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Song S, Woo J, Kim H, Lee JW, Lim W, Moon BI, Kwon K. A prospective randomized controlled trial to determine the safety and efficacy of extracorporeal shock waves therapy for primary prevention of subclinical cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients without a cardiovascular risk treated with doxorubicin. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1324203. [PMID: 38385137 PMCID: PMC10879594 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1324203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Doxorubicin is a highly effective anti-cancer drug that causes left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and induces late-onset cardiomyopathy. However, an effective and clinically applicable preventive treatment is yet to be discovered. Objective Cardiac-Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (C-ESWT) has been suggested to treat inflammatory and ischemic diseases and protect cardiomyocytes from doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. This study aims to assess the safety and efficacy of C-ESWT in the prevention of subclinical cardiotoxicity. Methods We enrolled 64 breast cancer patients. C-ESWT group 33 patients were treated with our C-ESWT (200 shots/spot at 0.09 mJ/mm2 for 20 spots, 3 times every six weeks). The efficacy endpoints were the difference in left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) change by 2D speckle tracking echocardiography and chemotherapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD). Echocardiography was performed on the baseline line and every 4 cycles of chemotherapy, followed by a follow-up 3,6 months after chemotherapy to compare the incidence of cardiomyopathy of subclinical LV dysfunction due to chemotherapy between the two groups. Results Participants averaged 50 ± 9 years in age, 100% female. In the results of follow-up 6 months after the end of chemotherapy, there was a significant difference in delta LVGLS between the C-ESWT group and the control group (LVGLS; -1.1 ± 10.9% vs. -11.5 ± 11.6% p-value; <0.001). A total of 23% (15 patients) of patients developed CTRCD (Control group; 13 vs. C-ESWT group; (2). C-ESWT was performed safely without any serious adverse events. Conclusion In this prospective study, C-ESWT established efficacy in preventing subclinical cardiotoxicity, especially in breast cancer patients using doxorubicin chemotherapy, and the safety of C-ESWT. Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier (NCT05584163).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinjeong Song
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohyun Woo
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HyunGoo Kim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Woo Lee
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woosung Lim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihwan Kwon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Yoo B, Kim A, Moon HS, So MK, Jeong TD, Lee KE, Moon BI, Huh J. Evaluation of Group Genetic Counseling Sessions via a Metaverse-based Application. Ann Lab Med 2024; 44:82-91. [PMID: 37665289 PMCID: PMC10485865 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2024.44.1.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Group genetic counseling has been implemented to meet growing demand. A metaverse platform, in which a society is built and activities are carried out in the virtual world, has not yet been implemented in group genetic counseling. We investigated whether a metaverse platform could be an alternative service-delivery model for group genetic counseling. Methods Participants (N=131) were divided into three groups: patient (N=45), family (N= 43), and interested (N=43) groups. Participants entered the metaverse through a link sent to their mobile phones and attended a 20-min group genetic counseling session reviewing hereditary breast cancer, followed by a 10-min question-and-answer period. Results The overall median score of post-educational knowledge (9.0, range 8.0-10.0) significantly increased compared to that of pre-educational knowledge (6.0, range 3.0-8.0) (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the pre- and post-educational knowledge scores among the three groups (P>0.05). Most participants (95%) responded that their understanding of hereditary breast cancer had increased after the group genetic counseling session and that their satisfaction was high. The main advantage noted with metaverse was no limit of space and location while attending the session (97%), and the main disadvantage was a possibility of missing content due to an unstable internet connection (67%). Conclusions The metaverse platform would be acceptable as an alternative group genetic counseling service. More studies are needed to investigate how, for whom, and in what circumstances metaverse can be effectively utilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boeun Yoo
- Department of Genetic Counseling, College of Medicine Graduate School, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Center for Women, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Arang Kim
- Department of Genetic Counseling, College of Medicine Graduate School, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pediatrics Molecular Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hye Sung Moon
- Cancer Center for Women, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Kyung So
- Department of Genetic Counseling, College of Medicine Graduate School, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Dong Jeong
- Department of Genetic Counseling, College of Medicine Graduate School, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung Eun Lee
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Cancer Center for Women, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungwon Huh
- Department of Genetic Counseling, College of Medicine Graduate School, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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An J, Yang J, Kwon H, Lim W, Kim YK, Moon BI. Prediction of breast cancer using blood microbiome and identification of foods for breast cancer prevention. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5110. [PMID: 36991044 PMCID: PMC10060235 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32227-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of breast cancer (BC) is increasing in South Korea, and diet is closely related to the high prevalence of BC. The microbiome directly reflects eating habits. In this study, a diagnostic algorithm was developed by analyzing the microbiome patterns of BC. Blood samples were collected from 96 patients with BC and 192 healthy controls. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) were collected from each blood sample, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) of bacterial EVs was performed. Microbiome analysis of patients with BC and healthy controls identified significantly higher bacterial abundances using EVs in each group and confirmed the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Using this algorithm, animal experiments were performed to determine which foods affect EV composition. Compared to BC and healthy controls, statistically significant bacterial EVs were selected from both groups, and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn with a sensitivity of 96.4%, specificity of 100%, and accuracy of 99.6% based on the machine learning method. This algorithm is expected to be applicable to medical practice, such as in health checkup centers. In addition, the results obtained from animal experiments are expected to select and apply foods that have a positive effect on patients with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongshin An
- Institute of Convergence Medicine Research, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Yang
- MD Healthcare, Room 1303, Woori Technology Inc. building, Sangam-dong, World Cup Buk-ro 56-gil, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Semyung University, 65 Semyung-ro, Jecheon, Chungcheongbuk-do, 27136, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungju Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Woosung Lim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Keun Kim
- MD Healthcare, Room 1303, Woori Technology Inc. building, Sangam-dong, World Cup Buk-ro 56-gil, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea.
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An J, Kwon H, Woosung L, Moon BI. Prediction of breast cancer prognosis through microbiome analysis. European Journal of Surgical Oncology 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2022.11.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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Jung W, Kim K, Moon BI. Treatment Outcomes according to the EndoPredict Score in ER-Positive, HER2-Negative Early Breast Cancer. Breast Care (Basel) 2022; 17:561-566. [PMID: 36590151 PMCID: PMC9801398 DOI: 10.1159/000525838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcomes of estrogen receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (ER+/HER2-) breast cancer according to the risk group using EndoPredict (EP) score. Patients and Methods Between 2015 and 2019, 207 patients with ER+/HER2- pN0-N1 early breast cancer who underwent surgery, EP test, and adjuvant radiotherapy were accrued. The EPclin score, which combines the molecular EP score with nodal status and tumor size, was calculated, and patients were divided into EPclin low- or high-risk groups by the cutoff value of 3.3. Results There were 154 and 53 patients in the EPclin low- and high-risk groups, respectively. Forty-one patients (81.1%) of the high-risk group received adjuvant chemotherapy, while only 1 (0.6%) of the low-risk group did. With a median follow-up of 54.1 months (range 8.2-76.6), the 5-year disease-free survival rates of low- and high-risk groups were 100% and 88.9%, respectively (p < 0.001). Conclusions The EPclin score was associated with recurrences in ER+/HER2- early breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonguen Jung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyubo Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kwon H, Lim W, Moon BI. Number of Tumor Foci as a Risk Factor for Recurrence in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Does It Improve Predictability? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174141. [PMID: 36077678 PMCID: PMC9455044 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multifocality in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) increases the risk of recurrence. Some recent studies have suggested that multifocality-related parameters, such as the number of tumor foci, total tumor diameter (TTD), and bilaterality, are more useful for predicting recurrence than multifocality. However, it is still unclear if these factors can improve the accuracy of the recurrence prediction model. Between 2012 and 2019, 1288 patients with PTC underwent total thyroidectomy at Ewha Womans University Medical Center. The 5-year disease-free survival rate was 91.2% in patients with >3 tumor foci, 95.1% with 3 foci, and 97.6% with 2 foci; conversely, those with a unifocal tumor showed a 5-year recurrence-free survival rate of 98.0%. Cox proportional hazards analysis indicated that the number of tumor foci (HR for >3 foci, 3.214; HR for 3 foci, 2.473), bilaterality (HR, 2.530), or TTD (HR for >3 cm, 5.359; HR for 2−3 cm, 3.584) could be an independent predictor of recurrence. However, models using the number of tumor foci, bilaterality, and TTD did not show better overall predictability of recurrence than models based on multifocality. In conclusion, a simpler prediction model based on multifocality may be sufficient.
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Kim H, Kwon H, Moon BI. Predictors of Recurrence in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Does Male Sex Matter? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081896. [PMID: 35454803 PMCID: PMC9030936 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Male patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) usually have aggressive clinicopathological features, including large tumor size and lymph node metastasis; however, it is unclear whether male sex increases the risk of recurrence. Here, we evaluated the effect of sex on disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with PTC. Between 2009 and 2016, 1252 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy for PTC were enrolled; 157 (12.5%) were male and 1095 (87.5%) were female. With a mean follow-up of 6.6 years, five-year DFS rates were comparable between male and female patients (94.9% vs. 96.9%; p = 0.616) after adjusting for potential confounders. Multivariate Cox regression analysis also demonstrated that male sex was not an independent risk factor for recurrence (HR 1.982, 95% CI 0.831−4.726). Subgroup analyses further indicated that both male and female sex—in terms of their associations with five-year DFS—were comparable with other variables, including age < 55 years (94.5% vs. 97.3%; p = 0.520) and tumor size > 1 cm (91.9% vs. 97.0%; p = 0.243). In conclusion, male sex was not associated with the risk of recurrence in patients with PTC. Male patients do not always require aggressive treatment and follow-up approaches.
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An J, Kwon H, Lim W, Moon BI. Staphylococcus aureus-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Enhance the Efficacy of Endocrine Therapy in Breast Cancer Cells. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11072030. [PMID: 35407638 PMCID: PMC9000115 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11072030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiome involved in the human estrogen metabolism is known as the estrobolome. This study aimed to show that the estrobolome can be used in breast cancer treatment. We first analyzed the blood microbiome composition of healthy controls and patients with breast cancer. In particular, we investigated the bacteria producing β-glucuronidase and/or β-galactosidase, which are involved in estrogen metabolism in the human body. Staphylococcus species were more abundant in healthy controls than in breast cancer patients and therefore were selected for further analyses. The effect of Staphylococcus aureus on endocrine therapy was analyzed by a combination treatment with tamoxifen. Analysis of the microbiome of blood samples showed that species producing β-glucuronidase were more abundant in breast cancer patients than in healthy controls. Further experiments confirmed that the efficacy of tamoxifen increased when administered in conjugation with the extracellular vesicles (EVs) of S. aureus. Based on our results, we deduced that S. aureus EVs could potentially be used as adjuvants for breast cancer treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongshin An
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Korea; (J.A.); (H.K.); (W.L.)
- Institute of Convergence Medicine Research, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Korea
| | - Hyungju Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Korea; (J.A.); (H.K.); (W.L.)
| | - Woosung Lim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Korea; (J.A.); (H.K.); (W.L.)
