1
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Çon N, Mercan S, Küçüköner A, Çalişkan N. Adolescent intermittent ethanol use in male rats do not change cerebellar cell numbers but initiate astroglial reaction. Int J Dev Neurosci 2024; 84:177-189. [PMID: 38327108 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Alcohol consumption during adolescence causes negative structural changes in the cerebellum and can lead to cognitive and motor skill disorders. Unfortunately, the age at which individuals begin drinking alcohol has decreased in recent years, which has drawn attention to the effects of alcohol on neurological changes during preadolescence. In this study, we investigated the effects of adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) exposure on the cellular composition of the cerebellum in male rats, particularly when alcohol consumption begins early. The male rats received eight doses of intermittent intraperitoneal injection of 25% (v/v) ethanol (3 g/kg) or saline from postnatal days (PND) 25 to PND 38. In rats, 28-42 days old corresponds to 10-18 years old in humans. Two hours after the last injection, the cells, neurons, and non-neuronal cells in the cerebellum were immunocytochemically labeled and the total numbers of related cells were calculated using the Isotropic Fractionator method. We found that AIE exposure does not change the cell numbers of the cerebellum in the short term, but it does activate astrocytes in the white matter of the cerebellum. These findings suggest that alcohol use during adolescence impairs the innate immune system and negatively affects brain plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurhan Çon
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Sevcan Mercan
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Asuman Küçüköner
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Nüket Çalişkan
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
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2
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Sarić N, Hashimoto-Torii K, Jevtović-Todorović V, Ishibashi N. Nonapoptotic caspases in neural development and in anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity. Trends Neurosci 2022; 45:446-458. [PMID: 35491256 PMCID: PMC9117442 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis, classically initiated by caspase pathway activation, plays a prominent role during normal brain development as well as in neurodegeneration. The noncanonical, nonlethal arm of the caspase pathway is evolutionarily conserved and has also been implicated in both processes, yet is relatively understudied. Dysregulated pathway activation during critical periods of neurodevelopment due to environmental neurotoxins or exposure to compounds such as anesthetics can have detrimental consequences for brain maturation and long-term effects on behavior. In this review, we discuss key molecular characteristics and roles of the noncanonical caspase pathway and how its dysregulation may adversely affect brain development. We highlight both genetic and environmental factors that regulate apoptotic and sublethal caspase responses and discuss potential interventions that target the noncanonical caspase pathway for developmental brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nemanja Sarić
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kazue Hashimoto-Torii
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Physiology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Nobuyuki Ishibashi
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Physiology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA; Children's National Heart Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
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3
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Rossetto IMU, Cagnon VHA, Kido LA, Lizarte Neto FS, Tirapelli LF, Tirapelli DPDC, de Almeida Chuffa LG, Martinez FE, Martinez M. Caffeine consumption attenuates ethanol-induced inflammation through the regulation of adenosinergic receptors in the UChB rats cerebellum. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:835-849. [PMID: 34484675 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Caffeine consumption is able to interfere in cellular processes related to inflammatory mechanisms by acting through the adenosinergic system. This study aimed to recognize alterations related to adenosinergic system and inflammatory process in the cerebellum of University of Chile Bibulous (UChB) rats after the consumption of ethanol and caffeine. UChB and Wistar rats, males at 5 months old, were divided into the groups (n = 15/group): (i) Control (Wistar rats receiving water); (ii) Ethanol group (UChB rats receiving ethanol solution at 10%) and (iii) Ethanol+caffeine group (UChB rats receiving ethanol solution at 10% added of 3 g/L of caffeine). The cerebellar tissue was collected and processed for immunohistochemistry, Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting techniques for the adenosinergic receptors A1 and A2a and inflammatory markers, including Nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB), TLR4, TLR2, MyD88, TNF-α, COX-2, iNOS and microglial marker Iba-1. Results showed ethanol and caffeine consumption differentially altering the immunolocalization of adenosinergic receptors and inflammatory markers in the cerebellar tissue. The A2a receptor was overexpressed in the Ethanol group and was evident in the glial cells. The Ethanol group had increased protein levels for NFκB and TLR4, expressively in Bergmann glia and Purkinje cells. Caffeine reduced the expression of these markers to levels similar to those found in the Control group. The A1 gene was upregulated the Ethanol group, but not its protein levels, suggesting post-transcriptional interference. In conclusion, caffeine seems to attenuate ethanol-induced inflammation in the cerebellum of UChB rats through the A1 and A2a modulation, playing a neuroprotective role in the chronic context of ethanol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Maria Urra Rossetto
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 255 Monteiro Lobato St, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Valéria Helena Alves Cagnon
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 255 Monteiro Lobato St, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Larissa Akemi Kido
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 80 Monteiro Lobato St, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Fermino Sanches Lizarte Neto
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, University of São Paulo (USP), 3900 Bandeirantes Ave, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Luís Fernando Tirapelli
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, University of São Paulo (USP), 3900 Bandeirantes Ave, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), 250 Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin St, Botucatu, SP 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Francisco Eduardo Martinez
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), 250 Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin St, Botucatu, SP 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Martinez
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), 13571 Biblioteca Comunitária Ave, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
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Olopade FE, Femi-Akinlosotu O, Adekanmbi AJ, Ajani S, Shokunbi MT. Neurobehavioural changes and morphological study of cerebellar purkinje cells in kaolin induced hydrocephalus. Anat Sci Int 2021; 96:87-96. [PMID: 32789737 DOI: 10.1007/s12565-020-00561-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cerebellar abnormalities are commonly associated with hydrocephalus. However, the effect of hydrocephalus on the otherwise normal cerebellum has been largely neglected. This study assesses the morphological changes in the Purkinje cells in relation to cerebellar dysfunction observed in juvenile hydrocephalic rats. Fifty-five three-week old albino Wistar rats were used, hydrocephalus was induced by intracisternal injection of kaolin (n = 35) and others served as controls (n = 20). Body weight measurements, hanging wire, negative geotaxis, and open field tests were carried out at the onset and then weekly for 4 weeks, rats were killed, and their cerebella processed for Hematoxylin and Eosin, Cresyl violet and Golgi staining. Qualitative and quantitative studies were carried out; quantitative data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and independent T tests at p < 0.05. Hydrocephalic rats weighed less than controls (p = 0.0247) but their cerebellar weights were comparable. The hydrocephalic rats had a consistently shorter latency to fall in the hanging wire test (F(4,112) = 18.63; p < 0.0001), longer latency to turn in the negative geotaxis test (F(4,112) = 22.2; p < 0.0001), and decreased horizontal (F(4,112) = 4.172, p = 0.0035) and vertical movements (F(4,112) = 4.397; p = 0.0024) in the open field test than controls throughout the 4 weeks post-induction. Cellular compression in the granular layer, swelling of Purkinje cells with vacuolations, reduced dendritic arborization and increased number of pyknotic Purkinje cells were observed in hydrocephalic rats. Hydrocephalus caused functional and morphological changes in the cerebellar cortex. Purkinje cell loss, a major pathological feature of hydrocephalus, may be responsible for some of the motor deficits observed in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funmilayo Eniola Olopade
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, PO Box 200284, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Omowumi Femi-Akinlosotu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, PO Box 200284, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adejoke Joan Adekanmbi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, PO Box 200284, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Seun Ajani
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, PO Box 200284, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Matthew Temitayo Shokunbi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, PO Box 200284, Ibadan, Nigeria.
