamIran
| | - Abbas Maleki
- Clinical Microbiology Research CenterIlam University of Medical SciencesIlamIran
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14
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Khoshnood S, Pakzad R, Koupaei M, Shirani M, Araghi A, Irani GM, Moradi M, Pakzad I, Sadeghifard N, Heidary M. Prevalence, diagnosis, and manifestations of brucellosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:976215. [PMID: 36619963 PMCID: PMC9813401 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.976215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Brucellosis is one of the most prevalent zoonotic diseases common between humans and animals. Despite eradication efforts, the burden of the disease is well-known in endemic countries and in countries where brucellosis has not been an important health issue until recently. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, diagnosis, and manifestations of brucellosis. Methods In this study, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Google scholar databases were systematically searched to find studies published from 2011 to 2021. The search was conducted using text words and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Terms on the prevalence of brucellosis. Stata software 14.0 was used for all analyses. Results Based on the results, the pooled prevalence of brucellosis was 15.27% (95% CI: 9.68-21.86; heterogeneity I 2 index: 97.43; p < 0.001) for man and 15.33% (95% CI: 7.19-25.75; heterogeneity I 2 index: 98.19; p < 0.001) for woman. Age (coefficient: 0.240; p = 0.480), gender (coefficient: -0.017; p = 0.800), and publication year (coefficient: 0.114; p = 0.861) showed no significant effect on heterogeneity among studies. Egger's test indicated a significant publication bias for the prevalence of brucellosis (coefficient 3.894; p < 0.001). Moreover, the trim-and-fill method exhibited that the adjusted prevalence of brucellosis (18.30%, 95% CI: 14.10-22.52) was not significantly different from the original prevalence of brucellosis. Conclusion The pooled estimate for brucellosis prevalence was estimated as 15.53%. To better understand the epidemiology of brucellosis globally, more extensive studies are needed to be conducted throughout the world, especially in developing and low-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Reza Pakzad
- Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Ilam University Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Maryam Koupaei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Maryam Shirani
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Almas Araghi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golnaz Mokhtari Irani
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Melika Moradi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Iraj Pakzad
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Science, Ilam, Iran
| | - Nourkhoda Sadeghifard
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
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15
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Shariati A, Arshadi M, Khosrojerdi MA, Abedinzadeh M, Ganjalishahi M, Maleki A, Heidary M, Khoshnood S. The resistance mechanisms of bacteria against ciprofloxacin and new approaches for enhancing the efficacy of this antibiotic. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1025633. [PMID: 36620240 PMCID: PMC9815622 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1025633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
For around three decades, the fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotic ciprofloxacin has been used to treat a range of diseases, including chronic otorrhea, endocarditis, lower respiratory tract, gastrointestinal, skin and soft tissue, and urinary tract infections. Ciprofloxacin's main mode of action is to stop DNA replication by blocking the A subunit of DNA gyrase and having an extra impact on the substances in cell walls. Available in intravenous and oral formulations, ciprofloxacin reaches therapeutic concentrations in the majority of tissues and bodily fluids with a low possibility for side effects. Despite the outstanding qualities of this antibiotic, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa have all shown an increase in ciprofloxacin resistance over time. The rise of infections that are resistant to ciprofloxacin shows that new pharmacological synergisms and derivatives are required. To this end, ciprofloxacin may be more effective against the biofilm community of microorganisms and multi-drug resistant isolates when combined with a variety of antibacterial agents, such as antibiotics from various classes, nanoparticles, natural products, bacteriophages, and photodynamic therapy. This review focuses on the resistance mechanisms of bacteria against ciprofloxacin and new approaches for enhancing its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Maniya Arshadi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Mostafa Abedinzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mahsa Ganjalishahi
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Abbas Maleki
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran,*Correspondence: Mohsen Heidary
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran,Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran,Saeed Khoshnood
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16
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Maleki A, Kaviar VH, Koupaei M, Haddadi MH, Kalani BS, Valadbeigi H, Karamolahi S, Omidi N, Hashemian M, Sadeghifard N, Mohamadi J, Heidary M, Khoshnood S. Molecular typing and antibiotic resistance patterns among clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii recovered from burn patients in Tehran, Iran. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:994303. [PMID: 36386699 PMCID: PMC9664937 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.994303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is now considered a highly resistant pathogen to various types of antibiotics. Therefore, tracking the source of its prevalence and continuous control is crucial. This study aimed to determine antibiotic resistance and perform various molecular typing methods on clinical isolates of A. baumannii isolated from hospitalized burn patients in Shahid Motahari Burn Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Hospital isolates were confirmed by phenotypic and molecular methods. Then the sensitivity to different antibiotics was determined using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. In order to perform molecular typing, three-locus dual assay multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA), and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) methods were used. Among the 60 isolates collected, the frequencies of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) isolates were 90 and 10%, respectively. The most effective antibiotics were colistin with 100% and tigecycline with 83.33% sensitivity. Isolates were 100% resistant to piperacillin/tazobactam and cephalosporins, and 68.3% were resistant to carbapenem. The results of multiplex PCR showed five groups that international clone I (IC I) and IC II were the most common. The MLVA method identified 34 MLVA types (MTs), 5 clusters, and 25 singletons. Multilocus sequence typing results for tigecycline-resistant isolates showed seven different sequence types (STs). Increasing antibiotic resistance in A. baumannii isolates requires careful management to control and prevent the occurrence of the pre-antibiotic era. The results of this study confirm that the population structure of A. baumannii isolates has a high diversity. More extensive studies are needed in Iran to better understand the epidemiology of A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Maleki
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Vahab Hassan Kaviar
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Maryam Koupaei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Behrooz Sadeghi Kalani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Hassan Valadbeigi
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Somayeh Karamolahi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Nazanin Omidi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Hashemian
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Nourkhoda Sadeghifard
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Jasem Mohamadi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
- *Correspondence: Saeed Khoshnood, ; Mohsen Heidary,
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- *Correspondence: Saeed Khoshnood, ; Mohsen Heidary,
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17
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Shokri F, Rezapoor S, Najafi M, Asadi M, Karimi alavije M, Abolhassani M, Moieneddin MH, Ashrafi AM, Gholipour N, Naderi P, Charati JY, Alizadeh-Navaei R, Saeedi M, Heidary M, Rostamnezhad M. Efficacy of drug regimen with and without oseltamivir in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A retrospective study. Vacunas 2022; 24:141-149. [PMID: 36211984 PMCID: PMC9531663 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacun.2022.09.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the most critical issue in nowadays medicine. We aimed to evaluate the use and therapeutic outcomes of oseltamivir, an antiviral drug for patients with COVID-19. Materials and method In an observational study conducted at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Amol, Iran, data for 544 patients with laboratory and CT scan result confirmed COVID-19 were retrospectively collected between February 24th and April 13th 2020. To compare the characteristics of patients based on gender, the chi-square test was used. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the effect of oseltamivir on the outcome of treatment. Logrank test were used to compare the length of hospital stay in people treated with oseltamivir and drugs other than oseltamivir. Results Kaplan–Meier and logrank test showed no significant reduction in hospitalization time and survival rate following treatment with oseltamivir. However, a significant increase in lymphocytes count and reduction of C-reactive protein (CRP) level detected. Conclusion Administration of oseltamivir for patients with COVID-19 didn't show any improvement in hospitalization duration and survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazlollah Shokri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Rezapoor
- Department of Radiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Amol, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran,Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohsen Asadi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Moussa Abolhassani
- International Federation of Inventors' Associations (IFIA), Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Amir Muhammad Ashrafi
- Student Research Committee, Amol Faculty of Nursing, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Narges Gholipour
