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Rostaei M, Fallah S, Carrubba A, Lorigooini Z. Organic manures enhance biomass and improve content, chemical compounds of essential oil and antioxidant capacity of medicinal plants: A review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e36693. [PMID: 39296011 PMCID: PMC11408794 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The current farming systems strongly depend on chemical fertilizers (CF), which are widely applied to increase crop yield worldwide. However, although CF enhance crop yield in the short term, their excessive and long-term application can have adverse effects on environmental and human health. One of the most important goals of sustainable agriculture is substituting CF with organic manures. Organic manures can be used as a low-cost and safe alternative for CF. They contain essential nutrients for crop growth, improve soil conditions and nutrient availability, increase plant growth, and ultimately enhance yield. The application of organic manures to medicinal plants (MP) is more critical than to other plants, because organic manures not only enhance the growth and productivity of MP but also modify quality of their products. In this review, the effect of different types of organic manures on the biomass, content and chemical compositions of essential oil and antioxidant activity of various MP has been investigated. The included information was gathered from scientific databases such as Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus. Many of the collected studies showed that organic manures increase biomass and improve the quality of these plants. The findings of this review indicate that broiler litter (BL) and compost (C) are highly recommended as organic manures to promote biomass. Moreover, C, sheep manure, and vermicompost (VC) are suggested as the optimal organic manures for enhancing the essential oil content. Organic manures significantly changed the aroma profile of the essential oils and in many cases, they enhanced major chemical compositions. The usage of VC raised the content of the linalool of studied MP. Most of the organic manures, especially BL, VC, farmyard manure, and poultry manure increased the antioxidant activity of these plants. Hence, the utilization of organic manures can be recommended for productivity enhancement and quality improvement of MP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rostaei
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Sina Fallah
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Alessandra Carrubba
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Zahra Lorigooini
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Osorio-Olivares ME, Vásquez-Martínez Y, Díaz K, Canelo J, Taborga L, Espinoza-Catalán L. Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of Synthetic Polyoxygenated Flavonoids. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5999. [PMID: 38892186 PMCID: PMC11172986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are an abundant class of naturally occurring compounds with broad biological activities, but their limited abundance in nature restricts their use in medicines and food additives. Here we present the synthesis and determination of the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of twenty-two structurally related flavonoids (five of which are new) by scientifically validated methods. Flavanones (FV1-FV11) had low inhibitory activity against the bacterial growth of MRSA 97-7. However, FV2 (C5,7,3',4' = OH) and FV6 (C5,7 = OH; C4' = SCH3) had excellent bacterial growth inhibitory activity against Gram-negative E. coli (MIC = 25 µg/mL for both), while Chloramphenicol (MIC = 25 µg/mL) and FV1 (C5,7,3' = OCH3; 4' = OH) showed inhibitory activity against Gram-positive L. monocytogenes (MIC = 25 µg/mL). From the flavone series (FO1-FO11), FO2 (C5,7,3',4' = OH), FO3 (C5,7,4' = OH; 3' = OCH3), and FO5 (C5,7,4' = OH) showed good inhibitory activity against Gram-positive MRSA 97-7 (MIC = 50, 12, and 50 µg/mL, respectively), with FO3 being more active than the positive control Vancomycin (MIC = 25 µg/mL). FO10 (C5,7= OH; 4' = OCH3) showed high inhibitory activity against E. coli and L. monocytogenes (MIC = 25 and 15 µg/mL, respectively). These data add significantly to our knowledge of the structural requirements to combat these human pathogens. The positions and number of hydroxyl groups were key to the antibacterial and antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yesseny Vásquez-Martínez
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Laboratorio de Virología Molecular y Control de Patógenos, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (Y.V.-M.); (J.C.)
| | - Katy Díaz
- Laboratorio de Pruebas Biológicas, Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile;
| | - Javiera Canelo
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Laboratorio de Virología Molecular y Control de Patógenos, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (Y.V.-M.); (J.C.)
| | - Lautaro Taborga
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile;
| | - Luis Espinoza-Catalán
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile;
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Aziz MI, Hasan MM, Ullah R, Bari A, Khan MA, Hasnain SZU, Baloch R, Akram M, Obaid A, Ullah A, Abbas K, Amin A. Potential role of Citrus bergamia flower essential oil against oral pathogens. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:157. [PMID: 38609946 PMCID: PMC11010433 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04457-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral bacterial infections are difficult to treat due to emergence of resistance against antibiotic therapy. Essential oils are considered emerging alternate therapy against bacterial infections and biofilms. We investigated Citrus bergemia flower essential oil against oral pathogens. METHODS The essential oil was analsyed using Gas Chromatography(GC-MS), in silico investigations, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antibiofilm and antiquorum sensing assays. RESULTS Gas Chromatography analysis confirmed presence of 17 compounds including 1,6-Octadien-3-ol,3,7-dimethyl, 48.17%), l-limonene (22.03%) and p-menth-1-ol, 8-ol (7.31%) as major components. In silico analysis showed compliance of all tested major components with Lipinski's rule, Bioavailability and antimicrobial activity using PASS (prediction of activity spectrum of substances). Molecular docking with transcriptional regulators 3QP5, 5OE3, 4B2O and 3Q3D revealed strong interaction of all tested compounds except 1,6-Octadien-3-ol,3,7-dimethyl. All tested compounds presented significant inhibition of DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) (IC50 0.65 mg/mL), H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) (63.5%) and high FRAP (ferrous reducing antioxidant power) value (239.01 µg). In antimicrobial screening a significant activity (MIC 0.125 mg/mL) against Bacillus paramycoides and Bacillus chungangensis was observed. Likewise a strong antibiofilm (52.1 - 69.5%) and anti-QS (quorum sensing) (4-16 mm) activity was recorded in a dose dependent manner. CONCLUSION It was therefore concluded that C. bergemia essential oil posess strong antioxidant, antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities against tested oral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran Aziz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mohtasheemul Hasan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Bari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohsin Abbas Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Syed Zia Ul Hasnain
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakaria University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Baloch
- Allama Iqbal Teaching Hospital, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Pakistan Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR), Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Obaid
- NPRL, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, 29050, D.I. Khan, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, Qurtaba University, D.I.Khan Campus, D.I.Khan, Pakistan
| | - Aziz Ullah
- Pukyong National University, Yangso-Ro, 48513, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Khizar Abbas
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakaria University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Amin
- NPRL, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, 29050, D.I. Khan, Pakistan.
