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Đukić V, Usman M, Khalid AN, Manojlović A, Zarić M, Čanović P, Živković-Zarić R, Manojlović N. Phytochemical composition and antitumor activity of a new arctic lichen Anamylopsora pakistanica. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38907658 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2365444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
For the first-time, chemical composition and in vitro antitumor activity was investigated of a newly described lichen Anamylopsora pakistanica Usman & Khalid from the second highest plateau of the world (Deosai Plains, Pakistan). HPLC-UV method was used for identification of secondary metabolites and the acetone extract had higher values of TPC (41.90 mg GA/g) and TFC (75.37 mg RE/g) as compared to methanol extract. As chemical constituents 5,7-dihydroxy-6-methylphthalide, haematommic acid and alectorialic acid, were identified as major compounds. Atranol, alectorialin, gyrophoric acid and usnic acid were detected as minor substances. Acetone and methanol extracts induced a dose-dependent and time-dependent decrease in the viability of three types of tumour cells HeLa, HCT116 and MDA-MB-231. This lichen extract can induce S phase arrest in HeLa as compared to the untreated cells. Extract of this unique lichen, A. pakistanica, can be used safely as a significant source of biologically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojislav Đukić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Fungal Biology and Systematics Research Laboratory, Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Nasir Khalid
- Fungal Biology and Systematics Research Laboratory, Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Anja Manojlović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milan Zarić
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Petar Čanović
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Radica Živković-Zarić
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nedeljko Manojlović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Simko P, Leskanicova A, Suvakova-Nunhart M, Koval J, Zidekova N, Karasova M, Majerova P, Verboova L, Blicharova A, Kertys M, Barvik I, Kovac A, Kiskova T. The First In Vivo Study Shows That Gyrophoric Acid Changes Behavior of Healthy Laboratory Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6782. [PMID: 38928485 PMCID: PMC11203575 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gyrophoric acid (GA), a lichen secondary metabolite, has attracted more attention during the last years because of its potential biological effects. Until now, its effect in vivo has not yet been demonstrated. The aim of our study was to evaluate the basic physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of GA, which are directly associated with its biological activities. The stability of the GA in various pH was assessed by conducting repeated UV-VIS spectral measurements. Microsomal stability in rat liver microsomes was performed using Ultra-Performance LC/MS. Binding to human serum albumin (HSA) was assessed using synchronous fluorescence spectra, and molecular docking analysis was used to reveal the binding site of GA to HSA. In the in vivo experiment, 24 Sprague-Dawley rats (Velaz, Únetice, Czech Republic) were used. The animals were divided as follows. The first group (n = 6) included healthy males as control intact rats (♂INT), and the second group (n = 6) included healthy females as controls (♀INT). Groups three and four (♂GA/n = 6 and ♀GA/n = 6) consisted of animals with daily administered GA (10 mg/kg body weight) in an ethanol-water solution per os for a one-month period. We found that GA remained stable under various pH and temperature conditions. It bonded to human serum albumin with the binding constant 1.788 × 106 dm3mol-1 to reach the target tissue via this mechanism. In vivo, GA did not influence body mass gain, food, or fluid intake during the experiment. No liver toxicity was observed. However, GA increased the rearing frequency in behavioral tests (p < 0.01) and center crossings in the elevated plus-maze (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). In addition, the time spent in the open arm was prolonged (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). Notably, GA was able to pass through the blood-brain barrier, indicating its ability to permeate into the brain and to stimulate neurogenesis in the hilus and subgranular zone of the hippocampus. These observations highlight the potential role of GA in influencing brain function and neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Simko
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia; (P.S.); (A.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Andrea Leskanicova
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia; (P.S.); (A.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Maria Suvakova-Nunhart
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Jan Koval
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia; (P.S.); (A.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Nela Zidekova
- Biomedical Center Martin (BioMed), Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University, 841 99 Bratislava, Slovakia; (N.Z.); (M.K.)
| | - Martina Karasova
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosic, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Petra Majerova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 831 01 Bratislava, Slovakia; (P.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Ludmila Verboova
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia; (L.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Alzbeta Blicharova
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia; (L.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Martin Kertys
- Biomedical Center Martin (BioMed), Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University, 841 99 Bratislava, Slovakia; (N.Z.); (M.K.)
| | - Ivan Barvik
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, 110 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Andrej Kovac
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 831 01 Bratislava, Slovakia; (P.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Terezia Kiskova
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia; (P.S.); (A.L.); (J.K.)
