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Denizci E, Altun G, Kaplan S. Morphological evidence for the potential protective effects of curcumin and Garcinia kola against diabetes in the rat hippocampus. Brain Res 2024; 1839:149020. [PMID: 38788929 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
This research investigated the effects of sciatic nerve transection and diabetes on the hippocampus, and the protective effects of Garcinia kola and curcumin. Thirty-five adults male Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups: a control group (Cont), a transected group (Sham group), a transected + diabetes mellitus group (DM), a transected + diabetes mellitus + Garcinia kola group (DM + GK), and a transected + DM + curcumin group (DM + Cur), each containing seven animals. The experimental diabetes model was created with the intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of streptozotocin. No procedure was applied to the Cont group, while sciatic nerve transection was performed on the other groups. Garcinia kola was administered to the rats in DM + GK, and curcumin to those in DM + Cur. Cardiac perfusion was performed at the end of the experimental period. Brain tissues were dissected for stereological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical evaluations. The volume ratios of hippocampal layers to the entire hippocampus volume were compared between the groups. Anti-S100, anti-caspase 3, and anti-SOX 2 antibodies were used for immunohistochemical analysis. No statistically significant difference was observed in the volume ratios of the four hippocampal layers. However, the volume ratio of the stratum lucidum was higher in the Sham, DM, and DM + Cur groups compared to the Cont group. While curcumin exhibited a protective effect on hippocampal tissue following diabetes induction, Garcinia kola had only a weak protective effect. Increased cell density and nuclear deterioration due to diabetes and nerve transection can be partially ameliorated by treatment with Garcinia kola and curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eda Denizci
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun 55139, Turkey
| | - Gamze Altun
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun 55139, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Kaplan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun 55139, Turkey; Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania.
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Singh A, Srivastava P, Verma AK, Arya JK, Rizvi SI. Curcumin displays a potent caloric restriction mimetic effect in an accelerated senescent model of rat. Biol Futur 2023:10.1007/s42977-023-00170-7. [PMID: 37247086 DOI: 10.1007/s42977-023-00170-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin, a strong natural compound with numerous health benefits, is extracted from the Curcuma longa. According to recent research findings, it also acts as a calorie restriction mimetic. We examined established aging biomarkers in erythrocytes and plasma and tested a persistent oral dietary dose of curcumin in young and D-galactose-induced accelerated rat aging models. For four weeks, D-gal (300 mg/kg b.w. subcutaneously) and curcumin (200 mg/kg b.w. oral) were administered simultaneously to test the protective effects of curcumin against D-galactose-induced accelerated aging and oxidative stress. In the accelerated senescent rat model, we discovered a significant rise in protein carbonyl, malonaldehyde (MDA), and advanced oxidation protein products. Increased levels of catalase, superoxide dismutase, ferric-reducing antioxidant potential, and reduced glutathione (GSH) were observed. Our findings reveal that curcumin has characteristics resembling a calorie restriction mimic and can successfully maintain redox equilibrium throughout the aging process in rat erythrocytes and plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, 211002, India
| | - Parisha Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, 211002, India
| | - Avnish Kumar Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, 211002, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar Arya
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, 211002, India
| | - Syed Ibrahim Rizvi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, 211002, India.