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Korea; (J.A.); (H.K.); (W.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2650-5584; Fax: +82-2-2644-7984
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Kim H, Kwon H, Moon BI. Association of Multifocality With Prognosis of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021; 147:847-854. [PMID: 34410321 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2021.1976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Importance Multifocality is common in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), but it is unclear whether multifocal tumors are associated with tumor recurrence or cancer-specific survival. Objective To compare tumor recurrence rates in patients with multifocal vs unifocal PTCs. Data Sources We searched PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science Core Collection, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for pertinent studies published in English from inception to June 30, 2020. Study Selection The search strategy yielded 26 studies that compared tumor recurrence in patients with multifocal vs unifocal PTC. Data Extraction and Synthesis Data was extracted in accordance with the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guideline. Characteristics of study populations and hazard ratio (HR) of multifocality were independently extracted by 2 investigators. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was tumor recurrence and the secondary outcome was cancer-specific survival. Subgroup analysis of the primary outcome was based on primary tumor size, number of tumor foci, and patient age. Results Among 26 studies with a total of 33 976 patients, recurrence rates were significantly higher in patients with multifocal PTC than in those with unifocal PTC (pooled HR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.52-2.14). Cancer-specific survival was comparable between the groups (HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.85-1.68). In subgroup analyses, the HRs of multifocality for recurrence were associated with primary tumor size (HRs for PTC ≤1 cm and >1 cm were 1.81 and 1.90, respectively), number of tumor foci (HRs for 2 foci and ≥3 foci were 1.45 and 1.95, respectively), and patient age (HRs for pediatric and adult patients were 3.19 and 1.89, respectively). Conclusions and Relevance This systematic review with meta-analysis found that multifocality was significantly associated with an increased risk of recurrence in patients with PTC, while cancer-specific survival showed no difference. Differences in tumor size, number of tumor foci, and patient age should be considered when interpreting the multifocality and the risk of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonkyeong Kim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungju Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Woo J, Kim JB, Cho T, Yoo EH, Moon BI, Kwon H, Lim W. Selenium inhibits growth of trastuzumab-resistant human breast cancer cells via downregulation of Akt and beclin-1. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257298. [PMID: 34525121 PMCID: PMC8443054 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The response rate to treatment with trastuzumab (Tz), a recombinant humanized anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody, is only 12–34% despite demonstrated effectiveness on improving the survival of patients with HER2-positive breast cancers. Selenium has an antitumor effect against cancer cells and can play a cytoprotective role on normal cells. This study investigated the effect of selenium on HER2-positive breast cancer cells and the mechanism in relation to the response of the cells to Tz. HER2-positive breast cancer cell lines, SK-BR-3 as trastuzumab-sensitive cells, and JIMT-1 as Tz-resistant cells were treated with Tz and sodium selenite (selenite). Cell survival rates and expression of Her2, Akt, and autophagy-related proteins, including LC3B and beclin 1, in both cell lines 72 h after treatment were evaluated. Significant cell death was induced at different concentrations of selenite in both cell lines. A combined effect of selenite and Tz at 72 h was similar to or significantly greater than each drug alone. The expression of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) was decreased in JIMT-1 after combination treatment compared to that after only Tz treatment, while p-Akt expression was increased in SK-BR-3. The expression of beclin1 increased particularly in JIMT-1 after only Tz treatment and was downregulated by combination treatment. These results showed that combination of Tz and selenite had an antitumor effect in Tz-resistant breast cancer cells through downregulation of phosphorylated Akt and beclin1-related autophagy. Selenite might be a potent drug to treat Tz-resistant breast cancer by several mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joohyun Woo
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Bin Kim
- Ewha Institute of Convergence Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Taeeun Cho
- Ewha Institute of Convergence Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Hye Yoo
- Ewha Institute of Convergence Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyungju Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woosung Lim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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An J, Kwon H, Lim W, Moon BI, Paik NS. The Comparison of Breast Reconstruction Using Two Types of Acellular Dermal Matrix after Breast-Conserving Surgery. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10153430. [PMID: 34362213 PMCID: PMC8347910 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast reconstruction during breast-conserving surgery (BCS) can improve the breast shape. This study introduces breast reconstruction in BCS with two types of acellular dermal matrix (ADM). The study included 134 patients who underwent BCS due to breast cancer from February 2018 to May 2021. This study was conducted by one surgeon, and is the result of a three-year study. The patient group who underwent BCS using ADM was mainly targeted at patients with minor to severe defects after the operation. The average age of the patients was 51.8 years, and the body mass index (BMI) was 23.8 kg/m. The specimen weight was 30–120 g. The average surgical time, including reconstruction, was 100.4 min, combined with reconstruction. There were minor complications in six patients. The advantage of using ADM is that it can quickly correct the shape of the breast after conventional BCS surgery. Pellet-type ADM, rather than sheet-type, can create a breast shape similar to that before surgery. Breast reconstruction using ADM can be an easy and convenient method for making a better shape from BCS.
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An J, Kim JB, Yang EY, Kim HO, Lee WH, Yang J, Kwon H, Paik NS, Lim W, Kim YK, Moon BI. Bacterial extracellular vesicles affect endocrine therapy in MCF7 cells. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25835. [PMID: 33950995 PMCID: PMC8104188 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND : The microbiome is important in the development and progression of breast cancer. This study investigated the effects of microbiome derived from Klebsiella on endocrine therapy of breast cancer using MCF7 cells. The bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) that affect endocrine therapy were established through experiments focused on tamoxifen efficacy. METHODS : The microbiomes of breast cancer patients and healthy controls were analyzed using next-generation sequencing. Among microbiome, Klebsiella was selected as the experimental material for the effect on endocrine therapy in MCF7 cells. MCF7 cells were incubated with tamoxifen in the absence/presence of bacterial EVs derived from Klebsiella pneumoniae and analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. RESULTS : Microbiome derived from Klebsiella is abundant in breast cancer patients especially luminal A subtype compared to healthy controls. The addition of EVs derived from K pneumoniae enhances the anti-hormonal effects of tamoxifen in MCF7 cells. The increased efficacy of tamoxifen is mediated via Cyclin E2 and p-ERK. CONCLUSION : Based on experiments, the EVs derived from K pneumoniae are important in hormone therapy on MCF7 cells. This result provides new insight into breast cancer mechanisms and hormone therapy using Klebsiella found in the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongshin An
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu
| | - Jong Bin Kim
- Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu
| | - Eun Yeol Yang
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu
| | - Hye Ok Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu
| | - Won-Hee Lee
- MD Healthcare, Room 1303, Woori Technology Inc. building, Sangam-dong, World Cup Buk-ro 56-gil, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Yang
- MD Healthcare, Room 1303, Woori Technology Inc. building, Sangam-dong, World Cup Buk-ro 56-gil, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungju Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu
| | - Nam Sun Paik
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu
| | - Woosung Lim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu
| | - Yoon-Keun Kim
- MD Healthcare, Room 1303, Woori Technology Inc. building, Sangam-dong, World Cup Buk-ro 56-gil, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu
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Kwon H, Moon BI. Prognosis of papillary thyroid cancer in patients with Graves' disease: a propensity score-matched analysis. World J Surg Oncol 2020; 18:266. [PMID: 33050937 PMCID: PMC7557089 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-020-02044-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with Graves’ disease (GD) are at a 2.5 times higher risk of developing thyroid cancer than the general population. Previous studies reported conflicting results about the prognosis of thyroid cancer concomitant with GD. This study aimed to investigate the effect of GD to the recurrence rates of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods We reviewed 3628 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy for PTC at the Ewha Womans University Medical Center from January 2006 to June 2014. Of those, 114 patients had non-occult PTC with concomitant GD. To reduce potential confounding effects and selection bias, we conducted 1:5 propensity score matching and analyzed the recurrence-free survival. Results Thyroid cancer in patients with GD showed lower rate of lymphatic invasion (1.8% vs. 6.7%; p = 0.037), microscopic resection margin involvement (0.9% vs. 5.8%; p = 0.024), and lymph node metastasis (29.8% vs. 37.3%; p = 0.001) than in patients without GD, respectively. During the median follow-up of 94.1 months, recurrence occurred in one patient (0.9%) with GD. After propensity score matching for adjusting clinicopathological features, 5-year recurrence-free survival was comparable between patients with GD and euthyroid patients (100% vs. 98.4%, p = 0.572). Both tumor size [hazard ratio (HR) 1.585, p < 0.001] and lymph node metastasis (HR for N1a 3.067, p = 0.024; HR for N1b 15.65, p < 0.001) were predictive factors for recurrence-free survival, while GD was not associated with the recurrence. Conclusions Our data suggest that GD does not affect the prognosis of PTC. Thyroid cancer in patients with GD is not more aggressive than in euthyroid patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungju Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul, 07985, South Korea.