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Ahmad N, Ritz M, Calchera A, Otte J, Schmitt I, Brueck T, Mehlmer N. Biosynthetic gene cluster synteny: Orthologous polyketide synthases in Hypogymnia physodes, Hypogymnia tubulosa, and Parmelia sulcata. Microbiologyopen 2023; 12:e1386. [PMID: 37877655 PMCID: PMC10582450 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Lichens are symbiotic associations consisting of a photobiont (algae or cyanobacteria) and a mycobiont (fungus), which together generate a variety of unique secondary metabolites. To access this biosynthetic potential for biotechnological applications, deeper insights into the biosynthetic pathways and corresponding gene clusters are necessary. Here, we provide a comparative view of the biosynthetic gene clusters of three lichen mycobionts derived from Hypogymnia physodes, Hypogymnia tubulosa, and Parmelia sulcata. In addition, we present a high-quality PacBio metagenome of Parmelia sulcata, from which we extracted the mycobiont bin containing 214 biosynthetic gene clusters. Most biosynthetic gene clusters in these genomes were associated with T1PKSs, followed by NRPSs and terpenes. This study focused on biosynthetic gene clusters related to polyketide synthesis. Based on ketosynthase homology, we identified nine highly syntenic clusters present in all three species. Among the four clusters belonging to nonreducing PKSs, two are putatively linked to lichen substances derived from orsellinic acid (orcinol depsides and depsidones, e.g., lecanoric acid, physodic acid, lobaric acid), one to compounds derived from methylated forms of orsellinic acid (beta orcinol depsides, e.g., atranorin), and one to melanins. Five clusters with orthologs in all three species are linked to reducing PKSs. Our study contributes to sorting and dereplicating the vast PKS diversity found in lichenized fungi. High-quality sequences of biosynthetic gene clusters of these three common species provide a foundation for further exploration into biotechnological applications and the molecular evolution of lichen substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadim Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Werner Siemens Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, TUM School of Natural SciencesTechnical University of Munich (TUM)GarchingGermany
| | - Manfred Ritz
- Department of Chemistry, Werner Siemens Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, TUM School of Natural SciencesTechnical University of Munich (TUM)GarchingGermany
| | - Anjuli Calchera
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK‐F)Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Jürgen Otte
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK‐F)Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Imke Schmitt
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK‐F)Frankfurt am MainGermany
- Institute of Ecology, Evolution and DiversityGoethe University FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Thomas Brueck
- Department of Chemistry, Werner Siemens Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, TUM School of Natural SciencesTechnical University of Munich (TUM)GarchingGermany
| | - Norbert Mehlmer
- Department of Chemistry, Werner Siemens Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, TUM School of Natural SciencesTechnical University of Munich (TUM)GarchingGermany
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Ahmad N, Ritz M, Calchera A, Otte J, Schmitt I, Brueck T, Mehlmer N. Biosynthetic Potential of Hypogymnia Holobionts: Insights into Secondary Metabolite Pathways. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9050546. [PMID: 37233257 DOI: 10.3390/jof9050546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Lichens are symbiotic associations consisting of a photobiont (algae or cyanobacteria) and a mycobiont (fungus). They are known to produce a variety of unique secondary metabolites. To access this biosynthetic potential for biotechnological applications, deeper insights into the biosynthetic pathways and corresponding gene clusters are necessary. Here we provide a comprehensive view of the biosynthetic gene clusters of all organisms comprising a lichen thallus: fungi, green algae, and bacteria. We present two high-quality PacBio metagenomes, in which we identified a total of 460 biosynthetic gene clusters. Lichen mycobionts yielded 73-114 clusters, other lichen associated ascomycetes 8-40, green algae of the genus Trebouxia 14-19, and lichen-associated bacteria 101-105 clusters. The mycobionts contained mainly T1PKSs, followed by NRPSs, and terpenes; Trebouxia reads harbored mainly clusters linked to terpenes, followed by NRPSs and T3PKSs. Other lichen-associated ascomycetes and bacteria contained a mix of diverse biosynthetic gene clusters. In this study, we identified for the first time the biosynthetic gene clusters of entire lichen holobionts. The yet untapped biosynthetic potential of two species of the genus Hypogymnia is made accessible for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadim Ahmad
- Werner Siemens Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Manfred Ritz
- Werner Siemens Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Anjuli Calchera
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jürgen Otte
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Imke Schmitt
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Brueck
- Werner Siemens Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Norbert Mehlmer
- Werner Siemens Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748 Garching, Germany
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Adenubi OT, Famuyide IM, McGaw LJ, Eloff JN. Lichens: An update on their ethnopharmacological uses and potential as sources of drug leads. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115657. [PMID: 36007717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lichens, a unique symbiotic association between an alga/cyanobacterium and a fungus, produce secondary metabolites that are a promising source of novel drug leads. The beauty and importance of lichens have not been adequately explored despite their manifold biological activities such as anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and antiparasitic. AIM OF THE STUDY The present review collates and discusses the available knowledge on secondary metabolites and biological activities of lichens (in vitro and in vivo). MATERIALS AND METHODS Using relevant keywords (lichens, secondary metabolites, bioactivity, pharmacological activities), five electronic databases, namely ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and Recent Literature on Lichens, were searched for past and current scientific contributions up until May 2022. Literature focusing broadly on the bioactivity of lichens including their secondary metabolites were identified and summarized. RESULTS A total of 50 review articles and 189 research articles were searched. Information related to antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and insecticidal activities of 90 lichen species (from 13 families) and 12 isolated metabolites are reported. Over 90% of the studies comprised in vitro investigations, such as bioassays evaluating radical scavenging properties, lipid peroxidation inhibition and reducing power, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial bioassays of lichen species and constituents. In vivo studies were scarce and available only in fish and rats. Most of the studies were done by research groups in Brazil, France, Serbia, India and Turkey. There were relatively few reports from Asia and Africa despite the ubiquitous nature of lichens and the high occurrence in these continents. CONCLUSION Secondary metabolites from lichens are worthy of further investigation in terms of their potential therapeutic applicability, including better understanding of their mechanism(s) of action. This would be of great importance in the search for novel drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olubukola Tolulope Adenubi
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria.
| | - Ibukun Michael Famuyide
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa.
| | - Lyndy Joy McGaw
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa.
| | - Jacobus Nicolaas Eloff
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa.