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Zhang J, Liu D, Fan A, Huang J, Lin W. Eremophilane-Type Sesquiterpenes from a Marine-Derived Fungus Penicillium Copticola with Antitumor and Neuroprotective Activities. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:712. [PMID: 36421990 PMCID: PMC9698232 DOI: 10.3390/md20110712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemical examination of a marine sponge-associated Penicillium copticola fungus resulted in the isolation of ten undescribed eremophilanes, namely copteremophilanes A-J (1-10), along with two new glycosides, 5-glycopenostatin F (11) and 5-glucopenostatin I (12). Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic data, in association with ECD data and chemical conversions for configurational assignments. Analogs 1, 2, and 10 represent a group of uncommon skeletons of eremophilanes with an aromatic ring and a methyl migration from C-5 to C-9, and analogs 11 and 12 are characteristic of a PKS scaffold bearing a glucose unit. The incorporation of a chlorinated phenylacetic unit in 3-9 is rarely found in nature. Analog 7 showed neuroprotective effect, whereas 8 exhibited selective inhibition against human non-small cell lung cancer cells (A549). This study enriched the chemical diversity of eremophilanes and extended their bioactivities to neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Aili Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wenhan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Institute of Ocean Research, Ningbo Institute of Marine Medicine, Peking University, Ningbo 315010, China
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Whulanza Y, Arafat Y, Rahman S, Utomo M, Kassegne S. On-chip testing of a carbon-based platform for electro-adsorption of glutamate. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09445. [PMID: 35647339 PMCID: PMC9133582 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that excessive concentrations of glutamate in the brain can cause neurotoxicity. A common approach to neutralizing this phenomenon is the use of suppressant drugs. However, excessive dependence on suppressant drugs could potentially lead to adversarial side effects, such as drug addiction. Here, we propose an alternative approach to this problem by controlling excessive amounts of glutamate ions through carbon-based, neural implant–mediated uptake. In this study, we introduce a microfluidic system that enables us to emulate the uptake of glutamate into the carbon matrix. The uptake is controlled using electrical pulses to incorporate glutamate ions into the carbon matrix through electro-adsorption. The effect of electric potential on glutamate ion uptake to control the amount of glutamate released into the microfluidic system was observed. The glutamate concentration was measured using a Ultra Violet-Visible spectrophotometer. The current setup demonstrated that a low pulsatile electric potential (0.5–1.5 V) was able to effectively govern the uptake of glutamate ions. The stimulated carbon matrix was able to decrease glutamate concentration by up to 40%. Furthermore, our study shows that these “entrapped” glutamate molecules can be effectively released upon electrical stimulation, thereby reversing the carbon electrical charge through a process called reverse uptake. A release model was used to study the profile of glutamate release from the carbon matrix at a potential of 0–1.5 V. This study showed that a burst release of glutamate was evident at an applied voltage higher than 0.5 V. Ultimately, the MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) test for cytotoxicity indicated a cell viability of more than 80% for the carbon matrix. This test demonstrates that the carbon matrix can support the proliferation of cells and has a nontoxic composition; thus, it could be accepted as a candidate material for use as neural implants.
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Lin F, Li R, Tu WJ, Chen Y, Wang K, Chen X, Zhao J. An Update on Antioxidative Stress Therapy Research for Early Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:772036. [PMID: 34938172 PMCID: PMC8686680 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.772036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The main reasons for disability and death in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) may be early brain injury (EBI) and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). Despite studies reporting and progressing when DCI is well-treated clinically, the prognosis is not well-improved. According to the present situation, we regard EBI as the main target of future studies, and one of the key phenotype-oxidative stresses may be called for attention in EBI after laboratory subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We summarized the research progress and updated the literature that has been published about the relationship between experimental and clinical SAH-induced EBI and oxidative stress (OS) in PubMed from January 2016 to June 2021. Many signaling pathways are related to the mechanism of OS in EBI after SAH. Several antioxidative stress drugs were studied and showed a protective response against EBI after SAH. The systematical study of antioxidative stress in EBI after laboratory and clinical SAH may supply us with new therapies about SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Runting Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Jun Tu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,The General Office of Stroke Prevention Project Committee, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Jizong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Benameur T, Soleti R, Panaro MA, La Torre ME, Monda V, Messina G, Porro C. Curcumin as Prospective Anti-Aging Natural Compound: Focus on Brain. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164794. [PMID: 34443381 PMCID: PMC8398038 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The nutrients and their potential benefits are a new field of study in modern medicine for their positive impact on health. Curcumin, the yellow polyphenolic compound extracted from Curcuma longa species, is widely used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine to prevent and contrast many diseases, considering its antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, cardio-protective, nephron-protective, hepato-protective, anti-neoplastic, and anti-rheumatic proprieties. In recent years, the investigations of curcumin have been focused on its application to aging and age-associated diseases. Aging is a physiological process in which there is a decreasing of cellular function due to internal or external stimuli. Oxidative stress is one of the most important causes of aging and age-related diseases. Moreover, many age-related disorders such as cancer, neuroinflammation, and infections are due to a low-grade chronic systemic inflammation. Curcumin acting on different proteins is able to contrast both oxidative stress than inflammation. In the brain, curcumin is able to modulate inflammation induced by microglia. Finally in brain tumors curcumin is able to reduce tumor growth by inhibition of telomerase activity. This review emphasizes the anti-aging role of curcumin focusing on its mechanism to counteract aging in the brain. Moreover, new formulations to increase the bioavailability of curcumin are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Benameur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Raffaella Soleti
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, Inserm, CRCINA, SFR ICAT, F-49800 Angers, France;
| | - Maria Antonietta Panaro
- Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, Department of Biosciences, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Maria Ester La Torre
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy; (M.E.L.T.); (V.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Monda
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy; (M.E.L.T.); (V.M.); (G.M.)