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul, 07985, South Korea
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Choi JW, Jeong KH, You JW, Lee JW, Moon BI, Kim HJ, Kim HJ. Serum Levels and Glycosylation Changes of Alpha-1-Acid Glycoprotein According to Severity of Breast Cancer in Korean Women. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:1297-1304. [PMID: 32627751 PMCID: PMC9728234 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2006.06007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Elevated serum levels of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) are known to be associated with several types of cancer. In addition, some reports have indicated that changes in glycosylation of AGP are associated with cancer progression. However, changes in AGP levels of serum and changes in glycosylation of AGPs in breast cancer have not been specifically studied. In the present study, serum AGP levels in benign (BN) cancer and breast cancer stage I (BC I), BC IIA, BC IIB, and BC III in Korean women were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). AGP was purified from individual sera by hot phenol extraction and then subjected to AGP glycosylation analysis. Three types of AGP glycosylation (fucosylation, high-mannose-type and sialylation) were detected using enzyme-linked lectin assays (ELLAs). Serum AGP levels were higher in BC I, BC IIA, BC IIB, and BC III, than in the BN group, and the level in BC I and BC IIA was high enough to be distinguished from BN. Meanwhile, terminal fucosylation and high-mannose-type glycans appeared to be lowest in BC I. The glycosylation levels of BC I provide sensitivity and specificity that make BC I clearly distinguishable from BC IIA, BC IIB, and BC III as well as BN. Therefore, determination of serum AGP or AGP glycosylation level could be useful for detecting the early stages of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Woong Choi
- Laboratory of Virology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Ho Jeong
- Laboratory of Virology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won You
- Laboratory of Virology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Woo Lee
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University Cancer Center for Women, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University Cancer Center for Women, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Virology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Virology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-2-820-5613 Fax: +82 2 816 7338 E-mail:
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Park MH, Lee SJ, Noh WC, Jeon CW, Lee SW, Son GS, Moon BI, Lee JS, Kang SS, Suh YJ, Gwak G, Kim TH, Yoo YB, Kim HA, Kim MY, Kim JY, Jeong J. A nationwide, multicenter retrospective study on the effectiveness and safety of eribulin in Korean breast cancer patients (REMARK). Breast 2020; 54:121-126. [PMID: 32980648 PMCID: PMC7519365 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Approval of eribulin for metastatic breast cancer was based on data primarily from Western patients, and there is a paucity of data on the effectiveness and safety of eribulin for Asian patients. To determine the effectiveness and safety of eribulin in Korean women with breast cancer in a real-world setting, we conducted a nationwide, multicenter, retrospective study. Methods Patients with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer who were treated with eribulin in 14 centers throughout Korea were included in this study. Eribulin was generally administered at a dose of 1.23 mg/m2 (equivalent to 1.4 mg/m2 eribulin mesylate) by intravenous infusion for 2–5 min, or as a diluted solution, on Days 1 and 8 of every 21-day cycle. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 6 months. Secondary endpoints included median PFS, overall survival (OS), time-to-treatment failure (TTF), tumor response rate, and incidence of hematologic treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). Results The safety and full analysis populations included 398 and 360 (38 had no efficacy data) patients, respectively. The PFS rate at 6 months was 37.8%. Median PFS, OS, and TTF were 134, 631, and 120 days, respectively. Objective response rate, clinical benefit rate, and disease control rate were 18.1%, 50.6%, and 49.4%, respectively. Hematologic TEAEs were reported in 65.1% of patients; neutropenia (56.8%) and anemia (11.3%) were most common. Conclusion Real-world effectiveness and safety of eribulin in Korean breast cancer patients were consistent with previous reports; no new safety concerns were identified. Metastatic breast cancer patients were treated with eribulin (1.23 mg/m2, IV). Progression-free survival rate at 6 months was 37.8% in eribulin-treated patients. Median progression-free and overall survivals were 134 and 631 days, respectively. Hematologic treatment-emergent adverse events were reported in 65.1% of patients. Effectiveness and safety of eribulin were consistent with previous reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ho Park
- Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Woo Chul Noh
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang Wan Jeon
- Department of Surgery, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seok Won Lee
- Department of Surgery, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Gil Soo Son
- Department of Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Women's University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Sun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sung Soo Kang
- Department of Surgery, CHA University Ilsan Medical Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Young Jin Suh
- Department of Surgery, Catholic University of Korea, St. Vincent's Hospital, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Geumhee Gwak
- Department of Surgery, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Young Bum Yoo
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Ah Kim
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Young Kim
- Medical Department, Eisai Korea Inc., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju Yeon Kim
- Medical Department, Eisai Korea Inc., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joon Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Kim JB, Yang EY, Woo J, Kwon H, Lim W, Moon BI. Sodium Selenite Enhanced the Anti-proliferative Effect of MEK-ERK Inhibitor in Thyroid Cancer Cells. In Vivo 2020; 34:185-190. [PMID: 31882478 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM MEK-ERK pathway plays major roles in the progression of thyroid cancer, while the use of MEK-ERK inhibitors has been limited by its toxicity. We investigated the effect of sodium selenite as an adjunct for MEK-ERK inhibitors to avoid the toxicity of ERK inhibitors. MATERIALS AND METHODS TPC1, 8505C and HTori-3 cells were treated with U0126 (MEK-ERK inhibitor) and cell viability was counted in the Neubauer chamber. The synergistic effects of sodium selenite and U0126 were also measured. The expression of ERK, p-ERK, and p90RSK was determined by western blot. RESULTS Treatment with U0126 inhibited proliferation of TPC1 and 8505C cells in a dose-dependent manner. When 5 μM sodium selenite was added to 1 μM U0126, relative cell survival further decreased. Decreased expression of p90RSK indicated that sodium selenite down-regulated ERK signaling in thyroid cancer cells. CONCLUSION The combination of U0126 and sodium selenite inhibited proliferation of thyroid cancer cells through ERK inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Bin Kim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeol Yang
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohyun Woo
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungju Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woosung Lim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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An J, Kim JB, Yang EY, Yang J, Lee WH, Kim H, Lee JW, Woo J, Kwon H, Lim W, Paik NS, Kim YK, Moon BI. Abstract P4-04-06: Urine microbiome and breast cancer: The relationship with hormone therapies. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs19-p4-04-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: The microbiota is known to be involved in the development and progression of breast cancer, although few experiments have been conducted to determine which species in the microbiota are involved in the disease. We have examined the effects of symbiotic bacteria in breast cancer under hormone therapy and have identified bacteria that affect anti-hormonal therapy focusing on the estrogen receptor. The intestinal symbiotic bacteria secrete bacterial extracellular vesicles to the blood, lymphatic fluid, and communicate with distant organs through these vesicles which are including metabolites and bacterial materials. After circulation of the body, all the extracellular vesicles are collected to urine. Therefore, we analyzed the microbiome of breast cancer patients and normal controls through urine samples.
Materials and Methods: A total of 347 urine samples from females (127 breast cancer patients and 220 normal individuals) were collected from September 2014 to August 2015, at Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital and Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital. These samples analyzed by NGS using a universal bacterial primer of 16S rDNA. A t-test and Kaplan-Meier analysis were performed to find out the discrepancy between cancer and control groups. Cell experiments confirmed the effect of bacterial EVs on breast cancer cells.
Results: We have found that there is a significant difference in the number of microorganisms between breast cancer patients and healthy controls. Among the microorganisms in breast cancer patients, a certain bacteria was found to be abundant in luminal A subtype tumors: Klebsiella. We selected Klebsiella pneumoniae for subsequent experiments. Over a mean 5-year follow-up period, The Klebsiella-abundant and -lacking groups included 50 and 48 patients, respectively, and the disease-free survival outcome of breast cancer patients was determined in both groups. Extracellular vesicles derived from Klebsiella showed anti-hormonal effects in MCF7 cells during treatment with tamoxifen. K. pneumoniae EVs doubled the efficacy of tamoxifen. K. pneumoniae EVs co-treated with tamoxifen down-regulated cyclin E2, which in turn decreased the expression of p21. Moreover, in this process, the ERK pathway appears to be involved.
Conclusions: Based on clinical data and in vitro experiments with cell lines, we conclude that symbiotic microorganisms affect hormone therapy for breast cancer. These findings provide new horizons for breast cancer mechanisms and hormone therapy.
Citation Format: Jeongshin An, Jong Bin Kim, Eun Yeol Yang, Jinho Yang, Won-Hee Lee, Hyungoo Kim, Jun Woo Lee, Joohyun Woo, Hyungju Kwon, Woosung Lim, Nam Sun Paik, Yoon-Keun Kim, Byung-In Moon. Urine microbiome and breast cancer: The relationship with hormone therapies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-04-06.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongshin An
- 1Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jong Bin Kim
- 1Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Eun Yeol Yang
- 1Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jinho Yang
- 2MD Healthcare Company, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Won-Hee Lee
- 2MD Healthcare Company, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Hyungoo Kim
- 1Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jun Woo Lee
- 1Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Joohyun Woo
- 1Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Hyungju Kwon
- 1Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Woosung Lim
- 1Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Nam Sun Paik
- 1Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | | | - Byung-In Moon
- 1Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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An J, Yang J, Lee WH, Kim JB, Yang YY, Kim JK, Kim H, Paek SH, Lee JW, Woo J, Kwon H, Lim W, Paik NS, Kim YK, Moon BI. Diagnostic Kit of breast cancer via urine microbiome. Eur J Surg Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2019.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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An J, Yoo Y, Kim HG, Woo J, Lee KE, Kwon H, Lim W, Sung SH, Paik NS, Moon BI. Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Subtype Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Recurring as Basal-Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Subtype Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Breast Cancer 2019; 22:484-490. [PMID: 31598347 PMCID: PMC6769391 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2019.22.e31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma of the breast and its subtype, basal-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) phenotype, are very rare. Herein, we report a patient who developed recurrence of squamous cell carcinoma of the breast with basal-HER2 subtype 6 years after the initial diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma of the HER2 subtype. To the best of our knowledge, recurrence of invasive ductal carcinoma in the form of metaplastic squamous cell carcinoma of basal-HER2 subtype has not been reported previously. We present a pathological perspective of our experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongshin An
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngeun Yoo
- Department of Pathology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Goo Kim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joohyun Woo
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung Eun Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Ewha Woman's University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyungju Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woosung Lim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Hee Sung
- Department of Pathology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Sun Paik
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim HA, Lee JW, Nam SJ, Park BW, Im SA, Lee ES, Jung YS, Yoon JH, Kang SS, Lee SJ, Park KH, Jeong J, Cho SH, Kim SY, Kim LS, Moon BI, Lee MH, Kim TH, Park C, Jung SH, Gwak G, Kim J, Kang SH, Jin YW, Kim HJ, Han SH, Han W, Hur MH, Noh WC. Adding Ovarian Suppression to Tamoxifen for Premenopausal Breast Cancer: A Randomized Phase III Trial. J Clin Oncol 2019; 38:434-443. [PMID: 31518174 DOI: 10.1200/jco.19.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The addition of ovarian function suppression (OFS) for 5 years to tamoxifen (TAM) for treatment of premenopausal patients with breast cancer after completion of chemotherapy has beneficial effects on disease-free survival (DFS). This study evaluated the efficacy of adding 2 years of OFS to TAM in patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer who remain in a premenopausal state or resume ovarian function after chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS We enrolled 1,483 premenopausal women (age ≤ 45 years) with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer treated with definitive surgery after completing adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Ovarian function was assessed every 6 months for 2 years since enrollment on the basis of follicular-stimulating hormone levels and vaginal bleeding history. If ovarian function was confirmed to be premenopausal at each visit, the patient was randomly assigned to complete 5 years of TAM alone (TAM-only) group or 5 years of TAM with OFS for 2 years that involved monthly goserelin administration (TAM + OFS) group. DFS was defined from the time of enrollment to the time of the first event. RESULTS A total of 1,293 patients were randomly assigned, and 1,282 patients were eligible for analysis. The estimated 5-year DFS rate was 91.1% in the TAM + OFS group and 87.5% in the TAM-only group (hazard ratio, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.97; P = .033). The estimated 5-year overall survival rate was 99.4% in the TAM + OFS group and 97.8% in the TAM-only group (hazard ratio, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.10 to 0.94; P = .029). CONCLUSION The addition of 2 years of OFS to TAM significantly improved DFS compared with TAM alone in patients who remained premenopausal or resumed ovarian function after chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ah Kim
- Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Seok Jin Nam
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Woo Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seock-Ah Im
- Seoul National University Hospital Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sook Lee
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jung Han Yoon
- Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Kang
- Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jung Lee
- Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Hwa Park
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Jeong
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic or Korea
| | - Se-Heon Cho
- Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yong Kim
- Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Lee Su Kim
- Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Ewha Woman's University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hyuk Lee
- Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Kim
- Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanheun Park
- Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hoo Jung
- Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Geumhee Gwak
- Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeryong Kim
- Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hee Kang
- Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Woo Jin
- Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Wonshik Han
- Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Woo Chul Noh
- Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee JW, Kim JK, Kwon H, Lim W, Moon BI, Paik NS. Routine low-dose calcium supplementation after thyroidectomy does not reduce the rate of symptomatic hypocalcemia: a prospective randomized trial. Ann Surg Treat Res 2019; 96:177-184. [PMID: 30941321 PMCID: PMC6444042 DOI: 10.4174/astr.2019.96.4.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Routine supplementation of high-dose calcium significantly decreased the risk of postoperative symptomatic hypocalcemia after thyroidectomy. However, there is an ongoing debate about whether the same results can be achieved with low-dose calcium supplementation. Methods Patients (n = 138) who underwent total thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer were 1:1 randomly assigned to receive oral supplements of 1,500 mg/day elemental calcium and 1,000 IU/day cholecalciferol for 2 weeks or no supplementation. Primary objective was to compare the incidence of symptomatic hypocalcemia for 3 days after total thyroidectomy. Secondary objective was to find the predictors for postoperative hypocalcemia in patients with thyroid cancer. Results Sixty-five patients in the calcium group and 69 patients in the control group were finally analyzed. The incidence of symptomatic hypocalcemia showed no difference between the calcium and control group (32.3% vs. 21.7%, P = 0.168). The total dosage of intravenous calcium (593.4 ± 267.1 mg vs. 731.6 ± 622.7 mg, P = 0.430) administered to patients with symptomatic hypocalcemia was also comparable between groups. In a multivariate analysis, parathyroid hormone level of 13 pg/mL at postoperative day 1 was only predictive for symptomatic hypocalcemia, and its incidence was 20.9 times (95% confidence interval, 6.8-64.5) higher in patients with parathyroid hormone <13 pg/mL. Other factors did not predict the development of hypocalcemia, including clinicopathological features and routine supplementation of low-dose calcium. Conclusion Routine low-dose calcium supplementation did not reduce the risk of postoperative hypocalcemia. Patients who may benefit from calcium supplementation should be carefully selected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Woo Lee
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University Cancer Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Kyu Kim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University Cancer Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyungju Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University Cancer Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woosung Lim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University Cancer Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University Cancer Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Sun Paik
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University Cancer Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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22
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Kim H, Kwon H, Lim W, Moon BI, Paik NS. Quantitative Assessment of the Learning Curve for Robotic Thyroid Surgery. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8030402. [PMID: 30909509 PMCID: PMC6463185 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8030402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increased utilization of robot thyroidectomy in recent years, surgical proficiency is the paramount consideration. However, there is no single perfect or ideal method for measuring surgical proficiency. In this study, we evaluated the learning curve of robotic thyroidectomy using various parameters. A total of 172 robotic total thyroidectomies were performed by a single surgeon between March 2014 and February 2018. Cumulative summation analysis revealed that it took 50 cases for the surgeon to significantly improve the operation time. Mean operation time was significantly shorter in the group that included the 51st to the 172nd case, than in the group that included only the first 50 cases (132.8 ± 27.7 min vs. 166.9 ± 29.5 min; p < 0.001). On the other hand, the surgeon was competent after the 75th case when postoperative transient hypoparathyroidism was used as the outcome measure. The incidence of hypoparathyroidism gradually decreased from 52.0%, for the first 75 cases, to 40.2% after the 76th case. These results indicated that the criteria used to assess proficiency greatly influenced the interpretation of the learning curve. Incorporation of the operation time, complications, and oncologic outcomes should be considered in learning curve assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- HyunGoo Kim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul 07985, Korea.
