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Jiang M, Yan Y, Dong H, Wang X. Genome-wide identification of glycoside hydrolase family 1 members reveals GeBGL1 and GeBGL9 for degrading gastrodin in Gastrodia elata. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:214. [PMID: 39133328 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03299-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE We revealed the intrinsic transformation molecular mechanism of gastrodin by two β-d-glucosidases (GeBGL1 and GeBGL9) during the processing of Gastrodia elata. Gastrodia elata is a plant resource with medicinal and edible functions, and its active ingredient is gastrodin. However, the intrinsic transformation molecular mechanism of gastrodin in G. elata has not been verified. We speculated that β-d-glucosidase (BGL) may be the key enzymes hydrolyzing gastrodin. Here, we identified 11 GeBGL genes in the G. elata genome. These genes were unevenly distributed on seven chromosomes. These GeBGL proteins possessed motifs necessary for catalysis, namely, TF(I/M/L)N(T)E(Q)P and I(V/L)T(H/S)ENG(S). These GeBGLs were divided into five subgroups together with homologous genes from Arabidopsis thaliana, rice, and maize. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed GeBGL genes expression was tissue-specific. Gene cloning results showed two mutation sites in the GeBGL1 gene compared with the reference genome. And, the GeBGL4 gene has two indel fragments, which resulted in premature termination of translation and seemed to turn into a pseudogene. Furthermore, protein expression and enzyme activity results proved that GeBGL1 and GeBGL9 have the activity of hydrolyzing gastrodin into 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol. This study revealed the function of β-d-glucosidase in degrading active compounds during the G. elata processing for medicinal purposes. These results offer a theoretical foundation for elevating the standard and enhancing the quality of G. elata production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Innovation and Application of General Technology for Separation of Natural Products, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yaxing Yan
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Hongjing Dong
- Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Innovation and Application of General Technology for Separation of Natural Products, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China.
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Innovation and Application of General Technology for Separation of Natural Products, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China.
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Sharma A, Sharma D, Verma SK. A systematic in silico report on iron and zinc proteome of Zea mays. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1166720. [PMID: 37662157 PMCID: PMC10469895 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1166720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Zea mays is an essential staple food crop across the globe. Maize contains macro and micronutrients but is limited in essential mineral micronutrients such as Fe and Zn. Worldwide, serious health concerns have risen due to the deficiencies of essential nutrients in human diets, which rigorously jeopardizes economic development. In the present study, the systematic in silico approach has been used to predict Fe and Zn binding proteins from the whole proteome of maize. A total of 356 and 546 putative proteins have been predicted, which contain sequence and structural motifs for Fe and Zn ions, respectively. Furthermore, the functional annotation of these predicted proteins, based on their domains, subcellular localization, gene ontology, and literature support, showed their roles in distinct cellular and biological processes, such as metabolism, gene expression and regulation, transport, stress response, protein folding, and proteolysis. The versatile roles of these shortlisted putative Fe and Zn binding proteins of maize could be used to manipulate many facets of maize physiology. Moreover, in the future, the predicted Fe and Zn binding proteins may act as relevant, novel, and economical markers for various crop improvement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Sharma
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, District Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Dixit Sharma
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, District Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Shailender Kumar Verma
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, District Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Wei J, Chen Q, Lin J, Chen F, Chen R, Liu H, Chu P, Lu Z, Li S, Yu G. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of tomato glycoside hydrolase family 1 β-glucosidase genes in response to abiotic stresses. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2022.2072767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Wei
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Agro-products and Processed Products Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center, Daqing, Heilongjiang, PR China
- Key Lab of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Qiusen Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Lin
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Fengqiong Chen
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Agro-products and Processed Products Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center, Daqing, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Runan Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Hanlin Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Peiyu Chu
