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Zheng Q, Liu H, Gao Y, Cao G, Wang Y, Li Z. Ameliorating Mitochondrial Dysfunction for the Therapy of Parkinson's Disease. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2311571. [PMID: 38385823 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is currently the second most incurable central neurodegenerative disease resulting from various pathogenesis. As the "energy factory" of cells, mitochondria play an extremely important role in supporting neuronal signal transmission and other physiological activities. Mitochondrial dysfunction can cause and accelerate the occurrence and progression of PD. How to effectively prevent and suppress mitochondrial disorders is a key strategy for the treatment of PD from the root. Therefore, the emerging mitochondria-targeted therapy has attracted considerable interest. Herein, the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and PD, the causes and results of mitochondrial dysfunction, and major strategies for ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction to treat PD are systematically reviewed. The study also prospects the main challenges for the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zheng
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Hanghang Liu
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development and College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Yifan Gao
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Guozhi Cao
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yusong Wang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
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Rakshe PS, Dutta BJ, Chib S, Maurya N, Singh S. Unveiling the interplay of AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α axis in brain health: Promising targets against aging and NDDs. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 96:102255. [PMID: 38490497 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The escalating prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) within an aging global population presents a pressing challenge. The multifaceted pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these disorders, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation, remain complex and elusive. Among these, the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway emerges as a pivotal network implicated in neuroprotection against these destructive processes. This review sheds light on the potential therapeutic implications of targeting this axis, specifically emphasizing the promising role of flavonoids in mitigating NDD-related complications. Expanding beyond conventional pharmacological approaches, the exploration of non-pharmacological interventions such as exercise and calorie restriction (CR), coupled with the investigation of natural compounds, offers a beacon of hope. By strategically elucidating the intricate connections within these pathways, this review aims to pave the ways for novel multi-target agents and interventions, fostering a renewed optimism in the quest to combat and manage the debilitating impacts of NDDs on global health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Shankar Rakshe
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotion Industrial Park (EPIP), Zandaha Road, Hajipur, Bihar, India
| | - Bhaskar Jyoti Dutta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotion Industrial Park (EPIP), Zandaha Road, Hajipur, Bihar, India
| | - Shivani Chib
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Badal - Bathinda Rd, Ghudda, Punjab, India
| | - Niyogita Maurya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotion Industrial Park (EPIP), Zandaha Road, Hajipur, Bihar, India
| | - Sanjiv Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotion Industrial Park (EPIP), Zandaha Road, Hajipur, Bihar, India.
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Chen LH, Sun SY, Li G, Gao X, Luo W, Tian H, Zhang X, Yin X, Liu Z, Chen GC, Xu G, Liu T, Li FR. Physical activity and sleep pattern in relation to incident Parkinson's disease: a cohort study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:17. [PMID: 38355565 PMCID: PMC10867998 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01568-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND How physical activity (PA) and different sleep traits and overall sleep pattern interact in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD) remain unknown. OBJECTIVE To prospectively investigate the joint associations of PA and sleep pattern with risk of PD. METHODS Included were 339,666 PD-free participants from the UK Biobank. Baseline PA levels were grouped into low (< 600 MET-mins/week), medium (600 to < 3000 MET-mins/week) and high (≥ 3000 MET-mins/week) according to the instructions of the UK Biobank. Healthy sleep traits (chronotype, sleep duration, insomnia, snoring, and daytime sleepiness) were scored from 0 to 5 and were categorized into "ideal sleep pattern" (≥ 3 sleep scores) and "poor sleep pattern" (0-2 sleep scores). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of PD were estimated by Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS During a median of 11.8 years of follow-up, 1,966 PD events were identified. The PD risk was lower in participants with high PA (HR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.64, 0.84), compared to those with low PA; and participants with ideal sleep pattern also had a lower risk of PD (HR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.69, 0.87), compared to those with poor sleep pattern. When jointly investigating the combined effect, participants with both high PA and ideal sleep pattern had the lowest risk of incident PD (HR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.69), compared to those with low PA and poor sleep pattern; notably, participants with high PA but poor sleep pattern also gained benefit on PD risk reduction (HR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.55, 0.99). CONCLUSIONS Both high PA and ideal sleep pattern were independently associated with lower risk of developing PD, and those with both high PA level and ideal sleep pattern had the lowest risk. Our results suggest that improving PA levels and sleep quality may be promising intervention targets for the prevention of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hua Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Chongchuan District, 226019, Nantong, China
| | - Shi-Yu Sun
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Chongchuan District, 226019, Nantong, China
| | - Guijie Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 16801, State College, PA, USA
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weifeng Luo
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Haili Tian
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuanhao Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xi Yin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ziwei Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Guo-Chong Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guangfei Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Chongchuan District, 226019, Nantong, China.
| | - Fu-Rong Li
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Avenue, Fuguang community, Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, China.
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Xue J, Tao K, Wang W, Wang X. What Can Inflammation Tell Us about Therapeutic Strategies for Parkinson's Disease? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1641. [PMID: 38338925 PMCID: PMC10855787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder with a complicated etiology and pathogenesis. α-Synuclein aggregation, dopaminergic (DA) neuron loss, mitochondrial injury, oxidative stress, and inflammation are involved in the process of PD. Neuroinflammation has been recognized as a key element in the initiation and progression of PD. In this review, we summarize the inflammatory response and pathogenic mechanisms of PD. Additionally, we describe the potential anti-inflammatory therapies, including nod-like receptor pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome inhibition, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) inhibition, microglia inhibition, astrocyte inhibition, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase inhibition, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist, targeting the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, targeting the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent pathway, targeting α-synuclein, targeting miRNA, acupuncture, and exercise. The review focuses on inflammation and will help in designing new prevention strategies for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Xue
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China; (K.T.); (W.W.)
| | | | | | - Xiaofei Wang
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China; (K.T.); (W.W.)