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Parisa Naderi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Cellular and Molecular Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamshid Yazdani Charati
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Reza Alizadeh-Navaei
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Majid Saeedi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran,Corresponding authors
| | - Mostafa Rostamnezhad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding authors
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18
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Proudhon C, Michel M, Heidary M, Mechri A, Hego C, Rampanou A, Le Tourneau C, Kamal M, Ivan B, Stern MH, Lantz O, Cabel L, Pierga JY, Bidard F, Azencott CA. 5MO Hypomethylation of circulating retrotransposons: Towards a non-invasive pan-cancer diagnosis. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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19
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Darbandi A, Alamdary SZ, Koupaei M, Ghanavati R, Heidary M, Talebi M. Evaluation of immune responses to Brucella vaccines in mouse models: A systematic review. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:903890. [PMID: 36118342 PMCID: PMC9478790 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.903890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionDespite the accessibility of several live attenuated vaccines for animals, currently, there is no licensed vaccine for brucellosis in human populations. Available and confirmed animal vaccines may be harmful and considered inappropriate for humans. Thus, human vaccines for brucellosis are required. We aimed to evaluate the effects of Brucella vaccines on mouse models and discuss the potential mechanisms of these vaccines for the design of the appropriate human vaccines.Materials and methodsA systematic search was carried out in Web of Science, Embase, and PubMed/Medline databases. The following MeSH terms were applied: brucellosis, vaccine, Brucella, and vaccination. The original manuscripts describing the Brucella vaccines on mouse models were included. The review articles, editorials, correspondences, case reports, case series, duplicate publications, and articles with insufficient data were excluded.ResultsOf the 163 full texts that were screened, 17 articles reached to inclusion criteria. Combining the results of these trials revealed a reduction in bacterial load and colonization rate of Brucella in the spleen, an increase in inflammatory markers, especially IFN-γ and IL-4, and the highest levels of antibody classes in vaccinated animals compared to animals challenged with various virulent strains of Brucella. The majority of studies found that different anti-Brucella vaccines induced a significant protective effect in animals challenged with Brucella strains. Additionally, mice were given the highest level of Brucella vaccine protection and significant clearance of Brucella strains when the immunization was delivered via the IP (intraperitoneal) or IP-IN (intranasal) routes.ConclusionBrucella is responsible for half-million new cases globally annually, and the lack of a proper human vaccine poses the risk of brucellosis. A variety of vaccines are used to prevent brucellosis. Subunit vaccines and recombinant human vaccines have higher safety and protective properties. Although vaccination helps brucellosis control, it does not eradicate the disease. Thus, we recommend the following strategies. (a) establishment of a registration system; (b) close monitoring of slaughterhouses, markets, and herds; (c) training veterinarians; (d) legal protection of the consequences of non-compliance with preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atieh Darbandi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Koupaei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
- Mohsen Heidary
| | - Malihe Talebi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Malihe Talebi
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20
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Khoshnood S, Ghanavati R, Shirani M, Ghahramanpour H, Sholeh M, Shariati A, Sadeghifard N, Heidary M. Viral vector and nucleic acid vaccines against COVID-19: A narrative review. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:984536. [PMID: 36118203 PMCID: PMC9470835 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.984536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
After about 2 years since the first detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 that resulted in a worldwide pandemic, 6.2 million deaths have been recorded. As a result, there is an urgent need for the development of a safe and effective vaccine for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Endeavors for the production of effective vaccines inexhaustibly are continuing. At present according to the World Health Organization (WHO) COVID-19 vaccine tracker and landscape, 153 vaccine candidates are developing in the clinical phase all over the world. Some new and exciting platforms are nucleic acid-based vaccines such as Pfizer Biontech and Moderna vaccines consisting of a messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding a viral spike protein in host cells. Another novel vaccine platform is viral vector vaccine candidates that could be replicating or nonreplicating. These types of vaccines that have a harmless viral vector like adenovirus contain a genome encoding the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, which induces significant immune responses. This technology of vaccine manufacturing has previously been used in many human clinical trials conducted for adenoviral vector-based vaccines against different infectious agents, including Ebola virus, Zika virus, HIV, and malaria. In this paper, we have a review of nucleic acid-based vaccines that are passing their phase 3 and 4 clinical trials and discuss their efficiency and adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Roya Ghanavati
- School of Paramedical Sciences, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Shirani
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hossein Ghahramanpour
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sholeh
- Department of Microbiology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Nourkhoda Sadeghifard
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
- *Correspondence: Mohsen Heidary,
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Azimi T, Khoshnood S, Asadi A, Heidary M, Mahmoudi H, Kaviar VH, Hallajzadeh M, Nasiri MJ. Linezolid resistance in multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:955050. [PMID: 36110536 PMCID: PMC9468755 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.955050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Linezolid (LNZ) is an effective antibiotic to treat patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment failure. M. tuberculosis strains resistant to isoniazid and rifampin are defined as MDR-TB. In recent years, resistance to LNZ among MDR-TB cases has been reported in several different countries. In this study, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the prevalence of LNZ resistance among MDR-TB isolates.Methods: The databases of Embase, PubMed/Medline, and Web of Science were searched systematically from January 2000 to April 2021. Statistical analyses were performed by using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. Heterogeneity was reported by using the t-squared statistic and Q-statistic. Begg’s rank correlation in combination with the funnel plot were used to evaluate any possible publication bias.Results: In total, 25 studies were selected for meta-analysis from 14 different countries; the majority was from China (n = 5) and Turkey (n = 4). Moreover, 7,366 patients were infected with MDR M. tuberculosis. Among the study population, 98 patients were co-infected with HIV, and 18 patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Furthermore, 28 cases had diabetes, and139 cases were alcohol abuser. Overall, 4,956 MDR M. tuberculosis strains were isolated from TB patients. The pooled frequency of LNZ resistance among the clinical isolates of MDR M. tuberculosis was 4.2% (95%). Begg’s (p = 0.72) test showed no evidence of publication bias.Conclusion: LNZ resistance among MDR M. tuberculosis isolates is increasing. On the other hand, long-term treatment of MDR-TB cases with LNZ alone is associated with several adverse effects. Thus, it is recommended that newer anti-TB drugs, including bedaquiline and delamanid, in combination with linezolid could increase its effectiveness and decrease toxicities. However, more studies should be done in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taher Azimi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Arezoo Asadi
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
- *Correspondence: Mohsen Heidary, ; Mohammad Javad Nasiri,
| | - Hassan Mahmoudi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Nahavand School of Allied Medical Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Vahab Hassan Kaviar
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Masoume Hallajzadeh
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Nasiri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Mohsen Heidary, ; Mohammad Javad Nasiri,
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Heidary M, Dashtbin S, Ghanavati R, Mahdizade Ari M, Bostanghadiri N, Darbandi A, Navidifar T, Talebi M. Evaluation of Brucellosis Vaccines: A Comprehensive Review. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:925773. [PMID: 35923818 PMCID: PMC9339783 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.925773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a bacterial zoonosis caused by Brucella spp. which can lead to heavy economic losses and severe human diseases. Thus, controlling brucellosis is very important. Due to humans easily gaining brucellosis from animals, animal brucellosis control programs can help the eradication of human brucellosis. There are two popular vaccines against animal brucellosis. Live attenuated Brucella abortus strain 19 (S19 vaccine) is the first effective and most extensively used vaccine for the prevention of brucellosis in cattle. Live attenuated Brucella melitensis strain Rev.1 (Rev.1 vaccine) is the most effective vaccine against caprine and ovine brucellosis. Although these two vaccines provide good immunity for animals against brucellosis, the expense of persistent serological responses is one of the main problems of both vaccines. The advantages and limitations of Brucella vaccines, especially new vaccine candidates, have been less studied. In addition, there is an urgent need for new strategies to control and eradicate this disease. Therefore, this narrative review aims to present an updated overview of the available different types of brucellosis vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Heidary
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Shirin Dashtbin
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Ghanavati
- School of Paramedical Sciences, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Marzie Mahdizade Ari