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Iyengar P, Godoy-Brewer G, Maniyar I, White J, Maas L, Parian AM, Limketkai B. Herbal Medicines for the Treatment of Active Ulcerative Colitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2024; 16:934. [PMID: 38612967 PMCID: PMC11013716 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Herbal medicines are used by patients with IBD despite limited evidence. We present a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating treatment with herbal medicines in active ulcerative colitis (UC). A search query designed by a library informationist was used to identify potential articles for inclusion. Articles were screened and data were extracted by at least two investigators. Outcomes of interest included clinical response, clinical remission, endoscopic response, endoscopic remission, and safety. We identified 28 RCTs for 18 herbs. In pooled analyses, when compared with placebo, clinical response rates were significantly higher for Indigo naturalis (IN) (RR 3.70, 95% CI 1.97-6.95), but not for Curcuma longa (CL) (RR 1.60, 95% CI 0.99-2.58) or Andrographis paniculata (AP) (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.71-1.26). There was a significantly higher rate of clinical remission for CL (RR 2.58, 95% CI 1.18-5.63), but not for AP (RR 1.31, 95% CI 0.86-2.01). Higher rates of endoscopic response (RR 1.56, 95% CI 1.08-2.26) and remission (RR 19.37, 95% CI 2.71-138.42) were significant for CL. CL has evidence supporting its use as an adjuvant therapy in active UC. Research with larger scale and well-designed RCTs, manufacturing regulations, and education are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preetha Iyengar
- Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | | | - Isha Maniyar
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Jacob White
- Welch Library, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;
| | - Laura Maas
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;
| | - Alyssa M. Parian
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;
| | - Berkeley Limketkai
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
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Rahman MM, Soma MA, Sultana N, Hossain MJ, Sufian MA, Rahman MO, Rashid MA. Exploring therapeutic potential of Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz leaf and bark focusing on antioxidant, antithrombotic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antidiarrheal properties. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1654. [PMID: 37885464 PMCID: PMC10599101 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The study aimed to evaluate the pharmacological properties of methanolic extracts of leaves and barks of Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz (family: Lythraceae) focusing on antioxidant, thrombolytic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, analgesic, and antidiarrheal effects. Methods 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay, clot lysis, disc diffusion, and membrane stabilizing methods were employed to assess in vitro antioxidant, thrombolytic, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties of the leaf and bark methanolic extracts (ME) of W. fruticosa and different organic solvents, that is, petroleum ether (PE), dichloromethane (DCM), chloroform (CL), and aqueous (AQ) fractions. In addition, in vivo central and peripheral analgesic and antidiarrheal activities of both crude extracts were evaluated at two doses (200 and 400 mg/kg of body weight [bw]). Results All the extracts and fractions showed promising antioxidant properties by scavenging DDPH free radicals with IC50 of 6.11-20.79 μg/mL. AQ fraction (41.24%) of leaves and ME (44.90%) of bark exerted notable in vitro thrombolytic activity. The CL fraction of leaves and AQ fraction of the bark showed 43.16% and 45.37% inhibition of RBC hemolysis, respectively, compared to the inhibition of RBC hemolysis by aspirin in a hypotonic-induced membrane stabilizing assay. Besides, both extracts were observed to provide significant (p < 0.001) central and peripheral analgesic responses at both doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg bw. Furthermore, both doses of bark extract (p < 0.001) and the 400 mg/kg bw of leaf extract (p < 0.05) were observed to possess statistically significant antidiarrheal activity. Additionally, in an in vivo acute toxicity investigation, both extracts had a median lethal dose (LD50) greater than 5000 mg/kg bw, indicating their safety level. Conclusion The current study proves the ethnomedicinal uses of W. fruticosa; however, further studies are required for phytochemical screening to isolate the responsible bioactive compounds and discover the lead molecules from the plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mahfuzur Rahman
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Research Division, BCSIR Chattogram LaboratoriesBangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchChattogramBangladesh
| | | | - Nahid Sultana
- Department of BotanyJagannath UniversityDhakaBangladesh
| | - Md. Jamal Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesState University of BangladeshDhakaBangladesh
| | - Md. Abu Sufian
- Marketing Strategy DepartmentIncepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.DhakaBangladesh
| | - M. Oliur Rahman
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of DhakaDhakaBangladesh
| | - Mohammad A. Rashid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of DhakaDhakaBangladesh
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Mirniyam G, Rahimmalek M, Arzani A, Yavari P, Sabzalian MR, Ehtemam MH, Szumny A. Phytochemical, Morphological, and Physiological Variation in Different Ajowan ( Trachyspermum ammi L.) Populations as Affected by Salt Stress, Genotype × Year Interaction and Pollination System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10438. [PMID: 37445619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present research, 28 populations of ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi L.) were evaluated for agro-morphological traits and essential oil yield in two consecutive years. Then, selected ajowan populations from these two years were used for further morphophysiological and biochemical studies under different salinity levels (control, 60, 90, and 120 mM NaCl). The main components of the oil were thymol (32.7-54.29%), γ-terpinene (21.71-32.81%), and p-cymene (18.74-26.16%). Salt stress caused an increase in essential oil content in the Esfahfo and Qazvin populations. The highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents were found in the Arak population grown in 60 mM NaCl (183.83 mg TAE g-1 DW) and the Yazd population grown in 90 mM NaCl (5.94 mg QE g-1 DW). Moreover, the Yazd population exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity based on DPPH (IC50 = 1566 µg/mL) under 60 mM NaCl and the highest reducing power (0.69 nm) under 120 mM NaCl. The results revealed that low and moderate salt stress improves the phytochemicals of ajowan seeds, which are useful for pharmaceutical and food applications. In this research, some morphological traits, as well as essential oil yield, were evaluated in open pollinated versus self-pollinated plants. As a result, plant height, number of flowering branches, and crown diameter significantly decreased in some populations, while a significant increase was obtained for number of flowers per umbel and seed numbers per umbel. Finally, self-pollination of ajowan might provide new insights for further breeding programs to increase oil or thymol content in ajowan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gita Mirniyam
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 8415683111, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rahimmalek
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 8415683111, Iran
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ahmad Arzani
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 8415683111, Iran
| | - Parisa Yavari
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 8415683111, Iran
| | - Mohammad R Sabzalian
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 8415683111, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ehtemam
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 8415683111, Iran
| | - Antoni Szumny
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