- Unit of Dietetic and Sport Medicine, Section of Human Physiology, Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, 81100 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Messina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy; (M.E.L.T.); (V.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Chiara Porro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy; (M.E.L.T.); (V.M.); (G.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Miao C, Chen H, Li Y, Guo Y, Xu F, Chen Q, Zhang Y, Hu M, Chen G. Curcumin and its analog alleviate diabetes-induced damages by regulating inflammation and oxidative stress in brain of diabetic rats. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:21. [PMID: 33602334 PMCID: PMC7891034 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00638-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic encephalopathy is a severe diabetes complication with cognitive dysfunction and neuropsychiatric disability. The mechanisms underlying diabetic encephalopathy is believed to be relevant with oxidative stress, vascular amylin deposition, immune receptors, inflammation, etc. This study wanted to evaluate the ability of curcumin and its analog A13 to alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetes-induced damages in brain. METHODS Sixty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups: normal control (NC) group, diabetes mellitus (DM) group, curcumin-treated diabetes mellitus (CUR) group, high dose of A13-treated diabetes mellitus (HA) group, low dose of A13-treated diabetes mellitus (LA) group. Activation of the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB p65) pathway was detected by RT-qPCR, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and Western blot; oxidative stress was detected by biochemical detection kit; brain tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Myelin staining. RESULTS RT-qPCR, IHC staining and Western blot showed that curcumin and A13 treatment could inhibit the NF-κB p65 pathway. Curcumin and A13 increased the activity of superoxide dismutase and decreased the malondialdehyde level in the brain of diabetic rats. Furthermore, HE staining and Myelin staining demonstrated that the histological lesions of the brain in diabetic rats could be significantly ameliorated by curcumin and A13. CONCLUSION Curcumin analog A13 could alleviate the damages in the brain of diabetes rats by regulating the pathways of inflammation and oxidative stress. A13 may be a new potential therapeutic agent for diabetic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfeng Miao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Hanbin Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yulian Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Feifei Xu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Mengjun Hu
- Department of Pathology, Zhuji People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Guorong Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
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He L, Wang X, Cheng D, Xiong Z, Liu X. Ginsenoside Rg1 improves pathological damages by activating the p21‑p53‑STK pathway in ovary and Bax‑Bcl2 in the uterus in premature ovarian insufficiency mouse models. Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:37. [PMID: 33179093 PMCID: PMC7684879 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of the ginsenoside Rg1 on D-galactose (D-gal)-induced mouse models of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and the related mechanisms. C57BL/6 female mice were randomly grouped into the following: i) D-gal [subcutaneously (s.c.) 200 mg/kg/d D-gal for 42 days]; ii) Rg1 [intraperitoneally (i.p.) 20 mg/kg/d Rg1 for 28 days]; iii) D-gal + Rg1 (s.c. 200 mg/kg/d D-gal for 42 days followed by i.p. 20 mg/kg/d Rg1 for 28 days); and iv) saline groups (equivalent volume of saline s.c. and i.p.). Hematoxylin and eosin staining and electron microscopy were used to analyze uterine and ovarian morphology. Expression levels of senescence factors (p21, p53 and serine/threonine kinase), secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β] and the activities of oxidation biomarkers [superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px)] were analyzed. The results showed that mice in the Rg1 + D-gal group had significantly higher uterine and ovarian weight compared with those in the D-gal group. Uterus morphology was also improved, based on the comparison between the D-gal group and the Rg1 + D-gal group. In addition, the Rg1 treatment after D-gal administration significantly decreased the expression of senescence-associated factors, enhanced the activities of anti-oxidant enzymes total T-SOD and GSH-px in addition to reducing TNF-α, IL-1β, MDA and IL-6 (based on the comparison between the D-gal group and the Rg1 + D-gal group). In conclusion, the present study suggested that the ginsenoside Rg1 improved pathological damages in the ovary and uterus by increasing anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory abilities whilst reducing the expression of senescence signaling pathways in POI mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianli He
