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Andrade Silva CAD, Oka ML, da Silva PGP, Honma JM, Leite RSR, Fonseca GG. Physiological evaluation of yeast strains under anaerobic conditions using glucose, fructose, or sucrose as the carbon source. J Biosci Bioeng 2024; 137:420-428. [PMID: 38493064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiology of 13 yeast strains by assessing their kinetic parameters under anaerobic conditions. They included Saccharomyces cerevisiae CAT-1 and 12 isolated yeasts from different regions in Brazil. The study aimed to enhance understanding of the metabolism of these strains for more effective applications. Measurements included quantification of sugars, ethanol, glycerol, and organic acids. Various kinetic parameters were analyzed, such as specific substrate utilization rate (qS), maximum specific growth rate (μmax), doubling time, biomass yield, product yield, maximum cell concentration, ethanol productivity (PEth), biomass productivity, and CO2 concentration. S. cerevisiae CAT-1 exhibited the highest values in glucose for μmax (0.35 h-1), qS (3.06 h-1), and PEth (0.69 gEth L-1 h-1). Candida parapsilosis Recol 37 did not fully consume the substrate. In fructose, S. cerevisiae CAT-1 stood out with higher values for μmax (0.25 h-1), qS (2.24 h-1), and PEth (0.60 gEth L-1 h-1). Meyerozyma guilliermondii Recol 09 and C. parapsilosis Recol 37 had prolonged fermentation times and residual substrate. In sucrose, only S. cerevisiae CAT-1, S. cerevisiae BB9, and Pichia kudriavzevii Recol 39 consumed all the substrate, displaying higher PEth (0.72, 0.51, and 0.44 gEth L-1 h-1, respectively) compared to other carbon sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinthia Aparecida de Andrade Silva
- Center for Studies in Natural Resources, State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados, MS, Brazil; Laboratory of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Marta Ligia Oka
- Laboratory of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Pedro Garcia Pereira da Silva
- Laboratory of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Janaina Mayumi Honma
- Laboratory of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Simões Ribeiro Leite
- Laboratory of Enzymology and Fermentation Processes, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Graciano Fonseca
- Faculty of Natural Resource Sciences, School of Health, Business and Science, University of Akureyri, Akureyri, Iceland.
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Bao Z, Xie Y, Xu C, Zhang Z, Zhu D. Biotechnological production and potential applications of hypocrellins. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:6421-6438. [PMID: 37695342 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12727-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Hypocrellins (HYPs), a kind of natural perylenequinones (PQs) with an oxidized pentacyclic core, are important natural compounds initially extracted from the stromata of Hypocrella bambusae and Shiraia bambusicola. They have been widely concerned for their use as anti-microbial, anti-cancers, and anti-viral photodynamic therapy agents in recent years. Considering the restrictions of natural stromal resources, submerged fermentation with Shiraia spp. has been viewed as a promising alternative biotechnology for HYP production, and great efforts have been made to improve HYP production over the past decade. This article reviews recent publications about the mycelium fermentation production of HYPs, and their bioactivities and potential applications, and especially summarizes the progresses toward manipulation of fermentation conditions. Also, their chemical structure and analytic methods are outlined. Herein, it is worth mentioning that the gene arrangement in HYP gene cluster is revised; previous unknown genes in HYP and CTB gene clusters with correct function annotation are deciphered; the homologous sequences of HYP, CTB, and elc are systematically aligned, and especially the biosynthetic pathway of HYPs is full-scale proposed. KEY POINTS: • The mycelial fermentation process and metabolic regulation of hypocrellins are reviewed. • The bioactivities and potential applications of hypocrellins are summarized. • The biosynthesis pathway and regulatory mechanisms of hypocrellins are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuanying Bao
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Yunchang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Chenglong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Du Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China.
- Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, China.
