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Nasri E, Torrence DE, Vasilopoulos T, Knapik JA, Lagmay JP, Reith JD, Gibbs CP. Cell Cycle Checkpoints p16 and p21-Strong Predictors of Clinicopathologic Outcomes in High-Grade Osteosarcoma. Cancer J 2024; 30:133-139. [PMID: 38753746 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, we used a series of immunohistochemical measurements of 2 cell cycle regulators, p16 and p21, to evaluate their prognostic value, separately and in combination, for the disease outcomes. METHOD A total of 101 patients with high-grade osteosarcoma were included in this study. Clinicopathologic data were collected, and immunohistochemistry for p16 and p21 was performed and interpreted by 3 independent pathologists. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the strength of each of these markers relative to disease outcome. RESULTS Our results indicate that more than 90% expression (high) of p16 by immunohistochemistry on the initial biopsy has a strong predictive value for good histologic response to chemotherapy. The patients are also more likely to survive the past 5 years and less likely to develop metastasis than patients with less than 90% p16 (low) expression. The results for p21, on the other hand, show a unique pattern of relationship to the clinicopathologic outcomes of the disease. Patients with less than 1% (low) or more than 50% (high) expression of p21 by immunohistochemistry show a higher chance of metastasis, poor necrotic response to chemotherapy, and an overall decreased survival rate when compared with p21 expression between 1% and 50% (moderate). Our results also showed that the expression of p16 and combined p16 and p21 demonstrates a stronger predictive relationship to 5-year survival than tumor histologic necrosis and p21 alone. DISCUSSION The results of this study, once proven to be reproducible by a larger number of patients, will be valuable in the initial assessment and risk stratification of the patients for treatment and possibly the clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Nasri
- From the Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | | | - Terrie Vasilopoulos
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Jacquelyn A Knapik
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Joanne P Lagmay
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - John D Reith
- Department of Pathology, L25, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Charles Parker Gibbs
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sport Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
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Zhang C, Wang J, Wang H, Li J. Interference of the Circular RNA Sperm Antigen With Calponin Homology and Coiled-Coil Domains 1 Suppresses Growth and Promotes Apoptosis of Breast Cancer Cells Partially Through Targeting miR-1236-3p/Chromobox 8 Pathway. Clin Breast Cancer 2024; 24:e138-e151.e2. [PMID: 38341369 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs and RNA modifiers are implicated in cancer radiotherapy. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of sperm antigen with calponin homology and coiled-coil domains 1 (SPECC1)-derived circular RNA (circSPECC1; hsa_circ_0000745) in breast cancer (BC) cells under radiation treatment. Based on quantitative real-time PCR, circSPECC1 was highly upregulated in BC patients' tumors and cells, and circSPECC1 expression was further increased with the dosage of radiation in BC cells. Moreover, circSPECC1 upregulation was found to be concomitant with higher chromobox 8 (CBX8) and lower microRNA (miR)-1236-3p expression. Functionally, 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-y1)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) and colony formation assays showed that circSPECC1 interference suppressed cell proliferation and long-term survival in BC cells and irradiated BC cells. Xenograft tumor model experiments showed that circSPECC1 knockdown restrained BC tumor growth in vivo. Meanwhile, flow cytometry assay and western blotting revealed an enhanced apoptosis by silencing circSPECC1. Moreover, miR-1236-3p overexpression, similar to circSPECC1 silencing, displayed anti-growth and proapoptosis roles in irradiated BC cells. Mechanistically, dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay identified a target relationship between miR-1236-3p and circSPECC1 or CBX8. Also, CBX8 expression could be modulated by circSPECC1 via miR-1236-3p regulation. Collectively, we indicated that inhibiting circSPECC1 could suppress growth and promote apoptosis of BC cells in both irradiated and nonirradiated conditions at least partially via miR-1236-3p/CBX8 axis, confirming that circSPECC1 might be target to develop anticancer drug in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuipeng Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Province, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Lianyungang No. 2 Hospital of Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Energy Zaozhuang Mining Group Central Hospital, China
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Manousakis E, Miralles CM, Esquerda MG, Wright RHG. CDKN1A/p21 in Breast Cancer: Part of the Problem, or Part of the Solution? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17488. [PMID: 38139316 PMCID: PMC10743848 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (Cip1/Waf1/CDKN1A/p21) is a well-established protein, primarily recognised for its pivotal role in the cell cycle, where it induces cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Over the years, extensive research has shed light on various additional mechanisms involving CDKN1A/p21, implicating it in processes such as apoptosis, DNA damage response (DDR), and the regulation of stem cell fate. Interestingly, p21 can function either as an oncogene or as a tumour suppressor in these contexts. Complicating matters further, the expression of CDKN1A/p21 is elevated in certain tumour types while downregulated in others. In this comprehensive review, we provide an overview of the multifaceted functions of CDKN1A/p21, present clinical data pertaining to cancer patients, and delve into potential strategies for targeting CDKN1A/p21 as a therapeutic approach to cancer. Manipulating CDKN1A/p21 shows great promise for therapy given its involvement in multiple cancer hallmarks, such as sustained cell proliferation, the renewal of cancer stem cells (CSCs), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell migration, and resistance to chemotherapy. Given the dual role of CDKN1A/p21 in these processes, a more in-depth understanding of its specific mechanisms of action and its regulatory network is imperative to establishing successful therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Roni H. G. Wright
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
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4
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Fu T, Ma X, Du SL, Ke ZY, Wang XC, Yin HH, Wang WX, Liu YJ, Liang AL. p21 promotes gemcitabine tolerance in A549 cells by inhibiting DNA damage and altering the cell cycle. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:471. [PMID: 37809050 PMCID: PMC10551858 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.14059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gemcitabine is one of the most widely used chemotherapy drugs for advanced malignant tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer. However, the clinical efficacy of gemcitabine is limited due to drug resistance. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of p21 in gemcitabine-resistant A549 (A549/G+) lung cancer cells. IC50 values were determined using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. mRNA and protein expression levels of genes were measured by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting, respectively. The cell cycle distribution and apoptosis rate were analyzed by flow cytometry. DNA damage in cells was evaluated by single-cell gel electrophoresis. The results of western blot analysis and the CCK-8 assay demonstrated that the expression of p21 was higher in A549/G+ cells than in gemcitabine-sensitive cells. Knockdown of p21 expression in gemcitabine-resistant cells sensitized these cells to gemcitabine (with the IC50 decreasing from 84.2 to 26.7 µM). Cell cycle analysis revealed different changes in the cell cycle distribution in A549/G+ cells treated with the same concentration of gemcitabine, and decreased expression of p21 was shown to promote G1 arrest. The apoptosis assay and comet assay results revealed that decreased p21 expression resulted in accumulation of unrepaired DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and induction of apoptosis by gemcitabine. The present study demonstrated that knockout of p21 mRNA expression in A549/G+ cells promotes apoptosis and DNA DSB accumulation, accompanied by G1 arrest. These results indicated that p21 is involved in regulating the response of A549 cells to gemcitabine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Fu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524045, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinle City Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050700, P.R. China
| | - Shen-Lin Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Yin Ke
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Chun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Han Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Xuan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Jun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Ai-Ling Liang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