| | - Hyungju Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul 07985, Korea.
| | - Woosung Lim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul 07985, Korea.
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul 07985, Korea.
| | - Nam Sun Paik
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul 07985, Korea.
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23
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Paek SH, Kim HG, Lee JW, Woo J, Kwon H, Kim JB, Lim W, Kim JR, Moon BI, Paik NS. Circulating Plasmacytoid and Myeloid Dendritic Cells in Breast Cancer Patients: A Pilot Study. J Breast Cancer 2019; 22:29-37. [PMID: 30941231 PMCID: PMC6438830 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2019.22.e15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Dendritic cells (DC) are a class of bone marrow-derived cells found in the blood, epithelia, and lymphoid tissues, and are the most efficient antigen presenting cells. The number and function of DC can change dramatically in cancer patients. The aim of this study is to correlate the levels of circulating DC subsets with clinical characteristics in breast cancer patients. Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from 53 untreated breast cancer patients before surgery between January 2013 and November 2013. Forty-one healthy, age-matched volunteers served as the control group. The phenotypes of circulating plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) and myeloid DCs (mDCs) were determined using fluorescence activated cell sorting assays. Correlations between DCs immunophenotypes and clinicopathologic characteristics of these breast cancer patients were then determined. Results Patients with breast cancer had higher levels of pDCs (p = 0.046). No relationships were observed with tumor stage and intrinsic subtype. Estrogen receptor (ER) positive patients had higher levels of mDCs than ER negative patients (p = 0.025) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) positive patients had higher levels of pDCs than HER-2 (p = 0.040). No relationships were observed with T stage, N stage, Ki67 index, histologic grade, nuclear grade, and lymphovascular invasion. In multiple regression analysis, patients with HER-2 positive breast cancer had higher levels of pDCs than HER-2 negative patients (p = 0.026). Conclusion An increase of pDCs in the peripheral blood of breast cancer patients was observed and patients with HER-2 positive breast cancer had higher levels of circulating pDCs than did HER-2 negative patients. Our results suggest that expression of DCs can differ according to breast cancer subtype and indicate that, with further investigation, DC expression has the possibility of being presented as a prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hyun Paek
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Goo Kim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Woo Lee
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joohyun Woo
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyungju Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Bin Kim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woosung Lim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Je Ryong Kim
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam-Sun Paik
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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24
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Berry S, Giraldo N, Nguyen P, Green B, Xu H, Ogurtsova A, Soni A, Succaria F, Wang D, Roberts C, Stein J, Engle E, Pardoll D, Anders R, Cottrell T, Taube JM, Tran B, Voskoboynik M, Kuo J, Bang YL, Chung HC, Ahn MJ, Kim SW, Perera A, Freeman D, Achour I, Faggioni R, Xiao F, Ferte C, Lemech C, Meric-Bernstam F, Werner T, Hodi S, Messersmith W, Lewis N, Talluto C, Dostalek M, Tao A, McWhirter S, Trujillo D, Luke J, Xu C, BoMarelli, Qi J, Qin G, Yu H, Jenkins M, Lo KM, Halle JP, Lan Y, Taylor M, Vogelzang N, Cohn A, Stepan D, Shumaker R, Dutcus C, Guo M, Schmidt E, Rasco D, Brose M, Vogelzang N, Di Simone C, Jain S, Richards D, Encarnacion C, Rasco D, Shumaker R, Dutcus C, Stepan D, Guo M, Schmidt E, Taylor M, Vogelzang N, Encarnacion C, Cohn A, Di Simone C, Rasco D, Richards D, Taylor M, Dutcus C, Stepan D, Shumaker R, Guo M, Schmidt E, Mier J, An J, Yang YY, Lee WH, Yang J, Kim JK, Kim HG, Paek SH, Lee JW, Woo J, Kim JB, Kwon H, Lim W, Paik NS, Kim YK, Moon BI, Janku F, Tan D, Martin-Liberal J, Takahashi S, Geva R, Gucalp A, Chen X, Subramanian K, Mataraza J, Wheler J, Bedard P. Correction to: 33rd Annual Meeting & Pre-Conference Programs of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC 2018). J Immunother Cancer 2019; 7:46. [PMID: 30760319 PMCID: PMC6373015 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-019-0519-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Berry
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Nicolas Giraldo
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter Nguyen
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Benjamin Green
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Haiying Xu
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Abha Soni
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Farah Succaria
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daphne Wang
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Charles Roberts
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Julie Stein
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth Engle
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Drew Pardoll
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert Anders
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tricia Cottrell
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Janis M Taube
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ben Tran
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - James Kuo
- Scientia Clinical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yung-Lue Bang
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Hyun-Cheo Chung
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Myung-Ju Ahn
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Sang-We Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Songpa-Gu, Korea, Republic of
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nancy Lewis
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - Craig Talluto
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Resea, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mirek Dostalek
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - Aiyang Tao
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | | | | | - Jason Luke
- The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chunxiao Xu
- EMD Serono Research and Development, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - BoMarelli
- EMD Serono Research and Development, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Jin Qi
- EMD Serono Research and Development, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Guozhong Qin
- EMD Serono Research and Development, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Huakui Yu
- EMD Serono Research and Development, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Molly Jenkins
- EMD Serono Research and Development, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Kin-Ming Lo
- EMD Serono Research and Development, Belmont, MA, USA
| | | | - Yan Lan
- EMD Serono Research and Development, Belmont, MA, USA.
| | - Matthew Taylor
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
| | | | - Allen Cohn
- McKesson Specialty Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Drew Rasco
- South Texas Accelerated Research Therape, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Marcia Brose
- Abramson Cancer Center of the University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | | | | | - Sharad Jain
- McKesson Specialty Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | | | | | - Drew Rasco
- South Texas Accelerated Research Therape, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Allen Cohn
- McKesson Specialty Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | | | - Drew Rasco
- South Texas Accelerated Research Therape, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - James Mier
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeongshin An
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of.