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Alarcón TA, Presti-Silva SM, Simões APT, Ribeiro FM, Pires RGW. Molecular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotection of environmental enrichment in Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:1450-1456. [PMID: 36571341 PMCID: PMC10075132 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.360264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is the most common movement disorder, affecting about 1% of the population over the age of 60 years. Parkinson's disease is characterized clinically by resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity and postural instability, as a result of the progressive loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. In addition to this neuronal cell loss, Parkinson's disease is characterized by the accumulation of intracellular protein aggregates, Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites, composed primarily of the protein α-synuclein. Although it was first described almost 200 years ago, there are no disease-modifying drugs to treat patients with Parkinson's disease. In addition to conventional therapies, non-pharmacological treatment strategies are under investigation in patients and animal models of neurodegenerative disorders. Among such strategies, environmental enrichment, comprising physical exercise, cognitive stimulus, and social interactions, has been assessed in preclinical models of Parkinson's disease. Environmental enrichment can cause structural and functional changes in the brain and promote neurogenesis and dendritic growth by modifying gene expression, enhancing the expression of neurotrophic factors and modulating neurotransmission. In this review article, we focus on the current knowledge about the molecular mechanisms underlying environmental enrichment neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease, highlighting its influence on the dopaminergic, cholinergic, glutamatergic and GABAergic systems, as well as the involvement of neurotrophic factors. We describe experimental pre-clinical data showing how environmental enrichment can act as a modulator in a neurochemical and behavioral context in different animal models of Parkinson's disease, highlighting the potential of environmental enrichment as an additional strategy in the management and prevention of this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Andrea Alarcón
- Department of Physiological Sciences; Laboratory of Molecular and Behavioral Neurobiology, Health Science Center, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Sarah Martins Presti-Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular and Behavioral Neurobiology, Health Science Center, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria; Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute o Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Toniato Simões
- Department of Physiological Sciences; Laboratory of Molecular and Behavioral Neurobiology, Health Science Center, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Fabiola Mara Ribeiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute o Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rita Gomes Wanderley Pires
- Department of Physiological Sciences; Laboratory of Molecular and Behavioral Neurobiology, Health Science Center, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
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Goenawan H, Kiasati S, Sylviana N, Megantara I, Lesmana R. Exercise-Induced Autophagy Ameliorates Motor Symptoms Progressivity in Parkinson's Disease Through Alpha-Synuclein Degradation: A Review. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:1253-1262. [PMID: 37255530 PMCID: PMC10226548 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s401416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study reviews the molecular mechanism of exercise-induced autophagy/mitophagy and its possible mechanism in delaying motor symptoms progressivity in Parkinson's disease (PD). Relevant articles obtained from PubMed and EBSCOhost were reviewed. After analyzing the articles, it was found that autophagy can be induced by exercise and can possibly be activated through the AMPK-ULK1 pathway. Mitophagy can also be induced by exercise and can possibly be activated through PINK1/Parkin pathway and AMPK-dependent pathway. Moreover, exercise-induced autophagy can decrease the accumulation of toxic α-synuclein aggregates in PD and therefore can delay motor symptoms progressivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Goenawan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Shabrina Kiasati
- Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Nova Sylviana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Imam Megantara
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ronny Lesmana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
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Li J, Xu Y, Liu T, Xu Y, Zhao X, Wei J. The Role of Exercise in Maintaining Mitochondrial Proteostasis in Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097994. [PMID: 37175699 PMCID: PMC10179072 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disease and has serious health and socio-economic consequences. Mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to the onset and progression of PD, and the use of mitochondria as a target for PD therapy has been gaining traction in terms of both recognition and application. The disruption of mitochondrial proteostasis in the brain tissue of PD patients leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, which manifests as mitochondrial unfolded protein response, mitophagy, and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Physical exercise is important for the maintenance of human health, and has the great advantage of being a non-pharmacological therapy that is non-toxic, low-cost, and universally applicable. In this review, we investigate the relationships between exercise, mitochondrial proteostasis, and PD and explore the role and mechanisms of mitochondrial proteostasis in delaying PD through exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Li
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yanli Xu
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yuxiang Xu
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xiantao Zhao
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jianshe Wei
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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di Cagno A, Buonsenso A, Centorbi M, Manni L, Di Costanzo A, Casazza G, Parisi A, Guerra G, Calcagno G, Iuliano E, Soligo M, Fiorilli G. Whole body-electromyostimulation effects on serum biomarkers, physical performances and fatigue in Parkinson's patients: A randomized controlled trial. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1086487. [PMID: 36845654 PMCID: PMC9949720 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1086487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) was never previously applied to Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. This randomized controlled study aimed to find the most effective and safe WB-EMS training protocol for this population. Methods Twenty-four subjects (age: 72.13 ± 6.20 years), were randomly assigned to three groups: a high-frequency WB-EMS strength training group (HFG) (rectangular stimulation at 85 Hz, 350 μs, 4 s stimulation/4 s rest), a low-frequency WB-EMS aerobic training group (LFG) (rectangular stimulation 7 Hz, 350 μs, with a continuous pulse duration), and an inactive control group (CG). Participants of the two experimental groups underwent 24 controlled WB-EMS training sessions, with a duration of 20 min each, during 12-week intervention. Serum growth factors (BDNF, FGF-21, NGF and proNGF), α-synuclein, physical performance and Parkinson's Disease Fatigue Scale (PFS-16) responses were analyzed to evaluate the pre-post variation and differences among groups. Results Significant interactions of Time*Groups were detected for BDNF (Time*Groups p = 0.024; Time*CG, b = -628, IC95% = -1,082/-174, p = 0.008), FGF-21 (Time*Groups p = 0.009; Time*LFG b = 1,346, IC95% = 423/2268, p = 0.005), and α-synuclein (Time*Groups p = 0.019; Time*LFG b = -1,572, IC95% = -2,952/-192, p = 0.026). Post hoc analyses and comparisons of ΔS (post-pre), performed independently for each group, showed that LFG increased serum BDNF levels (+ 203 pg/ml) and decreased α-synuclein levels (-1,703 pg/ml), while HFG showed the opposite effects (BDNF: -500 pg/ml; α-synuclein: + 1,413 pg/ml). CG showed a significant BDNF reduction over time. Both LFG and HFG showed significant improvements in several physical performance outcomes and the LFG showed better results than HFG. Concerning PFS-16, significant differences over time (b = -0.4, IC95% = -0.8/-0.0, p = 0.046) and among groups (among all groups p < 0.001) were found, and the LFG exhibited better results than the HFG (b = -1.0, IC95% = -1.3/-0.7, p < 0.001), and CG (b = -1.7, IC95% = -2.0/-1.4, p < 0.001) with this last one that worsened over time. Conclusion LFG training was the best choice for improving or maintaining physical performance, fatigue perception and variation in serum biomarkers. Clinical trial registration https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04878679, identifier NCT04878679.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra di Cagno
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Buonsenso
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Marco Centorbi
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Luigi Manni
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology and Cellular Biology and Neurobiology Institute (CNR), National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Alfonso Di Costanzo
- Centre for Research and Training in Medicine of Aging, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giusy Casazza
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Attilio Parisi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Rome, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Calcagno