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
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5
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Huang M, Zhong Y, Lin L, Liang B, Liu J, Jiang J, Hu M, Huang Y, Lin X, Lu L, Bian Z, Zhong W, Wu J, Zheng J, Rong W, Zhang Y, Jiang L, Wu J, Zhang X, Yang X, Hu Q, Huang Z. 1,2-Dichloroethane induces cerebellum granular cell apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway in vitro and in vivo. Toxicol Lett 2020; 322:87-97. [PMID: 31935479 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
1,2-Dichloroethane (1,2-DCE) is a widely used chlorinated organic toxicant, but little is known about the cerebellar dysfunction induced by excessive exposure to it. To uncover 1,2-DCE-induced neurotoxicity in cerebellar granular cells (CGCs), and to investigate the underlying mechanisms, we explored this, both in vitro and in vivo. Our findings showed significant cell viability inhibition in human CGCs (HCGCs) treated with 1,2-DCE. Flow cytometry and mitochondrial membrane potential analyses discovered an increase in apoptotic-mediated cell death in HCGCs after 1,2-DCE treatment. This HCGC apoptosis was involved in the increases of protein expression in Cytochrome c, Caspase-3, Bad, Bim, transformation related protein 53, Caspase-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, and Survivin. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and western blot confirmed the increases in Cytochrome c, Caspase-3, cleaved Caspase-3, and Bad in HCGCs after 1,2-DCE treatment. Bax inhibitor peptide V5 rescued 1,2-DCE-induced HCGC apoptosis. Furthermore, 80 CD-1 male mice were exposed to 1,2-DCE by inhalation at 0, 100, 350, and 700 mg/m3 for 6 h/day for 4 weeks. An open field test found abnormal neurobehavioral changes in the mice exposed to 1,2-DCE. Histopathological examination showed significantly shrunken and hypereosinophilic cytoplasm with nuclear pyknosis in mouse CGCs from the 700 mg/m3 1,2-DCE group. TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay verified significant increases in apoptotic positive cells in the mouse CGCs after 1,2-DCE exposure. We confirmed the increases in the expressions of Cytochrome c, Caspase-3, cleaved Caspase-3 and Bad in the mice exposed to 1,2-DCE. These findings suggest that 1,2-DCE exposure can induce CGC apoptosis and cerebellar dysfunction, at least in part, through mitochondrial pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manqi Huang
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Yizhou Zhong
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Li Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Boxuan Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Junying Jiang
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Manjiang Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuji Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lvliang Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ziwei Bian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wenyu Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jiejiao Wu
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jiewei Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Weifeng Rong
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Yating Zhang
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liang Jiang
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jieling Wu
- Department of Healthcare, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511442, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xingfen Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qiansheng Hu
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Zhenlie Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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6
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Combining lifestyle risks to disentangle brain structure and functional connectivity differences in older adults. Nat Commun 2019; 10:621. [PMID: 30728360 PMCID: PMC6365564 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08500-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle contributes to inter-individual variability in brain aging, but previous studies focused on the effects of single lifestyle variables. Here, we studied the combined and individual contributions of four lifestyle variables - alcohol consumption, smoking, physical activity, and social integration - to brain structure and functional connectivity in a population-based cohort of 549 older adults. A combined lifestyle risk score was associated with decreased gyrification in left premotor and right prefrontal cortex, and higher functional connectivity to sensorimotor and prefrontal cortex. While structural differences were driven by alcohol consumption, physical activity, and social integration, higher functional connectivity was driven by smoking. Results suggest that combining differentially contributing lifestyle variables may be more than the sum of its parts. Associations generally were neither altered by adjustment for genetic risk, nor by depressive symptomatology or education, underlining the relevance of daily habits for brain health. Lifestyle factors such as smoking and exercise contribute to the health of the brain during aging, but previous studies have focused on the effects of single lifestyle variables. Here, the authors examine the combined and individual effects of four lifestyle variables on brain structure and function.