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Taheri A, Ganjeali A, Arefi-Oskouie A, Çirak C, Cheniany M. The variability of phenolic constituents and antioxidant properties among wild populations of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:221-237. [PMID: 36875730 PMCID: PMC9981857 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01283-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, phenolic derivatives and antioxidant activities of fourteen Ziziphora clinopodioides populations, as well as LC-MS/MS analysis of three specific flavonoids were evaluated. Generally, high contents of phenolic derivatives were found in shoot extracts compared to roots. LC-MS/MS, a powerful analytical technique, was employed for the identification and quantify the individual flavonoids in Z. clinopodioides populations' extracts, in a quantity order of quercetin > rutin > apigenin. Scavenging activity by DPPH and FRAP was performed, and accordingly, in the shoot, the highest values for the DDPH were 4.61 ± 0.4 and 7.59 ± 0.26 µg ml- 1 in populations 1 and 13, respectively, and for the FRAP were 328.61 ± 5.54 and 292.84 ± 2.85 mg g DW- 1, in populations 6 and 1 respectively. Multivariate analysis results of the principal component analysis indicated the amount of polyphenols to be useful indicators in differentiating the geographical localities which explain 92.7% of the total variance. According to the results of hierarchical cluster analysis, the studied populations could be separated into two groups in that the contents of phenolic derivatives and antioxidant activities of different plant parts. Both shoot and root samples were well discriminated with the orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (R2X: 0.861; Q2: 0.47) model. The validity of the model was confirmed by using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and permutation tests. Such data make an important addition to our current knowledge of Ziziphora chemistry and are decisive in the identification of germplasms with a homogeneous phytochemical profile, high chemical content and bioactivity. The present results could also be helpful for the potential application of Z. clinopodioides in different kinds of industries as natural antioxidants. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01283-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Taheri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 91779-48974 Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Ganjeali
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 91779-48974 Mashhad, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Arefi-Oskouie
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Cüneyt Çirak
- Vocational High School of Bafra, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Monireh Cheniany
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 91779-48974 Mashhad, Iran
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Irfan Dar M, Qureshi MI, Zahiruddin S, Abass S, Jan B, Sultan A, Ahmad S. In Silico Analysis of PTP1B Inhibitors and TLC-MS Bioautography-Based Identification of Free Radical Scavenging and α-Amylase Inhibitory Compounds from Heartwood Extract of Pterocarpus marsupium. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:46156-46173. [PMID: 36570189 PMCID: PMC9773359 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus leads to metabolic impairment caused by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, giving rise to chronic diabetic complications and poor disease prognosis. The heartwood of Pterocarpus marsupium has been used in Ayurveda for a long time, and we sought to find the actual mechanism(s) driving its antidiabetic potential. Methanol was used to prepare the extract using a Soxhlet extraction, and the identification of metabolites was performed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and ultraperformance-liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy (UP-LCMS). The antioxidant potential of methanolic heartwood extract of Pterocarpus marsupium MHPM was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and a reducing power assay. The α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory potential of MHPM were investigated for their antidiabetic activity against acarbose. TLC-MS-bioautography was performed to identify the compounds responsible for possible antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. Moreover, targeting protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), a key regulator of insulin resistance, by identified metabolites from MHPM through molecular docking and all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations was also undertaken, suggesting its potential as an antidiabetic herb. The IC50 of free-radical scavenging activity of MHPM against DPPH was 156.342 ± 10.70 μg/mL. Further, the IC50 values of MHPM in α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymatic inhibitions were 158.663 ± 10.986 μg/mL and 180.21 ± 11.35 μg/mL, respectively. TLC-MS-bioautography identified four free radical scavenging metabolites, and vanillic acid identified by MS analysis showed both free radical scavenging activity and α-amylase inhibitory activity. Among the identified metabolites from MHPM, epicatechin showed significant PTP1B docking interactions, and its MD simulations revealed that PTP1B forms a stable protein-ligand complex with epicatechin throughout the progression, which indicates that epicatechin may be used as a promising scaffold in the development of the antidiabetic drug after isolation from Pterocarpus marsupium. Overall, these findings imply that Pterocarpus marsupium is a source of valuable metabolites that are accountable for its antioxidant and antidiabetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Irfan Dar
- Department
of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi110025, India
| | | | - Sultan Zahiruddin
- Centre
of Excellence in Unani Medicine (Pharmacognosy & Pharmacology)
and Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi110062, India
| | - Sageer Abass
- Department
of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi110025, India
| | - Bisma Jan
- Centre
of Excellence in Unani Medicine (Pharmacognosy & Pharmacology)
and Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi110062, India
- Department
of Food Technology School of Interdisciplinary Science & Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi110062, India
| | - Armiya Sultan
- Department
of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi110025, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Centre
of Excellence in Unani Medicine (Pharmacognosy & Pharmacology)
and Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi110062, India
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Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Pistacia vera L. Leaves oil. CHEMISTRY AFRICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-022-00558-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF TEMBESU (Fagraea fragrans Roxb.) LEAF. BIOVALENTIA: BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.24233/biov.8.2.2022.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbal medicine is becoming a trend in curing several diseases especially degenerative because of the bad effects of synthetic drugs. Tembesu plant (Fagraea fragrans Roxb.) is traditionally used for degenerative diseases. This study aims to separate bioactive compounds (active fraction), pure isolate compounds from tembesu leaf, then observe antioxidant activity. The methods used are maceration extraction, liquid-liquid fractionation, purification of compounds by gravity chromatography column and antioxidant activity by scavenging DPPH radicals. The results showed that the active antioxidant fractions were n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions. The results of purification of antioxidant compounds, obtained 6 isolates N1, N2, N4, N5, E8 and E11. Antioxidant activity (IC50) of pure isolates N1 (13.72 ppm), N2 (28.93 ppm), N4 (110.44 ppm), N5 (177.23 ppm), E8 (82.50 ppm) and E11 (12 ,86 ppm). The antioxidant compounds that have been isolated are terpenes (N1, N2, N4, E8), phenols (N5) and flavonoids (E11). This study concluded that tembesu leaf have antioxidant potential. Antioxidant bioactive compounds in tembesu leaf have the potential to be developed into standardized herbs and phytopharmaceuticals.