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Enzo Iuliano
- Faculty of Psychology, eCampus University, Novedrate, Italy,*Correspondence: Enzo Iuliano,
| | - Marzia Soligo
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology and Cellular Biology and Neurobiology Institute (CNR), National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy,Marzia Soligo,
| | - Giovanni Fiorilli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
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Wu CC, Xiong HY, Zheng JJ, Wang XQ. Dance movement therapy for neurodegenerative diseases: A systematic review. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:975711. [PMID: 36004000 PMCID: PMC9394857 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.975711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe proportion of the world's elderly population continues to rise, and the treatment and improvement of neurodegenerative diseases have become issue of public health importance as people live longer and many countries have aging populations. This systematic review aims to discuss the effects of dance movement therapy (DMT) on motor function, cognitive deficit, mood, and quality of life in people with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsTwo reviewers independently conducted systematic search on the Cochrane library, PubMed database, Web of Science Core Collection database, and Physiotherapy Evidence database until February 1, 2022. Only systematic analyses and randomized controlled trials were included and further analyzed.ResultsThirty-three studies on PD, 16 studies on MCI, 4 studies on AD were obtained. This systematic review found that DMT substantially improved the global cognitive function, memory, and executive function on the population with MCI. Compared with the non-dance group, DMT remarkably improved general disease condition, balance, and gait for individuals with PD. The evidence of the efficacy of DMT on AD is insufficient, and further research is needed.ConclusionDMT can effectively improve the motor function and cognitive deficits in neurodegenerative diseases. Positive effects of DMT on the mood and quality of life in ND patients are controversial and require further evidence. Future research on the effects of DMT on AD requires scientific design, large sample size, long-term comprehensive intervention, and clear reporting standards.Systematic review registrationwww.osf.io/wktez, identifier: 10.17605/OSF.IO/UYBKT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Cheng Wu
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan-Yu Xiong
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie-Jiao Zheng
- Huadong Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jie-Jiao Zheng
| | - Xue-Qiang Wang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Shangti Orthopaedic Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Xue-Qiang Wang
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Cui Z, Zhao X, Amevor FK, Du X, Wang Y, Li D, Shu G, Tian Y, Zhao X. Therapeutic application of quercetin in aging-related diseases: SIRT1 as a potential mechanism. Front Immunol 2022; 13:943321. [PMID: 35935939 PMCID: PMC9355713 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.943321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin, a naturally non-toxic flavonoid within the safe dose range with antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties, plays an important role in the treatment of aging-related diseases. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a member of NAD+-dependent deacetylase enzyme family, is extensively explored as a potential therapeutic target for attenuating aging-induced disorders. SIRT1 possess beneficial effects against aging-related diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD), Depression, Osteoporosis, Myocardial ischemia (M/I) and reperfusion (MI/R), Atherosclerosis (AS), and Diabetes. Previous studies have reported that aging increases tissue susceptibility, whereas, SIRT1 regulates cellular senescence and multiple aging-related cellular processes, including SIRT1/Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 and SIRTI/PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β mediated oxidative stress, SIRT1/NF-κB and SIRT1/NLRP3 regulated inflammatory response, SIRT1/PGC1α/eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP and SIRT1/PKD1/CREB controlled phosphorylation, SIRT1-PINK1-Parkin mediated mitochondrial damage, SIRT1/FoxO mediated autophagy, and SIRT1/FoxG1/CREB/BDNF/Trkβ-catenin mediated neuroprotective effects. In this review, we summarized the role of SIRT1 in the improvement of the attenuation effect of quercetin on aging-related diseases and the relationship between relevant signaling pathways regulated by SIRT1. Moreover, the functional regulation of quercetin in aging-related markers such as oxidative stress, inflammatory response, mitochondrial function, autophagy and apoptosis through SIRT1 was discussed. Finally, the prospects of an extracellular vesicles (EVs) as quercetin loading and delivery, and SIRT1-mediated EVs as signal carriers for treating aging-related diseases, as well as discussed the ferroptosis alleviation effects of quercetin to protect against aging-related disease via activating SIRT1. Generally, SIRT1 may serve as a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of aging-related diseases via inhibiting oxidative stress, reducing inflammatory responses, and restoring mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifu Cui
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingtao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Felix Kwame Amevor
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaxia Du
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Diyan Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Shu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaofu Tian
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoling Zhao,
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11
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Shafiei A, Haghighi AH, Askari R, Keyhani A, Nabavizadeh MS, Asadi-Shekaari M. Effects of Moderate-Intensity Interval Training on Gene Expression and Antioxidant Status in the Hippocampus of Methamphetamine-Dependent Rats. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:1455-1463. [PMID: 35781220 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00532-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) can cause neurotoxicity and increase the risk of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effect of moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT) on gene expression and antioxidant status of the hippocampus of METH-dependent rats. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal groups (n = 8): saline, METH, MIIT, and METH + MIIT. METH was injected intraperitoneally at 5 mg/kg for 21 days. The MIIT(interval running) was performed on the treadmill 5 days a week for 8 weeks. Morris water maze test was performed to measure learning and memory. Then, the hippocampal tissue was extracted to evaluate changes in gene expression and biochemical enzymes. The data were analyzed using one-way and two-way ANOVA methods at p < 0.05. The results showed that METH injection significantly reduced spatial memory and antioxidant enzymes and increased the expression of α-synuclein (α-syn), cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), tau, and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) genes compared to the saline group. MIIT significantly increased spatial memory and antioxidant enzymes. However, it reduced α-syn, CDK5, tau, and p-tau expression. Thus, this study depicted that methamphetamine-dependent rats with memory deficits have lower antioxidant enzyme levels and higher expression of α-syn, CDK5, tau, and p-tau genes, and that an 8-week MIIT may have beneficial effects on the memory impairments as well as antioxidant status and gene expression in male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahad Shafiei
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Haghighi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Roya Askari
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Alireza Keyhani
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Majid Asadi-Shekaari
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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12
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Neurogenic effects of rotarod walking exercise in subventricular zone, subgranular zone, and substantia nigra in MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10544. [PMID: 35732806 PMCID: PMC9217938 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14823-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease, and its incidence is predicted to increase worldwide. Striatal dopamine depletion caused by substantia nigra (SN) degeneration is a pathological hallmark of PD and is strongly associated with cardinal motor and non-motor symptoms. Previous studies have reported that exercise increases neuroplasticity and promotes neurorestoration by increasing neurotrophic factors and synaptic strength and stimulating neurogenesis in PD. In the present study, we found that rotarod walking exercise, a modality of motor skill learning training, improved locomotor disturbances and reduced nigrostriatal degeneration in the subacute 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of PD. In addition, our exercise regimen improved MPTP-induced perturbation of adult neurogenesis in some areas of the brain, including the subventricular zone, subgranular zone, SN, and striatum. Moreover, rotarod walking activated the phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and induced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in these regions. The results suggest that motor skill learning training using rotarod walking improves adult neurogenesis and restores motor performance by modulating the AMPK/BDNF pathway. Therefore, our findings provide evidence for neuroprotective effects and improved neuroplasticity in PD through motor skill learning training.