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narjess Bostanghadiri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Darbandi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Malihe Talebi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Malihe Talebi
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Heidary M, Kaviar VH, Shirani M, Ghanavati R, Motahar M, Sholeh M, Ghahramanpour H, Khoshnood S. A Comprehensive Review of the Protein Subunit Vaccines Against COVID-19. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:927306. [PMID: 35910658 PMCID: PMC9329957 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.927306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two years after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), in December 2019, the first infections were identified in Wuhan city of China. SARS-CoV-2 infection caused a global pandemic and accordingly, 5.41 million deaths worldwide. Hence, developing a safe and efficient vaccine for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) seems to be an urgent need. Attempts to produce efficient vaccines inexhaustibly are ongoing. At present time, according to the COVID-19 vaccine tracker and landscape provided by World Health Organization (WHO), there are 161 vaccine candidates in different clinical phases all over the world. In between, protein subunit vaccines are types of vaccines that contain a viral protein like spike protein or its segment as the antigen assumed to elicit humoral and cellular immunity and good protective effects. Previously, this technology of vaccine manufacturing was used in a recombinant influenza vaccine (RIV4). In the present work, we review protein subunit vaccines passing their phase 3 and 4 clinical trials, population participated in these trials, vaccines manufactures, vaccines efficiency and their side effects, and other features of these vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Heidary
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Vahab Hassan Kaviar
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Maryam Shirani
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Roya Ghanavati
- School of Paramedical Sciences, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Moloudsadat Motahar
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sholeh
- Department of Microbiology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- *Correspondence: Saeed Khoshnood,
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Shariati A, Didehdar M, Razavi S, Heidary M, Soroush F, Chegini Z. Natural Compounds: A Hopeful Promise as an Antibiofilm Agent Against Candida Species. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:917787. [PMID: 35899117 PMCID: PMC9309813 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.917787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The biofilm communities of Candida are resistant to various antifungal treatments. The ability of Candida to form biofilms on abiotic and biotic surfaces is considered one of the most important virulence factors of these fungi. Extracellular DNA and exopolysaccharides can lower the antifungal penetration to the deeper layers of the biofilms, which is a serious concern supported by the emergence of azole-resistant isolates and Candida strains with decreased antifungal susceptibility. Since the biofilms’ resistance to common antifungal drugs has become more widespread in recent years, more investigations should be performed to develop novel, inexpensive, non-toxic, and effective treatment approaches for controlling biofilm-associated infections. Scientists have used various natural compounds for inhibiting and degrading Candida biofilms. Curcumin, cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, carvacrol, thymol, terpinen-4-ol, linalool, geraniol, cineole, saponin, camphor, borneol, camphene, carnosol, citronellol, coumarin, epigallocatechin gallate, eucalyptol, limonene, menthol, piperine, saponin, α-terpineol, β–pinene, and citral are the major natural compounds that have been used widely for the inhibition and destruction of Candida biofilms. These compounds suppress not only fungal adhesion and biofilm formation but also destroy mature biofilm communities of Candida. Additionally, these natural compounds interact with various cellular processes of Candida, such as ABC-transported mediated drug transport, cell cycle progression, mitochondrial activity, and ergosterol, chitin, and glucan biosynthesis. The use of various drug delivery platforms can enhance the antibiofilm efficacy of natural compounds. Therefore, these drug delivery platforms should be considered as potential candidates for coating catheters and other medical material surfaces. A future goal will be to develop natural compounds as antibiofilm agents that can be used to treat infections by multi-drug-resistant Candida biofilms. Since exact interactions of natural compounds and biofilm structures have not been elucidated, further in vitro toxicology and animal experiments are required. In this article, we have discussed various aspects of natural compound usage for inhibition and destruction of Candida biofilms, along with the methods and procedures that have been used for improving the efficacy of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
- *Correspondence: Aref Shariati, ; Zahra Chegini,
| | - Mojtaba Didehdar
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Shabnam Razavi
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Soroush
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- *Correspondence: Aref Shariati, ; Zahra Chegini,
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Jafari M, Akbari M, Navidkia M, Dashtbin S, Mousavi SF, Heidary M, Khoshnood S. Comparison of clinical, radiological and laboratory findings in discharged and dead patients with COVID-19. Vacunas 2022; 23:S36-S43. [PMID: 35669082 PMCID: PMC9157022 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacun.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Methods Results Conclusions
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahbobe Jafari
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Maryam Akbari
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Maryam Navidkia
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Shirin Dashtbin
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Heidary
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The conventional combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) besides all its benefits, exhibited poor adherence to daily pill administration, life-long treatment period and emergence of viral resistance. The development of long-acting (LA) drugs have changed the management of common medical conditions for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Cabenuva is the first LA antiretroviral injectable drug composed of nano-formulation of cabotegravir (CAB) and rilpivirine (RPV). AREAS COVERED In this review article, we aim to have a brief overview of results of major clinical trials which administrated cabenuva for patients considering the efficacy and safety profiles. Moreover, we discuss about CAB and RPV chemical structure, mechanism of action, activity against drug-sensitive and resistant HIV and pharmacodynamics/ pharmacokinetics properties. EXPERT OPINION Based on the results of the ATLAS and FLAIR trials, cabenuva regimen once-monthly has shown equal effectivity to oral cART in maintaining HIV-1 suppression in patients. Furthermore, ATLAS-2M study revealed the non-inferiority of cabenuva regimen every 8 weeks compared to every 4 weeks. The injectable LA ART, reduces the number of treatment intake as well as increases adherence especially in patients with HIV-related stigma. Administration of extended-release agents probably minimize the risk of treatment-related toxicity and resistance related to sub-optimal adherence to oral ART, so cabenuva can be suggested as a suitable alternative for HIV infection control in current era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Taki
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Soleimani
- Department of Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Arezoo Asadi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Ghahramanpour
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Namvar
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
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Kaffashian MR, Shirani M, Koupaei M, Sadeghifard N, Ahmadi I, Mozafari A, Nazari A, Heidary M, Khoshnood S. Clinical Manifestations, Imaging Procedures and Laboratory Parameters among Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Ilam Province, Western Iran. Ethiop J Health Sci 2022; 32:485-496. [PMID: 35813682 PMCID: PMC9214747 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v32i3.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 is the last global threat which WHO confirmed it as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. In the Middle East, Iran was the first country where the SARS-Cov-2 was detected. The epidemiological and economic challenges of Iran make this country a particularly relevant subject of study. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical, radiological and laboratory findings in hospitalized COVID-19 confirmed cases in Ilam province, western of Iran. Methods Overall, 2204 hospitalized RT-PCR confirmed patients with COVID-19 were considered in this study. Electronic medical records, including clinical symptoms, radiological images, laboratory findings, and the comorbidities of patients with COVID-19 were collected and analyzed. In addition, the medication regimens used in these patients were evaluated. The patients were classified in discharged and died groups according to their outcomes. Then, clinical, radiological and laboratory findings as well as treatment regimens and underlying diseases were compared in these two groups. Results Among the patients, 1209 (54.85%) were male and 995 (45.14%) were female. Pneumonia, dyspnea and cough, were the most common clinical data in both discharged and died groups. Among the comorbidities, COPD, and cancer were significantly more common in the dead patients than in the living. The results of laboratory tests showed that blood creatinine, BUN, ESR, Na+, WBC, and neutrophil count have increased in deceased group compared to the survivors. However, the lymphocyte count decreased in deceased patients. The evaluation of radiographs demonstrated that there were significant correlations between bilateral pneumonia, ground glass opacity, bilateral patchy shadowing, and pleural effusion with death. Conclusion The current investigation indicated the special profile of COVID-19 in west of Iran. Discharged and dead patients with COVID-19 had distinct clinical, radiological and laboratory features, which were separated by principal component analysis. Identifying these characteristics of the disease would translate into the implementation of practical measures to improve results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Kaffashian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran, Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Maryam Shirani
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Koupaei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Iraj Ahmadi