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7
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Wang R, Tan J, Guo J, Zheng Y, Han Q, So KF, Yu J, Zhang L. Aberrant Development and Synaptic Transmission of Cerebellar Cortex in a VPA Induced Mouse Autism Model. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:500. [PMID: 30622458 PMCID: PMC6308145 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Autistic spectral disorder (ASD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disease that affects multiple brain regions. Both clinical and animal studies have revealed the possible involvement of the cerebellum in ASD pathology. In this study, we generated a rodent ASD model through a single prenatal administration of valproic acid (VPA) into pregnant mice, followed by cerebellar morphological and functional studies of the offspring. Behavioral studies showed that VPA exposure led to retardation of critical motor reflexes in juveniles and impaired learning in a tone-conditioned complex motor task in adults. These behavioral phenotypes were associated with premature migration and excess apoptosis of the granular cell (GC) precursor in the cerebellar cortex during the early postnatal period, and the decreased cell density and impaired dendritic arborization of the Purkinje neurons. On acute cerebellar slices, suppressed synaptic transmission of the Purkinje cells were reported in the VPA-treated mice. In summary, converging evidence from anatomical, electrophysiological and behavioral abnormalities in the VPA-treated mice suggest cerebellar pathology in ASD and indicate the potential values of motor dysfunction in the early diagnosis of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruanna Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Tan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junxiu Guo
- Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhan Zheng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Han
- Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiandong Yu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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8
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Martinez M, Rossetto IMU, Neto FSL, Tirapelli LF, Tirapelli DPC, Chuffa LGA, Cagnon VHA, Martinez FE. Interactions of ethanol and caffeine on apoptosis in the rat cerebellum (voluntary ethanol consumers). Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:1575-1583. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Martinez
- Department of Morphology and Pathology; Federal University of São Carlos; SP Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz F. Tirapelli
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy; USP-University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | | | | | - Valeria H. A. Cagnon
- Department of Anatomy; Cellular Biology, Physiology and Biophysics, UNICAMP; Campinas SP Brazil
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9
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Wallauer MM, Huf F, Tortorelli LS, Rahmeier FL, Carvalho FB, Meurer RT, da Cruz Fernandes M. Morphological changes in the cerebellum as a result of ethanol treatment and cigarette smoke exposure: A study on astrogliosis, apoptosis and Purkinje cells. Neurosci Lett 2018; 672:70-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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10
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Dhouib IB, Annabi A, Doghri R, Rejeb I, Dallagi Y, Bdiri Y, Lasram MM, Elgaaied A, Marrakchi R, Fazaa S, Gati A. Neuroprotective effects of curcumin against acetamiprid-induced neurotoxicity and oxidative stress in the developing male rat cerebellum: biochemical, histological, and behavioral changes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:27515-27524. [PMID: 28980111 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0331-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin is a molecule found in turmeric root that has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-tumor properties and has been widely used as both an herbal drug and a food additive to treat or prevent neurodegenerative diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effect of curcumin on neurobehavioral and neuropathological alterations induced by acetamiprid on male rats. Three groups of ten male Wistar rats each were used for the study: the first was a control group (CTR) that did not consume acetamiprid (ACE); the second was an experimental group (ACE) that consumed 40 mg/kg body weight/day of acetamiprid; and the third group (CUR) received curcumin (100 mg/kg) and acetamiprid (40 mg/kg) in combination. Neurobehavioral evaluations including inclined plane performance and forepaw grip time were studied. Treatment with CUR significantly prevented ACE-treated rats from impairments in the performance of neurobehavioral tests, indicating the presence of deficits on sensorimotor and neuromuscular responses. In addition, Curcumin administration protects rats against acetamiprid-induced cerebellum toxicity such as increase in AChE and BChE activities, decrease on cells viability, oxidative stress, and an increase of intracellular calcium. Taken together, these results demonstrate for the first time that ACE treatment substantially impairs the survival of primary neuronal cells through the induction of necrosis concomitantly with the generation of an oxidative stress. Additionally, curcumin reduced histopathological changes caused by ACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Bini Dhouib
- Laboratory of Venoms and Therapeutic Biomolecules, LR11IPT08, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Laboratory of Aggression Physiology and Endocrine Metabolic Studies, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Alya Annabi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Laboratory of Aggression Physiology and Endocrine Metabolic Studies, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Raoudha Doghri