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A New Cryptic Lineage in Parmeliaceae (Ascomycota) with Pharmacological Properties. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8080826. [PMID: 36012814 PMCID: PMC9409757 DOI: 10.3390/jof8080826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We used molecular data to address species delimitation in a species complex of the parmelioid genus Canoparmelia and compare the pharmacological properties of the two clades identified. We used HPLC_DAD_MS chromatography to identify and quantify the secondary substances and used a concatenated data set of three ribosomal markers to infer phylogenetic relationships. Some historical herbarium specimens were also examined. We found two groups that showed distinct pharmacological properties. The phylogenetic study supported the separation of these two groups as distinct lineages, which are here accepted as distinct species: Canoparmelia caroliniana occurring in temperate to tropical ecosystems of a variety of worldwide localities, including America, Macaronesia, south-west Europe and potentially East Africa, whereas the Kenyan populations represent the second group, for which we propose the new species C. kakamegaensis Garrido-Huéscar, Divakar & Kirika. This study highlights the importance of recognizing cryptic species using molecular data, since it can result in detecting lineages with pharmacological properties previously overlooked.
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Furmanek Ł, Czarnota P, Seaward MRD. A review of the potential of lichen substances as antifungal agents: the effects of extracts and lichen secondary metabolites on Fusarium fungi. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:523. [PMID: 35881248 PMCID: PMC9325835 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03104-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The present meta-analysis provides literature data on the effect of lichen extracts and single secondary metabolites used against Fusarium spp. moulds. Lichen extracts were obtained from 51 corticolous, 17 terricolous and 18 saxicolous lichen species and 37 secondary compounds were tested against eight fungal species, i.e., Fusarium acuminatum, F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. fujikuroi, F. oxysporum, F. roseum, F. solani and F. udum. The researchers used several test methods, mostly to determine MIC and IZ. Extracts were obtained using several solvents, mainly organic ones with use of the Soxhlet apparatus. The most frequently tested species was F. oxysporum, against which lichen substances from Alectoria sarmentosa, Cladonia mitis, C. rangiferina, Flavoparmelia caperata, Hypotrachyna cirrhata, Leucodermia leucomelos, Parmotrema austrosinense, P. reticulatum, Physcia aipolia, Pseudevernia furfuracea, Roccella montagnei and Umbilicaria nylanderiana and secondary metabolites such as 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoic acid, atranorin, lecanoric and (+)-usnic acids showed the highest antifungal potential. These agencies could compete with the potential of fungicides, such as flucytosine and fluconazole. Other species have been poorly investigated. Statistical analysis of literature data showed that the fungistatic potential of lichen extracts is significantly different from individual secondary metabolites. Similarly, the potential of secondary metabolites often differs significantly from that of non-lichen substances. This meta-analysis indicates the potential of lichen substances as future anti-fusarial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Furmanek
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, University of Rzeszów, ul. Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601, Rzeszow, Poland.
| | - Paweł Czarnota
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, University of Rzeszów, ul. Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Mark R D Seaward
- School of Archaeological and Forensic Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK
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Kocovic A, Jeremic J, Bradic J, Sovrlic M, Tomovic J, Vasiljevic P, Andjic M, Draginic N, Grujovic M, Mladenovic K, Baskic D, Popovic S, Matic S, Zivkovic V, Jeremic N, Jakovljevic V, Manojlovic N. Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Cytotoxic Activity of Different Extracts of Xanthoparmelia stenophylla Lichen from Stara Planina, Serbia. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1624. [PMID: 35807576 PMCID: PMC9269301 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify some of the secondary metabolites present in acetonic, methanolic, and hexanic extracts of lichen Xanthoparmelia stenophylla and to examine their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activity. Compounds of the depsid structure of lecanoric acid, obtusic acid, and atranorin as well as usnic acid with a dibenzofuran structure were identified in the extracts by HPLC. The acetone extract was shown to have the highest total phenolic (167.03 ± 1.12 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoid content (178.84 ± 0.93 mg QE/g) as well as the best antioxidant activity (DPPH IC50 = 81.22 ± 0.54). However, the antimicrobial and antibiofilm tests showed the best activity of hexanic extract, especially against strains of B. cereus, B. subtilis, and S. aureus (MIC < 0.08, and 0.3125 mg/mL, respectively). Additionally, by using the MTT method, the acetonic extract was reported to exhibit a strong cytotoxic effect on the HeLa and HCT-116 cell lines, especially after 72 h (IC50 = 21.17 ± 1.85 and IC50 = 21.48 ± 3.55, respectively). The promising antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic effects of Xanthoparmelia stenophylla extracts shown in the current study should be further investigated in vivo and under clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Kocovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.K.); (J.B.); (M.S.); (J.T.); (M.A.); (N.D.); (S.M.); (N.J.); (N.M.)
| | - Jovana Jeremic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.K.); (J.B.); (M.S.); (J.T.); (M.A.); (N.D.); (S.M.); (N.J.); (N.M.)
| | - Jovana Bradic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.K.); (J.B.); (M.S.); (J.T.); (M.A.); (N.D.); (S.M.); (N.J.); (N.M.)
| | - Miroslav Sovrlic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.K.); (J.B.); (M.S.); (J.T.); (M.A.); (N.D.); (S.M.); (N.J.); (N.M.)
| | - Jovica Tomovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.K.); (J.B.); (M.S.); (J.T.); (M.A.); (N.D.); (S.M.); (N.J.); (N.M.)
| | - Perica Vasiljevic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia;
| | - Marijana Andjic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.K.); (J.B.); (M.S.); (J.T.); (M.A.); (N.D.); (S.M.); (N.J.); (N.M.)
| | - Nevena Draginic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.K.); (J.B.); (M.S.); (J.T.); (M.A.); (N.D.); (S.M.); (N.J.); (N.M.)