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13
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Aziz SGG, Pourheydar B, Chodari L, Hamidifar F. Effect of exercise and curcumin on cardiomyocyte molecular mediators associated with oxidative stress and autophagy in aged male rats. Microvasc Res 2022; 143:104380. [PMID: 35597271 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2022.104380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM Aging can origin changes in the heart that may increase risk of developing cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to characterize autophagy alterations and related molecular mediators in the heart tissue in the aging alone or in combination with exercise and curcumin treatment. METHODS Seven young and twenty-eight elderly male Wistar rats were assigned into five groups, namely: young control, age, exercise, curcumin, and curcumin+exercise. Aged rats in exercise group run on treadmill (17 m/min) and in the curcumin group received curcumin (50 mg/kg) by gavage daily for 8 weeks for 2 months. At the end, heart samples were collected and used for determination of autophagy by immunostaining for LC3-phosphatidylethanolamine conjugate (LC3-II), apoptosis by TUNEL assay, Malondialdehyde (MDA) level by enzymatic assay and determination of mediators' molecules by ELISA for NADPH Oxidase 4 (NOX4), sirtuin 1 (SIRT-1), phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (p-NF-Ƙb) protein levels and Sequestosome-1 (P62). Also, histological changes such as fibrosis evaluated by Masson trichrome staining. RESULTS Our results showed that autophagy, SIRT-1 level were significantly decreased and MDA, NOX4, p-NF-Ƙb and P62 levels were significantly increased in heart of aged group compared to young group. Also, significant increased apoptosis and fibrosis levels in the heart of aged rats were observed compared with young rats, whereas, these undesirable changes were improved by exercise and curcumin. Also, combination therapy of aged rats with curcumin and exercise showed more significant prominent effect on molecular mediators and histological changes in the heart compared with monotherapy. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that stress oxidative increase and autophagy decrease in the heart tissue of aged rats. The age induced the mentioned changes in the heart may in part be associated with down-expression of SIRT-1 and overexpression of NOX4 proteins. It was also showed that these age induced effects can be alleviated by treatment with exercise and curcumin. Since NF-Ƙb increased in both the age and treatment groups, it seems the age heart increased NF-Ƙb to be due to a compensatory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bagher Pourheydar
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of anatomical sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Leila Chodari
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Farhad Hamidifar
- Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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14
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Wang Z, Zheng R, Wang X, Huang X, Huang J, Gu C, He Y, Wu S, Chen J, Yang Q, Qiu P. Aerobic Exercise Improves Methamphetamine-Induced Olfactory Dysfunction Through α-Synuclein Intervention in Male Mice. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:884790. [PMID: 35586307 PMCID: PMC9108672 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.884790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (Meth) is a predominantly abused neurostimulant, and its abuse is often associated with multiple neurological symptoms. Olfaction, the sense of smell, is a highly neurotransmission-dependent physiological process; however, the effect of Meth on olfactory function and its underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study aimed to explore the impact of Meth abuse on the olfactory system and the potential mechanisms. Chronic Meth abuse was induced by daily administration of Meth in male mice for 4 weeks, and we then systematically examined olfactory performance. Behavioral tests found that Meth-treated animals showed increased olfactory threshold, decreased olfactory sensitivity, reduced olfactory-dependent discrimination, and difficulty in seeking buried food. Notably, the increased deposition of α-synuclein (α-syn) in the olfactory bulb was detected. Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated α-syn intervention therapy in the olfactory bulb significantly alleviated Meth-induced olfactory function impairment, and 8 weeks of aerobic exercise showed similar effects through the same principle of α-syn intervention. Notably, exercise-mediated reduction of α-syn inhibited abnormal firing activity and restored the inhibitory synaptic regulation of mitral cells in the olfactory bulb. These findings suggest the involvement of α-syn in the pathogenic mechanisms of Meth-induced olfactory dysfunction and shed light on the possible therapeutic applications of aerobic exercise in Meth-induced olfactory dysfunction.
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15
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Apoptosis-Inducing Factor Deficiency Induces Tissue-Specific Alterations in Autophagy: Insights from a Preclinical Model of Mitochondrial Disease and Exercise Training Effects. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030510. [PMID: 35326160 PMCID: PMC8944439 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the effects of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) deficiency, as well as those of an exercise training intervention on autophagy across tissues (heart, skeletal muscle, cerebellum and brain), that are primarily affected by mitochondrial diseases, using a preclinical model of these conditions, the Harlequin (Hq) mouse. Autophagy markers were analyzed in: (i) 2, 3 and 6 month-old male wild-type (WT) and Hq mice, and (ii) WT and Hq male mice that were allocated to an exercise training or sedentary group. The exercise training started upon onset of the first symptoms of ataxia in Hq mice and lasted for 8 weeks. Higher content of autophagy markers and free amino acids, and lower levels of sarcomeric proteins were found in the skeletal muscle and heart of Hq mice, suggesting increased protein catabolism. Leupeptin-treatment demonstrated normal autophagic flux in the Hq heart and the absence of mitophagy. In the cerebellum and brain, a lower abundance of Beclin 1 and ATG16L was detected, whereas higher levels of the autophagy substrate p62 and LAMP1 levels were observed in the cerebellum. The exercise intervention did not counteract the autophagy alterations found in any of the analyzed tissues. In conclusion, AIF deficiency induces tissue-specific alteration of autophagy in the Hq mouse, with accumulation of autophagy markers and free amino acids in the heart and skeletal muscle, but lower levels of autophagy-related proteins in the cerebellum and brain. Exercise intervention, at least if starting when muscle atrophy and neurological symptoms are already present, is not sufficient to mitigate autophagy perturbations.
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16
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Mohamad KA, El-Naga RN, Wahdan SA. Neuroprotective effects of indole-3-carbinol on the rotenone rat model of Parkinson's disease: Impact of the SIRT1-AMPK signaling pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 435:115853. [PMID: 34973289 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Although mounting studies have been conducted, no effective therapy is available to halt its progression. Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) is a naturally occurring compound obtained by β-thioglucosidase-mediated autolysis of glucobrassicin in cruciferous vegetables. Besides its powerful antioxidant activity, I3C has shown neuroprotection against depression and chemically induced neurotoxicity via its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of I3C against rotenone (ROT)-induced PD in male albino rats. The possible protective mechanisms were also explored. PD was induced by subcutaneous administration of ROT (2 mg/kg) for 28 days. The effects of I3C (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg/day) were assessed by catalepsy test (bar test), spontaneous locomotor activity, rotarod test, weight change, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression, α-synuclein (α-Syn) expression, striatal dopamine (DA) content, and histological examination. The highest dose of I3C (100 mg/kg) was the most effective to prevent ROT-mediated motor dysfunctions and amend striatal DA decrease, weight loss, neurodegeneration, TH expression reduction, and α-Syn expression increase in both the midbrain and striatum. Further mechanistic investigations revealed that the neuroprotective effects of I3C are partially attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects and the activation of the sirtuin 1/AMP-activated protein kinase pathway. Altogether, these results suggested that I3C could attenuate biochemical, molecular, and functional changes in a rat PD model with following repeated rotenone exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid A Mohamad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Reem N El-Naga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sara A Wahdan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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17
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Xu H, Liu YY, Li LS, Liu YS. Sirtuins at the Crossroads between Mitochondrial Quality Control and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Structure, Regulation, Modifications, and Modulators. Aging Dis 2022; 14:794-824. [PMID: 37191431 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.1123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRT1-SIRT7), a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent enzymes, are key regulators of life span and metabolism. In addition to acting as deacetylates, some sirtuins have the properties of deacylase, decrotonylase, adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosyltransferase, lipoamidase, desuccinylase, demalonylase, deglutarylase, and demyristolyase. Mitochondrial dysfunction occurs early on and acts causally in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD). Sirtuins are implicated in the regulation of mitochondrial quality control, which is highly associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. There is growing evidence indicating that sirtuins are promising and well-documented molecular targets for the treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegenerative disorders by regulating mitochondrial quality control, including mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy, mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics, and mitochondrial unfolded protein responses (mtUPR). Therefore, elucidation of the molecular etiology of sirtuin-mediated mitochondrial quality control points to new prospects for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying sirtuin-mediated mitochondrial quality control remain obscure. In this review, we update and summarize the current understanding of the structure, function, and regulation of sirtuins with an emphasis on the cumulative and putative effects of sirtuins on mitochondrial biology and neurodegenerative diseases, particularly their roles in mitochondrial quality control. In addition, we outline the potential therapeutic applications for neurodegenerative diseases of targeting sirtuin-mediated mitochondrial quality control through exercise training, calorie restriction, and sirtuin modulators in neurodegenerative diseases.