- Laboratory of Anatomo-Pathology, Institut Salah Azaiez, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ines Rejeb
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Laboratory of Aggression Physiology and Endocrine Metabolic Studies, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Yosra Dallagi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Laboratory of Aggression Physiology and Endocrine Metabolic Studies, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Yassin Bdiri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Laboratory of Aggression Physiology and Endocrine Metabolic Studies, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Montassar Lasram
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Laboratory of Aggression Physiology and Endocrine Metabolic Studies, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amel Elgaaied
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology and Human Pathology, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Raja Marrakchi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology and Human Pathology, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Saloua Fazaa
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Laboratory of Aggression Physiology and Endocrine Metabolic Studies, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Asma Gati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology and Human Pathology, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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11
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Wang L, Zhang L, Chow BKC. Secretin Modulates the Postnatal Development of Mouse Cerebellar Cortex Via PKA- and ERK-dependent Pathways. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:382. [PMID: 29249942 PMCID: PMC5714926 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Postnatal development of the cerebellum is critical for its intact function such as motor coordination and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders. We previously reported that deprivation of secretin (SCT) from cerebellar Purkinje neurons impaired motor coordination and motor learning function, while leaving the potential role of SCT in cerebellar development to be determined. SCT and its receptor (SCTR) were constitutively expressed in the postnatal cerebellum in a temporal and cell-specific manner. Using a SCT knockout mouse model, we provided direct evidence showing altered developmental patterns of Purkinje cells (PCs) and granular cells (GCs). SCT deprivation reduced the PC density, impaired the PC dendritic formation, induced accelerated GC migration and potentiated cerebellar apoptosis. Furthermore, our results indicated the involvement of protein kinase A (PKA) and extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathways in SCT-mediated protective effects against neuronal apoptosis. Results of this study illustrated a novel function of SCT in the postnatal development of cerebellum, emphasizing the necessary role of SCT in cerebellar-related functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Li Zhang
- GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Billy K. C. Chow
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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12
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Carvalho CAMD, Tirapelli DPDC, Rodrigues AR, Lizarte FS, Novais PC, Silva JP, Carlotti CG, Colli BO, Tirapelli LF. Morphological and immunohistochemical analysis of apoptosis in the cerebellum of rats subjected to focal cerebral ischemia with or without alcoholism model. Acta Cir Bras 2017; 31:629-637. [PMID: 27737349 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020160090000009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluated histopathological changes, morphometric and expression of proteins CASPASE-3, BCL-2 and XIAP related to apoptosis in the cerebellum after induction of temporary focal cerebral ischemia followed by reperfusion, with or without a model of chronic alcoholism. METHODS: Fifty Wistar rats were used and divided into: control group (C), sham group (S), ischemic group (I), alcoholic group (A), and ischemic and alcoholic group (IA). The cerebellum samples collected were stained for histopathological and morphometric analysis and immunohistochemistry study. RESULTS: Histopathological changes were observed a greater degree in animals in groups A and IA. The morphometric study showed no difference in the amount of cells in the granular layer of the cerebellum between the groups. The expression of CASPASE-3 was higher than BCL-2 and XIAP in the groups A and IA. CONCLUSION: We observed correlation between histopathological changes and the occurrence of apoptosis in cerebellar cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Albuquerque Melo de Carvalho
- Assistant Professor, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL). Fellow PhD degree, Clinical Surgery Postgraduate Program, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirao Preto-SP, Brazil. Acquisition and interpretation of data, manuscript writing
| | - Daniela Pretti da Cunha Tirapelli
- Associate Professor, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Surgical Clinic Program, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, USP, Brazil. Intellectual, conception and design of the study; manuscript writing
| | - Andressa Romualdo Rodrigues
- Fellow PhD degree, Clinical Surgery Postgraduate Program, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, USP, Brazil. Technical procedures, manuscript writing
| | - Fermino Sanches Lizarte
- Fellow Pos-doctoral degree, Clinical Surgery Postgraduate Program, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, USP, Brazil.Technical procedures, manuscript writing
| | - Paulo Cézar Novais