- Department of Human Pathology, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Mirjana Grujovic
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.G.); (K.M.)
| | - Katarina Mladenovic
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.G.); (K.M.)
| | - Dejan Baskic
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (D.B.); (S.P.)
- Institute of Public Health Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Suzana Popovic
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (D.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Sanja Matic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.K.); (J.B.); (M.S.); (J.T.); (M.A.); (N.D.); (S.M.); (N.J.); (N.M.)
| | - Vladimir Zivkovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Nevena Jeremic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.K.); (J.B.); (M.S.); (J.T.); (M.A.); (N.D.); (S.M.); (N.J.); (N.M.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Jakovljevic
- Department of Human Pathology, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Nedeljko Manojlovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.K.); (J.B.); (M.S.); (J.T.); (M.A.); (N.D.); (S.M.); (N.J.); (N.M.)
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Characterization of two microalgae consortia grown in industrial wastewater for biomass valorization. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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10
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The effect of lichen secondary metabolites on Aspergillus fungi. Arch Microbiol 2021; 204:100. [PMID: 34964912 PMCID: PMC8716355 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02649-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A systematic review of literature data on the antifungal potential of extracted lichen compounds and individual secondary metabolites against mold species of the genus Aspergillus is provided. Crude extracts from 49 epiphytic, 16 epigeic and 22 epilithic species of lichens and 44 secondary metabolites against 10 species, Aspergillus candidus, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. nidulans, A. niger, A. ochraceus, A. parasiticus, A. restrictus, A. stellatus and A. ustus, were analysed. Several measuring techniques were employed for such analyses. Lichen substances were extracted with alcoholic and other organic solvents mainly using the Soxhlet apparatus. Among the three most-studied mold species, the results showed that the crude extracts from the thalli of the lichens Cladonia foliacea, Hypotrachyna cirrhata, Leucodermia leucomelos, Platismatia glauca and Pseudevernia furfuracea against Aspergillus flavus, from C. foliacea, Nephroma arcticum and Parmelia sulcata against A. fumigatus and from Evernia prunastri, Hypogymnia physodes, Umbilicaria cylindrica and Variospora dolomiticola against A. niger have the greatest antifungal potential. The lichen secondary metabolites showed a higher inhibitory potential, e.g. protolichesterinic acid against A. flavus, lecanoric acid against A. fumigatus and orsellinic acid against A. niger; the other seven species of Aspergillus have been poorly studied and require further investigation. A comparison of the inhibitory potential of the tested mixtures of lichen substances and their secondary metabolites shows that they can compete with commonly used antifungal substances, such as ketoconazole and clotrimazole against A. flavus, A. nidulans, A. niger and A. parasiticus and fluconazole in the case of A. fumigatus.
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Gandhi AD, Umamahesh K, Sathiyaraj S, Suriyakala G, Velmurugan R, Al Farraj DA, Gawwad MRA, Murugan K, Babujanarthanam R, Saranya R. Isolation of bioactive compounds from lichen Parmelia sulcata and evaluation of antimicrobial property. J Infect Public Health 2021; 15:491-497. [PMID: 34688575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lichens were used as an ailment in the traditional medicine for treating various disorders for centuries. Since there is less evidence in the literature about the medicinal property of Parmelia sulcata (P. sulcata), we made a pioneer attempt to explore the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of lichens. METHODS In the present study, the three Samples were collected by using the column chromatography by elucidating the ethyl acetate extract of P. sulcata, and the samples were subjected to DPPH and ABTS assays to find the free radical scavenging activity, total phenols and flavonoids were estimated. The minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated against the bacterial species (Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae) and fungal species (Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus) by the microdilution method. The best activity sample was analyzed using the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), Fourier Transmission Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). RESULTS The results shown that all the samples contain phenols and flavonoids which are responsible for antioxidants, antibacterial and antifungal activities. Among that sample-3 shown best antimicrobial activity and it was analyzed and identified as 7-hydroxy-3-(2-methylbut-3-en2-yl)-chromen-2-one. CONCLUSION The outcome of the study suggests that sample-3 shown good antimicrobial activity and identified as 7-hydroxy-3-(2-methylbut-3-en2-yl)-chromen-2-one. It can be a resource for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Dhanesh Gandhi
- Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore-632115, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Katike Umamahesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sivaji Sathiyaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore-632115, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gunasekaran Suriyakala
- Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore-632115, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajendran Velmurugan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Dunia A Al Farraj
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Ragab Abdel Gawwad
- Genetics & Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | | | | | - R Saranya
- Department of Microbiology, Sacred Heart College, Tirupattur, India
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Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Activities of Depside Compound Isolated from the Mycobiont Culture of Parmotrema austrosinense (Zahlbr.) Hale. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.14.4.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Substances which are normally secondary metabolites in a lichen are known to possess various medicinal properties but little is known about the biological activities of compounds present in these mycobiont culture extract. The objectives of the present study were isolation and optimization of growth conditions of the mycelia from Parmotrema austrosinense and assess the antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities of acetone extracts. The extraction of bioactive compound from mycobiont culture was achieved by using acetone and standard Soxhlet extraction procedures. The culture extract was subjected to silica gel column chromatography and detection of compound in thin layer chromatography. HPLC, UV vis, IR spectra, microcrystallization and NMR were done for the purified compound. The antimicrobial activity in the extracts were assayed using the standard disc diffusion and broth microdilution protocol against microbial strains. The lecanoric acid in the extracts was purified and MTT method was applied to assess antiproliferative activity against DLA cancer cells. The culture extract containing lecanoric acid exhibited antimicrobial activity against the test strains with the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations varied between 0.83±0.28 and 2.3±1.5 mg mL−1. The lecanoric acid inhibited the growth of DLA cancer cells with inhibitory concentration (IC50) of about 42±1.5 µg mL−1. Conclusion: The result of the present study suggests that this compound might possess potent antitumor property and should be further analysed using appropriate animal model and clinical trials.