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical science, Ilam, Iran
| | - Aliashraf Mozafari
- Non-Communicable Diseases Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Ali Nazari
- Department of Infectious Disease, School of Medicine, Shahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Naimi A, Yashmi I, Jebeleh R, Imani Mofrad M, Azimian Abhar S, Jannesar Y, Heidary M, Pakzad R. Comorbidities and mortality rate in COVID-19 patients with hematological malignancies: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24387. [PMID: 35385130 PMCID: PMC9102765 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It seems that there is an association between blood cancer and an increased risk of severe COVID-19. This study aimed to review the literature reporting the COVID-19 outcomes in patients with hematological malignancies. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this systematic review and meta-analysis, Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched using the following keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, blood cancer, myeloma, lymphoma, and leukemia. All the published articles in English from January 1, 2019, until March 10, 2021 were collected and evaluated. RESULTS In total, 53 studies with 2395 patients were included based on inclusion criteria. Most of these studies took place in Spain (14.81%), followed by the USA (11.11%), China (9.26%), and the UK (9.26%). More than half of COVID-19 patients with hematological malignancy were male (56.73%). Oxygen therapy played an important role in COVID-19 treatment. Moreover, anticoagulant therapies such as enoxaparin and heparin were two great assists for these patients. Fever (74.24%), cough (67.64%), and fatigue (53.19%) were the most reported clinical manifestations. In addition, hypertension and dyslipidemia were the most common comorbidities. The mortality rate due to COVID-19 in patients with hematological malignancies was 21.34%. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that hematologic cancer patients were more susceptible to a severe COVID-19 than patients without blood cancer. Thus, the management of COVID-19 in these patients requires much more attention, and their screening should perform regularly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Naimi
- Cellular and Molecular Research CenterSabzevar University of Medical SciencesSabzevarIran
| | - Ilya Yashmi
- Student Research CommitteeSabzevar University of Medical SciencesSabzevarIran
| | - Reza Jebeleh
- Student Research CommitteeSabzevar University of Medical SciencesSabzevarIran
| | | | | | - Yasaman Jannesar
- Student Research CommitteeSabzevar University of Medical SciencesSabzevarIran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Cellular and Molecular Research CenterSabzevar University of Medical SciencesSabzevarIran
- Department of Laboratory SciencesSchool of Paramedical SciencesSabzevar University of Medical SciencesSabzevarIran
| | - Reza Pakzad
- Department of EpidemiologyFaculty of HealthIlam University of Medical SciencesIlamIran
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Heidary M, Ebrahimi Samangani A, Kargari A, Kiani Nejad A, Yashmi I, Motahar M, Taki E, Khoshnood S. Mechanism of action, resistance, synergism, and clinical implications of azithromycin. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24427. [PMID: 35447019 PMCID: PMC9169196 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Azithromycin (AZM), sold under the name Zithromax, is classified as a macrolide. It has many benefits due to its immunomodulatory, anti‐inflammatory, and antibacterial effects. This review aims to study different clinical and biochemisterial aspects and properties of this drug which has a priority based on literature published worldwide. Methods Several databases including Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus were searched to obtain the relevant studies. Results AZM mechanism of action including the inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis, inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production, inhibition of neutrophil infestation, and macrophage polarization alteration, gives it the ability to act against a wide range of microorganisms. Resistant organisms are spreading and being developed because of the irrational use of the drug in the case of dose and duration. AZM shows synergistic effects with other drugs against a variety of organisms. This macrolide is considered a valuable antimicrobial agent because of its use as a treatment for a vast range of diseases such as asthma, bronchiolitis, COPD, cystic fibrosis, enteric infections, STIs, and periodontal infections. Conclusions Our study shows an increasing global prevalence of AZM resistance. Thus, synergistic combinations are recommended to treat different pathogens. Moreover, continuous monitoring of AZM resistance by registry centers and the development of more rapid diagnostic assays are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | | | - Abolfazl Kargari
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Kiani Nejad
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Ilya Yashmi
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Moloudsadat Motahar
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elahe Taki
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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Koupaei M, Shadab Mehr N, Mohamadi MH, Asadi A, Abbasimoghaddam S, Shekartabar A, Heidary M, Shokri F. Clinical symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of COVID-19-associated encephalitis: A systematic review of case reports and case series. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24426. [PMID: 35435264 PMCID: PMC9102669 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Since COVID‐19 outbreak, various studies mentioned the occurrence of neurological disorders. Of these, encephalitis is known as a critical neurological complication in COVID‐19 patients. Numerous case reports and case series have found encephalitis in relation to COVID‐19, which have not been systematically reviewed. This study aims to evaluate the clinical symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of COVID‐19‐associated encephalitis. Methods We used the Pubmed/Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases to search for reports on COVID‐19‐associated encephalitis from January 1, 2019, to March 7, 2021. The irrelevant studies were excluded based on screening and further evaluation. Then, the information relating diagnosis, treatment, clinical manifestations, comorbidities, and outcome was extracted and evaluated. Results From 4455 initial studies, 45 articles met our criteria and were selected for further evaluation. Included publications reported an overall number of 53 COVID‐19‐related encephalitis cases. MRI showed hyperintensity of brain regions including white matter (44.68%), temporal lobe (17.02%), and thalamus (12.76%). Also, brain CT scan revealed the hypodensity of the white matter (17.14%) and cerebral hemorrhages/hemorrhagic foci (11.42%) as the most frequent findings. The IV methylprednisolone/oral prednisone (36.11%), IV immunoglobulin (27.77%), and acyclovir (16.66%) were more preferred for COVID‐19 patients with encephalitis. From the 46 patients, 13 (28.26%) patients were died in the hospital. Conclusion In this systematic review, characteristics of COVID‐19‐associated encephalitis including clinical symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome were described. COVID‐19‐associated encephalitis can accompany with other neurological symptoms and involve different brain. Although majority of encephalitis condition are reversible, but it can lead to life‐threatening status. Therefore, further investigation of COVID‐19‐associated encephalitis is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Koupaei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Shadab Mehr
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | | | - Arezoo Asadi
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Mohsen Heidary
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.,Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Fazlollah Shokri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Khoshnood S, Arshadi M, Akrami S, Koupaei M, Ghahramanpour H, Shariati A, Sadeghifard N, Heidary M. An overview on inactivated and live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24418. [PMID: 35421266 PMCID: PMC9102488 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
After about 2 years since severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2), first infections were detected in Wuhan city of China in December 2019, which was followed by a worldwide pandemic with a record of 5.41 million deaths. Due to urgent need for the development of a safe and effective vaccine for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), attempts for producing efficient vaccines are inexhaustibly continuing. According to a report by the World Health Organization (WHO) on COVID‐19 vaccine tracker and landscape, there are 149 vaccine candidates all over the world. Inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines as a conventional vaccine platform consist of whole virus particles grown in cell culture and inactivated by chemicals. Because of benefits such as antigenic similarity to real virion inducing humoral and cellular immune responses and ease for transport and storage, these vaccines, including the vaccines produced by Bharat Biotech, Sinopharm, and Sinovac, are in use at large scales. In this study, we have a review on inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines that are passing their phase 3 and 4 clinical trials, population which was included in the trials, vaccine producers, the efficiency, adverse effects, and components of vaccines, and other vaccine features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Maniya Arshadi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sousan Akrami
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Koupaei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hossein Ghahramanpour
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Nourkhoda Sadeghifard
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
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Heidary M, Shirani M, Moradi M, Goudarzi M, Pouriran R, Rezaeian T, Khoshnood S. Tuberculosis challenges: Resistance, co-infection, diagnosis, and treatment. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) 2022; 12:1-17. [PMID: 35420996 PMCID: PMC9036649 DOI: 10.1556/1886.2021.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB), followed by effective treatment, is the cornerstone of global TB control efforts. An estimated 3 million cases of TB remain undetected each year. Early detection and effective management of TB can prevent severe disease and reduce mortality and transmission. Intrinsic and acquired drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) severely restricted the anti-TB therapeutic options, and public health policies are required to preserve the new medications to treat TB. In addition, TB and HIV frequently accelerate the progression of each other, and one disease can enhance the other effect. Overall, TB-HIV co-infections show an adverse bidirectional interaction. For HIV-infected patients, the risk of developing TB disease is approximately 22 times higher than for persons with a protective immune response. Analysis of the current TB challenges is critical to meet the goals of the end TB strategy and can go a long way in eradicating the disease. It provides opportunities for global TB control and demonstrates the efforts required to accelerate eliminating TB. This review will discuss the main challenges of the TB era, including resistance, co-infection, diagnosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Maryam Shirani