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Agro-products and Processed Products Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center, Daqing, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Zhiyong Lu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Shaozhe Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Gaobo Yu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, PR China
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Avilez-Montalvo JR, Quintana-Escobar AO, Méndez-Hernández HA, Aguilar-Hernández V, Brito-Argáez L, Galaz-Ávalos RM, Uc-Chuc MA, Loyola-Vargas VM. Auxin-Cytokinin Cross Talk in Somatic Embryogenesis of Coffea canephora. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11152013. [PMID: 35956493 PMCID: PMC9370429 DOI: 10.3390/plants11152013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cytokinins (CK) are plant growth regulators involved in multiple physiological processes in plants. One less studied aspect is CK homeostasis (HM). The primary genes related to HM are involved in biosynthesis (IPT), degradation (CKX), and signaling (ARR). This paper demonstrates the effect of auxin (Aux) and CK and their cross talk in a Coffea canephora embryogenic system. The transcriptome and RT-qPCR suggest that Aux in pre-treatment represses biosynthesis, degradation, and signal CK genes. However, in the induction, there is an increase of genes implicated in the CK perception/signal, indicating perhaps, as in other species, Aux is repressing CK, and CK are inducing per se genes involved in its HM. This is reflected in the endogenous concentration of CK; pharmacology experiments helped study the effect of each plant growth regulator in our SE system. We conclude that the Aux–CK balance is crucial to directing somatic embryogenesis in C. canephora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johny R. Avilez-Montalvo
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43, No. 130 × 32 y 34, Mérida 97205, Mexico; (J.R.A.-M.); (A.O.Q.-E.); (H.A.M.-H.); (L.B.-A.); (R.M.G.-Á.); (M.A.U.-C.)
| | - Ana O. Quintana-Escobar
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43, No. 130 × 32 y 34, Mérida 97205, Mexico; (J.R.A.-M.); (A.O.Q.-E.); (H.A.M.-H.); (L.B.-A.); (R.M.G.-Á.); (M.A.U.-C.)
| | - Hugo A. Méndez-Hernández
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43, No. 130 × 32 y 34, Mérida 97205, Mexico; (J.R.A.-M.); (A.O.Q.-E.); (H.A.M.-H.); (L.B.-A.); (R.M.G.-Á.); (M.A.U.-C.)
| | - Víctor Aguilar-Hernández
- Catedrático CONACYT, Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida 97205, Mexico;
| | - Ligia Brito-Argáez
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43, No. 130 × 32 y 34, Mérida 97205, Mexico; (J.R.A.-M.); (A.O.Q.-E.); (H.A.M.-H.); (L.B.-A.); (R.M.G.-Á.); (M.A.U.-C.)
| | - Rosa M. Galaz-Ávalos
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43, No. 130 × 32 y 34, Mérida 97205, Mexico; (J.R.A.-M.); (A.O.Q.-E.); (H.A.M.-H.); (L.B.-A.); (R.M.G.-Á.); (M.A.U.-C.)
| | - Miguel A. Uc-Chuc
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43, No. 130 × 32 y 34, Mérida 97205, Mexico; (J.R.A.-M.); (A.O.Q.-E.); (H.A.M.-H.); (L.B.-A.); (R.M.G.-Á.); (M.A.U.-C.)
| | - Víctor M. Loyola-Vargas
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43, No. 130 × 32 y 34, Mérida 97205, Mexico; (J.R.A.-M.); (A.O.Q.-E.); (H.A.M.-H.); (L.B.-A.); (R.M.G.-Á.); (M.A.U.-C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-999-942-83-30 (ext. 243)
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Li H, Jia S, Tang Y, Jiang Y, Yang S, Zhang J, Yan B, Wang Y, Guo J, Zhao S, Yang Q, Shao R. A transcriptomic analysis reveals the adaptability of the growth and physiology of immature tassel to long-term soil water deficit in Zea mays L. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 155:756-768. [PMID: 32882617 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a key threat to maize growth and yield. Understanding the mechanism of immature tassel (IT) response to long term drought is of paramount importance. Here, the maize inbred line PH6WC was tested under well-watered (CK) and two water deficit treatments (WD1 and WD2). The final IT length in the WD1 and WD2 treatments decreased by nearly 6.2% and 21.2% compared to the CK, respectively, and the average accumulation rate IT dry matter was 1.5-fold and 1.8-fold slower, respectively. Furthermore, RNA sequencing analysis was conducted on the IT sampled at 30 days after the WD treatments. In total, the cellular component in gene ontology (GO) analysis suggested that the differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in three common terms (apoplast, plant-type cell wall, and anchored component of membrane) among the CK vs WD1, CK vs WD2, and WD1 vs WD2 comparisons. Next, a co-expression network analysis identified 44 modules that contained global expression genes. Finally, by combining the GO analysis with modules, nine genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and the antioxidant system were screened out, and the six corresponding physiological parameters were all significantly increased under the WD treatments. These results showed that, although the IT length and dry matter decreased, the IT enhanced the adaptation to drought by regulating their own genetic and physiological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Li
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Shuangjie Jia
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yulou Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yanping Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Shenjiao Yang