| | | | - Won-Hee Lee
- MD healthcare company, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jinho Yang
- MD healthcare company, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jong-Kyu Kim
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Hyun Goo Kim
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Se Hyun Paek
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jun Woo Lee
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Joohyun Woo
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jong Bin Kim
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Hyungju Kwon
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Woosung Lim
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Nam Sun Paik
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | | | | | - Filip Janku
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - David Tan
- National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Ravit Geva
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ayca Gucalp
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xueying Chen
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | | | | | - Jennifer Wheler
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Resea, Cambridge, MA, USA
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25
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Kwon H, Kim JK, Lim W, Moon BI, Paik NS. Increased risk of postoperative complications after total thyroidectomy with Graves' disease. Head Neck 2018; 41:281-285. [PMID: 30537006 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of Graves' disease on the risk of postoperative complications in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy is unclear. METHODS The incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury and hypoparathyroidism were analyzed between 165 patients with Graves' disease (GD group) and 1:1 matched patients with euthyroid states (control group). RESULTS The matched cohorts did not differ in age, sex, body mass index, pathologic diagnosis, and extent of operation. Excised thyroid weight was higher in the Graves' disease than in the control group (60.1 g vs 22.6 g; P < .001). Multivariate analysis showed that Graves' disease significantly increased risks of transient RLN injury (odds ratio [OR] = 4.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.5-15.5; P = .010) and transient hypoparathyroidism (OR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.3-5.8; P = .007). Rates of permanent complications were comparable in the Graves' disease and control groups. CONCLUSIONS Graves' disease can be a predictive factor for postoperative RLN injury and hypoparathyroidism after total thyroidectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungju Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Kyu Kim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woosung Lim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nam Sun Paik
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
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26
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Lim ST, Park CH, Kim SY, Nam SJ, Kang EY, Moon BI, Lee HJ, Jeon YW, Gwak H, Suh YJ. The effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on survival in Korean patients with node negative T1c, triple negative breast cancer. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197523. [PMID: 29768496 PMCID: PMC5955535 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The present study investigated the prognostic role of adjuvant systemic chemotherapy in patients with node negative, T1c triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) from a nationwide cohort. In addition, the prognostic effect between 3 different chemotherapy regimens were compared in node-negative T1c TNBC patients by subgroup analysis. Methods From the Korean breast cancer registry database, 1,151 T1c node negative TNBC patients were included in this study. Patients were categorized into four treatment groups according to chemotherapy regimen: (1) no chemotherapy, (2) adriamycin plus cyclophosphamide (AC), (3) adriamycin/epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide plus 5-FU (FAC/FEC), and (4) cyclophosphamide plus 5-FU plus methotrexate (CMF). Overall survival (OS) was evaluated between each patient group. Results Of the 1,151 T1c node negative TNBC patients, 1,006 received adjuvant chemotherapy, while 145 received no chemotherapy. Among the patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy the distribution of regimens was: 586 AC, 168 FAC/FEC (126 FAC, 42 FEC), and 252 CMF. The mean follow-up time of the full study cohort was 87.98 ± 33.56 months (range = 6–192 months). Patients in the no chemotherapy group showed significantly worse OS compared to each chemotherapy regimen group. However, when OS was compared between each chemotherapy regimen, no significant difference was found. Conclusions This study showed that adjuvant systemic chemotherapy improved OS in T1c node negative TNBC patients, regardless of chemotherapy between AC, FAC/FEC, and CMF regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Taek Lim
- Department of Surgery, Division of Breast & Thyroid Surgical Oncology, College of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Heun Park
- Department of Surgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yong Kim
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Seok Jin Nam
- Department of Surgery, Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Young Kang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyouk Jin Lee
- Department of Surgery, Saegyaero Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Won Jeon
- Department of Surgery, Division of Breast & Thyroid Surgical Oncology, College of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongki Gwak
- Department of Surgery, Division of Breast & Thyroid Surgical Oncology, College of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Suh
- Department of Surgery, Division of Breast & Thyroid Surgical Oncology, College of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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27
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Choi JW, Moon BI, Lee JW, Kim HJ, Jin Y, Kim HJ. Use of CA15‑3 for screening breast cancer: An antibody‑lectin sandwich assay for detecting glycosylation of CA15‑3 in sera. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:145-154. [PMID: 29749490 PMCID: PMC6059737 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated serum CA15-3 assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been considered a diagnostic marker of breast cancer. However, accumulating data indicate that the current ELISA system for detecting CA15-3, which targets the peptide backbone of CA15-3, is not sufficiently sensitive to detect early or localized breast cancer. In the present study, we designed an antibody-lectin sandwich assay detecting glycosylation of CA15-3 in patients with breast cancer. Immobilized anti-CA15-3 monoclonal antibody captures CA15-3 in serum, and glycosylation of the CA15-3 is detected with Concanavalin A (ConA) lectin, which preferentially bind high-mannose N-glycans. ConA provided the best signal for detecting serum CA15-3 among 9 types of lectin, Since CA15-3 is a heavily glycosylated protein, detecting the glycosylation of CA15-3 should be a much more sensitive way to assess CA15-3 than the current ELISA method. Linear responses were obtained in the anti-CA15-3 antibody-ConA sandwich assay when sera were diluted up to 2000-fold. This dilution factor is comparable with that of the current ELISA system which allows 50- to 100-fold serum dilutions. The glycosylation level of CA15-3 was found to increase with increasing breast cancer stage in the sandwich assay. The assay system appeared to efficiently discriminate breast cancer stage I (sensitivity: 63%, specificity: 69%), IIA (sensitivity: 77%, specificity: 75%), IIB (sensitivity: 69%, specificity: 86%) and III (sensitivity: 80%, specificity: 65%) from benign breast disease. The antibody-lectin sandwich assay shows promise as a new prospect for the early detection of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Woong Choi
- Laboratory of Virology, College of Pharmacy, Chung‑Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University Cancer Center for Women, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Woo Lee
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University Cancer Center for Women, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Virology, College of Pharmacy, Chung‑Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Yingji Jin
- Laboratory of Virology, College of Pharmacy, Chung‑Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Virology, College of Pharmacy, Chung‑Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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28
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Kwon H, Lee JH, Woo J, Lim W, Moon BI, Paik NS. Efficacy of a clinical pathway for patients with thyroid cancer. Head Neck 2018; 40:1909-1916. [PMID: 29637689 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical pathways have been proposed as a way to improve organizational efficiency and maximize patient outcomes. However, little is known as to whether a clinical pathway is effective for thyroid cancer. METHODS The study subjects included 216 patients who were managed after clinical pathway implementation and 145 control patients. Length of stay, cost per patient, and nurses' satisfaction were compared in the 2 groups. RESULTS Mean length of stay was 0.8 days shorter in the clinical pathway group than in the control group (2.9 vs 3.7 days; P = .023). Cost per patient was also lower in the clinical pathway than in the control group (USD $3953.00 vs USD $4636.00; P < .001). Nurses' overall satisfaction scores improved from 71.6% before to 82.5% after implementation of the clinical pathway and their job characteristics scores increased from 61.1% to 75.0%. CONCLUSION Implementation of a clinical pathway for thyroid cancer can improve nurses' satisfaction with reduction of hospital stay and costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungju Kwon
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon-Hyop Lee
- Thyroid and Endocrine Surgery Section, Department of Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Joohyun Woo
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woosung Lim
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Sun Paik
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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29
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Park B, Hopper JL, Win AK, Dowty JG, Sung HK, Ahn C, Kim SW, Lee MH, Lee J, Lee JW, Kang E, Yu JH, Kim KS, Moon BI, Han W, Noh DY, Park SK. Reproductive factors as risk modifiers of breast cancer in BRCA mutation carriers and high-risk non-carriers. Oncotarget 2017; 8:102110-102118. [PMID: 29254229 PMCID: PMC5731939 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to identify the role of reproductive factors as environmental modifiers for breast cancer (BC) risk in clinic-based, East-Asian BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers and non-carriers with high-risk criteria of BRCA mutations (family history (FH) of BC, early-onset BC (aged ≤40 years)). A total of 581 women who were BRCA carriers (222 BRCA1 and 359 BRCA2), 1,083 non-carriers with FH, and 886 non-carriers with early-onset BC were enrolled and interviewed to examine the reproductive factors, from 2007 to 2014. The hazard ratio (HR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) in the weighted Cox regression model were used to calculate the BC risk based on the reproductive factors. Earlier menarche increased BC risk by 3.49-fold in BRCA2 mutation carriers (95%CI=2.03-6.00) and 3.30-fold in non-carriers with FH (95%CI=1.73-6.34), but was insignificantly associated with BRCA1 carriers and non-carriers for early-onset BC (P-heterogeneity=0.047). Higher parity decreased BC risk in BRCA carriers and non-carriers with FH, especially in BRCA1 carriers (HR=0.27, 95% CI=0.09-0.83 for two parity; and HR=0.23, 95%CI=0.05-1.00 for ≥3 parity), but increased the early-onset BC risk (HR=4.63, 95%CI=2.56-8.51 for >3 parity, p-heterogeneity=0.045). Oral contraceptive (OC) use and longer estrogen exposure periods (≥30 years) were associated with an increased risk of early-onset BC (HR=3.99, 95%CI=1.65-9.67; HR=7.69, 95%CI=1.96-25.01), while OC use was not associated with BC risk in other groups and longer estrogen exposure had rather decreased risk for BC risk (both p-heterogeneity<0.001). Several reproductive factors as risk modifiers could heterogeneously be associated with BC among BRCA1/2 mutation carriers, non-carriers with FH, and early-onset BC non-carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyoung Park
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea.,National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aung K Win
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - James G Dowty
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ho Kyung Sung
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Choonghyun Ahn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Won Kim
- Department of Surgery, Daerim-Sungmo Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Hyuk Lee
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jihyoun Lee
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Won Lee
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunyoung Kang
- Department of Surgery, Breast and Endocrine Service, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - Jong-Han Yu
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ku Sang Kim
- Breast-Thyroid Center, Ulsan City Hospital, Ulsan City Hospital Group, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonshik Han
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Young Noh
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sue K Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
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Kim JY, Moon HG, Kang YJ, Han W, Noh WC, Jung Y, Moon BI, Kang E, Park SS, Lee MH, Park BY, Lee JW, Noh DY. The Effect of Reproductive Factors on Breast Cancer Presentation in Women Who Are BRCA Mutation Carrier. J Breast Cancer 2017; 20:279-285. [PMID: 28970854 PMCID: PMC5620443 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2017.20.3.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes confer increased risks for breast cancers. However, the clinical presentation of breast cancer among women who are carriers of the BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2 carriers) mutations is heterogenous. We aimed to identify the effects of the reproductive histories of women with the BRCA1/2 mutations on the clinical presentation of breast cancer. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed clinical data on women with proven BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations who were recruited to the Korean Hereditary Breast Cancer study, from 2007 to 2014. RESULTS Among the 736 women who were BRCA1/2 mutation carriers, a total of 483 women had breast cancers. Breast cancer diagnosis occurred at significantly younger ages in women who experienced menarche at ≤14 years of age, compared to those who experienced menarche at >14 years of age (37.38±7.60 and 43.30±10.11, respectively, p<0.001). Additionally, the number of full-term pregnancies was significantly associated with the age of diagnosis, especially in women with the BRCA2 mutation. The prevalence of advanced stages (stage II or III vs. stage I) of disease in parous women was higher than in nulliparous women (68.5% vs. 55.2%, p=0.043). This association was more pronounced in women with the BRCA2 mutation (hazard ratio, 2.67; p=0.014). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that reproductive factors, such as the age of onset of menarche and the presence of parity, are associated with the clinical presentation patterns of breast cancer in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Yeon Kim
- Department of Surgery, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Hyeong-Gon Moon
- Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Breast Cancer Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Joon Kang
- Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Breast Cancer Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonshik Han
- Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Breast Cancer Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo-Chul Noh
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yongsik Jung
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunyoung Kang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sung-Shin Park
- Department of Pathology, Daerim St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Hyuk Lee
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo Young Park