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18
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Chu-Tan JA, Kirkby M, Natoli R. Running to save sight: The effects of exercise on retinal health and function. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 50:74-90. [PMID: 34741489 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The benefits of exercise to human health have long been recognised. However, only in the past decade have researchers started to discover the molecular benefits that exercise confers, especially to the central nervous system (CNS). These discoveries include the magnitude of molecular messages that are communicated from skeletal muscle to the CNS. Despite these advances in understanding, very limited studies have been conducted to decipher the molecular benefits of exercise in retinal health and disease. Here, we review the latest work on the effects of exercise on the retina and discuss its effects on the wider CNS, with a focus on demonstrating the potential applicability and comparative molecular mechanisms that may be occurring in the retina. This review covers the key molecular pathways where exercise exerts its effects: oxidative stress and mitochondrial health; inflammation; protein aggregation; neuronal health; and tissue crosstalk via extracellular vesicles. Further research on the benefits of exercise to the retina and its molecular messages within extracellular vesicles is highly topical in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Chu-Tan
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia.,The Australian National University Medical School, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Max Kirkby
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Riccardo Natoli
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia.,The Australian National University Medical School, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
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19
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Haque ME, Akther M, Azam S, Kim IS, Lin Y, Lee YH, Choi DK. Targeting α-synuclein aggregation and its role in mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:23-45. [PMID: 34528272 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lewy bodies that contain aggregated α-synuclein (α-syn) in the dopaminergic (DA) neuron are the main culprit behind neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD). Besides, mitochondrial dysfunction has a well established and prominent role in the pathogenesis of PD. However, the exact mechanism by which α-syn causes dopaminergic neuronal loss was unclear. Recent evidence suggests that aggregated α-syn localises in the mitochondria and contributes to oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis in neurons. Therefore, the involvement of aggregated α-syn in mitochondrial dysfunction-mediated neuronal loss has made it an emerging drug target for the treatment of PD. However, the exact mechanism by which α-syn permeabilises through the mitochondrial membrane and affects the electron transport chain remains under investigation. In the present study, we describe mitochondria-α-syn interactions and how α-syn aggregation modulates mitochondrial homeostasis in PD pathogenesis. We also discuss recent therapeutic interventions targeting α-syn aggregation that may help researchers to design novel therapeutic treatments for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ezazul Haque
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahbuba Akther
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Shofiul Azam
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Su Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease (RID), Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuxi Lin
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Chung Buk, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ho Lee
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Chung Buk, Republic of Korea.,Department of Bio-analytical Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Research Headquarters, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kug Choi
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease (RID), Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
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20
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Nhu NT, Cheng YJ, Lee SD. Effects of Treadmill Exercise on Neural Mitochondrial Functions in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1011. [PMID: 34440215 PMCID: PMC8394716 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic review sought to determine the effects of treadmill exercise on the neural mitochondrial respiratory deficiency and neural mitochondrial quality-control dysregulation in Parkinson's disease. PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases were searched through March 2020. The English-published animal studies that mentioned the effects of treadmill exercise on neural mitochondria in Parkinson's disease were included. The CAMARADES checklist was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies. Ten controlled trials were included (median CAMARADES score = 5.7/10) with various treadmill exercise durations (1-18 weeks). Seven studies analyzed the neural mitochondrial respiration, showing that treadmill training attenuated complex I deficits, cytochrome c release, ATP depletion, and complexes II-V abnormalities in Parkinson's disease. Nine studies analyzed the neural mitochondrial quality-control, reporting that treadmill exercise improved mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial fusion, and mitophagy in Parkinson's disease. The review findings supported the hypothesis that treadmill training could attenuate both neural mitochondrial respiratory deficiency and neural mitochondrial quality-control dysregulation in Parkinson's disease, suggesting that treadmill training might slow down the progression of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thanh Nhu
- Faculty of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho 94117, Vietnam;
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Jung Cheng
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan;
| | - Shin-Da Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan;
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
- Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
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21
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Schmidt MY, Chamoli M, Lithgow GJ, Andersen JK. Swimming exercise reduces native ⍺-synuclein protein species in a transgenic C. elegans model of Parkinson's disease. MICROPUBLICATION BIOLOGY 2021; 2021. [PMID: 34222835 PMCID: PMC8243224 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.000413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Exercise has been historically recommended to prevent many disease conditions. Intense exercise in particular, has been shown to be beneficial for Parkinson's disease (PD) - stopping and even reversing symptoms in some patients. Recent research in mammalian animal models of Parkinson's have shown that exercise affects ⍺-synuclein aggregate species, considered to be a hallmark of PD. However, the exact changes in native ⍺-synuclein protein species after exercise and the downstream effects of exercise upon the health of the animals remains unclear. Recently, it was shown that swimming constitutes a form of exercise in C. elegans worms that confers a protective effect in several worm models of tau and Huntington protein neurodegeneration. Here we show that a period of swimming exercise (Ex) - 15-20 mins - dramatically reduces several native human ⍺-synuclein protein species in the NL5901 C. elegans worm model of Parkinson's. Exercise on Day 1 of adulthood was found to improve motor function measured by the thrashing rate of worms on Day 2 and Day 4 when compared to both control (untreated) and food restricted (FR) worms. Moreover, exercised worms show smaller ⍺-synuclein::YFP puncta than food restricted worms. Here we show that exercise reduces native human ⍺-synuclein levels independent of food restriction in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna Y Schmidt
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging.,The University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology
| | | | - Gordon J Lithgow
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging.,The University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology
| | - Julie K Andersen
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging.,The University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology
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22