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Melika Moradi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Goudarzi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Pouriran
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayebe Rezaeian
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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Asadi A, Shadab Mehr N, Mohamadi MH, Shokri F, Heidary M, Sadeghifard N, Khoshnood S. Obesity and gut-microbiota-brain axis: A narrative review. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24420. [PMID: 35421277 PMCID: PMC9102524 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Obesity is a major health problem that is associated with many physiological and mental disorders, such as diabetes, stroke, and depression. Gut microbiota has been affirmed to interact with various organs, including the brain. Intestinal microbiota and their metabolites might target the brain directly via vagal stimulation or indirectly through immune‐neuroendocrine mechanisms, and they can regulate metabolism, adiposity, homoeostasis and energy balance, and central appetite and food reward signaling, which together have crucial roles in obesity. Studies support the concept of bidirectional signaling within the gut–brain axis (GBA) in the pathophysiology of obesity, mediated by metabolic, endocrine, neural, and immune system mechanisms. Materials and methods Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases were searched to find relevant studies. Results The gut–brain axis (GBA), a bidirectional connection between the gut microbiota and brain, influences physiological function and behavior through three different pathways. Neural pathway mainly consists of the enteric nervous system (ENS) and vagus nerve. Endocrine pathway, however, affects the neuroendocrine system of the brain, particularly the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and immunological pathway. Several alterations in the gut microbiome can lead to obesity, by modulating metabolic pathways and eating behaviors of the host through GBA. Therefore, novel therapies targeting the gut microbiome, i.e., fecal microbiota transplantation and supplementation with probiotics and prebiotics, can be a potential treatment for obesity. Conclusion This study corroborates the effect of gut microbiome on physiological function and body weight. The results show that the gut microbiota is becoming a target for new antiobesity therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Asadi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Shadab Mehr
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | | | - Fazlollah Shokri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Nourkhoda Sadeghifard
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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Darbandi A, Koupaei M, Navidifar T, Shahroodian S, Heidary M, Talebi M. Brucellosis control methods with an emphasis on vaccination: a systematic review. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2022; 20:1025-1035. [PMID: 35416090 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2022.2066521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brucellosis is considered as one of the main zoonotic infections and a major public health concern worldwide. The aim of the present study was to evaluate various strategies for controlling brucellosis with an especial emphasis on efficacy of vaccination. AREAS COVERED International databanks (Web of Science, PubMed, Embase) were searched for potentially relevant studies published from January 1, 2011 to March 25, 2021 using the following keywords: "Brucella", "Brucella abortus", "Brucella melitensis", "Brucella canis", "Brucella suis", "brucellosis", "Bang disease", "undulant fever", "Malta fever", "vaccination", "vaccine", and "immunization". The literature search was restricted to original articles published in English. EXPERT OPINION Various methods are employed to prevent and control brucellosis, such as removing sick animals by slaughtering, separating sick animals from the herd, and vaccination. Preventing, controlling, and eradicating brucellosis requires a lot of financial support, perseverance, and time. In order to conduct a detailed study, it is recommended that more studies be conducted in developing countries and different parts of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atieh Darbandi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Koupaei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Soheila Shahroodian
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran.,Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Malihe Talebi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
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35
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Koupaei M, Mohamadi MH, Yashmi I, Shahabi AH, Shabani AH, Heidary M, Khoshnood S. Clinical manifestations, treatment options, and comorbidities in COVID-19 relapse patients: A systematic review. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24402. [PMID: 35396748 PMCID: PMC9102618 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Interest revolving around coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) reinfection is escalating rapidly. By definition, reinfection denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), PCR redetection, and COVID‐19 recurrence within three months of the initial symptoms. The main aim of the current systematic review was to evaluate the features of COVID‐19 relapse patients. Materials and methods For this study, we used a string of terms developed by a skilled librarian and through a systematical search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase for eligible studies. Clinical surveys of any type were included from January 2019 to March 2021. Eligible studies consisted of two positive assessments separated by a negative result via RT‐PCR. Results Fifty‐four studies included 207 cases of COVID‐19 reinfection. Children were less likely to have COVID‐19 relapse. However, the most patients were in the age group of 20–40 years. Asthenia (66.6%), headache (66.6%), and cough (54.7%) were prevalent symptoms in the first SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Asthenia (62.9%), myalgia (62.9%), and headache (61.1%) were most frequent in the second one. The most common treatment options used in first COVID‐19 infection were lopinavir/ritonavir (80%), oxygen support (69.2%), and oseltamivir (66.6). However, for the treatment of second infection, mostly antibiotics (100%), dexamethasone (100%), and remdesivir (80%) were used. In addition, obesity (32.5%), kidney failure (30.7%), and hypertension (30.1%) were the most common comorbidities. Unfortunately, approximately 4.5% of patients died. Conclusion We found the potency of COVID‐19 recurrence as an outstanding issue. This feature should be regarded in the COVID‐19 management. Furthermore, the first and second COVID‐19 are similar in clinical features. For clinically practical comparison of the symptoms severity between two epochs of infection, uniform data of both are required. We suggest that future studies undertake a homogenous approach to establish the clinical patterns of the reinfection phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Koupaei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Ilya Yashmi
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Shahabi
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Amir Hosein Shabani
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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36
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Mahdizade Ari M, Mohamadi MH, Shadab Mehr N, Abbasimoghaddam S, Shekartabar A, Heidary M, Khoshnood S. Neurological manifestations in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24403. [PMID: 35385200 PMCID: PMC9102520 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The intensification of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) complications, severe symptoms, and high mortality rate has led researchers to focus on this significant issue. While respiratory and cardiac complications have been described as high‐risk manifestations in patients with COVID‐19, neurological complications can also enhance mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of neurological complications arises from SARS‐CoV‐2 and assess the mortality rate from neurological complications. Material and Methods Literature review was conducted by searching in PubMed/Medline, Web of Sciences, and Embase. After performing search strategies with relevant terms, a number of articles were excluded, including review articles, systematic review or meta‐analysis, duplicate publication of same researchers, congress abstracts, animal studies, case reports, case series, and articles reporting a history of neurological features prior to COVID‐19 infection. After retrieving the data, statistical analysis was performed using the STATA Version 14 software. Results From 4455 retrieved publications, 20 articles were selected for further analysis. Among 18,258 included patients, 2791 showed neurological symptoms, which were classified into different groups. Headache, confusion, and fatigue were reported as the most non‐specific neurological features in confirmed COVID‐19 patients. Psychiatric symptoms, CNS disorders, cerebrovascular disorders, CNS inflammatory disorders, PNS disorders, neuromuscular disorders, etc., were defined as specific neurological manifestations. The pooled prevalence of neurological manifestations and mortality rate of COVID‐19 patients with neurological features were estimated to be 23.0% (95% CI: 17.8–29.2) and 29.1% (95% CI: 20.3–39.8), respectively. Conclusion Neurological manifestations may commonly happen in patients with COVID‐19. This study reported a high prevalence of neurological complications and mortality rates in COVID‐19 patients. Therefore, patients with COVID‐19 who indicated neurological symptoms should be taken seriously and should receive early treatment to prevent undesirable events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzie Mahdizade Ari
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Microbial Biotechnology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Negar Shadab Mehr