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Environmentally friendly synthesis of Ag/SiO2 nanoparticles using Thymus kotschyanus extract and its application as a green catalyst for synthesis of spirooxindoles. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-022-04667-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Identification and quantification of phenolic and volatile constituents in five different Anatolian thyme species using LC–MS/MS and GC-MS, with biological activities. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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13
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Chaouche M, Demirtaş İ, Koldaş S, Tüfekçi AR, Gül F, Özen T, Wafa N, Boureghda A, Bora N. Phytochemical Study and Antioxidant Activities of the Water-Soluble Aerial Parts and Isolated Compounds of Thymus munbyanus subsp. ciliatus (Desf.) Greuter & Burdet. Turk J Pharm Sci 2021; 18:430-437. [PMID: 34496483 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.44538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The present study aimed to determine the phenolic compounds present in the water-soluble extracts of Thymus munbyanus subsp. ciliatus using high pressure liquid chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MS). These phenolic compounds were further isolated and characterized for their antioxidant activities. Materials and Methods The aerial parts of T. munbyanus subsp. ciliatus were air dried, powdered, and extracted using water:methanol three times. The concentrated hydromethanolic extract was further dissolved in H2O, filtered, and successively extracted using ethyl acetate, chloroform, and n-butanol. T. munbyanus extracts were further purified using column chromatography, and the purified extracts were subjected to in vitro antioxidant assays. Results Two previously undescribed compounds, namely methyl 2,3,5,6-tetrahydroxybenzoate and 4-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-oxo-2H-pyran-3-carboxylic acid, and 14 known compounds, including 3 flavonoids; namely 3',5,5',7-tetrahydroxyflavanone, luteolin, and isorhamnetin-3-O-β-glucoside; a sterol glucoside named daucosterol; and 10 phenolic compounds, namely salicylic acid, ferulic acid, pluchoic acid, ethyl caffeate, methyl caffeate, protocatechuic acid, rosmarinic acid, p-coumaric acid, tyrosol, and protocatechuic aldehyde, were isolated from ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts. The isolated compounds were characterized using 1D-2D-1H-13C nuclear magnetic resonance and MS methods. Conclusion The compounds isolated from ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts exhibited excellent antioxidant and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activities. All these results highlighted the antioxidant potential of the isolated phenolic compounds and extracts, which could be further utilized for different pharmacological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massika Chaouche
- Mentouri Constantine Valorization of Natural Resources University, Department of Chemistry, Bioactive Molecules and Biological Analysis Unit, Constantine, Algeria
| | - İbrahim Demirtaş
- Iğdır University Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Iğdır, Turkey
| | - Serkan Koldaş
- Çankırı Karatekin University Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Çankırı, Turkey
| | - Ali Rıza Tüfekçi
- Çankırı Karatekin University Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Çankırı, Turkey
| | - Fatih Gül
- Iğdır University Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Iğdır, Turkey
| | - Tevfik Özen
- Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Nouioua Wafa
- Ferhat Abbas Setif University Faculty of Natural Life and Sciences, Laboratory of Phytotherapy Applied to Chronic Diseases, El Bez, Algeria
| | - Ahcène Boureghda
- Mentouri Constantine Valorization of Natural Resources University, Department of Chemistry, Bioactive Molecules and Biological Analysis Unit, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Neslihan Bora
- Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Samsun, Turkey
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Sarfaraz D, Rahimmalek M, Saeidi G. Polyphenolic and molecular variation in Thymus species using HPLC and SRAP analyses. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5019. [PMID: 33658577 PMCID: PMC7930249 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84449-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present research, inter and intra genetic variability of 77 accessions belonging to 11 Thymus species were assessed using eight SRAP primer combinations. High polymorphism (98.3%) was observed in the studied species. The cluster analysis classified Thymus species into five main groups. According to molecular variance (AMOVA) analysis, 63.14% of total genetic variation was obtained within the species, while 36.86% of variation was observed among species. STRUCTURE analysis was also performed to estimate the admixture of species. For instance, T. carmanicus and T. transcaspicus revealed high admixtures. HPLC analysis also demonstrated the presence of rosmarinic acid (32.3–150.7 mg/100 g DW), salvianolic acid (8–90 mg/100 g DW), and cinnamic acid (1.7–32.3 mg/100 g DW) as major phenolic acids, as well as apigenin, epicatechin, and naringenin as the major flavonoids. The highest phenolic and flavonoid contents were detected in T. transcaspicus (37.62 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) g−1 DW) and T. vulgaris (8.72 mg quercetin equivalents (QE) g−1 DW), respectively. The antioxidant properties and total phenolic of Thymus species were examined using DPPH and β-carotene-linoleic acid model systems and consequently T. vulgaris and T. pubescens were detected with the highest and the lowest antioxidant activities respectively. Cluster and principal Components Analysis (PCA) of the components classified the species in to three groups. Finally, similarity within some species was observed comparing molecular and phytochemical markers. For instance, T. vulgaris separated from other species according to major polyphenolic profiles and molecular analyses, as well as T. transcaspicus, T. carmanicus, and T. fedtschenkoi that were clustered in the same groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danial Sarfaraz
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156 83111, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rahimmalek
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156 83111, Isfahan, Iran. .,Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Ghodratollah Saeidi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156 83111, Isfahan, Iran
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Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Helianthus tuberosus L. Induces Anti-Diabetic, and Wound-Healing Activities in Insulin-Resistant Human Liver Cancer and Mouse Fibroblast Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010099. [PMID: 33445702 PMCID: PMC7828129 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine are globally accepted alternative methods for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the mechanism of anti-diabetic effects of Helianthus tuberosus L. remains unproven. In the present study, antioxidant and anti-diabetic activity of the tubers of H. tuberosus were studied in detail. Methanolic extracts of H. tuberosus tubers were subjected to solvent fractionation method by increasing the polarity of the solvent using n-hexane, and ethyl acetate. The obtained methanol extracts and its fractions were subjected to free radical scavenging activity (DPPH and ABTS assay) and in vitro enzyme (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) inhibition assay. Moreover, glucose uptake in insulin-resistant HepG2 cell line was analyzed. The preliminary phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds in the active fraction. The radical scavenging and in vitro diabetic related enzyme inhibitory activities were found to be dose dependent. The maximum ABTS+ and DPPH scavenging activity was documented in ethyl acetate fraction of the H. tuberosus followed by methanol extract, hexane fraction, and methanol fraction. We also found that H. tuberosus showed a less toxicity in mouse fibroblast cells and enhance the glucose uptake in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells. Besides, the ethyl acetate fraction of the H. tuberosus analyzed by UPLC-QTOF-MS-MS and GC/MS revealed the presence of phenolic compounds such as neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, 5-O-(4-coumaroyl)-quinic acid, feruloylquinic acid, caffeoylquinic acid, isoxazolidine, salicylic acid β-D-glucoside, dicaffeoylquinic acid isomers, salvianolic acid derivative isomers, and 1,4 dicaffeoylquinic acid etc. Among the identified phytochemicals, six were chosen for molecular docking study to explore their its inhibitory interactions with α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Taken together, the findings of the present study suggested that phytocompounds of EAF were responsible for the significant in vitro antioxidant, wound-healing, and anti-diabetic activities.
