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Safiullov Z, Izmailov A, Sokolov M, Markosyan V, Kundakchan G, Garifulin R, Shmarov M, Naroditsky B, Logunov D, Islamov R. Autologous Genetically Enriched Leucoconcentrate in the Preventive and Acute Phases of Stroke Treatment in a Mini-Pig Model. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102209. [PMID: 36297644 PMCID: PMC9611398 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural limitations of regeneration in the CNS are major problems for the treatment of neurological disorders, including ischaemic brain strokes. Among the approaches being actively developed to inhibit post-ischaemic negative consequences is the delivery of therapeutic genes encoding neuroprotective molecules to the brain. Unfortunately, there are currently no proven and available medicines that contain recombinant human genes for the treatment of ischaemic cerebral stroke. Of particular interest is the development of treatments for patients at risk of ischaemic stroke. In the present study, we propose a proof of concept for the use of an autologous, genetically enriched leucoconcentrate temporally secreting recombinant vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) for the treatment of stroke. In a mini-pig ischaemic stroke model, genetically enriched leucoconcentrate was infused 4 h after surgery (gene therapy in acute phase) or 2 days before stroke modelling (preventive gene therapy). On day 21, after the stroke modelling, the post-ischaemic brain recovery was examined by morphologic and immunofluorescence analysis. The benefits of treating a stroke with genetically enriched leucoconcentrate both for preventive purposes and in the acute phase were confirmed by an improved performance in behavioural tests, higher preservation of brain tissue and positive post-ischaemic brain remodelling in the peri-infarct area. These results suggest that the employment of autologous leucocytes enabling the temporary production of the recombinant therapeutic molecules to correct the pathological process in the CNS may be one of the breakthrough approaches in gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zufar Safiullov
- The Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Andrei Izmailov
- The Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Mikhail Sokolov
- The Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Vage Markosyan
- The Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Grayr Kundakchan
- The Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Ravil Garifulin
- The Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Maksim Shmarov
- The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Naroditsky
- The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis Logunov
- The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia
| | - Rustem Islamov
- The Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
- Correspondence:
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Won JS, Yeon JY, Pyeon HJ, Noh YJ, Hwang JY, Kim CK, Nam H, Lee KH, Lee SH, Joo KM. Optimal Preclinical Conditions for Using Adult Human Multipotent Neural Cells in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052579. [PMID: 33806636 PMCID: PMC7961778 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapeutics are amongst the most promising next-generation therapeutic approaches for the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI), as they may promote the repair or regeneration of damaged spinal cord tissues. However, preclinical optimization should be performed before clinical application to guarantee safety and therapeutic effect. Here, we investigated the optimal injection route and dose for adult human multipotent neural cells (ahMNCs) from patients with hemorrhagic stroke using an SCI animal model. ahMNCs demonstrate several characteristics associated with neural stem cells (NSCs), including the expression of NSC-specific markers, self-renewal, and multi neural cell lineage differentiation potential. When ahMNCs were transplanted into the lateral ventricle of the SCI animal model, they specifically migrated within 24 h of injection to the damaged spinal cord, where they survived for at least 5 weeks after injection. Although ahMNC transplantation promoted significant locomotor recovery, the injection dose was shown to influence treatment outcomes, with a 1 × 106 (medium) dose of ahMNCs producing significantly better functional recovery than a 3 × 105 (low) dose. There was no significant gain in effect with the 3 × 106 ahMNCs dose. Histological analysis suggested that ahMNCs exert their effects by modulating glial scar formation, neuroprotection, and/or angiogenesis. These data indicate that ahMNCs from patients with hemorrhagic stroke could be used to develop stem cell therapies for SCI and that the indirect injection route could be clinically relevant. Moreover, the optimal transplantation dose of ahMNCs defined in this preclinical study might be helpful in calculating its optimal injection dose for patients with SCI in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Seob Won
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea;
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea; (C.K.K.); (H.N.); (K.-H.L.)
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea;
| | - Je Young Yeon
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Hee-Jang Pyeon
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea; (H.-J.P.); (Y.-J.N.); (J.-Y.H.)
- Medical Innovation Technology Inc. (MEDINNO Inc.), Ace High-End Tower Classic 26, Seoul 08517, Korea
| | - Yu-Jeong Noh
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea; (H.-J.P.); (Y.-J.N.); (J.-Y.H.)
| | - Ji-Yoon Hwang
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea; (H.-J.P.); (Y.-J.N.); (J.-Y.H.)
- Medical Innovation Technology Inc. (MEDINNO Inc.), Ace High-End Tower Classic 26, Seoul 08517, Korea
| | - Chung Kwon Kim
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea; (C.K.K.); (H.N.); (K.-H.L.)
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea; (H.-J.P.); (Y.-J.N.); (J.-Y.H.)