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | | | | | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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Heidary M, Asadi A, Noorbakhsh N, Dashtbin S, Asadollahi P, Dranbandi A, Navidifar T, Ghanavati R. COVID‐19 in HIV‐positive patients: A systematic review of case reports and case series. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24308. [PMID: 35187723 PMCID: PMC8993621 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are two viral diseases for which there are currently no definitive treatments. Nowadays, because of the health system's focus on the COVID‐19 epidemic, the control of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has received less attention. In this review, we will discuss the characteristics of COVID‐19 in HIV‐positive patients. Material and Methods Using the PRISMA guideline, the databases of Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched systematically from January 1, 2019 to February 24, 2021. The following keywords were used: “Human Immunodeficiency Virus,” “acquired immune deficiency syndrome,” “HIV,” “AIDS,” “COVID‐19,” “severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,” “novel coronavirus,” “SARS‐CoV‐2,” “nCoV disease,” “SARS2,” and “2019‐nCoV disease.” Results Twenty‐one percent of studies were conducted in the USA (n = 13), 16% in China (n = 10), and 13% in Italy (n = 8), respectively. The majority of the patients were men (74.3%). Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate was used in 47.4% of patients, emtricitabine in 58.4%, and lamivudine in 34.8% to treat HIV. Symptoms of HIV patients with COVID‐19 included coughing (81.3%), fever (62.8%), and dyspnea (60%). Hydroxychloroquine (39.34%) and azithromycin (36.58%) were the common treatment options for COVID‐19. The total death rate in HIV‐positive patients with COVID‐19 was about 9%. Conclusion In the current systematic review, we demonstrated that HIV‐positive patients co‐infected with COVID‐19 have high comorbidity of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. HIV/COVID‐19 co‐infection might have negatively influenced the HIV treatment and diagnosis, which indicates the need to regularly screen HIV patients in the COVID‐19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences School of Paramedical Sciences Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences Sabzevar Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences Sabzevar Iran
| | - Arezoo Asadi
- Department of Microbiology School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | | | - Shirin Dashtbin
- Department of Microbiology School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Parisa Asadollahi
- Microbiology Department Faculty of Medicine Ilam University of Medical Sciences Ilam Iran
| | - Atieh Dranbandi
- Department of Microbiology School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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Koupaei M, Naimi A, Moafi N, Mohammadi P, Tabatabaei FS, Ghazizadeh S, Heidary M, Khoshnood S. Clinical Characteristics, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Mortality Rate of TB/COVID-19 Coinfectetd Patients: A Systematic Review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:740593. [PMID: 34926494 PMCID: PMC8671757 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.740593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) and tuberculosis (TB) are the newest and one of the oldest global threats, respectively. In the COVID-19 era, due to the health system's focus on the COVID-19 epidemic, the national TB control program received less attention, leading to a worsening of the global TB epidemic. In this study, we will review the characteristics of TB patients coinfected with COVID-19. Material and Methods: Using Scopus, PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases, a systematic search was performed. Case reports and case series on TB/COVID-19 coinfection published from January 1, 2019 to February 24, 2021 were collected. There were no limitations regarding publication language. Results: Eleven case series and 20 case reports were identified from 18 countries, with the majority them being from India (N = 6) and China (N = 4). Overall, 146 patients (114 men and 32 women) coinfected with TB and COVID-19 enrolled. Smoking (15.1%), diabetes (14.4%), and hypertension (8.9%) were the most frequent comorbidities among these patients. The COVID-19 patients with TB mainly suffered fever (78.8%), cough (63.7%), and respiratory distress (22.6%). Hydroxychloroquine (64.0%) and lopinavir/ritonavir (39.5%) were the most common treatments for them. The mortality rate was 13.0% and the rate of discharged patients was 87.0%. Conclusion: Global prevalence of COVID-19-related deaths is 6.6%. Our results showed that 13.0% of patients with TB/COVID-19 died. Thus, this study indicated that coinfection of TB and COVID-19 can increase the mortality. The respiratory symptoms of TB and COVID-19 are very similar, and this causes them to be misdiagnosed. In addition, TB is sometimes diagnosed later than COVID-19 and the severity of the disease worsens, especially in patients with underlying conditions. Therefore, patients with TB should be screened regularly in the COVID-19 era to prevent the spread of the TB/COVID-19 coinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Koupaei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Adel Naimi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Narges Moafi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Paria Mohammadi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Faezeh Sadat Tabatabaei
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Soroosh Ghazizadeh
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.,Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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Khoshnood S, Taki E, Sadeghifard N, Kaviar VH, Haddadi MH, Farshadzadeh Z, Kouhsari E, Goudarzi M, Heidary M. Mechanism of Action, Resistance, Synergism, and Clinical Implications of Delamanid Against Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:717045. [PMID: 34690963 PMCID: PMC8529252 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.717045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) remain a primary global threat to the end of tuberculosis (TB) era. Delamanid (DLM) is a nitro-dihydro-imidazooxazole derivative utilized to treat MDR-TB. DLM has distinct mechanism of action, inhibiting methoxy- and keto-mycolic acid (MA) synthesis through the F420 coenzyme mycobacteria system and generating nitrous oxide. While DLM resistance among MTB strains is uncommon, there are increasing reports in Asia and Europe, and such resistance will prolong the treatment courses of patients infected with MDR-TB. In this review, we address the antimycobacterial properties of DLM, report the global prevalence of DLM resistance, discuss the synergism of DLM with other anti-TB drugs, and evaluate the documented clinical trials to provide new insights into the clinical use of this antibiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Elahe Taki
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nourkhoda Sadeghifard
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Vahab Hassan Kaviar
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Farshadzadeh
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Kouhsari
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Goudarzi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
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Khoshnood S, Heidary M, Hashemi A, Shahi F, Saki M, Kouhsari E, Eslami G, Goudarzi H. Involvement of the AcrAB Efflux Pump in Ciprofloxacin Resistance in Clinical Klebsiella Pneumoniae Isolates. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2020; 21:564-571. [PMID: 32888276 DOI: 10.2174/1871526520999200905121220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing prevalence of multiple antibiotic resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae strains confines the therapeutic options used to treat bacterial infections. OBJECTIVE We aimed in this study to investigate the role of AcrAB and qepA efflux pumps and AAC(6')-Ib-cr enzyme in ciprofloxacin resistance and to detect the RAPD-PCR fingerprint of K. pneumoniae isolates. METHODS A total of , 117 K. pneumoniae isolates were collected from hospitalized patients in three hospitals in Tehran, Iran, from August 2013 to March 2014. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed by the disk diffusion method. Molecular identification and expression level of encoding quinolone resistance genes, acrA, acrB, qepA, and aac(6')-Ib-cr, were performed by PCR and real-- time PCR assays, respectively. All the K. pneumoniae isolates containing the mentioned genes were used simultaneously for RAPD-PCR typing. RESULTS Colistin and carbapenems were the most efficient antibiotics against the clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae. PCR assay demonstrated that among the 117 isolates, 110 (94%) and 102 (87%) were positive for acrA and acrB gene and 5 (4%) and 100 (85%) isolates showed to have qepA and aac(6')-Ib-cr genes, respectively. Determination for AcrAB pump expression in 21% of strains demonstrated an increased expression, and the mean increase expression for acrB genes was 0.5-81. The results of RAPD-PCR reflected that in 95% CI, all isolates belonged to a clone. CONCLUSION A high prevalence of genes encoding quinolone resistance in K. pneumoniae was detected in clinical samples. Therefore, the control of infection and prevention of drug-resistant bacteria spread need careful management of medication and identification of resistant isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Khoshnood
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Ali Hashemi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shahi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Morteza Saki
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Kouhsari
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Gita Eslami
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Goudarzi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Schwarzer S, Heidary M, Schultz J. [Painful orbital swelling in a 61-year-old female patient]. Internist (Berl) 2020; 61:741-745. [PMID: 32430688 DOI: 10.1007/s00108-020-00802-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus is the oncologic entity with the most progressive incidence in western countries over the last 30 years. This is caused by, among other factors, a growing rate of obesity and the associated gastroesophageal reflux disease. Typical sites of metastasis include the liver, lymph nodes and peritoneum. Adrenal glands and thoraco-abdominal skeleton can also be affected. Cerebral metastasis is infrequent and there are only a handful cases described in the literature. The case presented here relates to a 61-year-old woman with osteolytic metastasis that was infiltrating the orbital cavity and was initially diagnosed as a dacryoadenitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schwarzer
- Medizinische Klinik II, Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie, Neurogastroenterologie, Infektiologie, Hämatologie, Onkologie und Palliativmedzin, HELIOS Klinikum Krefeld, Lutherplatz 40, 47805, Krefeld, Deutschland.