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, CAAS/National Agro-ecological System Observation and Research Station of Shangqiu, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Bowen Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yongchao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Jiameng Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Shijie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Qinghua Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Ruixin Shao
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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Zhang Y, Zhang B, Yang T, Zhang J, Liu B, Zhan X, Liang Y. The GAMYB-like gene SlMYB33 mediates flowering and pollen development in tomato. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:133. [PMID: 32922805 PMCID: PMC7459326 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-00366-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
GAMYBs are positive GA signaling factors that exhibit essential functions in reproductive development, particularly in anther and pollen development. However, there is no direct evidence of the regulation of any GAMYB in these biological processes in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Here, we identified a tomato GAMYB-like gene, SlMYB33, and characterized its specific roles. SlMYB33 is predominately expressed in the stamens and pistils. During flower development, high mRNA abundance of SlMYB33 is detected in both male and female organs, such as microspore mother cells, anthers, pollen grains, and ovules. Silencing of SlMYB33 leads to delayed flowering, aberrant pollen viability, and poor fertility in tomato. Histological analyses indicate that SlMYB33 exerts its function in pollen development in the mature stage. Further transcriptomic analyses imply that the knockdown of SlMYB33 significantly inhibits the expression of genes related to flowering in shoot apices, and alters the transcription of genes controlling sugar metabolism in anthers. Taken together, our study suggests that SlMYB33 regulates tomato flowering and pollen maturity, probably by modulating the expression of genes responsible for flowering and sugar metabolism, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi P. R. China
| | - Tongwen Yang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi P. R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Xiangqiang Zhan
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi P. R. China
| | - Yan Liang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi P. R. China
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Geng G, Lv C, Stevanato P, Li R, Liu H, Yu L, Wang Y. Transcriptome Analysis of Salt-Sensitive and Tolerant Genotypes Reveals Salt-Tolerance Metabolic Pathways in Sugar Beet. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235910. [PMID: 31775274 PMCID: PMC6928841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil salinization is a common environmental problem that seriously affects the yield and quality of crops. Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.), one of the main sugar crops in the world, shows a strong tolerance to salt stress. To decipher the molecular mechanism of sugar beet under salt stress, we conducted transcriptomic analyses of two contrasting sugar beet genotypes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comparison of salt-response transcriptomes in sugar beet with contrasting genotypes. Compared to the salt-sensitive cultivar (S710), the salt-tolerant one (T710MU) showed better growth and exhibited a higher chlorophyll content, higher antioxidant enzyme activity, and increased levels of osmotic adjustment molecules. Based on a high-throughput experimental system, 1714 differentially expressed genes were identified in the leaves of the salt-sensitive genotype, and 2912 in the salt-tolerant one. Many of the differentially expressed genes were involved in stress and defense responses, metabolic processes, signal transduction, transport processes, and cell wall synthesis. Moreover, expression patterns of several genes differed between the two cultivars in response to salt stress, and several key pathways involved in determining the salt tolerance of sugar beet, were identified. Our results revealed the mechanism of salt tolerance in sugar beet and provided potential metabolic pathways and gene markers for growing salt-tolerant cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Geng
- Key Laboratory of Sugar Beet Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, Crop Academy of Heilongjiang University, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; (G.G.); (L.Y.)
- Heilongjiang Sugar beet Center of Technology Innovation, Crop Academy of Heilongjiang University, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; (C.L.); (R.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Chunhua Lv
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; (C.L.); (R.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Piergiorgio Stevanato
- DAFNAE, Dipartimento di Agronomia, Animali, Alimenti, Risorse Naturali e Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy;
| | - Renren Li
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; (C.L.); (R.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Hui Liu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; (C.L.); (R.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Lihua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Sugar Beet Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, Crop Academy of Heilongjiang University, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; (G.G.); (L.Y.)
