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Tie FF, Fu YY, Hu N, Chen Z, Wang HL. Isolation of oligostilbenes from Iris lactea Pall. var. chinensis (Fisch.) Koidz and their anti-inflammatory activities. RSC Adv 2022; 12:32912-32922. [PMID: 36425180 PMCID: PMC9667474 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05176a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Iris lactea Pall. var. chinensis (Fisch.) Koidz (Iris lactea) is an herbaceous perennial widely distributed in China, India, and South Korea. Iris lactea has been extensively used in traditional Chinese medicine. The present study isolated a new oligostilbene (compound 1), together with three known oligostilbenes (compounds 2, 3 and 4) from the seeds of Iris lactea. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by HRESIMS, NMR, and chemical analyses. The network-based pharmacologic analysis platform was used to predict the target proteins related to inflammation of isolated compounds. Furthermore, the isolated compounds were tested for their anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In this network, 138 candidate targets of compounds related to its therapeutic effect on inflammation were identified. In addition, compounds 1, 2, 3 and 4 significantly decreased NO content and the IL-6 levels as well as the expression of COX-2 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fang Tie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Xining 810008 P. R. China +869716143857 +8613997384106
| | - Yang-Yang Fu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Xining 810008 P. R. China +869716143857 +8613997384106
| | - Na Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Xining 810008 P. R. China +869716143857 +8613997384106
| | - Zhi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Animal and Plant Resources of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai Province Xining 810008 P. R. China
| | - Hong-Lun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Xining 810008 P. R. China +869716143857 +8613997384106
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Price L, Han Y, Angessa T, Li C. Molecular Pathways of WRKY Genes in Regulating Plant Salinity Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:10947. [PMID: 36142857 PMCID: PMC9502527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Salinity is a natural and anthropogenic process that plants overcome using various responses. Salinity imposes a two-phase effect, simplified into the initial osmotic challenges and subsequent salinity-specific ion toxicities from continual exposure to sodium and chloride ions. Plant responses to salinity encompass a complex gene network involving osmotic balance, ion transport, antioxidant response, and hormone signaling pathways typically mediated by transcription factors. One particular transcription factor mega family, WRKY, is a principal regulator of salinity responses. Here, we categorize a collection of known salinity-responding WRKYs and summarize their molecular pathways. WRKYs collectively play a part in regulating osmotic balance, ion transport response, antioxidant response, and hormone signaling pathways in plants. Particular attention is given to the hormone signaling pathway to illuminate the relationship between WRKYs and abscisic acid signaling. Observed trends among WRKYs are highlighted, including group II WRKYs as major regulators of the salinity response. We recommend renaming existing WRKYs and adopting a naming system to a standardized format based on protein structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis Price
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Yong Han
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Perth, WA 6151, Australia
| | - Tefera Angessa
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Chengdao Li
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
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Cai X, Zhang B, Wang S, Cheng Y, Wang H. Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the chloroplast genome of Iris lactea var. chinensis. MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2021; 6:1490-1491. [PMID: 33997284 PMCID: PMC8081313 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2020.1847611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Iris lactea var. chinensis is a well-regarded ornamental plant in the genus Iris (family Iridaceae). In this report, we present the complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence of I. lactea var. chinensis for the first time. The complete cp genome of I. lactea var. chinensis was assembled using high-throughput sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis was undertaken based on a dataset of coding regions. The cp genome of I. lactea var. chinensis measures 152,409 bp in length, with regions having two inverted copies (IR 26,026 bp), and separated by the large single copy (LSC 82,256 bp) and small single copy (SSC 18,101 bp) regions. The cp genome encodes 133 unique genes, including 87 different protein-coding genes, 38 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Based on a dataset of 69 chloroplast coding regions, the maximum-likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that Iris lactea var. chinensis clusters closely with Iris sanguinea. Thus, the complete chloroplast genome presented in this report may provide valuable genetic information not only for the future exploitation and utilization of this plant resource but also for further research investigating its relationship with other Iris species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Cai
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yueqin Cheng
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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Ni L, Wang Z, Guo J, Pei X, Liu L, Li H, Yuan H, Gu C. Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing and Comparative Transcriptome Analysis to Evaluate Drought and Salt Stress in Iris lactea var. chinensis. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:434. [PMID: 33803672 PMCID: PMC8002972 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Iris lactea var. chinensis (I. lactea var. chinensis) is a perennial herb halophyte with salt and drought tolerance. In this study, full-length transcripts of I. lactea var. chinensis were sequenced using the PacBio RSII sequencing platform. Moreover, the transcriptome was investigated under NaCl or polyethylene glycol (PEG) stress. Approximately 30.89 G subreads were generated and 31,195 unigenes were obtained by clustering the same isoforms by the PacBio RSII platform. A total of 15,466 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained under the two stresses using the Illumina platform. Among them, 9266 and 8390 DEGs were obtained under high concentrations of NaCl and PEG, respectively. In total, 3897 DEGs with the same expression pattern under the two stresses were obtained. The transcriptome expression profiles of I. lactea var. chinensis under NaCl or PEG stress obtained in this study may provide a resource for the same and different response mechanisms against different types of abiotic stress. Furthermore, the stress-related genes found in this study can provide data for future molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longjie Ni
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (L.N.); (Z.W.); (J.G.); (X.P.); (L.L.); (H.Y.)