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Sakamoto T, Tanimoto K, Eguchi H, Sasaki S, Tsuboi K, Hayashi SI, Ichihara S. Resveratrol exhibits diverse anti-cancer activities through epigenetic regulation of E-cadherin and p21 in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer 2023; 30:727-738. [PMID: 37166625 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-023-01465-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has an aggressive phenotype and poor outcome, however no specific targeted therapy has been established for TNBC lacking germline BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants. To develop a novel therapeutic strategy, we explored the potential of resveratrol (RSV) for TNBC treatment. METHODS We investigated the effects of RSV on malignant phenotypes of TNBC cells as well as on apoptosis induced by ABT263, a specific inhibitor of BCL-2 and BCL-xL, using morphological observation, migration assay, β-galactosidase staining, and Hoechst staining. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of RSV-mediated effects, expression levels and histone acetylation levels of cadherin 1 (CDH1, E-cadherin) and cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A, p21) were determined by RT-qPCR, western blotting, and chromatin immunoprecipitation. Furthermore, knockdown analysis was conducted to evaluate the involvement of E-cadherin and/or p21 in RSV potentiation on cytotoxic activity of ABT263. RESULTS RSV treatment induced epithelial-like cellular morphology and suppressed the migration capacity in MDA-MB-231 and BT-549-Luc TNBC cells. β-galactosidase-positive cells were increased after RSV treatment, indicating the induction of cellular senescence, in MDA-MB-231 cells but not in BT-549-Luc cells. RSV increased the expression and histone acetylation of CDH1 and CDKN1A in both cells. Interestingly, pre-treatment with RSV enhanced the induction of apoptosis in the ABT263-treated MDA-MB-231 and BT-549-Luc cells, and knockdown of CDKN1A decreased ABT263-induced apoptosis in RSV-treated MDA-MB-231 cells. CONCLUSIONS RSV represses the metastatic capacity and enhances the cytotoxic activity of ABT263 in TNBC cells. Our results suggested that RSV can potentially be used as a repressor of metastasis or a sensitizer to ABT263 for TNBC treatment via up-regulation of CDH1 and CDKN1A through epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Sakamoto
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
| | - Keiji Tanimoto
- Department of Radiation Disaster Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Eguchi
- Diagnostics and Therapeutics of Intractable Diseases and Intractable Disease Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Shunta Sasaki
- Department of Molecular and Functional Dynamics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai-shi, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kouki Tsuboi
- Department of Molecular and Functional Dynamics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai-shi, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Hayashi
- Department of Molecular and Functional Dynamics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai-shi, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Sahoko Ichihara
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
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6
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Shen J, Wang Q, Mao Y, Gao W, Duan S. Targeting the p53 signaling pathway in cancers: Molecular mechanisms and clinical studies. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e288. [PMID: 37256211 PMCID: PMC10225743 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressor p53 can transcriptionally activate downstream genes in response to stress, and then regulate the cell cycle, DNA repair, metabolism, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and other biological responses. p53 has seven functional domains and 12 splice isoforms, and different domains and subtypes play different roles. The activation and inactivation of p53 are finely regulated and are associated with phosphorylation/acetylation modification and ubiquitination modification, respectively. Abnormal activation of p53 is closely related to the occurrence and development of cancer. While targeted therapy of the p53 signaling pathway is still in its early stages and only a few drugs or treatments have entered clinical trials, the development of new drugs and ongoing clinical trials are expected to lead to the widespread use of p53 signaling-targeted therapy in cancer treatment in the future. TRIAP1 is a novel p53 downstream inhibitor of apoptosis. TRIAP1 is the homolog of yeast mitochondrial intermembrane protein MDM35, which can play a tumor-promoting role by blocking the mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway. This work provides a systematic overview of recent basic research and clinical progress in the p53 signaling pathway and proposes that TRIAP1 is an important therapeutic target downstream of p53 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinze Shen
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of MedicineHangzhou City UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Qurui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of MedicineHangzhou City UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yunan Mao
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of MedicineHangzhou City UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Wei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of MedicineHangzhou City UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Shiwei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of MedicineHangzhou City UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
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Mu L, Yin X, Bai H, Li J, Qiu L, Zeng Q, Fu S, Ye J. Mannose-binding lectin suppresses macrophage proliferation through TGF-β1 signaling pathway in Nile tilapia. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1159577. [PMID: 37261343 PMCID: PMC10227430 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1159577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is a multifunctional pattern recognition molecule, which not only mediates the recognition of pathogenic microorganisms and their products, playing an important role in innate immune defense, but also participates in adaptive immune responses of mammalian. However, it's related immune mechanism remains limited, especially the regulation of cell proliferation in early vertebrates. In this study, OnMBL was found to bind to kidney macrophages (MФ) from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Interestingly, OnMBL was able to reduce the proliferation of activated-MФ by regulating the cell cycle, arresting a large number of cells in the G0/G1 phase, and increasing the probability of apoptosis. More importantly, we found that the inhibition of cell proliferation by OnMBL was closely related to the evolutionarily conserved canonical transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) signaling pathway. Mechanistically, OnMBL could significantly increase the expression of TGF-β1, activate and regulate the downstream Smad-dependent pathway to reduce the MФ proliferation, thereby maintaining cellular homeostasis in the body's internal environment. This study represents the first description regarding the regulatory mechanisms of the MBL on cell proliferation in teleost fish, which provides a novel perspective on the understanding of the multiple function and evolutionary origins of C-type lectins in the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Mu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoxue Yin
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Bai
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiadong Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Qiu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingliang Zeng
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengli Fu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianmin Ye
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Environmentally-Friendly Aquaculture, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Li Y, Li S, Shi X, Xin Z, Yang Y, Zhao B, Li Y, Lv L, Ren P, Wu H. KLF12 promotes the proliferation of breast cancer cells by reducing the transcription of p21 in a p53-dependent and p53-independent manner. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:313. [PMID: 37156774 PMCID: PMC10167366 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05824-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women worldwide. Many genes are involved in the development of breast cancer, including the Kruppel Like Factor 12 (KLF12) gene, which has been implicated in the development and progression of several cancers. However, the comprehensive regulatory network of KLF12 in breast cancer has not yet been fully elucidated. This study examined the role of KLF12 in breast cancer and its associated molecular mechanisms. KLF12 was found to promote the proliferation of breast cancer and inhibit apoptosis in response to genotoxic stress. Subsequent mechanistic studies showed that KLF12 inhibits the activity of the p53/p21 axis, specifically by interacting with p53 and affecting its protein stability via influencing the acetylation and ubiquitination of lysine370/372/373 at the C-terminus of p53. Furthermore, KLF12 disrupted the interaction between p53 and p300, thereby reducing the acetylation of p53 and stability. Meanwhile, KLF12 also inhibited the transcription of p21 independently of p53. These results suggest that KLF12 might have an important role in breast cancer and serve as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Li
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, China
| | - Shujing Li
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaoxia Shi
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, China
| | - Zhiqiang Xin
- The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116000, Dalian, China
| | - Yuxi Yang
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, China
| | - Binggong Zhao
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, China
| | - Yvlin Li
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, China
| | - Linlin Lv
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, China
| | - Ping Ren
- The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116000, Dalian, China.
| | - Huijian Wu
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, China.