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Lee SYH, Yates NJ, Tye SJ. Inflammatory Mechanisms in Parkinson's Disease: From Pathogenesis to Targeted Therapies. Neuroscientist 2021; 28:485-506. [PMID: 33586516 DOI: 10.1177/1073858421992265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a critical factor contributing to the progressive neurodegenerative process observed in Parkinson's disease (PD). Microglia, the immune cells of the central nervous system, are activated early in PD pathogenesis and can both trigger and propagate early disease processes via innate and adaptive immune mechanisms such as upregulated immune cells and antibody-mediated inflammation. Downstream cytokines and gene regulators such as microRNA (miRNA) coordinate later disease course and mediate disease progression. Biomarkers signifying the inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes at play within the central nervous system are of increasing interest to clinical teams. To be effective, such biomarkers must achieve the highest sensitivity and specificity for predicting PD risk, confirming diagnosis, or monitoring disease severity. The aim of this review was to summarize the current preclinical and clinical evidence that suggests that inflammatory processes contribute to the initiation and progression of neurodegenerative processes in PD. In this article, we further summarize the data about main inflammatory biomarkers described in PD to date and their potential for regulation as a novel target for disease-modifying pharmacological strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stellina Y H Lee
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nathanael J Yates
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, Australia.,School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Susannah J Tye
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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23
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Zhang YM, Qu XY, Tao LN, Zhai JH, Gao H, Song YQ, Zhang SX. XingNaoJing injection ameliorates cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion injury via SIRT1-mediated inflammatory response inhibition. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:16-24. [PMID: 31854225 PMCID: PMC6968491 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2019.1698619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Context: XingNaoJing injection (XNJ), extracted from a traditional compound Chinese medicine Angong niuhuang pill, is well known for treating stroke in the clinic, but the specific effects and mechanisms remain unclear.Objective: We investigated the mechanistic basis for the protective effect of XNJ on cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.Materials and methods: Five groups of 10 SD rats underwent 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by 24 h reperfusion. XNJ at 10 and 15 mL/kg was intraperitoneally administered 24 h before ischaemia and at the onset of reperfusion respectively. The silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) inhibitor EX527 was intracerebroventricularly injected 0.5 h before reperfusion. Cerebral infarction size, neurological scores, morphological changes, and expression levels of inflammatory mediators and SIRT1 were measured. Furthermore, human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) were subjected to 3 h oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) followed by 24 h reoxygenation to mimic cerebral I/R in vitro. EX527 pre-treatment occurred 1 h before OGD. SIRT1 and inflammatory mediator levels were analyzed.Results: Both XNJ doses significantly decreased cerebral infarct area (40.11% vs. 19.66% and 9.87%) and improved neurological scores and morphological changes. Inflammatory mediator levels were remarkably decreased in both model systems after XNJ treatment. XNJ also enhanced SIRT1 expression. Notably, the SIRT1 inhibitor EX527 attenuated the XNJ-mediated decrease in inflammation in vivo and in vitro.Conclusions: XNJ improved cerebral I/R injury through inhibiting the inflammatory response via the SIRT1 pathway, which may be a useful target in treating cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Ming Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Qu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li-Na Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing-Hui Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huan Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan-Qing Song
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- CONTACT Yan-Qing Song
| | - Si-Xi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Si-Xi Zhang Department of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, 71# Xinmin Street, Changchun130021, Jilin Province, PR China
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Li A, Yau SY, Machado S, Wang P, Yuan TF, So KF. Enhancement of Hippocampal Plasticity by Physical Exercise as a Polypill for Stress and Depression: A Review. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2020; 18:294-306. [PMID: 30848219 DOI: 10.2174/1871527318666190308102804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Generation of newborn neurons that form functional synaptic connections in the dentate gyrus of adult mammals, known as adult hippocampal neurogenesis, has been suggested to play critical roles in regulating mood, as well as certain forms of hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. Environmental stress suppresses structural plasticity including adult neurogenesis and dendritic remodeling in the hippocampus, whereas physical exercise exerts opposite effects. Here, we review recent discoveries on the potential mechanisms concerning how physical exercise mitigates the stressrelated depressive disorders, with a focus on the perspective of modulation on hippocampal neurogenesis, dendritic remodeling and synaptic plasticity. Unmasking such mechanisms may help devise new drugs in the future for treating neuropsychiatric disorders involving impaired neural plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suk-Yu Yau
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sergio Machado
- Laboratory of Physical Activity Neuroscience, Physical Activity Sciences Postgraduate Program - Salgado de Oliveira University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Pingjie Wang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ti-Fei Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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25
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Kwon I, Jang Y, Lee Y. Endurance Exercise-Induced Autophagy/Mitophagy Coincides with a Reinforced Anabolic State and Increased Mitochondrial Turnover in the Cortex of Young Male Mouse Brain. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 71:42-54. [PMID: 32535714 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01624-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy/mitophagy, a cellular catabolic process necessary for sustaining normal cellular function, has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy against numerous obstinate diseases. In this regard, endurance exercise (EXE)-induced autophagy/mitophagy (EIAM) has been considered as a potential health-enriching factor in various tissues including the brain; however, underlying mechanisms of EIAM in the brain has not been fully defined yet. This study investigated the molecular signaling nexus of EIAM pathways in the cortex of the brain. C57BL/6 young male mice were randomly assigned to a control group (CON, n = 12) and an endurance exercise group (EXE, n = 12). Our data demonstrated that exercise-induced autophagy coincided with an enhanced anabolic state (p-AKT, p-mTOR, and p-p70S6K); furthermore, mitophagy concurred with enhanced mitochondrial turnover: increases in both fission (DRP1, BNIP3, and PINK1) and fusion (OPA1 and MFN2) proteins. In addition, neither oxidative stress nor sirtuins (SIRT) 1 and 3 were associated with EIAM; instead, the activation of AMPK as well as a JNK-BCL2 axis was linked to EIAM promotion. Collectively, our results demonstrated that EXE-induced anabolic enrichment did not hinder autophagy/mitophagy and that the concurrent augmentation of mitochondrial fusion and fusion process contributed to sustaining mitophagy in the cortex of the brain. Our findings suggest that the EXE-induced concomitant potentiation of the catabolic and anabolic state is a unique molecular mechanism that simultaneously contributes to recycling and rebuilding the cellular structure, leading to upholding healthy cellular environment. Thus, the current study provides a novel autophagy/mitophagy mechanism, from which groundbreaking pharmacological strategies of autophagy can be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insu Kwon
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Movement Sciences and Health, Usha Kundu, MD College of Health, University of West Florida, 11000 University Pkwy, Bldg.72, Pensacola, FL, 32514, USA
| | - Yongchul Jang
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Movement Sciences and Health, Usha Kundu, MD College of Health, University of West Florida, 11000 University Pkwy, Bldg.72, Pensacola, FL, 32514, USA
| | - Youngil Lee
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Movement Sciences and Health, Usha Kundu, MD College of Health, University of West Florida, 11000 University Pkwy, Bldg.72, Pensacola, FL, 32514, USA.