- Cancer Early Detection Branch, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jong Won Lee
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Young Noh
- Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Breast Cancer Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim YG, Jeon YW, Ko BK, Sohn G, Kim EK, Moon BI, Youn HJ, Kim HA. Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Pregnancy-Associated Breast Cancer: Results of Analysis of a Nationwide Breast Cancer Registry Database. J Breast Cancer 2017; 20:264-269. [PMID: 28970852 PMCID: PMC5620441 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2017.20.3.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics of pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) in comparison with non-pregnancy associated breast cancer (non-PABC). METHODS A total of 344 eligible patients with PABC were identified in the Korean Breast Cancer Society Registry database. PABC was defined as ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma, or invasive lobular carcinoma diagnosed during pregnancy or within 1 year after the birth of a child. Patients with non-PABC were selected from the same database using a 1:2 matching method. The matching variables were operation, age, and initial stage. RESULTS Patients with PABC had significantly lower survival rates than patient with non-PABC (10-year survival rate: PABC, 76.4%; non-PABC, 85.1%; p=0.011). PABC patients had higher histologic grade and were more frequently hormone receptor negative than non-PABC patients. Being overweight (body mass index [BMI], ≥23 kg/m2), early menarche (≤13 years), late age at first childbirth (≥30 years), and a family history of breast cancer were more common in the PABC group than in the non-PABC group. Multivariate analysis showed the following factors to be significantly associated with PABC (vs. non-PABC): early menarche (odds ratio [OR], 2.165; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.566-2.994; p<0.001), late age at first childbirth (OR, 2.446; 95% CI, 1.722-3.473; p<0.001), and being overweight (OR, 1.389; 95% CI, 1.007-1.917; p=0.045). CONCLUSION Early menarche, late age at first childbirth, and BMI ≥23 kg/m2 were more associated with PABC than non-PABC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Gyoung Kim
- Department of Surgery, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ye Won Jeon
- Department of Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Kyun Ko
- Department of Surgery, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Guiyun Sohn
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyu Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jo Youn
- Department of Surgery, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Hyun-Ah Kim
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
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Kang YT, Kim YJ, Bu J, Cho YH, Han SW, Moon BI. High-purity capture and release of circulating exosomes using an exosome-specific dual-patterned immunofiltration (ExoDIF) device. Nanoscale 2017; 9:13495-13505. [PMID: 28862274 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr04557c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We present a microfluidic device for the capture and release of circulating exosomes from human blood. The exosome-specific dual-patterned immunofiltration (ExoDIF) device is composed of two distinct immuno-patterned layers, and is capable of enhancing the chance of binding between the antibody and exosomes by generating mechanical whirling, thus achieving high-throughput exosome isolation with high specificity. Moreover, follow-up recovery after the immuno-affinity based isolation, via cleavage of a linker, enables further downstream analysis. We verified the performance of the present device using MCF-7 secreted exosomes and found that both the concentration and proportion of exosome-sized vesicles were higher than in the samples obtained from the conventional exosome isolation kit. We then isolated exosomes from the human blood samples with our device to compare the exosome level between cancer patients and healthy donors. Cancer patients show a significantly higher exosome level with higher selectivity when validating the exosome-sized vesicles using both electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. The captured exosomes from cancer patients also express abundant cancer-associated antigens, the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) on their surface. Our simple and rapid exosome recovery technique has huge potential to elucidate the function of exosomes in cancer patients and can thus be applied for various exosome-based cancer research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Tae Kang
- Cell Bench Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Moon BI, Kim HR, Choi EJ, Kie JH, Seoh JY. Attenuation of collagen-induced arthritis by hyperbaric oxygen therapy through altering immune balance in favor of regulatory T cells. Undersea Hyperb Med 2017; 44:321-330. [PMID: 28783888 DOI: 10.22462/7.8.2017.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO₂) therapy is currently used for the treatment of chronic wounds, radiation-induced soft tissue necrosis, several oxygen-deficiency conditions and decompression sickness. In addition to the current indications, much empirical and experimental data suggest that HBO₂ therapy may benefit autoimmune diseases by suppressing immunity, but the underlying mechanism is not well understood. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated whether HBO₂ prevents the development of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in association with alteration of the immune balance between pro-inflammatory Th17 and anti-inflammatory regulatory T cells (Tregs). Arthritis was induced in DBA/1 mice by intradermal injection of type II collagen. Animals received either no treatment or 90 minutes of HBO₂ (100% oxygen, at 2.0 ATA) daily beginning three days prior to the injection and were monitored for the development of arthritis. Six weeks later, joint tissues and spleens were analyzed for the alteration of immune balance between Th17 and Tregs by immunohistochemistry (IHC) or Western blot. Injection of collagen-induced extensive arthritis and extramedullary hematopoiesis in the spleens. Meanwhile, joint swelling and inflammatory tissue damages as well as extramedullary hematopoiesis were significantly less severe in the mice treated with HBO₂. Both IHC and Western blot showed a decrease of FOXP3 and an increase of pSTAT3 expressions in the joints and spleens of the mice injected with collagen. This suggested that the systemic immune balance was biased toward Th17 cells, which was reversed by HBO₂ therapy. These results suggested acute CIA associated with an immune balance favoring Th17 was attenuated by HBO₂ in parallel with restoration of the immune balance to favor Tregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Graduate School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ran Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Ewha Womans University Graduate School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jeong Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Ewha Womans University Graduate School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hae Kie
- Department of Pathology, National Health Insurance Cooperation Ilsan Hospital, Koyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Young Seoh
- Department of Microbiology, Ewha Womans University Graduate School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Bu J, Kang YT, Lee YS, Kim J, Cho YH, Moon BI. Lab on a fabric: Mass producible and low-cost fabric filters for the high-throughput viable isolation of circulating tumor cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 91:747-755. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Kim HJ, Moon BI, Lee JW, Kim SC, Kim HJ. Age-related reduction of antibody response against the human endogenous retrovirus K envelope in women. Oncotarget 2017; 7:17327-37. [PMID: 26872058 PMCID: PMC4951215 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the correlation between the antibody response against human endogenous retrovirus K (HERV-K) envelope and human age was investigated. Antibody levels were compared in groups in their 20s (n = 25), 30s (n = 39), 40s (n = 68), 50s (n = 32), and 60s and over (n = 25), which included healthy individuals and breast cancer and/or cervical cancer patients. It appeared that both IgM and IgG responses against the HERV-K envelope fell with increasing age. There were no differences in anti-HERV-K envelope antibody levels between healthy individuals and cancer patients. Therefore, our results indicated that the anti-HERV-K antibody levels cannot be considered as cancer-specific marker. Also, IgG1 appeared to be the predominant subtype in the reduction of the IgG response by age. Receiver operating characteristic curves of anti-HERV-K envelope IgM levels indicated that the groups of people in their 20s or 30s could be distinguished from those in their 40s, 50s or 60s and over with satisfactory sensitivity and specificity. These findings indicate that the serum antibody level of HERV-K envelope is a critical parameter reflecting person's age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Virology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul 07985, South Korea
| | - Jun Woo Lee
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul 07985, South Korea
| | - Seung Cheol Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul 07985, South Korea
| | - Hong-Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Virology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
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Kim YJ, Kim K, Lee R, Kim J, Jung W, Paik NS, Moon BI, Lim W, Lee J. Two-year Follow-up of Volumetric-modulated Arc Therapy for Treating Internal Mammary Nodes in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer. Anticancer Res 2017; 36:4847-51. [PMID: 27630339 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.11047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM We evaluated dosimetric and clinical results of volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) treating internal mammary nodes (IMNs) in patients with locally advanced breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between July 2012 and December 2013, treatment outcomes of 31 patients with stage III breast cancer treated with postoperative radiotherapy including the IMN field using VMAT were analyzed. RESULTS The median follow-up was 25.2 months. VMAT showed good homogeneity and improved conformity. The incidence of lung toxicity of grade 2 or more was 3.2%, and cardiac toxicity was not observed. No patient developed local recurrence. CONCLUSION VMAT appears safe for the treatment of locally advanced breast cancer including the IMN field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jun Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyubo Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Rena Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonguen Jung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Sun Paik
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woosung Lim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihae Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Jung JS, Choi MJ, Lee YY, Moon BI, Park JS, Kim HS. Suppression of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation by Morin via MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and PKA/HO-1 Signaling Pathway Modulation. J Agric Food Chem 2017; 65:373-382. [PMID: 28032996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Morin is a flavonoid isolated from certain fruits and Chinese herbs and is known to possess various medicinal properties. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of morin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microglial activation, both in vitro and in vivo. We found that morin inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. Furthermore, morin suppressed the microglial activation and cytokine expression in the brains of LPS-stimulated mice. Subsequent mechanistic studies revealed that morin inhibited the action of LPS-activated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and activating protein-1 (AP-1). Further, the phosphorylation and DNA binding activity of cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB) was enhanced by morin. Moreover, morin suppressed the LPS-induced expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase subunits, while it increased heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation. Therefore, our data suggest that morin exerts anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-stimulated microglia by downregulating MAPK and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathways while upregulating protein kinase A (PKA)/CREB and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Sun Jung
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute , Gyeonggi-do 463-746, Republic of Korea
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An JS, Kim HG, Paek SH, Lee JW, Woo J, Kwon H, Lim W, Moon BI, Paik NS. Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Via the Cervico-axillary Approach for Thyroid Cancer: Initial Experience in a Single Institute. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.16956/kjes.2017.17.1.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Shin An
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Goo Kim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Hyun Paek
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Woo Lee
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juhyun Woo
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyungju Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woosung Lim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Sun Paik
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim S, Park S, Cho MS, Lim W, Moon BI, Sung SH. Strong Correlation of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 Expression with Basal-Like Phenotype and Increased Lymphocytic Infiltration in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. J Cancer 2017; 8:124-130. [PMID: 28123606 PMCID: PMC5264048 DOI: 10.7150/jca.17437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is an immunosuppressive enzyme involved in tumor immune escape. Blockade of the IDO1 pathway is an emerging modality of cancer immunotherapy. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks established therapeutic targets and may be a good candidate for this novel immunotherapeutic agent. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathologic characteristics of the IDO1-expressing TNBC subset. A tissue microarray was constructed from 200 patients with TNBC. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for IDO1 and TNBC molecular subtype-surrogate markers (AR, GCDFP-15, claudin-3, E-cadherin, CK5/6, and EGFR) was performed using this tissue microarray. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to confirm the IDO1 mRNA expression level in 16 fresh-frozen TNBC samples. Two hundred TNBCs were classified into four subtypes based on surrogate IHC results: 22 luminal androgen receptor type (11.0%), 23 claudin-low type (11.4%), 103 basal-like type (51.5%), and 52 mixed type (26.0%). IDO1 positivity (defined as expression of >10% tumor cells) was observed in 37% of all TNBCs. IDO1 IHC expression was well correlated with mRNA expression. IDO1 positivity was significantly associated with smaller tumor size, dense stromal lymphocytic infiltration, and basal-like phenotype; however, it did not affect the patients' prognosis. IDO1 expression in basal-like TNBCs is considered an immune inhibitory signal that counterbalances active immunity and may reflect the high mutational load of these tumors. Our results suggest which patients with TNBC would be more efficaciously treated with IDO1 blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sewha Kim
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59, Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Korea
| | - Sanghui Park
- Department of Pathology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Korea
| | - Min Sun Cho
- Department of Pathology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Korea
| | - Woosung Lim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Korea
| | - Sun Hee Sung
- Department of Pathology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Korea