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El Moudden H, El Idrissi Y, Belmaghraoui W, Belhoussaine O, El Guezzane C, Bouayoun T, Harhar H, Tabyaoui M. Olive mill wastewater polyphenol‐based extract as a vegetable oil shelf life extending additive. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamza El Moudden
- Laboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment Faculty of Sciences Mohammed V University of Rabat Rabat Morocco
| | - Yousra El Idrissi
- Laboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment Faculty of Sciences Mohammed V University of Rabat Rabat Morocco
| | - Walid Belmaghraoui
- Laboratory of Spectroscopy Nanomaterials, Water and Environment Faculty of Sciences Mohammed V University of Rabat Materials Rabat Morocco
| | - Oumaima Belhoussaine
- Laboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment Faculty of Sciences Mohammed V University of Rabat Rabat Morocco
| | - Chakir El Guezzane
- Laboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment Faculty of Sciences Mohammed V University of Rabat Rabat Morocco
| | - Taoufik Bouayoun
- Laboratoire de Recherches et d'Analyses Techniques et Scientifiques ‐ LARATES Rabat‐Instituts CP Rabat Morocco
| | - Hicham Harhar
- Laboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment Faculty of Sciences Mohammed V University of Rabat Rabat Morocco
| | - Mohamed Tabyaoui
- Laboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment Faculty of Sciences Mohammed V University of Rabat Rabat Morocco
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Chemical Composition and Bioactivity of Essential Oil of Ten Labiatae Species. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204862. [PMID: 33096843 PMCID: PMC7587947 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Using antibiotics as feed additives have been successively banned worldwide from 1986; therefore, it is an urgent task to finding safe and effective alternatives. As natural products of plant origin, essential oils (EOs) are an outstanding option due to their reported bioactivity. In this research, ten EOs of Labiatae species were extracted by steam distillation and its chemical constituents were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 123 chemical compounds, including alkenes, phenols, aldehydes and ketones, were identified. The results of antioxidant activity carried out through DPPH free radical scavenging (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), showing that EOs of Ocimum basilicum Linn. (ObEO), Thymus mongolicus Ronn. (TmEO), Origanum vulgare Linn. (OvEO) and Mosla chinensis Maxim. (McEO) have strong antioxidant activities. Their 50%-inhibitory concentration (IC50) value was <1.00, 1.42, 1.47 and 1.92 μg/mL, respectively; and their FRAP value was 1536.67 ± 24.22, 271.84 ± 4.93, 633.71 ± 13.14 and 480.66 ± 29.90, respectively. The results of filter paper diffusion showing that McEO, OvEO and TmEO inhibition zone diameter (IZD) are all over 30 mm. The results of two-fold dilution method showed that McEO, OvEO and TmEO have strong antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and their minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) value was 1 μL/mL, 2 μL/mL, and 2 μL/mL, respectively. In conclusion, the results in this work demonstrate the possibility for development and application of EOs as potential feed additives.
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18
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Aras A, Türkan F, Yildiko U, Atalar MN, Kılıç Ö, Alma MH, Bursal E. Biochemical constituent, enzyme inhibitory activity, and molecular docking analysis of an endemic plant species, Thymus migricus. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01375-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Kumar SS, Manasa V, Tumaney AW, B K B, Chaudhari SR, Giridhar P. Chemical composition, nutraceuticals characterization, NMR confirmation of squalene and antioxidant activities of Basella rubra L. seed oil. RSC Adv 2020; 10:31863-31873. [PMID: 35518177 PMCID: PMC9056543 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06048h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Basella rubra (Malabar spinach) is a commonly consumed green leafy vegetable in southern parts of India. The chemical composition, nutraceuticals characterization, squalene Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), in vitro antioxidant activities and cytotoxicity of B. rubra seed oil (33.08%) was investigated. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis revealed the presence of palmitic (27.21 μmol%), oleic (33.83 μmol%) and linoleic acid (26.02 μmol%) with a total of 64.38 μmol% unsaturated fatty acids respectively. HPLC nutraceutical characterization showed a major constituent of gallic acid (11.23 mg%), γ-tocopherols (17.74 mg%), cycloartenylferulate (1.7 mg%), and squalene (1 g%). Squalene was further recovered (98%), purified (99.9%), and confirmed through 1H and 13C NMR. The in vitro antioxidant activities recorded by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (EC50 = 6 mg mL-1), ferric reducing antioxidant power (361.85 mM of Trolox Eq./100 g) and 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (EC50 = 56.19 mg mL-1) scavenging activity. In vitro cytotoxicity assessed on 3T3-L1 showed good cell survival without any toxicity (upto 400 μg mL-1). B. rubra seed oil has proven nutraceuticals and antioxidant potentials with least toxicity which can be recommended for functional foods applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandopu Sravan Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
- Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, CSIR - Central Food Technological Research Institute Mysore-570020 India
| | - Vallamkondu Manasa
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
- Department of Lipid Science, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Central Food Technological Research Institute Mysore-570020 India
| | - Ajay W Tumaney
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
- Department of Lipid Science, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Central Food Technological Research Institute Mysore-570020 India
| | - Bettadaiah B K
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
- Department of Spice and Flavour Sciences, CSIR - Central Food Technological Research Institute Mysore-570020 India
| | - Sachin Rama Chaudhari
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
- Department of Spice and Flavour Sciences, CSIR - Central Food Technological Research Institute Mysore-570020 India
| | - Parvatam Giridhar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
- Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, CSIR - Central Food Technological Research Institute Mysore-570020 India
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20
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Wei P, Zhu K, Cao J, Dong Y, Li M, Shen X, Duan Z, Li C. The inhibition mechanism of the texture deterioration of tilapia fillets during partial freezing after treatment with polyphenols. Food Chem 2020; 335:127647. [PMID: 32739816 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The inhibition mechanism of the texture deterioration of tilapia fillets after treatment with polyphenols during partial freezing for 49 days was studied. Carnosic acid (CA), procyanidin (PA), quercetin (QE), and resveratrol (RSV) treatments had significantly higher hardness values (over 230 g) than the control group (183 g) on day 49 (P < 0.05). Polyphenol treatments were effective in delaying the protein degradation, lipid oxidation and spoilage microbe growth. Moreover, the kinetic model showed that the predicted shelf life of tilapia fillets treated with PA (102 d) was extended by 25 d compared to the control group (77 d). It was the proposed possible mechanism that polyphenols comprehensively maintained the protein conformation (increased hydrogen bonds and decreased disulfide bonds) and retarded protein denaturation and degradation, protecting the texture of the fillets. Therefore, polyphenols can be used to maintain texture and extend the shelf life of tilapia fillets during partial freezing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Wei
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Kexue Zhu
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wanning 571533, China