- Heilongjiang Sugar beet Center of Technology Innovation, Crop Academy of Heilongjiang University, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yuguang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sugar Beet Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, Crop Academy of Heilongjiang University, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; (G.G.); (L.Y.)
- Heilongjiang Sugar beet Center of Technology Innovation, Crop Academy of Heilongjiang University, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0451-8660-9753
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Genome-Wide Analysis of Glycoside Hydrolase Family 1 β-glucosidase Genes in Brassica rapa and Their Potential Role in Pollen Development. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071663. [PMID: 30987159 PMCID: PMC6480273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycoside hydrolase family 1 (GH1) β-glucosidases (BGLUs) are encoded by a large number of genes, and are involved in many developmental processes and stress responses in plants. Due to their importance in plant growth and development, genome-wide analyses have been conducted in model plants (Arabidopsis and rice) and maize, but not in Brassica species, which are important vegetable crops. In this study, we systematically analyzed B. rapaBGLUs (BrBGLUs), and demonstrated the involvement of several genes in pollen development. Sixty-four BrBGLUs were identified in Brassica databases, which were anchored onto 10 chromosomes, with 10 tandem duplications. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 64 genes were classified into 10 subgroups, and each subgroup had relatively conserved intron/exon structures. Clustering with Arabidopsis BGLUs (AtBGLUs) facilitated the identification of several important subgroups for flavonoid metabolism, the production of glucosinolates, the regulation of abscisic acid (ABA) levels, and other defense-related compounds. At least six BrBGLUs might be involved in pollen development. The expression of BrBGLU10/AtBGLU20, the analysis of co-expressed genes, and the examination of knocked down Arabidopsis plants strongly suggests that BrBGLU10/AtBGLU20 has an indispensable function in pollen development. The results that are obtained from this study may provide valuable information for the further understanding of β-glucosidase function and Brassica breeding, for nutraceuticals-rich Brassica crops.
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Cao YY, Yang JF, Liu TY, Su ZF, Zhu FY, Chen MX, Fan T, Ye NH, Feng Z, Wang LJ, Hao GF, Zhang J, Liu YG. A Phylogenetically Informed Comparison of GH1 Hydrolases between Arabidopsis and Rice Response to Stressors. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:350. [PMID: 28392792 PMCID: PMC5364172 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Glycoside hydrolases Family 1 (GH1) comprises enzymes that can hydrolyze β-O-glycosidic bond from a carbohydrate moiety. The plant GH1 hydrolases participate in a number of developmental processes and stress responses, including cell wall modification, plant hormone activation or deactivation and herbivore resistance. A large number of members has been observed in this family, suggesting their potential redundant functions in various biological processes. In this study, we have used 304 sequences of plant GH1 hydrolases to study the evolution of this gene family in plant lineage. Gene duplication was found to be a common phenomenon in this gene family. Although many members of GH1 hydrolases showed a high degree of similarity in Arabidopsis and rice, they showed substantial tissue specificity and differential responses to various stress treatments. This differential regulation implies each enzyme may play a distinct role in plants. Furthermore, some of salt-responsive Arabidopsis GH1 hydrolases were selected to test their genetic involvement in salt responses. The knockout mutants of AtBGLU1 and AtBGLU19 were observed to be less-sensitive during NaCl treatment in comparison to the wild type seedlings, indicating their participation in salt stress response. In summary, Arabidopsis and rice GH1 glycoside hydrolases showed distinct features in their evolutionary path, transcriptional regulation and genetic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ying Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nantong UniversityNantong, China
- Ministry of Agricultural Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Maize in Plain Area of Southern Region, Nantong UniversityNantong, China
| | - Jing-Fang Yang
- College of Chemistry, Central China Normal UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Tie-Yuan Liu
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong KongShatin, Hong Kong
| | - Zhen-Feng Su
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, China
| | - Fu-Yuan Zhu
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong KongShatin, Hong Kong
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhen, China
| | - Mo-Xian Chen
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong KongShatin, Hong Kong
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhen, China
| | - Tao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, China
| | - Neng-Hui Ye
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong KongShatin, Hong Kong
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhen, China
| | - Zhen Feng
- Jiangsu Entry-exit Inspection And Quarantine BureauNanjing, China
| | - Ling-Juan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nantong UniversityNantong, China
| | - Ge-Fei Hao
- College of Chemistry, Central China Normal UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong KongShatin, Hong Kong
