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A cross-talk between sestrins, chronic inflammation and cellular senescence governs the development of age-associated sarcopenia and obesity. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 86:101852. [PMID: 36642190 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The rapid increase in both the lifespan and proportion of older adults is accompanied by the unprecedented rise in age-associated chronic diseases, including sarcopenia and obesity. Aging is also manifested by increased susceptibility to multiple endogenous and exogenous stresses enabling such chronic conditions to develop. Among the main physiological regulators of cellular adaption to various stress stimuli, such as DNA damage, hypoxia, and oxidative stress, are sestrins (Sesns), a family of three evolutionarily conserved proteins, Sesn1, 2, and 3. Age-associated sarcopenia and obesity are characterized by two key processes: (i) accumulation of senescent cells in the skeletal muscle and adipose tissue and (ii) creation of a systemic, chronic, low-grade inflammation (SCLGI). Presumably, failed SCLGI resolution governs the development of these chronic conditions. Noteworthy, Sesns activate senolytics, which are agents that selectively eliminate senescent cells, as well as specialized pro-resolving mediators, which are factors that physiologically provide inflammation resolution. Sesns reveal clear beneficial effects in pre-clinical models of sarcopenia and obesity. Based on these observations, we propose a novel treatment strategy for age-associated sarcopenia and obesity, complementary to the conventional therapeutic modalities: Sesn activation, SCLGI resolution, and senescent cell elimination.
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2
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Alba MM, Ebright B, Hua B, Slarve I, Zhou Y, Jia Y, Louie SG, Stiles BL. Eicosanoids and other oxylipins in liver injury, inflammation and liver cancer development. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1098467. [PMID: 36818443 PMCID: PMC9932286 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1098467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is a malignancy developed from underlying liver disease that encompasses liver injury and metabolic disorders. The progression from these underlying liver disease to cancer is accompanied by chronic inflammatory conditions in which liver macrophages play important roles in orchestrating the inflammatory response. During this process, bioactive lipids produced by hepatocytes and macrophages mediate the inflammatory responses by acting as pro-inflammatory factors, as well as, playing roles in the resolution of inflammation conditions. Here, we review the literature discussing the roles of bioactive lipids in acute and chronic hepatic inflammation and progression to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario M. Alba
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States
| | - Brandon Ebright
- Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States
| | - Brittney Hua
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States
| | - Ielyzaveta Slarve
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States
| | - Yiren Zhou
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States
| | - Yunyi Jia
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States
| | - Stan G. Louie
- Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States
| | - Bangyan L. Stiles
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States,Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States,*Correspondence: Bangyan L. Stiles,
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3
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Formyl peptide receptor 2 is an emerging modulator of inflammation in the liver. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:325-332. [PMID: 36750693 PMCID: PMC9981720 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-00941-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Formyl peptide receptors (FPRs), which are seven-membrane G-protein coupled receptors, recognize chemotactic signals to protect hosts from pathogenic infections and mediate inflammatory responses in the body. There are three isoforms of FPRs in humans-FPR1, FPR2, and FPR3-and they bind to N-formyl peptides, except FPR3, and to various endogenous agonists. Among FPR family members, FPR2 has a lower affinity for N-formyl peptides than FPR1 and binds with a wide range of endogenous or exogenous agonists. Thus, FPR2 is considered the most ambiguous member. Accumulating evidence has shown that FPR2 is involved in the host's defense against bacterial infection and inflammation in liver diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, and liver cancer, suggesting the pathophysiological relevance of FPR2 to the liver. However, FPR2 has been shown to promote or suppress inflammation, depending on the type of FPR2-expressing cell and FPR2-bound ligands in the liver. Therefore, it is important to understand FPR2's function per se and to elucidate the mechanism underlying immunomodulation initiated by ligand-activated FPR2 before suggesting FPR2 as a novel therapeutic agent for liver diseases. In this review, up-to-date knowledge of FPR2, with general information on the FPR family, is provided. We shed light on the dual action of FPR2 in the liver and discuss the hepatoprotective roles of FPR2 itself and FPR2 agonists in mediating anti-inflammatory responses.