| | - M Heidary
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, HELIOS Klinikum Krefeld, Lutherplatz 40, 47805, Krefeld, Deutschland.
| | - J Schultz
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, HELIOS Klinikum Krefeld, Lutherplatz 40, 47805, Krefeld, Deutschland
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Heidary M, Zaker Bostanabad S, Amini SM, Jafari A, Ghalami Nobar M, Ghodousi A, Kamalzadeh M, Darban-Sarokhalil D. The Anti-Mycobacterial Activity Of Ag, ZnO, And Ag- ZnO Nanoparticles Against MDR- And XDR- Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Infect Drug Resist 2019; 12:3425-3435. [PMID: 31807033 PMCID: PMC6839584 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s221408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nowadays, tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top ten leading causes of mortality worldwide. The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) - and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) - Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is identified as one of the most challenging threats to TB control. Thus, new and safe nano-drugs are urgently required for the elimination of TB. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-bacterial effects of Ag, ZnO, and Ag-ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) on MDR- and XDR-M. tuberculosis. Materials and methods In this study, Ag, ZnO, and Ag-ZnO NPs were synthesized by the chemical reduction and chemical deposition methods. NPs were characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. Then, various dilutions of NPs were prepared and their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were determined against M. tuberculosis strains using the broth microdilution and agar microdilution methods. Finally, MTT test and cell culture assay were performed. Results The effects of concentrations of 1-128 µg/mL Ag NPs, ZnO NPs, 2Ag: 8ZnO, 8Ag:2ZnO, 3Ag: 7ZnO, 7Ag:3ZnO, and 5Ag:5ZnO on M. tuberculosis strains were investigated. MIC results showed the inhibitory effect of 1 µg/mL of all NPs against XDR-M. tuberculosis. In addition, the concentrations of 4 µg/mL Ag, 8 µg/mL 5Ag:5ZnO, 8 µg/mL 7Ag:3ZnO, 32 µg/mL 3Ag:7ZnO, 16 µg/mL 8Ag:2ZnO, and 64 µg/mL 2Ag:8ZnO inhibited MDR-M. tuberculosis growth. However, MBC results indicated the inability of Ag, ZnO and Ag-ZnO NPs, either in combination or alone, to kill MDR- or XDR-M. tuberculosis. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the effects of Ag and ZnO NPs against MDR and XDR strains of M. tuberculosis. According to the results, Ag and ZnO NPs showed bacteriostatic effects against drug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis. Therefore, these NPs may be considered as promising anti-mycobacterial nano-drugs. However, further studies are required to affirm the bactericidal effects of these NPs against TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Zaker Bostanabad
- Microbiology Department, Islamic Azad University-Parand Branch, Tehran, Iran.,Mycobacteriology Department, Massoud Laboratory, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Amini
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Jafari
- Inflammatory Lung Diseases Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mostafa Ghalami Nobar
- Mycobacteriology Department, Massoud Laboratory, Tehran, Iran.,Reference Health Laboratory of Iran (RHL), Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Ghodousi
- Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Morteza Kamalzadeh
- Quality Control, Department, Razi Vaccine and Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Davood Darban-Sarokhalil
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Nasiri MJ, Heidary M, Goudarzi H, Tabarsi P. Trends in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Tehran, Iran: an analysis of published data. GMS Hyg Infect Control 2019; 14:Doc11. [PMID: 31538044 PMCID: PMC6734511 DOI: 10.3205/dgkh000327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is one of the major public health threats especially in developing countries. In Iran, the emergence and spread of MDR-TB are likely to pose a significant problem for the National Tubeculosis Control Program (NTP). In this study, to determine the trend of MDR-TB in Tehran, the results of published studies were analyzed. Methods: Several databases were searched, including Medline, Embase, Web of Science and Iranian databases. Studies which report the prevalence of MDR-TB by World Health Organization (WHO)-endorsed drug susceptibility testing (DST) methods were included in the study. Data were analyzed with SPSS 20 (SPSS, Chicago, Illinois, USA). Results: Analysis of the MDR-TB trend did not show any increase among new TB cases, but the trend of MDR-TB was significantly increased among previously treated cases. The prevalence of MDR-TB from 48.0% in 1996 reached 58.0% in 2004 (P<0.05). Conclusions: Our analysis shows an increasing trend in MDR-TB, particularly in retreatment cases. This study strongly highlights the need to develop further strategies for surveillance, monitoring, and management of MDR-TB cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javad Nasiri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Goudarzi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Tabarsi
- Clinical TB and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Sheikh AF, Moosavian M, Abdi M, Heidary M, Shahi F, Jomehzadeh N, Seyed-Mohammadi S, Saki M, Khoshnood S. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Shigella species isolated from diarrheal patients in Ahvaz, southwest Iran. Infect Drug Resist 2019; 12:249-253. [PMID: 30774392 PMCID: PMC6348961 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s187861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Shigellosis is a significant global human health problem, and Shigella is in charge of almost 165 million cases of this disease annually, of whom 163 million cases are in developing countries and 1.5 million cases are in developed countries. The main aims of the current survey were to identify Shigella spp. isolated from diarrheal patients by conventional biochemical tests, determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles by disk diffusion method, and detect the ipaH gene using the PCR assay. Methods The bacterial isolates were identified as Shigella spp. by microbiological tests and were serogrouped by the slide agglutination test. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method. PCR was performed to detect the ipaH gene. Results The Shigella strains were isolated from 522 patients with various diarrhea, including bloody diarrhea (3%), mucoid plus bloody diarrhea (1.9%), mucoid diarrhea (3.2%), and watery diarrhea (3.2%). Overall, 69 (13.2%) isolates were positive for Shigella spp., of which 34 (49.3%) serotypes were identified as Shigella flexneri, 22 (31.9%) serotypes were identified as Shigella sonnei, 9 (13%) serotypes were identified as Shigella boydii, and 4 (5.8%) serotypes were identified as Shigella dysenteriae. Antibiotic susceptibility tests revealed that the highest resistance percentage was related to ampicillin (82%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (77%), and ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone were the best antibiotics against Shigella isolates. Conclusion We concluded that Shigella spp. can be considered as an etiological agent of diarrhea in southwest Iran. Since the drug resistance pattern of Shigella differs geographically and over time within a country, continuous and regular surveillance program is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Farajzadeh Sheikh
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, .,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,
| | - Mojtaba Moosavian
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, .,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,
| | - Mahtab Abdi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shahi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,
| | | | - Sakineh Seyed-Mohammadi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, .,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, .,Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,
| | - Morteza Saki
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, .,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, .,Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, .,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, .,Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,
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Bahramian A, Khoshnood S, Shariati A, Doustdar F, Chirani AS, Heidary M. Molecular characterization of the pilS2 gene and its association with the frequency of Pseudomonas aeruginosa plasmid pKLC102 and PAPI-1 pathogenicity island. Infect Drug Resist 2019; 12:221-227. [PMID: 30666137 PMCID: PMC6333160 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s188527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common opportunistic pathogen associated with a broad range of infections, including cystic fibrosis, ocular, otitis media, and burn infections. The aim of this study was to show the frequency of the pilS2 gene, and its association with P. aeruginosa plasmid pKLC102 and PAPI-1 pathogenicity island among P. aeruginosa strains. METHODS The samples were collected from patients with cystic fibrosis, ocular, otitis media, and burn infections between January 2016 and November 2017. DNA was extracted using the DNA extraction kit and was used for PCR assay. PCR with 4 primer-pairs including 976 F/PAPI-1R, 4542 F/intF, SojR/4541 F, and intF/sojR was performed to identify PAPI-1. pKLC102 was detected using three other primer-pairs including cp10F/cp10R, cp44F/cp44R, and cp97F/cp97R. RESULTS A total of 112 P. aeruginosa isolates were collected from patients with cystic fibrosis (36), burn (20), otitis media (26), and ocular (30) infections. The results of PCR showed that pilS2 gene was identified in 96 (85%) strains. PAPI-1-attB integration was detected among 38 (33.9%) isolates and the circular form of PAPI-1 detected among 17 (14%) isolates. In addition, 79 (70.5%) strains were found to be positive for pKLC102. CONCLUSION We found that the majority of the isolates may be susceptible to transfer this significant island and the related element pKLC102 into recipient isolates lacking the island owing to high association of the PilS2 pilus with the islands in the studied strains. It is anticipated that strains isolated from burn and eye with the highest rate of PilS2, PAPI-1, and pKLC102 association have a high level of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aghil Bahramian