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Norouzi H, Azizi A, Gholami M, Sohrabi M, Boustie J. Chemotype variations among lichen ecotypes of Umbilicaria aprina as revealed by LC-ESI-MS/MS: a survey of antioxidant phenolics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:40296-40308. [PMID: 32661964 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10053-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we characterized the phytochemical properties, which were specifically associated with phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities in six distinct ecotypes of Umbilicaria aprina Nyl. from Iran (including Kivarestan, Mishan, Takht-e Nader, Tochal, Sabalan, and Sahand) to detect diversities within the species. Total phenolic concentration (TPC) and radical scavenging capacities of U. aprina ecotypes were evaluated. Moreover, qualitative differences between chemical profiles were surveyed using liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). Relatively moderate TPCs (Kivarestan = 36.12 ± 2.1, Mishan = 41.59 ± 2.2, Takht-e Nader = 31.85 ± 1.3, Tochal = 37.55 ± 2.3, Sabalan = 28.91 ± 2.5, and Sahand = 31.59 ± 2.2) were observed for ecotypes, but a very strong correlation (r = -0/842) was obtained between TPCs and IC50 values. Based on the results of LC-ESI-MS/MS, the following chemical substances were identified: orsellinic acid (1), lecanoric acid (2), evernic acid (3), gyrophoric acid (4), umbilicaric acid (5), hiascic acid (6), stictic acid (7) methyl hiascic acid (8), and an unknown substance (9). The MS/MS fragmentation scheme for each substance was determined and proposed. Wide discrepancies were observed in the chemical profiles of lichen ecotypes, which may corroborate the influence of ecological locality conditions, for example, altitude and slope aspects on secondary metabolism of lichen species U. aprina. The north-facing and east-facing ecotypes (Sabalan and Mishan, respectively) lacked depsidones (stictic acid) mainly because they receive the least direct radiation. Mishan ecotype, as the only east-facing ecotype, showed the most different chemical profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooman Norouzi
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Ali Azizi
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
| | - Mansour Gholami
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sohrabi
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Joel Boustie
- Institute of Chemistry of Rennes, ISCR, UMR CNRS 6226, University of Rennes 1, 2 Av. du Pr. Leon Bernard, 35043, Rennes Cedex, France
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Goga M, Baláž M, Daneu N, Elečko J, Tkáčiková Ľ, Marcinčinová M, Bačkor M. Biological activity of selected lichens and lichen-based Ag nanoparticles prepared by a green solid-state mechanochemical approach. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 119:111640. [PMID: 33321678 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lichens dispose a wide spectrum of bioactive compounds known as secondary metabolites. Their biological effects like antioxidant and antibacterial activities are widely studied. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is a method where the compounds/substances present in plants are used for reduction of AgNO3instead of toxic chemicals. However, this methodology is usually a two-step process (extract preparation step and the synthesis step) performed under the elevated temperatures nad in the case of lichens, the redicing compounds are insoluble in water. These disadvantages can be overcome by a solid-state mechanochemical synthesis applied in the present study. As microorganisms are becoming more resistant to commercial antibiotics, AgNPs prepared in an environmentally friendly way represent an interesting alternative. In the present study, we compared the processing of lichen material of Pseudevernia furfuracea and Lobaria pulmonaria for extraction as well as for synthesis of AgNPs, and tested the antibacterial and antioxidant activity of the extracts. Both selected lichen species could be successfully used as reducing agents to produce AgNPs. Six different bacterial strains were tested for antibacterial activity of AgNPs-containing products and it was highly effective on all strains. However, the antioxidant activity of lichen extracts showed the lowest effect even if AgNPs are present which positively correlated with the content of total phenols and flavonoids. Both phenols and flavonoids are natural antioxidants and react with silver nitrate. Due to this fact, we observed a decrease of total phenols, total flavonoids as well as antioxidant activity when processing of lichen extracts with silver nitrate was used. We demonstrated that the formation of AgNPs increased the antibacterial activity but on the other hand reduced the antioxidant activity. Thus, antibacterial and antioxidant effects have to be treated differentially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Goga
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Mánesova 23, 04167 Košice, Slovakia; Core Facility Cell Imaging and Ultrastructure Research, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Matej Baláž
- Department of Mechanochemistry, Institute of Geotechnics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 45, 04001 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Nina Daneu
- Advanced Materials Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ján Elečko
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Ľudmila Tkáčiková
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Margaréta Marcinčinová
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Mánesova 23, 04167 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Bačkor
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Mánesova 23, 04167 Košice, Slovakia
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HPLC Fingerprint Analysis with the Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Selected Lichens Combined with the Chemometric Calculations. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184301. [PMID: 32961727 PMCID: PMC7571045 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of multivariate techniques to predict antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of the selected lichens from the chromatographic data. A simple and reproducible HPLC-DAD technique has been used to obtain the chromatographic fingerprint profiles. Reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) linear gradient system with methanol, water and phosphoric acid (V) (pH 2.3) as the mobile phase was used (50 min). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) has been applied to the evaluation of the phytochemical similarity between studied samples, especially between the same species collected in various places of Poland (Cetraria islandica (L.) Ach., CI, Cladina mitis Sandst., CM, Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl., HP). The ability to scavenge free radicals was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods and the total phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu (F-C) test. In the case of DPPH % of inhibition was higher for selected species (Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf, H. physodes in comparison to the literature data. The FRAP test showed that the H. physodes extract had higher ability to scavenge free radical in comparison to Cladonia furcata (Huds.) Schrader and Evernia prunastri (L.) Ach., whereas P. furfuracea extract showed higher ability than C. islandica. The high content of phenolics in P. furfuracea and H. physodes confirms their high antioxidant activity. The cytotoxic activity of studied extracts was tested by cell culture method using the human HL-60 / MX2 acute CKL-22 (CRL-2257) promyelocytic leukemia tumor cell line. The lowest values of IC50 [µg∙mL-1] were obtained for: H. physodes (HP1)-99.4; C. digitate-122.6; H. physodes (HP)-136.5, C. subulata-142.6; C. mitis-180.2.