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Bu J, Kang YT, Kim YJ, Cho YH, Chang HJ, Kim H, Moon BI, Kim HG. Dual-patterned immunofiltration (DIF) device for the rapid efficient negative selection of heterogeneous circulating tumor cells. Lab Chip 2016; 16:4759-4769. [PMID: 27858042 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc01179a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is an emerging field for estimating the metastatic relapse and tumor burden of cancer patients. However, the isolation of CTCs is still challenging due to their ambiguity, rarity, and heterogeneity. Here, we present an anti-CD45 antibody based dual-patterned immunofiltration (DIF) device for the enrichment of heterogeneous CTC subtypes by effective elimination of leukocytes. Our uniquely designed dual-patterned layers significantly enhance the binding chance between immuno-patterns and leukocytes due to the fluidic whirling and the increased binding sites, thus achieving superior negative selection in terms of high-throughput and high purity. From the experiments using lung cancer cells, 97.07 ± 2.79% of leukocytes were eliminated with less than 10% loss of cancerous cells at the flow rate of 1 mL h-1. To verify the device as a potential diagnostic tool, CTCs were collected from 11 cancer patients' blood and an average of 283.3 CTC-like cells were identified while less than 1 CTC-like cells were found from healthy donors. The samples were also analyzed by immunohistochemistry and the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to identify their heterogeneous characteristics. These remarkable results demonstrate that the present device could help to understand the unknown properties or undiscovered roles of CTCs with a non-biased view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoon Bu
- Cell Bench Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoon-Tae Kang
- Cell Bench Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Jun Kim
- Cell Bench Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Ho Cho
- Cell Bench Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee Jin Chang
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojoong Kim
- Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University and Ewha Medical Research Institute, 911-1, MokDong, YangCheon-Ku, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Gak Kim
- Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, 33, Duryugongwon-ro 17-gil, Nam-gu, Daegu, 42472, Republic of Korea
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Jang B, Jung H, Chung H, Moon BI, Oh ES. Syndecan-2 enhances E-cadherin shedding and fibroblast-like morphological changes by inducing MMP-7 expression in colon cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 477:47-53. [PMID: 27270030 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
E-cadherin plays a mechanical role in mediating cell-cell interactions and maintaining epithelial tissue integrity, and the loss of E-cadherin function has been implicated in cancer progression and metastasis. Syndecan-2, a cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan, is upregulated during the development of colon cancer. Here, we assessed the functional relationship between E-cadherin and syndecan-2. We found that stable overexpression of syndecan-2 in a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (HT29) enhanced the proteolytic shedding of E-cadherin to conditioned-media. Either knockdown of matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP-7) or inhibition of MMP-7 activity using GM6001 significantly reduced the extracellular shedding of E-cadherin, suggesting that syndecan-2 mediates E-cadherin shedding via MMP-7. Consistent with this notion, enhancement of MMP-7 expression by interleukin-1α treatment increased the shedding of E-cadherin. Conversely, the specific reduction of either syndecan-2 or MMP-7 reduced the shedding of E-cadherin. HT29 cells overexpressing syndecan-2 showed significantly lower cell-surface expression of E-cadherin, decreased cell-cell contact, a more fibroblastic cell morphology, and increased expression levels of ZEB-1. Taken together, these data suggest that syndecan-2 induces extracellular shedding of E-cadherin and supports the acquisition of a fibroblast-like morphology by regulating MMP-7 expression in a colon cancer cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohee Jang
- Department of Life Sciences and the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejung Jung
- Department of Life Sciences and the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Heesung Chung
- Department of Life Sciences and the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 911-1 Mok-Dong Yangcheon-Ku, Seoul, 158-710, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eok-Soo Oh
- Department of Life Sciences and the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
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Kim HA, Ahn SH, Nam SJ, Park S, Ro J, Im SA, Jung YS, Yoon JH, Hur MH, Choi YJ, Lee SJ, Jeong J, Cho SH, Kim SY, Lee MH, Kim LS, Moon BI, Kim TH, Park C, Kim SJ, Jung SH, Park H, Gwak GH, Kang SH, Kim JG, Kim J, Choi SY, Lim CW, Kim D, Yoo Y, Song YJ, Kang YJ, Jung SS, Shin HJ, Lee KJ, Han SH, Lee ES, Han W, Kim HJ, Noh WC. The role of the addition of ovarian suppression to tamoxifen in young women with hormone-sensitive breast cancer who remain premenopausal or regain menstruation after chemotherapy (ASTRRA): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial and progress. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:319. [PMID: 27197523 PMCID: PMC4872354 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2354-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian function suppression (OFS) has been shown to be effective as adjuvant endocrine therapy in premenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. However, it is currently unclear if addition of OFS to standard tamoxifen therapy after completion of adjuvant chemotherapy results in a survival benefit. In 2008, the Korean Breast Cancer Society Study Group initiated the ASTRRA randomized phase III trial to evaluate the efficacy of OFS in addition to standard tamoxifen treatment in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer patients who remain or regain premenopausal status after chemotherapy. Methods Premenopausal women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer treated with definitive surgery were enrolled after completion of neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy. Ovarian function was assessed at the time of enrollment and every 6 months for 2 years by follicular-stimulating hormone levels and bleeding history. If ovarian function was confirmed as premenopausal status, the patient was randomized to receive 2 years of goserelin plus 5 years of tamoxifen treatment or 5 years of tamoxifen alone. The primary end point will be the comparison of the 5-year disease-free survival rates between the OFS and tamoxifen alone groups. Patient recruitment was finished on March 2014 with the inclusion of a total of 1483 patients. The interim analysis will be performed at the time of the observation of the 187th event. Discussion This study will provide evidence of the benefit of OFS plus tamoxifen compared with tamoxifen only in premenopausal patients with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer treated with chemotherapy. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT00912548. Registered May 31 2009. Korean Breast Cancer Society Study Group Register KBCSG005. Registered October 26 2009.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ah Kim
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei Hyun Ahn
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Jin Nam
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seho Park
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungsil Ro
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Seock-Ah Im
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sik Jung
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Han Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hee Hur
- Department of Surgery, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ji Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Heon Cho
- Department of Surgery, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yong Kim
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hyuk Lee
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Colleage of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Lee Su Kim
- Division of Breast & Endocrine Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanheun Park
- Department of Surgery, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei Joong Kim
- Department of Surgery, Inha University Hospital, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hoo Jung
- Department of Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Heungkyu Park
- Department of Breast Surgery, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Geum Hee Gwak
- Department of Surgery, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hee Kang
- Department of Surgery, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Gin Kim
- Departments of Surgery, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeryong Kim
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Yun Choi
- Department of Surgery, KangDong sacred heart hospital, Hallym university, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Wan Lim
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Doyil Kim
- Department of Surgery, Kangseo Mizmedi Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngbum Yoo
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Song
- Department of Surgery, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Jung Kang
- Department of Surgery, Eulji University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Seol Jung
- Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Medical College of The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Jai Shin
- Breast and thyroid care center, Department of Surgery, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan Ju Lee
- Department of Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Hwan Han
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sook Lee
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonshik Han
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jung Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Chul Noh
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kim S, Moon BI, Lim W, Park S, Cho MS, Sung SH. Expression patterns of GATA3 and the androgen receptor are strongly correlated in patients with triple-negative breast cancer. Hum Pathol 2016; 55:190-5. [PMID: 27184484 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3) is a diagnostically useful immunohistochemical marker of breast cancer. Because of its strong association with estrogen receptor expression, GATA3 has markedly reduced sensitivity in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We constructed a tissue microarray using a large series of TNBCs and evaluated GATA3 expression by TNBC subtype as defined by surrogate immunohistochemical markers. A total of 205 TNBCs were classified into cancers of the molecular apocrine type (n=23, 11.2%), claudin-low type (n=21, 10.2%), basal-like type (n=91, 44.4%), mixed type (n=62, 30.2%), and null type (n=8, 3.9%). The GATA3 scores (staining intensity × proportion) were categorized as negative (0), focally positive (1-10), or positive (11-300). GATA3 staining was negative in 153 cancers (74.6%), focally positive in 11 (5.4%), and positive in 41 (20.0%). The rate of focal positivity or positivity for GATA3 was significantly higher in the molecular apocrine type (73.9%, 17/23) than in other types of TNBCs (P=.001). The mean GATA3 score of molecular apocrine-type TNBC was significantly higher than that of the other types (P=.001) and differed significantly between androgen receptor (AR)-positive and AR-negative TNBCs (P<.001). In conclusion, GATA3 expression was correlated strongly with AR-positive, molecular apocrine-type TNBCs. Co-expression of AR and GATA3 is a specific feature of molecular apocrine-type TNBC, which may serve as a diagnostic aid for cancer of unknown primary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sewha Kim
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Korea
| | - Woosung Lim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Korea
| | - Sanghui Park
- Department of Pathology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Korea
| | - Min Sun Cho
- Department of Pathology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Korea
| | - Sun Hee Sung
- Department of Pathology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Korea.
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Wi GR, Moon BI, Kim HJ, Lim W, Lee A, Lee JW, Kim HJ. A lectin-based approach to detecting carcinogenesis in breast tissue. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:3889-3895. [PMID: 27313712 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that the diversity of glycosylation structures that form during cancer progression and the sensitivity with which they are able to be detected have great potential for cancer screening. However, the large majority of breast cancer research has instead focused on the development of protein or nucleic acid markers. In the present study, alterations in glycosylation in breast cancer tissue were analyzed using enzyme-linked lectin assays (ELLAs), which have potential for high-throughput screening. Cancer tissues (CCs) and normal tissues (CNs) were collected from women with breast cancer ranging from stage 0 to IIIA. The specimens were divided into two groups, stage 0-I and stage II-III, and the levels of four types of lectin in stage 0-I and stage II-III CCs and CNs were compared by ELLA. The results demonstrated that, relative to CNs, the CCs contained significantly enhanced levels of mannosylation (stage 0-I, P<0.001; stage II-III, P<0.001), galactosylation (stage 0-I, P<0.05; stage II-III, P<0.001), sialylation (stage 0-I, P<0.001; stage II-III, P<0.01) and fucosylation (stage 0-I, P<0.01; stage II-III, P<0.01). Furthermore, stage II-III CCs had higher levels of mannosylation (P<0.05) and galactosylation (P<0.01) than stage 0-I CCs. The sensitivity of the ELLA system ranged from 71-100% when specificity was set at 100%. These results demonstrate that enhanced glycosylation levels identified by ELLA are associated with the development of breast tumors, and provide evidence of the exceptional sensitivity and specificity of the ELLA system in the detection of breast cancer. This approach is anticipated to contribute highly to the development of reliable diagnostic procedures for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga Ram Wi
- Laboratory of Virology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Virology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Woosung Lim
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Anbok Lee
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Woo Lee
- Breast and Thyroid Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Virology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
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Jung JS, Ahn YH, Moon BI, Kim HS. Exogenous C2 Ceramide Suppresses Matrix Metalloproteinase Gene Expression by Inhibiting ROS Production and MAPK Signaling Pathways in PMA-Stimulated Human Astroglioma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:477. [PMID: 27043542 PMCID: PMC4848933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17040477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases, which play a pivotal role in invasion, migration, and angiogenesis of glioma. Therefore, controlling MMPs is potentially an important therapeutic strategy for glioma. In the present study, we found that exogenous cell-permeable short-chain C2 ceramide inhibits phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced MMP-1, -3, and -9 gene expressions in U87MG and U373MG human astroglioma cells. In addition, C2 ceramide inhibited the protein secretion and enzymatic activities of MMP-1, -3, and -9. The Matrigel invasion assay and wound healing assay showed that C2 ceramide suppresses the in vitro invasion and migration of glioma cells, which appears to be involved in strong inhibition of MMPs by C2 ceramide. Subsequent mechanistic studies revealed that C2 ceramide inhibits PMA-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation and nuclear factor (NF)-κB/activator protein (AP)-1 DNA binding activities. Furthermore, C2 ceramide significantly inhibited PMA-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) expression, and inhibition of ROS by diphenylene iodonium (DPI, NADPH oxidase inhibitor) mimicked the effects of C2 ceramide on MMP expression and NF-κB/AP-1 via inhibition of p38 MAPK. The results suggest C2 ceramide inhibits MMP expression and glioma invasion, at least partly, by modulating ROS-p38 MAPK signaling axis and other MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Sun Jung
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Tissue Injury Defense Research Center, Ewha Womans University Medical School, Seoul 07985, Korea.
| | - Young-Ho Ahn
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Tissue Injury Defense Research Center, Ewha Womans University Medical School, Seoul 07985, Korea.