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Peptides from Liza aurata: Natural Source Attenuate Paracetamol Induced Nephrotoxicity by Modulation of the Inflammatory Response and DNA Damage. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10235-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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5
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The Lipoxin Receptor/FPR2 Agonist BML-111 Protects Mouse Skin Against Ultraviolet B Radiation. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122953. [PMID: 32604968 PMCID: PMC7356842 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive exposure to UV, especially UVB, is the most important risk factor for skin cancer and premature skin aging. The identification of the specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) challenged the preexisting paradigm of how inflammation ends. Rather than a passive process, the resolution of inflammation relies on the active production of SPMs, such as Lipoxins (Lx), Maresins, protectins, and Resolvins. LXA4 is an SPM that exerts its action through ALX/FPR2 receptor. Stable ALX/FPR2 agonists are required because SPMs can be quickly metabolized within tissues near the site of formation. BML-111 is a commercially available synthetic ALX/FPR2 receptor agonist with analgesic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Based on that, we aimed to determine the effect of BML-111 in a model of UVB-induced skin inflammation in hairless mice. We demonstrated that BML-111 ameliorates the signs of UVB-induced skin inflammation by reducing neutrophil recruitment and mast cell activation. Reduction of these cells by BML-111 led to lower number of sunburn cells formation, decrease in epidermal thickness, collagen degradation, cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, TGF, and IL-10), and oxidative stress (observed by an increase in total antioxidant capacity and Nrf2 signaling pathway), indicating that BML-111 might be a promising drug to treat skin disorders.
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Al-Asmari AK, Al-Said MS, Abbasmanthiri R, Al-Buraidi A, Ibrahim KE, Rafatullah S. Impact of date palm pollen (Phoenix dactylifera) treatment on paracetamol-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-020-0151-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Consumption of plant-derived nutraceuticals and crude drugs in Arab traditional medicine is widely believed to confer beneficial effects in liver and kidney diseases. Fruits from the date palm Phoenix dactylifera L. are a rich source of nutrients and bioactive phytochemicals which possess a myriad of pharmacological effects. Herein, we examined the impact of Date Palm Pollen (DPP) aqueous suspension treatment on paracetamol (APAP) [Acetaminophen (APAP)] triggered hepatorenal damage in rats and further explored the underlying putative mechanism.
Methods
Thirty Wistar rats were assigned to five groups (n = 6/group). Group I was control group; animals in group II were administered APAP 1000 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) intraperitonealy (i.p.); Group III and IV administered APAP plus date palm pollen with doses of 50, 100 mg/kg b.w and group V were administered APAP plus Silymarin (SIL) 10 mg/kg b.w. (i.p) respectively. Various biochemical parameters and histological assessment were evaluated in serum and tissue homogenate.
Results
Pretreatment with DPP aqueous suspensions (50 and 100 mg/kg b.w.) significantly (p < 0.05) thwarted APAP triggered alterations in serum biomarkers of liver damage [aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)], serum albumin as well as bilirubin. DPP treatment further mitigated APAP triggered dyslipidemia associated with hepatic damage by influencing APAP elicited changes in serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL and VLDL. DPP treatment significantly (p < 0.05) ameliorated extrahepatic manifestations of APAP toxicity by influencing alterations in parameters of renal function (creatinine, urea and uric acid) as well serum electrolytes (Sodium, Potassium and Calcium). DPP treatment further influenced APAP-induced histological lesions by curtailing necrosis and inflammatory changes in the hepatic and renal architecture, respectively. Furthermore, DPP treatment modulated APAP-induced redox imbalance in the hepatic and renal tissue by blunting the increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as decrease of nonprotein sulfhydryls (NP-SH) significantly (p < 0.05) when compared with control. The protective effect of DPP was further confirmed histologically.
Conclusions
The present observations point to an hepatorenal protective effects of acute DPP treatment in APAP-intoxicated rats which is underpinned by its robust antioxidant properties.