- College of Forest Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Zhiquan Wang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (L.N.); (Z.W.); (J.G.); (X.P.); (L.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Jinbo Guo
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (L.N.); (Z.W.); (J.G.); (X.P.); (L.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Xiaoxiao Pei
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (L.N.); (Z.W.); (J.G.); (X.P.); (L.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Liangqin Liu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (L.N.); (Z.W.); (J.G.); (X.P.); (L.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Huogen Li
- College of Forest Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Haiyan Yuan
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (L.N.); (Z.W.); (J.G.); (X.P.); (L.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Chunsun Gu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (L.N.); (Z.W.); (J.G.); (X.P.); (L.L.); (H.Y.)
- College of Forest Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
- Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing 210014, China
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RNA-Seq analysis of Clerodendrum inerme (L.) roots in response to salt stress. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:724. [PMID: 31601194 PMCID: PMC6785863 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6098-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn, a halophyte, usually grows on coastal beaches as an important mangrove plant. The salt-tolerant mechanisms and related genes of this species that respond to short-term salinity stress are unknown for us. The de novo transcriptome of C. inerme roots was analyzed using next-generation sequencing technology to identify genes involved in salt tolerance and to better understand the response mechanisms of C. inerme to salt stress. Results Illumina RNA-sequencing was performed on root samples treated with 400 mM NaCl for 0 h, 6 h, 24 h, and 72 h to investigate changes in C. inerme in response to salt stress. The de novo assembly identified 98,968 unigenes. Among these unigenes, 46,085 unigenes were annotated in the NCBI non-redundant protein sequences (NR) database, 34,756 sequences in the Swiss-Prot database and 43,113 unigenes in the evolutionary genealogy of genes: Non-supervised Orthologous Groups (eggNOG) database. 52 Gene Ontology (GO) terms and 31 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were matched to those unigenes. Most differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to the GO terms “single-organism process”, “membrane” and “catalytic activity” were significantly enriched while numerous DEGs related to the plant hormone signal transduction pathway were also significantly enriched. The detection of relative expression levels of 9 candidate DEGs by qRT-PCR were basically consistent with fold changes in RNA sequencing analysis, demonstrating that transcriptome data can accurately reflect the response of C. inerme roots to salt stress. Conclusions This work revealed that the response of C. inerme roots to saline condition included significant alteration in response of the genes related to plant hormone signaling. Besides, our findings provide numerous salt-tolerant genes for further research to improve the salt tolerance of functional plants and will enhance research on salt-tolerant mechanisms of halophytes.
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Xu J, Chen Q, Liu P, Jia W, Chen Z, Xu Z. Integration of mRNA and miRNA Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanism Underlying Salt and Alkali Stress Tolerance in Tobacco. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2391. [PMID: 31091777 PMCID: PMC6566703 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most severe forms of abiotic stress and affects crop yields worldwide. Plants respond to salinity stress via a sophisticated mechanism at the physiological, transcriptional and metabolic levels. However, the molecular regulatory networks involved in salt and alkali tolerance have not yet been elucidated. We developed an RNA-seq technique to perform mRNA and small RNA (sRNA) sequencing of plants under salt (NaCl) and alkali (NaHCO3) stress in tobacco. Overall, 8064 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 33 differentially expressed microRNAs (DE miRNAs) were identified in response to salt and alkali stress. A total of 1578 overlapping DEGs, which exhibit the same expression patterns and are involved in ion channel, aquaporin (AQP) and antioxidant activities, were identified. Furthermore, genes involved in several biological processes, such as "photosynthesis" and "starch and sucrose metabolism," were specifically enriched under NaHCO3 treatment. We also identified 15 and 22 miRNAs that were differentially expressed in response to NaCl and NaHCO3, respectively. Analysis of inverse correlations between miRNAs and target mRNAs revealed 26 mRNA-miRNA interactions under NaCl treatment and 139 mRNA-miRNA interactions under NaHCO3 treatment. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the response of tobacco to salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayang Xu
- National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Center, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Qiansi Chen
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Pingping Liu
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Wei Jia
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Zheng Chen
- National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Center, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Zicheng Xu
- National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Center, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
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Wang MQ, Huang QX, Lin P, Zeng QH, Li Y, Liu QL, Zhang L, Pan YZ, Jiang BB, Zhang F. The Overexpression of a Transcription Factor Gene VbWRKY32 Enhances the Cold Tolerance in Verbena bonariensis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1746. [PMID: 32063911 PMCID: PMC7000379 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Cold stress poses a serious threat to the survival and bloom of Verbena bonariensis. The enhancement of the cold tolerance of V. bonariensis is the central concern of our research. The WRKY transcription factor (TF) family was paid great attention to in the field of abiotic stress. The VbWRKY32 gene was obtained from V. bonariensis. The VbWRKY32 predicted protein contained two typical WRKY domains and two C2H2 zinc-finger motifs. Under cold stress, VbWRKY32 in leaves was more greatly induced than that in stems and roots. The overexpression (OE) in V. bonariensis increased cold tolerance compared with wild-type (WT). Under cold stress, the OE lines possessed showed greater recovery after cold-treatment restoration ratios, proline content, soluble sugar content, and activities of antioxidant enzymes than WT; the relative electrolyte conductivity (EL), the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and superoxide anion (O2 -) are lower in OE lines than that in WT. In addition, a series of cold-response genes of OE lines were compared with WT. The results revealed that VbWRKY32 worked as a positive regulator by up-regulating transcription levels of cold-responsive genes. The genes above can contribute to the elevation of antioxidant activities, maintain the membrane stability, and raise osmotic regulation ability, leading to the enhancement of the survival capacity under cold stress. According to this work, VbWRKY32 could serve as an essential gene to confer enhanced cold tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-qi Wang
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiu-xiang Huang
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Lin
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin-han Zeng
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering and College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Li, ; Qing-lin Liu,
| | - Qing-lin Liu
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Li, ; Qing-lin Liu,
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan-zhi Pan
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bei-bei Jiang
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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