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Kiliç N, Islakoğlu YÖ, Büyük İ, Gür-Dedeoğlu B, Cansaran-Duman D. Determination of Usnic Acid Responsive miRNAs in Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 19:1463-1472. [PMID: 30417797 DOI: 10.2174/1871520618666181112120142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Breast Cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer diagnosed in women. A common treatment strategy for BC is still not available because of its molecular heterogeneity and resistance is developed in most of the patients through the course of treatment. Therefore, alternative medicine resources as being novel treatment options are needed to be used for the treatment of BC. Usnic Acid (UA) that is one of the secondary metabolites of lichens used for different purposes in the field of medicine and its anti-proliferative effect has been shown in certain cancer types, suggesting its potential use for the treatment. METHODS Anti-proliferative effect of UA in BC cells (MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, BT-474) was identified through MTT analysis. Microarray analysis was performed in cells treated with the effective concentration of UA and UA-responsive miRNAs were detected. Their targets and the pathways that they involve were determined using a miRNA target prediction tool. RESULTS Microarray experiments showed that 67 miRNAs were specifically responsive to UA in MDA-MB-231 cells while 15 and 8 were specific to BT-474 and MCF-7 cells, respectively. The miRNA targets were mostly found to play role in Hedgehog signaling pathway. TGF-Beta, MAPK and apoptosis pathways were also the prominent ones according to the miRNA enrichment analysis. CONCLUSION The current study is important as being the first study in the literature which aimed to explore the UA related miRNAs, their targets and molecular pathways that may have roles in the BC. The results of pathway enrichment analysis and anti-proliferative effects of UA support the idea that UA might be used as a potential alternative therapeutic agent for BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nil Kiliç
- Ankara University, Biotechnology Institute, System Biotechnology Advance Research Unit, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Ö Islakoğlu
- Ankara University, Biotechnology Institute, System Biotechnology Advance Research Unit, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İlker Büyük
- Ankara University, Science Faculty, Biology Department, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bala Gür-Dedeoğlu
- Ankara University, Biotechnology Institute, System Biotechnology Advance Research Unit, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Demet Cansaran-Duman
- Ankara University, Biotechnology Institute, System Biotechnology Advance Research Unit, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
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17
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Harikrishnan A, Veena V, Lakshmi B, Shanmugavalli R, Theres S, Prashantha CN, Shah T, Oshin K, Togam R, Nandi S. Atranorin, an antimicrobial metabolite from lichen Parmotrema rampoddense exhibited in vitro anti-breast cancer activity through interaction with Akt activity. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:1248-1258. [PMID: 32096436 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1734482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Atranorin (ATR), lichenized secondary metabolite and depside molecule with several biological potentials such as antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, wound healing and photoprotective activities. Cytotoxic reports of ATR are documented in several cancer cells and in vivo models but its molecular interaction studies are poorly understood. Therefore, in this present investigation, we have used the in silico studies with biological validation of the molecular targets for the anti-breast cancer mechanism of ATR. The molecular docking studies with the breast cancer oncoproteins such as Bcl-2, Bax, Akt, Bcl-w and Bcl-xL revealed the highest interaction was observed with the Akt followed by Bax, Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 & least with the Bcl-w proteins. The cytotoxicity studies showed ATR selectively inhibited MDA MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells in differential and dose-dependent manner with the IC50 concentration of 5.36 ± 0.85 μM and 7.55 ± 1.2 μM respectively. Further mechanistic investigations revealed that ATR significantly inhibited ROS production and significantly down-regulated the anti apoptotic Akt than Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Bcl-w proteins with a significant increase in the Bax level and caspases-3 activity in the breast cancer cells when comparison with Akt inhibitor, ipatasertib. In vitro biological activities well correlated with the molecular interaction data suggesting that atranorin had higher interaction with Akt than Bax and Bcl-2 but weak interaction with Bcl-w and Bcl-xL. In this present study, the first time we report the interactions of atranorin with molecular targets for anti-breast cancer potential. Hence, ATR represents the nature-inspired molecule for pharmacophore moiety for design in targeted therapy.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhikesavan Harikrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, Vinayaka Mission Research Foundation-Aarupadai Veedu (VMRF-AV) Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Veena
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - B Lakshmi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - R Shanmugavalli
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, Vinayaka Mission Research Foundation-Aarupadai Veedu (VMRF-AV) Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sonia Theres
- Department of Chemistry, Kanchi Mamunivar Centre for Postgraduate Studies (KMCPGS), Puducherry, India
| | - C N Prashantha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Tanya Shah
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - K Oshin
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Ringu Togam
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sisir Nandi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Global Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (GIPER), Affiliated to Uttarakhand Technical University, Kashipur, Uttarakhand, India
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Anticancer Potential of Lichens' Secondary Metabolites. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10010087. [PMID: 31948092 PMCID: PMC7022966 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lichens produce different classes of phenolic compounds, including anthraquinones, xanthones, dibenzofuranes, depsides and depsidones. Many of them have revealed effective biological activities such as antioxidant, antiviral, antibiotics, antifungal, and anticancer. Although no clinical study has been conducted yet, there are number of in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrating anticancer effects of lichen metabolites. The main goal of our work was to review most recent published papers dealing with anticancer activities of secondary metabolites of lichens and point out to their perspective clinical use in cancer management.