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Jie X, Wu M, Yang H, Wei W. Red–Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Time-Resolved in Vivo Alkaline Phosphatase Detection with the Assistance of a Photoresponsive Nanocontainer. Anal Chem 2019; 91:13174-13182. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Jie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mei Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haimei Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weili Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, People’s Republic of China
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Liu YH, Huang QH, Wu X, Wu JZ, Liang JL, Lin GS, Xu LQ, Lai XP, Su ZR, Chen JN. Polydatin protects against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice via anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic activities. Food Funct 2018; 9:5891-5902. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01078a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Polydatin protects against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice.
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Ibrahim SRM, El-Agamy DS, Abdallah HM, Ahmed N, Elkablawy MA, Mohamed GA. Protective activity of tovophyllin A, a xanthone isolated from Garcinia mangostana pericarps, against acetaminophen-induced liver damage: role of Nrf2 activation. Food Funct 2018; 9:3291-3300. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00378e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tovophyllin A (TA) ameliorates APAP-induced hepatotoxicity by activating Nrf2 and inhibiting the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrin R. M. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- College of Pharmacy
- Taibah University
- Al Madinah Al Munawwarah 30078
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Dina S. El-Agamy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology
- College of Pharmacy
- Taibah University
- Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Hossam M. Abdallah
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah 21589
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Nishat Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology
- College of Pharmacy
- Taibah University
- Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Elkablawy
- Department of Pathology
- College of Medicine
- Taibah University
- Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal A. Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah 21589
- Saudi Arabia
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Hasanein P, Seifi R. Beneficial effects of rosmarinic acid against alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 96:32-37. [PMID: 28675794 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol is a severe hepatotoxicant that causes a variety of liver disorders. Rosmarinic acid (RA), a natural phenol, shows some biological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated the effects of RA (10 mg/kg) against ethanol-induced oxidative damage and hepatotoxicity in rats. Animals received ethanol (4 g/kg, i.g.) and (or) RA (10 mg/kg, i.g.) daily for 4 weeks. At the end of the treatment period, rats were weighed and use for biochemical, molecular, and histopathological examinations. Ethanol increased hepatic lipid peroxidation (P < 0.001) and decreased hepatic levels of reduced glutathione (P < 0.01), catalase (P < 0.05), and superoxide dismutase (P < 0.001) compared with control group. RA prevented the prooxidant and antioxidant imbalance induced by ethanol in liver. Furthermore, RA ameliorated the increased liver mass, serum levels of ALT, AST, LDH, TNF-α, and IL-6 in ethanol group. Necrosis and infiltration of inflammatory cells in liver parenchyma were attenuated by RA treatment. Our findings showed that RA prevents ethanol-induced oxidant/antioxidant imbalance and liver injury in an experimental model of ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity. Therefore, RA may be a good candidate to protect against ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity; this deserves consideration and further examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Hasanein
- a Department of Biology, School of Basic Science, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | - Rosa Seifi
- b Department of Biology, School of Basic Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
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Hasanein P, Sharifi M. Effects of rosmarinic acid on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in male Wistar rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:1809-1816. [PMID: 28545313 PMCID: PMC6130716 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1331248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Drug-induced liver injury is a significant worldwide clinical problem. Rosmarinic acid (RA), a natural phenol, has antioxidant effects. OBJECTIVE The effects of RA against acetaminophen (N-acetyl-p-amino-phenol (APAP))-induced oxidative damage and hepatotoxicity in rats were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats were pretreated with RA (10, 50 and 100 mg/kg, i.g.) for one week. On day 7, rats received APAP (500 mg/kg, i.p.). Then aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), albumin, total protein, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione S-transferase (GST), cytochrome CYP450 and histopathological changes were determined. RESULTS APAP-induced oxidative stress in liver by a significant increase in the level of MDA (7.6 ± 0.21 nmol/mg) as well as a decrease in the contents of TAC (1.75 ± 0.14 μmol/g), GSH (1.9 ± 0.22 μmol/g) and GST) 3.2 ± 0.28 U/mg). RA treatment decreased MDA (4.32 ± 0.35 nmol/mg) but increased the contents of TAC (3.51 ± 0.34 μmol/g), GSH (3.42 ± 0.16 μmol/g) and GST (5.71 ± 0.71 μmol/g) in APAP group. RA 100 mg/kg decreased ALT (91.5 ± 1.5 U/L), AST (169 ± 8.8 U/L) and CYP450 (3 ± 0.2 nmol/min/mg) in APAP group. Histologically RA attenuated hepatic damage by decreasing necrosis, inflammation, and haemorrhage in liver sections of APAP group. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS This is the first report that oral administration of RA dose-dependently elicited significant hepatoprotective effects in rats through inhibition of hepatic CYP2E1 activity and lipid peroxidation. RA-protected hepatic GSH and GST reserves and total tissue antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Hasanein