| | - Jun Cao
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yue Dong
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Mengzhe Li
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xuanri Shen
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Zhenhua Duan
- Institute of Food Science and Engineering, Hezhou University, Hezhou 542899, China
| | - Chuan Li
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
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21
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Johnson J, Collins T, Walsh K, Naiker M. Solvent extractions and spectrophotometric protocols for measuring the total anthocyanin, phenols and antioxidant content in plums. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01261-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Physicochemical characterization, fatty acid profile, antioxidant activity and antibacterial potential of cacay oil, coconut oil and cacay butter. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232224. [PMID: 32343717 PMCID: PMC7188257 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Amazon region is rich in genetic resources such as oilseeds which have potentially important local commercial exploitation. Despite its high concentration of bioactive compounds, cacay (Caryodendron orinocense Karst.) oil is poorly investigated and explored. Thus, this study focuses on the physicochemical characterization (moisture, density, and saponification, iodine, and acidity values), fatty acid composition as determined by gas chromatograph mass spectrometry (GC/MS), total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assay) of cacay oil, coconut oil and a coconut/cacay oil blend, also known as cacay butter. The antibacterial activity of cacay oil was additionally evaluated. Our study demonstrated that cacay oil presents a high amount of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) (58.3%) with an emphasis on linoleic acid and a lower acidity value (2.67 ± 0.01 cg I2/g) than butter and coconut oil, indicating a low concentration of free fatty acids. In contrast, cacay butter and coconut oil presented higher saturated fatty acid percentages (69.1% and 78.4%, respectively) and higher saponification values (242.78 and 252.22 mg KOH/g, respectively). The samples showed low moisture and relative density between 912 and 916 kg/m3. The hydrophilic fraction of cacay oil was highlighted in the quantification of TPC (326.27 ± 6.79 mg GAE/kg) and antioxidant capacity in vitro by DPPH radical scavenging assay (156.57 ± 2.25 μmol TE/g). Cacay oil inhibited the growth of Bacillus cereus (44.99 ± 7.68%), Enterococcus faecalis (27.76 ± 0.00%), and Staphylococcus aureus (11.81 ± 3.75%). At long last, this is the first study reporting the physicochemical characterization and bioactive properties of cacay butter. Coconut oil and cacay butter showed great oxidative stability potential due to higher contents of saturated fatty acids. Moreover, cacay oil presents as an alternative source of raw materials for cosmetic and biotechnology industries due to its high concentration of PUFA and for being a rich source of phenolic compounds.
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Prakoso YA, Kurniasih K, Wijayanti AD, Kristianingrum YP. Treatment of experimentally induced diabetic wound infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus using Aloe vera, Apium graveolens, and Sauropus androgynus extracts in rats. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONE HEALTH 2019. [DOI: 10.14202/ijoh.2019.99-106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: One of the complications of diabetes mellitus is diabetic ulcer. Diabetic ulcer is commonly infected by infectious agents, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). This study aimed to evaluate the potential effects of alcoholic extracts of Aloe vera, Apium graveolens, and Sauropus androgynus on promoting wound healing in a diabetic wound infected with MRSA.
Materials and Methods: A total of 60 male Sprague-Dawley rats (6 months old, weighing 250-300 g) were injected with 65 mg/kg body weight of streptozotocin to induce diabetes. On day 7, the backs of the rats were shaved, and two circular wounds (4 mm in diameter) were created on their back, which were infected with MRSA. The rats were divided into six groups: Group I = control, Group II = treated with cream base without extract, Group III = treated with 2% A. vera cream, Group IV = treated with 2% A. graveolens cream, Group V = treated with 2% S. androgynus cream, and Group VI = treated with 2% A. vera + 2% A. graveolens + 2% S. androgynus cream. The wounds were treated twice a day for 14 days. The data were collected on days 7 and 14.
Results: The results showed that all three herbal extracts and their combination decreased wound area and percentage of the wound, increased tensile strength of skin, collagen deposition, vascular endothelial growth factor expression, and skin thickness, and depressed the C-reactive protein profile and cyclooxygenase-2 expression.
Conclusion: A. vera, A. graveolens, and S. androgynus creams can be used as herbal therapies against diabetic wounds infected with MRSA, both as a single and combination treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yos Adi Prakoso
- Doctoral Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya, East Java 60225, Indonesia
| | - Kurniasih Kurniasih
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Agustina Dwi Wijayanti
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
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Younis K, Ahmad S, Osama K, Malik MA. Optimization of de‐bittering process of mosambi (
Citrus limetta
) peel: Artificial neural network, Gaussian process regression and support vector machine modeling approach. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiser Younis
- Department of BioengineeringIntegral University Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India
- Department of Post‐Harvest Engineering and TechnologyAligarh Muslim University Aligarh Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Saghir Ahmad
- Department of Post‐Harvest Engineering and TechnologyAligarh Muslim University Aligarh Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Khwaja Osama
- Department of BioengineeringIntegral University Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Mudasir A. Malik
- Department of BioengineeringIntegral University Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India
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Haraoui N, Allem R, Chaouche TM, Belouazni A. In-vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of some varieties citrus grown in Algeria. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-019-00379-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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27
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Deli M, Ndjantou EB, Ngatchic Metsagang JT, Petit J, Njintang Yanou N, Scher J. Successive grinding and sieving as a new tool to fractionate polyphenols and antioxidants of plants powders: Application to Boscia senegalensis seeds, Dichrostachys glomerata fruits, and Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx powders. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:1795-1806. [PMID: 31139393 PMCID: PMC6526627 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present investigation aimed at evaluating the effect of powder fractionation based on particle size on the chemical composition in macronutrients, polyphenol contents, and antioxidant properties of powders of Boscia senegalensis seeds, Dichrostachys glomerata fruits, and Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces. Significant differences (p < 0.05) among granulometric classes of each plant were observed for the chemical composition in macronutrients. A decrease in particle size of plant powders was associated with an increase in ash, protein, and fat contents, while carbohydrate content was lowered. The following Granulometric classes, [0-180 µm] for Boscia senegalensis, [180-212 µm] for Dichrostachys glomerata, and [212-315 µm] for Hibiscus sabdariffa, respectively, were found to maximize total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. These results confirm that the grinding and controlled differential screening technology is an approach may serve as a useful guide to obtain optimum polyphenol extraction and enhance antioxidant activity of plant products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markusse Deli