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Boccarelli A, Del Buono N, Esposito F. Cluster of resistance-inducing genes in MCF-7 cells by estrogen, insulin, methotrexate and tamoxifen extracted via NMF. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 242:154347. [PMID: 36738509 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer has become a leading cause of death for women as the economy has grown and the number of women in the labor force has increased. Several biomarkers with diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications for breast cancer have been identified in studies, leading to therapeutic advances. Resistance, on the other hand, is one of clinical practice's limitations. In this paper, we use Nonnegative Matrix Factorization to automatically extract two gene signatures from gene expression profiles of wild-type and resistance MCF-7 cells, which were then investigated further using pathways analysis and proved useful in relating resistance pathways to breast cancer regardless of the stimulus that caused it. A few extracted genes (including MAOA, IL4I1, RRM2, DUT, NME4, and SUMO3) represent new elements in the functional network for resistance in MCF-7 ER+ breast cancer. As a result of this research, a better understanding of how resistance occurs or the pathways that contribute to it may allow more effective therapies to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Boccarelli
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Polo Jonico, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, Bari, Italy.
| | - Nicoletta Del Buono
- Department of Mathematics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via Edoardo Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; INDAM-GNCS Research Group, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Roma, Italy.
| | - Flavia Esposito
- Department of Mathematics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via Edoardo Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; INDAM-GNCS Research Group, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Roma, Italy.
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10
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Ilhan S, Atmaca H, Yilmaz ES, Korkmaz E, Zora M. N-Propargylic β-enaminones in breast cancer cells: Cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and cell cycle analyses. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23299. [PMID: 36647602 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and the discovery of new cytotoxic agents is needed. Enaminones are regarded to be a significant structural motif that is found in a variety of pharmacologically active compounds however the number of studies investigating the anticancer activities of N-propargylic β-enaminones (NPEs) is limited. Herein we investigated the potential cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of 23 different NPEs (1-23) on human breast cancer cells. Cytotoxicity was evaluated via MTT assay. Apoptotic cell death and cell cycle distributions were investigated by flow cytometry. CM-H2DCFDA dye was used to evaluate cellular ROS levels. Expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, p21, and Cyclin D1 were measured by quantitative real-time PCR. ADME properties were calculated using the ADMET 2.0 tool. NPEs 4, 9, 16, and 21 showed selective cytotoxic activity against breast cancer cells with SI values >2. NPEs induced apoptosis and caused significant changes in Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA levels. The cell cycle was arrested at the G0/G1 phase and levels of p21 and Cyclin D1 were upregulated in both breast cancer cells. ROS levels were significantly increased by NPEs, suggesting that the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of NPEs were mediated by ROS. ADME analysis revealed that NPEs showed favorable distributions in both breast cancer cell lines, meaning good lipophilicity values, low unfractionated values, and high bioavailability. Therefore, these potential anticancer compounds should be further validated by in vivo studies for their appropriate function in human health with a safety profile, and a comprehensive drug interaction study should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman Ilhan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Harika Atmaca
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Elif Serel Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Korkmaz
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Metin Zora
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
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11
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Wei Z, Gan J, Feng X, Zhang M, Chen Z, Zhao H, Du Y. APOBEC3B is overexpressed in cervical cancer and promotes the proliferation of cervical cancer cells through apoptosis, cell cycle, and p53 pathway. Front Oncol 2022; 12:864889. [PMID: 36249021 PMCID: PMC9556651 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.864889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective APOBEC3B (A3B), a member of the APOBEC family of cytidine deaminases, has been gradually regarded as a key cancerous regulator. However, its expression and mechanism in cervical cancer (CC) have not been fully elucidated. This study was to investigate its expression pattern and potential mechanism on the cell cycle, as well as HPV oncogenes in CC. Methods Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression (GEO) were used to indicate the mRNA expression pattern of A3B in cervical cancer. Western blot assay was used to detect A3B levels in SiHa and Hela cell lines. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to explore A3B protein abundance and sublocation in cervical cancer as well as normal cervical tissues. Based on the Protein atlas (www.proteinatlas.org), A3B expression in the SiHa cell line is lower than in the HeLa cell line. Therefore, the SiHa cell line was used for A3B gene overexpression experiments while the HeLa cell line was used for knockdown experiments. Flow cytometry analysis was used to detect cell apoptosis. Biological function and cancer-related pathways of A3B were conducted using bioinformatics analysis. Results A3B mRNA was significantly overexpressed in cervical cancer in TCGA-cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC), GSE67522, and GSE7803. A3B was more highly expressed in cervical cancers than in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and normal controls. A3B expression was found to be progressively activated during cervical cancer development. IHC results showed that A3B was significantly higher in cervical cancer tissues than in normal cervical tissues. A3B plasmid-mediated overexpression experiments and A3B siRNA-mediated knockdown experiments showed that A3B significantly promotes cell proliferation, migration, cell cycle, and chemoresistance in cervical cancer cells by the p53 pathway. GO and KEGG analyses showed that A3B expression was strikingly associated with cell proliferation, apoptosis, and immune-associated pathways. Conclusions Taken together, our study implies that A3B promotes cell proliferation, migration, and cell cycle and inhibits cancer cell apoptosis through the p53-mediated signaling pathway. Moreover, A3B could also contribute to chemoresistance in cervical cancer cells. It may be a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for chemoresistant cervical cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Gan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Feng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mo Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhixian Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbo Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Du, ; Hongbo Zhao,
| | - Yan Du
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Du, ; Hongbo Zhao,
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12
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Koyanagi A, Kotani H, Iida Y, Tanino R, Kartika ID, Kishimoto K, Harada M. Protective roles of cytoplasmic
p21
Cip1
/Waf1
in senolysis and ferroptosis of lung cancer cells. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13326. [DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Koyanagi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Shimane University Izumo Shimane Japan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Tatikawa General Hospital Niigata Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kotani
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Shimane University Izumo Shimane Japan
| | - Yuichi Iida
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Shimane University Izumo Shimane Japan
| | - Ryosuke Tanino
- Division of Medical Oncology & Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Shimane University Izumo Shimane Japan
| | - Irna D. Kartika
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Shimane University Izumo Shimane Japan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine University of Muslim Indonesia Sulawesi Indonesia
| | - Koji Kishimoto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Tatikawa General Hospital Niigata Japan
| | - Mamoru Harada
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Shimane University Izumo Shimane Japan
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13
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Geng S, Peng W, Wang X, Hu X, Liang H, Hou J, Wang F, Zhao G, Lü M, Cui H. ARIH2 regulates the proliferation, DNA damage and chemosensitivity of gastric cancer cells by reducing the stability of p21 via ubiquitination. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:564. [PMID: 35732617 PMCID: PMC9218151 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04965-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Ariadne homolog 2 (ARIH2) is a key member of the RING-between-RING (RBR) E3 ligase family, which is characterized by an RBR domain involved in the polyubiquitination process. However, the molecular mechanism and biological function of ARIH2 in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer remain unclear. In this paper, we found that high ARIH2 expression is correlated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients and that ARIH2 can significantly promote the proliferation of gastric cancer cells. The effect of ARIH2 knockdown on colony formation and tumorigenesis of gastric cancer cells was also shown both in vivo and in vitro. Further mechanistic investigations revealed that ARIH2 interacts with p21 and induces p21 ubiquitination, and that the K48 residue of ubiquitin and the K161 residue of p21 play key roles in ARIH2-mediated p21 ubiquitination. We identified ARIH2 as an E3 ligase of p21 by an in vitro ubiquitination assay. In addition, ARIH2 knockdown induced DNA damage, and then induced cell apoptosis and regulated the chemosensitivity of gastric cancer cells after combined treatment with 5-fluorouracil. Generally, our results indicated that ARIH2 promotes the proliferation of gastric cancer cells and regulates p21 expression. These data demonstrate the need to further evaluate the potential therapeutic implications of ARIH2 in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjun Geng
- grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China ,grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China