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Nascimento VM, Antoniolli GTU, Leite RSR, Fonseca GG. Effects of the carbon source on the physiology and invertase activity of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae FT858. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:348. [PMID: 32728515 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02335-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae FT858 is an industrial yeast strain with high fermentative efficiency, but marginally studied so far. The aim of this work was to evaluate the biotechnological potential of S. cerevisiae FT858 through kinetic growth parameters, and the influence of the concentration of the substrate on the synthesis of the invertase enzyme. Invertases have a high biotechnological potential and their production through yeast is strongly influenced by the sugars in the medium. S. cerevisiae FT858 has an excellent biotechnological potential compared to the industrial yeast reference S. cerevisiae CAT-1, as it presented a low glycerol yield on the substrate (Y GLY/S) and a 10% increase in ethanol yield on sucrose in cultures with sucrose at 37 °C. The substrate concentration directly interfered in invertase production and the enzymatic expression underwent strong regulation through glucose concentration in the culture medium and S. cerevisiae CAT-1 presented constitutive behavior for the invertase enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valkirea Matos Nascimento
- Laboratory of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, CEP 79.804-970 Brazil
| | - Gabriela Totino Ulian Antoniolli
- Laboratory of Enzymology and Fermentative Processes, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, CEP 79.804-970 Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Simões Ribeiro Leite
- Laboratory of Enzymology and Fermentative Processes, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, CEP 79.804-970 Brazil
| | - Gustavo Graciano Fonseca
- Laboratory of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, CEP 79.804-970 Brazil
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Transcriptome analysis on fructose as the sole carbon source enhancing perylenequinones production of endophytic fungus Shiraia sp. Slf14. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:190. [PMID: 32269895 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02181-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Perylenequinones (PQ), a class of naturally occurring polypeptides, are widely used as a clinical drug for treating skin diseases and as a photodynamic therapy against cancers and viruses. In this study, the effects of different carbon sources on PQ biosynthesis by Shiraia sp. Slf14 were compared, and the underlying molecular mechanism of fructose as the sole carbon to enhance PQ production was investigated by transcriptome analysis. The results indicated that fructose enhanced PQ yield to 1753.64 mg/L, which was 1.73-fold higher than that obtained with glucose. Comparative transcriptome analysis demonstrated that most of the upregulated genes were related to transport systems, energy and central carbon metabolism in Shiraia sp. Slf14 cultured in fructose. The genes involved in glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathways, and encoding citrate synthase, ATP-citrate lyase, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase were substantially upregulated, resulting in increased overall acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA production. However, genes involved in gluconeogenesis, glyoxylate cycle pathway, and fatty acid synthesis were significantly downregulated, resulting in higher acetyl-CoA influx for PQ formation. In particular, the putative PQ biosynthetic cluster was upregulated in Shiraia sp. Slf14 cultured in fructose, leading to a significant increase in PQ production. The results of real-time qRT-PCR and related enzyme activities were also consistent with those of transcriptome analysis. These findings provide a remarkable insight into the underlying mechanism of PQ biosynthesis and pave the way for improvements in PQ production by Shiraia sp. Slf14.
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Nascimento VM, Fonseca GG. Effects of the carbon source and the interaction between carbon sources on the physiology of the industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae CAT-1. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 50:349-356. [PMID: 31847699 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2019.1703192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
During industrial fermentation, wild isolates are able to persist and even predominate in the bioreactors. Saccharomyces cerevisiae CAT-1 was one of these isolates and now is one of the yeasts mostly used in industrial ethanol processes in Brazil due to its efficient fermentation capacity. Despite it, the strain's physiology has been marginally studied so far. Since strains of the same species may have different responses to a specific cultivation condition, this work aimed to evaluate the physiology of S. cerevisiae CAT-1 in batch cultures using different carbon sources (glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, and galactose) as a sole carbon source and in binary mixtures, at 30 and 37 °C. The results showed that the fructose, sucrose, and maltose were the sugars that presented the highest ethanol yields on the substrate (0.40 gethanol gsubstrate-1) at both temperatures. Galactose was the sugar that the yeast had the lowest affinity given the lowest maximum specific growth rate (0.28 h-1). Despite the influence of a variety of mechanisms for sugar transport, the cells consume first substrates with fewer metabolic steps to catabolism and are susceptible to adaptive evolution depending on the availability of substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valkirea Matos Nascimento
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Bioengineering, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Graciano Fonseca
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Bioengineering, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
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