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Maryam Sharifi
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
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12
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Multi-targeted protection of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice by tannic acid. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 47:95-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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13
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Protective effects of diallyl disulfide against acetaminophen-induced nephrotoxicity: A possible role of CYP2E1 and NF-κB. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 102:156-165. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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14
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El-Agamy DS. Pirfenidone ameliorates concanavalin A-induced hepatitis in mice via modulation of reactive oxygen species/nuclear factor kappa B signalling pathways. J Pharm Pharmacol 2016; 68:1559-1566. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the potential protective effects of pirfenidone (PFD) against concanavalin A (Con A)-induced hepatitis in mice.
Methods
Autoimmune model of hepatitis was established using single intravenous injection of Con A. Mice were randomly assigned into four groups as follows: control group; Con A group; and two groups, receiving PFD in two dose levels (200, 300 mg/kg) for 5 days before Con A administration. Extent of hepatitis was studied using biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical estimations.
Key findings
Hepatitis was clearly evident through extensive hepatocellular lesions and elevated levels of serum transaminases, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase. Con A induced an imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant status in the hepatic tissue. Furthermore, Con A significantly elevated hepatic nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) expression and inflammatory cytokines levels (tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6 and nitric oxide). PFD pretreatment potently ameliorated all these pathological changes.
Conclusions
Pirfenidone hepatoprotective activity may be mediated through its antioxidant ability that suppresses NF-κB activation signalling pathways suggesting that PFD may be a new candidate for treatment of acute hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina S El-Agamy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Yan D, Liu HL, Yu ZJ, Huang YH, Gao D, Hao H, Liao SS, Xu FY, Zhou XY. BML-111 Protected LPS/D-GalN-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071114. [PMID: 27420055 PMCID: PMC4964489 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipoxins (LXs) display unique pro-resolving and anti-inflammatory functions in a variety of inflammatory conditions. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of BML-111 (5(S),6(R),7-trihydroxyheptanoic acid methyl ester), the agonist of lipoxin A₄ receptor, in a model of Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and d-Galactosamine (d-GalN) induced acute liver injury, and to explore the mechanisms. Histopathological analyses were carried out to quantify liver injury degree. The activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) were examined to evaluate the levels of neutrophil infiltration. The activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in serum were detected to evaluate the functions of the liver. The amounts of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the expression levels of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were examined using Western blotting. The antioxidant capacity, the activities of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) were analyzed with the kits via biochemical analysis. We established the model of acute liver injury with lipopolysaccharide and d-Galactosamine (LPS/d-GalN): (1) histopathological results and MPO activities, with the activities of AST and ALT in serum, consistently demonstrated LPS and d-GalN challenge could cause severe liver damage, but BML-111 could prevent pathological changes, inhibit neutrophil infiltration, and improve the hepatic function; (2) LPS/d-GalN increased TNF-α, IL-1β, COX-2, and IL-10, while decreasing TGF-β1. However, BML-111 could repress LPS/d-GalN -induced TNF-α, IL-1β and COX-2, meanwhile increasing the expression levels of TGF-β1 and IL-10; (3) LPS/d-GalN inhibited the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and hydroxyl radical-scavenging ability, simultaneously increasing the levels of MDA and NO, so also the activity of iNOS. Otherwise, BML-111 could reverse all the phenomena. In a word, BML-111 played a protective role in acute liver injury induced by LPS and d-GalN in rats, through improving antioxidant capacity and regulating the balance of inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Province Cancer Hospital, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Hai-Ling Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Zhong-Jian Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
- Department of Science and Education, Jiangxi Province Cancer Hospital, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Yong-Hong Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Etiology and Molecular Pathology, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Dian Gao
- Department of Human Parasitology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Hua Hao
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Shou-Sheng Liao
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Fang-Yun Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Etiology and Molecular Pathology, Nanchang 330006, China.