| | - Wen Peng
- grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China ,grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China
| | - Xue Wang
- grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 400014 Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China ,grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China
| | - Hanghua Liang
- grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China ,grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China
| | - Jianbing Hou
- grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China ,grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Wang
- grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China ,grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China
| | - Gaichao Zhao
- grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China ,grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China
| | - Muhan Lü
- grid.488387.8Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China ,grid.263906.80000 0001 0362 4044Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, China
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14
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Wang K, Huang D, Zhou P, Su X, Yang R, Shao C, Wu J. Bisphenol A exposure triggers the malignant transformation of prostatic hyperplasia in beagle dogs via cfa-miR-204/KRAS axis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 235:113430. [PMID: 35325610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The prostatic toxicity of bisphenol A (BPA) exposure is mainly associated with hormonal disturbances, thus interfering with multiple signal pathways and increasing the susceptibility to prostatic lesions. This study concentrates predominantly on the potential effect and mechanisms of low-dose BPA exposure on prostates in adult beagle dogs. The dogs were orally given BPA (2, 6, 18 μg/kg/day) and vehicle for 8 weeks, followed by blood collection and dissection. The ascended organ coefficient and volume of prostates, thickened epithelium, as well as histopathological observation have manifested that BPA exposure could trigger the aberrant prostatic hyperplasia in beagle dogs. Hormone level detection revealed that the ratios of estradiol (E2) to testosterone (T) (E2/T) and prolactin (PRL) to T (PRL/T) were up-regulated in the serum from BPA group. Based on microRNA (miRNA) microarray screening and functional enrichment analysis, BPA might facilitate the progression of prostate tumorigenesis in beagle dogs via cfa-miR-204 and its downstream target KRAS oncogene. Subsequently, the overexpression of KRAS, CDKN1A, MAPK1, VEGFA, BCL2 and PTGS2 was validated. These findings provide a series of underlying targets for preventing the initiation and metastasis of BPA-induced prostatic hyperplasia and tumorigenesis, while the regulatory relationship headed with KRAS requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyue Wang
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Pharmacy School of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Dongyan Huang
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Pharmacy School of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Pharmacy School of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xin Su
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Pharmacy School of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rongfu Yang
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Pharmacy School of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Congcong Shao
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Pharmacy School of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianhui Wu
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Pharmacy School of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200032, China.
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15
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Jassim MMA, Rasool KH, Mahmood MM. p53, p21, and cyclin d1 protein expression patterns in patients with breast cancer. Vet World 2021; 14:2833-2838. [PMID: 34903946 PMCID: PMC8654745 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.2833-2838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: The mutation in the wild-type tumor suppressor gene p53 is the most common genetic change in human tumors. In addition, the normal function of p21, which is both antiproliferative and an inhibitor of the cell cycle, is disrupted in some types of cancer. Meanwhile, cyclin D1 is a member of the cyclin protein family that is involved in regulating cell cycle progression. This study aimed to assess the expressions of the cell cycle inhibitory proteins p21, cyclin D1, and tumor suppressor gene p53, as well as their influence on the expressed histopathological changes in breast cancer tissues. Materials and Methods: Overall, 40 breast tissue specimens were investigated in this study, 30 of which were cancerous, while 10 were healthy tissues. p53, p21, and cyclin D1 expression patterns were detected using an immunohistochemistry (IHC) system. Results: The IHC reactions for p53 were positively observed in 27/30 (90%) cancerous tissues, compared with 2/10 (20%) normal breast tissues. For p21, reactions were observed in 28/30 (93.33%) cancerous tissues and 3/10 (30%) control tissues. For cyclin D1, reactions were observed in 25/30 (83.33%) cancerous tissues and 1/10 (10%) control tissues. The differences between the breast cancer tissues and the control tissues were statistically highly significant (p<0.01). Conclusion: The high expression rates of p21, cyclin D1, and p53 in malignant breast cancer cells with little or no regulatory role might imply mutational events in these proteins operating in concert with a variety of other genetic mutations in these tissues, which may play a molecular role in the development and/or progression of breast carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khetam Habeeb Rasool
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
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16
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Xie S, Jiang X, Qin R, Song S, Lu Y, Wang L, Chen Y, Lu D. miR-1307 promotes hepatocarcinogenesis by CALR-OSTC-endoplasmic reticulum protein folding pathway. iScience 2021; 24:103271. [PMID: 34761190 PMCID: PMC8567365 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
miR-1307 is highly expressed in liver cancer and inhibits methyltransferase protein8. Thereby, miR-1307 inhibits the expression of KDM3A and KDM3B and increases the methylation modification of histone H3 lysine 9, which enhances the expression of endoplasmic-reticulum-related gene CALR. Of note, miR-1307 weakens the binding ability of OSTC to CDK2, CDK4, CyclinD1, and cyclinE and enhances the binding ability of CALR to CDK2, CDK4, CyclinD1, and cyclinE, decreasing of p21WAF1/CIP1, GADD45, pRB, and p18, and decreasing of ppRB. Furthermore, miR-1307 increases the activity of H-Ras, PKM2, and PLK1. Strikingly, miR-1307 reduces the binding ability of OSTC to ATG4 and enhances the binding ability of CALR to ATG4. Therefore, miR-1307 reduces the occurrence of autophagy based on ATG4-LC3-ATG3-ATG7-ATG5-ATG16L1-ATG12-ATG9- Beclin1. In particular, miR-1307 enhances the expression of PAK2, PLK1, PRKAR2A, MYBL1, and Trim44 and inhibits the expression of Sash1 and Smad5 via autophagy. Our observations suggest that miR-1307 promotes hepatocarcinogenesis by CALR-OSTC-endoplasmic reticulum protein folding pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Xie
- Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxue Jiang
- Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, China
| | - Rushi Qin
- Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, China
| | - Shuting Song
- Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, China
| | - Yanan Lu
- Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, China
| | - Liyan Wang
- Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjie Chen
- Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, China
| | - Dongdong Lu
- Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, China
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17
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Lucanus AJ, Thike AA, Tan XF, Lee KW, Guo S, King VPC, Yap VB, Bay BH, Tan PH, Yip GW. KIF21A regulates breast cancer aggressiveness and is prognostic of patient survival and tumor recurrence. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 191:63-75. [PMID: 34698969 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06426-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Invasion of carcinoma cells into surrounding tissue affects breast cancer staging, influences choice of treatment, and impacts on patient outcome. KIF21A is a member of the kinesin superfamily that has been well-studied in congenital extraocular muscle fibrosis. However, its biological relevance in breast cancer is unknown. This study investigated the functional roles of KIF21A in this malignancy and examined its expression pattern in breast cancer tissue. METHODS The function of KIF21A in breast carcinoma was studied in vitro by silencing its expression in breast cancer cells and examining the changes in cellular activities. Immunohistochemical staining of breast cancer tissue microarrays was performed to determine the expression patterns of KIF21A. RESULTS Knocking down the expression of KIF21A using siRNA in MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 human breast cancer cells resulted in significant decreases in tumor cell migration and invasiveness. This was associated with reduced Patched 1 expression and F-actin microfilaments. Additionally, the number of focal adhesion kinase- and paxillin-associated focal adhesions was increased. Immunohistochemical staining of breast cancer tissue microarrays showed that KIF21A was expressed in both the cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments of carcinoma cells. Predominance of cytoplasmic KIF21A was significantly associated with larger tumors and high grade cancer, and prognostic of cause-specific overall patient survival and breast cancer recurrence. CONCLUSION The data demonstrates that KIF21A is an important regulator of breast cancer aggressiveness and may be useful in refining prognostication of this malignant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton J Lucanus
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117594, Singapore.,School of Anatomy, Human Biology and Physiology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Aye Aye Thike
- Division of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Xing Fei Tan
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117594, Singapore
| | - Kee Wah Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117594, Singapore
| | - Shiyuan Guo
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117594, Singapore
| | - Victoria P C King
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117594, Singapore
| | - Von Bing Yap
- Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
| | - Boon Huat Bay
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117594, Singapore
| | - Puay Hoon Tan
- Division of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - George W Yip
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117594, Singapore.