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First People's Hospital of Zunyi and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First People's Hospital of Zunyi and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Daigang Cheng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First People's Hospital of Zunyi and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Zhengai Xiong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First People's Hospital of Zunyi and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
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Exercise and Curcumin in Combination Improves Cognitive Function and Attenuates ER Stress in Diabetic Rats. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051309. [PMID: 32375323 PMCID: PMC7284733 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease associated with chronic low-grade inflammation that is mainly associated with lifestyles. Exercise and healthy diet are known to be beneficial for adults with T2DM in terms of maintaining blood glucose control and overall health. We investigated whether a combination of exercise and curcumin supplementation ameliorates diabetes-related cognitive distress by regulating inflammatory response and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. This study was performed using male Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats (a spontaneous diabetes Type 2 model) and Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats (LETO controls) by providing them with exercise alone or exercise and curcumin in combination. OLETF rats were fed either a diet of chow (as OLETF controls) or a diet of chow containing curcumin (5 g/kg diet) for five weeks. OLETF rats exercised with curcumin supplementation exhibited weight loss and improved glucose homeostasis and lipid profiles as compared with OLETF controls or exercised OLETF rats. Next, we examined cognitive functions using a Morris water maze test. Exercise plus curcumin improved escape latency and memory retention compared to OLETF controls. Furthermore, OLETF rats exercised and fed curcumin had lower IL6, TNFα, and IL10 levels (indicators of inflammatory response) and lower levels of ER stress markers (BiP and CHOP) in the intestine than OLETF controls. These observations suggest exercise plus curcumin may offer a means of treating diabetes-related cognitive dysfunction.
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Aguilar-Hernández L, Gómez-Villalobos MDJ, Flores G. Cerebrolysin ameliorates prefrontal cortex and hippocampus neural atrophy of spontaneous hypertensive rats with hyperglycemia. Synapse 2020; 74:e22156. [PMID: 32232874 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia of diabetes mellitus causes damage at the vascular level, which at the renal level represents diabetic nephropathy. In this pathology, there is arterial hypertension. In addition, several reports suggest that hyperglycemia and arterial hypertension affect interneuronal communication at the level of dendritic morphology. We studied these changes in an animal model with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in the spontaneous hypertensive (SH) rat. Recent reports from our laboratory have demonstrated that cerebrolysin (CBL), a preparation of neuropeptides with protective and repairing properties, reduces dendritic deterioration in both pathologies, in separate studies. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of CBL using the animal model with hyperglycemia and arterial hypertension and assessed the dendritic morphology using a Golgi-Cox staining procedure. Our results suggest that CBL ameliorated the reduction in the number of dendritic spines in the PFC and hippocampus caused by hyperglycemia in the SH rat. In addition, CBL also increased distal dendritic length in the PFC and hippocampus in hyperglycemic SH rats. Consequently, the CBL could be a therapeutic tool used to reduce the damage at the level of dendritic communication present in both pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Aguilar-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Maria de Jesús Gómez-Villalobos
- Laboratorio de Investigación Cardiovascular, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Flores
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