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16
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Hasanein P, Ghafari-Vahed M, Khodadadi I. Effects of isoquinoline alkaloid berberine on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant defense system, and liver damage induced by lead acetate in rats. Redox Rep 2016; 22:42-50. [PMID: 26871196 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2016.1140406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Liver is considered a target organ affected by lead toxicity. Oxidative stress is among the mechanisms involved in liver damage. Here we investigated the effects of the natural alkaloid berberine on oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity induced by lead in rats. METHODS Animals received an aqueous solution of lead acetate (500 mg Pb/l in the drinking water) and/or daily oral gavage of berberine (50 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. Rats were then weighed and used for the biochemical, molecular, and histological evaluations. RESULTS Lead-induced oxidative stress, shown by increasing lipid peroxidation along with a concomitant decrease in hepatic levels of thiol groups, total antioxidant capacity, the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione-S-transferase, and reduced versus oxidized glutathione ratio. Berberine corrected all the disturbances in oxidative stress markers induced by lead administration. Berberine also prevented the elevated levels of enzymes (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase) and the decrease in body weight and albumin. The protective effects of berberine were comparable with silymarin. Furthermore, berberine attenuated liver damage, shown by decreased necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration. DISCUSSION Berberine represents a potential therapeutic option against lead-induced hepatotoxicity through inhibiting lipid peroxidation and enhancing antioxidant defenses. CONCLUSION Berberine exerted protective effects on lead-induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Hasanein
- a Department of Biology , School of Basic Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University , Hamedan , Iran
| | - Masumeh Ghafari-Vahed
- a Department of Biology , School of Basic Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University , Hamedan , Iran
| | - Iraj Khodadadi
- b Department of Medical Biochemistry , School of Medicine, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences , Iran
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17
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Jiang X, Li Z, Jiang S, Tong X, Zou X, Wang W, Zhang Z, Wu L, Tian D. Lipoxin A4 exerts protective effects against experimental acute liver failure by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. Int J Mol Med 2016; 37:773-80. [PMID: 26865215 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Although rare, acute liver failure (ALF) is associated with high levels of mortality, warranting the development of novel therapies. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) play roles in ALF. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) has been shown to alleviate inflammation in non-hepatic tissues. In the present study, we explored whether LXA4 exerted hepatoprotective effects in a rat model of ALF. A rat model of ALF was generated by intraperitoneal injections of D-galactosamine (300 mg/kg) and lipopolysaccharide (50 µg/kg). Animals were randomly assigned to: control group (no ALF); model group (ALF); and the groups treated with a low dose (0.5 µg/kg), medium dose (1 µg/kg), and high dose (2 µg/kg) of LXA4 (all with ALF); and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC)-treated group (ALF and 100 mg/kg PDTC, an inhibitor of NF-κB). Liver histology was measured using H&E staining, serum levels by ELISA, and liver mRNA expression was measured by RT-PCR for the detection of the pro‑inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6. Liver cell apoptosis (as measured using the TUNEL method and examining caspase-3 activity), and Kupffer cell NF-κB activity [using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA)] were examined. Serum levels of transaminases, TNF-α and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were substantially higher in the model group compared to controls. In the model group, significant increases in TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA expression, TUNEL‑positive cells, and caspase-3 activity in the liver tissue were noted. LXA4 improved liver pathology and significantly decreased the indicators of inflammatory response and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. High-dose LXA4 provided better protection than PDTC. LXA4 administration significantly decreased NF-κB expression in hepatocytes and Kupffer cells. These results indicated that LXA4 inhibited NF-κB activation, reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and inhibited apoptosis of liver cells, thereby exerting protective effects against ALF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqiang Jiang
- Department of Infection, Dongfeng Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Medical University, Shiyan, Hubei 442008, P.R. China
| | - Zhihao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Dongfeng General Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Medical University, Shiyan, Hubei 442008, P.R. China
| | - Shengfang Jiang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, People's Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Medical University, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Xuefei Tong