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18
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Troschel FM, Palenta H, Borrmann K, Heshe K, Hua SH, Yip GW, Kiesel L, Eich HT, Götte M, Greve B. Knockdown of the prognostic cancer stem cell marker Musashi-1 decreases radio-resistance while enhancing apoptosis in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer cells via p21 WAF1/CIP1. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:3299-3312. [PMID: 34291358 PMCID: PMC8484224 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03743-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Purpose While the stem cell marker Musashi-1 (MSI-1) has been identified as a key player in a wide array of malignancies, few findings exist on its prognostic relevance and relevance for cancer cell death and therapy resistance in breast cancer. Methods First, we determined prognostic relevance of MSI-1 in database analyses regarding multiple survival outcomes. To substantiate findings, MSI-1 was artificially downregulated in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and implications for cancer stem cell markers, cell apoptosis and apoptosis regulator p21, proliferation and radiation response were analyzed via flow cytometry and colony formation. Radiation-induced p21 expression changes were investigated using a dataset containing patient samples obtained before and after irradiation and own in vitro experiments. Results MSI-1 is a negative prognostic marker for disease-free and distant metastasis-free survival in breast cancer and tends to negatively influence overall survival. MSI-1 knockdown downregulated stem cell gene expression and proliferation, but increased p21 levels and apoptosis. Similar to the MSI-1 knockdown effect, p21 expression was strongly increased after irradiation and was expressed at even higher levels in MSI-1 knockdown cells after irradiation. Finally, combined use of MSI-1 silencing and irradiation reduced cancer cell survival. Conclusion MSI-1 is a prognostic marker in breast cancer. MSI-1 silencing downregulates proliferation while increasing apoptosis. The anti-proliferation mediator p21 was upregulated independently after both MSI-1 knockdown and irradiation and even more after both treatments combined, suggesting synergistic potential. Radio-sensitization effects after combining radiation and MSI-1 knockdown underline the potential of MSI-1 as a therapeutic target. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00432-021-03743-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian M Troschel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Heike Palenta
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Katrin Borrmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Kristin Heshe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - San Hue Hua
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117594, Singapore
| | - George W Yip
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117594, Singapore
| | - Ludwig Kiesel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Hans Theodor Eich
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Burkhard Greve
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
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19
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Iarovaia OV, Ioudinkova ES, Velichko AK, Razin SV. Manipulation of Cellular Processes via Nucleolus Hijaking in the Course of Viral Infection in Mammals. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071597. [PMID: 34202380 PMCID: PMC8303250 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their exceptional simplicity of organization, viruses rely on the resources, molecular mechanisms, macromolecular complexes, regulatory pathways, and functional compartments of the host cell for an effective infection process. The nucleolus plays an important role in the process of interaction between the virus and the infected cell. The interactions of viral proteins and nucleic acids with the nucleolus during the infection process are universal phenomena and have been described for almost all taxonomic groups. During infection, proteins of the nucleolus in association with viral components can be directly used for the processes of replication and transcription of viral nucleic acids and the assembly and transport of viral particles. In the course of a viral infection, the usurpation of the nucleolus functions occurs and the usurpation is accompanied by profound changes in ribosome biogenesis. Recent studies have demonstrated that the nucleolus is a multifunctional and dynamic compartment. In addition to the biogenesis of ribosomes, it is involved in regulating the cell cycle and apoptosis, responding to cellular stress, repairing DNA, and transcribing RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. A viral infection can be accompanied by targeted transport of viral proteins to the nucleolus, massive release of resident proteins of the nucleolus into the nucleoplasm and cytoplasm, the movement of non-nucleolar proteins into the nucleolar compartment, and the temporary localization of viral nucleic acids in the nucleolus. The interaction of viral and nucleolar proteins interferes with canonical and non-canonical functions of the nucleolus and results in a change in the physiology of the host cell: cell cycle arrest, intensification or arrest of ribosome biogenesis, induction or inhibition of apoptosis, and the modification of signaling cascades involved in the stress response. The nucleolus is, therefore, an important target during viral infection. In this review, we discuss the functional impact of viral proteins and nucleic acid interaction with the nucleolus during infection.
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20
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An J, Kim JB, Yang EY, Kim HO, Lee WH, Yang J, Kwon H, Paik NS, Lim W, Kim YK, Moon BI. Bacterial extracellular vesicles affect endocrine therapy in MCF7 cells. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25835. [PMID: 33950995 PMCID: PMC8104188 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND : The microbiome is important in the development and progression of breast cancer. This study investigated the effects of microbiome derived from Klebsiella on endocrine therapy of breast cancer using MCF7 cells. The bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) that affect endocrine therapy were established through experiments focused on tamoxifen efficacy. METHODS : The microbiomes of breast cancer patients and healthy controls were analyzed using next-generation sequencing. Among microbiome, Klebsiella was selected as the experimental material for the effect on endocrine therapy in MCF7 cells. MCF7 cells were incubated with tamoxifen in the absence/presence of bacterial EVs derived from Klebsiella pneumoniae and analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. RESULTS : Microbiome derived from Klebsiella is abundant in breast cancer patients especially luminal A subtype compared to healthy controls. The addition of EVs derived from K pneumoniae enhances the anti-hormonal effects of tamoxifen in MCF7 cells. The increased efficacy of tamoxifen is mediated via Cyclin E2 and p-ERK. CONCLUSION : Based on experiments, the EVs derived from K pneumoniae are important in hormone therapy on MCF7 cells. This result provides new insight into breast cancer mechanisms and hormone therapy using Klebsiella found in the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongshin An
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu
| | - Jong Bin Kim
- Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu
| | - Eun Yeol Yang
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu
| | - Hye Ok Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu
| | - Won-Hee Lee
- MD Healthcare, Room 1303, Woori Technology Inc. building, Sangam-dong, World Cup Buk-ro 56-gil, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Yang
- MD Healthcare, Room 1303, Woori Technology Inc. building, Sangam-dong, World Cup Buk-ro 56-gil, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungju Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu
| | - Nam Sun Paik
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu
| | - Woosung Lim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu
| | - Yoon-Keun Kim
- MD Healthcare, Room 1303, Woori Technology Inc. building, Sangam-dong, World Cup Buk-ro 56-gil, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu
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21
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Zeng Y, Wang J, Huang Q, Ren Y, Li T, Zhang X, Yao R, Sun J. Cucurbitacin IIa: A review of phytochemistry and pharmacology. Phytother Res 2021; 35:4155-4170. [PMID: 33724593 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cucurbitacin IIa was first found in plants and it belongs to tetracyclo triterpenoids. It is one of the most important active components in cucurbitaceae plants. Studies have found that cucurbitacin IIa has a variety of pharmacological effects, such as antitumor, antiinflammatory, antibacterial, antihepatitis B virus, inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus replication, and antidepressant effect. However, the underlying mechanisms, intracellular targets, and structure-activity relationships of cucurbitacin IIa remain to be completely elucidated. This review summarizes the current advances concerning the phytochemistry and pharmacology of cucurbitacin IIa. Electronic databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and CNKI were used to find relevant information about cucurbitacin IIa using keywords such as "Cucurbitacin IIa," "Pharmacology," and "Phytochemistry." These pharmacological effects involve the actin cytoskeleton aggregation, the regulation of JAK2/STAT3, ERBB-MAPK, CaMKII α/CREB/BDNF signal pathways, as well as the regulation of survivin, caspases, and other cell cycles, apoptosis, autophagy-related cytokines, and kinases. It has high development and use value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Wang