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical School, Seoul 07985, Korea.
| | - Hee-Sun Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Tissue Injury Defense Research Center, Ewha Womans University Medical School, Seoul 07985, Korea.
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Abstract
The suppressive function of regulatory T cells (Tregs) is critical to the maintenance of immune homeostasis in vivo and yet, the specific identification of Tregs by phenotypic markers is not perfect. Tregs were originally identified in the CD4+CD25+ fraction of T cells, but FoxP3 expression was later included as an additional marker of Tregs as FoxP3 expression was identified as being critical to the development and function of these cells. Intracellular expression of FoxP3 makes it difficult in using to isolate live and not permeabilized cells for functional assays. As such CD4+CD25+ fraction is still frequently used for functional assays of Tregs. Although, the CD4+CD25+ fraction substantially overlaps with the FoxP3+ fraction, the minor mismatch between CD4+CD25+ and FoxP3+ fractions may confound the functional characteristics of Tregs. In this study, we isolated CD4+FoxP3+ as well as CD4+CD25+ fractions from Foxp3 knock-in mice, and compared their proliferative and suppressive activity in the presence or absence of various concentrations of IL-2. Our results showed comparable patterns of proliferative and suppressive responses for both fractions, except that contrary to the CD4+CD25+ fraction the FoxP3+ fraction did not proliferate in an autocrine fashion even in response to a strong stimulation. In presence of exogenous IL-2, both CD4+CD25+ and CD4+FoxP3+ fractions were more sensitive than the CD4+CD25- responder cells in proliferative responsiveness. In addition, a low dose IL-2 enhanced whereas a high dose abrogated the suppressive activities of the CD4+CD25+ and CD4+FoxP3+ fractions. These results may provide an additional understanding of the characteristics of the various fractions of isolated Tregs based on phenotype and function and the role of varying levels of exogenous IL-2 on the suppressive activity of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Graduate School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Hun Kim
- Department of Internal medicine, Ewha Womans University Graduate School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju-Young Seoh
- Department of Microbiology, Ewha Womans University Graduate School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Park B, Shin A, Jung-Choi K, Ha E, Cheong HK, Kim HJ, Park KH, Jang S, Moon BI, Ha M. Correlation of breast cancer incidence with the number of motor vehicles and consumption of gasoline in Korea. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:2959-64. [PMID: 24815431 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.7.2959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
While several reproductive and lifestyle-related factors are already well-known as established risk factors for breast cancer, environmental factors have attracted attention only recently. The objective of the current study was to assess the association between the breast cancer incidences in females, the mortality rate and the number of motor vehicles on the one side and the consumption of gasoline which could work as a major source of air pollution at the other side. The breast cancer incidences and the mortality trends were compared with various indices of westernization like dietary patterns or industrialization with 10 years lag of time. Geographical variations with 10, 15 and 20 years lag of time were assessed between the breast cancer incidence in 2010 and the number of motor vehicles as well as the consumption of gasoline. The upward trend of motor vehicle numbers proved to be comparable to those of breast cancer incidence and mortality. However, the consumption of gasoline started to decrease since the mid-1990s. The geographic distribution of motor vehicle numbers and gasoline consumption in 1990 is in a positive correlation with the breast cancer incidence rates in 2010 and the 20-year lag time (R2 0.379 with the number of motor vehicles and 0.345 with consumption of gasoline). In a linear relationship between the breast cancer incidences in 2010 and the log transformed number of motor vehicles, the log transformed consumption of gasoline in 2000 also showed a positive relationship (R2 0.367 with the number of motor vehicles and 0.329 with consumption of gasoline). The results of the current study indicate that there may be a positive relation between the number of vehicles, gasoline consumption and the incidence of breast cancer from the aspects of long-term trends and geographical variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyoung Park
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea E-mail : minaha00@gmail. com,
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Woo J, Park H, Sung SH, Moon BI, Suh H, Lim W. Prognostic value of human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) expression in breast cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99528. [PMID: 24914806 PMCID: PMC4051707 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is an essential protein for DNA base excision repair (BER) and redox regulation. The ability of cancer cells to recognize DNA damage and initiate DNA repair is an important mechanism for therapeutic resistance. Several recent studies have suggested that APE1 expression levels and/or subcellular dysregulation may be used to indicate the sensitivity of tumors to radiotherapy or chemotherapy. In this study, we assessed the prognostic significance of APE1 and differences in APE1 expression levels according to breast cancer molecular subtypes. We analyzed formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissue sections from 243 cases diagnosed as invasive breast cancer at Ewha Womans University Medical Center between January 2003 and December 2008. Immunohistochemistry was performed and the nuclear level of APE1 was scored by taking into account the percentage of positive cells. Medical records were reviewed to investigate clinicopathologic characteristics. We found that nuclear APE1 high-level expression (proportion ≥50%) in breast cancer showed a tendency towards unfavorable prognosis regarding disease-free survival (p = 0.093). However, there was no significant difference in overall survival between low and high-level expression groups (p = 0.294). Interestingly, within the Ki-67 low-level expression group, APE1 low-level expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival (p = 0.007). A significant positive correlation was observed between APE1 nuclear expression and estrogen receptor status (75.7% vs. 59.7%, p = 0.022). Also, the luminal A subtype was the most commonly observed breast cancer subtype in the APE1 high-level expression group (61.6% vs. 45.2%, p = 0.000). This study suggests that APE1 expression may be associated with breast cancer prognosis. In particular, its role as a prognostic factor would be significant for breast cancers with a low Ki-67 proliferation index. It is proposed that nuclear APE1 may be a novel target in breast cancer with a low proliferation rate to obtain better outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joohyun Woo
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heejung Park
- Department of Pathology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Hee Sung
- Department of Pathology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunsuk Suh
- Department of Plastic surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woosung Lim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Kim HR, Lee A, Choi EJ, Kie JH, Lim W, Lee HK, Moon BI, Seoh JY. Attenuation of experimental colitis in glutathione peroxidase 1 and catalase double knockout mice through enhancing regulatory T cell function. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95332. [PMID: 24743300 PMCID: PMC3990669 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in the progression of inflammatory diseases including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Meanwhile, several studies suggested the protective role of ROS in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, and it was recently reported that dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis was attenuated in mice with an elevated level of ROS due to deficiency of peroxiredoxin II. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are critical in the prevention of IBD and Treg function was reported to be closely associated with ROS level, but it has been investigated only in lowered levels of ROS so far. In the present study, in order to clarify the relationship between ROS level and Treg function, and their role in the pathogenesis of IBD, we investigated mice with an elevated level of ROS due to deficiency of both glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-1 and catalase (Cat) for the susceptibility of DSS-induced colitis in association with Treg function. The results showed that DSS-induced colitis was attenuated and Tregs were hyperfunctional in GPx1−/− × Cat−/− mice. In vivo administration of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) aggravated DSS-induced colitis and decreased Treg function to the level comparable to WT mice. Attenuated Th17 cell differentiation from naïve CD4+ cells as well as impaired production of IL-6 and IL-17A by splenocytes upon stimulation suggested anti-inflammatory tendency of GPx1−/− × Cat−/− mice. Suppression of Stat3 activation in association with enhancement of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and FoxP3 expression might be involved in the immunosuppressive mechanism of GPx1−/− × Cat−/− mice. Taken together, it is implied that ROS level is critical in the regulation of Treg function, and IBD may be attenuated in appropriately elevated levels of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Ran Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Ewha Womans University Graduate School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Anbok Lee
- Department of Pathology, National Health Insurance Cooperation Ilsan Hospital, Koyang, Korea
| | - Eun-Jeong Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Ewha Womans University Graduate School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hae Kie
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Graduate School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woosung Lim
- Department of Pathology, National Health Insurance Cooperation Ilsan Hospital, Koyang, Korea
| | - Hyeon Kook Lee
- Department of Pathology, National Health Insurance Cooperation Ilsan Hospital, Koyang, Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Pathology, National Health Insurance Cooperation Ilsan Hospital, Koyang, Korea
- * E-mail: (JYS); (BIM)
| | - Ju-Young Seoh
- Department of Microbiology, Ewha Womans University Graduate School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail: (JYS); (BIM)
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Kim HR, Oh SK, Lim W, Lee HK, Moon BI, Seoh JY. Immune enhancing effects of Echinacea purpurea root extract by reducing regulatory T cell number and function. Nat Prod Commun 2014; 9:511-514. [PMID: 24868871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Echinacea purpurea preparations (EPs) have been traditionally used for the treatment of various infections and also for wound healing. Accumulating evidence suggests their immunostimulatory effects. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are known to play a key role in immune regulation in vivo. However, there have been no reports so far on the effects of EP on the frequency or function of Tregs in vivo. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the quantitative and functional changes in Tregs by in vivo administration with EP. The frequencies of CD4+FoxP3+ and CD4+CD25+ Tregs in the spleens of BALB/c mice administered with EP for 3 weeks were investigated by flow cytometry. The suppressive function of CD4CD25+ Tregs in association with the proliferative activity of CD4+CD25 effector T cells (Teffs) and the feeder function of CD4 antigen-presenting cells (APCs) were analyzed by carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester-dilution assay. The results showed a lowered frequency of CD4+FoxP3+ and CD4+CD25+ Tregs and attenuated suppressive function of CD4+CD25+ Tregs, while the feeder function of APCs was enhanced in the EP-administered mice. On the other hand, the proliferative activity of Teffs was not significantly different in the EP-administered mice. The results suggest that decreased number and function of Tregs, in association with the enhanced feeder function of APCs, may contribute to the enhancement of immune function by EP.
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