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26
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Mitoma H, Buffo A, Gelfo F, Guell X, Fucà E, Kakei S, Lee J, Manto M, Petrosini L, Shaikh AG, Schmahmann JD. Consensus Paper. Cerebellar Reserve: From Cerebellar Physiology to Cerebellar Disorders. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 19:131-153. [PMID: 31879843 PMCID: PMC6978437 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-019-01091-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cerebellar reserve refers to the capacity of the cerebellum to compensate for tissue damage or loss of function resulting from many different etiologies. When the inciting event produces acute focal damage (e.g., stroke, trauma), impaired cerebellar function may be compensated for by other cerebellar areas or by extracerebellar structures (i.e., structural cerebellar reserve). In contrast, when pathological changes compromise cerebellar neuronal integrity gradually leading to cell death (e.g., metabolic and immune-mediated cerebellar ataxias, neurodegenerative ataxias), it is possible that the affected area itself can compensate for the slowly evolving cerebellar lesion (i.e., functional cerebellar reserve). Here, we examine cerebellar reserve from the perspective of the three cornerstones of clinical ataxiology: control of ocular movements, coordination of voluntary axial and appendicular movements, and cognitive functions. Current evidence indicates that cerebellar reserve is potentiated by environmental enrichment through the mechanisms of autophagy and synaptogenesis, suggesting that cerebellar reserve is not rigid or fixed, but exhibits plasticity potentiated by experience. These conclusions have therapeutic implications. During the period when cerebellar reserve is preserved, treatments should be directed at stopping disease progression and/or limiting the pathological process. Simultaneously, cerebellar reserve may be potentiated using multiple approaches. Potentiation of cerebellar reserve may lead to compensation and restoration of function in the setting of cerebellar diseases, and also in disorders primarily of the cerebral hemispheres by enhancing cerebellar mechanisms of action. It therefore appears that cerebellar reserve, and the underlying plasticity of cerebellar microcircuitry that enables it, may be of critical neurobiological importance to a wide range of neurological/neuropsychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mitoma
- Medical Education Promotion Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - A Buffo
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini, University of Turin, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - F Gelfo
- Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, 00193, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - X Guell
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Ataxia Unit, Cognitive Behavioral Neurology Unit, Laboratory for Neuroanatomy and Cerebellar Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | - E Fucà
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini, University of Turin, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - S Kakei
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Lee
- Komatsu University, Komatsu, Japan
| | - M Manto
- Unité des Ataxies Cérébelleuses, Service de Neurologie, CHU-Charleroi, 6000, Charleroi, Belgium
- Service des Neurosciences, University of Mons, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - L Petrosini
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - A G Shaikh
- Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - J D Schmahmann
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Ataxia Unit, Cognitive Behavioral Neurology Unit, Laboratory for Neuroanatomy and Cerebellar Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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27
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Palasz E, Niewiadomski W, Gasiorowska A, Wysocka A, Stepniewska A, Niewiadomska G. Exercise-Induced Neuroprotection and Recovery of Motor Function in Animal Models of Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2019; 10:1143. [PMID: 31736859 PMCID: PMC6838750 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is manifested by progressive motor, autonomic, and cognitive disturbances. Dopamine (DA) synthesizing neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) degenerate, causing a decline in DA level in the striatum that leads to the characteristic movement disorders. A disease-modifying therapy to arrest PD progression remains unattainable with current pharmacotherapies, most of which cause severe side effects and lose their efficacy with time. For this reason, there is a need to seek new therapies supporting the pharmacological treatment of PD. Motor therapy is recommended for pharmacologically treated PD patients as it alleviates the symptoms. Molecular mechanisms behind the beneficial effects of motor therapy are unknown, nor is it known whether such therapy may be neuroprotective in PD patients. Due to obvious limitations, human studies are unlikely to answer these questions; therefore, the use of animal models of PD seems indispensable. Motor therapy in animal models of PD characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons has neuroprotective and neuroregenerative effects, and the completeness of neuronal protection may depend on (i) degree of neuronal loss, (ii) duration and intensity of exercise, and (iii) time elapsed between insult and commencing of training. As the physical activity is neuroprotective for dopaminergic neurons, the question arises what is the mechanism of this protective action. A current hypothesis assumes a central role of neurotrophic factors in the neuroprotection of dopaminergic neurons, even though it is still not clear whether increased DA level in the nigrostriatal axis results from neurogenesis of dopaminergic neurons in the SN, recovery of the phenotype of dopaminergic neurons, increased sprouting of the residual dopaminergic axons in the striatum, or generation of local striatal neurons from inhibitory interneurons. In the present review, we discuss studies describing the influence of physical exercise on the PD-like changes manifested in animal models of the disease and focus our interest on the current state of knowledge on the mechanism of neuroprotection induced by physical activity as a supportive therapy in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Palasz
- Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wiktor Niewiadomski
- Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Gasiorowska
- Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adrianna Wysocka
- Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Stepniewska
- Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grazyna Niewiadomska
- Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
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28
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Wang P, Lu Y, Han D, Wang P, Ren L, Bi J, Liang J. Neuroprotection by nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 1 with involvement of autophagy in an aged rat model of transient cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Brain Res 2019; 1723:146391. [PMID: 31421130 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent researches suggest that autophagic degradation declines with age, and this leads to an accumulation of damage that contributes to age-related cellular dysfunction. Nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 1 (NMNAT1) shows therapeutic potential for cerebral ischemia in young-adult animals. This study investigated the role of NMNAT1 in focal cerebral ischemia in aged rats with a focus on neuronal autophagy. Focal cerebral ischemia was induced in aged rats by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). NMNAT1 levels in the peri-infarct penumbra increased at 12 and 24 h after ischemia in aged rats. Knockdown of NMNAT1 significantly increased infarct volume, whereas overexpression of NMNAT1 reduced ischemia-induced cerebral injuries in aged rats with acute ischemic stroke. Meanwhile, lentiviral overexpression of NMNAT1 increased autophagy, reduced the phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and enhanced the sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) protein level. In cultured cortical neurons, SIRT1 regulated the mTOR-mediated autophagy upon oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) stress and the effect of NMNAT1 on autophagy was blocked in cultured SIRT1-knockout neurons. Furthermore, autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) partly abolished the neuroprotection induced by NMNAT1 overexpression. The results suggest NMNAT1 protects against acute ischemic stroke in aged rats by inducing autophagy via regulating the SIRT1/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurobiology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Yijun Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Donghe Han
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurobiology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurobiology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Lili Ren
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurobiology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Jing Bi
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurobiology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Jia Liang
- Institute of Life Science, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.