- College of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qinwan Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingna Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaorui Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Renchuan Yao
- Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Fermented Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jianyang, China
| | - Jilin Sun
- Sichuan Fu Zheng Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Jianyang, China
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22
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Abstract
Despite the decline in death rate from breast cancer and recent advances in targeted therapies and combinations for the treatment of metastatic disease, metastatic breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer-associated death in U.S. women. The invasion-metastasis cascade involves a number of steps and multitudes of proteins and signaling molecules. The pathways include invasion, intravasation, circulation, extravasation, infiltration into a distant site to form a metastatic niche, and micrometastasis formation in a new environment. Each of these processes is regulated by changes in gene expression. Noncoding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in breast cancer tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis by post-transcriptional regulation of target gene expression. miRNAs can stimulate oncogenesis (oncomiRs), inhibit tumor growth (tumor suppressors or miRsupps), and regulate gene targets in metastasis (metastamiRs). The goal of this review is to summarize some of the key miRNAs that regulate genes and pathways involved in metastatic breast cancer with an emphasis on estrogen receptor α (ERα+) breast cancer. We reviewed the identity, regulation, human breast tumor expression, and reported prognostic significance of miRNAs that have been documented to directly target key genes in pathways, including epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributing to the metastatic cascade. We critically evaluated the evidence for metastamiRs and their targets and miRNA regulation of metastasis suppressor genes in breast cancer progression and metastasis. It is clear that our understanding of miRNA regulation of targets in metastasis is incomplete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda J Petri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
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23
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The Role of Cell Cycle Regulators in Cell Survival-Dual Functions of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 20 and p21 Cip1/Waf1. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228504. [PMID: 33198081 PMCID: PMC7698114 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian cell cycle is important in controlling normal cell proliferation and the development of various diseases. Cell cycle checkpoints are well regulated by both activators and inhibitors to avoid cell growth disorder and cancerogenesis. Cyclin dependent kinase 20 (CDK20) and p21Cip1/Waf1 are widely recognized as key regulators of cell cycle checkpoints controlling cell proliferation/growth and involving in developing multiple cancers. Emerging evidence demonstrates that these two cell cycle regulators also play an essential role in promoting cell survival independent of the cell cycle, particularly in those cells with a limited capability of proliferation, such as cardiomyocytes. These findings bring new insights into understanding cytoprotection in these tissues. Here, we summarize the new progress of the studies on these two molecules in regulating cell cycle/growth, and their new roles in cell survival by inhibiting various cell death mechanisms. We also outline their potential implications in cancerogenesis and protection in heart diseases. This information renews the knowledge in molecular natures and cellular functions of these regulators, leading to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the associated diseases and the discovery of new therapeutic strategies.
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24
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Chen YL, Yen IC, Lin KT, Lai FY, Lee SY. 4-Acetylantrocamol LT3, a New Ubiquinone from Antrodia cinnamomea, Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cell Growth by Targeting YAP/TAZ, mTOR, and WNT/β-Catenin Signaling. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:1243-1261. [PMID: 32668963 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
4-acetylantrocamol LT3 (4AALT3), a new ubiquinone from the mycelium of Antrodia cinnamomea (Polyporaceae), has been recently shown to possess anticancer activity. However, the detailed mechanisms of such action remain unclear. In this study, the molecular mechanisms of 4AALT3 on hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCC) were investigated. Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 cells were treated with concentrations of 4AALT3. Cell viability, colony formation, and the underlying mechanisms were then analyzed by CCK-8, colony formation, qPCR, and Western blotting assays. We found that 4AALT3 significantly decreased cell viability and colony formation in a dose-dependent manner. Accordingly, 4AALT3 significantly decreased protein levels of cyclin B, E1, D1, and D3, thereby facilitating cell cycle arrest. In addition, 4AALT3 significantly suppressed the nuclear localization of Yes-associated protein (YAP)/transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and WNT/[Formula: see text]-catenin signaling pathways, all of which are well-known signaling pathways that contribute to the malignant properties of HCC. These effects are associated with activation of 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and autophagy. Our findings indicate that 4AALT3 exerts inhibitory effects on HepG2 cell growth via multiple signaling pathways and may be a potential agent for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Lin Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Radiology, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Chuan Yen
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Tze Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Yi Lai
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yu Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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25
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Xiang P, Wang K, Bi J, Li M, He RW, Cui D, Ma LQ. Organic extract of indoor dust induces estrogen-like effects in human breast cancer cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 726:138505. [PMID: 32481214 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Indoor dust often contains organic contaminants, which adversely impacts human health. In this study, the organic contaminants in the indoor dust from commercial offices and residential houses in Nanjing, China were extracted and their effects on human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) were investigated. Both dust extracts promoted proliferation of MCF-7 cells at ≤24 μg/100 μL, with cell viability being decreased with increasing dust concentrations. Based on LC50, house dust was less toxic than office dust. At 8 μg/100 μL, both extracts caused more MCF-7 cells into active cycling (G2/M + S) and increased intracellular Ca2+ influx, with house dust inducing stronger effects than office dust. Further, the expression of estrogen-responsive genes for TFF1 and EGR3 was enhanced by 3-9 and 4-9 folds, while the expression of cell cycle regulatory genes for cyclin D was enhanced by 2-5 folds. The results suggested that organic dust extract influenced cell viability, altered cell cycle, increased intracellular Ca2+ levels, and activated cell cycle regulatory and estrogen-responsive gene expressions, with house dust showing lower cytotoxicity but higher estrogenic potential on MCF-7 cells. The results indicate the importance of reducing organic contaminants in indoor dust to mitigate their adverse impacts on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xiang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Mountainous Rural Areas, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Mountainous Rural Areas, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Jue Bi
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Mountainous Rural Areas, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Mengying Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Mountainous Rural Areas, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Rui-Wen He
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Daolei Cui
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Mountainous Rural Areas, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
| | - Lena Q Ma
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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26
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Fu T, Liang A, Liu Y. [Role of P21 in Resistance of Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2020; 23:597-602. [PMID: 32434295 PMCID: PMC7406443 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2020.101.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common malignant tumor in the world with the highest incidence of deaths. In recent years, the treatment of lung cancer has made a significant breakthrough. However, as the tumor progresses, lung cancer cells inevitably acquire resistance and the efficacy of the treatment are greatly reduced. P21 protein plays a dual role in tumors, which not only regulates the cell cycle, induces apoptosis, inhibits cell proliferation, but also protects cells against apoptosis and promotes tumor cell resistance. This article reviews the research on P21 and lung cancer resistance, to provide new ideas for individualized treatment of lung cancer and overcoming lung cancer resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Fu
- Medical Molecular Diagnostics Key Laboratory of Guangdong, Dongguan 523808, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Department of Clinical Biochemistry in Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Ailing Liang