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Jianhua Zhang
| | - Ying-Gao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, China
- Ying-Gao Liu
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Pospíšilová H, Jiskrová E, Vojta P, Mrízová K, Kokáš F, Čudejková MM, Bergougnoux V, Plíhal O, Klimešová J, Novák O, Dzurová L, Frébort I, Galuszka P. Transgenic barley overexpressing a cytokinin dehydrogenase gene shows greater tolerance to drought stress. N Biotechnol 2016; 33:692-705. [PMID: 26773738 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Together with auxins, cytokinins are the main plant hormones involved in many different physiological processes. Given this knowledge, cytokinin levels can be manipulated by genetic modification in order to improve agronomic parameters of cereals in relation to, for example, morphology, yield, and tolerance to various stresses. The barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivar Golden Promise was transformed using the cytokinin dehydrogenase 1 gene from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtCKX1) under the control of mild root-specific β-glucosidase promoter from maize. Increased cytokinin degradation activity was observed positively to affect the number and length of lateral roots. The impact on morphology depended upon the recombinant protein's subcellular compartmentation. While assumed cytosolic and vacuolar targeting of AtCKX1 had negligible effect on shoot growth, secretion of AtCKX1 protein to the apoplast had a negative effect on development of the aerial part and yield. Upon the application of severe drought stress, all transgenic genotypes maintained higher water content and showed better growth and yield parameters during revitalization. Higher tolerance to drought stress was most caused by altered root morphology resulting in better dehydration avoidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Pospíšilová
- Department of Molecular Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Jiskrová
- Department of Molecular Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Vojta
- Department of Molecular Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 1333/5, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Katarína Mrízová
- Department of Molecular Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Kokáš
- Department of Molecular Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Mária Majeská Čudejková
- Department of Molecular Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Veronique Bergougnoux
- Department of Molecular Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Plíhal
- Department of Molecular Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Klimešová
- Department of Crop Science, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Novák
- Department of Metabolomics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Dzurová
- Department of Molecular Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Frébort
- Department of Molecular Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Galuszka
- Department of Molecular Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Turek D, Klimeš P, Mazura P, Brzobohatý B. Combining rational and random strategies in β-glucosidase Zm-p60.1 protein library construction. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108292. [PMID: 25260034 PMCID: PMC4178128 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Saturation mutagenesis is a cornerstone technique in protein engineering because of its utility (in conjunction with appropriate analytical techniques) for assessing effects of varying residues at selected positions on proteins’ structures and functions. Site-directed mutagenesis with degenerate primers is the simplest and most rapid saturation mutagenesis technique. Thus, it is highly appropriate for assessing whether or not variation at certain sites is permissible, but not necessarily the most time- and cost-effective technique for detailed assessment of variations’ effects. Thus, in the presented study we applied the technique to randomize position W373 in β-glucosidase Zm-p60.1, which is highly conserved among β-glucosidases. Unexpectedly, β-glucosidase activity screening of the generated variants showed that most variants were active, although they generally had significantly lower activity than the wild type enzyme. Further characterization of the library led us to conclude that a carefully selected combination of randomized codon-based saturation mutagenesis and site-directed mutagenesis may be most efficient, particularly when constructing and investigating randomized libraries with high fractions of positive hits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušan Turek
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Institute of Biophysics AS CR, v.v.i. CEITEC – Central European Institute of Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Klimeš
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Institute of Biophysics AS CR, v.v.i. CEITEC – Central European Institute of Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Mazura
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Institute of Biophysics AS CR, v.v.i. CEITEC – Central European Institute of Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Břetislav Brzobohatý
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Institute of Biophysics AS CR, v.v.i. CEITEC – Central European Institute of Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
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Motte H, Vereecke D, Geelen D, Werbrouck S. The molecular path to in vitro shoot regeneration. Biotechnol Adv 2014; 32:107-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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