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,
| | - Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farahnoosh Doustdar
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Salimi Chirani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Heidary M, Nasiri MJ, Mirsaeidi M, Jazi FM, Khoshnood S, Drancourt M, Darban-Sarokhalil D. Mycobacterium avium complex infection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:9994-10001. [PMID: 30548598 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) is one of the leading causes of death among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The current study was aimed to determine the frequency of MAC infection in patients infected with HIV. METHODS Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched for relevant studies. All statistical analyses were performed by STATA version 14. RESULTS From 6,627 retrieved articles, 23 were included in the final analysis. A total of 18,463 patients with HIV were included in the analysis. The frequency of MAC infection in patients with HIV was found to be 10.6% (95% confidence interval, 6.9-14.2). CONCLUSION The relatively large fractions of HIV-infected patients were coinfected with MAC, which may poses significant public health problems. Continued progress in the development of rapid diagnostic methods and preventive therapy for MAC should lead to further improvements in survival and quality of life in patients with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Nasiri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mirsaeidi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida
| | - Faramarz Masjedian Jazi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Michel Drancourt
- Aix-Marseille-Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Davood Darban-Sarokhalil
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Khoshnood S, Heidary M, Asadi A, Soleimani S, Motahar M, Savari M, Saki M, Abdi M. A review on mechanism of action, resistance, synergism, and clinical implications of mupirocin against Staphylococcus aureus. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:1809-1818. [PMID: 30551435 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mupirocin (MUP), bactroban, or pseudomonic acid is a natural crotonic acid derivative drug extracted from Pseudomonas fluorescens which is produced by modular polyketide synthases. This antibiotic has a unique chemical structure and mechanism of action. It is a mixture of A-D pseudomonic acids and inhibits protein synthesis through binding to bacterial isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase. MUP is often prescribed to prevent skin and soft tissue infections caused by S. aureus isolates and where the MRSA isolates are epidemic, MUP may be used as a choice drug for nasal decolonization. It is also used for prevention of recurring infections and control the outbreaks. The emergence of MUP resistance has been increasing particularly among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates in many parts of the world and such resistance is often related with MUP widespread uses. Although both low-level and high-level MUP resistance were reported among MRSA isolates, the rate of resistance is different in various geographic areas. In this review, we will report the global prevalence of MUP resistance, discuss synergism and mechanism of action of MUP, and provide new insights into the clinical use of this antibiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Khoshnood
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arezoo Asadi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saleh Soleimani
- Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Moloudsadat Motahar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Savari
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Morteza Saki
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahtab Abdi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Nasiri M, Heidary M, Azimi T, Goudarzi H, Tabarsi P, Darban-Sarokhalil D, Feizabadi M. Mycobacterium simiae pulmonary disease in Iran: systematic review and meta-analysis. New Microbes New Infect 2018; 26:118-123. [PMID: 30370055 PMCID: PMC6199180 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium simiae is one of the most common nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) microorganisms causing lung disease in many countries in the world. A reliable estimate of the extent of M. simiae pulmonary disease has not been well investigated in Iran. We systematically searched multiple databases to identify relative studies. Studies were excluded if they did not use the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) diagnostic criteria for NTM diseases. Data were extracted independently and in duplicate. We assessed pooled estimate by using a random model effect, and sources of heterogeneity were assessed by using Cochran's Q and the I 2 statistic. The potential for publication bias was explored by using Begg's and Egger's tests. All analyses were conducted with Stata 14.0 (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA). Of 172 articles identified, seven met the inclusion criteria. Of 355 patients who were culture positive for NTM, 82 had M. simiae pulmonary disease according to the ATS/IDSA diagnostic criteria. The pooled frequency of M. simiae pulmonary disease among patients with NTM was 25.0% (95% confidence interval, 16.8-33.2). No evidence of publication bias was observed among the included studies (p >0.05 for Begg's and Egger's tests). Clinical isolates of M. simiae are increasingly being recognized as a cause of pulmonary disease in Iran and need further attention by health authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.J. Nasiri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Heidary
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - T. Azimi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Public Health, Tehran, Iran
| | - H. Goudarzi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - P. Tabarsi
- Clinical TB and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - D. Darban-Sarokhalil
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M.M. Feizabadi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Khoshnood S, Heidary M, Haeili M, Drancourt M, Darban-Sarokhalil D, Nasiri MJ, Lohrasbi V. Novel vaccine candidates against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:180-188. [PMID: 30098365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is now among the top ten causes of mortality worldwide being resulted in 1.7 million deaths including 0.4 million among people with HIV in 2016. The Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the only available TB vaccine which fails to provide consistent protection against pulmonary TB in adults and adolescents despite being efficacious at protecting infants and young children from the most severe, often deadly forms of TB disease. To achieve the goal of global TB elimination by 2050 we will need new interventions including more improved vaccines that are effective in adult individuals who have not been infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis as well as latently infected or immunocompromised subjects. In recent decades, multiple new vaccine candidates including whole cell vaccines, adjuvanted proteins, and vectored subunit vaccines have entered into the clinical trials. These new TB vaccines are hoped to provide encouraging safety and immunogenicity under various conditions including prevention of TB disease in adolescents and adults, as BCG replacement/boosters, or as therapeutic vaccines to reduce the duration of TB therapy. In this review, we will discuss the status of novel TB vaccine candidates currently under development in preclinical or clinical phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Khoshnood
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehri Haeili
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Michel Drancourt
- Aix-Marseille Univ., IRD, MEPHI, Institut Hospital-Universitaire (IHU) Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Davood Darban-Sarokhalil
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Nasiri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Lohrasbi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
Daptomycin is a cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic used for the treatment of Gram-positive infections including complicated skin and skin structure infections, right-sided infective endocarditis, bacteraemia, meningitis, sepsis and urinary tract infections. Daptomycin has distinct mechanisms of action, disrupting multiple aspects of cell membrane function and inhibiting protein, DNA and RNA synthesis. Although daptomycin resistance in Gram-positive bacteria is uncommon, there are increasing reports of daptomycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis. Such resistance is seen largely in the context of prolonged treatment courses and infections with high bacterial burdens, but may occur in the absence of prior daptomycin exposure. Furthermore, use of inadequate treatment regimens, irregular drug supply and poor drug quality have also been recognized as other important risk factors for emergence of daptomycin-resistant strains. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Gram-positive bacteria, communication between clinicians and laboratories, establishment of internet-based reporting systems, development of better and more rapid diagnostic methods and continuous monitoring of drug resistance are urgent priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azar Dohkt Khosravi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Nasiri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saleh Soleimani
- Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Goudarzi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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