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29
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Chuang CS, Chang JC, Soong BW, Chuang SF, Lin TT, Cheng WL, Orr HT, Liu CS. Treadmill training increases the motor activity and neuron survival of the cerebellum in a mouse model of spinocerebellar ataxia type 1. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2019; 35:679-685. [PMID: 31271500 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) type 1 (SCA1) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder that is characterized by worsening of disordered coordination, ataxia of the trunk, and other neurological symptoms. Physical activity improves both mobility and the daily living activities of patients with SCA. Intervention with daily regular treadmill exercise may slow the deterioration of cerebellar neurons in SCA1. Therefore, the signal changes and performance of cerebellar neurons after exercise in SCA1 was investigated in this study. We employed a transgenic mouse model of SCA1, generated by amplifying the cytosine-adenine-guanine trinucleotide repeat expansions, and the mice underwent 1 month of moderate daily treadmill exercise for 1 hour. The rotarod test revealed that the motor function of the SCA1 mice that underwent training was superior to that of the control SCA1 mice, which did not undergo training. Moreover, the cerebellar pathology revealed preserved Purkinje neurons stained by carbindin with an increase of the neuronal Per Arnt Sim domain protein 4, a key regulation in the structural and functional plasticity of neurons, in the excised SCA1 mice relative to the controls. The mechanism was related to an increase of phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6, a downstream target of the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, but not to autophagy activation. This study determined that regular treadmill exercise may play a crucial role in the viable support of cerebellar neurons in SCA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Sen Chuang
- Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Chih Chang
- Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Wen Soong
- Department of Neurology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Fei Chuang
- Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Tsung Lin
- Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ling Cheng
- Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Harry T Orr
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Chin-San Liu
- Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, Research Center for Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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30
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Yao P, Li Y, Yang Y, Yu S, Chen Y. Triptolide Improves Cognitive Dysfunction in Rats with Vascular Dementia by Activating the SIRT1/PGC-1α Signaling Pathway. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:1977-1985. [PMID: 31236795 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02831-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook F has been exploited as a treatment for several diseases due to its neuroprotective, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory effects. Triptolide is one of its key bioactive compounds. Currently, the role of triptolide in cognitive dysfunction remains unclear. Here, the role of triptolide on cognitive dysfunction was investigated using chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced vascular dementia (VD) rat model. SD rats were administrated with Triptolide (5 μg/kg) for 6 weeks after undergoing permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion. The results show that triptolide treatment conferred neuroprotective effects in VD rats. Intraperitoneal injection of triptolide attenuated oxidative stress, learning and memory deficits, and neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampi. Moreover, triptolide enhanced the expression of SIRT1, PGC-1α, ZO-1, Claudin-5, and decreased the serum levels of NSE and S100B significantly. It also improved CCH-induced learning and memory deficits, and this is attributed to its capacity to promote SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling, confer antioxidant effects, and inhibit neuronal apoptosis. These findings indicate that triptolide may be an effective therapeutic agent for vascular cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yiling Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yujun Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Shuchun Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Key of Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
- Jiangxi Province Key of Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Nanchang, China.
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31
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de Mello NP, Orellana AM, Mazucanti CH, de Morais Lima G, Scavone C, Kawamoto EM. Insulin and Autophagy in Neurodegeneration. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:491. [PMID: 31231176 PMCID: PMC6558407 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Crosstalk in the pathophysiological processes underpinning metabolic diseases and neurodegenerative disorders have been the subject of extensive investigation, in which insulin signaling and autophagy impairment demonstrate to be a common factor in both conditions. Although it is still somewhat conflicting, pharmacological and genetic strategies that regulate these pathways may be a promising approach for aggregate protein clearancing and consequently the delaying of onset or progression of the disease. However, as the response due to this modulation seems to be time-dependent, finding the right regulation of autophagy may be a potential target for drug development for neurodegenerative diseases. In this way, this review focuses on the role of insulin signaling/resistance and autophagy in some neurodegenerative diseases, discussing pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Prudente de Mello
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Neurobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Orellana
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caio Henrique Mazucanti
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Geovanni de Morais Lima
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Neurobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristoforo Scavone
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elisa Mitiko Kawamoto
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Neurobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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32
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The beneficial roles of exercise training via autophagy in neurological diseases and possible mechanisms. Life Sci 2019; 221:130-134. [PMID: 30769113 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a conservative catabolism process, participating in delivering the cytosol and cytosolic components to the lysosome. Abnormal autophagy is related to human pathologies, for instance diabetes, neurodegeneration, cardiovascular, macular degeneration, pulmonary, and cancer. Enormous evidences indicate that autophagy may mediate the cellular pathological condition in the process of neurological diseases. Exercise as a form of physiological stress may cause an adaptation, and autophagy is a necessary process for adaptational response to exercise. Autophagy during exercise may improve neurological function, control tissue maintain tissue integrity, and activate different signals pathway for adaptation. In this review, we summarize the possible mechanisms of exercise training via autophagy in neurological diseases.
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33
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Modulation of mitochondrial phenotypes by endurance exercise contributes to neuroprotection against a MPTP-induced animal model of PD. Life Sci 2018; 209:455-465. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Klemann CJHM, Xicoy H, Poelmans G, Bloem BR, Martens GJM, Visser JE. Physical Exercise Modulates L-DOPA-Regulated Molecular Pathways in the MPTP Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:5639-5657. [PMID: 29019056 PMCID: PMC5994219 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0775-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), resulting in motor and non-motor dysfunction. Physical exercise improves these symptoms in PD patients. To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of physical exercise, we exposed 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine (MPTP)-treated mice to a four-week physical exercise regimen, and subsequently explored their motor performance and the transcriptome of multiple PD-linked brain areas. MPTP reduced the number of DA neurons in the SNpc, whereas physical exercise improved beam walking, rotarod performance, and motor behavior in the open field. Further, enrichment analyses of the RNA-sequencing data revealed that in the MPTP-treated mice physical exercise predominantly modulated signaling cascades that are regulated by the top upstream regulators L-DOPA, RICTOR, CREB1, or bicuculline/dalfampridine, associated with movement disorders, mitochondrial dysfunction, and epilepsy-related processes. To elucidate the molecular pathways underlying these cascades, we integrated the proteins encoded by the exercise-induced differentially expressed mRNAs for each of the upstream regulators into a molecular landscape, for multiple key brain areas. Most notable was the opposite effect of physical exercise compared to previously reported effects of L-DOPA on the expression of mRNAs in the SN and the ventromedial striatum that are involved in-among other processes-circadian rhythm and signaling involving DA, neuropeptides, and endocannabinoids. Altogether, our findings suggest that physical exercise can improve motor function in PD and may, at the same time, counteract L-DOPA-mediated molecular mechanisms. Further, we hypothesize that physical exercise has the potential to improve non-motor symptoms of PD, some of which may be the result of (chronic) L-DOPA use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelius J H M Klemann
- Department of Molecular Animal Physiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Helena Xicoy
- Department of Molecular Animal Physiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Geert Poelmans
- Department of Molecular Animal Physiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bas R Bloem
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard J M Martens
- Department of Molecular Animal Physiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper E Visser
- Department of Molecular Animal Physiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Neurology, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands.
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Morgan AH, Rees DJ, Andrews ZB, Davies JS. Ghrelin mediated neuroprotection - A possible therapy for Parkinson's disease? Neuropharmacology 2017; 136:317-326. [PMID: 29277488 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a common age-related neurodegenerative disorder affecting 10 million people worldwide, but the mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis are still unclear. The disease is characterised by dopamine nerve cell loss in the mid-brain and intra-cellular accumulation of α-synuclein that results in motor and non-motor dysfunction. In this review, we discuss the neuroprotective effects of the stomach hormone, ghrelin, in models of Parkinson's disease. Recent findings suggest that it may modulate mitochondrial function and autophagic clearance of impaired organelle in response to changes in cellular energy balance. We consider the putative cellular mechanisms underlying ghrelin-action and the possible role of ghrelin mimetics in slowing or preventing Parkinson's disease progression. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Metabolic Impairment as Risk Factors for Neurodegenerative Disorders.'
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Affiliation(s)
- Alwena H Morgan
- Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Life Science, Medical School, Swansea University, UK
| | - Daniel J Rees
- Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Life Science, Medical School, Swansea University, UK
| | - Zane B Andrews
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute & Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeffrey S Davies
- Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Life Science, Medical School, Swansea University, UK.
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