- Food Sciences and Nutrition, ENSAIUniversity of NgaoundereNgaoundereCameroon
| | | | | | - Jeremy Petit
- Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Biomolécules (LIBio)Université de LorraineVandœuvre‐lès‐NancyFrance
| | - Nicolas Njintang Yanou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of SciencesUniversity of NgaoundereNgaoundereCameroon
| | - Joël Scher
- Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Biomolécules (LIBio)Université de LorraineVandœuvre‐lès‐NancyFrance
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Aouam I, EL Atki Y, Taleb M, Taroq A, EL Kamari F, Lyoussi B, Abdellaoui A. Antioxidant Capacities and Total Phenolic Contents of Thymus riatarum. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2019.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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In Vitro Study of Multi-Therapeutic Properties of Thymus bovei Benth. Essential Oil and Its Main Component for Promoting Their Use in Clinical Practice. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7090283. [PMID: 30223562 PMCID: PMC6162671 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7090283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymus bovei Benth. (TB) is an important plant in the traditional medicine of the Mediterranean region. This study investigates the health-promoting properties of TB essential oil (TB-EO) for its possible use in clinical practice with regards to its cytotoxic, anti-herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and antihypertensive (through inhibition of human angiotensin-converting enzyme; ACE) properties. The phytochemical profile of EO (99.9%) was analyzed by Gas Chromatography with Flame-Ionization Detection (GC-FID) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). In this study, all biological methods were performed at the level of in vitro studies. The results showed that TB-EO exerted remarked cytotoxic properties against human cervical carcinoma cells, colon cancer cells, and lung adenocarcinoma cells with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 7.22, 9.30, and 8.62 µg/mL, respectively, in comparison with that of standard anticancer drug cisplatin with IC50 values of 4.24, 5.21, and 5.43 µg/mL, respectively. Fascinatingly, TB-EO showed very weak cytotoxicity on the healthy human fetal lung fibroblast cells with an IC50 value of 118.34 µg/mL compared with that of cisplatin (IC50 = 10.08 µg/mL). TB-EO, its main component geraniol, TB-EO combined with acyclovir (ACV) along with standard ACV, have displayed pronounced inhibitory properties against the replication of HSV-2 with the half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) values of 2.13, 1.92, 0.81 and 1.94 µg/mL, respectively, with corresponding selectivity indices (SI) 98.59, 109.38, 259.26 and 108.25, respectively. TB-EO and geraniol at a concentration of 15 µg/mL showed prominent inhibitory activities against ACE with % of inhibition 95.4% and 92.2%, respectively, compared with that of standard inhibitor captopril (99.8%; 15 µg/mL). Molecular docking studies were performed to unveil the mechanism of action of geraniol as well as structural parameters necessary for anti-HSV-2 activity (through the inhibition of HSV-2 protease) and ACE inhibition. This is the first report on the chemical composition of Egyptian TB-EO along with the above-mentioned biological activities. Our results may be considered as novel findings in the course of a search for new and active anticancer, anti-HSV-2 and antihypertensive agents, and expand the medicinal value of this plant and its phytochemicals in clinical practice.
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Fernández-Rojas B, Gutiérrez-Venegas G. Flavonoids exert multiple periodontic benefits including anti-inflammatory, periodontal ligament-supporting, and alveolar bone-preserving effects. Life Sci 2018; 209:435-454. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Lou W, Chen Y, Ma H, Liang G, Liu B. Antioxidant and α-amylase inhibitory activities of tannic acid. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2018; 55:3640-3646. [PMID: 30150823 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3292-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Tannic acid widely exists in plants, which forms a part of human diet. The antioxidant activity of tannic acid was evaluated by the chemical and cellular antioxidant assays. And its α-amylase inhibitory activity and behavior were also investigated. It was found that hydrogen- and electron donating capacities of tannic acid were higher than those of tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) based on reducing power, ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging assays. But for its low hydrophobic property, the antioxidant activity of tannic acid in linoleic acid system was inferior to that of TBHQ. In the cellular antioxidant assay, tannic acid showed the higher activity than gallic acid in the "PBS wash" protocol, which could attribute to its high binding capacity of cell membrane. Compared with acarbose, tannic acid possessed the stronger α-amylase inhibitory capacity. And the static fluorescence quenching of α-amylase in the presence of tannic acid could be also observed, which was caused by their binding interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Lou
- 1School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003 China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- 2Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China
| | - Hanjun Ma
- 1School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003 China
| | - Guizhao Liang
- 3Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044 China
| | - Benguo Liu
- 1School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003 China
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Afonso AF, Pereira OR, Válega M, Silva AMS, Cardoso SM. Metabolites and Biological Activities of Thymus zygis, Thymus pulegioides, and Thymus fragrantissimus Grown under Organic Cultivation. Molecules 2018; 23:E1514. [PMID: 29932435 PMCID: PMC6099726 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymus plants are marketed for diverse usages because of their pleasant odor, as well as high nutritional value and wealth of health-promoting phytochemicals. In this study, Thymuszygis, Thymuspulegioides, and Thymusfragrantissimus grown under organic cultivation regime were characterized regarding nutrients and phenolic compounds. In addition, the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of these species were screened. The plants were particularly notable for their high K/Na ratio, polyunsaturated fatty acids content and low omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids ratios, which are valuable features of a healthy diet. Caffeic acid and/or its derivatives, mainly rosmarinic acid and caffeoyl rosmarinic acid, represented the majority of the phenolic constituents of these plants, although they were less representative in T. pulegioides, which in turn was the richest in flavones. The latter species also exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity (DPPH● EC50 of 9.50 ± 1.98 μg/mL and reducing power EC50 of 30.73 ± 1.48 μg/mL), while T. zygis was the most active towards Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Overall, the results suggest that the three thyme plants grown in organic farming are endowed with valuable metabolites that give them high commercial value for applications in different industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea F Afonso
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
- Public Health Laboratory of Bragança, Local Health Unit, Rua Eng. Adelino Amaro da Costa, 5300-146 Bragança, Portugal.
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technologies, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, School of Health Sciences, Av. D. Afonso V, 5300-121 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Olívia R Pereira
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technologies, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, School of Health Sciences, Av. D. Afonso V, 5300-121 Bragança, Portugal.