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Gandhi AD, Murugan K, Umamahesh K, Babujanarthanam R, Kavitha P, Selvi A. Lichen Parmelia sulcata mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles: an eco-friendly tool against Anopheles stephensi and Aedes aegypti. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:23886-23898. [PMID: 31218582 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05726-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized using the lichen Parmelia sulcata extract (PSE) and characterized. The peaks of ultraviolet spectrophotometer and Fourier transmission infrared confirmed the formation of nanoparticles and the bioactive compounds of the lichen being responsible for reducing and capping of the particles. The face-centered cubic particles were determined by XRD peaks at 111, 200, 220, and 311. The elemental composition and spherical shape of AuNPs were confirmed by energy-dispersive spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The average particle size is 54 nm, and the zeta potential - 18 was ascertained by dynamic light scattering. The potential effect of synthesized nanoparticles and lichen extracts was evaluated for antioxidant bioassays like DPPH and H2O2 and tested for mosquitocidal activity against Anopheles stephensi. Results showed that the lichen extract and AuNPs have the capability to scavenge the free radicals with the IC50 values of DPPH being 1020 and 815 μg/ml and the IC50 values of H2O2 being 694 and 510 μg/ml, respectively. The mosquitocidal experimental results in this study showed the inhibition of A. stephensi and A. aegypti against the larvae (I-IV instar), pupae, adult, and egg hatching. On comparison, A. stephensi showed effective inhibition than A. aegypti even at low concentration. Based on the obtained results, gold nanoparticles synthesized using PSE showed an excellent mosquitocidal effect against Anopheles stephensi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Dhanesh Gandhi
- Nano and Energy Biosciences Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632115, India
| | - Kadarkarai Murugan
- Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, India
- Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 115, India
| | - Katike Umamahesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, 517502, India
| | - Ranganathan Babujanarthanam
- Nano and Energy Biosciences Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632115, India.
| | - Purushothaman Kavitha
- Department of Biochemistry, K.M.G. College of Arts and Science, Gudiyattam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 635803, India
| | - Adikesavan Selvi
- Environmental Molecular and Microbiology Research Laboratory (EMMR), Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore, 632115, India
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Ozturk S, Erkisa M, Oran S, Ulukaya E, Celikler S, Ari F. Lichens exerts an anti-proliferative effect on human breast and lung cancer cells through induction of apoptosis. Drug Chem Toxicol 2019; 44:259-267. [PMID: 30835567 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2019.1573825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Successful cancer treatment still requires new complexes or compounds from natural sources. Therefore, we investigated anti-growth/apoptotic effects of methanol extracts of the lichen species (Xanthoparmelia somloensis (Gleyn.) Hale, Usnea intermedia (A. Massal.) Jatta, Bryoria capillaris (Ach.) Brodo & D. Hawksw and Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm.) on human lung (A549, H1299) and breast (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231) cancer cell lines. Anti-growth effects were monitored by the MTT and ATP viability assays. Cell death mode was evaluated by employing the fluorescence staining of nucleus, caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18 detection, caspase 3/7 activity assay, Anneksin V cytofluorimetric assay and mitochondria membrane potential assay. Among the lichen extracts, Usnea intermedia exhibited strong anti-growth activity in a dose-dependent manner (1.56-100 µg/ml) compared to the others. Usnea intermedia was especially cytotoxic against MDA-MB-231 and H1299 cells (IC50 value for was found 3.0 and 10.2 μg/ml respectively). The cytotoxicity was resulted from apoptosis as proved by the presence of pyknotic nuclei, caspase 3/7 activity, phosphatidylserine translocation and loss of mitochondria membrane potential. In conclusion, Usnea intermedia warrants for further in vivo evaluation as a new alternative in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sule Ozturk
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Merve Erkisa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seyhan Oran
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Engin Ulukaya
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serap Celikler
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ferda Ari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
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Schinkovitz A, Le Pogam P, Derbré S, Roy-Vessieres E, Blanchard P, Thirumaran SL, Breard D, Aumond MC, Zehl M, Urban E, Kaur A, Jäger N, Hofer S, Kopp B, Stuppner H, Baglin I, Seraphin D, Tomasi S, Henrion D, Boustie J, Richomme P. Secondary metabolites from lichen as potent inhibitors of advanced glycation end products and vasodilative agents. Fitoterapia 2018; 131:182-188. [PMID: 30339926 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites from lichens are known for exhibiting various biological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Despite this wide range of reported biological effects, their impact on the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) remains vastly unexplored. The latter are known contributors to lifestyle and age-related diseases such as Alzheimer and Parkinson. Moreover, the development of atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness is causally linked to the formation of AGEs. With this in mind, the present work evaluated the inhibitory effects of secondary lichen metabolites on the formation of pentosidine-like AGEs' by using an in vitro, Maillard reaction based, fluorescence assay. Overall, thirty-seven natural and five synthetically modified compounds were tested, eighteen of which exhibiting IC50 values in the range of 0.05 to 0.70 mM. This corresponds to 2 to 32 fold of the inhibitory activity of aminoguanidine. Targeting one major inhibiting mechanism of AGEs formation, all compounds were additionally evaluated on their radical scavenging capacities in an DPPH assay. Furthermore, as both AGEs' formation and hypertension are major risk factors for atherosclerosis, compounds that were available in sufficient amounts were also tested for their vasodilative effects. Overall, and though some of the active compounds were previously reported cytotoxic, present results highlight the interesting potential of secondary lichen metabolites as anti-AGEs and vasodilative agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schinkovitz
- SONAS, EA921, Universtiy of Angers, SFR QUASAV, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, 16 Bd Daviers, 49045, Angers, France.