- Shennong Wudang Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shiyan Hospital of TCM Affiliated to Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442012, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Zou
- Department of Emergency, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Wan Wang
- Department of Infection, Dongfeng Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Medical University, Shiyan, Hubei 442008, P.R. China
| | - Zhengang Zhang
- Department of Infection, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Liang Wu
- Department of Infection, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Deying Tian
- Department of Infection, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
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18
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Liu H, Liu Z, Zhao S, Sun C, Yang M. Effect of BML-111 on the intestinal mucosal barrier in sepsis and its mechanism of action. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:3101-6. [PMID: 25955406 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
5(S),6(R)-7-trihydroxymethyl heptanoate (BML-111) is an lipoxin A4 receptor agonist, which modulates the immune response and attenuates hemorrhagic shock-induced acute lung injury. However, the role of BML-111 in sepsis and in the intestinal mucosal barrier are not well understood. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the effect of BML-111 on the intestinal mucosal barrier in a rat model of sepsis. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism of action of BML-111 was evaluated. The cecal ligation and puncture-induced rat model of sepsis was constructed, and BML-111 was administered at three different doses. The results revealed that BML-111 suppressed the elevation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6, while enhancing the elevation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine transforming growth factor-β in the intestine. In addition, BML-111 significantly upregulated rat defensin-5 mRNA expression levels and downregulated the induction of cell apoptosis as well as caspase-3 activity in the intestine. All these results demonstrated that BML-111 exerted protective effects on the intestinal mucosal barrier in sepsis. Further, it was indicated that alterations in the expression of toll-like receptor (TLR)2 and TLR4 may be one of the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effect of BML-111. The present study therefore suggested that BML-111 may be a novel therapeutic agent for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaizheng Liu
- Emergency and Intensive Care Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Zuoliang Liu
- Emergency and Intensive Care Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Shangping Zhao
- Emergency and Intensive Care Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Chuanzheng Sun
- Emergency and Intensive Care Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Mingshi Yang
- Emergency and Intensive Care Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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19
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Qin WT, Wang X, Shen WC, Sun BW. A novel role of kukoamine B: Inhibition of the inflammatory response in the livers of lipopolysaccharide-induced septic mice via its unique property of combining with lipopolysaccharide. Exp Ther Med 2015; 9:725-732. [PMID: 25667619 PMCID: PMC4316986 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Kukoamine B (KB), derived from the traditional Chinese herb cortex Lycii, exerts anti-inflammatory effects due to its potent affinity with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and CpG DNA; however, little is known regarding whether the in vivo administration of KB can effectively inhibit inflammation in septic mice. The present study thus aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of KB on the inflammatory response in the livers of LPS-induced septic mice. KB treatment in the LPS-induced septic mice significantly decreased the plasma level of LPS. In addition, KB protected against liver injury, as confirmed by improved histology and decreased aminotransferase levels in the serum. Further experiments revealed that KB attenuated liver myeloperoxidase activity and reduced the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1. These effects were accompanied by decreases in the levels of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1β in the liver tissue. In parallel, the activity of nuclear factor-κ-gene binding (NF-κB) in the livers of LPS-induced septic mice was markedly inhibited with KB treatment. In combination, these results demonstrate that KB inhibits inflammation in septic mice by reducing the concentrations of plasma LPS, decreasing leukocyte sequestration and interfering with NF-κB activation, and, therefore, suppressing the pro-adhesive phenotype of endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Qin
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Chang Shen
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Bing-Wei Sun
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
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Bai J, Wang S. Panaxatriol saponin ameliorated liver injury by acetaminophen via restoring thioredoxin-1 and pro-caspase-12. Liver Int 2014; 34:963. [PMID: 24397281 DOI: 10.1111/liv.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Bai
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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