- Medical Innovation Technology Inc. (MEDINNO Inc.), Ace High-End Tower Classic 26, Seoul 08517, Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Hyun Nam
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea; (C.K.K.); (H.N.); (K.-H.L.)
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea;
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea; (H.-J.P.); (Y.-J.N.); (J.-Y.H.)
- Medical Innovation Technology Inc. (MEDINNO Inc.), Ace High-End Tower Classic 26, Seoul 08517, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoon Lee
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea; (C.K.K.); (H.N.); (K.-H.L.)
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea; (H.-J.P.); (Y.-J.N.); (J.-Y.H.)
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Sun-Ho Lee
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-H.L.); (K.M.J.); Tel.: +82-2-3410-2457 (S.-H.L.); +82-2-2148-9779 (K.M.J.); Fax: +82-2-3410-0048 (S.-H.L.); +82-2-2148-9829 (K.M.J.)
| | - Kyeung Min Joo
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea;
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea; (C.K.K.); (H.N.); (K.-H.L.)
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Medical Innovation Technology Inc. (MEDINNO Inc.), Ace High-End Tower Classic 26, Seoul 08517, Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-H.L.); (K.M.J.); Tel.: +82-2-3410-2457 (S.-H.L.); +82-2-2148-9779 (K.M.J.); Fax: +82-2-3410-0048 (S.-H.L.); +82-2-2148-9829 (K.M.J.)
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Guzman R, Janowski M, Walczak P. Intra-Arterial Delivery of Cell Therapies for Stroke. Stroke 2018; 49:1075-1082. [PMID: 29669876 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.117.018288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Guzman
- From the Department of Neurosurgery and Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland (R.G.)
| | - Miroslaw Janowski
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (M.J., P.W.).,Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (M.J., P.W.).,NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences (M.J.).,Department of Neurosurgery, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland (M.J.)
| | - Piotr Walczak
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (M.J., P.W.) .,Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (M.J., P.W.).,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland (P.W.)
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Cell Therapy in Stroke-Cautious Steps Towards a Clinical Treatment. Transl Stroke Res 2017; 9:321-332. [PMID: 29150739 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-017-0587-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In the future, stroke patients may receive stem cell therapy as this has the potential to restore lost functions. However, the development of clinically deliverable therapy has been slower and more challenging than expected. Despite recommendations by STAIR and STEPS consortiums, there remain flaws in experimental studies such as lack of animals with comorbidities, inconsistent approaches to experimental design, and concurrent rehabilitation that might lead to a bias towards positive results. Clinical studies have typically been small, lacking control groups as well as often without clear biological hypotheses to guide patient selection. Furthermore, they have used a wide range of cell types, doses, and delivery methods, and outcome measures. Although some ongoing and recent trial programs offer hints that these obstacles are now being tackled, the Horizon2020 funded RESSTORE trial will be given as an example of inconsistent regulatory requirements and challenges in harmonized cell production, logistic, and clinical criteria in an international multicenter study. The PISCES trials highlight the complex issues around intracerebral cell transplantation. Therefore, a better understanding of translational challenges is expected to pave the way to more successful help for stroke patients.
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Chau M, Zhang J, Wei L, Yu SP. Regeneration after stroke: Stem cell transplantation and trophic factors. Brain Circ 2016; 2:86-94. [PMID: 30276278 PMCID: PMC6126254 DOI: 10.4103/2394-8108.186279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. However, there is only one Food and Drug Administration-approved drug for the treatment of ischemic stroke, i.e., tissue plasminogen activator, and its therapeutic window is limited to within 4.5 h after stroke. Since clinical trials for neuroprotection have failed to demonstrate efficacy, multipotent and pluripotent stem cell transplantations are viable candidates for stroke treatment by providing trophic factor support and/or cell replacement following injury. The goal of this review is to highlight the promise of stem cell transplantation as vehicles for trophic factor delivery. The beneficial effects of different stem cell types as transplants as well as ways to upregulate trophic factors in stem cells are described in this review. Stem cell transplantation has consistently shown beneficial effects in the ischemic stroke model, in part due to the beneficial factors that stem cells release around the stroke injury area, resulting in smaller infarct volumes and regeneration and functional recovery. Upregulation of beneficial factors in stem cells and neural progenitors before transplantation has been shown to be even more effective in treating the stroke injury than stem cells without upregulated factors. However, for both stem cells and genetic engineering, there remain many unanswered questions and potential for improvement. These include modifiable parameters such as the different stem cell types and different factors, as well as the various readouts for investigation, such as various in vivo effects, such as immune system modulation and enhancement of endogenous neurogenesis and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Chau
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - James Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Shan Ping Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Culturing of Mouse Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Poly-3-Hydroxybutyrate Scaffolds. Bull Exp Biol Med 2015; 159:567-71. [PMID: 26388561 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-015-3015-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We studied the possibility of long-term culturing of mouse mesenchymal stem cells on a porous scaffold made of biocompatible polymer poly-3-hydroxybutyrate. The cells remained viable for at least 2 months and passed more than 65 population doublings in culture. Culturing on the scaffold did not change surface phenotype of cells. 3D poly-3-hydroxybutyrate scaffolds are appropriate substrate for long-term culturing of mesenchymal stem cells.