| | - Pierre Le Pogam
- Université Rennes, CNRS, ISCR - UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France; BioCIS, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 Rue J.-B. Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Séverine Derbré
- SONAS, EA921, Universtiy of Angers, SFR QUASAV, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, 16 Bd Daviers, 49045, Angers, France
| | - Emilie Roy-Vessieres
- Université d'Angers, MITOVASC Institute, CarMe team, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR6015, CARFI facility, 3 rue Roger Amsler, 49100 Angers, France
| | - Patricia Blanchard
- SONAS, EA921, Universtiy of Angers, SFR QUASAV, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, 16 Bd Daviers, 49045, Angers, France
| | - Sangeetha-Laura Thirumaran
- SONAS, EA921, Universtiy of Angers, SFR QUASAV, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, 16 Bd Daviers, 49045, Angers, France; Université de Caen Normandie, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie (CERMN), 14000 Caen, France
| | - Dimitri Breard
- SONAS, EA921, Universtiy of Angers, SFR QUASAV, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, 16 Bd Daviers, 49045, Angers, France
| | - Marie-Chistine Aumond
- SONAS, EA921, Universtiy of Angers, SFR QUASAV, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, 16 Bd Daviers, 49045, Angers, France
| | - Martin Zehl
- University of Vienna, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Währinger Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ernst Urban
- University of Vienna, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- University of Vienna, Department of Pharmacognosy, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nathalie Jäger
- University of Vienna, Department of Pharmacognosy, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefanie Hofer
- SONAS, EA921, Universtiy of Angers, SFR QUASAV, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, 16 Bd Daviers, 49045, Angers, France; University of Innsbruck, Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Innrain 80 - 82/IV, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Brigitte Kopp
- University of Vienna, Department of Pharmacognosy, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- University of Innsbruck, Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Innrain 80 - 82/IV, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Isabelle Baglin
- SONAS, EA921, Universtiy of Angers, SFR QUASAV, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, 16 Bd Daviers, 49045, Angers, France
| | - Denis Seraphin
- SONAS, EA921, Universtiy of Angers, SFR QUASAV, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, 16 Bd Daviers, 49045, Angers, France
| | - Sophie Tomasi
- Université Rennes, CNRS, ISCR - UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Daniel Henrion
- Université de Caen Normandie, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie (CERMN), 14000 Caen, France
| | - Joël Boustie
- Université Rennes, CNRS, ISCR - UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Pascal Richomme
- SONAS, EA921, Universtiy of Angers, SFR QUASAV, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, 16 Bd Daviers, 49045, Angers, France
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Burmudžija AZ, Muškinja JM, Kosanić MM, Ranković BR, Novaković SB, Đorđević SB, Stanojković TP, Baskić DD, Ratković ZR. Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Activity of Dehydrozingerone based Cyclopropyl Derivatives. Chem Biodivers 2017; 14. [PMID: 28388815 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201700077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A small series of 1-acetyl-2-(4-alkoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)cyclopropanes was prepared, starting from dehydrozingerone (4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-buten-2-one) and its O-alkyl derivatives. Their microbiological activities toward some strains of bacteria and fungi were tested, as well as their in vitro cytotoxic activity against some cancer cell lines (HeLa, LS174 and A549). All synthesized compounds showed significant antimicrobial activity and expressed cytotoxic activity against tested carcinoma cell lines, but they showed no significant influence on normal cell line (MRC5). Butyl derivative is the most active on HeLa cells (IC50 = 8.63 μm), while benzyl one is active against LS174 and A549 cell lines (IC50 = 10.17 and 12.15 μm, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrijana Z Burmudžija
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, RS-34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jovana M Muškinja
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, RS-34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marijana M Kosanić
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, RS-34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Branislav R Ranković
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, RS-34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Slađana B Novaković
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, RS-11001, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snežana B Đorđević
- National Poison Control Centre, Military Medical Academy, Crnotravska 17, RS-11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana P Stanojković
- Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, RS-11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dejan D Baskić
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 67, RS-34000, Kragujevac, Serbia.,Public Health Institute Kragujevac, Nikole Paŝića 1, RS-34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Zoran R Ratković
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, RS-34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
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