- Assistant Professor, Department of Health Sciences, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR). Fellow Pos-doctoral degree, Clinical Surgery Postgraduate Program, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, USP, Brazil. Technical procedures, manuscript writing
| | - Jairo Pinheiro Silva
- Fellow PhD degree, Clinical Surgery Postgraduate Program, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, USP, Brazil. Technical procedures, manuscript writing
| | - Carlos Gilberto Carlotti
- Full Professor, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, USP, Brazil. Scientific and intellectual content of the study, manuscript writing
| | - Benedicto Oscar Colli
- Full Professor, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, USP, Brazil. Scientific and intellectual content of the study, manuscript writing
| | - Luís Fernando Tirapelli
- Associate Professor, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, USP, Brazil. Conception, design, intellectual and scientific content of the study; manuscript writing, critical revision; supervision of all phases of the study
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13
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Martí J, Molina V, Santa-Cruz MC, Hervás JP. Developmental Injury to the Cerebellar Cortex Following Hydroxyurea Treatment in Early Postnatal Life: An Immunohistochemical and Electron Microscopic Study. Neurotox Res 2016; 31:187-203. [PMID: 27601242 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-016-9666-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Postnatal development of the cerebellar cortex was studied in rats administered with a single dose (2 mg/g) of the cytotoxic agent hydroxyurea (HU) on postnatal day (P) 9 and collected at appropriate times ranging from 6 h to 45 days. Quantification of several parameters such as the density of pyknotic, mitotic, BrdU-positive, and vimentin-stained cells revealed that HU compromises the survival of the external granular layer (EGL) cells. Moreover, vimentin immunocytochemistry revealed overexpression and thicker immunoreactive glial processes in HU-treated rats. On the other hand, we also show that HU leads to the activation of apoptotic cellular events, resulting in a substantial number of dying EGL cells, as revealed by TUNEL staining and at the electron microscope level. Additionally, we quantified several features of the cerebellar cortex of rats exposed to HU in early postnatal life and collected in adulthood. Data analysis indicated that the analyzed parameters were less pronounced in rats administered with this agent. Moreover, we observed several alterations in the cerebellar cortex cytoarchitecture of rats injected with HU. Anomalies included ectopic placement of Purkinje cells and abnormities in the dendritic arbor of these macroneurons. Ectopic granule cells were also found in the molecular layer. These findings provide a clue for investigating the mechanisms of HU-induced toxicity during the development of the central nervous system. Our results also suggest that it is essential to avoid underestimating the adverse effects of this hydroxylated analog of urea when administered during early postnatal life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Martí
- Unidad de Citología e Histología, Facultad de Biociencias, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Vanesa Molina
- Unidad de Citología e Histología, Facultad de Biociencias, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M C Santa-Cruz
- Unidad de Citología e Histología, Facultad de Biociencias, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José P Hervás
- Unidad de Citología e Histología, Facultad de Biociencias, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
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14
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Chronic ethanol intake leads to structural and molecular alterations in the rat endometrium. Alcohol 2016; 52:55-61. [PMID: 27139238 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We described the effects of low- and high-dose ethanol intake on the structure and apoptosis signaling of the uterine endometrium of UChA and UChB rats (animals with voluntary ethanol consumption). Thirty adult female rats, 90 days old, were divided into three groups (n = 10/group): UChA rats fed with 10% (v/v) ethanol ad libitum (free choice for water or ethanol) drinking < 1.9 g/kg/day; UChB rats fed with 10% (v/v) ethanol ad libitum (free choice for water or ethanol) drinking from 2 to 5 g/kg/day; control rats without ethanol (only water). After 120 days of treatment, rats displaying estrus were euthanized. Uterine epithelial cells of the UCh rats showed dilated cisterns of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, presence of lipid droplets, altered nuclear chromatin, and disrupted mitochondria. The UCh rats exhibited intense atrophied epithelial cells with smaller areas and perimeters of cytoplasm and nuclei. The endometrium of UChA rats showed higher levels of caspase-3 while Xiap and Bcl2 varied from moderate to weak. Both UChA and UChB rats exhibited a stronger immunoreaction to Ki-67 and IGFR-1 on epithelial and stromal cells. Chronic ethanol intake leads to structural and molecular alterations in the uterine endometrium of UCh rats, regardless of low- or high-dose consumption, promoting reproductive disorders.
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15
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Cservenka A, Jones SA, Nagel BJ. Reduced cerebellar brain activity during reward processing in adolescent binge drinkers. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2015; 16:110-120. [PMID: 26190276 PMCID: PMC4691369 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescent binge drinkers have reduced cerebellar activity during reward outcome. Average drinks consumed/drinking day was negatively related to brain activity. Salience of rewards may be blunted because of alcohol-induced neurotoxicity.