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Shen WB, Plachez C, Tsymbalyuk O, Tsymbalyuk N, Xu S, Smith AM, Michel SLJ, Yarnell D, Mullins R, Gullapalli RP, Puche A, Simard JM, Fishman PS, Yarowsky P. Cell-Based Therapy in TBI: Magnetic Retention of Neural Stem Cells In Vivo. Cell Transplant 2015; 25:1085-99. [PMID: 26395573 DOI: 10.3727/096368915x689550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy is under active investigation for traumatic brain injury (TBI). Noninvasive stem cell delivery is the preferred method, but retention of stem cells at the site of injury in TBI has proven challenging and impacts effectiveness. To investigate the effects of applying a magnetic field on cell homing and retention, we delivered human neuroprogenitor cells (hNPCs) labeled with a superparamagnetic nanoparticle into post-TBI animals in the presence of a static magnetic field. We have previously devised a method of loading hNPCs with ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles Molday ION Rhodamine B (MIRB™). Labeling of hNPCs (MIRB-hNPCs) does not affect hNPC viability, proliferation, or differentiation. The 0.6 tesla (T) permanent magnet was placed ∼4 mm above the injured parietal cortex prior to intracarotid injection of 4 × 10(4) MIRB-hNPCs. Fluorescence imaging, Perls' Prussian blue histochemistry, immunocytochemistry with SC121, a human-specific antibody, and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging ex vivo revealed there was increased homing and retention of MIRB-hNPCs in the injured cortex as compared to the control group in which MIRB-hNPCs were injected in the absence of a static magnetic field. Fluoro-Jade C staining and immunolabeling with specific markers confirmed the viability status of MIRB-hNPCs posttransplantation. These results show that increased homing and retention of MIRB-hNPCs post-TBI by applying a static magnetic field is a promising technique to deliver cells into the CNS for treatment of neurological injuries and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Bin Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Rosenblum S, Smith TN, Wang N, Chua JY, Westbroek E, Wang K, Guzman R. BDNF Pretreatment of Human Embryonic-Derived Neural Stem Cells Improves Cell Survival and Functional Recovery After Transplantation in Hypoxic-Ischemic Stroke. Cell Transplant 2014; 24:2449-61. [PMID: 24594369 DOI: 10.3727/096368914x679354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intra-arterial neural stem cell (NSC) therapy has the potential to improve long-term outcomes after stroke. Here we evaluate if pretreatment of NSCs with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) prior to transplantation improves cell engraftment and functional recovery following hypoxic-ischemic (HI) stroke. Human embryonic-derived NSCs with or without BDNF pretreatment (1 h, 100 ng/ml) were transplanted 3 days after HI stroke. Functional recovery was assessed using the horizontal ladder test. Cell engraftment was evaluated using bioluminescence imaging (BLI) and histological counts of SC121(+) cells. Fluoro-Jade C (FJC) and NeuN stains were used to evaluate neuroprotection. The effect of BDNF on NSCs was analyzed using a migration assay, immunocytochemistry, Luminex proteomic assay, and RT-qPCR.BLI analysis demonstrated significantly higher photon flux in the BDNF-treated NSC group compared to untreated NSC (p = 0.049) and control groups (p = 0.0021) at 1 week after transplantation. Immunohistochemistry confirmed increased transplanted cell survival in the cortex (p = 0.0126) and hippocampus (p = 0.0098) of animals injected with BDNF-treated NSCs compared to untreated NSCs. Behavioral testing revealed that the BDNF-treated NSC group demonstrated increased sensorimotor recovery compared to the untreated NSC and control groups (p < 0.001) over the 1-month period (p < 0.001) following transplantation. A significant improvement in performance was found in the BDNF-treated NSC group compared to the control group at 14, 21, and 28 (p < 0.05) days after transplantation. The cortex and hippocampus of the BDNF-treated NSC group had significantly more SC121(+) NSCs (p = 0.0125, p = 0.0098), fewer FJC(+) neurons (p = 0.0370, p = 0.0285), and a higher percentage of NeuN(+) expression (p = 0.0354) in the cortex compared to the untreated NSC group. BDNF treatment of NSCs resulted in significantly greater migration to SDF-1, secretion of M-CSF, VEGF, and expression of CXCR4, VCAM-1, Thrombospondins 1 and 2, and BDNF. BDNF pretreatment of NSCs results in higher initial NSC engraftment and survival, increased neuroprotection, and greater functional recovery when compared to untreated NSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Rosenblum
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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