- Medical Molecular Diagnostics Key Laboratory of Guangdong, Dongguan 523808, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Biochemistry of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- Medical Molecular Diagnostics Key Laboratory of Guangdong, Dongguan 523808, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Department of Clinical Biochemistry in Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
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27
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Sun L, Wu C, Ming J, Nie X, Guo E, Zhang W, Hu G. Riluzole Enhances the Response of Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells to Ionizing Radiation via ATM/P53 Signalling Pathway. J Cancer 2020; 11:3089-3098. [PMID: 32231713 PMCID: PMC7097961 DOI: 10.7150/jca.41217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Riluzole is approved by the FDA as an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) drug. Previous studies showed that treatment with riluzole suppressed the proliferation of many cancer cells. However, little is known about its effects on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its molecular mode of action. In this study, we determined the effect of riluzole on apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, and invasion in NPC cell lines and investigated its mechanism at the molecular level. By using the human NPC cell lines CNE1, CNE2, and HNE1, we revealed that riluzole effectively inhibited viability of the NPC cell lines in dose- and time-dependent manners. Furthermore, riluzole dose-dependently induced apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest in the NPC cell lines. After combination with radiotherapy (RT), greater cytotoxicity was achieved than with riluzole or RT alone in vitro and vivo. This was associated with the activation of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and phosphoinositide p53 pathways. P53 silencing reduced cell reactiveness to riluzole therapy. These observations demonstrate that the riluzole-activated ATM/P53 pathway is directly involved in radiation-induced apoptosis of NPC cells. Given the acceptable side effect, combining of riluzole and radiotherapy is promising in NPC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Sun
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Cheng Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jun Ming
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xin Nie
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ergang Guo
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Guoqing Hu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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28
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Niu H, Huang Y, Yan L, Zhang L, Zhao M, Lu T, Yang X, Chen Z, Zhan C, Shi Y, Wang Q. Knockdown of SMAD3 inhibits the growth and enhances the radiosensitivity of lung adenocarcinoma via p21 in vitro and in vivo. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:1010-1022. [PMID: 32140069 PMCID: PMC7053338 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.40173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is an effective approach for the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma. However, evidence suggests that lung adenocarcinoma can easily develop tolerance to radiotherapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of SMAD3 on the radiosensitivity of lung adenocarcinoma in vitro and in vivo. We found that knockdown of SMAD3 using two short hairpin RNAs in lentivirus vectors significantly inhibited cell growth and increased radiosensitivity of the lung adenocarcinoma cell lines A549, H1299, and H1975. Using RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analyses, we found that the significantly differentially expressed genes in SMAD3 knockdown cells were mainly enriched in the cell cycle process. We then showed that knockdown of SMAD3 significantly reduced expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21) and increased the proportion of G2/M phase cells and the radiosensitivity of lung adenocarcinoma. Chromatin immunoprecipitation results in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and our luciferase assay verified that SMAD3 directly bound the p21 promoter. A series of rescue experiments showed that overexpression of p21 partly reversed the effect of SMAD3 on proliferation and radioresistance in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we found that the expression levels of SMAD3 and p21 were highly correlated, and both correlated with the patients' survival in online databases and clinical specimens. Expression of SMAD3 and p21 was also significantly different between radioresistant and radiosensitive patients in our hospital. Our results indicate that SMAD3 is a potential prognosis and radiosensitivity indicator as well as a target for radiotherapy and other treatments of patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Niu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwei Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengnan Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengcong Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Zhan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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29
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He Y, Wang Z, Hu Y, Yi X, Wu L, Cao Z, Wang J. Sensitive and selective monitoring of the DNA damage-induced intracellular p21 protein and unraveling the role of the p21 protein in DNA repair and cell apoptosis by surface plasmon resonance. Analyst 2020; 145:3697-3704. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an02464f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sensitive and selective monitoring of DNA damage-induced intracellular p21 protein is proposed using surface plasmon resonance. The method serves as a viable means for unraveling the role of p21 protein in DNA repair and cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha
- P. R. China 410083
| | - Zixiao Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha
- P. R. China 410083
| | - Yuqing Hu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha
- P. R. China 410083
| | - Xinyao Yi
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha
- P. R. China 410083
| | - Ling Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha
- P. R. China 410083
| | - Zhong Cao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering
- Changsha University of Science and Technology
- Changsha
- P. R. China 410114
| | - Jianxiu Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha
- P. R. China 410083
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30
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Yang M, Wei W. SNHG16: A Novel Long-Non Coding RNA in Human Cancers. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:11679-11690. [PMID: 32021246 PMCID: PMC6942535 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s231630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently been considered as central regulators in diverse biological processes controlling tumorigenesis. Small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16) is an important tumor-associated lncRNA mainly involved in tumorigenesis and progression by competing with endogenous RNA (ceRNA) which sponges tumor-suppressive microRNA (miRNA), and by its recruitment mechanism. SNHG16 is overexpressed in tumor tissues and cell lines of different kinds of cancers, and its presence is associated with a poor clinical prognosis. Reviewing all publications about SNHG16 revealed that it plays a key role in the different hallmarks that define human cancer, including promoting proliferation, activating migration and invasion, inhibiting apoptosis, affecting lipid metabolism and chemoresistance. This review highlights the role that the aberrant expression of SNHG16 plays in the development and progression of cancer, and suggests that SNHG16 may function as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing100730, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing100730, People’s Republic of China
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31
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Wu VT, Kiriazov B, Koch KE, Gu VW, Beck AC, Borcherding N, Li T, Addo P, Wehrspan ZJ, Zhang W, Braun TA, Brown BJ, Band V, Band H, Kulak MV, Weigel RJ. A TFAP2C Gene Signature Is Predictive of Outcome in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 18:46-56. [PMID: 31619506 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The AP-2γ transcription factor, encoded by the TFAP2C gene, regulates the expression of estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα) and other genes associated with hormone response in luminal breast cancer. Little is known about the role of AP-2γ in other breast cancer subtypes. A subset of HER2+ breast cancers with amplification of the TFAP2C gene locus becomes addicted to AP-2γ. Herein, we sought to define AP-2γ gene targets in HER2+ breast cancer and identify genes accounting for physiologic effects of growth and invasiveness regulated by AP-2γ. Comparing HER2+ cell lines that demonstrated differential response to growth and invasiveness with knockdown of TFAP2C, we identified a set of 68 differentially expressed target genes. CDH5 and CDKN1A were among the genes differentially regulated by AP-2γ and that contributed to growth and invasiveness. Pathway analysis implicated the MAPK13/p38δ and retinoic acid regulatory nodes, which were confirmed to display divergent responses in different HER2+ cancer lines. To confirm the clinical relevance of the genes identified, the AP-2γ gene signature was found to be highly predictive of outcome in patients with HER2+ breast cancer. We conclude that AP-2γ regulates a set of genes in HER2+ breast cancer that drive cancer growth and invasiveness. The AP-2γ gene signature predicts outcome of patients with HER2+ breast cancer and pathway analysis predicts that subsets of patients will respond to drugs that target the MAPK or retinoic acid pathways. IMPLICATIONS: A set of genes regulated by AP-2γ in HER2+ breast cancer that drive proliferation and invasion were identified and provided a gene signature that is predictive of outcome in HER2+ breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent T Wu