Due to ongoing development, adolescence may be a period of heightened vulnerability to the neurotoxic effects of alcohol. Binge drinking may alter reward-driven behavior and neurocircuitry, thereby increasing risk for escalating alcohol use. Therefore, we compared reward processing in adolescents with and without a history of recent binge drinking. At their baseline study visit, all participants (age = 14.86 ± 0.88) were free of heavy alcohol use and completed a modified version of the Wheel of Fortune (WOF) functional magnetic resonance imaging task. Following this visit, 17 youth reported binge drinking on ≥3 occasions within a 90 day period and were matched to 17 youth who remained alcohol and substance-naïve. All participants repeated the WOF task during a second visit (age = 16.83 ± 1.22). No significant effects were found in a region of interest analysis of the ventral striatum, but whole-brain analyses showed significant group differences in reward response at the second study visit in the left cerebellum, controlling for baseline visit brain activity (p/α < 0.05), which was negatively correlated with mean number of drinks consumed/drinking day in the last 90 days. These findings suggest that binge drinking during adolescence may alter brain activity during reward processing in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Cservenka
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Scott A Jones
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Bonnie J Nagel
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States; Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.
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16
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Martinez M, Sauce R, Oliveira SA, de Almeida Chuffa LG, Stefanini MA, Lizarte Neto FS, Takase LF, Tirapelli LF, Martinez FE. Ethanol intake-induced apoptosis in glial cells and axonal disorders in the cerebellar white matter of UChA rats (voluntary ethanol consumers). Tissue Cell 2015; 47:389-94. [PMID: 26072102 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ethanol intake may cause alterations in cellular metabolism altering motricity, learning and cognition. The cerebellum is one of the most susceptible organs to ethanol-related disorders during development, and is associated with oxidative stress-induced apoptosis being crucial for pathogenic consequences. The UChA variety is a special strain of Wistar rat genetically selected and represents a rare model for the studies related to genetic, biochemical, physiological, nutritional, and pharmacological effects of ethanol. We evaluated the structure and apoptosis in the cerebellar white matter of UChA rats. There were two groups of 09 rats: a control group that did not consume ethanol, and an experimental group of UChA rats that consumed ethanol at 10% (v/v) (<2 g ethanol/kg body weight/day). At 120 days old, rats were anaesthetized followed by decapitation, and their cerebella were collected and fixed. Cerebellar sections were subjected to immunohistochemistry for Caspase-3 and XIAP and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The UChA group showed more glial cells immunoreactive for caspase-3 and less for XIAP than control group. Alcohol consumption affected myelin integrity. Severe ultrastructural damages in UChA group were observed such as disruption of the myelin sheath, disorganization and deformation of its components, and an increase in the interaxonal spaces. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that ethanol induced apoptosis in the glial cells and promoted an intense change in the myelin sheath of UChA rats, which may cause functional disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Martinez
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, UFSCar, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Sauce
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, UFSCar, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Cheng DT, Jacobson SW, Jacobson JL, Molteno CD, Stanton ME, Desmond JE. Eyeblink Classical Conditioning in Alcoholism and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. Front Psychiatry 2015; 6:155. [PMID: 26578987 PMCID: PMC4629452 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholism is a debilitating disorder that can take a significant toll on health and professional and personal relationships. Excessive alcohol consumption can have a serious impact on both drinkers and developing fetuses, leading to long-term learning impairments. Decades of research in laboratory animals and humans have demonstrated the value of eyeblink classical conditioning (EBC) as a well-characterized model system to study the neural mechanisms underlying associative learning. Behavioral EBC studies in adults with alcohol use disorders and in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders report a clear learning deficit in these two patient populations, suggesting alcohol-related damage to the cerebellum and associated structures. Insight into the neural mechanisms underlying these learning impairments has largely stemmed from laboratory animal studies. In this mini-review, we present and discuss exemplary animal findings and data from patient and neuroimaging studies. An improved understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying learning deficits in EBC related to alcoholism and prenatal alcohol exposure has the potential to advance the diagnoses, treatment, and prevention of these and other pediatric and adult disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic T Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD , USA
| | - Sandra W Jacobson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit, MI , USA ; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town , Cape Town , South Africa ; Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town , Cape Town , South Africa
| | - Joseph L Jacobson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit, MI , USA ; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town , Cape Town , South Africa ; Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town , Cape Town , South Africa
| | - Christopher D Molteno
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town , Cape Town , South Africa
| | - Mark E Stanton
- Department of Psychology, University of Delaware , Newark, DE , USA
| | - John E Desmond
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD , USA
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