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Mónica Válega
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Artur M S Silva
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Susana M Cardoso
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Kumar V, Sharma AK, Rajput SK, Pal M, Dhiman N. Pharmacognostic and pharmacological evaluation of Eulaliopsis binata plant extracts by measuring in vitro/ in vivo safety profile and anti-microbial potential. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2018; 7:454-464. [PMID: 30090595 DOI: 10.1039/c8tx00017d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present investigation emphasizes the pharmacognostic and phytochemical screening of Eulaliopsis binata and further evaluates the extracts of this plant for toxicological profile and anti-bacterial potential based on in vivo/in vitro assays. Microscopy, powder characteristics of the leaf material, and physicochemical and phytochemical screening were assessed for pharmacognostic evaluation. Dry leaves of Eulaliopsis binata were extracted using different solvents (methanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane), and the extracts obtained were further investigated for in vitro/in vivo toxicological study. Moreover, acute toxicity was assessed by evaluating the anti-oxidant defense system and anatomical damage in vital organs. In addition, anti-bacterial activity of all the extracts was assessed by the Kirby-Bauer method. Physicochemical and microscopic observations showed the unique identification mark for leaf powder and leaf transverse section. Phytochemical investigation evidenced the presence of flavonoids and phenolic contents in the methanolic extract. All extracts were found to be hemocompatible and exhibited no induction of behavioral alteration and no alteration in the anti-oxidant potential and anatomical structure of the vital organs. On the other hand, the methanolic extract showed a significant upsurge in the reduced glutathione level, whereas all extracts showed significant anti-bacterial potential in a dose-dependent manner. Eulaliopsis binata has inimitable pharmacognostical characteristics, good safety profile and significant anti-oxidant and anti-bacterial potential that show immense possibility for its further investigation for pharmacological use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Amity University , Noida , Uttar Pradesh-201303 , India . ; Tel: +91 120 4392498, ext: 5557
| | - Arun K Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology , Amity University , Noida , Uttar Pradesh-201303 , India
| | - Satyendra K Rajput
- Department of Pharmacology , Amity University , Noida , Uttar Pradesh-201303 , India
| | - Mahesh Pal
- Phytochemistry Division , CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute , Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh-226001 , India
| | - Neerupma Dhiman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Amity University , Noida , Uttar Pradesh-201303 , India . ; Tel: +91 120 4392498, ext: 5557
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Zhang P, Hölscher C, Ma X. Therapeutic potential of flavonoids in spinal cord injury. Rev Neurosci 2018; 28:87-101. [PMID: 28045676 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2016-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a catastrophic event that can profoundly affect a patient's life, with far-reaching social and economic effects. A consequential sequence of SCI is the significant neurological or psychological deficit, which obviously contributes to the overall burden of this condition. To date, there is no effective treatment for SCI. Therefore, developing novel therapeutic strategies for SCI is highly prioritized. Flavonoids, one of the most numerous and ubiquitous groups of plant metabolites, are the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine such as Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Huang Qin) or Ginkgo biloba (Ying Xin). Accumulated research data show that flavonoids possess a range of key pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, anti-viral, anti-cardiovascular disease, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective effects. Based on this, the flavonoids show therapeutic potential for SCI diseases. In this paper, we will review the pharmacological properties of different types of flavonoids for the treatment of SCI diseases, and potential underlying biochemical mechanisms of action will also be described.
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Essential oil composition, total phenolic, flavonoid contents, and antioxidant activity of Thymus species collected from different regions of Iran. Food Chem 2017; 220:153-161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.09.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Semipurified Ethyl Acetate Partition of Methanolic Extract of Melastoma malabathricum Leaves Exerts Gastroprotective Activity Partly via Its Antioxidant-Antisecretory-Anti-Inflammatory Action and Synergistic Action of Several Flavonoid-Based Compounds. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:6542631. [PMID: 28168011 PMCID: PMC5267083 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6542631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent study has demonstrated the gastroprotective activity of crude methanolic extract of M. malabathricum leaves. The present study evaluated the gastroprotective potential of semipurified extracts (partitions): petroleum ether, ethyl acetate (EAMM), and aqueous obtained from the methanolic extract followed by the elucidation of the gastroprotective mechanisms of the most effective partition. Using the ethanol-induced gastric ulcer assay, all partitions exerted significant gastroprotection, with EAMM being the most effective partition. EAMM significantly (i) reduced the volume and acidity (free and total) while increasing the pH of gastric juice and enhanced the gastric wall mucus secretion when assessed using the pylorus ligation assay, (ii) increased the enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant activity of the stomach tissue, (iii) lost its gastroprotective activity following pretreatment with N-omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; NO blocker) or carbenoxolone (CBXN; NP-SH blocker), (iv) exerted antioxidant activity against various in vitro oxidation assays, and (v) showed moderate in vitro anti-inflammatory activity via the LOX-modulated pathway. In conclusion, EAMM exerts a remarkable NO/NP-SH-dependent gastroprotective effect that is attributed to its antisecretory and antioxidant activities, ability to stimulate the gastric mucus production and endogenous antioxidant system, and synergistic action of several gastroprotective-induced flavonoids.
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Costa CRR, Amorim BR, de Magalhães P, De Luca Canto G, Acevedo AC, Guerra ENS. Effects of Plants on Osteogenic Differentiation and Mineralization of Periodontal Ligament Cells: A Systematic Review. Phytother Res 2016; 30:519-31. [PMID: 26822584 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Revised: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of plants on osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of human periodontal ligament cells. The included studies were selected using five different electronic databases. The reference list of the included studies was crosschecked, and a partial gray literature search was undertaken using Google Scholar and ProQuest. The methodology of the selected studies was evaluated using GRADE. After a two-step selection process, eight studies were identified. Six different types of plants were reported in the selected studies, which were Morinda citrifolia, Aloe vera, Fructus cnidii, Zanthoxylum schinifolium, Centella asiatica, and Epimedium species. They included five types of isolated plant components: acemannan, osthole, hesperetin, asiaticoside, and icariin. In addition, some active substances of these components were identified as polysaccharides, coumarins, flavonoids, and triterpenes. The studies demonstrated the potential effects of plants on osteogenic differentiation, cell proliferation, mineral deposition, and gene and protein expression. Four studies showed that periodontal ligament cells induce mineral deposition after plant treatment. Although there are few studies on the subject, current evidence suggests that plants are potentially useful for the treatment of periodontal diseases. However, further investigations are required to confirm the promising effect of these plants in regenerative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruna Rabelo Amorim
- Oral Histopathology Laboratory, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Pérola de Magalhães
- Natural Products Laboratory, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Graziela De Luca Canto
- Brazilian Centre for Evidence-Based Research, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.,School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ana Carolina Acevedo
- Oral Histopathology Laboratory, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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Wentian C, Eric K, Jingyang Y, Shuqin X, Biao F, Xiaoming Z. Improving red radish anthocyanin yield and off flavor removal by acidified aqueous organic based medium. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra16936h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In view of the high content of the highly stable anthocyanin in red radish roots, the plant is considered as a potent source of natural anthocyanins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wentian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- China
| | - Karangwa Eric
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- China
| | - Yu Jingyang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- China
| | - Xia Shuqin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- China
| | - Feng Biao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- China
| | - Zhang Xiaoming
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- China
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