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The Therapeutic Effect of Curcumin in Quinolinic Acid-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats is Associated with BDNF, ERK1/2, Nrf2, and Antioxidant Enzymes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8090388. [PMID: 31514267 PMCID: PMC6769626 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study we investigated the participation of brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) on the activation of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) protein extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2) as a mechanism of curcumin (CUR) to provide an antioxidant defense system mediated by the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the neurotoxic model induced by quinolinic acid (QUIN). Wistar rats received CUR (400 mg/kg, intragastrically) for 6 days after intrastriatal injection with QUIN (240 nmol). CUR improved the motor deficit and morphological alterations induced by QUIN and restored BDNF, ERK1/2, and Nrf2 levels. CUR treatment avoided the decrease in the protein levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), γ-glutamylcysteine ligase (γ-GCL), and glutathione (GSH) levels. Only, the QUIN-induced decrease in the GR activity was prevented by CUR treatment. Finally, QUIN increased superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and catalase (CAT) levels, and the γGCL and CAT activities; however, this increase was major in the QUIN+CUR group for γ-GCL, CAT, and SOD activities. These data suggest that the therapeutic effect of CUR could involve BDNF action on the activation of ERK1/2 to induce increased levels of protein and enzyme activity of antioxidant proteins regulated by Nrf2 and GSH levels.
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12
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Cai J, Xu D, Bai X, Pan R, Wang B, Sun S, Chen R, Sun J, Huang Y. Curcumin mitigates cerebral vasospasm and early brain injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage via inhibiting cerebral inflammation. Brain Behav 2017; 7:e00790. [PMID: 28948084 PMCID: PMC5607553 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-induced cerebral vasospasm and early brain injury is a fatal clinical syndrome. Cerebral vasospasm and early brain injury are associated with inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Whether curcumin, which plays important roles to regulate inflammatory cytokines and inhibit oxidative stress, inhibits SAH-induced inflammation and oxidative stress are largely unknown. METHODS Adult male rats underwent autologous blood injection into prechiasmatic cistern to induce SAH. Curcumin (150 mg/kg) was administered at 0.5, 24 and 48 hr post-SAH. Mortality calculation and neurological outcomes as well as morphological vasospasm of anterior cerebral artery were studied. Superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation, and inflammatory cytokines (MCP-1 and TNF-α) expression in prefrontal region were quantified. Furthermore, p65 and phosphor-p65 were quantitatively analyzed. RESULTS Curcumin remarkedly reduced mortality and ameliorated neurological deficits after SAH induction (p < .05); morphological results showed that cerebral vasospasm in curcumin-treated group was mitigated (p < .05). SAH-induced MCP-1 and TNF-α overexpression were inhibited in curcumin-treated group (p < .05). Importantly, phosphor-p65 was significantly inhibited after curcumin treatment (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Curcumin can inhibit SAH-induced inflammatory response via restricting NF-κB activation to alleviate cerebral vasospasm and early brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cai
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Encephalopathy Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou China.,Department of Neurosurgery Hospital of Guangzhou University Mega Center Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Dandan Xu
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Encephalopathy Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Xiaoxin Bai
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Encephalopathy Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou China.,Department of Neurosurgery Hospital of Guangzhou University Mega Center Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Ruihuan Pan
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Encephalopathy Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou China.,Department of Rehabilitation Hospital of Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Bei Wang
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Encephalopathy Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Shuangxi Sun
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Encephalopathy Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou China.,Department of Neurosurgery Hospital of Guangzhou University Mega Center Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Ruicong Chen
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Encephalopathy Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou China.,Department of Neurosurgery Hospital of Guangzhou University Mega Center Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Jingbo Sun
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Encephalopathy Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Yan Huang
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Encephalopathy Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou China
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