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Boris Kiriazov
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Kelsey E Koch
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Vivian W Gu
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Anna C Beck
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | | | - Tiandao Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Peter Addo
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | | | - Weizhou Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Terry A Braun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Bartley J Brown
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Vimla Band
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Hamid Band
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | | | - Ronald J Weigel
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa. .,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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32
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Menéndez-Menéndez J, Hermida-Prado F, Granda-Díaz R, González A, García-Pedrero JM, Del-Río-Ibisate N, González-González A, Cos S, Alonso-González C, Martínez-Campa C. Deciphering the Molecular Basis of Melatonin Protective Effects on Breast Cells Treated with Doxorubicin: TWIST1 a Transcription Factor Involved in EMT and Metastasis, a Novel Target of Melatonin. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11071011. [PMID: 31331001 PMCID: PMC6679136 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11071011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin mitigates cancer initiation, progression and metastasis through inhibition of both the synthesis of estrogens and the transcriptional activity of the estradiol-ER (Estrogen receptor) complex in the estrogen-dependent breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Moreover, melatonin improves the sensitivity of MCF-7 to chemotherapeutic agents and protects against their side effects. It has been described that melatonin potentiates the anti-proliferative effects of doxorubicin; however, the molecular changes involving gene expression and the activation/inhibition of intracellular signaling pathways remain largely unknown. Here we found that melatonin enhanced the anti-proliferative effect of doxorubicin in MCF-7 but not in MDA-MB-231 cells. Strikingly, doxorubicin treatment induced cell migration and invasion, and melatonin effectively counteracted these effects in MCF-7 but not in estrogen-independent MDA-MB-231 cells. Importantly, we describe for the first time the ability of melatonin to downregulate TWIST1 (Twist-related protein 1) in estrogen-dependent but not in estrogen-independent breast cancer cells. Combined with doxorubicin, melatonin inhibited the activation of p70S6K and modulated the expression of breast cancer, angiogenesis and clock genes. Moreover, melatonin regulates the levels of TWIST1-related microRNAs, such as miR-10a, miR-10b and miR-34a. Since TWIST1 plays a pivotal role in the epithelial to mesenchymal transition, acquisition of metastatic phenotype and angiogenesis, our results suggest that inhibition of TWIST1 by melatonin might be a crucial mechanism of overcoming resistance and improving the oncostatic potential of doxorubicin in estrogen-dependent breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Menéndez-Menéndez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Francisco Hermida-Prado
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rocío Granda-Díaz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alicia González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Juana María García-Pedrero
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Nagore Del-Río-Ibisate
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alicia González-González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Samuel Cos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Carolina Alonso-González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain.
| | - Carlos Martínez-Campa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain.
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Taglieri L, Saccoliti F, Nicolai A, Peruzzi G, Madia VN, Tudino V, Messore A, Di Santo R, Artico M, Taurone S, Salvati M, Costi R, Scarpa S. Discovery of a pyrimidine compound endowed with antitumor activity. Invest New Drugs 2019; 38:39-49. [PMID: 30900116 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-019-00762-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, some synthetic nitrogen-based heterocyclic molecules, such as PJ34, have shown pronounced antitumor activity. Therefore, we designed and synthesized new derivatives characterized by a nitrogen-containing scaffold and evaluated their antiproliferative properties in tumor cells. We herein report the effects of three newly synthesized compounds on cell lines from three different human cancers: triple-negative breast cancer, colon carcinoma and glioblastoma. We found that two of these compounds did not affect proliferation, while the third significantly inhibited replication of the three cell lines. Moreover, this third molecule at 20 μM led to the upregulation of p21 and p27 and blockage of the cell cycle at G0/G1; in addition, it induced apoptosis in all three cell lines when used at higher concentrations (30-50 μM). The results demonstrate that this compound is a potent inhibitor of replication, an inducer of apoptosis and a negative regulator of cell cycle progression for cancer cells of different histotypes. Our data suggest a potential role for this new molecule as an interesting and powerful tool for new approaches in treating various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Taglieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Saccoliti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Alice Nicolai
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
- Department of Sensory Organs, Sapienza University, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Peruzzi
- Italian Institute of Technology, Center for Life Nanoscience@Sapienza, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Noemi Madia
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Tudino
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Messore
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Di Santo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Artico
- Department of Sensory Organs, Sapienza University, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Samanta Taurone
- Department of Sensory Organs, Sapienza University, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Salvati
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Costi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Susanna Scarpa
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
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Kiszel P, Fiesel S, Voit S, Waechtler B, Meier T, Oelschlaegel T, Schraeml M, Engel AM. Transient gene expression using valproic acid in combination with co-transfection of SV40 large T antigen and human p21CIP
/p27KIP. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 35:e2786. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Kiszel
- R&D Cell Culture Technology of Centralized and Point of Care Solutions; Roche Diagnostics GmbH; Penzberg Germany
| | - Sonja Fiesel
- R&D Cell Culture Technology of Centralized and Point of Care Solutions; Roche Diagnostics GmbH; Penzberg Germany
| | - Susanne Voit
- R&D Cell Culture Technology of Centralized and Point of Care Solutions; Roche Diagnostics GmbH; Penzberg Germany
| | - Beate Waechtler
- R&D Cell Culture Technology of Centralized and Point of Care Solutions; Roche Diagnostics GmbH; Penzberg Germany
| | - Thomas Meier
- R&D Cell Culture Technology of Centralized and Point of Care Solutions; Roche Diagnostics GmbH; Penzberg Germany
| | - Tobias Oelschlaegel
- R&D Cell Culture Technology of Centralized and Point of Care Solutions; Roche Diagnostics GmbH; Penzberg Germany
| | - Michael Schraeml
- R&D Cell Culture Technology of Centralized and Point of Care Solutions; Roche Diagnostics GmbH; Penzberg Germany
| | - Alfred M. Engel
- R&D Cell Culture Technology of Centralized and Point of Care Solutions; Roche Diagnostics GmbH; Penzberg Germany
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35
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Anti-Cancer Effects of Green Tea Polyphenols Against Prostate Cancer. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24010193. [PMID: 30621039 PMCID: PMC6337309 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men. Green tea consumption is reported to play an important role in the prevention of carcinogenesis in many types of malignancies, including prostate cancer; however, epidemiological studies show conflicting results regarding these anti-cancer effects. In recent years, in addition to prevention, many investigators have shown the efficacy and safety of green tea polyphenols and combination therapies with green tea extracts and anti-cancer agents in in vivo and in vitro studies. Furthermore, numerous studies have revealed the molecular mechanisms of the anti-cancer effects of green tea extracts. We believe that improved understanding of the detailed pathological roles at the molecular level is important to evaluate the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer. Therefore, in this review, we present current knowledge regarding the anti-cancer effects of green tea extracts in the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer, with a particular focus on the molecular mechanisms of action, such as influencing tumor growth, apoptosis, androgen receptor signaling, cell cycle, and various malignant behaviors. Finally, the future direction for the use of green tea extracts as treatment strategies in patients with prostate cancer is introduced.
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